3 * Copyright (C) 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
4 * 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, by Larry Wall and others
6 * You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
7 * License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
12 * "A ship then new they built for him/of mithril and of elven glass" --Bilbo
15 /* This file contains the top-level functions that are used to create, use
16 * and destroy a perl interpreter, plus the functions used by XS code to
17 * call back into perl. Note that it does not contain the actual main()
18 * function of the interpreter; that can be found in perlmain.c
23 * Be proud that perl(1) may proclaim:
24 * Setuid Perl scripts are safer than C programs ...
25 * Do not abandon (deprecate) suidperl. Do not advocate C wrappers.
27 * The flow was: perl starts, notices script is suid, execs suidperl with same
28 * arguments; suidperl opens script, checks many things, sets itself with
29 * right UID, execs perl with similar arguments but with script pre-opened on
30 * /dev/fd/xxx; perl checks script is as should be and does work. This was
31 * insecure: see perlsec(1) for many problems with this approach.
33 * The "correct" flow should be: perl starts, opens script and notices it is
34 * suid, checks many things, execs suidperl with similar arguments but with
35 * script on /dev/fd/xxx; suidperl checks script and /dev/fd/xxx object are
36 * same, checks arguments match #! line, sets itself with right UID, execs
37 * perl with same arguments; perl checks many things and does work.
39 * (Opening the script in perl instead of suidperl, we "lose" scripts that
40 * are readable to the target UID but not to the invoker. Where did
41 * unreadable scripts work anyway?)
43 * For now, suidperl and perl are pretty much the same large and cumbersome
44 * program, so suidperl can check its argument list (see comments elsewhere).
47 * Original bug report:
48 * http://bugs.perl.org/index.html?req=bug_id&bug_id=20010322.218
49 * http://rt.perl.org/rt2/Ticket/Display.html?id=6511
50 * Comments and discussion with Debian:
51 * http://bugs.debian.org/203426
52 * http://bugs.debian.org/220486
53 * Debian Security Advisory DSA 431-1 (does not fully fix problem):
54 * http://www.debian.org/security/2004/dsa-431
56 * http://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CAN-2003-0618
57 * Previous versions of this patch sent to perl5-porters:
58 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg71953.html
59 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg75245.html
60 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg75563.html
61 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg75635.html
63 Paul Szabo - psz@maths.usyd.edu.au http://www.maths.usyd.edu.au:8000/u/psz/
64 School of Mathematics and Statistics University of Sydney 2006 Australia
68 * Use truthful, neat, specific error messages.
69 * Cannot always hide the truth; security must not depend on doing so.
73 * Use global(?), thread-local fdscript for easier checks.
74 * (I do not understand how we could possibly get a thread race:
75 * do not all threads go through the same initialization? Or in
76 * fact, are not threads started only after we get the script and
77 * so know what to do? Oh well, make things super-safe...)
81 #define PERL_IN_PERL_C
83 #include "patchlevel.h" /* for local_patches */
87 char *nw_get_sitelib(const char *pl);
90 /* XXX If this causes problems, set i_unistd=undef in the hint file. */
107 #if !defined(STANDARD_C) && !defined(HAS_GETENV_PROTOTYPE) && !defined(PERL_MICRO)
108 char *getenv (char *); /* Usually in <stdlib.h> */
111 static I32 read_e_script(pTHX_ int idx, SV *buf_sv, int maxlen);
119 #ifdef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
125 #if defined(USE_ITHREADS)
126 # define INIT_TLS_AND_INTERP \
128 if (!PL_curinterp) { \
129 PERL_SET_INTERP(my_perl); \
132 PERL_SET_THX(my_perl); \
134 MUTEX_INIT(&PL_dollarzero_mutex); \
137 PERL_SET_THX(my_perl); \
141 # define INIT_TLS_AND_INTERP \
143 if (!PL_curinterp) { \
144 PERL_SET_INTERP(my_perl); \
146 PERL_SET_THX(my_perl); \
150 #ifdef PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
152 perl_alloc_using(struct IPerlMem* ipM, struct IPerlMem* ipMS,
153 struct IPerlMem* ipMP, struct IPerlEnv* ipE,
154 struct IPerlStdIO* ipStd, struct IPerlLIO* ipLIO,
155 struct IPerlDir* ipD, struct IPerlSock* ipS,
156 struct IPerlProc* ipP)
158 PerlInterpreter *my_perl;
159 /* New() needs interpreter, so call malloc() instead */
160 my_perl = (PerlInterpreter*)(*ipM->pMalloc)(ipM, sizeof(PerlInterpreter));
162 Zero(my_perl, 1, PerlInterpreter);
178 =head1 Embedding Functions
180 =for apidoc perl_alloc
182 Allocates a new Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
190 PerlInterpreter *my_perl;
191 #ifdef USE_5005THREADS
195 /* New() needs interpreter, so call malloc() instead */
196 my_perl = (PerlInterpreter*)PerlMem_malloc(sizeof(PerlInterpreter));
199 return ZeroD(my_perl, 1, PerlInterpreter);
201 #endif /* PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS */
204 =for apidoc perl_construct
206 Initializes a new Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
212 perl_construct(pTHXx)
216 PL_perl_destruct_level = 1;
218 if (PL_perl_destruct_level > 0)
221 /* Init the real globals (and main thread)? */
223 #ifdef PERL_FLEXIBLE_EXCEPTIONS
224 PL_protect = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_default_protect); /* for exceptions */
227 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling; /* needed by ckWARN, right away */
229 PL_linestr = NEWSV(65,79);
230 sv_upgrade(PL_linestr,SVt_PVIV);
232 if (!SvREADONLY(&PL_sv_undef)) {
233 /* set read-only and try to insure than we wont see REFCNT==0
236 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_undef);
237 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_undef) = (~(U32)0)/2;
239 sv_setpv(&PL_sv_no,PL_No);
240 /* value lookup in void context - happens to have the side effect
241 of caching the numeric forms. */
244 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_no);
245 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_no) = (~(U32)0)/2;
247 sv_setpv(&PL_sv_yes,PL_Yes);
250 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_yes);
251 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_yes) = (~(U32)0)/2;
253 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_placeholder);
254 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_placeholder) = (~(U32)0)/2;
257 PL_sighandlerp = Perl_sighandler;
258 PL_pidstatus = newHV();
261 PL_rs = newSVpvn("\n", 1);
266 PL_lex_state = LEX_NOTPARSING;
272 SET_NUMERIC_STANDARD();
274 #if defined(LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT)
275 PL_localpatches = local_patches; /* For possible -v */
278 #ifdef HAVE_INTERP_INTERN
282 PerlIO_init(aTHX); /* Hook to IO system */
284 PL_fdpid = newAV(); /* for remembering popen pids by fd */
285 PL_modglobal = newHV(); /* pointers to per-interpreter module globals */
286 PL_errors = newSVpvn("",0);
287 sv_setpvn(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(0), "", 0); /* For regex debugging. */
288 sv_setpvn(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(1), "", 0); /* ext/re needs these */
289 sv_setpvn(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(2), "", 0); /* even without DEBUGGING. */
291 PL_regex_padav = newAV();
292 av_push(PL_regex_padav,(SV*)newAV()); /* First entry is an array of empty elements */
293 PL_regex_pad = AvARRAY(PL_regex_padav);
295 #ifdef USE_REENTRANT_API
296 Perl_reentrant_init(aTHX);
299 /* Note that strtab is a rather special HV. Assumptions are made
300 about not iterating on it, and not adding tie magic to it.
301 It is properly deallocated in perl_destruct() */
304 HvSHAREKEYS_off(PL_strtab); /* mandatory */
305 hv_ksplit(PL_strtab, 512);
307 #if defined(__DYNAMIC__) && (defined(NeXT) || defined(__NeXT__))
308 _dyld_lookup_and_bind
309 ("__environ", (unsigned long *) &environ_pointer, NULL);
313 # ifdef USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY
314 PL_origenviron = environ;
318 /* Use sysconf(_SC_CLK_TCK) if available, if not
319 * available or if the sysconf() fails, use the HZ.
320 * BeOS has those, but returns the wrong value. */
321 #if defined(HAS_SYSCONF) && defined(_SC_CLK_TCK) && !defined(__BEOS__)
322 PL_clocktick = sysconf(_SC_CLK_TCK);
323 if (PL_clocktick <= 0)
327 PL_stashcache = newHV();
329 PL_patchlevel = newSVpv(
330 Perl_form(aTHX_ "%d.%d.%d",
333 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION ), 0
340 =for apidoc nothreadhook
342 Stub that provides thread hook for perl_destruct when there are
349 Perl_nothreadhook(pTHX)
355 =for apidoc perl_destruct
357 Shuts down a Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
365 volatile int destruct_level; /* 0=none, 1=full, 2=full with checks */
367 #ifdef USE_5005THREADS
369 #endif /* USE_5005THREADS */
371 /* wait for all pseudo-forked children to finish */
372 PERL_WAIT_FOR_CHILDREN;
374 destruct_level = PL_perl_destruct_level;
378 if ((s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL"))) {
380 if (destruct_level < i)
387 if(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_DESTRUCT_END) {
392 if (PL_endav && !PL_minus_c)
393 call_list(PL_scopestack_ix, PL_endav);
399 /* Need to flush since END blocks can produce output */
402 if (CALL_FPTR(PL_threadhook)(aTHX)) {
403 /* Threads hook has vetoed further cleanup */
404 return STATUS_NATIVE_EXPORT;
407 /* We must account for everything. */
409 /* Destroy the main CV and syntax tree */
411 /* ensure comppad/curpad to refer to main's pad */
412 if (CvPADLIST(PL_main_cv)) {
413 PAD_SET_CUR_NOSAVE(CvPADLIST(PL_main_cv), 1);
415 op_free(PL_main_root);
416 PL_main_root = Nullop;
418 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
419 PL_main_start = Nullop;
420 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_main_cv);
424 /* Tell PerlIO we are about to tear things apart in case
425 we have layers which are using resources that should
429 PerlIO_destruct(aTHX);
431 if (PL_sv_objcount) {
433 * Try to destruct global references. We do this first so that the
434 * destructors and destructees still exist. Some sv's might remain.
435 * Non-referenced objects are on their own.
441 /* unhook hooks which will soon be, or use, destroyed data */
442 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_warnhook);
443 PL_warnhook = Nullsv;
444 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_diehook);
447 /* call exit list functions */
448 while (PL_exitlistlen-- > 0)
449 PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].fn(aTHX_ PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].ptr);
451 Safefree(PL_exitlist);
456 if (destruct_level == 0){
458 DEBUG_P(debprofdump());
460 #if defined(PERLIO_LAYERS)
461 /* No more IO - including error messages ! */
462 PerlIO_cleanup(aTHX);
465 /* The exit() function will do everything that needs doing. */
466 return STATUS_NATIVE_EXPORT;
469 /* jettison our possibly duplicated environment */
470 /* if PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV is defined environ will not have been copied
471 * so we certainly shouldn't free it here
474 #if defined(USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY) && !defined(PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV)
475 if (environ != PL_origenviron && !PL_use_safe_putenv
477 /* only main thread can free environ[0] contents */
478 && PL_curinterp == aTHX
484 for (i = 0; environ[i]; i++)
485 safesysfree(environ[i]);
487 /* Must use safesysfree() when working with environ. */
488 safesysfree(environ);
490 environ = PL_origenviron;
493 #endif /* !PERL_MICRO */
495 /* reset so print() ends up where we expect */
499 /* the syntax tree is shared between clones
500 * so op_free(PL_main_root) only ReREFCNT_dec's
501 * REGEXPs in the parent interpreter
502 * we need to manually ReREFCNT_dec for the clones
505 I32 i = AvFILLp(PL_regex_padav) + 1;
506 SV **ary = AvARRAY(PL_regex_padav);
510 REGEXP *re = INT2PTR(REGEXP *,SvIVX(resv));
512 if (SvFLAGS(resv) & SVf_BREAK) {
513 /* this is PL_reg_curpm, already freed
514 * flag is set in regexec.c:S_regtry
516 SvFLAGS(resv) &= ~SVf_BREAK;
518 else if(SvREPADTMP(resv)) {
519 SvREPADTMP_off(resv);
526 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_regex_padav);
527 PL_regex_padav = Nullav;
531 SvREFCNT_dec((SV*) PL_stashcache);
532 PL_stashcache = NULL;
534 /* loosen bonds of global variables */
537 (void)PerlIO_close(PL_rsfp);
541 /* Filters for program text */
542 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_rsfp_filters);
543 PL_rsfp_filters = Nullav;
546 PL_preprocess = FALSE;
552 PL_doswitches = FALSE;
553 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_OFF;
554 PL_doextract = FALSE;
555 PL_sawampersand = FALSE; /* must save all match strings */
558 Safefree(PL_inplace);
560 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_patchlevel);
563 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_e_script);
564 PL_e_script = Nullsv;
569 /* magical thingies */
571 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_ofs_sv); /* $, */
574 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_ors_sv); /* $\ */
577 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_rs); /* $/ */
580 PL_multiline = 0; /* $* */
581 Safefree(PL_osname); /* $^O */
584 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_statname);
585 PL_statname = Nullsv;
588 /* defgv, aka *_ should be taken care of elsewhere */
590 /* clean up after study() */
591 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_lastscream);
592 PL_lastscream = Nullsv;
593 Safefree(PL_screamfirst);
595 Safefree(PL_screamnext);
599 Safefree(PL_efloatbuf);
600 PL_efloatbuf = Nullch;
603 /* startup and shutdown function lists */
604 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_beginav);
605 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_beginav_save);
606 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_endav);
607 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_checkav);
608 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_checkav_save);
609 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_initav);
611 PL_beginav_save = Nullav;
614 PL_checkav_save = Nullav;
617 /* shortcuts just get cleared */
623 PL_argvoutgv = Nullgv;
625 PL_stderrgv = Nullgv;
626 PL_last_in_gv = Nullgv;
631 PL_DBsingle = Nullsv;
633 PL_DBsignal = Nullsv;
634 PL_DBassertion = Nullsv;
637 PL_debstash = Nullhv;
639 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_argvout_stack);
640 PL_argvout_stack = Nullav;
642 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_modglobal);
643 PL_modglobal = Nullhv;
644 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_preambleav);
645 PL_preambleav = Nullav;
646 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_subname);
648 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_linestr);
650 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_pidstatus);
651 PL_pidstatus = Nullhv;
652 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_toptarget);
653 PL_toptarget = Nullsv;
654 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_bodytarget);
655 PL_bodytarget = Nullsv;
656 PL_formtarget = Nullsv;
658 /* free locale stuff */
659 #ifdef USE_LOCALE_COLLATE
660 Safefree(PL_collation_name);
661 PL_collation_name = Nullch;
664 #ifdef USE_LOCALE_NUMERIC
665 Safefree(PL_numeric_name);
666 PL_numeric_name = Nullch;
667 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_numeric_radix_sv);
668 PL_numeric_radix_sv = Nullsv;
671 /* clear utf8 character classes */
672 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_alnum);
673 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_alnumc);
674 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_ascii);
675 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_alpha);
676 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_space);
677 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_cntrl);
678 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_graph);
679 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_digit);
680 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_upper);
681 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_lower);
682 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_print);
683 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_punct);
684 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_xdigit);
685 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_mark);
686 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_toupper);
687 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_totitle);
688 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_tolower);
689 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_tofold);
690 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_idstart);
691 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_idcont);
692 PL_utf8_alnum = Nullsv;
693 PL_utf8_alnumc = Nullsv;
694 PL_utf8_ascii = Nullsv;
695 PL_utf8_alpha = Nullsv;
696 PL_utf8_space = Nullsv;
697 PL_utf8_cntrl = Nullsv;
698 PL_utf8_graph = Nullsv;
699 PL_utf8_digit = Nullsv;
700 PL_utf8_upper = Nullsv;
701 PL_utf8_lower = Nullsv;
702 PL_utf8_print = Nullsv;
703 PL_utf8_punct = Nullsv;
704 PL_utf8_xdigit = Nullsv;
705 PL_utf8_mark = Nullsv;
706 PL_utf8_toupper = Nullsv;
707 PL_utf8_totitle = Nullsv;
708 PL_utf8_tolower = Nullsv;
709 PL_utf8_tofold = Nullsv;
710 PL_utf8_idstart = Nullsv;
711 PL_utf8_idcont = Nullsv;
713 if (!specialWARN(PL_compiling.cop_warnings))
714 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compiling.cop_warnings);
715 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = Nullsv;
716 if (!specialCopIO(PL_compiling.cop_io))
717 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compiling.cop_io);
718 PL_compiling.cop_io = Nullsv;
719 CopFILE_free(&PL_compiling);
720 CopSTASH_free(&PL_compiling);
722 /* Prepare to destruct main symbol table. */
727 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_curstname);
728 PL_curstname = Nullsv;
730 /* clear queued errors */
731 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_errors);
735 if (destruct_level >= 2 && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL)) {
736 if (PL_scopestack_ix != 0)
737 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
738 "Unbalanced scopes: %ld more ENTERs than LEAVEs\n",
739 (long)PL_scopestack_ix);
740 if (PL_savestack_ix != 0)
741 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
742 "Unbalanced saves: %ld more saves than restores\n",
743 (long)PL_savestack_ix);
744 if (PL_tmps_floor != -1)
745 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),"Unbalanced tmps: %ld more allocs than frees\n",
746 (long)PL_tmps_floor + 1);
747 if (cxstack_ix != -1)
748 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),"Unbalanced context: %ld more PUSHes than POPs\n",
749 (long)cxstack_ix + 1);
752 /* Now absolutely destruct everything, somehow or other, loops or no. */
753 SvFLAGS(PL_fdpid) |= SVTYPEMASK; /* don't clean out pid table now */
754 SvFLAGS(PL_strtab) |= SVTYPEMASK; /* don't clean out strtab now */
756 /* the 2 is for PL_fdpid and PL_strtab */
757 while (PL_sv_count > 2 && sv_clean_all())
760 SvFLAGS(PL_fdpid) &= ~SVTYPEMASK;
761 SvFLAGS(PL_fdpid) |= SVt_PVAV;
762 SvFLAGS(PL_strtab) &= ~SVTYPEMASK;
763 SvFLAGS(PL_strtab) |= SVt_PVHV;
765 AvREAL_off(PL_fdpid); /* no surviving entries */
766 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_fdpid); /* needed in io_close() */
769 #ifdef HAVE_INTERP_INTERN
773 /* Destruct the global string table. */
775 /* Yell and reset the HeVAL() slots that are still holding refcounts,
776 * so that sv_free() won't fail on them.
784 max = HvMAX(PL_strtab);
785 array = HvARRAY(PL_strtab);
788 if (hent && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL)) {
789 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
790 "Unbalanced string table refcount: (%d) for \"%s\"",
791 HeVAL(hent) - Nullsv, HeKEY(hent));
792 HeVAL(hent) = Nullsv;
802 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_strtab);
805 /* free the pointer table used for cloning */
806 ptr_table_free(PL_ptr_table);
807 PL_ptr_table = (PTR_TBL_t*)NULL;
810 /* free special SVs */
812 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_yes) = 0;
813 sv_clear(&PL_sv_yes);
814 SvANY(&PL_sv_yes) = NULL;
815 SvFLAGS(&PL_sv_yes) = 0;
817 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_no) = 0;
819 SvANY(&PL_sv_no) = NULL;
820 SvFLAGS(&PL_sv_no) = 0;
824 for (i=0; i<=2; i++) {
825 SvREFCNT(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i)) = 0;
826 sv_clear(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i));
827 SvANY(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i)) = NULL;
828 SvFLAGS(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i)) = 0;
832 if (PL_sv_count != 0 && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL))
833 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),"Scalars leaked: %ld\n", (long)PL_sv_count);
835 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS
836 if (PL_sv_count != 0) {
841 for (sva = PL_sv_arenaroot; sva; sva = (SV*)SvANY(sva)) {
842 svend = &sva[SvREFCNT(sva)];
843 for (sv = sva + 1; sv < svend; ++sv) {
844 if (SvTYPE(sv) != SVTYPEMASK) {
845 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "leaked: sv=0x%p"
847 " refcnt=%"UVuf pTHX__FORMAT "\n",
848 sv, sv->sv_flags, sv->sv_refcnt pTHX__VALUE);
857 #if defined(PERLIO_LAYERS)
858 /* No more IO - including error messages ! */
859 PerlIO_cleanup(aTHX);
862 /* sv_undef needs to stay immortal until after PerlIO_cleanup
863 as currently layers use it rather than Nullsv as a marker
864 for no arg - and will try and SvREFCNT_dec it.
866 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_undef) = 0;
867 SvREADONLY_off(&PL_sv_undef);
869 Safefree(PL_origfilename);
870 PL_origfilename = Nullch;
871 Safefree(PL_reg_start_tmp);
872 PL_reg_start_tmp = (char**)NULL;
873 PL_reg_start_tmpl = 0;
875 Safefree(PL_reg_curpm);
876 Safefree(PL_reg_poscache);
878 Safefree(PL_op_mask);
879 Safefree(PL_psig_ptr);
880 PL_psig_ptr = (SV**)NULL;
881 Safefree(PL_psig_name);
882 PL_psig_name = (SV**)NULL;
883 Safefree(PL_bitcount);
884 PL_bitcount = Nullch;
885 Safefree(PL_psig_pend);
886 PL_psig_pend = (int*)NULL;
887 PL_formfeed = Nullsv;
892 PL_taint_warn = FALSE;
893 PL_hints = 0; /* Reset hints. Should hints be per-interpreter ? */
896 DEBUG_P(debprofdump());
898 #ifdef USE_REENTRANT_API
899 Perl_reentrant_free(aTHX);
904 /* As the absolutely last thing, free the non-arena SV for mess() */
907 /* it could have accumulated taint magic */
908 if (SvTYPE(PL_mess_sv) >= SVt_PVMG) {
911 for (mg = SvMAGIC(PL_mess_sv); mg; mg = moremagic) {
912 moremagic = mg->mg_moremagic;
913 if (mg->mg_ptr && mg->mg_type != PERL_MAGIC_regex_global
915 Safefree(mg->mg_ptr);
919 /* we know that type >= SVt_PV */
920 SvOOK_off(PL_mess_sv);
921 Safefree(SvPVX(PL_mess_sv));
922 Safefree(SvANY(PL_mess_sv));
923 Safefree(PL_mess_sv);
926 return STATUS_NATIVE_EXPORT;
930 =for apidoc perl_free
932 Releases a Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
940 #if defined(WIN32) || defined(NETWARE)
941 # if defined(PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS)
943 void *host = nw_internal_host;
945 void *host = w32_internal_host;
949 nw_delete_internal_host(host);
951 win32_delete_internal_host(host);
962 Perl_call_atexit(pTHX_ ATEXIT_t fn, void *ptr)
964 Renew(PL_exitlist, PL_exitlistlen+1, PerlExitListEntry);
965 PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].fn = fn;
966 PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].ptr = ptr;
971 =for apidoc perl_parse
973 Tells a Perl interpreter to parse a Perl script. See L<perlembed>.
979 perl_parse(pTHXx_ XSINIT_t xsinit, int argc, char **argv, char **env)
984 #ifdef USE_5005THREADS
988 #ifdef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
991 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "suidperl is no longer needed since the kernel can now execute\n\
992 setuid perl scripts securely.\n");
996 #if defined(USE_HASH_SEED) || defined(USE_HASH_SEED_EXPLICIT)
997 /* [perl #22371] Algorimic Complexity Attack on Perl 5.6.1, 5.8.0
998 * This MUST be done before any hash stores or fetches take place.
999 * If you set PL_rehash_seed (and assumedly also PL_rehash_seed_set)
1000 * yourself, it is your responsibility to provide a good random seed!
1001 * You can also define PERL_HASH_SEED in compile time, see hv.h. */
1002 if (!PL_rehash_seed_set)
1003 PL_rehash_seed = get_hash_seed();
1005 char *s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_HASH_SEED_DEBUG");
1011 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "HASH_SEED = %"UVuf"\n",
1015 #endif /* #if defined(USE_HASH_SEED) || defined(USE_HASH_SEED_EXPLICIT) */
1021 /* Set PL_origalen be the sum of the contiguous argv[]
1022 * elements plus the size of the env in case that it is
1023 * contiguous with the argv[]. This is used in mg.c:Perl_magic_set()
1024 * as the maximum modifiable length of $0. In the worst case
1025 * the area we are able to modify is limited to the size of
1026 * the original argv[0]. (See below for 'contiguous', though.)
1031 ~(UV)(PTRSIZE == 4 ? 3 : PTRSIZE == 8 ? 7 : PTRSIZE == 16 ? 15 : 0);
1032 /* Do the mask check only if the args seem like aligned. */
1034 (mask < ~(UV)0) && ((PTR2UV(argv[0]) & mask) == PTR2UV(argv[0]));
1036 /* See if all the arguments are contiguous in memory. Note
1037 * that 'contiguous' is a loose term because some platforms
1038 * align the argv[] and the envp[]. If the arguments look
1039 * like non-aligned, assume that they are 'strictly' or
1040 * 'traditionally' contiguous. If the arguments look like
1041 * aligned, we just check that they are within aligned
1042 * PTRSIZE bytes. As long as no system has something bizarre
1043 * like the argv[] interleaved with some other data, we are
1044 * fine. (Did I just evoke Murphy's Law?) --jhi */
1045 if (PL_origargv && PL_origargc >= 1 && (s = PL_origargv[0])) {
1047 for (i = 1; i < PL_origargc; i++) {
1048 if ((PL_origargv[i] == s + 1
1050 || PL_origargv[i] == s + 2
1055 (PL_origargv[i] > s &&
1057 INT2PTR(char *, PTR2UV(s + PTRSIZE) & mask)))
1067 /* Can we grab env area too to be used as the area for $0? */
1068 if (PL_origenviron) {
1069 if ((PL_origenviron[0] == s + 1
1071 || (PL_origenviron[0] == s + 9 && (s += 8))
1076 (PL_origenviron[0] > s &&
1077 PL_origenviron[0] <=
1078 INT2PTR(char *, PTR2UV(s + PTRSIZE) & mask)))
1082 s = PL_origenviron[0];
1085 my_setenv("NoNe SuCh", Nullch);
1086 /* Force copy of environment. */
1087 for (i = 1; PL_origenviron[i]; i++) {
1088 if (PL_origenviron[i] == s + 1
1091 (PL_origenviron[i] > s &&
1092 PL_origenviron[i] <=
1093 INT2PTR(char *, PTR2UV(s + PTRSIZE) & mask)))
1096 s = PL_origenviron[i];
1104 PL_origalen = s - PL_origargv[0] + 1;
1109 /* Come here if running an undumped a.out. */
1111 PL_origfilename = savepv(argv[0]);
1112 PL_do_undump = FALSE;
1113 cxstack_ix = -1; /* start label stack again */
1115 init_postdump_symbols(argc,argv,env);
1120 op_free(PL_main_root);
1121 PL_main_root = Nullop;
1123 PL_main_start = Nullop;
1124 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_main_cv);
1125 PL_main_cv = Nullcv;
1128 oldscope = PL_scopestack_ix;
1129 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_OFF;
1131 #ifdef PERL_FLEXIBLE_EXCEPTIONS
1132 CALLPROTECT(aTHX_ pcur_env, &ret, MEMBER_TO_FPTR(S_vparse_body), env, xsinit);
1138 #ifndef PERL_FLEXIBLE_EXCEPTIONS
1139 parse_body(env,xsinit);
1142 call_list(oldscope, PL_checkav);
1149 /* my_exit() was called */
1150 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
1153 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
1155 call_list(oldscope, PL_checkav);
1156 ret = STATUS_NATIVE_EXPORT;
1159 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "panic: top_env\n");
1167 #ifdef PERL_FLEXIBLE_EXCEPTIONS
1169 S_vparse_body(pTHX_ va_list args)
1171 char **env = va_arg(args, char**);
1172 XSINIT_t xsinit = va_arg(args, XSINIT_t);
1174 return parse_body(env, xsinit);
1179 S_parse_body(pTHX_ char **env, XSINIT_t xsinit)
1181 int argc = PL_origargc;
1182 char **argv = PL_origargv;
1183 char *scriptname = NULL;
1184 VOL bool dosearch = FALSE;
1185 char *validarg = "";
1188 char *cddir = Nullch;
1192 sv_setpvn(PL_linestr,"",0);
1193 sv = newSVpvn("",0); /* first used for -I flags */
1197 for (argc--,argv++; argc > 0; argc--,argv++) {
1198 if (argv[0][0] != '-' || !argv[0][1])
1202 validarg = " PHOOEY ";
1206 * Can we rely on the kernel to start scripts with argv[1] set to
1207 * contain all #! line switches (the whole line)? (argv[0] is set to
1208 * the interpreter name, argv[2] to the script name; argv[3] and
1209 * above may contain other arguments.)
1216 #ifndef PERL_STRICT_CR
1241 if ((s = moreswitches(s)))
1246 CHECK_MALLOC_TOO_LATE_FOR('t');
1247 if( !PL_tainting ) {
1248 PL_taint_warn = TRUE;
1254 CHECK_MALLOC_TOO_LATE_FOR('T');
1256 PL_taint_warn = FALSE;
1261 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
1262 /* ignore -e for Dev:Pseudo argument */
1263 if (argv[1] && !strcmp(argv[1], "Dev:Pseudo"))
1268 PL_e_script = newSVpvn("",0);
1269 filter_add(read_e_script, NULL);
1272 sv_catpv(PL_e_script, s);
1274 sv_catpv(PL_e_script, argv[1]);
1278 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No code specified for -e");
1279 sv_catpv(PL_e_script, "\n");
1282 case 'I': /* -I handled both here and in moreswitches() */
1284 if (!*++s && (s=argv[1]) != Nullch) {
1289 STRLEN len = strlen(s);
1290 p = savepvn(s, len);
1291 incpush(p, TRUE, TRUE, FALSE);
1292 sv_catpvn(sv, "-I", 2);
1293 sv_catpvn(sv, p, len);
1294 sv_catpvn(sv, " ", 1);
1298 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No directory specified for -I");
1302 PL_preprocess = TRUE;
1312 PL_preambleav = newAV();
1313 av_push(PL_preambleav, newSVpv("use Config qw(myconfig config_vars)",0));
1315 PL_Sv = newSVpv("print myconfig();",0);
1317 sv_catpv(PL_Sv,"print \"\\nCharacteristics of this PERLSHR image: \\n\",");
1319 sv_catpv(PL_Sv,"print \"\\nCharacteristics of this binary (from libperl): \\n\",");
1321 sv_catpv(PL_Sv,"\" Compile-time options:");
1323 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," DEBUGGING");
1325 # ifdef MULTIPLICITY
1326 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," MULTIPLICITY");
1328 # ifdef USE_5005THREADS
1329 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_5005THREADS");
1331 # ifdef USE_ITHREADS
1332 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_ITHREADS");
1334 # ifdef USE_64_BIT_INT
1335 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_64_BIT_INT");
1337 # ifdef USE_64_BIT_ALL
1338 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_64_BIT_ALL");
1340 # ifdef USE_LONG_DOUBLE
1341 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_LONG_DOUBLE");
1343 # ifdef USE_LARGE_FILES
1344 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_LARGE_FILES");
1347 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_SOCKS");
1349 # ifdef PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT
1350 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT");
1352 # ifdef PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
1353 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS");
1355 sv_catpv(PL_Sv,"\\n\",");
1357 #if defined(LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT)
1358 if (LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT > 0) {
1360 sv_catpv(PL_Sv,"\" Locally applied patches:\\n\",");
1361 for (i = 1; i <= LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT; i++) {
1362 if (PL_localpatches[i])
1363 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ PL_Sv,"q%c\t%s\n%c,",
1364 0, PL_localpatches[i], 0);
1368 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ PL_Sv,"\" Built under %s\\n\"",OSNAME);
1371 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ PL_Sv,",\" Compiled at %s %s\\n\"",__DATE__,__TIME__);
1373 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ PL_Sv,",\" Compiled on %s\\n\"",__DATE__);
1376 sv_catpv(PL_Sv, "; \
1378 @env = map { \"$_=\\\"$ENV{$_}\\\"\" } sort grep {/^PERL/} keys %ENV; ");
1381 push @env, \"CYGWIN=\\\"$ENV{CYGWIN}\\\"\";");
1384 print \" \\%ENV:\\n @env\\n\" if @env; \
1385 print \" \\@INC:\\n @INC\\n\";");
1388 PL_Sv = newSVpv("config_vars(qw(",0);
1389 sv_catpv(PL_Sv, ++s);
1390 sv_catpv(PL_Sv, "))");
1393 av_push(PL_preambleav, PL_Sv);
1394 scriptname = BIT_BUCKET; /* don't look for script or read stdin */
1397 PL_doextract = TRUE;
1405 if (!*++s || isSPACE(*s)) {
1409 /* catch use of gnu style long options */
1410 if (strEQ(s, "version")) {
1414 if (strEQ(s, "help")) {
1421 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Unrecognized switch: -%s (-h will show valid options)",s);
1427 #ifndef SECURE_INTERNAL_GETENV
1430 (s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL5OPT")))
1435 if (*s == '-' && *(s+1) == 'T') {
1436 CHECK_MALLOC_TOO_LATE_FOR('T');
1438 PL_taint_warn = FALSE;
1441 char *popt_copy = Nullch;
1454 if (!strchr("DIMUdmtwA", *s))
1455 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Illegal switch in PERL5OPT: -%c", *s);
1459 popt_copy = SvPVX(sv_2mortal(newSVpv(popt,0)));
1460 s = popt_copy + (s - popt);
1461 d = popt_copy + (d - popt);
1468 if( !PL_tainting ) {
1469 PL_taint_warn = TRUE;
1479 if (PL_taint_warn && PL_dowarn != G_WARN_ALL_OFF) {
1480 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = newSVpvn(WARN_TAINTstring, WARNsize);
1484 scriptname = argv[0];
1487 scriptname = BIT_BUCKET; /* don't look for script or read stdin */
1489 else if (scriptname == Nullch) {
1491 if ( PerlLIO_isatty(PerlIO_fileno(PerlIO_stdin())) )
1499 open_script(scriptname,dosearch,sv);
1501 validate_suid(validarg, scriptname);
1504 #if defined(SIGCHLD) || defined(SIGCLD)
1507 # define SIGCHLD SIGCLD
1509 Sighandler_t sigstate = rsignal_state(SIGCHLD);
1510 if (sigstate == SIG_IGN) {
1511 if (ckWARN(WARN_SIGNAL))
1512 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_SIGNAL),
1513 "Can't ignore signal CHLD, forcing to default");
1514 (void)rsignal(SIGCHLD, (Sighandler_t)SIG_DFL);
1520 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
1521 if (PL_doextract || gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract) {
1526 if (cddir && PerlDir_chdir(cddir) < 0)
1527 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't chdir to %s",cddir);
1531 PL_main_cv = PL_compcv = (CV*)NEWSV(1104,0);
1532 sv_upgrade((SV *)PL_compcv, SVt_PVCV);
1533 CvUNIQUE_on(PL_compcv);
1535 CvPADLIST(PL_compcv) = pad_new(0);
1536 #ifdef USE_5005THREADS
1537 CvOWNER(PL_compcv) = 0;
1538 New(666, CvMUTEXP(PL_compcv), 1, perl_mutex);
1539 MUTEX_INIT(CvMUTEXP(PL_compcv));
1540 #endif /* USE_5005THREADS */
1543 boot_core_UNIVERSAL();
1544 boot_core_xsutils();
1547 (*xsinit)(aTHX); /* in case linked C routines want magical variables */
1549 #if defined(VMS) || defined(WIN32) || defined(DJGPP) || defined(__CYGWIN__) || defined(EPOC)
1555 # ifdef HAS_SOCKS5_INIT
1556 socks5_init(argv[0]);
1562 init_predump_symbols();
1563 /* init_postdump_symbols not currently designed to be called */
1564 /* more than once (ENV isn't cleared first, for example) */
1565 /* But running with -u leaves %ENV & @ARGV undefined! XXX */
1567 init_postdump_symbols(argc,argv,env);
1569 /* PL_unicode is turned on by -C or by $ENV{PERL_UNICODE}.
1570 * PL_utf8locale is conditionally turned on by
1571 * locale.c:Perl_init_i18nl10n() if the environment
1572 * look like the user wants to use UTF-8. */
1574 /* Requires init_predump_symbols(). */
1575 if (!(PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_LOCALE_FLAG) || PL_utf8locale) {
1580 /* Turn on UTF-8-ness on STDIN, STDOUT, STDERR
1581 * and the default open disciplines. */
1582 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_STDIN_FLAG) &&
1583 PL_stdingv && (io = GvIO(PL_stdingv)) &&
1585 PerlIO_binmode(aTHX_ fp, IoTYPE(io), 0, ":utf8");
1586 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_STDOUT_FLAG) &&
1587 PL_defoutgv && (io = GvIO(PL_defoutgv)) &&
1589 PerlIO_binmode(aTHX_ fp, IoTYPE(io), 0, ":utf8");
1590 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_STDERR_FLAG) &&
1591 PL_stderrgv && (io = GvIO(PL_stderrgv)) &&
1593 PerlIO_binmode(aTHX_ fp, IoTYPE(io), 0, ":utf8");
1594 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_INOUT_FLAG) &&
1595 (sv = GvSV(gv_fetchpv("\017PEN", TRUE, SVt_PV)))) {
1596 U32 in = PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_IN_FLAG;
1597 U32 out = PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_OUT_FLAG;
1600 sv_setpvn(sv, ":utf8\0:utf8", 11);
1602 sv_setpvn(sv, ":utf8\0", 6);
1605 sv_setpvn(sv, "\0:utf8", 6);
1611 if ((s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_SIGNALS"))) {
1612 if (strEQ(s, "unsafe"))
1613 PL_signals |= PERL_SIGNALS_UNSAFE_FLAG;
1614 else if (strEQ(s, "safe"))
1615 PL_signals &= ~PERL_SIGNALS_UNSAFE_FLAG;
1617 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "PERL_SIGNALS illegal: \"%s\"", s);
1622 /* now parse the script */
1624 SETERRNO(0,SS_NORMAL);
1626 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
1627 if (gMacPerl_SyntaxError = (yyparse() || PL_error_count)) {
1629 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s had compilation errors.\n", MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
1631 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Execution of %s aborted due to compilation errors.\n",
1632 MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
1636 if (yyparse() || PL_error_count) {
1638 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s had compilation errors.\n", PL_origfilename);
1640 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Execution of %s aborted due to compilation errors.\n",
1645 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, 0);
1646 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
1647 PL_preprocess = FALSE;
1649 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_e_script);
1650 PL_e_script = Nullsv;
1657 SAVECOPFILE(PL_curcop);
1658 SAVECOPLINE(PL_curcop);
1659 gv_check(PL_defstash);
1666 if ((s=PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS")) && atoi(s) >= 2)
1667 dump_mstats("after compilation:");
1676 =for apidoc perl_run
1678 Tells a Perl interpreter to run. See L<perlembed>.
1689 #ifdef USE_5005THREADS
1693 oldscope = PL_scopestack_ix;
1698 #ifdef PERL_FLEXIBLE_EXCEPTIONS
1700 CALLPROTECT(aTHX_ pcur_env, &ret, MEMBER_TO_FPTR(S_vrun_body), oldscope);
1706 cxstack_ix = -1; /* start context stack again */
1708 case 0: /* normal completion */
1709 #ifndef PERL_FLEXIBLE_EXCEPTIONS
1714 case 2: /* my_exit() */
1715 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
1718 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
1719 if (!(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_DESTRUCT_END) &&
1720 PL_endav && !PL_minus_c)
1721 call_list(oldscope, PL_endav);
1723 if (PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS"))
1724 dump_mstats("after execution: ");
1726 ret = STATUS_NATIVE_EXPORT;
1730 POPSTACK_TO(PL_mainstack);
1733 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "panic: restartop\n");
1743 #ifdef PERL_FLEXIBLE_EXCEPTIONS
1745 S_vrun_body(pTHX_ va_list args)
1747 I32 oldscope = va_arg(args, I32);
1749 return run_body(oldscope);
1755 S_run_body(pTHX_ I32 oldscope)
1757 DEBUG_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "%s $` $& $' support.\n",
1758 PL_sawampersand ? "Enabling" : "Omitting"));
1760 if (!PL_restartop) {
1761 DEBUG_x(dump_all());
1763 PERL_DEBUG(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "\nEXECUTING...\n\n"));
1764 DEBUG_S(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "main thread is 0x%"UVxf"\n",
1768 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
1769 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "%s%s syntax OK\n",
1770 (gMacPerl_ErrorFormat ? "# " : ""),
1771 MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
1773 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "%s syntax OK\n", PL_origfilename);
1777 if (PERLDB_SINGLE && PL_DBsingle)
1778 sv_setiv(PL_DBsingle, 1);
1780 call_list(oldscope, PL_initav);
1786 PL_op = PL_restartop;
1790 else if (PL_main_start) {
1791 CvDEPTH(PL_main_cv) = 1;
1792 PL_op = PL_main_start;
1802 =head1 SV Manipulation Functions
1804 =for apidoc p||get_sv
1806 Returns the SV of the specified Perl scalar. If C<create> is set and the
1807 Perl variable does not exist then it will be created. If C<create> is not
1808 set and the variable does not exist then NULL is returned.
1814 Perl_get_sv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
1817 #ifdef USE_5005THREADS
1818 if (name[1] == '\0' && !isALPHA(name[0])) {
1819 PADOFFSET tmp = find_threadsv(name);
1820 if (tmp != NOT_IN_PAD)
1821 return THREADSV(tmp);
1823 #endif /* USE_5005THREADS */
1824 gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PV);
1831 =head1 Array Manipulation Functions
1833 =for apidoc p||get_av
1835 Returns the AV of the specified Perl array. If C<create> is set and the
1836 Perl variable does not exist then it will be created. If C<create> is not
1837 set and the variable does not exist then NULL is returned.
1843 Perl_get_av(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
1845 GV* gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PVAV);
1854 =head1 Hash Manipulation Functions
1856 =for apidoc p||get_hv
1858 Returns the HV of the specified Perl hash. If C<create> is set and the
1859 Perl variable does not exist then it will be created. If C<create> is not
1860 set and the variable does not exist then NULL is returned.
1866 Perl_get_hv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
1868 GV* gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PVHV);
1877 =head1 CV Manipulation Functions
1879 =for apidoc p||get_cv
1881 Returns the CV of the specified Perl subroutine. If C<create> is set and
1882 the Perl subroutine does not exist then it will be declared (which has the
1883 same effect as saying C<sub name;>). If C<create> is not set and the
1884 subroutine does not exist then NULL is returned.
1890 Perl_get_cv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
1892 GV* gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PVCV);
1893 /* XXX unsafe for threads if eval_owner isn't held */
1894 /* XXX this is probably not what they think they're getting.
1895 * It has the same effect as "sub name;", i.e. just a forward
1897 if (create && !GvCVu(gv))
1898 return newSUB(start_subparse(FALSE, 0),
1899 newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, newSVpv(name,0)),
1907 /* Be sure to refetch the stack pointer after calling these routines. */
1911 =head1 Callback Functions
1913 =for apidoc p||call_argv
1915 Performs a callback to the specified Perl sub. See L<perlcall>.
1921 Perl_call_argv(pTHX_ const char *sub_name, I32 flags, register char **argv)
1923 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
1924 /* null terminated arg list */
1931 XPUSHs(sv_2mortal(newSVpv(*argv,0)));
1936 return call_pv(sub_name, flags);
1940 =for apidoc p||call_pv
1942 Performs a callback to the specified Perl sub. See L<perlcall>.
1948 Perl_call_pv(pTHX_ const char *sub_name, I32 flags)
1949 /* name of the subroutine */
1950 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
1952 return call_sv((SV*)get_cv(sub_name, TRUE), flags);
1956 =for apidoc p||call_method
1958 Performs a callback to the specified Perl method. The blessed object must
1959 be on the stack. See L<perlcall>.
1965 Perl_call_method(pTHX_ const char *methname, I32 flags)
1966 /* name of the subroutine */
1967 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
1969 return call_sv(sv_2mortal(newSVpv(methname,0)), flags | G_METHOD);
1972 /* May be called with any of a CV, a GV, or an SV containing the name. */
1974 =for apidoc p||call_sv
1976 Performs a callback to the Perl sub whose name is in the SV. See
1983 Perl_call_sv(pTHX_ SV *sv, I32 flags)
1984 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
1987 LOGOP myop; /* fake syntax tree node */
1990 volatile I32 retval = 0;
1992 bool oldcatch = CATCH_GET;
1997 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2002 Zero(&myop, 1, LOGOP);
2003 myop.op_next = Nullop;
2004 if (!(flags & G_NOARGS))
2005 myop.op_flags |= OPf_STACKED;
2006 myop.op_flags |= ((flags & G_VOID) ? OPf_WANT_VOID :
2007 (flags & G_ARRAY) ? OPf_WANT_LIST :
2012 EXTEND(PL_stack_sp, 1);
2013 *++PL_stack_sp = sv;
2015 oldscope = PL_scopestack_ix;
2017 if (PERLDB_SUB && PL_curstash != PL_debstash
2018 /* Handle first BEGIN of -d. */
2019 && (PL_DBcv || (PL_DBcv = GvCV(PL_DBsub)))
2020 /* Try harder, since this may have been a sighandler, thus
2021 * curstash may be meaningless. */
2022 && (SvTYPE(sv) != SVt_PVCV || CvSTASH((CV*)sv) != PL_debstash)
2023 && !(flags & G_NODEBUG))
2024 PL_op->op_private |= OPpENTERSUB_DB;
2026 if (flags & G_METHOD) {
2027 Zero(&method_op, 1, UNOP);
2028 method_op.op_next = PL_op;
2029 method_op.op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_METHOD];
2030 myop.op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_ENTERSUB];
2031 PL_op = (OP*)&method_op;
2034 if (!(flags & G_EVAL)) {
2036 call_body((OP*)&myop, FALSE);
2037 retval = PL_stack_sp - (PL_stack_base + oldmark);
2038 CATCH_SET(oldcatch);
2041 myop.op_other = (OP*)&myop;
2043 /* we're trying to emulate pp_entertry() here */
2045 register PERL_CONTEXT *cx;
2046 I32 gimme = GIMME_V;
2051 PUSHBLOCK(cx, (CXt_EVAL|CXp_TRYBLOCK), PL_stack_sp);
2053 PL_eval_root = PL_op; /* Only needed so that goto works right. */
2055 PL_in_eval = EVAL_INEVAL;
2056 if (flags & G_KEEPERR)
2057 PL_in_eval |= EVAL_KEEPERR;
2063 #ifdef PERL_FLEXIBLE_EXCEPTIONS
2065 CALLPROTECT(aTHX_ pcur_env, &ret, MEMBER_TO_FPTR(S_vcall_body),
2072 #ifndef PERL_FLEXIBLE_EXCEPTIONS
2074 call_body((OP*)&myop, FALSE);
2076 retval = PL_stack_sp - (PL_stack_base + oldmark);
2077 if (!(flags & G_KEEPERR))
2084 /* my_exit() was called */
2085 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
2088 if (PL_statusvalue && !(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_EXPECTED))
2089 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Callback called exit");
2094 PL_op = PL_restartop;
2098 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2099 if (flags & G_ARRAY)
2103 *++PL_stack_sp = &PL_sv_undef;
2108 if (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope) {
2112 register PERL_CONTEXT *cx;
2123 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2124 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2133 #ifdef PERL_FLEXIBLE_EXCEPTIONS
2135 S_vcall_body(pTHX_ va_list args)
2137 OP *myop = va_arg(args, OP*);
2138 int is_eval = va_arg(args, int);
2140 call_body(myop, is_eval);
2146 S_call_body(pTHX_ OP *myop, int is_eval)
2148 if (PL_op == myop) {
2150 PL_op = Perl_pp_entereval(aTHX); /* this doesn't do a POPMARK */
2152 PL_op = Perl_pp_entersub(aTHX); /* this does */
2158 /* Eval a string. The G_EVAL flag is always assumed. */
2161 =for apidoc p||eval_sv
2163 Tells Perl to C<eval> the string in the SV.
2169 Perl_eval_sv(pTHX_ SV *sv, I32 flags)
2171 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2174 UNOP myop; /* fake syntax tree node */
2175 volatile I32 oldmark = SP - PL_stack_base;
2176 volatile I32 retval = 0;
2182 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2189 Zero(PL_op, 1, UNOP);
2190 EXTEND(PL_stack_sp, 1);
2191 *++PL_stack_sp = sv;
2192 oldscope = PL_scopestack_ix;
2194 if (!(flags & G_NOARGS))
2195 myop.op_flags = OPf_STACKED;
2196 myop.op_next = Nullop;
2197 myop.op_type = OP_ENTEREVAL;
2198 myop.op_flags |= ((flags & G_VOID) ? OPf_WANT_VOID :
2199 (flags & G_ARRAY) ? OPf_WANT_LIST :
2201 if (flags & G_KEEPERR)
2202 myop.op_flags |= OPf_SPECIAL;
2204 #ifdef PERL_FLEXIBLE_EXCEPTIONS
2206 CALLPROTECT(aTHX_ pcur_env, &ret, MEMBER_TO_FPTR(S_vcall_body),
2209 /* fail now; otherwise we could fail after the JMPENV_PUSH but
2210 * before a PUSHEVAL, which corrupts the stack after a croak */
2211 TAINT_PROPER("eval_sv()");
2217 #ifndef PERL_FLEXIBLE_EXCEPTIONS
2219 call_body((OP*)&myop,TRUE);
2221 retval = PL_stack_sp - (PL_stack_base + oldmark);
2222 if (!(flags & G_KEEPERR))
2229 /* my_exit() was called */
2230 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
2233 if (PL_statusvalue && !(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_EXPECTED))
2234 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Callback called exit");
2239 PL_op = PL_restartop;
2243 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2244 if (flags & G_ARRAY)
2248 *++PL_stack_sp = &PL_sv_undef;
2254 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2255 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2265 =for apidoc p||eval_pv
2267 Tells Perl to C<eval> the given string and return an SV* result.
2273 Perl_eval_pv(pTHX_ const char *p, I32 croak_on_error)
2276 SV* sv = newSVpv(p, 0);
2278 eval_sv(sv, G_SCALAR);
2285 if (croak_on_error && SvTRUE(ERRSV)) {
2287 Perl_croak(aTHX_ SvPVx(ERRSV, n_a));
2293 /* Require a module. */
2296 =head1 Embedding Functions
2298 =for apidoc p||require_pv
2300 Tells Perl to C<require> the file named by the string argument. It is
2301 analogous to the Perl code C<eval "require '$file'">. It's even
2302 implemented that way; consider using load_module instead.
2307 Perl_require_pv(pTHX_ const char *pv)
2311 PUSHSTACKi(PERLSI_REQUIRE);
2313 sv = sv_newmortal();
2314 sv_setpv(sv, "require '");
2317 eval_sv(sv, G_DISCARD);
2323 Perl_magicname(pTHX_ char *sym, char *name, I32 namlen)
2327 if ((gv = gv_fetchpv(sym,TRUE, SVt_PV)))
2328 sv_magic(GvSV(gv), (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, namlen);
2332 S_usage(pTHX_ char *name) /* XXX move this out into a module ? */
2334 /* This message really ought to be max 23 lines.
2335 * Removed -h because the user already knows that option. Others? */
2337 static char *usage_msg[] = {
2338 "-0[octal] specify record separator (\\0, if no argument)",
2339 "-a autosplit mode with -n or -p (splits $_ into @F)",
2340 "-C[number/list] enables the listed Unicode features",
2341 "-c check syntax only (runs BEGIN and CHECK blocks)",
2342 "-d[:debugger] run program under debugger",
2343 "-D[number/list] set debugging flags (argument is a bit mask or alphabets)",
2344 "-e program one line of program (several -e's allowed, omit programfile)",
2345 "-F/pattern/ split() pattern for -a switch (//'s are optional)",
2346 "-i[extension] edit <> files in place (makes backup if extension supplied)",
2347 "-Idirectory specify @INC/#include directory (several -I's allowed)",
2348 "-l[octal] enable line ending processing, specifies line terminator",
2349 "-[mM][-]module execute `use/no module...' before executing program",
2350 "-n assume 'while (<>) { ... }' loop around program",
2351 "-p assume loop like -n but print line also, like sed",
2352 "-P run program through C preprocessor before compilation",
2353 "-s enable rudimentary parsing for switches after programfile",
2354 "-S look for programfile using PATH environment variable",
2355 "-t enable tainting warnings",
2356 "-T enable tainting checks",
2357 "-u dump core after parsing program",
2358 "-U allow unsafe operations",
2359 "-v print version, subversion (includes VERY IMPORTANT perl info)",
2360 "-V[:variable] print configuration summary (or a single Config.pm variable)",
2361 "-w enable many useful warnings (RECOMMENDED)",
2362 "-W enable all warnings",
2363 "-x[directory] strip off text before #!perl line and perhaps cd to directory",
2364 "-X disable all warnings",
2368 char **p = usage_msg;
2370 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2371 "\nUsage: %s [switches] [--] [programfile] [arguments]",
2374 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(), "\n %s", *p++);
2377 /* convert a string of -D options (or digits) into an int.
2378 * sets *s to point to the char after the options */
2382 Perl_get_debug_opts(pTHX_ char **s, bool givehelp)
2384 static char *usage_msgd[] = {
2385 " Debugging flag values: (see also -d)",
2386 " p Tokenizing and parsing (with v, displays parse stack)",
2387 " s Stack snapshots (with v, displays all stacks)",
2388 " l Context (loop) stack processing",
2389 " t Trace execution",
2390 " o Method and overloading resolution",
2391 " c String/numeric conversions",
2392 " P Print profiling info, preprocessor command for -P, source file input state",
2393 " m Memory allocation",
2394 " f Format processing",
2395 " r Regular expression parsing and execution",
2396 " x Syntax tree dump",
2397 " u Tainting checks",
2398 " H Hash dump -- usurps values()",
2399 " X Scratchpad allocation",
2401 " S Thread synchronization",
2403 " R Include reference counts of dumped variables (eg when using -Ds)",
2404 " J Do not s,t,P-debug (Jump over) opcodes within package DB",
2405 " v Verbose: use in conjunction with other flags",
2407 " A Consistency checks on internal structures",
2408 " q quiet - currently only suppresses the 'EXECUTING' message",
2413 /* if adding extra options, remember to update DEBUG_MASK */
2414 static char debopts[] = "psltocPmfrxu HXDSTRJvCAq";
2416 for (; isALNUM(**s); (*s)++) {
2417 char *d = strchr(debopts,**s);
2419 i |= 1 << (d - debopts);
2420 else if (ckWARN_d(WARN_DEBUGGING))
2421 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEBUGGING),
2422 "invalid option -D%c, use -D'' to see choices\n", **s);
2425 else if (isDIGIT(**s)) {
2427 for (; isALNUM(**s); (*s)++) ;
2429 else if (givehelp) {
2430 char **p = usage_msgd;
2431 while (*p) PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(), "%s\n", *p++);
2434 if ((i & DEBUG_p_FLAG) && ckWARN_d(WARN_DEBUGGING))
2435 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEBUGGING),
2436 "-Dp not implemented on this platform\n");
2442 /* This routine handles any switches that can be given during run */
2445 Perl_moreswitches(pTHX_ char *s)
2455 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_rs);
2456 if (s[1] == 'x' && s[2]) {
2460 for (s += 2, e = s; *e; e++);
2462 flags = PERL_SCAN_SILENT_ILLDIGIT;
2463 rschar = (U32)grok_hex(s, &numlen, &flags, NULL);
2464 if (s + numlen < e) {
2465 rschar = 0; /* Grandfather -0xFOO as -0 -xFOO. */
2469 PL_rs = newSVpvn("", 0);
2470 SvGROW(PL_rs, (STRLEN)(UNISKIP(rschar) + 1));
2471 tmps = (U8*)SvPVX(PL_rs);
2472 uvchr_to_utf8(tmps, rschar);
2473 SvCUR_set(PL_rs, UNISKIP(rschar));
2478 rschar = (U32)grok_oct(s, &numlen, &flags, NULL);
2479 if (rschar & ~((U8)~0))
2480 PL_rs = &PL_sv_undef;
2481 else if (!rschar && numlen >= 2)
2482 PL_rs = newSVpvn("", 0);
2484 char ch = (char)rschar;
2485 PL_rs = newSVpvn(&ch, 1);
2488 sv_setsv(get_sv("/", TRUE), PL_rs);
2493 PL_unicode = parse_unicode_opts(&s);
2498 while (*s && !isSPACE(*s)) ++s;
2500 PL_splitstr = savepv(PL_splitstr);
2514 /* -dt indicates to the debugger that threads will be used */
2515 if (*s == 't' && !isALNUM(s[1])) {
2517 my_setenv("PERL5DB_THREADED", "1");
2520 /* The following permits -d:Mod to accepts arguments following an =
2521 in the fashion that -MSome::Mod does. */
2522 if (*s == ':' || *s == '=') {
2525 sv = newSVpv("use Devel::", 0);
2527 /* We now allow -d:Module=Foo,Bar */
2528 while(isALNUM(*s) || *s==':') ++s;
2530 sv_catpv(sv, start);
2532 sv_catpvn(sv, start, s-start);
2533 sv_catpv(sv, " split(/,/,q{");
2538 my_setenv("PERL5DB", SvPV(sv, PL_na));
2541 PL_perldb = PERLDB_ALL;
2550 PL_debug = get_debug_opts(&s, 1) | DEBUG_TOP_FLAG;
2551 #else /* !DEBUGGING */
2552 if (ckWARN_d(WARN_DEBUGGING))
2553 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEBUGGING),
2554 "Recompile perl with -DDEBUGGING to use -D switch (did you mean -d ?)\n");
2555 for (s++; isALNUM(*s); s++) ;
2561 usage(PL_origargv[0]);
2565 Safefree(PL_inplace);
2566 #if defined(__CYGWIN__) /* do backup extension automagically */
2567 if (*(s+1) == '\0') {
2568 PL_inplace = savepv(".bak");
2571 #endif /* __CYGWIN__ */
2572 PL_inplace = savepv(s+1);
2574 for (s = PL_inplace; *s && !isSPACE(*s); s++) ;
2577 if (*s == '-') /* Additional switches on #! line. */
2581 case 'I': /* -I handled both here and in parse_body() */
2584 while (*s && isSPACE(*s))
2589 /* ignore trailing spaces (possibly followed by other switches) */
2591 for (e = p; *e && !isSPACE(*e); e++) ;
2595 } while (*p && *p != '-');
2596 e = savepvn(s, e-s);
2597 incpush(e, TRUE, TRUE, FALSE);
2604 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No directory specified for -I");
2610 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_ors_sv);
2615 PL_ors_sv = newSVpvn("\n",1);
2616 numlen = 3 + (*s == '0');
2617 *SvPVX(PL_ors_sv) = (char)grok_oct(s, &numlen, &flags, NULL);
2621 if (RsPARA(PL_rs)) {
2622 PL_ors_sv = newSVpvn("\n\n",2);
2625 PL_ors_sv = newSVsv(PL_rs);
2632 PL_preambleav = newAV();
2634 SV *sv = newSVpv("use assertions::activate split(/,/,q", 0);
2635 sv_catpvn(sv, "\0", 1); /* Use NUL as q//-delimiter. */
2637 sv_catpvn(sv, "\0)", 2);
2639 av_push(PL_preambleav, sv);
2642 av_push(PL_preambleav, newSVpvn("use assertions::activate",24));
2645 forbid_setid("-M"); /* XXX ? */
2648 forbid_setid("-m"); /* XXX ? */
2653 /* -M-foo == 'no foo' */
2654 if (*s == '-') { use = "no "; ++s; }
2655 sv = newSVpv(use,0);
2657 /* We allow -M'Module qw(Foo Bar)' */
2658 while(isALNUM(*s) || *s==':') ++s;
2660 sv_catpv(sv, start);
2661 if (*(start-1) == 'm') {
2663 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't use '%c' after -mname", *s);
2664 sv_catpv( sv, " ()");
2668 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Module name required with -%c option",
2670 sv_catpvn(sv, start, s-start);
2671 sv_catpv(sv, " split(/,/,q");
2672 sv_catpvn(sv, "\0)", 1); /* Use NUL as q//-delimiter. */
2674 sv_catpvn(sv, "\0)", 2);
2678 PL_preambleav = newAV();
2679 av_push(PL_preambleav, sv);
2682 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Missing argument to -%c", *(s-1));
2694 PL_doswitches = TRUE;
2708 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
2709 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Believe me, you don't want to use \"-u\" on a Macintosh");
2711 PL_do_undump = TRUE;
2719 if (!sv_derived_from(PL_patchlevel, "version"))
2720 (void *)upg_version(PL_patchlevel);
2722 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2723 Perl_form(aTHX_ "\nThis is perl, v%_ built for %s",
2724 vstringify(PL_patchlevel),
2727 /* Adjust verbose output as in the perl that ships with the DG/UX OS from EMC */
2728 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2729 Perl_form(aTHX_ "\nThis is perl, v%_\n",
2730 vstringify(PL_patchlevel)));
2731 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2732 Perl_form(aTHX_ " built under %s at %s %s\n",
2733 OSNAME, __DATE__, __TIME__));
2734 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2735 Perl_form(aTHX_ " OS Specific Release: %s\n",
2739 #if defined(LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT)
2740 if (LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT > 0)
2741 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2742 "\n(with %d registered patch%s, "
2743 "see perl -V for more detail)",
2744 (int)LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT,
2745 (LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT!=1) ? "es" : "");
2748 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2749 "\n\nCopyright 1987-2004, Larry Wall\n");
2750 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
2751 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2752 "\nMac OS port Copyright 1991-2002, Matthias Neeracher;\n"
2753 "maintained by Chris Nandor\n");
2756 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2757 "\nMS-DOS port Copyright (c) 1989, 1990, Diomidis Spinellis\n");
2760 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2761 "djgpp v2 port (jpl5003c) by Hirofumi Watanabe, 1996\n"
2762 "djgpp v2 port (perl5004+) by Laszlo Molnar, 1997-1999\n");
2765 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2766 "\n\nOS/2 port Copyright (c) 1990, 1991, Raymond Chen, Kai Uwe Rommel\n"
2767 "Version 5 port Copyright (c) 1994-2002, Andreas Kaiser, Ilya Zakharevich\n");
2770 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2771 "atariST series port, ++jrb bammi@cadence.com\n");
2774 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2775 "BeOS port Copyright Tom Spindler, 1997-1999\n");
2778 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2779 "MPE/iX port Copyright by Mark Klein and Mark Bixby, 1996-2003\n");
2782 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2783 "MVS (OS390) port by Mortice Kern Systems, 1997-1999\n");
2786 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2787 "Stratus VOS port by Paul.Green@stratus.com, 1997-2002\n");
2790 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2791 "VM/ESA port by Neale Ferguson, 1998-1999\n");
2794 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2795 "BS2000 (POSIX) port by Start Amadeus GmbH, 1998-1999\n");
2798 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2799 "MiNT port by Guido Flohr, 1997-1999\n");
2802 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2803 "EPOC port by Olaf Flebbe, 1999-2002\n");
2806 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),"WINCE port by Rainer Keuchel, 2001-2002\n");
2807 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),"Built on " __DATE__ " " __TIME__ "\n\n");
2810 #ifdef BINARY_BUILD_NOTICE
2811 BINARY_BUILD_NOTICE;
2813 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2815 Perl may be copied only under the terms of either the Artistic License or the\n\
2816 GNU General Public License, which may be found in the Perl 5 source kit.\n\n\
2817 Complete documentation for Perl, including FAQ lists, should be found on\n\
2818 this system using `man perl' or `perldoc perl'. If you have access to the\n\
2819 Internet, point your browser at http://www.perl.org/, the Perl Home Page.\n\n");
2822 if (! (PL_dowarn & G_WARN_ALL_MASK))
2823 PL_dowarn |= G_WARN_ON;
2827 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_ALL_ON|G_WARN_ON;
2828 if (!specialWARN(PL_compiling.cop_warnings))
2829 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compiling.cop_warnings);
2830 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = pWARN_ALL ;
2834 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_ALL_OFF;
2835 if (!specialWARN(PL_compiling.cop_warnings))
2836 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compiling.cop_warnings);
2837 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = pWARN_NONE ;
2842 if (s[1] == '-') /* Additional switches on #! line. */
2847 #if defined(WIN32) || !defined(PERL_STRICT_CR)
2853 #ifdef ALTERNATE_SHEBANG
2854 case 'S': /* OS/2 needs -S on "extproc" line. */
2862 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't emulate -%.1s on #! line",s);
2867 /* compliments of Tom Christiansen */
2869 /* unexec() can be found in the Gnu emacs distribution */
2870 /* Known to work with -DUNEXEC and using unexelf.c from GNU emacs-20.2 */
2873 Perl_my_unexec(pTHX)
2881 prog = newSVpv(BIN_EXP, 0);
2882 sv_catpv(prog, "/perl");
2883 file = newSVpv(PL_origfilename, 0);
2884 sv_catpv(file, ".perldump");
2886 unexec(SvPVX(file), SvPVX(prog), &etext, sbrk(0), 0);
2887 /* unexec prints msg to stderr in case of failure */
2888 PerlProc_exit(status);
2891 # include <lib$routines.h>
2892 lib$signal(SS$_DEBUG); /* ssdef.h #included from vmsish.h */
2894 ABORT(); /* for use with undump */
2899 /* initialize curinterp */
2905 # define PERLVAR(var,type)
2906 # define PERLVARA(var,n,type)
2907 # if defined(PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT)
2908 # if defined(USE_5005THREADS)
2909 # define PERLVARI(var,type,init) PERL_GET_INTERP->var = init;
2910 # define PERLVARIC(var,type,init) PERL_GET_INTERP->var = init;
2911 # else /* !USE_5005THREADS */
2912 # define PERLVARI(var,type,init) aTHX->var = init;
2913 # define PERLVARIC(var,type,init) aTHX->var = init;
2914 # endif /* USE_5005THREADS */
2916 # define PERLVARI(var,type,init) PERL_GET_INTERP->var = init;
2917 # define PERLVARIC(var,type,init) PERL_GET_INTERP->var = init;
2919 # include "intrpvar.h"
2920 # ifndef USE_5005THREADS
2921 # include "thrdvar.h"
2928 # define PERLVAR(var,type)
2929 # define PERLVARA(var,n,type)
2930 # define PERLVARI(var,type,init) PL_##var = init;
2931 # define PERLVARIC(var,type,init) PL_##var = init;
2932 # include "intrpvar.h"
2933 # ifndef USE_5005THREADS
2934 # include "thrdvar.h"
2945 S_init_main_stash(pTHX)
2949 PL_curstash = PL_defstash = newHV();
2950 PL_curstname = newSVpvn("main",4);
2951 gv = gv_fetchpv("main::",TRUE, SVt_PVHV);
2952 SvREFCNT_dec(GvHV(gv));
2953 GvHV(gv) = (HV*)SvREFCNT_inc(PL_defstash);
2955 HvNAME(PL_defstash) = savepv("main");
2956 PL_incgv = gv_HVadd(gv_AVadd(gv_fetchpv("INC",TRUE, SVt_PVAV)));
2957 GvMULTI_on(PL_incgv);
2958 PL_hintgv = gv_fetchpv("\010",TRUE, SVt_PV); /* ^H */
2959 GvMULTI_on(PL_hintgv);
2960 PL_defgv = gv_fetchpv("_",TRUE, SVt_PVAV);
2961 PL_errgv = gv_HVadd(gv_fetchpv("@", TRUE, SVt_PV));
2962 GvMULTI_on(PL_errgv);
2963 PL_replgv = gv_fetchpv("\022", TRUE, SVt_PV); /* ^R */
2964 GvMULTI_on(PL_replgv);
2965 (void)Perl_form(aTHX_ "%240s",""); /* Preallocate temp - for immediate signals. */
2966 sv_grow(ERRSV, 240); /* Preallocate - for immediate signals. */
2967 sv_setpvn(ERRSV, "", 0);
2968 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
2969 CopSTASH_set(&PL_compiling, PL_defstash);
2970 PL_debstash = GvHV(gv_fetchpv("DB::", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV));
2971 PL_globalstash = GvHV(gv_fetchpv("CORE::GLOBAL::", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV));
2972 /* We must init $/ before switches are processed. */
2973 sv_setpvn(get_sv("/", TRUE), "\n", 1);
2976 /* PSz 18 Nov 03 fdscript now global but do not change prototype */
2978 S_open_script(pTHX_ char *scriptname, bool dosearch, SV *sv)
2983 char *cpp_discard_flag;
2991 PL_origfilename = savepv("-e");
2994 /* if find_script() returns, it returns a malloc()-ed value */
2995 PL_origfilename = scriptname = find_script(scriptname, dosearch, NULL, 1);
2997 if (strnEQ(scriptname, "/dev/fd/", 8) && isDIGIT(scriptname[8]) ) {
2998 char *s = scriptname + 8;
2999 PL_fdscript = atoi(s);
3004 * Tell apart "normal" usage of fdscript, e.g.
3005 * with bash on FreeBSD:
3006 * perl <( echo '#!perl -DA'; echo 'print "$0\n"')
3007 * from usage in suidperl.
3008 * Does any "normal" usage leave garbage after the number???
3009 * Is it a mistake to use a similar /dev/fd/ construct for
3014 * Be supersafe and do some sanity-checks.
3015 * Still, can we be sure we got the right thing?
3018 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Wrong syntax (suid) fd script name \"%s\"\n", s);
3021 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Missing (suid) fd script name\n");
3023 scriptname = savepv(s + 1);
3024 Safefree(PL_origfilename);
3025 PL_origfilename = scriptname;
3030 CopFILE_free(PL_curcop);
3031 CopFILE_set(PL_curcop, PL_origfilename);
3032 if (strEQ(PL_origfilename,"-"))
3034 if (PL_fdscript >= 0) {
3035 PL_rsfp = PerlIO_fdopen(PL_fdscript,PERL_SCRIPT_MODE);
3036 # if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
3038 /* ensure close-on-exec */
3039 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),F_SETFD,1);
3044 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "sperl needs fd script\n"
3045 "You should not call sperl directly; do you need to "
3046 "change a #! line\nfrom sperl to perl?\n");
3049 * Do not open (or do other fancy stuff) while setuid.
3050 * Perl does the open, and hands script to suidperl on a fd;
3051 * suidperl only does some checks, sets up UIDs and re-execs
3052 * perl with that fd as it has always done.
3055 if (PL_suidscript != 1) {
3056 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "suidperl needs (suid) fd script\n");
3059 else if (PL_preprocess) {
3060 char *cpp_cfg = CPPSTDIN;
3061 SV *cpp = newSVpvn("",0);
3062 SV *cmd = NEWSV(0,0);
3064 if (cpp_cfg[0] == 0) /* PERL_MICRO? */
3065 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't run with cpp -P with CPPSTDIN undefined");
3066 if (strEQ(cpp_cfg, "cppstdin"))
3067 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ cpp, "%s/", BIN_EXP);
3068 sv_catpv(cpp, cpp_cfg);
3071 sv_catpvn(sv, "-I", 2);
3072 sv_catpv(sv,PRIVLIB_EXP);
3075 DEBUG_P(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
3076 "PL_preprocess: scriptname=\"%s\", cpp=\"%s\", sv=\"%s\", CPPMINUS=\"%s\"\n",
3077 scriptname, SvPVX (cpp), SvPVX (sv), CPPMINUS));
3079 # if defined(MSDOS) || defined(WIN32) || defined(VMS)
3086 cpp_discard_flag = "";
3088 cpp_discard_flag = "-C";
3092 perl = os2_execname(aTHX);
3094 perl = PL_origargv[0];
3098 /* This strips off Perl comments which might interfere with
3099 the C pre-processor, including #!. #line directives are
3100 deliberately stripped to avoid confusion with Perl's version
3101 of #line. FWP played some golf with it so it will fit
3102 into VMS's 255 character buffer.
3105 code = "(1../^#!.*perl/i)|/^\\s*#(?!\\s*((ifn?|un)def|(el|end)?if|define|include|else|error|pragma)\\b)/||!($|=1)||print";
3107 code = "/^\\s*#(?!\\s*((ifn?|un)def|(el|end)?if|define|include|else|error|pragma)\\b)/||!($|=1)||print";
3109 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ cmd, "\
3110 %s -ne%s%s%s %s | %"SVf" %s %"SVf" %s",
3111 perl, quote, code, quote, scriptname, cpp,
3112 cpp_discard_flag, sv, CPPMINUS);
3114 PL_doextract = FALSE;
3116 DEBUG_P(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
3117 "PL_preprocess: cmd=\"%s\"\n",
3120 PL_rsfp = PerlProc_popen(SvPVX(cmd), "r");
3124 else if (!*scriptname) {
3125 forbid_setid("program input from stdin");
3126 PL_rsfp = PerlIO_stdin();
3129 PL_rsfp = PerlIO_open(scriptname,PERL_SCRIPT_MODE);
3130 # if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
3132 /* ensure close-on-exec */
3133 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),F_SETFD,1);
3136 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3138 /* PSz 16 Sep 03 Keep neat error message */
3139 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't open perl script \"%s\": %s\n",
3140 CopFILE(PL_curcop), Strerror(errno));
3145 * I_SYSSTATVFS HAS_FSTATVFS
3147 * I_STATFS HAS_FSTATFS HAS_GETFSSTAT
3148 * I_MNTENT HAS_GETMNTENT HAS_HASMNTOPT
3149 * here so that metaconfig picks them up. */
3153 S_fd_on_nosuid_fs(pTHX_ int fd)
3156 * We used to do this as "plain" user (after swapping UIDs with setreuid);
3157 * but is needed also on machines without setreuid.
3158 * Seems safe enough to run as root.
3160 int check_okay = 0; /* able to do all the required sys/libcalls */
3161 int on_nosuid = 0; /* the fd is on a nosuid fs */
3163 * Need to check noexec also: nosuid might not be set, the average
3164 * sysadmin would say that nosuid is irrelevant once he sets noexec.
3166 int on_noexec = 0; /* the fd is on a noexec fs */
3169 * Preferred order: fstatvfs(), fstatfs(), ustat()+getmnt(), getmntent().
3170 * fstatvfs() is UNIX98.
3171 * fstatfs() is 4.3 BSD.
3172 * ustat()+getmnt() is pre-4.3 BSD.
3173 * getmntent() is O(number-of-mounted-filesystems) and can hang on
3174 * an irrelevant filesystem while trying to reach the right one.
3177 #undef FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY /* found the syscalls to do the check? */
3179 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3180 defined(HAS_FSTATVFS)
3181 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3182 struct statvfs stfs;
3184 check_okay = fstatvfs(fd, &stfs) == 0;
3185 on_nosuid = check_okay && (stfs.f_flag & ST_NOSUID);
3187 /* ST_NOEXEC certainly absent on AIX 5.1, and doesn't seem to be documented
3188 on platforms where it is present. */
3189 on_noexec = check_okay && (stfs.f_flag & ST_NOEXEC);
3191 # endif /* fstatvfs */
3193 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3194 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID) && \
3195 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC) && \
3196 defined(HAS_FSTATFS) && \
3197 defined(HAS_STRUCT_STATFS) && \
3198 defined(HAS_STRUCT_STATFS_F_FLAGS)
3199 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3202 check_okay = fstatfs(fd, &stfs) == 0;
3203 on_nosuid = check_okay && (stfs.f_flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID);
3204 on_noexec = check_okay && (stfs.f_flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC);
3205 # endif /* fstatfs */
3207 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3208 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID) && \
3209 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC) && \
3210 defined(HAS_FSTAT) && \
3211 defined(HAS_USTAT) && \
3212 defined(HAS_GETMNT) && \
3213 defined(HAS_STRUCT_FS_DATA) && \
3215 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3218 if (fstat(fd, &fdst) == 0) {
3220 if (ustat(fdst.st_dev, &us) == 0) {
3222 /* NOSTAT_ONE here because we're not examining fields which
3223 * vary between that case and STAT_ONE. */
3224 if (getmnt((int*)0, &fsd, (int)0, NOSTAT_ONE, us.f_fname) == 0) {
3225 size_t cmplen = sizeof(us.f_fname);
3226 if (sizeof(fsd.fd_req.path) < cmplen)
3227 cmplen = sizeof(fsd.fd_req.path);
3228 if (strnEQ(fsd.fd_req.path, us.f_fname, cmplen) &&
3229 fdst.st_dev == fsd.fd_req.dev) {
3231 on_nosuid = fsd.fd_req.flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID;
3232 on_noexec = fsd.fd_req.flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC;
3238 # endif /* fstat+ustat+getmnt */
3240 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3241 defined(HAS_GETMNTENT) && \
3242 defined(HAS_HASMNTOPT) && \
3243 defined(MNTOPT_NOSUID) && \
3244 defined(MNTOPT_NOEXEC)
3245 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3246 FILE *mtab = fopen("/etc/mtab", "r");
3247 struct mntent *entry;
3250 if (mtab && (fstat(fd, &stb) == 0)) {
3251 while (entry = getmntent(mtab)) {
3252 if (stat(entry->mnt_dir, &fsb) == 0
3253 && fsb.st_dev == stb.st_dev)
3255 /* found the filesystem */
3257 if (hasmntopt(entry, MNTOPT_NOSUID))
3259 if (hasmntopt(entry, MNTOPT_NOEXEC))
3262 } /* A single fs may well fail its stat(). */
3267 # endif /* getmntent+hasmntopt */
3270 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't check filesystem of script \"%s\" for nosuid/noexec", PL_origfilename);
3272 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script \"%s\" on nosuid filesystem", PL_origfilename);
3274 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script \"%s\" on noexec filesystem", PL_origfilename);
3275 return ((!check_okay) || on_nosuid || on_noexec);
3277 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3280 S_validate_suid(pTHX_ char *validarg, char *scriptname)
3284 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3286 /* do we need to emulate setuid on scripts? */
3288 /* This code is for those BSD systems that have setuid #! scripts disabled
3289 * in the kernel because of a security problem. Merely defining DOSUID
3290 * in perl will not fix that problem, but if you have disabled setuid
3291 * scripts in the kernel, this will attempt to emulate setuid and setgid
3292 * on scripts that have those now-otherwise-useless bits set. The setuid
3293 * root version must be called suidperl or sperlN.NNN. If regular perl
3294 * discovers that it has opened a setuid script, it calls suidperl with
3295 * the same argv that it had. If suidperl finds that the script it has
3296 * just opened is NOT setuid root, it sets the effective uid back to the
3297 * uid. We don't just make perl setuid root because that loses the
3298 * effective uid we had before invoking perl, if it was different from the
3301 * Description/comments above do not match current workings:
3302 * suidperl must be hardlinked to sperlN.NNN (that is what we exec);
3303 * suidperl called with script open and name changed to /dev/fd/N/X;
3304 * suidperl croaks if script is not setuid;
3305 * making perl setuid would be a huge security risk (and yes, that
3306 * would lose any euid we might have had).
3308 * DOSUID must be defined in both perl and suidperl, and IAMSUID must
3309 * be defined in suidperl only. suidperl must be setuid root. The
3310 * Configure script will set this up for you if you want it.
3316 if (PerlLIO_fstat(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),&PL_statbuf) < 0) /* normal stat is insecure */
3317 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't stat script \"%s\"",PL_origfilename);
3318 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & (S_ISUID|S_ISGID)) {
3323 if (PL_fdscript < 0 || PL_suidscript != 1)
3324 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Need (suid) fdscript in suidperl\n"); /* We already checked this */
3326 * Since the script is opened by perl, not suidperl, some of these
3327 * checks are superfluous. Leaving them in probably does not lower
3331 * Do checks even for systems with no HAS_SETREUID.
3332 * We used to swap, then re-swap UIDs with
3334 if (setreuid(PL_euid,PL_uid) < 0
3335 || PerlProc_getuid() != PL_euid || PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_uid)
3336 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't swap uid and euid");
3339 if (setreuid(PL_uid,PL_euid) < 0
3340 || PerlProc_getuid() != PL_uid || PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_euid)
3341 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't reswap uid and euid");
3345 /* On this access check to make sure the directories are readable,
3346 * there is actually a small window that the user could use to make
3347 * filename point to an accessible directory. So there is a faint
3348 * chance that someone could execute a setuid script down in a
3349 * non-accessible directory. I don't know what to do about that.
3350 * But I don't think it's too important. The manual lies when
3351 * it says access() is useful in setuid programs.
3353 * So, access() is pretty useless... but not harmful... do anyway.
3355 if (PerlLIO_access(CopFILE(PL_curcop),1)) { /*double check*/
3356 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't access() script\n");
3359 /* If we can swap euid and uid, then we can determine access rights
3360 * with a simple stat of the file, and then compare device and
3361 * inode to make sure we did stat() on the same file we opened.
3362 * Then we just have to make sure he or she can execute it.
3365 * As the script is opened by perl, not suidperl, we do not need to
3366 * care much about access rights.
3368 * The 'script changed' check is needed, or we can get lied to
3369 * about $0 with e.g.
3370 * suidperl /dev/fd/4//bin/x 4<setuidscript
3371 * Without HAS_SETREUID, is it safe to stat() as root?
3373 * Are there any operating systems that pass /dev/fd/xxx for setuid
3374 * scripts, as suggested/described in perlsec(1)? Surely they do not
3375 * pass the script name as we do, so the "script changed" test would
3376 * fail for them... but we never get here with
3377 * SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW defined.
3379 * This is one place where we must "lie" about return status: not
3380 * say if the stat() failed. We are doing this as root, and could
3381 * be tricked into reporting existence or not of files that the
3382 * "plain" user cannot even see.
3386 if (PerlLIO_stat(CopFILE(PL_curcop),&tmpstatbuf) < 0 ||
3387 tmpstatbuf.st_dev != PL_statbuf.st_dev ||
3388 tmpstatbuf.st_ino != PL_statbuf.st_ino) {
3389 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script changed\n");
3393 if (!cando(S_IXUSR,FALSE,&PL_statbuf)) /* can real uid exec? */
3394 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Real UID cannot exec script\n");
3397 * We used to do this check as the "plain" user (after swapping
3398 * UIDs). But the check for nosuid and noexec filesystem is needed,
3399 * and should be done even without HAS_SETREUID. (Maybe those
3400 * operating systems do not have such mount options anyway...)
3401 * Seems safe enough to do as root.
3403 #if !defined(NO_NOSUID_CHECK)
3404 if (fd_on_nosuid_fs(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp))) {
3405 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script on nosuid or noexec filesystem\n");
3408 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3410 if (!S_ISREG(PL_statbuf.st_mode)) {
3411 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script not plain file\n");
3413 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_IWOTH)
3414 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid/gid script is writable by world");
3415 PL_doswitches = FALSE; /* -s is insecure in suid */
3416 /* PSz 13 Nov 03 But -s was caught elsewhere ... so unsetting it here is useless(?!) */
3417 CopLINE_inc(PL_curcop);
3418 if (sv_gets(PL_linestr, PL_rsfp, 0) == Nullch ||
3419 strnNE(SvPV(PL_linestr,n_a),"#!",2) ) /* required even on Sys V */
3420 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No #! line");
3421 s = SvPV(PL_linestr,n_a)+2;
3423 /* Sanity check on line length */
3424 if (strlen(s) < 1 || strlen(s) > 4000)
3425 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Very long #! line");
3426 /* Allow more than a single space after #! */
3427 while (isSPACE(*s)) s++;
3428 /* Sanity check on buffer end */
3429 while ((*s) && !isSPACE(*s)) s++;
3430 for (s2 = s; (s2 > SvPV(PL_linestr,n_a)+2 &&
3431 (isDIGIT(s2[-1]) || strchr("._-", s2[-1]))); s2--) ;
3432 /* Sanity check on buffer start */
3433 if ( (s2-4 < SvPV(PL_linestr,n_a)+2 || strnNE(s2-4,"perl",4)) &&
3434 (s-9 < SvPV(PL_linestr,n_a)+2 || strnNE(s-9,"perl",4)) )
3435 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Not a perl script");
3436 while (*s == ' ' || *s == '\t') s++;
3438 * #! arg must be what we saw above. They can invoke it by
3439 * mentioning suidperl explicitly, but they may not add any strange
3440 * arguments beyond what #! says if they do invoke suidperl that way.
3443 * The way validarg was set up, we rely on the kernel to start
3444 * scripts with argv[1] set to contain all #! line switches (the
3448 * Check that we got all the arguments listed in the #! line (not
3449 * just that there are no extraneous arguments). Might not matter
3450 * much, as switches from #! line seem to be acted upon (also), and
3451 * so may be checked and trapped in perl. But, security checks must
3452 * be done in suidperl and not deferred to perl. Note that suidperl
3453 * does not get around to parsing (and checking) the switches on
3454 * the #! line (but execs perl sooner).
3455 * Allow (require) a trailing newline (which may be of two
3456 * characters on some architectures?) (but no other trailing
3459 len = strlen(validarg);
3460 if (strEQ(validarg," PHOOEY ") ||
3461 strnNE(s,validarg,len) || !isSPACE(s[len]) ||
3462 !(strlen(s) == len+1 || (strlen(s) == len+2 && isSPACE(s[len+1]))))
3463 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Args must match #! line");
3466 if (PL_fdscript < 0 &&
3467 PL_euid != PL_uid && (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISUID) &&
3468 PL_euid == PL_statbuf.st_uid)
3470 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "YOU HAVEN'T DISABLED SET-ID SCRIPTS IN THE KERNEL YET!\n\
3471 FIX YOUR KERNEL, OR PUT A C WRAPPER AROUND THIS SCRIPT!\n");
3472 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3474 if (PL_fdscript < 0 &&
3475 PL_euid) { /* oops, we're not the setuid root perl */
3477 * When root runs a setuid script, we do not go through the same
3478 * steps of execing sperl and then perl with fd scripts, but
3479 * simply set up UIDs within the same perl invocation; so do
3480 * not have the same checks (on options, whatever) that we have
3481 * for plain users. No problem really: would have to be a script
3482 * that does not actually work for plain users; and if root is
3483 * foolish and can be persuaded to run such an unsafe script, he
3484 * might run also non-setuid ones, and deserves what he gets.
3486 * Or, we might drop the PL_euid check above (and rely just on
3487 * PL_fdscript to avoid loops), and do the execs
3493 * Pass fd script to suidperl.
3494 * Exec suidperl, substituting fd script for scriptname.
3495 * Pass script name as "subdir" of fd, which perl will grok;
3496 * in fact will use that to distinguish this from "normal"
3497 * usage, see comments above.
3499 PerlIO_rewind(PL_rsfp);
3500 PerlLIO_lseek(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),(Off_t)0,0); /* just in case rewind didn't */
3501 /* PSz 27 Feb 04 Sanity checks on scriptname */
3502 if ((!scriptname) || (!*scriptname) ) {
3503 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No setuid script name\n");
3505 if (*scriptname == '-') {
3506 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script name may not begin with dash\n");
3507 /* Or we might confuse it with an option when replacing
3508 * name in argument list, below (though we do pointer, not
3509 * string, comparisons).
3512 for (which = 1; PL_origargv[which] && PL_origargv[which] != scriptname; which++) ;
3513 if (!PL_origargv[which]) {
3514 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't change argv to have fd script\n");
3516 PL_origargv[which] = savepv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "/dev/fd/%d/%s",
3517 PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp), PL_origargv[which]));
3518 #if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
3519 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),F_SETFD,0); /* ensure no close-on-exec */
3522 PerlProc_execv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "%s/sperl"PERL_FS_VER_FMT, BIN_EXP,
3523 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
3524 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION), PL_origargv);
3526 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3527 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do setuid (cannot exec sperl)\n");
3530 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISGID && PL_statbuf.st_gid != PL_egid) {
3532 * This seems back to front: we try HAS_SETEGID first; if not available
3533 * then try HAS_SETREGID; as a last chance we try HAS_SETRESGID. May be OK
3534 * in the sense that we only want to set EGID; but are there any machines
3535 * with either of the latter, but not the former? Same with UID, later.
3538 (void)setegid(PL_statbuf.st_gid);
3541 (void)setregid((Gid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_gid);
3543 #ifdef HAS_SETRESGID
3544 (void)setresgid((Gid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_gid,(Gid_t)-1);
3546 PerlProc_setgid(PL_statbuf.st_gid);
3550 if (PerlProc_getegid() != PL_statbuf.st_gid)
3551 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do setegid!\n");
3553 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISUID) {
3554 if (PL_statbuf.st_uid != PL_euid)
3556 (void)seteuid(PL_statbuf.st_uid); /* all that for this */
3559 (void)setreuid((Uid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_uid);
3561 #ifdef HAS_SETRESUID
3562 (void)setresuid((Uid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_uid,(Uid_t)-1);
3564 PerlProc_setuid(PL_statbuf.st_uid);
3568 if (PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_statbuf.st_uid)
3569 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do seteuid!\n");
3571 else if (PL_uid) { /* oops, mustn't run as root */
3573 (void)seteuid((Uid_t)PL_uid);
3576 (void)setreuid((Uid_t)-1,(Uid_t)PL_uid);
3578 #ifdef HAS_SETRESUID
3579 (void)setresuid((Uid_t)-1,(Uid_t)PL_uid,(Uid_t)-1);
3581 PerlProc_setuid((Uid_t)PL_uid);
3585 if (PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_uid)
3586 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do seteuid!\n");
3589 if (!cando(S_IXUSR,TRUE,&PL_statbuf))
3590 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Effective UID cannot exec script\n"); /* they can't do this */
3593 else if (PL_preprocess) /* PSz 13 Nov 03 Caught elsewhere, useless(?!) here */
3594 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "-P not allowed for setuid/setgid script\n");
3595 else if (PL_fdscript < 0 || PL_suidscript != 1)
3596 /* PSz 13 Nov 03 Caught elsewhere, useless(?!) here */
3597 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "(suid) fdscript needed in suidperl\n");
3599 /* PSz 16 Sep 03 Keep neat error message */
3600 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Script is not setuid/setgid in suidperl\n");
3603 /* We absolutely must clear out any saved ids here, so we */
3604 /* exec the real perl, substituting fd script for scriptname. */
3605 /* (We pass script name as "subdir" of fd, which perl will grok.) */
3607 * It might be thought that using setresgid and/or setresuid (changed to
3608 * set the saved IDs) above might obviate the need to exec, and we could
3609 * go on to "do the perl thing".
3611 * Is there such a thing as "saved GID", and is that set for setuid (but
3612 * not setgid) execution like suidperl? Without exec, it would not be
3613 * cleared for setuid (but not setgid) scripts (or might need a dummy
3616 * We need suidperl to do the exact same argument checking that perl
3617 * does. Thus it cannot be very small; while it could be significantly
3618 * smaller, it is safer (simpler?) to make it essentially the same
3619 * binary as perl (but they are not identical). - Maybe could defer that
3620 * check to the invoked perl, and suidperl be a tiny wrapper instead;
3621 * but prefer to do thorough checks in suidperl itself. Such deferral
3622 * would make suidperl security rely on perl, a design no-no.
3624 * Setuid things should be short and simple, thus easy to understand and
3625 * verify. They should do their "own thing", without influence by
3626 * attackers. It may help if their internal execution flow is fixed,
3627 * regardless of platform: it may be best to exec anyway.
3629 * Suidperl should at least be conceptually simple: a wrapper only,
3630 * never to do any real perl. Maybe we should put
3632 * Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Suidperl should never do real perl\n");
3634 * into the perly bits.
3636 PerlIO_rewind(PL_rsfp);
3637 PerlLIO_lseek(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),(Off_t)0,0); /* just in case rewind didn't */
3639 * Keep original arguments: suidperl already has fd script.
3641 /* for (which = 1; PL_origargv[which] && PL_origargv[which] != scriptname; which++) ; */
3642 /* if (!PL_origargv[which]) { */
3643 /* errno = EPERM; */
3644 /* Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Permission denied\n"); */
3646 /* PL_origargv[which] = savepv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "/dev/fd/%d/%s", */
3647 /* PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp), PL_origargv[which])); */
3648 #if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
3649 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),F_SETFD,0); /* ensure no close-on-exec */
3652 PerlProc_execv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "%s/perl"PERL_FS_VER_FMT, BIN_EXP,
3653 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
3654 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION), PL_origargv);/* try again */
3656 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do setuid (suidperl cannot exec perl)\n");
3657 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3659 if (PL_euid != PL_uid || PL_egid != PL_gid) { /* (suidperl doesn't exist, in fact) */
3660 #ifndef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
3661 PerlLIO_fstat(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),&PL_statbuf); /* may be either wrapped or real suid */
3662 if ((PL_euid != PL_uid && PL_euid == PL_statbuf.st_uid && PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISUID)
3664 (PL_egid != PL_gid && PL_egid == PL_statbuf.st_gid && PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISGID)
3667 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "YOU HAVEN'T DISABLED SET-ID SCRIPTS IN THE KERNEL YET!\n\
3668 FIX YOUR KERNEL, PUT A C WRAPPER AROUND THIS SCRIPT, OR USE -u AND UNDUMP!\n");
3669 #endif /* SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW */
3670 /* not set-id, must be wrapped */
3676 S_find_beginning(pTHX)
3678 register char *s, *s2;
3679 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
3683 /* skip forward in input to the real script? */
3686 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
3687 /* Since the Mac OS does not honor #! arguments for us, we do it ourselves */
3689 while (PL_doextract || gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract) {
3690 if ((s = sv_gets(PL_linestr, PL_rsfp, 0)) == Nullch) {
3691 if (!gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract)
3692 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No Perl script found in input\n");
3694 if (PL_doextract) /* require explicit override ? */
3695 if (!OverrideExtract(PL_origfilename))
3696 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "User aborted script\n");
3698 PL_doextract = FALSE;
3700 /* Pater peccavi, file does not have #! */
3701 PerlIO_rewind(PL_rsfp);
3706 while (PL_doextract) {
3707 if ((s = sv_gets(PL_linestr, PL_rsfp, 0)) == Nullch)
3708 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No Perl script found in input\n");
3711 if (*s == '#' && s[1] == '!' && ((s = instr(s,"perl")) || (s = instr(s2,"PERL")))) {
3712 PerlIO_ungetc(PL_rsfp, '\n'); /* to keep line count right */
3713 PL_doextract = FALSE;
3714 while (*s && !(isSPACE (*s) || *s == '#')) s++;
3716 while (*s == ' ' || *s == '\t') s++;
3718 while (isDIGIT(s2[-1]) || strchr("-._", s2[-1])) s2--;
3719 if (strnEQ(s2-4,"perl",4))
3721 while ((s = moreswitches(s)))
3724 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
3725 /* We are always searching for the #!perl line in MacPerl,
3726 * so if we find it, still keep the line count correct
3727 * by counting lines we already skipped over
3729 for (; maclines > 0 ; maclines--)
3730 PerlIO_ungetc(PL_rsfp, '\n');
3734 /* gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract is false in MPW tool */
3735 } else if (gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract) {
3746 PL_uid = PerlProc_getuid();
3747 PL_euid = PerlProc_geteuid();
3748 PL_gid = PerlProc_getgid();
3749 PL_egid = PerlProc_getegid();
3751 PL_uid |= PL_gid << 16;
3752 PL_euid |= PL_egid << 16;
3754 /* Should not happen: */
3755 CHECK_MALLOC_TAINT(PL_uid && (PL_euid != PL_uid || PL_egid != PL_gid));
3756 PL_tainting |= (PL_uid && (PL_euid != PL_uid || PL_egid != PL_gid));
3759 * Should go by suidscript, not uid!=euid: why disallow
3760 * system("ls") in scripts run from setuid things?
3761 * Or, is this run before we check arguments and set suidscript?
3762 * What about SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW: could we use fdscript then?
3763 * (We never have suidscript, can we be sure to have fdscript?)
3764 * Or must then go by UID checks? See comments in forbid_setid also.
3768 /* This is used very early in the lifetime of the program,
3769 * before even the options are parsed, so PL_tainting has
3770 * not been initialized properly. */
3772 Perl_doing_taint(int argc, char *argv[], char *envp[])
3774 #ifndef PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
3775 /* If we have PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS we can't call getuid() et alia
3776 * before we have an interpreter-- and the whole point of this
3777 * function is to be called at such an early stage. If you are on
3778 * a system with PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS but you do have a concept of
3779 * "tainted because running with altered effective ids', you'll
3780 * have to add your own checks somewhere in here. The two most
3781 * known samples of 'implicitness' are Win32 and NetWare, neither
3782 * of which has much of concept of 'uids'. */
3783 int uid = PerlProc_getuid();
3784 int euid = PerlProc_geteuid();
3785 int gid = PerlProc_getgid();
3786 int egid = PerlProc_getegid();
3792 if (uid && (euid != uid || egid != gid))
3794 #endif /* !PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS */
3795 /* This is a really primitive check; environment gets ignored only
3796 * if -T are the first chars together; otherwise one gets
3797 * "Too late" message. */
3798 if ( argc > 1 && argv[1][0] == '-'
3799 && (argv[1][1] == 't' || argv[1][1] == 'T') )
3805 S_forbid_setid(pTHX_ char *s)
3807 #ifdef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
3808 if (PL_euid != PL_uid)
3809 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed while running setuid", s);
3810 if (PL_egid != PL_gid)
3811 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed while running setgid", s);
3812 #endif /* SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW */
3814 * Checks for UID/GID above "wrong": why disallow
3815 * perl -e 'print "Hello\n"'
3816 * from within setuid things?? Simply drop them: replaced by
3817 * fdscript/suidscript and #ifdef IAMSUID checks below.
3819 * This may be too late for command-line switches. Will catch those on
3820 * the #! line, after finding the script name and setting up
3821 * fdscript/suidscript. Note that suidperl does not get around to
3822 * parsing (and checking) the switches on the #! line, but checks that
3823 * the two sets are identical.
3825 * With SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW, could we use fdscript, also or
3826 * instead, or would that be "too late"? (We never have suidscript, can
3827 * we be sure to have fdscript?)
3829 * Catch things with suidscript (in descendant of suidperl), even with
3830 * right UID/GID. Was already checked in suidperl, with #ifdef IAMSUID,
3831 * below; but I am paranoid.
3833 * Also see comments about root running a setuid script, elsewhere.
3835 if (PL_suidscript >= 0)
3836 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed with (suid) fdscript", s);
3838 /* PSz 11 Nov 03 Catch it in suidperl, always! */
3839 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed in suidperl", s);
3840 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3844 Perl_init_debugger(pTHX)
3846 HV *ostash = PL_curstash;
3848 PL_curstash = PL_debstash;
3849 PL_dbargs = GvAV(gv_AVadd((gv_fetchpv("DB::args", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVAV))));
3850 AvREAL_off(PL_dbargs);
3851 PL_DBgv = gv_fetchpv("DB::DB", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVGV);
3852 PL_DBline = gv_fetchpv("DB::dbline", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVAV);
3853 PL_DBsub = gv_HVadd(gv_fetchpv("DB::sub", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV));
3854 sv_upgrade(GvSV(PL_DBsub), SVt_IV); /* IVX accessed if PERLDB_SUB_NN */
3855 PL_DBsingle = GvSV((gv_fetchpv("DB::single", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
3856 sv_setiv(PL_DBsingle, 0);
3857 PL_DBtrace = GvSV((gv_fetchpv("DB::trace", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
3858 sv_setiv(PL_DBtrace, 0);
3859 PL_DBsignal = GvSV((gv_fetchpv("DB::signal", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
3860 sv_setiv(PL_DBsignal, 0);
3861 PL_DBassertion = GvSV((gv_fetchpv("DB::assertion", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
3862 sv_setiv(PL_DBassertion, 0);
3863 PL_curstash = ostash;
3866 #ifndef STRESS_REALLOC
3867 #define REASONABLE(size) (size)
3869 #define REASONABLE(size) (1) /* unreasonable */
3873 Perl_init_stacks(pTHX)
3875 /* start with 128-item stack and 8K cxstack */
3876 PL_curstackinfo = new_stackinfo(REASONABLE(128),
3877 REASONABLE(8192/sizeof(PERL_CONTEXT) - 1));
3878 PL_curstackinfo->si_type = PERLSI_MAIN;
3879 PL_curstack = PL_curstackinfo->si_stack;
3880 PL_mainstack = PL_curstack; /* remember in case we switch stacks */
3882 PL_stack_base = AvARRAY(PL_curstack);
3883 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base;
3884 PL_stack_max = PL_stack_base + AvMAX(PL_curstack);
3886 New(50,PL_tmps_stack,REASONABLE(128),SV*);
3889 PL_tmps_max = REASONABLE(128);
3891 New(54,PL_markstack,REASONABLE(32),I32);
3892 PL_markstack_ptr = PL_markstack;
3893 PL_markstack_max = PL_markstack + REASONABLE(32);
3897 New(54,PL_scopestack,REASONABLE(32),I32);
3898 PL_scopestack_ix = 0;
3899 PL_scopestack_max = REASONABLE(32);
3901 New(54,PL_savestack,REASONABLE(128),ANY);
3902 PL_savestack_ix = 0;
3903 PL_savestack_max = REASONABLE(128);
3911 while (PL_curstackinfo->si_next)
3912 PL_curstackinfo = PL_curstackinfo->si_next;
3913 while (PL_curstackinfo) {
3914 PERL_SI *p = PL_curstackinfo->si_prev;
3915 /* curstackinfo->si_stack got nuked by sv_free_arenas() */
3916 Safefree(PL_curstackinfo->si_cxstack);
3917 Safefree(PL_curstackinfo);
3918 PL_curstackinfo = p;
3920 Safefree(PL_tmps_stack);
3921 Safefree(PL_markstack);
3922 Safefree(PL_scopestack);
3923 Safefree(PL_savestack);
3932 lex_start(PL_linestr);
3934 PL_subname = newSVpvn("main",4);
3938 S_init_predump_symbols(pTHX)
3943 sv_setpvn(get_sv("\"", TRUE), " ", 1);
3944 PL_stdingv = gv_fetchpv("STDIN",TRUE, SVt_PVIO);
3945 GvMULTI_on(PL_stdingv);
3946 io = GvIOp(PL_stdingv);
3947 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_RDONLY;
3948 IoIFP(io) = PerlIO_stdin();
3949 tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("stdin",TRUE, SVt_PV);
3951 GvIOp(tmpgv) = (IO*)SvREFCNT_inc(io);
3953 tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("STDOUT",TRUE, SVt_PVIO);
3956 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_WRONLY;
3957 IoOFP(io) = IoIFP(io) = PerlIO_stdout();
3959 tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("stdout",TRUE, SVt_PV);
3961 GvIOp(tmpgv) = (IO*)SvREFCNT_inc(io);
3963 PL_stderrgv = gv_fetchpv("STDERR",TRUE, SVt_PVIO);
3964 GvMULTI_on(PL_stderrgv);
3965 io = GvIOp(PL_stderrgv);
3966 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_WRONLY;
3967 IoOFP(io) = IoIFP(io) = PerlIO_stderr();
3968 tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("stderr",TRUE, SVt_PV);
3970 GvIOp(tmpgv) = (IO*)SvREFCNT_inc(io);
3972 PL_statname = NEWSV(66,0); /* last filename we did stat on */
3975 Safefree(PL_osname);
3976 PL_osname = savepv(OSNAME);
3980 Perl_init_argv_symbols(pTHX_ register int argc, register char **argv)
3983 argc--,argv++; /* skip name of script */
3984 if (PL_doswitches) {
3985 for (; argc > 0 && **argv == '-'; argc--,argv++) {
3988 if (argv[0][1] == '-' && !argv[0][2]) {
3992 if ((s = strchr(argv[0], '='))) {
3994 sv_setpv(GvSV(gv_fetchpv(argv[0]+1,TRUE, SVt_PV)),s);
3997 sv_setiv(GvSV(gv_fetchpv(argv[0]+1,TRUE, SVt_PV)),1);
4000 if ((PL_argvgv = gv_fetchpv("ARGV",TRUE, SVt_PVAV))) {
4001 GvMULTI_on(PL_argvgv);
4002 (void)gv_AVadd(PL_argvgv);
4003 av_clear(GvAVn(PL_argvgv));
4004 for (; argc > 0; argc--,argv++) {
4005 SV *sv = newSVpv(argv[0],0);
4006 av_push(GvAVn(PL_argvgv),sv);
4007 if (!(PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_LOCALE_FLAG) || PL_utf8locale) {
4008 if (PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_ARGV_FLAG)
4011 if (PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_WIDESYSCALLS_FLAG) /* Sarathy? */
4012 (void)sv_utf8_decode(sv);
4017 #ifdef HAS_PROCSELFEXE
4018 /* This is a function so that we don't hold on to MAXPATHLEN
4019 bytes of stack longer than necessary
4022 S_procself_val(pTHX_ SV *sv, char *arg0)
4024 char buf[MAXPATHLEN];
4025 int len = readlink(PROCSELFEXE_PATH, buf, sizeof(buf) - 1);
4027 /* On Playstation2 Linux V1.0 (kernel 2.2.1) readlink(/proc/self/exe)
4028 includes a spurious NUL which will cause $^X to fail in system
4029 or backticks (this will prevent extensions from being built and
4030 many tests from working). readlink is not meant to add a NUL.
4031 Normal readlink works fine.
4033 if (len > 0 && buf[len-1] == '\0') {
4037 /* FreeBSD's implementation is acknowledged to be imperfect, sometimes
4038 returning the text "unknown" from the readlink rather than the path
4039 to the executable (or returning an error from the readlink). Any valid
4040 path has a '/' in it somewhere, so use that to validate the result.
4041 See http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/query-pr.cgi?pr=35703
4043 if (len > 0 && memchr(buf, '/', len)) {
4044 sv_setpvn(sv,buf,len);
4050 #endif /* HAS_PROCSELFEXE */
4053 S_init_postdump_symbols(pTHX_ register int argc, register char **argv, register char **env)
4059 PL_toptarget = NEWSV(0,0);
4060 sv_upgrade(PL_toptarget, SVt_PVFM);
4061 sv_setpvn(PL_toptarget, "", 0);
4062 PL_bodytarget = NEWSV(0,0);
4063 sv_upgrade(PL_bodytarget, SVt_PVFM);
4064 sv_setpvn(PL_bodytarget, "", 0);
4065 PL_formtarget = PL_bodytarget;
4069 init_argv_symbols(argc,argv);
4071 if ((tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("0",TRUE, SVt_PV))) {
4072 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4073 /* $0 is not majick on a Mac */
4074 sv_setpv(GvSV(tmpgv),MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
4076 sv_setpv(GvSV(tmpgv),PL_origfilename);
4077 magicname("0", "0", 1);
4080 if ((tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("\030",TRUE, SVt_PV))) {/* $^X */
4081 #ifdef HAS_PROCSELFEXE
4082 S_procself_val(aTHX_ GvSV(tmpgv), PL_origargv[0]);
4085 sv_setpv(GvSV(tmpgv), os2_execname(aTHX));
4087 sv_setpv(GvSV(tmpgv),PL_origargv[0]);
4091 if ((PL_envgv = gv_fetchpv("ENV",TRUE, SVt_PVHV))) {
4093 GvMULTI_on(PL_envgv);
4094 hv = GvHVn(PL_envgv);
4095 hv_magic(hv, Nullgv, PERL_MAGIC_env);
4097 #ifdef USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY
4098 /* Note that if the supplied env parameter is actually a copy
4099 of the global environ then it may now point to free'd memory
4100 if the environment has been modified since. To avoid this
4101 problem we treat env==NULL as meaning 'use the default'
4106 # ifdef USE_ITHREADS
4107 && PL_curinterp == aTHX
4111 environ[0] = Nullch;
4114 char** origenv = environ;
4115 for (; *env; env++) {
4116 if (!(s = strchr(*env,'=')) || s == *env)
4118 #if defined(MSDOS) && !defined(DJGPP)
4123 sv = newSVpv(s+1, 0);
4124 (void)hv_store(hv, *env, s - *env, sv, 0);
4127 if (origenv != environ) {
4128 /* realloc has shifted us */
4129 env = (env - origenv) + environ;
4134 #endif /* USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY */
4135 #endif /* !PERL_MICRO */
4138 if ((tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("$",TRUE, SVt_PV))) {
4139 SvREADONLY_off(GvSV(tmpgv));
4140 sv_setiv(GvSV(tmpgv), (IV)PerlProc_getpid());
4141 SvREADONLY_on(GvSV(tmpgv));
4143 #ifdef THREADS_HAVE_PIDS
4144 PL_ppid = (IV)getppid();
4147 /* touch @F array to prevent spurious warnings 20020415 MJD */
4149 (void) get_av("main::F", TRUE | GV_ADDMULTI);
4151 /* touch @- and @+ arrays to prevent spurious warnings 20020415 MJD */
4152 (void) get_av("main::-", TRUE | GV_ADDMULTI);
4153 (void) get_av("main::+", TRUE | GV_ADDMULTI);
4157 S_init_perllib(pTHX)
4162 s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL5LIB");
4164 incpush(s, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
4166 incpush(PerlEnv_getenv("PERLLIB"), FALSE, FALSE, TRUE);
4168 /* Treat PERL5?LIB as a possible search list logical name -- the
4169 * "natural" VMS idiom for a Unix path string. We allow each
4170 * element to be a set of |-separated directories for compatibility.
4174 if (my_trnlnm("PERL5LIB",buf,0))
4175 do { incpush(buf,TRUE,TRUE,TRUE); } while (my_trnlnm("PERL5LIB",buf,++idx));
4177 while (my_trnlnm("PERLLIB",buf,idx++)) incpush(buf,FALSE,FALSE,TRUE);
4181 /* Use the ~-expanded versions of APPLLIB (undocumented),
4182 ARCHLIB PRIVLIB SITEARCH SITELIB VENDORARCH and VENDORLIB
4185 incpush(APPLLIB_EXP, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
4189 incpush(ARCHLIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE);
4191 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4194 SV * privdir = NEWSV(55, 0);
4195 char * macperl = PerlEnv_getenv("MACPERL");
4200 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ privdir, "%slib:", macperl);
4201 if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX(privdir), &tmpstatbuf) >= 0 && S_ISDIR(tmpstatbuf.st_mode))
4202 incpush(SvPVX(privdir), TRUE, FALSE, TRUE);
4203 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ privdir, "%ssite_perl:", macperl);
4204 if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX(privdir), &tmpstatbuf) >= 0 && S_ISDIR(tmpstatbuf.st_mode))
4205 incpush(SvPVX(privdir), TRUE, FALSE, TRUE);
4207 SvREFCNT_dec(privdir);
4210 incpush(":", FALSE, FALSE, TRUE);
4213 # define PRIVLIB_EXP "/usr/local/lib/perl5:/usr/local/lib/perl"
4216 incpush(PRIVLIB_EXP, TRUE, FALSE, TRUE);
4218 incpush(PRIVLIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE);
4222 /* sitearch is always relative to sitelib on Windows for
4223 * DLL-based path intuition to work correctly */
4224 # if !defined(WIN32)
4225 incpush(SITEARCH_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE);
4231 /* this picks up sitearch as well */
4232 incpush(SITELIB_EXP, TRUE, FALSE, TRUE);
4234 incpush(SITELIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE);
4238 #ifdef SITELIB_STEM /* Search for version-specific dirs below here */
4239 incpush(SITELIB_STEM, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4242 #ifdef PERL_VENDORARCH_EXP
4243 /* vendorarch is always relative to vendorlib on Windows for
4244 * DLL-based path intuition to work correctly */
4245 # if !defined(WIN32)
4246 incpush(PERL_VENDORARCH_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE);
4250 #ifdef PERL_VENDORLIB_EXP
4252 incpush(PERL_VENDORLIB_EXP, TRUE, FALSE, TRUE); /* this picks up vendorarch as well */
4254 incpush(PERL_VENDORLIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE);
4258 #ifdef PERL_VENDORLIB_STEM /* Search for version-specific dirs below here */
4259 incpush(PERL_VENDORLIB_STEM, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4262 #ifdef PERL_OTHERLIBDIRS
4263 incpush(PERL_OTHERLIBDIRS, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
4267 incpush(".", FALSE, FALSE, TRUE);
4268 #endif /* MACOS_TRADITIONAL */
4271 #if defined(DOSISH) || defined(EPOC)
4272 # define PERLLIB_SEP ';'
4275 # define PERLLIB_SEP '|'
4277 # if defined(MACOS_TRADITIONAL)
4278 # define PERLLIB_SEP ','
4280 # define PERLLIB_SEP ':'
4284 #ifndef PERLLIB_MANGLE
4285 # define PERLLIB_MANGLE(s,n) (s)
4289 S_incpush(pTHX_ char *p, int addsubdirs, int addoldvers, int usesep)
4291 SV *subdir = Nullsv;
4296 if (addsubdirs || addoldvers) {
4297 subdir = sv_newmortal();
4300 /* Break at all separators */
4302 SV *libdir = NEWSV(55,0);
4305 /* skip any consecutive separators */
4307 while ( *p == PERLLIB_SEP ) {
4308 /* Uncomment the next line for PATH semantics */
4309 /* av_push(GvAVn(PL_incgv), newSVpvn(".", 1)); */
4314 if ( usesep && (s = strchr(p, PERLLIB_SEP)) != Nullch ) {
4315 sv_setpvn(libdir, PERLLIB_MANGLE(p, (STRLEN)(s - p)),
4320 sv_setpv(libdir, PERLLIB_MANGLE(p, 0));
4321 p = Nullch; /* break out */
4323 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4324 if (!strchr(SvPVX(libdir), ':')) {
4327 sv_setpv(libdir, MacPerl_CanonDir(SvPVX(libdir), buf, 0));
4329 if (SvPVX(libdir)[SvCUR(libdir)-1] != ':')
4330 sv_catpv(libdir, ":");
4334 * BEFORE pushing libdir onto @INC we may first push version- and
4335 * archname-specific sub-directories.
4337 if (addsubdirs || addoldvers) {
4338 #ifdef PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST
4339 /* Configure terminates PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST with a NULL */
4340 const char *incverlist[] = { PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST };
4341 const char **incver;
4348 if ((unix = tounixspec_ts(SvPV(libdir,len),Nullch)) != Nullch) {
4350 while (unix[len-1] == '/') len--; /* Cosmetic */
4351 sv_usepvn(libdir,unix,len);
4354 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log,
4355 "Failed to unixify @INC element \"%s\"\n",
4359 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4360 #define PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT ""
4361 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT "%s:"
4362 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH PERL_FS_VER_FMT PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT
4364 #define PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT "/"
4365 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT "/%s"
4366 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT PERL_FS_VER_FMT
4368 /* .../version/archname if -d .../version/archname */
4369 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH PERL_ARCH_FMT,
4371 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
4372 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION, ARCHNAME);
4373 if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX(subdir), &tmpstatbuf) >= 0 &&
4374 S_ISDIR(tmpstatbuf.st_mode))
4375 av_push(GvAVn(PL_incgv), newSVsv(subdir));
4377 /* .../version if -d .../version */
4378 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH, libdir,
4379 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
4380 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION);
4381 if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX(subdir), &tmpstatbuf) >= 0 &&
4382 S_ISDIR(tmpstatbuf.st_mode))
4383 av_push(GvAVn(PL_incgv), newSVsv(subdir));
4385 /* .../archname if -d .../archname */
4386 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT, libdir, ARCHNAME);
4387 if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX(subdir), &tmpstatbuf) >= 0 &&
4388 S_ISDIR(tmpstatbuf.st_mode))
4389 av_push(GvAVn(PL_incgv), newSVsv(subdir));
4392 #ifdef PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST
4394 for (incver = incverlist; *incver; incver++) {
4395 /* .../xxx if -d .../xxx */
4396 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT, libdir, *incver);
4397 if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX(subdir), &tmpstatbuf) >= 0 &&
4398 S_ISDIR(tmpstatbuf.st_mode))
4399 av_push(GvAVn(PL_incgv), newSVsv(subdir));
4405 /* finally push this lib directory on the end of @INC */
4406 av_push(GvAVn(PL_incgv), libdir);
4410 #ifdef USE_5005THREADS
4411 STATIC struct perl_thread *
4412 S_init_main_thread(pTHX)
4414 #if !defined(PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT)
4415 struct perl_thread *thr;
4419 Newz(53, thr, 1, struct perl_thread);
4420 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
4421 thr->interp = PERL_GET_INTERP;
4422 thr->cvcache = newHV();
4423 thr->threadsv = newAV();
4424 /* thr->threadsvp is set when find_threadsv is called */
4425 thr->specific = newAV();
4426 thr->flags = THRf_R_JOINABLE;
4427 MUTEX_INIT(&thr->mutex);
4428 /* Handcraft thrsv similarly to mess_sv */
4429 New(53, PL_thrsv, 1, SV);
4430 Newz(53, xpv, 1, XPV);
4431 SvFLAGS(PL_thrsv) = SVt_PV;
4432 SvANY(PL_thrsv) = (void*)xpv;
4433 SvREFCNT(PL_thrsv) = 1 << 30; /* practically infinite */
4434 SvPVX(PL_thrsv) = (char*)thr;
4435 SvCUR_set(PL_thrsv, sizeof(thr));
4436 SvLEN_set(PL_thrsv, sizeof(thr));
4437 *SvEND(PL_thrsv) = '\0'; /* in the trailing_nul field */
4438 thr->oursv = PL_thrsv;
4439 PL_chopset = " \n-";
4442 MUTEX_LOCK(&PL_threads_mutex);
4448 MUTEX_UNLOCK(&PL_threads_mutex);
4450 #ifdef HAVE_THREAD_INTERN
4451 Perl_init_thread_intern(thr);
4454 #ifdef SET_THREAD_SELF
4455 SET_THREAD_SELF(thr);
4457 thr->self = pthread_self();
4458 #endif /* SET_THREAD_SELF */
4462 * These must come after the thread self setting
4463 * because sv_setpvn does SvTAINT and the taint
4464 * fields thread selfness being set.
4466 PL_toptarget = NEWSV(0,0);
4467 sv_upgrade(PL_toptarget, SVt_PVFM);
4468 sv_setpvn(PL_toptarget, "", 0);
4469 PL_bodytarget = NEWSV(0,0);
4470 sv_upgrade(PL_bodytarget, SVt_PVFM);
4471 sv_setpvn(PL_bodytarget, "", 0);
4472 PL_formtarget = PL_bodytarget;
4473 thr->errsv = newSVpvn("", 0);
4474 (void) find_threadsv("@"); /* Ensure $@ is initialised early */
4477 PL_peepp = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_peep);
4478 PL_regcompp = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_pregcomp);
4479 PL_regexecp = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_regexec_flags);
4480 PL_regint_start = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_re_intuit_start);
4481 PL_regint_string = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_re_intuit_string);
4482 PL_regfree = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_pregfree);
4484 PL_reginterp_cnt = 0;
4488 #endif /* USE_5005THREADS */
4491 Perl_call_list(pTHX_ I32 oldscope, AV *paramList)
4494 line_t oldline = CopLINE(PL_curcop);
4500 while (AvFILL(paramList) >= 0) {
4501 cv = (CV*)av_shift(paramList);
4503 if (paramList == PL_beginav) {
4504 /* save PL_beginav for compiler */
4505 if (! PL_beginav_save)
4506 PL_beginav_save = newAV();
4507 av_push(PL_beginav_save, (SV*)cv);
4509 else if (paramList == PL_checkav) {
4510 /* save PL_checkav for compiler */
4511 if (! PL_checkav_save)
4512 PL_checkav_save = newAV();
4513 av_push(PL_checkav_save, (SV*)cv);
4518 #ifdef PERL_FLEXIBLE_EXCEPTIONS
4519 CALLPROTECT(aTHX_ pcur_env, &ret, MEMBER_TO_FPTR(S_vcall_list_body), cv);
4525 #ifndef PERL_FLEXIBLE_EXCEPTIONS
4529 (void)SvPV(atsv, len);
4531 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
4532 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
4533 if (paramList == PL_beginav)
4534 sv_catpv(atsv, "BEGIN failed--compilation aborted");
4536 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ atsv,
4537 "%s failed--call queue aborted",
4538 paramList == PL_checkav ? "CHECK"
4539 : paramList == PL_initav ? "INIT"
4541 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
4544 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%"SVf"", atsv);
4551 /* my_exit() was called */
4552 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
4555 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
4556 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
4557 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
4559 if (PL_statusvalue && !(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_EXPECTED)) {
4560 if (paramList == PL_beginav)
4561 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "BEGIN failed--compilation aborted");
4563 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s failed--call queue aborted",
4564 paramList == PL_checkav ? "CHECK"
4565 : paramList == PL_initav ? "INIT"
4572 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
4573 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
4576 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "panic: restartop\n");
4584 #ifdef PERL_FLEXIBLE_EXCEPTIONS
4586 S_vcall_list_body(pTHX_ va_list args)
4588 CV *cv = va_arg(args, CV*);
4589 return call_list_body(cv);
4594 S_call_list_body(pTHX_ CV *cv)
4596 PUSHMARK(PL_stack_sp);
4597 call_sv((SV*)cv, G_EVAL|G_DISCARD);
4602 Perl_my_exit(pTHX_ U32 status)
4604 DEBUG_S(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "my_exit: thread %p, status %lu\n",
4605 thr, (unsigned long) status));
4614 STATUS_NATIVE_SET(status);
4621 Perl_my_failure_exit(pTHX)
4624 if (vaxc$errno & 1) {
4625 if (STATUS_NATIVE & 1) /* fortuitiously includes "-1" */
4626 STATUS_NATIVE_SET(44);
4629 if (!vaxc$errno) /* unlikely */
4630 STATUS_NATIVE_SET(44);
4632 STATUS_NATIVE_SET(vaxc$errno);
4637 STATUS_POSIX_SET(errno);
4639 exitstatus = STATUS_POSIX >> 8;
4640 if (exitstatus & 255)
4641 STATUS_POSIX_SET(exitstatus);
4643 STATUS_POSIX_SET(255);
4650 S_my_exit_jump(pTHX)
4652 register PERL_CONTEXT *cx;
4657 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_e_script);
4658 PL_e_script = Nullsv;
4661 POPSTACK_TO(PL_mainstack);
4662 if (cxstack_ix >= 0) {
4665 POPBLOCK(cx,PL_curpm);
4673 read_e_script(pTHX_ int idx, SV *buf_sv, int maxlen)
4676 p = SvPVX(PL_e_script);
4677 nl = strchr(p, '\n');
4678 nl = (nl) ? nl+1 : SvEND(PL_e_script);
4680 filter_del(read_e_script);
4683 sv_catpvn(buf_sv, p, nl-p);
4684 sv_chop(PL_e_script, nl);