3 * Copyright (C) 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
4 * 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, by Larry Wall and others
6 * You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
7 * License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
12 * "A ship then new they built for him/of mithril and of elven glass" --Bilbo
15 /* This file contains the top-level functions that are used to create, use
16 * and destroy a perl interpreter, plus the functions used by XS code to
17 * call back into perl. Note that it does not contain the actual main()
18 * function of the interpreter; that can be found in perlmain.c
23 * Be proud that perl(1) may proclaim:
24 * Setuid Perl scripts are safer than C programs ...
25 * Do not abandon (deprecate) suidperl. Do not advocate C wrappers.
27 * The flow was: perl starts, notices script is suid, execs suidperl with same
28 * arguments; suidperl opens script, checks many things, sets itself with
29 * right UID, execs perl with similar arguments but with script pre-opened on
30 * /dev/fd/xxx; perl checks script is as should be and does work. This was
31 * insecure: see perlsec(1) for many problems with this approach.
33 * The "correct" flow should be: perl starts, opens script and notices it is
34 * suid, checks many things, execs suidperl with similar arguments but with
35 * script on /dev/fd/xxx; suidperl checks script and /dev/fd/xxx object are
36 * same, checks arguments match #! line, sets itself with right UID, execs
37 * perl with same arguments; perl checks many things and does work.
39 * (Opening the script in perl instead of suidperl, we "lose" scripts that
40 * are readable to the target UID but not to the invoker. Where did
41 * unreadable scripts work anyway?)
43 * For now, suidperl and perl are pretty much the same large and cumbersome
44 * program, so suidperl can check its argument list (see comments elsewhere).
47 * Original bug report:
48 * http://bugs.perl.org/index.html?req=bug_id&bug_id=20010322.218
49 * http://rt.perl.org/rt2/Ticket/Display.html?id=6511
50 * Comments and discussion with Debian:
51 * http://bugs.debian.org/203426
52 * http://bugs.debian.org/220486
53 * Debian Security Advisory DSA 431-1 (does not fully fix problem):
54 * http://www.debian.org/security/2004/dsa-431
56 * http://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CAN-2003-0618
57 * Previous versions of this patch sent to perl5-porters:
58 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg71953.html
59 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg75245.html
60 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg75563.html
61 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg75635.html
63 Paul Szabo - psz@maths.usyd.edu.au http://www.maths.usyd.edu.au:8000/u/psz/
64 School of Mathematics and Statistics University of Sydney 2006 Australia
68 * Use truthful, neat, specific error messages.
69 * Cannot always hide the truth; security must not depend on doing so.
73 * Use global(?), thread-local fdscript for easier checks.
74 * (I do not understand how we could possibly get a thread race:
75 * do not all threads go through the same initialization? Or in
76 * fact, are not threads started only after we get the script and
77 * so know what to do? Oh well, make things super-safe...)
81 #define PERL_IN_PERL_C
83 #include "patchlevel.h" /* for local_patches */
87 char *nw_get_sitelib(const char *pl);
90 /* XXX If this causes problems, set i_unistd=undef in the hint file. */
95 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS_FORK_DUMP
97 # include <sys/wait.h>
100 # include <sys/uio.h>
105 char control[CMSG_SPACE(sizeof(int))];
122 #if !defined(STANDARD_C) && !defined(HAS_GETENV_PROTOTYPE) && !defined(PERL_MICRO)
123 char *getenv (char *); /* Usually in <stdlib.h> */
126 static I32 read_e_script(pTHX_ int idx, SV *buf_sv, int maxlen);
134 #ifdef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
141 S_init_tls_and_interp(PerlInterpreter *my_perl)
145 PERL_SET_INTERP(my_perl);
146 #if defined(USE_ITHREADS)
149 PERL_SET_THX(my_perl);
151 MUTEX_INIT(&PL_dollarzero_mutex);
153 #ifdef PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT
154 MUTEX_INIT(&PL_my_ctx_mutex);
158 PERL_SET_THX(my_perl);
162 #ifdef PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
164 perl_alloc_using(struct IPerlMem* ipM, struct IPerlMem* ipMS,
165 struct IPerlMem* ipMP, struct IPerlEnv* ipE,
166 struct IPerlStdIO* ipStd, struct IPerlLIO* ipLIO,
167 struct IPerlDir* ipD, struct IPerlSock* ipS,
168 struct IPerlProc* ipP)
170 PerlInterpreter *my_perl;
171 /* Newx() needs interpreter, so call malloc() instead */
172 my_perl = (PerlInterpreter*)(*ipM->pMalloc)(ipM, sizeof(PerlInterpreter));
173 S_init_tls_and_interp(my_perl);
174 Zero(my_perl, 1, PerlInterpreter);
184 INIT_TRACK_MEMPOOL(PL_memory_debug_header, my_perl);
191 =head1 Embedding Functions
193 =for apidoc perl_alloc
195 Allocates a new Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
203 PerlInterpreter *my_perl;
205 /* Newx() needs interpreter, so call malloc() instead */
206 my_perl = (PerlInterpreter*)PerlMem_malloc(sizeof(PerlInterpreter));
208 S_init_tls_and_interp(my_perl);
209 #ifndef PERL_TRACK_MEMPOOL
210 return (PerlInterpreter *) ZeroD(my_perl, 1, PerlInterpreter);
212 Zero(my_perl, 1, PerlInterpreter);
213 INIT_TRACK_MEMPOOL(PL_memory_debug_header, my_perl);
217 #endif /* PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS */
220 =for apidoc perl_construct
222 Initializes a new Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
228 perl_construct(pTHXx)
234 PL_perl_destruct_level = 1;
236 if (PL_perl_destruct_level > 0)
239 /* Init the real globals (and main thread)? */
241 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling; /* needed by ckWARN, right away */
243 PL_linestr = newSV(79);
244 sv_upgrade(PL_linestr,SVt_PVIV);
246 if (!SvREADONLY(&PL_sv_undef)) {
247 /* set read-only and try to insure than we wont see REFCNT==0
250 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_undef);
251 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_undef) = (~(U32)0)/2;
253 sv_setpv(&PL_sv_no,PL_No);
254 /* value lookup in void context - happens to have the side effect
255 of caching the numeric forms. */
258 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_no);
259 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_no) = (~(U32)0)/2;
261 sv_setpv(&PL_sv_yes,PL_Yes);
264 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_yes);
265 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_yes) = (~(U32)0)/2;
267 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_placeholder);
268 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_placeholder) = (~(U32)0)/2;
271 PL_sighandlerp = (Sighandler_t) Perl_sighandler;
272 #ifdef PERL_USES_PL_PIDSTATUS
273 PL_pidstatus = newHV();
277 PL_rs = newSVpvs("\n");
282 PL_lex_state = LEX_NOTPARSING;
288 SET_NUMERIC_STANDARD();
290 #if defined(LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT)
291 PL_localpatches = local_patches; /* For possible -v */
294 #ifdef HAVE_INTERP_INTERN
298 PerlIO_init(aTHX); /* Hook to IO system */
300 PL_fdpid = newAV(); /* for remembering popen pids by fd */
301 PL_modglobal = newHV(); /* pointers to per-interpreter module globals */
302 PL_errors = newSVpvs("");
303 sv_setpvn(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(0), "", 0); /* For regex debugging. */
304 sv_setpvn(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(1), "", 0); /* ext/re needs these */
305 sv_setpvn(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(2), "", 0); /* even without DEBUGGING. */
307 PL_regex_padav = newAV();
308 av_push(PL_regex_padav,(SV*)newAV()); /* First entry is an array of empty elements */
309 PL_regex_pad = AvARRAY(PL_regex_padav);
311 #ifdef USE_REENTRANT_API
312 Perl_reentrant_init(aTHX);
315 /* Note that strtab is a rather special HV. Assumptions are made
316 about not iterating on it, and not adding tie magic to it.
317 It is properly deallocated in perl_destruct() */
320 HvSHAREKEYS_off(PL_strtab); /* mandatory */
321 hv_ksplit(PL_strtab, 512);
323 #if defined(__DYNAMIC__) && (defined(NeXT) || defined(__NeXT__))
324 _dyld_lookup_and_bind
325 ("__environ", (unsigned long *) &environ_pointer, NULL);
329 # ifdef USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY
330 PL_origenviron = environ;
334 /* Use sysconf(_SC_CLK_TCK) if available, if not
335 * available or if the sysconf() fails, use the HZ.
336 * BeOS has those, but returns the wrong value.
337 * The HZ if not originally defined has been by now
338 * been defined as CLK_TCK, if available. */
339 #if defined(HAS_SYSCONF) && defined(_SC_CLK_TCK) && !defined(__BEOS__)
340 PL_clocktick = sysconf(_SC_CLK_TCK);
341 if (PL_clocktick <= 0)
345 PL_stashcache = newHV();
347 PL_patchlevel = Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_ "%d.%d.%d", (int)PERL_REVISION,
348 (int)PERL_VERSION, (int)PERL_SUBVERSION);
351 if (!PL_mmap_page_size) {
352 #if defined(HAS_SYSCONF) && (defined(_SC_PAGESIZE) || defined(_SC_MMAP_PAGE_SIZE))
354 SETERRNO(0, SS_NORMAL);
356 PL_mmap_page_size = sysconf(_SC_PAGESIZE);
358 PL_mmap_page_size = sysconf(_SC_MMAP_PAGE_SIZE);
360 if ((long) PL_mmap_page_size < 0) {
362 SV * const error = ERRSV;
363 SvUPGRADE(error, SVt_PV);
364 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: sysconf: %s", SvPV_nolen_const(error));
367 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: sysconf: pagesize unknown");
371 # ifdef HAS_GETPAGESIZE
372 PL_mmap_page_size = getpagesize();
374 # if defined(I_SYS_PARAM) && defined(PAGESIZE)
375 PL_mmap_page_size = PAGESIZE; /* compiletime, bad */
379 if (PL_mmap_page_size <= 0)
380 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: bad pagesize %" IVdf,
381 (IV) PL_mmap_page_size);
383 #endif /* HAS_MMAP */
385 #if defined(HAS_TIMES) && defined(PERL_NEED_TIMESBASE)
386 PL_timesbase.tms_utime = 0;
387 PL_timesbase.tms_stime = 0;
388 PL_timesbase.tms_cutime = 0;
389 PL_timesbase.tms_cstime = 0;
400 =for apidoc nothreadhook
402 Stub that provides thread hook for perl_destruct when there are
409 Perl_nothreadhook(pTHX)
415 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS_FORK_DUMP
417 Perl_dump_sv_child(pTHX_ SV *sv)
420 const int sock = PL_dumper_fd;
421 const int debug_fd = PerlIO_fileno(Perl_debug_log);
422 union control_un control;
425 struct cmsghdr *cmptr;
427 unsigned char buffer[256];
429 if(sock == -1 || debug_fd == -1)
432 PerlIO_flush(Perl_debug_log);
434 /* All these shenanigans are to pass a file descriptor over to our child for
435 it to dump out to. We can't let it hold open the file descriptor when it
436 forks, as the file descriptor it will dump to can turn out to be one end
437 of pipe that some other process will wait on for EOF. (So as it would
438 be open, the wait would be forever. */
440 msg.msg_control = control.control;
441 msg.msg_controllen = sizeof(control.control);
442 /* We're a connected socket so we don't need a destination */
448 cmptr = CMSG_FIRSTHDR(&msg);
449 cmptr->cmsg_len = CMSG_LEN(sizeof(int));
450 cmptr->cmsg_level = SOL_SOCKET;
451 cmptr->cmsg_type = SCM_RIGHTS;
452 *((int *)CMSG_DATA(cmptr)) = 1;
454 vec[0].iov_base = (void*)&sv;
455 vec[0].iov_len = sizeof(sv);
456 got = sendmsg(sock, &msg, 0);
459 perror("Debug leaking scalars parent sendmsg failed");
462 if(got < sizeof(sv)) {
463 perror("Debug leaking scalars parent short sendmsg");
467 /* Return protocol is
469 unsigned char: length of location string (0 for empty)
470 unsigned char*: string (not terminated)
472 vec[0].iov_base = (void*)&returned_errno;
473 vec[0].iov_len = sizeof(returned_errno);
474 vec[1].iov_base = buffer;
477 got = readv(sock, vec, 2);
480 perror("Debug leaking scalars parent read failed");
481 PerlIO_flush(PerlIO_stderr());
484 if(got < sizeof(returned_errno) + 1) {
485 perror("Debug leaking scalars parent short read");
486 PerlIO_flush(PerlIO_stderr());
491 got = read(sock, buffer + 1, *buffer);
493 perror("Debug leaking scalars parent read 2 failed");
494 PerlIO_flush(PerlIO_stderr());
499 perror("Debug leaking scalars parent short read 2");
500 PerlIO_flush(PerlIO_stderr());
505 if (returned_errno || *buffer) {
506 Perl_warn(aTHX_ "Debug leaking scalars child failed%s%.*s with errno"
507 " %d: %s", (*buffer ? " at " : ""), (int) *buffer, buffer + 1,
508 returned_errno, strerror(returned_errno));
514 =for apidoc perl_destruct
516 Shuts down a Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
525 volatile int destruct_level; /* 0=none, 1=full, 2=full with checks */
527 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS_FORK_DUMP
533 /* wait for all pseudo-forked children to finish */
534 PERL_WAIT_FOR_CHILDREN;
536 destruct_level = PL_perl_destruct_level;
539 const char * const s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL");
541 const int i = atoi(s);
542 if (destruct_level < i)
548 if (PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_DESTRUCT_END) {
554 if (PL_endav && !PL_minus_c)
555 call_list(PL_scopestack_ix, PL_endav);
561 /* Need to flush since END blocks can produce output */
564 if (CALL_FPTR(PL_threadhook)(aTHX)) {
565 /* Threads hook has vetoed further cleanup */
569 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS_FORK_DUMP
570 if (destruct_level != 0) {
571 /* Fork here to create a child. Our child's job is to preserve the
572 state of scalars prior to destruction, so that we can instruct it
573 to dump any scalars that we later find have leaked.
574 There's no subtlety in this code - it assumes POSIX, and it doesn't
578 if(socketpair(AF_UNIX, SOCK_STREAM, 0, fd)) {
579 perror("Debug leaking scalars socketpair failed");
585 perror("Debug leaking scalars fork failed");
589 /* We are the child */
590 const int sock = fd[1];
591 const int debug_fd = PerlIO_fileno(Perl_debug_log);
594 /* Our success message is an integer 0, and a char 0 */
595 static const char success[sizeof(int) + 1];
599 /* We need to close all other file descriptors otherwise we end up
600 with interesting hangs, where the parent closes its end of a
601 pipe, and sits waiting for (another) child to terminate. Only
602 that child never terminates, because it never gets EOF, because
603 we also have the far end of the pipe open. We even need to
604 close the debugging fd, because sometimes it happens to be one
605 end of a pipe, and a process is waiting on the other end for
606 EOF. Normally it would be closed at some point earlier in
607 destruction, but if we happen to cause the pipe to remain open,
608 EOF never occurs, and we get an infinite hang. Hence all the
609 games to pass in a file descriptor if it's actually needed. */
611 f = sysconf(_SC_OPEN_MAX);
613 where = "sysconf failed";
624 union control_un control;
627 struct cmsghdr *cmptr;
631 msg.msg_control = control.control;
632 msg.msg_controllen = sizeof(control.control);
633 /* We're a connected socket so we don't need a source */
637 msg.msg_iovlen = sizeof(vec)/sizeof(vec[0]);
639 vec[0].iov_base = (void*)⌖
640 vec[0].iov_len = sizeof(target);
642 got = recvmsg(sock, &msg, 0);
647 where = "recv failed";
650 if(got < sizeof(target)) {
651 where = "short recv";
655 if(!(cmptr = CMSG_FIRSTHDR(&msg))) {
659 if(cmptr->cmsg_len != CMSG_LEN(sizeof(int))) {
660 where = "wrong cmsg_len";
663 if(cmptr->cmsg_level != SOL_SOCKET) {
664 where = "wrong cmsg_level";
667 if(cmptr->cmsg_type != SCM_RIGHTS) {
668 where = "wrong cmsg_type";
672 got_fd = *(int*)CMSG_DATA(cmptr);
673 /* For our last little bit of trickery, put the file descriptor
674 back into Perl_debug_log, as if we never actually closed it
676 if(got_fd != debug_fd) {
677 if (dup2(got_fd, debug_fd) == -1) {
684 PerlIO_flush(Perl_debug_log);
686 got = write(sock, &success, sizeof(success));
689 where = "write failed";
692 if(got < sizeof(success)) {
693 where = "short write";
700 int send_errno = errno;
701 unsigned char length = (unsigned char) strlen(where);
702 struct iovec failure[3] = {
703 {(void*)&send_errno, sizeof(send_errno)},
705 {(void*)where, length}
707 int got = writev(sock, failure, 3);
708 /* Bad news travels fast. Faster than data. We'll get a SIGPIPE
709 in the parent if we try to read from the socketpair after the
710 child has exited, even if there was data to read.
711 So sleep a bit to give the parent a fighting chance of
714 _exit((got == -1) ? errno : 0);
718 PL_dumper_fd = fd[0];
723 /* We must account for everything. */
725 /* Destroy the main CV and syntax tree */
726 /* Do this now, because destroying ops can cause new SVs to be generated
727 in Perl_pad_swipe, and when running with -DDEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS they
728 PL_curcop to point to a valid op from which the filename structure
730 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
732 /* ensure comppad/curpad to refer to main's pad */
733 if (CvPADLIST(PL_main_cv)) {
734 PAD_SET_CUR_NOSAVE(CvPADLIST(PL_main_cv), 1);
736 op_free(PL_main_root);
739 PL_main_start = NULL;
740 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_main_cv);
744 /* Tell PerlIO we are about to tear things apart in case
745 we have layers which are using resources that should
749 PerlIO_destruct(aTHX);
751 if (PL_sv_objcount) {
753 * Try to destruct global references. We do this first so that the
754 * destructors and destructees still exist. Some sv's might remain.
755 * Non-referenced objects are on their own.
759 if (PL_defoutgv && !SvREFCNT(PL_defoutgv))
760 PL_defoutgv = NULL; /* may have been freed */
763 /* unhook hooks which will soon be, or use, destroyed data */
764 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_warnhook);
766 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_diehook);
769 /* call exit list functions */
770 while (PL_exitlistlen-- > 0)
771 PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].fn(aTHX_ PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].ptr);
773 Safefree(PL_exitlist);
778 if (destruct_level == 0){
780 DEBUG_P(debprofdump());
782 #if defined(PERLIO_LAYERS)
783 /* No more IO - including error messages ! */
784 PerlIO_cleanup(aTHX);
787 /* The exit() function will do everything that needs doing. */
791 /* jettison our possibly duplicated environment */
792 /* if PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV is defined environ will not have been copied
793 * so we certainly shouldn't free it here
796 #if defined(USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY) && !defined(PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV)
797 if (environ != PL_origenviron && !PL_use_safe_putenv
799 /* only main thread can free environ[0] contents */
800 && PL_curinterp == aTHX
806 for (i = 0; environ[i]; i++)
807 safesysfree(environ[i]);
809 /* Must use safesysfree() when working with environ. */
810 safesysfree(environ);
812 environ = PL_origenviron;
815 #endif /* !PERL_MICRO */
817 /* reset so print() ends up where we expect */
821 /* the syntax tree is shared between clones
822 * so op_free(PL_main_root) only ReREFCNT_dec's
823 * REGEXPs in the parent interpreter
824 * we need to manually ReREFCNT_dec for the clones
827 I32 i = AvFILLp(PL_regex_padav) + 1;
828 SV * const * const ary = AvARRAY(PL_regex_padav);
831 SV * const resv = ary[--i];
833 if (SvFLAGS(resv) & SVf_BREAK) {
834 /* this is PL_reg_curpm, already freed
835 * flag is set in regexec.c:S_regtry
837 SvFLAGS(resv) &= ~SVf_BREAK;
839 else if(SvREPADTMP(resv)) {
840 SvREPADTMP_off(resv);
842 else if(SvIOKp(resv)) {
843 REGEXP *re = INT2PTR(REGEXP *,SvIVX(resv));
848 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_regex_padav);
849 PL_regex_padav = NULL;
853 SvREFCNT_dec((SV*) PL_stashcache);
854 PL_stashcache = NULL;
856 /* loosen bonds of global variables */
859 (void)PerlIO_close(PL_rsfp);
863 /* Filters for program text */
864 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_rsfp_filters);
865 PL_rsfp_filters = NULL;
868 PL_preprocess = FALSE;
874 PL_doswitches = FALSE;
875 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_OFF;
876 PL_doextract = FALSE;
877 PL_sawampersand = FALSE; /* must save all match strings */
880 Safefree(PL_inplace);
882 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_patchlevel);
885 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_e_script);
891 /* magical thingies */
893 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_ofs_sv); /* $, */
896 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_ors_sv); /* $\ */
899 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_rs); /* $/ */
902 Safefree(PL_osname); /* $^O */
905 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_statname);
909 /* defgv, aka *_ should be taken care of elsewhere */
911 /* clean up after study() */
912 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_lastscream);
913 PL_lastscream = NULL;
914 Safefree(PL_screamfirst);
916 Safefree(PL_screamnext);
920 Safefree(PL_efloatbuf);
924 /* startup and shutdown function lists */
925 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_beginav);
926 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_beginav_save);
927 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_endav);
928 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_checkav);
929 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_checkav_save);
930 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_initav);
932 PL_beginav_save = NULL;
935 PL_checkav_save = NULL;
938 /* shortcuts just get cleared */
947 PL_last_in_gv = NULL;
955 PL_DBassertion = NULL;
960 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_argvout_stack);
961 PL_argvout_stack = NULL;
963 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_modglobal);
965 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_preambleav);
966 PL_preambleav = NULL;
967 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_subname);
969 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_linestr);
971 #ifdef PERL_USES_PL_PIDSTATUS
972 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_pidstatus);
975 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_toptarget);
977 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_bodytarget);
978 PL_bodytarget = NULL;
979 PL_formtarget = NULL;
981 /* free locale stuff */
982 #ifdef USE_LOCALE_COLLATE
983 Safefree(PL_collation_name);
984 PL_collation_name = NULL;
987 #ifdef USE_LOCALE_NUMERIC
988 Safefree(PL_numeric_name);
989 PL_numeric_name = NULL;
990 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_numeric_radix_sv);
991 PL_numeric_radix_sv = NULL;
994 /* clear utf8 character classes */
995 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_alnum);
996 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_alnumc);
997 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_ascii);
998 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_alpha);
999 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_space);
1000 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_cntrl);
1001 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_graph);
1002 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_digit);
1003 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_upper);
1004 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_lower);
1005 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_print);
1006 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_punct);
1007 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_xdigit);
1008 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_mark);
1009 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_toupper);
1010 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_totitle);
1011 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_tolower);
1012 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_tofold);
1013 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_idstart);
1014 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_idcont);
1015 PL_utf8_alnum = NULL;
1016 PL_utf8_alnumc = NULL;
1017 PL_utf8_ascii = NULL;
1018 PL_utf8_alpha = NULL;
1019 PL_utf8_space = NULL;
1020 PL_utf8_cntrl = NULL;
1021 PL_utf8_graph = NULL;
1022 PL_utf8_digit = NULL;
1023 PL_utf8_upper = NULL;
1024 PL_utf8_lower = NULL;
1025 PL_utf8_print = NULL;
1026 PL_utf8_punct = NULL;
1027 PL_utf8_xdigit = NULL;
1028 PL_utf8_mark = NULL;
1029 PL_utf8_toupper = NULL;
1030 PL_utf8_totitle = NULL;
1031 PL_utf8_tolower = NULL;
1032 PL_utf8_tofold = NULL;
1033 PL_utf8_idstart = NULL;
1034 PL_utf8_idcont = NULL;
1036 if (!specialWARN(PL_compiling.cop_warnings))
1037 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compiling.cop_warnings);
1038 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = NULL;
1039 if (!specialCopIO(PL_compiling.cop_io))
1040 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compiling.cop_io);
1041 PL_compiling.cop_io = NULL;
1042 Perl_refcounted_he_free(aTHX_ PL_compiling.cop_hints);
1043 PL_compiling.cop_hints = NULL;
1044 CopFILE_free(&PL_compiling);
1045 CopSTASH_free(&PL_compiling);
1047 /* Prepare to destruct main symbol table. */
1052 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_curstname);
1053 PL_curstname = NULL;
1055 /* clear queued errors */
1056 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_errors);
1060 if (destruct_level >= 2 && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL)) {
1061 if (PL_scopestack_ix != 0)
1062 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
1063 "Unbalanced scopes: %ld more ENTERs than LEAVEs\n",
1064 (long)PL_scopestack_ix);
1065 if (PL_savestack_ix != 0)
1066 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
1067 "Unbalanced saves: %ld more saves than restores\n",
1068 (long)PL_savestack_ix);
1069 if (PL_tmps_floor != -1)
1070 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),"Unbalanced tmps: %ld more allocs than frees\n",
1071 (long)PL_tmps_floor + 1);
1072 if (cxstack_ix != -1)
1073 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),"Unbalanced context: %ld more PUSHes than POPs\n",
1074 (long)cxstack_ix + 1);
1077 /* Now absolutely destruct everything, somehow or other, loops or no. */
1078 SvFLAGS(PL_fdpid) |= SVTYPEMASK; /* don't clean out pid table now */
1079 SvFLAGS(PL_strtab) |= SVTYPEMASK; /* don't clean out strtab now */
1081 /* the 2 is for PL_fdpid and PL_strtab */
1082 while (PL_sv_count > 2 && sv_clean_all())
1085 SvFLAGS(PL_fdpid) &= ~SVTYPEMASK;
1086 SvFLAGS(PL_fdpid) |= SVt_PVAV;
1087 SvFLAGS(PL_strtab) &= ~SVTYPEMASK;
1088 SvFLAGS(PL_strtab) |= SVt_PVHV;
1090 AvREAL_off(PL_fdpid); /* no surviving entries */
1091 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_fdpid); /* needed in io_close() */
1094 #ifdef HAVE_INTERP_INTERN
1098 /* Destruct the global string table. */
1100 /* Yell and reset the HeVAL() slots that are still holding refcounts,
1101 * so that sv_free() won't fail on them.
1102 * Now that the global string table is using a single hunk of memory
1103 * for both HE and HEK, we either need to explicitly unshare it the
1104 * correct way, or actually free things here.
1107 const I32 max = HvMAX(PL_strtab);
1108 HE * const * const array = HvARRAY(PL_strtab);
1109 HE *hent = array[0];
1112 if (hent && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL)) {
1113 HE * const next = HeNEXT(hent);
1114 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
1115 "Unbalanced string table refcount: (%ld) for \"%s\"",
1116 (long)hent->he_valu.hent_refcount, HeKEY(hent));
1123 hent = array[riter];
1128 HvARRAY(PL_strtab) = 0;
1129 HvTOTALKEYS(PL_strtab) = 0;
1130 HvFILL(PL_strtab) = 0;
1132 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_strtab);
1135 /* free the pointer tables used for cloning */
1136 ptr_table_free(PL_ptr_table);
1137 PL_ptr_table = (PTR_TBL_t*)NULL;
1140 /* free special SVs */
1142 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_yes) = 0;
1143 sv_clear(&PL_sv_yes);
1144 SvANY(&PL_sv_yes) = NULL;
1145 SvFLAGS(&PL_sv_yes) = 0;
1147 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_no) = 0;
1148 sv_clear(&PL_sv_no);
1149 SvANY(&PL_sv_no) = NULL;
1150 SvFLAGS(&PL_sv_no) = 0;
1154 for (i=0; i<=2; i++) {
1155 SvREFCNT(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i)) = 0;
1156 sv_clear(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i));
1157 SvANY(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i)) = NULL;
1158 SvFLAGS(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i)) = 0;
1162 if (PL_sv_count != 0 && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL))
1163 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),"Scalars leaked: %ld\n", (long)PL_sv_count);
1165 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS
1166 if (PL_sv_count != 0) {
1171 for (sva = PL_sv_arenaroot; sva; sva = (SV*)SvANY(sva)) {
1172 svend = &sva[SvREFCNT(sva)];
1173 for (sv = sva + 1; sv < svend; ++sv) {
1174 if (SvTYPE(sv) != SVTYPEMASK) {
1175 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "leaked: sv=0x%p"
1177 " refcnt=%"UVuf pTHX__FORMAT "\n"
1178 "\tallocated at %s:%d %s %s%s\n",
1179 sv, sv->sv_flags, sv->sv_refcnt pTHX__VALUE,
1180 sv->sv_debug_file ? sv->sv_debug_file : "(unknown)",
1182 sv->sv_debug_inpad ? "for" : "by",
1183 sv->sv_debug_optype ?
1184 PL_op_name[sv->sv_debug_optype]: "(none)",
1185 sv->sv_debug_cloned ? " (cloned)" : ""
1187 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS_FORK_DUMP
1188 Perl_dump_sv_child(aTHX_ sv);
1194 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS_FORK_DUMP
1198 /* Wait for up to 4 seconds for child to terminate.
1199 This seems to be the least effort way of timing out on reaping
1201 struct timeval waitfor = {4, 0};
1202 int sock = PL_dumper_fd;
1206 FD_SET(sock, &rset);
1207 select(sock + 1, &rset, NULL, NULL, &waitfor);
1208 waitpid(child, &status, WNOHANG);
1216 #if defined(PERLIO_LAYERS)
1217 /* No more IO - including error messages ! */
1218 PerlIO_cleanup(aTHX);
1221 /* sv_undef needs to stay immortal until after PerlIO_cleanup
1222 as currently layers use it rather than NULL as a marker
1223 for no arg - and will try and SvREFCNT_dec it.
1225 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_undef) = 0;
1226 SvREADONLY_off(&PL_sv_undef);
1228 Safefree(PL_origfilename);
1229 PL_origfilename = NULL;
1230 Safefree(PL_reg_start_tmp);
1231 PL_reg_start_tmp = (char**)NULL;
1232 PL_reg_start_tmpl = 0;
1233 Safefree(PL_reg_curpm);
1234 Safefree(PL_reg_poscache);
1235 free_tied_hv_pool();
1236 Safefree(PL_op_mask);
1237 Safefree(PL_psig_ptr);
1238 PL_psig_ptr = (SV**)NULL;
1239 Safefree(PL_psig_name);
1240 PL_psig_name = (SV**)NULL;
1241 Safefree(PL_bitcount);
1243 Safefree(PL_psig_pend);
1244 PL_psig_pend = (int*)NULL;
1247 PL_tainting = FALSE;
1248 PL_taint_warn = FALSE;
1249 PL_hints = 0; /* Reset hints. Should hints be per-interpreter ? */
1252 DEBUG_P(debprofdump());
1254 #ifdef USE_REENTRANT_API
1255 Perl_reentrant_free(aTHX);
1260 /* As the absolutely last thing, free the non-arena SV for mess() */
1263 /* we know that type == SVt_PVMG */
1265 /* it could have accumulated taint magic */
1268 for (mg = SvMAGIC(PL_mess_sv); mg; mg = moremagic) {
1269 moremagic = mg->mg_moremagic;
1270 if (mg->mg_ptr && mg->mg_type != PERL_MAGIC_regex_global
1272 Safefree(mg->mg_ptr);
1276 /* we know that type >= SVt_PV */
1277 SvPV_free(PL_mess_sv);
1278 Safefree(SvANY(PL_mess_sv));
1279 Safefree(PL_mess_sv);
1286 =for apidoc perl_free
1288 Releases a Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
1296 #ifdef PERL_TRACK_MEMPOOL
1299 * Don't free thread memory if PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL is set to a non-zero
1300 * value as we're probably hunting memory leaks then
1302 const char * const s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL");
1303 if (!s || atoi(s) == 0) {
1304 /* Emulate the PerlHost behaviour of free()ing all memory allocated in this
1305 thread at thread exit. */
1306 while(aTHXx->Imemory_debug_header.next != &(aTHXx->Imemory_debug_header))
1307 safesysfree(sTHX + (char *)(aTHXx->Imemory_debug_header.next));
1312 #if defined(WIN32) || defined(NETWARE)
1313 # if defined(PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS)
1316 void *host = nw_internal_host;
1318 void *host = w32_internal_host;
1320 PerlMem_free(aTHXx);
1322 nw_delete_internal_host(host);
1324 win32_delete_internal_host(host);
1328 PerlMem_free(aTHXx);
1331 PerlMem_free(aTHXx);
1335 #if defined(USE_ITHREADS)
1336 /* provide destructors to clean up the thread key when libperl is unloaded */
1337 #ifndef WIN32 /* handled during DLL_PROCESS_DETACH in win32/perllib.c */
1339 #if defined(__hpux) && !(defined(__ux_version) && __ux_version <= 1020) && !defined(__GNUC__)
1340 #pragma fini "perl_fini"
1344 #if defined(__GNUC__)
1345 __attribute__((destructor))
1355 #endif /* THREADS */
1358 Perl_call_atexit(pTHX_ ATEXIT_t fn, void *ptr)
1361 Renew(PL_exitlist, PL_exitlistlen+1, PerlExitListEntry);
1362 PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].fn = fn;
1363 PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].ptr = ptr;
1367 #ifdef HAS_PROCSELFEXE
1368 /* This is a function so that we don't hold on to MAXPATHLEN
1369 bytes of stack longer than necessary
1372 S_procself_val(pTHX_ SV *sv, const char *arg0)
1374 char buf[MAXPATHLEN];
1375 int len = readlink(PROCSELFEXE_PATH, buf, sizeof(buf) - 1);
1377 /* On Playstation2 Linux V1.0 (kernel 2.2.1) readlink(/proc/self/exe)
1378 includes a spurious NUL which will cause $^X to fail in system
1379 or backticks (this will prevent extensions from being built and
1380 many tests from working). readlink is not meant to add a NUL.
1381 Normal readlink works fine.
1383 if (len > 0 && buf[len-1] == '\0') {
1387 /* FreeBSD's implementation is acknowledged to be imperfect, sometimes
1388 returning the text "unknown" from the readlink rather than the path
1389 to the executable (or returning an error from the readlink). Any valid
1390 path has a '/' in it somewhere, so use that to validate the result.
1391 See http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/query-pr.cgi?pr=35703
1393 if (len > 0 && memchr(buf, '/', len)) {
1394 sv_setpvn(sv,buf,len);
1400 #endif /* HAS_PROCSELFEXE */
1403 S_set_caret_X(pTHX) {
1405 GV* tmpgv = gv_fetchpvs("\030", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PV); /* $^X */
1407 #ifdef HAS_PROCSELFEXE
1408 S_procself_val(aTHX_ GvSV(tmpgv), PL_origargv[0]);
1411 sv_setpv(GvSVn(tmpgv), os2_execname(aTHX));
1413 sv_setpv(GvSVn(tmpgv),PL_origargv[0]);
1420 =for apidoc perl_parse
1422 Tells a Perl interpreter to parse a Perl script. See L<perlembed>.
1428 perl_parse(pTHXx_ XSINIT_t xsinit, int argc, char **argv, char **env)
1435 PERL_UNUSED_VAR(my_perl);
1437 #ifdef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
1440 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "suidperl is no longer needed since the kernel can now execute\n\
1441 setuid perl scripts securely.\n");
1442 #endif /* IAMSUID */
1445 #if defined(USE_HASH_SEED) || defined(USE_HASH_SEED_EXPLICIT)
1446 /* [perl #22371] Algorimic Complexity Attack on Perl 5.6.1, 5.8.0
1447 * This MUST be done before any hash stores or fetches take place.
1448 * If you set PL_rehash_seed (and assumedly also PL_rehash_seed_set)
1449 * yourself, it is your responsibility to provide a good random seed!
1450 * You can also define PERL_HASH_SEED in compile time, see hv.h. */
1451 if (!PL_rehash_seed_set)
1452 PL_rehash_seed = get_hash_seed();
1454 const char * const s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_HASH_SEED_DEBUG");
1456 if (s && (atoi(s) == 1))
1457 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "HASH_SEED = %"UVuf"\n", PL_rehash_seed);
1459 #endif /* #if defined(USE_HASH_SEED) || defined(USE_HASH_SEED_EXPLICIT) */
1464 if (PL_origalen != 0) {
1465 PL_origalen = 1; /* don't use old PL_origalen if perl_parse() is called again */
1468 /* Set PL_origalen be the sum of the contiguous argv[]
1469 * elements plus the size of the env in case that it is
1470 * contiguous with the argv[]. This is used in mg.c:Perl_magic_set()
1471 * as the maximum modifiable length of $0. In the worst case
1472 * the area we are able to modify is limited to the size of
1473 * the original argv[0]. (See below for 'contiguous', though.)
1475 const char *s = NULL;
1478 ~(UV)(PTRSIZE == 4 ? 3 : PTRSIZE == 8 ? 7 : PTRSIZE == 16 ? 15 : 0);
1479 /* Do the mask check only if the args seem like aligned. */
1481 (mask < ~(UV)0) && ((PTR2UV(argv[0]) & mask) == PTR2UV(argv[0]));
1483 /* See if all the arguments are contiguous in memory. Note
1484 * that 'contiguous' is a loose term because some platforms
1485 * align the argv[] and the envp[]. If the arguments look
1486 * like non-aligned, assume that they are 'strictly' or
1487 * 'traditionally' contiguous. If the arguments look like
1488 * aligned, we just check that they are within aligned
1489 * PTRSIZE bytes. As long as no system has something bizarre
1490 * like the argv[] interleaved with some other data, we are
1491 * fine. (Did I just evoke Murphy's Law?) --jhi */
1492 if (PL_origargv && PL_origargc >= 1 && (s = PL_origargv[0])) {
1494 for (i = 1; i < PL_origargc; i++) {
1495 if ((PL_origargv[i] == s + 1
1497 || PL_origargv[i] == s + 2
1502 (PL_origargv[i] > s &&
1504 INT2PTR(char *, PTR2UV(s + PTRSIZE) & mask)))
1514 /* Can we grab env area too to be used as the area for $0? */
1515 if (s && PL_origenviron) {
1516 if ((PL_origenviron[0] == s + 1
1518 || (PL_origenviron[0] == s + 9 && (s += 8))
1523 (PL_origenviron[0] > s &&
1524 PL_origenviron[0] <=
1525 INT2PTR(char *, PTR2UV(s + PTRSIZE) & mask)))
1529 s = PL_origenviron[0];
1532 my_setenv("NoNe SuCh", NULL);
1533 /* Force copy of environment. */
1534 for (i = 1; PL_origenviron[i]; i++) {
1535 if (PL_origenviron[i] == s + 1
1538 (PL_origenviron[i] > s &&
1539 PL_origenviron[i] <=
1540 INT2PTR(char *, PTR2UV(s + PTRSIZE) & mask)))
1543 s = PL_origenviron[i];
1551 PL_origalen = s ? s - PL_origargv[0] + 1 : 0;
1556 /* Come here if running an undumped a.out. */
1558 PL_origfilename = savepv(argv[0]);
1559 PL_do_undump = FALSE;
1560 cxstack_ix = -1; /* start label stack again */
1562 assert (!PL_tainted);
1564 S_set_caret_X(aTHX);
1566 init_postdump_symbols(argc,argv,env);
1571 op_free(PL_main_root);
1572 PL_main_root = NULL;
1574 PL_main_start = NULL;
1575 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_main_cv);
1579 oldscope = PL_scopestack_ix;
1580 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_OFF;
1585 parse_body(env,xsinit);
1587 call_list(oldscope, PL_checkav);
1594 /* my_exit() was called */
1595 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
1598 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
1600 call_list(oldscope, PL_checkav);
1604 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "panic: top_env\n");
1613 S_parse_body(pTHX_ char **env, XSINIT_t xsinit)
1616 int argc = PL_origargc;
1617 char **argv = PL_origargv;
1618 const char *scriptname = NULL;
1619 VOL bool dosearch = FALSE;
1620 const char *validarg = "";
1623 const char *cddir = NULL;
1624 #ifdef USE_SITECUSTOMIZE
1625 bool minus_f = FALSE;
1628 sv_setpvn(PL_linestr,"",0);
1629 sv = newSVpvs(""); /* first used for -I flags */
1633 for (argc--,argv++; argc > 0; argc--,argv++) {
1634 if (argv[0][0] != '-' || !argv[0][1])
1638 validarg = " PHOOEY ";
1642 * Can we rely on the kernel to start scripts with argv[1] set to
1643 * contain all #! line switches (the whole line)? (argv[0] is set to
1644 * the interpreter name, argv[2] to the script name; argv[3] and
1645 * above may contain other arguments.)
1652 #ifndef PERL_STRICT_CR
1677 if ((s = moreswitches(s)))
1682 CHECK_MALLOC_TOO_LATE_FOR('t');
1683 if( !PL_tainting ) {
1684 PL_taint_warn = TRUE;
1690 CHECK_MALLOC_TOO_LATE_FOR('T');
1692 PL_taint_warn = FALSE;
1700 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
1701 /* ignore -e for Dev:Pseudo argument */
1702 if (argv[1] && !strcmp(argv[1], "Dev:Pseudo"))
1705 forbid_setid('e', -1);
1707 PL_e_script = newSVpvs("");
1708 filter_add(read_e_script, NULL);
1711 sv_catpv(PL_e_script, s);
1713 sv_catpv(PL_e_script, argv[1]);
1717 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No code specified for -%c", *s);
1718 sv_catpvs(PL_e_script, "\n");
1722 #ifdef USE_SITECUSTOMIZE
1728 case 'I': /* -I handled both here and in moreswitches() */
1729 forbid_setid('I', -1);
1730 if (!*++s && (s=argv[1]) != NULL) {
1734 STRLEN len = strlen(s);
1735 const char * const p = savepvn(s, len);
1736 incpush(p, TRUE, TRUE, FALSE, FALSE);
1737 sv_catpvs(sv, "-I");
1738 sv_catpvn(sv, p, len);
1743 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No directory specified for -I");
1746 forbid_setid('P', -1);
1747 PL_preprocess = TRUE;
1751 forbid_setid('S', -1);
1760 PL_preambleav = newAV();
1761 av_push(PL_preambleav,
1762 newSVpvs("use Config;"));
1766 opts_prog = newSVpvs("print Config::myconfig(),");
1768 sv_catpvs(opts_prog,"\"\\nCharacteristics of this PERLSHR image: \\n\",");
1770 sv_catpvs(opts_prog,"\"\\nCharacteristics of this binary (from libperl): \\n\",");
1772 opts = SvCUR(opts_prog);
1774 Perl_sv_catpv(aTHX_ opts_prog,"\" Compile-time options:"
1778 # ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS
1779 " DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS"
1781 # ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS_FORK_DUMP
1782 " DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS_FORK_DUMP"
1784 # ifdef FAKE_THREADS
1787 # ifdef MULTIPLICITY
1796 # ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
1797 " PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV"
1799 # ifdef PERL_GLOBAL_STRUCT
1800 " PERL_GLOBAL_STRUCT"
1802 # ifdef PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT
1803 " PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT"
1805 # ifdef PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
1806 " PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS"
1811 # ifdef PERL_MALLOC_WRAP
1814 # ifdef PERL_NEED_APPCTX
1817 # ifdef PERL_NEED_TIMESBASE
1818 " PERL_NEED_TIMESBASE"
1820 # ifdef PERL_OLD_COPY_ON_WRITE
1821 " PERL_OLD_COPY_ON_WRITE"
1823 # ifdef PERL_TRACK_MEMPOOL
1824 " PERL_TRACK_MEMPOOL"
1826 # ifdef PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV
1827 " PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV"
1829 #ifdef PERL_USES_PL_PIDSTATUS
1830 " PERL_USES_PL_PIDSTATUS"
1832 # ifdef PL_OP_SLAB_ALLOC
1835 # ifdef THREADS_HAVE_PIDS
1836 " THREADS_HAVE_PIDS"
1838 # ifdef USE_64_BIT_ALL
1841 # ifdef USE_64_BIT_INT
1844 # ifdef USE_ITHREADS
1847 # ifdef USE_LARGE_FILES
1850 # ifdef USE_LONG_DOUBLE
1856 # ifdef USE_REENTRANT_API
1857 " USE_REENTRANT_API"
1862 # ifdef USE_SITECUSTOMIZE
1863 " USE_SITECUSTOMIZE"
1870 while (SvCUR(opts_prog) > opts+76) {
1871 /* find last space after "options: " and before col 76
1875 char * const pv = SvPV_nolen(opts_prog);
1876 const char c = pv[opts+76];
1878 space = strrchr(pv+opts+26, ' ');
1880 if (!space) break; /* "Can't happen" */
1882 /* break the line before that space */
1885 Perl_sv_insert(aTHX_ opts_prog, opts, 0,
1886 STR_WITH_LEN("\\n "));
1889 sv_catpvs(opts_prog,"\\n\",");
1891 #if defined(LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT)
1892 if (LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT > 0) {
1894 sv_catpvs(opts_prog,
1895 "\" Locally applied patches:\\n\",");
1896 for (i = 1; i <= LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT; i++) {
1897 if (PL_localpatches[i])
1898 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ opts_prog,"q%c\t%s\n%c,",
1899 0, PL_localpatches[i], 0);
1903 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ opts_prog,
1904 "\" Built under %s\\n\"",OSNAME);
1907 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ opts_prog,
1908 ",\" Compiled at %s %s\\n\"",__DATE__,
1911 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ opts_prog,",\" Compiled on %s\\n\"",
1915 sv_catpvs(opts_prog, "; $\"=\"\\n \"; "
1916 "@env = map { \"$_=\\\"$ENV{$_}\\\"\" } "
1917 "sort grep {/^PERL/} keys %ENV; ");
1919 sv_catpvs(opts_prog,
1920 "push @env, \"CYGWIN=\\\"$ENV{CYGWIN}\\\"\";");
1922 sv_catpvs(opts_prog,
1923 "print \" \\%ENV:\\n @env\\n\" if @env;"
1924 "print \" \\@INC:\\n @INC\\n\";");
1928 opts_prog = Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_
1929 "Config::config_vars(qw%c%s%c)",
1933 av_push(PL_preambleav, opts_prog);
1934 /* don't look for script or read stdin */
1935 scriptname = BIT_BUCKET;
1939 PL_doextract = TRUE;
1947 if (!*++s || isSPACE(*s)) {
1951 /* catch use of gnu style long options */
1952 if (strEQ(s, "version")) {
1956 if (strEQ(s, "help")) {
1963 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Unrecognized switch: -%s (-h will show valid options)",s);
1969 #ifndef SECURE_INTERNAL_GETENV
1972 (s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL5OPT")))
1974 const char *popt = s;
1977 if (*s == '-' && *(s+1) == 'T') {
1978 CHECK_MALLOC_TOO_LATE_FOR('T');
1980 PL_taint_warn = FALSE;
1983 char *popt_copy = NULL;
1996 if (!strchr("CDIMUdmtwA", *s))
1997 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Illegal switch in PERL5OPT: -%c", *s);
2001 popt_copy = SvPVX(sv_2mortal(newSVpv(popt,0)));
2002 s = popt_copy + (s - popt);
2003 d = popt_copy + (d - popt);
2010 if( !PL_tainting ) {
2011 PL_taint_warn = TRUE;
2021 #ifdef USE_SITECUSTOMIZE
2024 PL_preambleav = newAV();
2025 av_unshift(PL_preambleav, 1);
2026 (void)av_store(PL_preambleav, 0, Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_ "BEGIN { do '%s/sitecustomize.pl' }", SITELIB_EXP));
2030 if (PL_taint_warn && PL_dowarn != G_WARN_ALL_OFF) {
2031 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = newSVpvn(WARN_TAINTstring, WARNsize);
2035 scriptname = argv[0];
2038 scriptname = BIT_BUCKET; /* don't look for script or read stdin */
2040 else if (scriptname == NULL) {
2042 if ( PerlLIO_isatty(PerlIO_fileno(PerlIO_stdin())) )
2048 /* Set $^X early so that it can be used for relocatable paths in @INC */
2049 assert (!PL_tainted);
2051 S_set_caret_X(aTHX);
2058 = open_script(scriptname, dosearch, sv, &suidscript);
2060 validate_suid(validarg, scriptname, fdscript, suidscript);
2063 # if defined(SIGCHLD) || defined(SIGCLD)
2066 # define SIGCHLD SIGCLD
2068 Sighandler_t sigstate = rsignal_state(SIGCHLD);
2069 if (sigstate == (Sighandler_t) SIG_IGN) {
2070 if (ckWARN(WARN_SIGNAL))
2071 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_SIGNAL),
2072 "Can't ignore signal CHLD, forcing to default");
2073 (void)rsignal(SIGCHLD, (Sighandler_t)SIG_DFL);
2080 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
2081 || gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract
2085 /* This will croak if suidscript is >= 0, as -x cannot be used with
2087 forbid_setid('x', suidscript);
2088 /* Hence you can't get here if suidscript >= 0 */
2091 if (cddir && PerlDir_chdir( (char *)cddir ) < 0)
2092 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't chdir to %s",cddir);
2096 PL_main_cv = PL_compcv = (CV*)newSV(0);
2097 sv_upgrade((SV *)PL_compcv, SVt_PVCV);
2098 CvUNIQUE_on(PL_compcv);
2100 CvPADLIST(PL_compcv) = pad_new(0);
2103 boot_core_UNIVERSAL();
2104 boot_core_xsutils();
2107 (*xsinit)(aTHX); /* in case linked C routines want magical variables */
2109 #if defined(VMS) || defined(WIN32) || defined(DJGPP) || defined(__CYGWIN__) || defined(EPOC) || defined(SYMBIAN)
2115 # ifdef HAS_SOCKS5_INIT
2116 socks5_init(argv[0]);
2122 init_predump_symbols();
2123 /* init_postdump_symbols not currently designed to be called */
2124 /* more than once (ENV isn't cleared first, for example) */
2125 /* But running with -u leaves %ENV & @ARGV undefined! XXX */
2127 init_postdump_symbols(argc,argv,env);
2129 /* PL_unicode is turned on by -C, or by $ENV{PERL_UNICODE},
2130 * or explicitly in some platforms.
2131 * locale.c:Perl_init_i18nl10n() if the environment
2132 * look like the user wants to use UTF-8. */
2133 #if defined(__SYMBIAN32__)
2134 PL_unicode = PERL_UNICODE_STD_FLAG; /* See PERL_SYMBIAN_CONSOLE_UTF8. */
2137 /* Requires init_predump_symbols(). */
2138 if (!(PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_LOCALE_FLAG) || PL_utf8locale) {
2143 /* Turn on UTF-8-ness on STDIN, STDOUT, STDERR
2144 * and the default open disciplines. */
2145 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_STDIN_FLAG) &&
2146 PL_stdingv && (io = GvIO(PL_stdingv)) &&
2148 PerlIO_binmode(aTHX_ fp, IoTYPE(io), 0, ":utf8");
2149 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_STDOUT_FLAG) &&
2150 PL_defoutgv && (io = GvIO(PL_defoutgv)) &&
2152 PerlIO_binmode(aTHX_ fp, IoTYPE(io), 0, ":utf8");
2153 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_STDERR_FLAG) &&
2154 PL_stderrgv && (io = GvIO(PL_stderrgv)) &&
2156 PerlIO_binmode(aTHX_ fp, IoTYPE(io), 0, ":utf8");
2157 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_INOUT_FLAG) &&
2158 (sv = GvSV(gv_fetchpvs("\017PEN", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL,
2160 U32 in = PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_IN_FLAG;
2161 U32 out = PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_OUT_FLAG;
2164 sv_setpvn(sv, ":utf8\0:utf8", 11);
2166 sv_setpvn(sv, ":utf8\0", 6);
2169 sv_setpvn(sv, "\0:utf8", 6);
2175 if ((s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_SIGNALS"))) {
2176 if (strEQ(s, "unsafe"))
2177 PL_signals |= PERL_SIGNALS_UNSAFE_FLAG;
2178 else if (strEQ(s, "safe"))
2179 PL_signals &= ~PERL_SIGNALS_UNSAFE_FLAG;
2181 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "PERL_SIGNALS illegal: \"%s\"", s);
2185 if ((s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_XMLDUMP"))) {
2189 PL_xmlfp = PerlIO_stdout();
2191 PL_xmlfp = PerlIO_open(s, "w");
2193 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't open %s", s);
2195 my_setenv("PERL_XMLDUMP", Nullch); /* hide from subprocs */
2197 if ((s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_MADSKILLS"))) {
2198 PL_madskills = atoi(s);
2199 my_setenv("PERL_MADSKILLS", Nullch); /* hide from subprocs */
2205 /* now parse the script */
2207 SETERRNO(0,SS_NORMAL);
2209 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
2210 if (gMacPerl_SyntaxError = (yyparse() || PL_error_count)) {
2212 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s had compilation errors.\n", MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
2214 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Execution of %s aborted due to compilation errors.\n",
2215 MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
2219 if (yyparse() || PL_error_count) {
2221 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s had compilation errors.\n", PL_origfilename);
2223 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Execution of %s aborted due to compilation errors.\n",
2228 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, 0);
2229 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
2230 PL_preprocess = FALSE;
2232 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_e_script);
2240 SAVECOPFILE(PL_curcop);
2241 SAVECOPLINE(PL_curcop);
2242 gv_check(PL_defstash);
2249 if ((s=PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS")) && atoi(s) >= 2)
2250 dump_mstats("after compilation:");
2259 =for apidoc perl_run
2261 Tells a Perl interpreter to run. See L<perlembed>.
2274 PERL_UNUSED_CONTEXT;
2276 oldscope = PL_scopestack_ix;
2284 cxstack_ix = -1; /* start context stack again */
2286 case 0: /* normal completion */
2290 case 2: /* my_exit() */
2291 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
2294 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
2295 if (!(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_DESTRUCT_END) &&
2296 PL_endav && !PL_minus_c)
2297 call_list(oldscope, PL_endav);
2299 if (PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS"))
2300 dump_mstats("after execution: ");
2306 POPSTACK_TO(PL_mainstack);
2309 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "panic: restartop\n");
2321 S_run_body(pTHX_ I32 oldscope)
2324 DEBUG_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "%s $` $& $' support.\n",
2325 PL_sawampersand ? "Enabling" : "Omitting"));
2327 if (!PL_restartop) {
2331 exit(0); /* less likely to core dump than my_exit(0) */
2334 DEBUG_x(dump_all());
2337 PERL_DEBUG(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "\nEXECUTING...\n\n"));
2339 DEBUG_S(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "main thread is 0x%"UVxf"\n",
2343 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
2344 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "%s%s syntax OK\n",
2345 (gMacPerl_ErrorFormat ? "# " : ""),
2346 MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
2348 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "%s syntax OK\n", PL_origfilename);
2352 if (PERLDB_SINGLE && PL_DBsingle)
2353 sv_setiv(PL_DBsingle, 1);
2355 call_list(oldscope, PL_initav);
2361 PL_op = PL_restartop;
2365 else if (PL_main_start) {
2366 CvDEPTH(PL_main_cv) = 1;
2367 PL_op = PL_main_start;
2375 =head1 SV Manipulation Functions
2377 =for apidoc p||get_sv
2379 Returns the SV of the specified Perl scalar. If C<create> is set and the
2380 Perl variable does not exist then it will be created. If C<create> is not
2381 set and the variable does not exist then NULL is returned.
2387 Perl_get_sv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
2390 gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PV);
2397 =head1 Array Manipulation Functions
2399 =for apidoc p||get_av
2401 Returns the AV of the specified Perl array. If C<create> is set and the
2402 Perl variable does not exist then it will be created. If C<create> is not
2403 set and the variable does not exist then NULL is returned.
2409 Perl_get_av(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
2411 GV* const gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PVAV);
2420 =head1 Hash Manipulation Functions
2422 =for apidoc p||get_hv
2424 Returns the HV of the specified Perl hash. If C<create> is set and the
2425 Perl variable does not exist then it will be created. If C<create> is not
2426 set and the variable does not exist then NULL is returned.
2432 Perl_get_hv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
2434 GV* const gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PVHV);
2443 =head1 CV Manipulation Functions
2445 =for apidoc p||get_cv
2447 Returns the CV of the specified Perl subroutine. If C<create> is set and
2448 the Perl subroutine does not exist then it will be declared (which has the
2449 same effect as saying C<sub name;>). If C<create> is not set and the
2450 subroutine does not exist then NULL is returned.
2456 Perl_get_cv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
2458 GV* const gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PVCV);
2459 /* XXX unsafe for threads if eval_owner isn't held */
2460 /* XXX this is probably not what they think they're getting.
2461 * It has the same effect as "sub name;", i.e. just a forward
2463 if (create && !GvCVu(gv))
2464 return newSUB(start_subparse(FALSE, 0),
2465 newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, newSVpv(name,0)),
2472 /* Be sure to refetch the stack pointer after calling these routines. */
2476 =head1 Callback Functions
2478 =for apidoc p||call_argv
2480 Performs a callback to the specified Perl sub. See L<perlcall>.
2486 Perl_call_argv(pTHX_ const char *sub_name, I32 flags, register char **argv)
2488 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2489 /* null terminated arg list */
2497 XPUSHs(sv_2mortal(newSVpv(*argv,0)));
2502 return call_pv(sub_name, flags);
2506 =for apidoc p||call_pv
2508 Performs a callback to the specified Perl sub. See L<perlcall>.
2514 Perl_call_pv(pTHX_ const char *sub_name, I32 flags)
2515 /* name of the subroutine */
2516 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2518 return call_sv((SV*)get_cv(sub_name, TRUE), flags);
2522 =for apidoc p||call_method
2524 Performs a callback to the specified Perl method. The blessed object must
2525 be on the stack. See L<perlcall>.
2531 Perl_call_method(pTHX_ const char *methname, I32 flags)
2532 /* name of the subroutine */
2533 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2535 return call_sv(sv_2mortal(newSVpv(methname,0)), flags | G_METHOD);
2538 /* May be called with any of a CV, a GV, or an SV containing the name. */
2540 =for apidoc p||call_sv
2542 Performs a callback to the Perl sub whose name is in the SV. See
2549 Perl_call_sv(pTHX_ SV *sv, I32 flags)
2550 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2553 LOGOP myop; /* fake syntax tree node */
2556 volatile I32 retval = 0;
2558 bool oldcatch = CATCH_GET;
2560 OP* const oldop = PL_op;
2563 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2568 Zero(&myop, 1, LOGOP);
2569 myop.op_next = NULL;
2570 if (!(flags & G_NOARGS))
2571 myop.op_flags |= OPf_STACKED;
2572 myop.op_flags |= ((flags & G_VOID) ? OPf_WANT_VOID :
2573 (flags & G_ARRAY) ? OPf_WANT_LIST :
2578 EXTEND(PL_stack_sp, 1);
2579 *++PL_stack_sp = sv;
2581 oldscope = PL_scopestack_ix;
2583 if (PERLDB_SUB && PL_curstash != PL_debstash
2584 /* Handle first BEGIN of -d. */
2585 && (PL_DBcv || (PL_DBcv = GvCV(PL_DBsub)))
2586 /* Try harder, since this may have been a sighandler, thus
2587 * curstash may be meaningless. */
2588 && (SvTYPE(sv) != SVt_PVCV || CvSTASH((CV*)sv) != PL_debstash)
2589 && !(flags & G_NODEBUG))
2590 PL_op->op_private |= OPpENTERSUB_DB;
2592 if (flags & G_METHOD) {
2593 Zero(&method_op, 1, UNOP);
2594 method_op.op_next = PL_op;
2595 method_op.op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_METHOD];
2596 myop.op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_ENTERSUB];
2597 PL_op = (OP*)&method_op;
2600 if (!(flags & G_EVAL)) {
2602 call_body((OP*)&myop, FALSE);
2603 retval = PL_stack_sp - (PL_stack_base + oldmark);
2604 CATCH_SET(oldcatch);
2607 myop.op_other = (OP*)&myop;
2609 create_eval_scope(flags|G_FAKINGEVAL);
2617 call_body((OP*)&myop, FALSE);
2618 retval = PL_stack_sp - (PL_stack_base + oldmark);
2619 if (!(flags & G_KEEPERR))
2620 sv_setpvn(ERRSV,"",0);
2626 /* my_exit() was called */
2627 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
2630 if (PL_statusvalue && !(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_EXPECTED))
2631 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Callback called exit");
2636 PL_op = PL_restartop;
2640 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2641 if (flags & G_ARRAY)
2645 *++PL_stack_sp = &PL_sv_undef;
2650 if (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
2651 delete_eval_scope();
2655 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2656 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2666 S_call_body(pTHX_ const OP *myop, bool is_eval)
2669 if (PL_op == myop) {
2671 PL_op = Perl_pp_entereval(aTHX); /* this doesn't do a POPMARK */
2673 PL_op = Perl_pp_entersub(aTHX); /* this does */
2679 /* Eval a string. The G_EVAL flag is always assumed. */
2682 =for apidoc p||eval_sv
2684 Tells Perl to C<eval> the string in the SV.
2690 Perl_eval_sv(pTHX_ SV *sv, I32 flags)
2692 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2696 UNOP myop; /* fake syntax tree node */
2697 volatile I32 oldmark = SP - PL_stack_base;
2698 volatile I32 retval = 0;
2700 OP* const oldop = PL_op;
2703 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2710 Zero(PL_op, 1, UNOP);
2711 EXTEND(PL_stack_sp, 1);
2712 *++PL_stack_sp = sv;
2714 if (!(flags & G_NOARGS))
2715 myop.op_flags = OPf_STACKED;
2716 myop.op_next = NULL;
2717 myop.op_type = OP_ENTEREVAL;
2718 myop.op_flags |= ((flags & G_VOID) ? OPf_WANT_VOID :
2719 (flags & G_ARRAY) ? OPf_WANT_LIST :
2721 if (flags & G_KEEPERR)
2722 myop.op_flags |= OPf_SPECIAL;
2724 /* fail now; otherwise we could fail after the JMPENV_PUSH but
2725 * before a PUSHEVAL, which corrupts the stack after a croak */
2726 TAINT_PROPER("eval_sv()");
2732 call_body((OP*)&myop,TRUE);
2733 retval = PL_stack_sp - (PL_stack_base + oldmark);
2734 if (!(flags & G_KEEPERR))
2735 sv_setpvn(ERRSV,"",0);
2741 /* my_exit() was called */
2742 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
2745 if (PL_statusvalue && !(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_EXPECTED))
2746 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Callback called exit");
2751 PL_op = PL_restartop;
2755 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2756 if (flags & G_ARRAY)
2760 *++PL_stack_sp = &PL_sv_undef;
2766 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2767 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2777 =for apidoc p||eval_pv
2779 Tells Perl to C<eval> the given string and return an SV* result.
2785 Perl_eval_pv(pTHX_ const char *p, I32 croak_on_error)
2789 SV* sv = newSVpv(p, 0);
2791 eval_sv(sv, G_SCALAR);
2798 if (croak_on_error && SvTRUE(ERRSV)) {
2799 Perl_croak(aTHX_ SvPVx_nolen_const(ERRSV));
2805 /* Require a module. */
2808 =head1 Embedding Functions
2810 =for apidoc p||require_pv
2812 Tells Perl to C<require> the file named by the string argument. It is
2813 analogous to the Perl code C<eval "require '$file'">. It's even
2814 implemented that way; consider using load_module instead.
2819 Perl_require_pv(pTHX_ const char *pv)
2824 PUSHSTACKi(PERLSI_REQUIRE);
2826 sv = Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_ "require q%c%s%c", 0, pv, 0);
2827 eval_sv(sv_2mortal(sv), G_DISCARD);
2833 Perl_magicname(pTHX_ const char *sym, const char *name, I32 namlen)
2835 register GV * const gv = gv_fetchpv(sym, GV_ADD, SVt_PV);
2838 sv_magic(GvSV(gv), (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, namlen);
2842 S_usage(pTHX_ const char *name) /* XXX move this out into a module ? */
2844 /* This message really ought to be max 23 lines.
2845 * Removed -h because the user already knows that option. Others? */
2847 static const char * const usage_msg[] = {
2848 "-0[octal] specify record separator (\\0, if no argument)",
2849 "-A[mod][=pattern] activate all/given assertions",
2850 "-a autosplit mode with -n or -p (splits $_ into @F)",
2851 "-C[number/list] enables the listed Unicode features",
2852 "-c check syntax only (runs BEGIN and CHECK blocks)",
2853 "-d[:debugger] run program under debugger",
2854 "-D[number/list] set debugging flags (argument is a bit mask or alphabets)",
2855 "-e program one line of program (several -e's allowed, omit programfile)",
2856 "-E program like -e, but enables all optional features",
2857 "-f don't do $sitelib/sitecustomize.pl at startup",
2858 "-F/pattern/ split() pattern for -a switch (//'s are optional)",
2859 "-i[extension] edit <> files in place (makes backup if extension supplied)",
2860 "-Idirectory specify @INC/#include directory (several -I's allowed)",
2861 "-l[octal] enable line ending processing, specifies line terminator",
2862 "-[mM][-]module execute \"use/no module...\" before executing program",
2863 "-n assume \"while (<>) { ... }\" loop around program",
2864 "-p assume loop like -n but print line also, like sed",
2865 "-P run program through C preprocessor before compilation",
2866 "-s enable rudimentary parsing for switches after programfile",
2867 "-S look for programfile using PATH environment variable",
2868 "-t enable tainting warnings",
2869 "-T enable tainting checks",
2870 "-u dump core after parsing program",
2871 "-U allow unsafe operations",
2872 "-v print version, subversion (includes VERY IMPORTANT perl info)",
2873 "-V[:variable] print configuration summary (or a single Config.pm variable)",
2874 "-w enable many useful warnings (RECOMMENDED)",
2875 "-W enable all warnings",
2876 "-x[directory] strip off text before #!perl line and perhaps cd to directory",
2877 "-X disable all warnings",
2881 const char * const *p = usage_msg;
2883 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2884 "\nUsage: %s [switches] [--] [programfile] [arguments]",
2887 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(), "\n %s", *p++);
2890 /* convert a string of -D options (or digits) into an int.
2891 * sets *s to point to the char after the options */
2895 Perl_get_debug_opts(pTHX_ const char **s, bool givehelp)
2897 static const char * const usage_msgd[] = {
2898 " Debugging flag values: (see also -d)",
2899 " p Tokenizing and parsing (with v, displays parse stack)",
2900 " s Stack snapshots (with v, displays all stacks)",
2901 " l Context (loop) stack processing",
2902 " t Trace execution",
2903 " o Method and overloading resolution",
2904 " c String/numeric conversions",
2905 " P Print profiling info, preprocessor command for -P, source file input state",
2906 " m Memory allocation",
2907 " f Format processing",
2908 " r Regular expression parsing and execution",
2909 " x Syntax tree dump",
2910 " u Tainting checks",
2911 " H Hash dump -- usurps values()",
2912 " X Scratchpad allocation",
2914 " S Thread synchronization",
2916 " R Include reference counts of dumped variables (eg when using -Ds)",
2917 " J Do not s,t,P-debug (Jump over) opcodes within package DB",
2918 " v Verbose: use in conjunction with other flags",
2920 " A Consistency checks on internal structures",
2921 " q quiet - currently only suppresses the 'EXECUTING' message",
2926 /* if adding extra options, remember to update DEBUG_MASK */
2927 static const char debopts[] = "psltocPmfrxu HXDSTRJvCAq";
2929 for (; isALNUM(**s); (*s)++) {
2930 const char * const d = strchr(debopts,**s);
2932 i |= 1 << (d - debopts);
2933 else if (ckWARN_d(WARN_DEBUGGING))
2934 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEBUGGING),
2935 "invalid option -D%c, use -D'' to see choices\n", **s);
2938 else if (isDIGIT(**s)) {
2940 for (; isALNUM(**s); (*s)++) ;
2942 else if (givehelp) {
2943 const char *const *p = usage_msgd;
2944 while (*p) PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(), "%s\n", *p++);
2947 if ((i & DEBUG_p_FLAG) && ckWARN_d(WARN_DEBUGGING))
2948 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEBUGGING),
2949 "-Dp not implemented on this platform\n");
2955 /* This routine handles any switches that can be given during run */
2958 Perl_moreswitches(pTHX_ char *s)
2969 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_rs);
2970 if (s[1] == 'x' && s[2]) {
2971 const char *e = s+=2;
2977 flags = PERL_SCAN_SILENT_ILLDIGIT;
2978 rschar = (U32)grok_hex(s, &numlen, &flags, NULL);
2979 if (s + numlen < e) {
2980 rschar = 0; /* Grandfather -0xFOO as -0 -xFOO. */
2984 PL_rs = newSVpvs("");
2985 SvGROW(PL_rs, (STRLEN)(UNISKIP(rschar) + 1));
2986 tmps = (U8*)SvPVX(PL_rs);
2987 uvchr_to_utf8(tmps, rschar);
2988 SvCUR_set(PL_rs, UNISKIP(rschar));
2993 rschar = (U32)grok_oct(s, &numlen, &flags, NULL);
2994 if (rschar & ~((U8)~0))
2995 PL_rs = &PL_sv_undef;
2996 else if (!rschar && numlen >= 2)
2997 PL_rs = newSVpvs("");
2999 char ch = (char)rschar;
3000 PL_rs = newSVpvn(&ch, 1);
3003 sv_setsv(get_sv("/", TRUE), PL_rs);
3008 PL_unicode = parse_unicode_opts( (const char **)&s );
3013 while (*s && !isSPACE(*s)) ++s;
3014 PL_splitstr = savepvn(PL_splitstr, s - PL_splitstr);
3025 forbid_setid('d', -1);
3028 /* -dt indicates to the debugger that threads will be used */
3029 if (*s == 't' && !isALNUM(s[1])) {
3031 my_setenv("PERL5DB_THREADED", "1");
3034 /* The following permits -d:Mod to accepts arguments following an =
3035 in the fashion that -MSome::Mod does. */
3036 if (*s == ':' || *s == '=') {
3038 SV * const sv = newSVpvs("use Devel::");
3040 /* We now allow -d:Module=Foo,Bar */
3041 while(isALNUM(*s) || *s==':') ++s;
3043 sv_catpv(sv, start);
3045 sv_catpvn(sv, start, s-start);
3046 /* Don't use NUL as q// delimiter here, this string goes in the
3048 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ sv, " split(/,/,q{%s});", ++s);
3051 my_setenv("PERL5DB", SvPV_nolen_const(sv));
3054 PL_perldb = PERLDB_ALL;
3061 forbid_setid('D', -1);
3063 PL_debug = get_debug_opts( (const char **)&s, 1) | DEBUG_TOP_FLAG;
3064 #else /* !DEBUGGING */
3065 if (ckWARN_d(WARN_DEBUGGING))
3066 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEBUGGING),
3067 "Recompile perl with -DDEBUGGING to use -D switch (did you mean -d ?)\n");
3068 for (s++; isALNUM(*s); s++) ;
3073 usage(PL_origargv[0]);
3076 Safefree(PL_inplace);
3077 #if defined(__CYGWIN__) /* do backup extension automagically */
3078 if (*(s+1) == '\0') {
3079 PL_inplace = savepvs(".bak");
3082 #endif /* __CYGWIN__ */
3084 const char * const start = ++s;
3085 while (*s && !isSPACE(*s))
3088 PL_inplace = savepvn(start, s - start);
3092 if (*s == '-') /* Additional switches on #! line. */
3096 case 'I': /* -I handled both here and in parse_body() */
3097 forbid_setid('I', -1);
3099 while (*s && isSPACE(*s))
3104 /* ignore trailing spaces (possibly followed by other switches) */
3106 for (e = p; *e && !isSPACE(*e); e++) ;
3110 } while (*p && *p != '-');
3111 e = savepvn(s, e-s);
3112 incpush(e, TRUE, TRUE, FALSE, FALSE);
3119 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No directory specified for -I");
3125 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_ors_sv);
3131 PL_ors_sv = newSVpvs("\n");
3132 numlen = 3 + (*s == '0');
3133 *SvPVX(PL_ors_sv) = (char)grok_oct(s, &numlen, &flags, NULL);
3137 if (RsPARA(PL_rs)) {
3138 PL_ors_sv = newSVpvs("\n\n");
3141 PL_ors_sv = newSVsv(PL_rs);
3146 forbid_setid('A', -1);
3148 PL_preambleav = newAV();
3151 char * const start = s;
3152 SV * const sv = newSVpvs("use assertions::activate");
3153 while(isALNUM(*s) || *s == ':') ++s;
3155 sv_catpvs(sv, "::");
3156 sv_catpvn(sv, start, s-start);
3159 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ sv, " split(/,/,q%c%s%c)", 0, ++s, 0);
3162 else if (*s != '\0') {
3163 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't use '%c' after -A%.*s", *s, (int)(s-start), start);
3165 av_push(PL_preambleav, sv);
3169 forbid_setid('M', -1); /* XXX ? */
3172 forbid_setid('m', -1); /* XXX ? */
3176 const char *use = "use ";
3177 /* -M-foo == 'no foo' */
3178 /* Leading space on " no " is deliberate, to make both
3179 possibilities the same length. */
3180 if (*s == '-') { use = " no "; ++s; }
3181 sv = newSVpvn(use,4);
3183 /* We allow -M'Module qw(Foo Bar)' */
3184 while(isALNUM(*s) || *s==':') ++s;
3186 sv_catpv(sv, start);
3187 if (*(start-1) == 'm') {
3189 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't use '%c' after -mname", *s);
3190 sv_catpvs( sv, " ()");
3194 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Module name required with -%c option",
3196 sv_catpvn(sv, start, s-start);
3197 sv_catpvs(sv, " split(/,/,q");
3198 sv_catpvs(sv, "\0"); /* Use NUL as q//-delimiter. */
3200 sv_catpvs(sv, "\0)");
3204 PL_preambleav = newAV();
3205 av_push(PL_preambleav, sv);
3208 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Missing argument to -%c", *(s-1));
3219 forbid_setid('s', -1);
3220 PL_doswitches = TRUE;
3234 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
3235 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Believe me, you don't want to use \"-u\" on a Macintosh");
3237 PL_do_undump = TRUE;
3245 if (!sv_derived_from(PL_patchlevel, "version"))
3246 upg_version(PL_patchlevel);
3248 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3249 Perl_form(aTHX_ "\nThis is perl, %"SVf
3250 #ifdef PERL_PATCHNUM
3251 " DEVEL" STRINGIFY(PERL_PATCHNUM)
3254 vstringify(PL_patchlevel),
3257 /* Adjust verbose output as in the perl that ships with the DG/UX OS from EMC */
3258 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3259 Perl_form(aTHX_ "\nThis is perl, %"SVf"\n",
3260 vstringify(PL_patchlevel)));
3261 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3262 Perl_form(aTHX_ " built under %s at %s %s\n",
3263 OSNAME, __DATE__, __TIME__));
3264 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3265 Perl_form(aTHX_ " OS Specific Release: %s\n",
3269 #if defined(LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT)
3270 if (LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT > 0)
3271 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3272 "\n(with %d registered patch%s, "
3273 "see perl -V for more detail)",
3274 (int)LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT,
3275 (LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT!=1) ? "es" : "");
3278 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3279 "\n\nCopyright 1987-2006, Larry Wall\n");
3280 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
3281 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3282 "\nMac OS port Copyright 1991-2002, Matthias Neeracher;\n"
3283 "maintained by Chris Nandor\n");
3286 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3287 "\nMS-DOS port Copyright (c) 1989, 1990, Diomidis Spinellis\n");
3290 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3291 "djgpp v2 port (jpl5003c) by Hirofumi Watanabe, 1996\n"
3292 "djgpp v2 port (perl5004+) by Laszlo Molnar, 1997-1999\n");
3295 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3296 "\n\nOS/2 port Copyright (c) 1990, 1991, Raymond Chen, Kai Uwe Rommel\n"
3297 "Version 5 port Copyright (c) 1994-2002, Andreas Kaiser, Ilya Zakharevich\n");
3300 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3301 "atariST series port, ++jrb bammi@cadence.com\n");
3304 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3305 "BeOS port Copyright Tom Spindler, 1997-1999\n");
3308 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3309 "MPE/iX port Copyright by Mark Klein and Mark Bixby, 1996-2003\n");
3312 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3313 "MVS (OS390) port by Mortice Kern Systems, 1997-1999\n");
3316 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3317 "Stratus VOS port by Paul.Green@stratus.com, 1997-2002\n");
3320 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3321 "VM/ESA port by Neale Ferguson, 1998-1999\n");
3324 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3325 "BS2000 (POSIX) port by Start Amadeus GmbH, 1998-1999\n");
3328 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3329 "MiNT port by Guido Flohr, 1997-1999\n");
3332 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3333 "EPOC port by Olaf Flebbe, 1999-2002\n");
3336 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),"WINCE port by Rainer Keuchel, 2001-2002\n");
3337 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),"Built on " __DATE__ " " __TIME__ "\n\n");
3340 #ifdef __SYMBIAN32__
3341 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3342 "Symbian port by Nokia, 2004-2005\n");
3344 #ifdef BINARY_BUILD_NOTICE
3345 BINARY_BUILD_NOTICE;
3347 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
3349 Perl may be copied only under the terms of either the Artistic License or the\n\
3350 GNU General Public License, which may be found in the Perl 5 source kit.\n\n\
3351 Complete documentation for Perl, including FAQ lists, should be found on\n\
3352 this system using \"man perl\" or \"perldoc perl\". If you have access to the\n\
3353 Internet, point your browser at http://www.perl.org/, the Perl Home Page.\n\n");
3356 if (! (PL_dowarn & G_WARN_ALL_MASK))
3357 PL_dowarn |= G_WARN_ON;
3361 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_ALL_ON|G_WARN_ON;
3362 if (!specialWARN(PL_compiling.cop_warnings))
3363 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compiling.cop_warnings);
3364 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = pWARN_ALL ;
3368 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_ALL_OFF;
3369 if (!specialWARN(PL_compiling.cop_warnings))
3370 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compiling.cop_warnings);
3371 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = pWARN_NONE ;
3376 if (s[1] == '-') /* Additional switches on #! line. */
3381 #if defined(WIN32) || !defined(PERL_STRICT_CR)
3387 #ifdef ALTERNATE_SHEBANG
3388 case 'S': /* OS/2 needs -S on "extproc" line. */
3396 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't emulate -%.1s on #! line",s);
3401 /* compliments of Tom Christiansen */
3403 /* unexec() can be found in the Gnu emacs distribution */
3404 /* Known to work with -DUNEXEC and using unexelf.c from GNU emacs-20.2 */
3407 Perl_my_unexec(pTHX)
3409 PERL_UNUSED_CONTEXT;
3411 SV * prog = newSVpv(BIN_EXP, 0);
3412 SV * file = newSVpv(PL_origfilename, 0);
3416 sv_catpvs(prog, "/perl");
3417 sv_catpvs(file, ".perldump");
3419 unexec(SvPVX(file), SvPVX(prog), &etext, sbrk(0), 0);
3420 /* unexec prints msg to stderr in case of failure */
3421 PerlProc_exit(status);
3424 # include <lib$routines.h>
3425 lib$signal(SS$_DEBUG); /* ssdef.h #included from vmsish.h */
3426 # elif defined(WIN32) || defined(__CYGWIN__)
3427 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "dump is not supported");
3429 ABORT(); /* for use with undump */
3434 /* initialize curinterp */
3440 # define PERLVAR(var,type)
3441 # define PERLVARA(var,n,type)
3442 # if defined(PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT)
3443 # define PERLVARI(var,type,init) aTHX->var = init;
3444 # define PERLVARIC(var,type,init) aTHX->var = init;
3446 # define PERLVARI(var,type,init) PERL_GET_INTERP->var = init;
3447 # define PERLVARIC(var,type,init) PERL_GET_INTERP->var = init;
3449 # include "intrpvar.h"
3450 # include "thrdvar.h"
3456 # define PERLVAR(var,type)
3457 # define PERLVARA(var,n,type)
3458 # define PERLVARI(var,type,init) PL_##var = init;
3459 # define PERLVARIC(var,type,init) PL_##var = init;
3460 # include "intrpvar.h"
3461 # include "thrdvar.h"
3471 S_init_main_stash(pTHX)
3476 PL_curstash = PL_defstash = newHV();
3477 /* We know that the string "main" will be in the global shared string
3478 table, so it's a small saving to use it rather than allocate another
3480 PL_curstname = newSVpvs_share("main");
3481 gv = gv_fetchpvs("main::", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PVHV);
3482 /* If we hadn't caused another reference to "main" to be in the shared
3483 string table above, then it would be worth reordering these two,
3484 because otherwise all we do is delete "main" from it as a consequence
3485 of the SvREFCNT_dec, only to add it again with hv_name_set */
3486 SvREFCNT_dec(GvHV(gv));
3487 hv_name_set(PL_defstash, "main", 4, 0);
3488 GvHV(gv) = (HV*)SvREFCNT_inc_simple(PL_defstash);
3490 PL_incgv = gv_HVadd(gv_AVadd(gv_fetchpvs("INC", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL,
3492 SvREFCNT_inc_simple(PL_incgv); /* Don't allow it to be freed */
3493 GvMULTI_on(PL_incgv);
3494 PL_hintgv = gv_fetchpvs("\010", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PV); /* ^H */
3495 GvMULTI_on(PL_hintgv);
3496 PL_defgv = gv_fetchpvs("_", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PVAV);
3497 SvREFCNT_inc_simple(PL_defgv);
3498 PL_errgv = gv_HVadd(gv_fetchpvs("@", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PV));
3499 SvREFCNT_inc_simple(PL_errgv);
3500 GvMULTI_on(PL_errgv);
3501 PL_replgv = gv_fetchpvs("\022", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PV); /* ^R */
3502 GvMULTI_on(PL_replgv);
3503 (void)Perl_form(aTHX_ "%240s",""); /* Preallocate temp - for immediate signals. */
3504 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
3507 sv_grow(ERRSV, 240); /* Preallocate - for immediate signals. */
3508 sv_setpvn(ERRSV, "", 0);
3509 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
3510 CopSTASH_set(&PL_compiling, PL_defstash);
3511 PL_debstash = GvHV(gv_fetchpvs("DB::", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV));
3512 PL_globalstash = GvHV(gv_fetchpvs("CORE::GLOBAL::", GV_ADDMULTI,
3514 /* We must init $/ before switches are processed. */
3515 sv_setpvn(get_sv("/", TRUE), "\n", 1);
3519 S_open_script(pTHX_ const char *scriptname, bool dosearch, SV *sv,
3525 const char *cpp_discard_flag;
3534 PL_origfilename = savepvs("-e");
3537 /* if find_script() returns, it returns a malloc()-ed value */
3538 scriptname = PL_origfilename = find_script(scriptname, dosearch, NULL, 1);
3540 if (strnEQ(scriptname, "/dev/fd/", 8) && isDIGIT(scriptname[8]) ) {
3541 const char *s = scriptname + 8;
3547 * Tell apart "normal" usage of fdscript, e.g.
3548 * with bash on FreeBSD:
3549 * perl <( echo '#!perl -DA'; echo 'print "$0\n"')
3550 * from usage in suidperl.
3551 * Does any "normal" usage leave garbage after the number???
3552 * Is it a mistake to use a similar /dev/fd/ construct for
3557 * Be supersafe and do some sanity-checks.
3558 * Still, can we be sure we got the right thing?
3561 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Wrong syntax (suid) fd script name \"%s\"\n", s);
3564 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Missing (suid) fd script name\n");
3566 scriptname = savepv(s + 1);
3567 Safefree(PL_origfilename);
3568 PL_origfilename = (char *)scriptname;
3573 CopFILE_free(PL_curcop);
3574 CopFILE_set(PL_curcop, PL_origfilename);
3575 if (*PL_origfilename == '-' && PL_origfilename[1] == '\0')
3576 scriptname = (char *)"";
3577 if (fdscript >= 0) {
3578 PL_rsfp = PerlIO_fdopen(fdscript,PERL_SCRIPT_MODE);
3579 # if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
3581 /* ensure close-on-exec */
3582 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),F_SETFD,1);
3587 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "sperl needs fd script\n"
3588 "You should not call sperl directly; do you need to "
3589 "change a #! line\nfrom sperl to perl?\n");
3592 * Do not open (or do other fancy stuff) while setuid.
3593 * Perl does the open, and hands script to suidperl on a fd;
3594 * suidperl only does some checks, sets up UIDs and re-execs
3595 * perl with that fd as it has always done.
3598 if (*suidscript != 1) {
3599 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "suidperl needs (suid) fd script\n");
3602 else if (PL_preprocess) {
3603 const char * const cpp_cfg = CPPSTDIN;
3604 SV * const cpp = newSVpvs("");
3605 SV * const cmd = newSV(0);
3607 if (cpp_cfg[0] == 0) /* PERL_MICRO? */
3608 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't run with cpp -P with CPPSTDIN undefined");
3609 if (strEQ(cpp_cfg, "cppstdin"))
3610 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ cpp, "%s/", BIN_EXP);
3611 sv_catpv(cpp, cpp_cfg);
3614 sv_catpvs(sv, "-I");
3615 sv_catpv(sv,PRIVLIB_EXP);
3618 DEBUG_P(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
3619 "PL_preprocess: scriptname=\"%s\", cpp=\"%s\", sv=\"%s\", CPPMINUS=\"%s\"\n",
3620 scriptname, SvPVX_const (cpp), SvPVX_const (sv),
3623 # if defined(MSDOS) || defined(WIN32) || defined(VMS)
3630 cpp_discard_flag = "";
3632 cpp_discard_flag = "-C";
3636 perl = os2_execname(aTHX);
3638 perl = PL_origargv[0];
3642 /* This strips off Perl comments which might interfere with
3643 the C pre-processor, including #!. #line directives are
3644 deliberately stripped to avoid confusion with Perl's version
3645 of #line. FWP played some golf with it so it will fit
3646 into VMS's 255 character buffer.
3649 code = "(1../^#!.*perl/i)|/^\\s*#(?!\\s*((ifn?|un)def|(el|end)?if|define|include|else|error|pragma)\\b)/||!($|=1)||print";
3651 code = "/^\\s*#(?!\\s*((ifn?|un)def|(el|end)?if|define|include|else|error|pragma)\\b)/||!($|=1)||print";
3653 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ cmd, "\
3654 %s -ne%s%s%s %s | %"SVf" %s %"SVf" %s",
3655 perl, quote, code, quote, scriptname, cpp,
3656 cpp_discard_flag, sv, CPPMINUS);
3658 PL_doextract = FALSE;
3660 DEBUG_P(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
3661 "PL_preprocess: cmd=\"%s\"\n",
3664 PL_rsfp = PerlProc_popen((char *)SvPVX_const(cmd), (char *)"r");
3668 else if (!*scriptname) {
3669 forbid_setid(0, *suidscript);
3670 PL_rsfp = PerlIO_stdin();
3673 PL_rsfp = PerlIO_open(scriptname,PERL_SCRIPT_MODE);
3674 # if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
3676 /* ensure close-on-exec */
3677 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),F_SETFD,1);
3680 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3682 /* PSz 16 Sep 03 Keep neat error message */
3684 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't open "BIT_BUCKET": %s\n", Strerror(errno));
3686 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't open perl script \"%s\": %s\n",
3687 CopFILE(PL_curcop), Strerror(errno));
3693 * I_SYSSTATVFS HAS_FSTATVFS
3695 * I_STATFS HAS_FSTATFS HAS_GETFSSTAT
3696 * I_MNTENT HAS_GETMNTENT HAS_HASMNTOPT
3697 * here so that metaconfig picks them up. */
3701 S_fd_on_nosuid_fs(pTHX_ int fd)
3704 * We used to do this as "plain" user (after swapping UIDs with setreuid);
3705 * but is needed also on machines without setreuid.
3706 * Seems safe enough to run as root.
3708 int check_okay = 0; /* able to do all the required sys/libcalls */
3709 int on_nosuid = 0; /* the fd is on a nosuid fs */
3711 * Need to check noexec also: nosuid might not be set, the average
3712 * sysadmin would say that nosuid is irrelevant once he sets noexec.
3714 int on_noexec = 0; /* the fd is on a noexec fs */
3717 * Preferred order: fstatvfs(), fstatfs(), ustat()+getmnt(), getmntent().
3718 * fstatvfs() is UNIX98.
3719 * fstatfs() is 4.3 BSD.
3720 * ustat()+getmnt() is pre-4.3 BSD.
3721 * getmntent() is O(number-of-mounted-filesystems) and can hang on
3722 * an irrelevant filesystem while trying to reach the right one.
3725 #undef FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY /* found the syscalls to do the check? */
3727 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3728 defined(HAS_FSTATVFS)
3729 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3730 struct statvfs stfs;
3732 check_okay = fstatvfs(fd, &stfs) == 0;
3733 on_nosuid = check_okay && (stfs.f_flag & ST_NOSUID);
3735 /* ST_NOEXEC certainly absent on AIX 5.1, and doesn't seem to be documented
3736 on platforms where it is present. */
3737 on_noexec = check_okay && (stfs.f_flag & ST_NOEXEC);
3739 # endif /* fstatvfs */
3741 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3742 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID) && \
3743 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC) && \
3744 defined(HAS_FSTATFS) && \
3745 defined(HAS_STRUCT_STATFS) && \
3746 defined(HAS_STRUCT_STATFS_F_FLAGS)
3747 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3750 check_okay = fstatfs(fd, &stfs) == 0;
3751 on_nosuid = check_okay && (stfs.f_flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID);
3752 on_noexec = check_okay && (stfs.f_flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC);
3753 # endif /* fstatfs */
3755 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3756 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID) && \
3757 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC) && \
3758 defined(HAS_FSTAT) && \
3759 defined(HAS_USTAT) && \
3760 defined(HAS_GETMNT) && \
3761 defined(HAS_STRUCT_FS_DATA) && \
3763 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3766 if (fstat(fd, &fdst) == 0) {
3768 if (ustat(fdst.st_dev, &us) == 0) {
3770 /* NOSTAT_ONE here because we're not examining fields which
3771 * vary between that case and STAT_ONE. */
3772 if (getmnt((int*)0, &fsd, (int)0, NOSTAT_ONE, us.f_fname) == 0) {
3773 size_t cmplen = sizeof(us.f_fname);
3774 if (sizeof(fsd.fd_req.path) < cmplen)
3775 cmplen = sizeof(fsd.fd_req.path);
3776 if (strnEQ(fsd.fd_req.path, us.f_fname, cmplen) &&
3777 fdst.st_dev == fsd.fd_req.dev) {
3779 on_nosuid = fsd.fd_req.flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID;
3780 on_noexec = fsd.fd_req.flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC;
3785 # endif /* fstat+ustat+getmnt */
3787 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3788 defined(HAS_GETMNTENT) && \
3789 defined(HAS_HASMNTOPT) && \
3790 defined(MNTOPT_NOSUID) && \
3791 defined(MNTOPT_NOEXEC)
3792 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3793 FILE *mtab = fopen("/etc/mtab", "r");
3794 struct mntent *entry;
3797 if (mtab && (fstat(fd, &stb) == 0)) {
3798 while (entry = getmntent(mtab)) {
3799 if (stat(entry->mnt_dir, &fsb) == 0
3800 && fsb.st_dev == stb.st_dev)
3802 /* found the filesystem */
3804 if (hasmntopt(entry, MNTOPT_NOSUID))
3806 if (hasmntopt(entry, MNTOPT_NOEXEC))
3809 } /* A single fs may well fail its stat(). */
3814 # endif /* getmntent+hasmntopt */
3817 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't check filesystem of script \"%s\" for nosuid/noexec", PL_origfilename);
3819 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script \"%s\" on nosuid filesystem", PL_origfilename);
3821 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script \"%s\" on noexec filesystem", PL_origfilename);
3822 return ((!check_okay) || on_nosuid || on_noexec);
3824 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3827 S_validate_suid(pTHX_ const char *validarg, const char *scriptname,
3828 int fdscript, int suidscript)
3833 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3835 /* do we need to emulate setuid on scripts? */
3837 /* This code is for those BSD systems that have setuid #! scripts disabled
3838 * in the kernel because of a security problem. Merely defining DOSUID
3839 * in perl will not fix that problem, but if you have disabled setuid
3840 * scripts in the kernel, this will attempt to emulate setuid and setgid
3841 * on scripts that have those now-otherwise-useless bits set. The setuid
3842 * root version must be called suidperl or sperlN.NNN. If regular perl
3843 * discovers that it has opened a setuid script, it calls suidperl with
3844 * the same argv that it had. If suidperl finds that the script it has
3845 * just opened is NOT setuid root, it sets the effective uid back to the
3846 * uid. We don't just make perl setuid root because that loses the
3847 * effective uid we had before invoking perl, if it was different from the
3850 * Description/comments above do not match current workings:
3851 * suidperl must be hardlinked to sperlN.NNN (that is what we exec);
3852 * suidperl called with script open and name changed to /dev/fd/N/X;
3853 * suidperl croaks if script is not setuid;
3854 * making perl setuid would be a huge security risk (and yes, that
3855 * would lose any euid we might have had).
3857 * DOSUID must be defined in both perl and suidperl, and IAMSUID must
3858 * be defined in suidperl only. suidperl must be setuid root. The
3859 * Configure script will set this up for you if you want it.
3865 if (PerlLIO_fstat(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),&PL_statbuf) < 0) /* normal stat is insecure */
3866 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't stat script \"%s\"",PL_origfilename);
3867 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & (S_ISUID|S_ISGID)) {
3869 const char *linestr;
3873 if (fdscript < 0 || suidscript != 1)
3874 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Need (suid) fdscript in suidperl\n"); /* We already checked this */
3876 * Since the script is opened by perl, not suidperl, some of these
3877 * checks are superfluous. Leaving them in probably does not lower
3881 * Do checks even for systems with no HAS_SETREUID.
3882 * We used to swap, then re-swap UIDs with
3884 if (setreuid(PL_euid,PL_uid) < 0
3885 || PerlProc_getuid() != PL_euid || PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_uid)
3886 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't swap uid and euid");
3889 if (setreuid(PL_uid,PL_euid) < 0
3890 || PerlProc_getuid() != PL_uid || PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_euid)
3891 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't reswap uid and euid");
3895 /* On this access check to make sure the directories are readable,
3896 * there is actually a small window that the user could use to make
3897 * filename point to an accessible directory. So there is a faint
3898 * chance that someone could execute a setuid script down in a
3899 * non-accessible directory. I don't know what to do about that.
3900 * But I don't think it's too important. The manual lies when
3901 * it says access() is useful in setuid programs.
3903 * So, access() is pretty useless... but not harmful... do anyway.
3905 if (PerlLIO_access(CopFILE(PL_curcop),1)) { /*double check*/
3906 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't access() script\n");
3909 /* If we can swap euid and uid, then we can determine access rights
3910 * with a simple stat of the file, and then compare device and
3911 * inode to make sure we did stat() on the same file we opened.
3912 * Then we just have to make sure he or she can execute it.
3915 * As the script is opened by perl, not suidperl, we do not need to
3916 * care much about access rights.
3918 * The 'script changed' check is needed, or we can get lied to
3919 * about $0 with e.g.
3920 * suidperl /dev/fd/4//bin/x 4<setuidscript
3921 * Without HAS_SETREUID, is it safe to stat() as root?
3923 * Are there any operating systems that pass /dev/fd/xxx for setuid
3924 * scripts, as suggested/described in perlsec(1)? Surely they do not
3925 * pass the script name as we do, so the "script changed" test would
3926 * fail for them... but we never get here with
3927 * SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW defined.
3929 * This is one place where we must "lie" about return status: not
3930 * say if the stat() failed. We are doing this as root, and could
3931 * be tricked into reporting existence or not of files that the
3932 * "plain" user cannot even see.
3936 if (PerlLIO_stat(CopFILE(PL_curcop),&tmpstatbuf) < 0 ||
3937 tmpstatbuf.st_dev != PL_statbuf.st_dev ||
3938 tmpstatbuf.st_ino != PL_statbuf.st_ino) {
3939 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script changed\n");
3943 if (!cando(S_IXUSR,FALSE,&PL_statbuf)) /* can real uid exec? */
3944 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Real UID cannot exec script\n");
3947 * We used to do this check as the "plain" user (after swapping
3948 * UIDs). But the check for nosuid and noexec filesystem is needed,
3949 * and should be done even without HAS_SETREUID. (Maybe those
3950 * operating systems do not have such mount options anyway...)
3951 * Seems safe enough to do as root.
3953 #if !defined(NO_NOSUID_CHECK)
3954 if (fd_on_nosuid_fs(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp))) {
3955 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script on nosuid or noexec filesystem\n");
3958 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3960 if (!S_ISREG(PL_statbuf.st_mode)) {
3961 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script not plain file\n");
3963 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_IWOTH)
3964 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid/gid script is writable by world");
3965 PL_doswitches = FALSE; /* -s is insecure in suid */
3966 /* PSz 13 Nov 03 But -s was caught elsewhere ... so unsetting it here is useless(?!) */
3967 CopLINE_inc(PL_curcop);
3968 if (sv_gets(PL_linestr, PL_rsfp, 0) == NULL)
3969 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No #! line");
3970 linestr = SvPV_nolen_const(PL_linestr);
3971 /* required even on Sys V */
3972 if (!*linestr || !linestr[1] || strnNE(linestr,"#!",2))
3973 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No #! line");
3977 /* Sanity check on line length */
3978 s_end = s + strlen(s);
3979 if (s_end == s || (s_end - s) > 4000)
3980 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Very long #! line");
3981 /* Allow more than a single space after #! */
3982 while (isSPACE(*s)) s++;
3983 /* Sanity check on buffer end */
3984 while ((*s) && !isSPACE(*s)) s++;
3985 for (s2 = s; (s2 > linestr &&
3986 (isDIGIT(s2[-1]) || s2[-1] == '.' || s2[-1] == '_'
3987 || s2[-1] == '-')); s2--) ;
3988 /* Sanity check on buffer start */
3989 if ( (s2-4 < linestr || strnNE(s2-4,"perl",4)) &&
3990 (s-9 < linestr || strnNE(s-9,"perl",4)) )
3991 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Not a perl script");
3992 while (*s == ' ' || *s == '\t') s++;
3994 * #! arg must be what we saw above. They can invoke it by
3995 * mentioning suidperl explicitly, but they may not add any strange
3996 * arguments beyond what #! says if they do invoke suidperl that way.
3999 * The way validarg was set up, we rely on the kernel to start
4000 * scripts with argv[1] set to contain all #! line switches (the
4004 * Check that we got all the arguments listed in the #! line (not
4005 * just that there are no extraneous arguments). Might not matter
4006 * much, as switches from #! line seem to be acted upon (also), and
4007 * so may be checked and trapped in perl. But, security checks must
4008 * be done in suidperl and not deferred to perl. Note that suidperl
4009 * does not get around to parsing (and checking) the switches on
4010 * the #! line (but execs perl sooner).
4011 * Allow (require) a trailing newline (which may be of two
4012 * characters on some architectures?) (but no other trailing
4015 len = strlen(validarg);
4016 if (strEQ(validarg," PHOOEY ") ||
4017 strnNE(s,validarg,len) || !isSPACE(s[len]) ||
4018 !((s_end - s) == len+1
4019 || ((s_end - s) == len+2 && isSPACE(s[len+1]))))
4020 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Args must match #! line");
4024 PL_euid != PL_uid && (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISUID) &&
4025 PL_euid == PL_statbuf.st_uid)
4027 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "YOU HAVEN'T DISABLED SET-ID SCRIPTS IN THE KERNEL YET!\n\
4028 FIX YOUR KERNEL, OR PUT A C WRAPPER AROUND THIS SCRIPT!\n");
4029 #endif /* IAMSUID */
4032 PL_euid) { /* oops, we're not the setuid root perl */
4034 * When root runs a setuid script, we do not go through the same
4035 * steps of execing sperl and then perl with fd scripts, but
4036 * simply set up UIDs within the same perl invocation; so do
4037 * not have the same checks (on options, whatever) that we have
4038 * for plain users. No problem really: would have to be a script
4039 * that does not actually work for plain users; and if root is
4040 * foolish and can be persuaded to run such an unsafe script, he
4041 * might run also non-setuid ones, and deserves what he gets.
4043 * Or, we might drop the PL_euid check above (and rely just on
4044 * fdscript to avoid loops), and do the execs
4050 * Pass fd script to suidperl.
4051 * Exec suidperl, substituting fd script for scriptname.
4052 * Pass script name as "subdir" of fd, which perl will grok;
4053 * in fact will use that to distinguish this from "normal"
4054 * usage, see comments above.
4056 PerlIO_rewind(PL_rsfp);
4057 PerlLIO_lseek(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),(Off_t)0,0); /* just in case rewind didn't */
4058 /* PSz 27 Feb 04 Sanity checks on scriptname */
4059 if ((!scriptname) || (!*scriptname) ) {
4060 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No setuid script name\n");
4062 if (*scriptname == '-') {
4063 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script name may not begin with dash\n");
4064 /* Or we might confuse it with an option when replacing
4065 * name in argument list, below (though we do pointer, not
4066 * string, comparisons).
4069 for (which = 1; PL_origargv[which] && PL_origargv[which] != scriptname; which++) ;
4070 if (!PL_origargv[which]) {
4071 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't change argv to have fd script\n");
4073 PL_origargv[which] = savepv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "/dev/fd/%d/%s",
4074 PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp), PL_origargv[which]));
4075 #if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
4076 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),F_SETFD,0); /* ensure no close-on-exec */
4079 PerlProc_execv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "%s/sperl"PERL_FS_VER_FMT, BIN_EXP,
4080 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
4081 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION), PL_origargv);
4083 #endif /* IAMSUID */
4084 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do setuid (cannot exec sperl)\n");
4087 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISGID && PL_statbuf.st_gid != PL_egid) {
4089 * This seems back to front: we try HAS_SETEGID first; if not available
4090 * then try HAS_SETREGID; as a last chance we try HAS_SETRESGID. May be OK
4091 * in the sense that we only want to set EGID; but are there any machines
4092 * with either of the latter, but not the former? Same with UID, later.
4095 (void)setegid(PL_statbuf.st_gid);
4098 (void)setregid((Gid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_gid);
4100 #ifdef HAS_SETRESGID
4101 (void)setresgid((Gid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_gid,(Gid_t)-1);
4103 PerlProc_setgid(PL_statbuf.st_gid);
4107 if (PerlProc_getegid() != PL_statbuf.st_gid)
4108 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do setegid!\n");
4110 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISUID) {
4111 if (PL_statbuf.st_uid != PL_euid)
4113 (void)seteuid(PL_statbuf.st_uid); /* all that for this */
4116 (void)setreuid((Uid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_uid);
4118 #ifdef HAS_SETRESUID
4119 (void)setresuid((Uid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_uid,(Uid_t)-1);
4121 PerlProc_setuid(PL_statbuf.st_uid);
4125 if (PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_statbuf.st_uid)
4126 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do seteuid!\n");
4128 else if (PL_uid) { /* oops, mustn't run as root */
4130 (void)seteuid((Uid_t)PL_uid);
4133 (void)setreuid((Uid_t)-1,(Uid_t)PL_uid);
4135 #ifdef HAS_SETRESUID
4136 (void)setresuid((Uid_t)-1,(Uid_t)PL_uid,(Uid_t)-1);
4138 PerlProc_setuid((Uid_t)PL_uid);
4142 if (PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_uid)
4143 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do seteuid!\n");
4146 if (!cando(S_IXUSR,TRUE,&PL_statbuf))
4147 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Effective UID cannot exec script\n"); /* they can't do this */
4150 else if (PL_preprocess) /* PSz 13 Nov 03 Caught elsewhere, useless(?!) here */
4151 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "-P not allowed for setuid/setgid script\n");
4152 else if (fdscript < 0 || suidscript != 1)
4153 /* PSz 13 Nov 03 Caught elsewhere, useless(?!) here */
4154 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "(suid) fdscript needed in suidperl\n");
4156 /* PSz 16 Sep 03 Keep neat error message */
4157 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Script is not setuid/setgid in suidperl\n");
4160 /* We absolutely must clear out any saved ids here, so we */
4161 /* exec the real perl, substituting fd script for scriptname. */
4162 /* (We pass script name as "subdir" of fd, which perl will grok.) */
4164 * It might be thought that using setresgid and/or setresuid (changed to
4165 * set the saved IDs) above might obviate the need to exec, and we could
4166 * go on to "do the perl thing".
4168 * Is there such a thing as "saved GID", and is that set for setuid (but
4169 * not setgid) execution like suidperl? Without exec, it would not be
4170 * cleared for setuid (but not setgid) scripts (or might need a dummy
4173 * We need suidperl to do the exact same argument checking that perl
4174 * does. Thus it cannot be very small; while it could be significantly
4175 * smaller, it is safer (simpler?) to make it essentially the same
4176 * binary as perl (but they are not identical). - Maybe could defer that
4177 * check to the invoked perl, and suidperl be a tiny wrapper instead;
4178 * but prefer to do thorough checks in suidperl itself. Such deferral
4179 * would make suidperl security rely on perl, a design no-no.
4181 * Setuid things should be short and simple, thus easy to understand and
4182 * verify. They should do their "own thing", without influence by
4183 * attackers. It may help if their internal execution flow is fixed,
4184 * regardless of platform: it may be best to exec anyway.
4186 * Suidperl should at least be conceptually simple: a wrapper only,
4187 * never to do any real perl. Maybe we should put
4189 * Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Suidperl should never do real perl\n");
4191 * into the perly bits.
4193 PerlIO_rewind(PL_rsfp);
4194 PerlLIO_lseek(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),(Off_t)0,0); /* just in case rewind didn't */
4196 * Keep original arguments: suidperl already has fd script.
4198 /* for (which = 1; PL_origargv[which] && PL_origargv[which] != scriptname; which++) ; */
4199 /* if (!PL_origargv[which]) { */
4200 /* errno = EPERM; */
4201 /* Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Permission denied\n"); */
4203 /* PL_origargv[which] = savepv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "/dev/fd/%d/%s", */
4204 /* PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp), PL_origargv[which])); */
4205 #if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
4206 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),F_SETFD,0); /* ensure no close-on-exec */
4209 PerlProc_execv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "%s/perl"PERL_FS_VER_FMT, BIN_EXP,
4210 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
4211 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION), PL_origargv);/* try again */
4213 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do setuid (suidperl cannot exec perl)\n");
4214 #endif /* IAMSUID */
4216 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(fdscript);
4217 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(suidscript);
4218 if (PL_euid != PL_uid || PL_egid != PL_gid) { /* (suidperl doesn't exist, in fact) */
4219 #ifndef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
4220 PerlLIO_fstat(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),&PL_statbuf); /* may be either wrapped or real suid */
4221 if ((PL_euid != PL_uid && PL_euid == PL_statbuf.st_uid && PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISUID)
4223 (PL_egid != PL_gid && PL_egid == PL_statbuf.st_gid && PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISGID)
4226 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "YOU HAVEN'T DISABLED SET-ID SCRIPTS IN THE KERNEL YET!\n\
4227 FIX YOUR KERNEL, PUT A C WRAPPER AROUND THIS SCRIPT, OR USE -u AND UNDUMP!\n");
4228 #endif /* SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW */
4229 /* not set-id, must be wrapped */
4232 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(validarg);
4233 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(scriptname);
4237 S_find_beginning(pTHX)
4241 register const char *s2;
4242 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4246 /* skip forward in input to the real script? */
4248 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4249 /* Since the Mac OS does not honor #! arguments for us, we do it ourselves */
4251 while (PL_doextract || gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract) {
4252 if ((s = sv_gets(PL_linestr, PL_rsfp, 0)) == NULL) {
4253 if (!gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract)
4254 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No Perl script found in input\n");
4256 if (PL_doextract) /* require explicit override ? */
4257 if (!OverrideExtract(PL_origfilename))
4258 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "User aborted script\n");
4260 PL_doextract = FALSE;
4262 /* Pater peccavi, file does not have #! */
4263 PerlIO_rewind(PL_rsfp);
4268 while (PL_doextract) {
4269 if ((s = sv_gets(PL_linestr, PL_rsfp, 0)) == NULL)
4270 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No Perl script found in input\n");
4273 if (*s == '#' && s[1] == '!' && ((s = instr(s,"perl")) || (s = instr(s2,"PERL")))) {
4274 PerlIO_ungetc(PL_rsfp, '\n'); /* to keep line count right */
4275 PL_doextract = FALSE;
4276 while (*s && !(isSPACE (*s) || *s == '#')) s++;
4278 while (*s == ' ' || *s == '\t') s++;
4280 while (isDIGIT(s2[-1]) || s2[-1] == '-' || s2[-1] == '.'
4281 || s2[-1] == '_') s2--;
4282 if (strnEQ(s2-4,"perl",4))
4283 while ((s = moreswitches(s)))
4286 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4287 /* We are always searching for the #!perl line in MacPerl,
4288 * so if we find it, still keep the line count correct
4289 * by counting lines we already skipped over
4291 for (; maclines > 0 ; maclines--)
4292 PerlIO_ungetc(PL_rsfp, '\n');
4296 /* gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract is false in MPW tool */
4297 } else if (gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract) {
4309 PL_uid = PerlProc_getuid();
4310 PL_euid = PerlProc_geteuid();
4311 PL_gid = PerlProc_getgid();
4312 PL_egid = PerlProc_getegid();
4314 PL_uid |= PL_gid << 16;
4315 PL_euid |= PL_egid << 16;
4317 /* Should not happen: */
4318 CHECK_MALLOC_TAINT(PL_uid && (PL_euid != PL_uid || PL_egid != PL_gid));
4319 PL_tainting |= (PL_uid && (PL_euid != PL_uid || PL_egid != PL_gid));
4322 * Should go by suidscript, not uid!=euid: why disallow
4323 * system("ls") in scripts run from setuid things?
4324 * Or, is this run before we check arguments and set suidscript?
4325 * What about SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW: could we use fdscript then?
4326 * (We never have suidscript, can we be sure to have fdscript?)
4327 * Or must then go by UID checks? See comments in forbid_setid also.
4331 /* This is used very early in the lifetime of the program,
4332 * before even the options are parsed, so PL_tainting has
4333 * not been initialized properly. */
4335 Perl_doing_taint(int argc, char *argv[], char *envp[])
4337 #ifndef PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
4338 /* If we have PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS we can't call getuid() et alia
4339 * before we have an interpreter-- and the whole point of this
4340 * function is to be called at such an early stage. If you are on
4341 * a system with PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS but you do have a concept of
4342 * "tainted because running with altered effective ids', you'll
4343 * have to add your own checks somewhere in here. The two most
4344 * known samples of 'implicitness' are Win32 and NetWare, neither
4345 * of which has much of concept of 'uids'. */
4346 int uid = PerlProc_getuid();
4347 int euid = PerlProc_geteuid();
4348 int gid = PerlProc_getgid();
4349 int egid = PerlProc_getegid();
4356 if (uid && (euid != uid || egid != gid))
4358 #endif /* !PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS */
4359 /* This is a really primitive check; environment gets ignored only
4360 * if -T are the first chars together; otherwise one gets
4361 * "Too late" message. */
4362 if ( argc > 1 && argv[1][0] == '-'
4363 && (argv[1][1] == 't' || argv[1][1] == 'T') )
4368 /* Passing the flag as a single char rather than a string is a slight space
4369 optimisation. The only message that isn't /^-.$/ is
4370 "program input from stdin", which is substituted in place of '\0', which
4371 could never be a command line flag. */
4373 S_forbid_setid(pTHX_ const char flag, const int suidscript)
4376 char string[3] = "-x";
4377 const char *message = "program input from stdin";
4384 #ifdef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
4385 if (PL_euid != PL_uid)
4386 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed while running setuid", message);
4387 if (PL_egid != PL_gid)
4388 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed while running setgid", message);
4389 #endif /* SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW */
4391 * Checks for UID/GID above "wrong": why disallow
4392 * perl -e 'print "Hello\n"'
4393 * from within setuid things?? Simply drop them: replaced by
4394 * fdscript/suidscript and #ifdef IAMSUID checks below.
4396 * This may be too late for command-line switches. Will catch those on
4397 * the #! line, after finding the script name and setting up
4398 * fdscript/suidscript. Note that suidperl does not get around to
4399 * parsing (and checking) the switches on the #! line, but checks that
4400 * the two sets are identical.
4402 * With SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW, could we use fdscript, also or
4403 * instead, or would that be "too late"? (We never have suidscript, can
4404 * we be sure to have fdscript?)
4406 * Catch things with suidscript (in descendant of suidperl), even with
4407 * right UID/GID. Was already checked in suidperl, with #ifdef IAMSUID,
4408 * below; but I am paranoid.
4410 * Also see comments about root running a setuid script, elsewhere.
4412 if (suidscript >= 0)
4413 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed with (suid) fdscript", message);
4415 /* PSz 11 Nov 03 Catch it in suidperl, always! */
4416 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed in suidperl", message);
4417 #endif /* IAMSUID */
4421 Perl_init_debugger(pTHX)
4424 HV * const ostash = PL_curstash;
4426 PL_curstash = PL_debstash;
4427 PL_dbargs = GvAV(gv_AVadd((gv_fetchpvs("DB::args", GV_ADDMULTI,
4429 AvREAL_off(PL_dbargs);
4430 PL_DBgv = gv_fetchpvs("DB::DB", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVGV);
4431 PL_DBline = gv_fetchpvs("DB::dbline", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVAV);
4432 PL_DBsub = gv_HVadd(gv_fetchpvs("DB::sub", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV));
4433 PL_DBsingle = GvSV((gv_fetchpvs("DB::single", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
4434 sv_setiv(PL_DBsingle, 0);
4435 PL_DBtrace = GvSV((gv_fetchpvs("DB::trace", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
4436 sv_setiv(PL_DBtrace, 0);
4437 PL_DBsignal = GvSV((gv_fetchpvs("DB::signal", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
4438 sv_setiv(PL_DBsignal, 0);
4439 PL_DBassertion = GvSV((gv_fetchpvs("DB::assertion", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
4440 sv_setiv(PL_DBassertion, 0);
4441 PL_curstash = ostash;
4444 #ifndef STRESS_REALLOC
4445 #define REASONABLE(size) (size)
4447 #define REASONABLE(size) (1) /* unreasonable */
4451 Perl_init_stacks(pTHX)
4454 /* start with 128-item stack and 8K cxstack */
4455 PL_curstackinfo = new_stackinfo(REASONABLE(128),
4456 REASONABLE(8192/sizeof(PERL_CONTEXT) - 1));
4457 PL_curstackinfo->si_type = PERLSI_MAIN;
4458 PL_curstack = PL_curstackinfo->si_stack;
4459 PL_mainstack = PL_curstack; /* remember in case we switch stacks */
4461 PL_stack_base = AvARRAY(PL_curstack);
4462 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base;
4463 PL_stack_max = PL_stack_base + AvMAX(PL_curstack);
4465 Newx(PL_tmps_stack,REASONABLE(128),SV*);
4468 PL_tmps_max = REASONABLE(128);
4470 Newx(PL_markstack,REASONABLE(32),I32);
4471 PL_markstack_ptr = PL_markstack;
4472 PL_markstack_max = PL_markstack + REASONABLE(32);
4476 Newx(PL_scopestack,REASONABLE(32),I32);
4477 PL_scopestack_ix = 0;
4478 PL_scopestack_max = REASONABLE(32);
4480 Newx(PL_savestack,REASONABLE(128),ANY);
4481 PL_savestack_ix = 0;
4482 PL_savestack_max = REASONABLE(128);
4491 while (PL_curstackinfo->si_next)
4492 PL_curstackinfo = PL_curstackinfo->si_next;
4493 while (PL_curstackinfo) {
4494 PERL_SI *p = PL_curstackinfo->si_prev;
4495 /* curstackinfo->si_stack got nuked by sv_free_arenas() */
4496 Safefree(PL_curstackinfo->si_cxstack);
4497 Safefree(PL_curstackinfo);
4498 PL_curstackinfo = p;
4500 Safefree(PL_tmps_stack);
4501 Safefree(PL_markstack);
4502 Safefree(PL_scopestack);
4503 Safefree(PL_savestack);
4513 lex_start(PL_linestr);
4515 PL_subname = newSVpvs("main");
4519 S_init_predump_symbols(pTHX)
4525 sv_setpvn(get_sv("\"", TRUE), " ", 1);
4526 PL_stdingv = gv_fetchpvs("STDIN", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PVIO);
4527 GvMULTI_on(PL_stdingv);
4528 io = GvIOp(PL_stdingv);
4529 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_RDONLY;
4530 IoIFP(io) = PerlIO_stdin();
4531 tmpgv = gv_fetchpvs("stdin", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PV);
4533 GvIOp(tmpgv) = (IO*)SvREFCNT_inc_simple(io);
4535 tmpgv = gv_fetchpvs("STDOUT", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PVIO);
4538 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_WRONLY;
4539 IoOFP(io) = IoIFP(io) = PerlIO_stdout();
4541 tmpgv = gv_fetchpvs("stdout", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PV);
4543 GvIOp(tmpgv) = (IO*)SvREFCNT_inc_simple(io);
4545 PL_stderrgv = gv_fetchpvs("STDERR", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PVIO);
4546 GvMULTI_on(PL_stderrgv);
4547 io = GvIOp(PL_stderrgv);
4548 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_WRONLY;
4549 IoOFP(io) = IoIFP(io) = PerlIO_stderr();
4550 tmpgv = gv_fetchpvs("stderr", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PV);
4552 GvIOp(tmpgv) = (IO*)SvREFCNT_inc_simple(io);
4554 PL_statname = newSV(0); /* last filename we did stat on */
4556 Safefree(PL_osname);
4557 PL_osname = savepv(OSNAME);
4561 Perl_init_argv_symbols(pTHX_ register int argc, register char **argv)
4564 argc--,argv++; /* skip name of script */
4565 if (PL_doswitches) {
4566 for (; argc > 0 && **argv == '-'; argc--,argv++) {
4570 if (argv[0][1] == '-' && !argv[0][2]) {
4574 if ((s = strchr(argv[0], '='))) {
4575 const char *const start_name = argv[0] + 1;
4576 sv_setpv(GvSV(gv_fetchpvn_flags(start_name, s - start_name,
4577 TRUE, SVt_PV)), s + 1);
4580 sv_setiv(GvSV(gv_fetchpv(argv[0]+1, GV_ADD, SVt_PV)),1);
4583 if ((PL_argvgv = gv_fetchpvs("ARGV", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PVAV))) {
4584 GvMULTI_on(PL_argvgv);
4585 (void)gv_AVadd(PL_argvgv);
4586 av_clear(GvAVn(PL_argvgv));
4587 for (; argc > 0; argc--,argv++) {
4588 SV * const sv = newSVpv(argv[0],0);
4589 av_push(GvAVn(PL_argvgv),sv);
4590 if (!(PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_LOCALE_FLAG) || PL_utf8locale) {
4591 if (PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_ARGV_FLAG)
4594 if (PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_WIDESYSCALLS_FLAG) /* Sarathy? */
4595 (void)sv_utf8_decode(sv);
4601 S_init_postdump_symbols(pTHX_ register int argc, register char **argv, register char **env)
4606 PL_toptarget = newSV(0);
4607 sv_upgrade(PL_toptarget, SVt_PVFM);
4608 sv_setpvn(PL_toptarget, "", 0);
4609 PL_bodytarget = newSV(0);
4610 sv_upgrade(PL_bodytarget, SVt_PVFM);
4611 sv_setpvn(PL_bodytarget, "", 0);
4612 PL_formtarget = PL_bodytarget;
4616 init_argv_symbols(argc,argv);
4618 if ((tmpgv = gv_fetchpvs("0", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PV))) {
4619 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4620 /* $0 is not majick on a Mac */
4621 sv_setpv(GvSV(tmpgv),MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
4623 sv_setpv(GvSV(tmpgv),PL_origfilename);
4624 magicname("0", "0", 1);
4627 if ((PL_envgv = gv_fetchpvs("ENV", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PVHV))) {
4629 GvMULTI_on(PL_envgv);
4630 hv = GvHVn(PL_envgv);
4631 hv_magic(hv, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_env);
4633 #ifdef USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY
4634 /* Note that if the supplied env parameter is actually a copy
4635 of the global environ then it may now point to free'd memory
4636 if the environment has been modified since. To avoid this
4637 problem we treat env==NULL as meaning 'use the default'
4642 # ifdef USE_ITHREADS
4643 && PL_curinterp == aTHX
4650 char** origenv = environ;
4653 for (; *env; env++) {
4654 if (!(s = strchr(*env,'=')) || s == *env)
4656 #if defined(MSDOS) && !defined(DJGPP)
4661 sv = newSVpv(s+1, 0);
4662 (void)hv_store(hv, *env, s - *env, sv, 0);
4665 if (origenv != environ) {
4666 /* realloc has shifted us */
4667 env = (env - origenv) + environ;
4672 #endif /* USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY */
4673 #endif /* !PERL_MICRO */
4676 if ((tmpgv = gv_fetchpvs("$", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PV))) {
4677 SvREADONLY_off(GvSV(tmpgv));
4678 sv_setiv(GvSV(tmpgv), (IV)PerlProc_getpid());
4679 SvREADONLY_on(GvSV(tmpgv));
4681 #ifdef THREADS_HAVE_PIDS
4682 PL_ppid = (IV)getppid();
4685 /* touch @F array to prevent spurious warnings 20020415 MJD */
4687 (void) get_av("main::F", TRUE | GV_ADDMULTI);
4689 /* touch @- and @+ arrays to prevent spurious warnings 20020415 MJD */
4690 (void) get_av("main::-", TRUE | GV_ADDMULTI);
4691 (void) get_av("main::+", TRUE | GV_ADDMULTI);
4695 S_init_perllib(pTHX)
4701 s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL5LIB");
4703 * It isn't possible to delete an environment variable with
4704 * PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV set unless unsetenv() is also available, so in that
4705 * case we treat PERL5LIB as undefined if it has a zero-length value.
4707 #if defined(PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV) && ! defined(HAS_UNSETENV)
4708 if (s && *s != '\0')
4712 incpush(s, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE, FALSE);
4714 incpush(PerlEnv_getenv("PERLLIB"), FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4716 /* Treat PERL5?LIB as a possible search list logical name -- the
4717 * "natural" VMS idiom for a Unix path string. We allow each
4718 * element to be a set of |-separated directories for compatibility.
4722 if (my_trnlnm("PERL5LIB",buf,0))
4723 do { incpush(buf,TRUE,TRUE,TRUE,FALSE); } while (my_trnlnm("PERL5LIB",buf,++idx));
4725 while (my_trnlnm("PERLLIB",buf,idx++)) incpush(buf,FALSE,FALSE,TRUE,FALSE);
4729 /* Use the ~-expanded versions of APPLLIB (undocumented),
4730 ARCHLIB PRIVLIB SITEARCH SITELIB VENDORARCH and VENDORLIB
4733 incpush(APPLLIB_EXP, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
4737 incpush(ARCHLIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4739 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4742 SV * privdir = newSV(0);
4743 char * macperl = PerlEnv_getenv("MACPERL");
4748 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ privdir, "%slib:", macperl);
4749 if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX(privdir), &tmpstatbuf) >= 0 && S_ISDIR(tmpstatbuf.st_mode))
4750 incpush(SvPVX(privdir), TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4751 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ privdir, "%ssite_perl:", macperl);
4752 if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX(privdir), &tmpstatbuf) >= 0 && S_ISDIR(tmpstatbuf.st_mode))
4753 incpush(SvPVX(privdir), TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4755 SvREFCNT_dec(privdir);
4758 incpush(":", FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4761 # define PRIVLIB_EXP "/usr/local/lib/perl5:/usr/local/lib/perl"
4764 incpush(PRIVLIB_EXP, TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4766 incpush(PRIVLIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4770 /* sitearch is always relative to sitelib on Windows for
4771 * DLL-based path intuition to work correctly */
4772 # if !defined(WIN32)
4773 incpush(SITEARCH_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4779 /* this picks up sitearch as well */
4780 incpush(SITELIB_EXP, TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4782 incpush(SITELIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4786 #if defined(SITELIB_STEM) && defined(PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST)
4787 /* Search for version-specific dirs below here */
4788 incpush(SITELIB_STEM, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
4791 #ifdef PERL_VENDORARCH_EXP
4792 /* vendorarch is always relative to vendorlib on Windows for
4793 * DLL-based path intuition to work correctly */
4794 # if !defined(WIN32)
4795 incpush(PERL_VENDORARCH_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4799 #ifdef PERL_VENDORLIB_EXP
4801 incpush(PERL_VENDORLIB_EXP, TRUE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE); /* this picks up vendorarch as well */
4803 incpush(PERL_VENDORLIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4807 #ifdef PERL_VENDORLIB_STEM /* Search for version-specific dirs below here */
4808 incpush(PERL_VENDORLIB_STEM, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
4811 #ifdef PERL_OTHERLIBDIRS
4812 incpush(PERL_OTHERLIBDIRS, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
4816 incpush(".", FALSE, FALSE, TRUE, FALSE);
4817 #endif /* MACOS_TRADITIONAL */
4820 #if defined(DOSISH) || defined(EPOC) || defined(__SYMBIAN32__)
4821 # define PERLLIB_SEP ';'
4824 # define PERLLIB_SEP '|'
4826 # if defined(MACOS_TRADITIONAL)
4827 # define PERLLIB_SEP ','
4829 # define PERLLIB_SEP ':'
4833 #ifndef PERLLIB_MANGLE
4834 # define PERLLIB_MANGLE(s,n) (s)
4837 /* Push a directory onto @INC if it exists.
4838 Generate a new SV if we do this, to save needing to copy the SV we push
4841 S_incpush_if_exists(pTHX_ SV *dir)
4845 if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX_const(dir), &tmpstatbuf) >= 0 &&
4846 S_ISDIR(tmpstatbuf.st_mode)) {
4847 av_push(GvAVn(PL_incgv), dir);
4854 S_incpush(pTHX_ const char *dir, bool addsubdirs, bool addoldvers, bool usesep,
4859 const char *p = dir;
4864 if (addsubdirs || addoldvers) {
4868 /* Break at all separators */
4870 SV *libdir = newSV(0);
4873 /* skip any consecutive separators */
4875 while ( *p == PERLLIB_SEP ) {
4876 /* Uncomment the next line for PATH semantics */
4877 /* av_push(GvAVn(PL_incgv), newSVpvs(".")); */
4882 if ( usesep && (s = strchr(p, PERLLIB_SEP)) != NULL ) {
4883 sv_setpvn(libdir, PERLLIB_MANGLE(p, (STRLEN)(s - p)),
4888 sv_setpv(libdir, PERLLIB_MANGLE(p, 0));
4889 p = NULL; /* break out */
4891 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4892 if (!strchr(SvPVX(libdir), ':')) {
4895 sv_setpv(libdir, MacPerl_CanonDir(SvPVX(libdir), buf, 0));
4897 if (SvPVX(libdir)[SvCUR(libdir)-1] != ':')
4898 sv_catpvs(libdir, ":");
4901 /* Do the if() outside the #ifdef to avoid warnings about an unused
4904 #ifdef PERL_RELOCATABLE_INC
4906 * Relocatable include entries are marked with a leading .../
4909 * 0: Remove that leading ".../"
4910 * 1: Remove trailing executable name (anything after the last '/')
4911 * from the perl path to give a perl prefix
4913 * While the @INC element starts "../" and the prefix ends with a real
4914 * directory (ie not . or ..) chop that real directory off the prefix
4915 * and the leading "../" from the @INC element. ie a logical "../"
4917 * Finally concatenate the prefix and the remainder of the @INC element
4918 * The intent is that /usr/local/bin/perl and .../../lib/perl5
4919 * generates /usr/local/lib/perl5
4921 const char *libpath = SvPVX(libdir);
4922 STRLEN libpath_len = SvCUR(libdir);
4923 if (libpath_len >= 4 && memEQ (libpath, ".../", 4)) {
4925 SV * const caret_X = get_sv("\030", 0);
4926 /* Going to use the SV just as a scratch buffer holding a C
4932 /* $^X is *the* source of taint if tainting is on, hence
4933 SvPOK() won't be true. */
4935 assert(SvPOKp(caret_X));
4936 prefix_sv = newSVpvn(SvPVX(caret_X), SvCUR(caret_X));
4937 /* Firstly take off the leading .../
4938 If all else fail we'll do the paths relative to the current
4940 sv_chop(libdir, libpath + 4);
4941 /* Don't use SvPV as we're intentionally bypassing taining,
4942 mortal copies that the mg_get of tainting creates, and
4943 corruption that seems to come via the save stack.
4944 I guess that the save stack isn't correctly set up yet. */
4945 libpath = SvPVX(libdir);
4946 libpath_len = SvCUR(libdir);
4948 /* This would work more efficiently with memrchr, but as it's
4949 only a GNU extension we'd need to probe for it and
4950 implement our own. Not hard, but maybe not worth it? */
4952 prefix = SvPVX(prefix_sv);
4953 lastslash = strrchr(prefix, '/');
4955 /* First time in with the *lastslash = '\0' we just wipe off
4956 the trailing /perl from (say) /usr/foo/bin/perl
4960 while ((*lastslash = '\0'), /* Do that, come what may. */
4961 (libpath_len >= 3 && memEQ(libpath, "../", 3)
4962 && (lastslash = strrchr(prefix, '/')))) {
4963 if (lastslash[1] == '\0'
4964 || (lastslash[1] == '.'
4965 && (lastslash[2] == '/' /* ends "/." */
4966 || (lastslash[2] == '/'
4967 && lastslash[3] == '/' /* or "/.." */
4969 /* Prefix ends "/" or "/." or "/..", any of which
4970 are fishy, so don't do any more logical cleanup.
4974 /* Remove leading "../" from path */
4977 /* Next iteration round the loop removes the last
4978 directory name from prefix by writing a '\0' in
4979 the while clause. */
4981 /* prefix has been terminated with a '\0' to the correct
4982 length. libpath points somewhere into the libdir SV.
4983 We need to join the 2 with '/' and drop the result into
4985 tempsv = Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_ "%s/%s", prefix, libpath);
4986 SvREFCNT_dec(libdir);
4987 /* And this is the new libdir. */
4990 (PL_uid != PL_euid || PL_gid != PL_egid)) {
4991 /* Need to taint reloccated paths if running set ID */
4992 SvTAINTED_on(libdir);
4995 SvREFCNT_dec(prefix_sv);
5000 * BEFORE pushing libdir onto @INC we may first push version- and
5001 * archname-specific sub-directories.
5003 if (addsubdirs || addoldvers) {
5004 #ifdef PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST
5005 /* Configure terminates PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST with a NULL */
5006 const char * const incverlist[] = { PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST };
5007 const char * const *incver;
5013 if ((unix = tounixspec_ts(SvPV(libdir,len),NULL)) != NULL) {
5015 while (unix[len-1] == '/') len--; /* Cosmetic */
5016 sv_usepvn(libdir,unix,len);
5019 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log,
5020 "Failed to unixify @INC element \"%s\"\n",
5024 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
5025 #define PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT ""
5026 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT "%s:"
5027 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH PERL_FS_VER_FMT PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT
5029 #define PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT "/"
5030 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT "/%s"
5031 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT PERL_FS_VER_FMT
5033 /* .../version/archname if -d .../version/archname */
5034 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH PERL_ARCH_FMT,
5036 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
5037 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION, ARCHNAME);
5038 subdir = S_incpush_if_exists(aTHX_ subdir);
5040 /* .../version if -d .../version */
5041 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH, libdir,
5042 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
5043 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION);
5044 subdir = S_incpush_if_exists(aTHX_ subdir);
5046 /* .../archname if -d .../archname */
5047 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT, libdir, ARCHNAME);
5048 subdir = S_incpush_if_exists(aTHX_ subdir);
5052 #ifdef PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST
5054 for (incver = incverlist; *incver; incver++) {
5055 /* .../xxx if -d .../xxx */
5056 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT, libdir, *incver);
5057 subdir = S_incpush_if_exists(aTHX_ subdir);
5063 /* finally push this lib directory on the end of @INC */
5064 av_push(GvAVn(PL_incgv), libdir);
5067 assert (SvREFCNT(subdir) == 1);
5068 SvREFCNT_dec(subdir);
5074 Perl_call_list(pTHX_ I32 oldscope, AV *paramList)
5078 const line_t oldline = CopLINE(PL_curcop);
5084 while (av_len(paramList) >= 0) {
5085 cv = (CV*)av_shift(paramList);
5087 if (paramList == PL_beginav) {
5088 /* save PL_beginav for compiler */
5089 if (! PL_beginav_save)
5090 PL_beginav_save = newAV();
5091 av_push(PL_beginav_save, (SV*)cv);
5093 else if (paramList == PL_checkav) {
5094 /* save PL_checkav for compiler */
5095 if (! PL_checkav_save)
5096 PL_checkav_save = newAV();
5097 av_push(PL_checkav_save, (SV*)cv);
5108 PL_madskills |= 16384;
5113 PL_madskills &= ~16384;
5116 (void)SvPV_const(atsv, len);
5117 if (PL_madskills && PL_minus_c && paramList == PL_beginav)
5118 break; /* not really trying to run, so just wing it */
5120 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
5121 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
5122 if (paramList == PL_beginav)
5123 sv_catpvs(atsv, "BEGIN failed--compilation aborted");
5125 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ atsv,
5126 "%s failed--call queue aborted",
5127 paramList == PL_checkav ? "CHECK"
5128 : paramList == PL_initav ? "INIT"
5130 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
5133 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%"SVf"", atsv);
5140 /* my_exit() was called */
5141 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
5144 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
5145 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
5146 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
5148 if (PL_madskills && PL_minus_c && paramList == PL_beginav)
5149 return; /* not really trying to run, so just wing it */
5150 if (PL_statusvalue && !(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_EXPECTED)) {
5151 if (paramList == PL_beginav)
5152 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "BEGIN failed--compilation aborted");
5154 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s failed--call queue aborted",
5155 paramList == PL_checkav ? "CHECK"
5156 : paramList == PL_initav ? "INIT"
5163 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
5164 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
5167 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "panic: restartop\n");
5176 S_call_list_body(pTHX_ CV *cv)
5179 PUSHMARK(PL_stack_sp);
5180 call_sv((SV*)cv, G_EVAL|G_DISCARD);
5185 Perl_my_exit(pTHX_ U32 status)
5188 DEBUG_S(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "my_exit: thread %p, status %lu\n",
5189 thr, (unsigned long) status));
5198 STATUS_EXIT_SET(status);
5205 Perl_my_failure_exit(pTHX)
5209 /* We have been called to fall on our sword. The desired exit code
5210 * should be already set in STATUS_UNIX, but could be shifted over
5211 * by 8 bits. STATUS_UNIX_EXIT_SET will handle the cases where a
5214 * If an error code has not been set, then force the issue.
5216 if (MY_POSIX_EXIT) {
5218 /* In POSIX_EXIT mode follow Perl documentations and use 255 for
5219 * the exit code when there isn't an error.
5222 if (STATUS_UNIX == 0)
5223 STATUS_UNIX_EXIT_SET(255);
5225 STATUS_UNIX_EXIT_SET(STATUS_UNIX);
5227 /* The exit code could have been set by $? or vmsish which
5228 * means that it may not be fatal. So convert
5229 * success/warning codes to fatal.
5231 if ((STATUS_NATIVE & (STS$K_SEVERE|STS$K_ERROR)) == 0)
5232 STATUS_UNIX_EXIT_SET(255);
5236 /* Traditionally Perl on VMS always expects a Fatal Error. */
5237 if (vaxc$errno & 1) {
5239 /* So force success status to failure */
5240 if (STATUS_NATIVE & 1)
5245 STATUS_UNIX = EINTR; /* In case something cares */
5250 STATUS_NATIVE = vaxc$errno; /* Should already be this */
5252 /* Encode the severity code */
5253 severity = STATUS_NATIVE & STS$M_SEVERITY;
5254 STATUS_UNIX = (severity ? severity : 1) << 8;
5256 /* Perl expects this to be a fatal error */
5257 if (severity != STS$K_SEVERE)
5266 STATUS_UNIX_SET(errno);
5268 exitstatus = STATUS_UNIX >> 8;
5269 if (exitstatus & 255)
5270 STATUS_UNIX_SET(exitstatus);
5272 STATUS_UNIX_SET(255);
5279 S_my_exit_jump(pTHX)
5284 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_e_script);
5288 POPSTACK_TO(PL_mainstack);
5296 read_e_script(pTHX_ int idx, SV *buf_sv, int maxlen)
5299 const char * const p = SvPVX_const(PL_e_script);
5300 const char *nl = strchr(p, '\n');
5302 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(idx);
5303 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(maxlen);
5305 nl = (nl) ? nl+1 : SvEND(PL_e_script);
5307 filter_del(read_e_script);
5310 sv_catpvn(buf_sv, p, nl-p);
5311 sv_chop(PL_e_script, nl);
5317 * c-indentation-style: bsd
5319 * indent-tabs-mode: t
5322 * ex: set ts=8 sts=4 sw=4 noet: