3 * Copyright (C) 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
4 * 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, by Larry Wall and others
6 * You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
7 * License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
12 * "You see: Mr. Drogo, he married poor Miss Primula Brandybuck. She was
13 * our Mr. Bilbo's first cousin on the mother's side (her mother being the
14 * youngest of the Old Took's daughters); and Mr. Drogo was his second
15 * cousin. So Mr. Frodo is his first *and* second cousin, once removed
16 * either way, as the saying is, if you follow me." --the Gaffer
19 /* This file contains the functions that create, manipulate and optimize
20 * the OP structures that hold a compiled perl program.
22 * A Perl program is compiled into a tree of OPs. Each op contains
23 * structural pointers (eg to its siblings and the next op in the
24 * execution sequence), a pointer to the function that would execute the
25 * op, plus any data specific to that op. For example, an OP_CONST op
26 * points to the pp_const() function and to an SV containing the constant
27 * value. When pp_const() is executed, its job is to push that SV onto the
30 * OPs are mainly created by the newFOO() functions, which are mainly
31 * called from the parser (in perly.y) as the code is parsed. For example
32 * the Perl code $a + $b * $c would cause the equivalent of the following
33 * to be called (oversimplifying a bit):
35 * newBINOP(OP_ADD, flags,
37 * newBINOP(OP_MULTIPLY, flags, newSVREF($b), newSVREF($c))
40 * Note that during the build of miniperl, a temporary copy of this file
41 * is made, called opmini.c.
45 Perl's compiler is essentially a 3-pass compiler with interleaved phases:
49 An execution-order pass
51 The bottom-up pass is represented by all the "newOP" routines and
52 the ck_ routines. The bottom-upness is actually driven by yacc.
53 So at the point that a ck_ routine fires, we have no idea what the
54 context is, either upward in the syntax tree, or either forward or
55 backward in the execution order. (The bottom-up parser builds that
56 part of the execution order it knows about, but if you follow the "next"
57 links around, you'll find it's actually a closed loop through the
60 Whenever the bottom-up parser gets to a node that supplies context to
61 its components, it invokes that portion of the top-down pass that applies
62 to that part of the subtree (and marks the top node as processed, so
63 if a node further up supplies context, it doesn't have to take the
64 plunge again). As a particular subcase of this, as the new node is
65 built, it takes all the closed execution loops of its subcomponents
66 and links them into a new closed loop for the higher level node. But
67 it's still not the real execution order.
69 The actual execution order is not known till we get a grammar reduction
70 to a top-level unit like a subroutine or file that will be called by
71 "name" rather than via a "next" pointer. At that point, we can call
72 into peep() to do that code's portion of the 3rd pass. It has to be
73 recursive, but it's recursive on basic blocks, not on tree nodes.
76 /* To implement user lexical pragmas, there needs to be a way at run time to
77 get the compile time state of %^H for that block. Storing %^H in every
78 block (or even COP) would be very expensive, so a different approach is
79 taken. The (running) state of %^H is serialised into a tree of HE-like
80 structs. Stores into %^H are chained onto the current leaf as a struct
81 refcounted_he * with the key and the value. Deletes from %^H are saved
82 with a value of PL_sv_placeholder. The state of %^H at any point can be
83 turned back into a regular HV by walking back up the tree from that point's
84 leaf, ignoring any key you've already seen (placeholder or not), storing
85 the rest into the HV structure, then removing the placeholders. Hence
86 memory is only used to store the %^H deltas from the enclosing COP, rather
87 than the entire %^H on each COP.
89 To cause actions on %^H to write out the serialisation records, it has
90 magic type 'H'. This magic (itself) does nothing, but its presence causes
91 the values to gain magic type 'h', which has entries for set and clear.
92 C<Perl_magic_sethint> updates C<PL_compiling.cop_hints_hash> with a store
93 record, with deletes written by C<Perl_magic_clearhint>. C<SAVEHINTS>
94 saves the current C<PL_compiling.cop_hints_hash> on the save stack, so that
95 it will be correctly restored when any inner compiling scope is exited.
101 #include "keywords.h"
103 #define CALL_PEEP(o) CALL_FPTR(PL_peepp)(aTHX_ o)
105 #if defined(PL_OP_SLAB_ALLOC)
107 #ifdef PERL_DEBUG_READONLY_OPS
108 # define PERL_SLAB_SIZE 4096
109 # include <sys/mman.h>
112 #ifndef PERL_SLAB_SIZE
113 #define PERL_SLAB_SIZE 2048
117 Perl_Slab_Alloc(pTHX_ size_t sz)
121 * To make incrementing use count easy PL_OpSlab is an I32 *
122 * To make inserting the link to slab PL_OpPtr is I32 **
123 * So compute size in units of sizeof(I32 *) as that is how Pl_OpPtr increments
124 * Add an overhead for pointer to slab and round up as a number of pointers
126 sz = (sz + 2*sizeof(I32 *) -1)/sizeof(I32 *);
127 if ((PL_OpSpace -= sz) < 0) {
128 #ifdef PERL_DEBUG_READONLY_OPS
129 /* We need to allocate chunk by chunk so that we can control the VM
131 PL_OpPtr = (I32**) mmap(0, PERL_SLAB_SIZE*sizeof(I32*), PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE,
132 MAP_ANON|MAP_PRIVATE, -1, 0);
134 DEBUG_m(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "mapped %lu at %p\n",
135 (unsigned long) PERL_SLAB_SIZE*sizeof(I32*),
137 if(PL_OpPtr == MAP_FAILED) {
138 perror("mmap failed");
143 PL_OpPtr = (I32 **) PerlMemShared_calloc(PERL_SLAB_SIZE,sizeof(I32*));
148 /* We reserve the 0'th I32 sized chunk as a use count */
149 PL_OpSlab = (I32 *) PL_OpPtr;
150 /* Reduce size by the use count word, and by the size we need.
151 * Latter is to mimic the '-=' in the if() above
153 PL_OpSpace = PERL_SLAB_SIZE - (sizeof(I32)+sizeof(I32 **)-1)/sizeof(I32 **) - sz;
154 /* Allocation pointer starts at the top.
155 Theory: because we build leaves before trunk allocating at end
156 means that at run time access is cache friendly upward
158 PL_OpPtr += PERL_SLAB_SIZE;
160 #ifdef PERL_DEBUG_READONLY_OPS
161 /* We remember this slab. */
162 /* This implementation isn't efficient, but it is simple. */
163 PL_slabs = (I32**) realloc(PL_slabs, sizeof(I32**) * (PL_slab_count + 1));
164 PL_slabs[PL_slab_count++] = PL_OpSlab;
165 DEBUG_m(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "Allocate %p\n", PL_OpSlab));
168 assert( PL_OpSpace >= 0 );
169 /* Move the allocation pointer down */
171 assert( PL_OpPtr > (I32 **) PL_OpSlab );
172 *PL_OpPtr = PL_OpSlab; /* Note which slab it belongs to */
173 (*PL_OpSlab)++; /* Increment use count of slab */
174 assert( PL_OpPtr+sz <= ((I32 **) PL_OpSlab + PERL_SLAB_SIZE) );
175 assert( *PL_OpSlab > 0 );
176 return (void *)(PL_OpPtr + 1);
179 #ifdef PERL_DEBUG_READONLY_OPS
181 Perl_pending_Slabs_to_ro(pTHX) {
182 /* Turn all the allocated op slabs read only. */
183 U32 count = PL_slab_count;
184 I32 **const slabs = PL_slabs;
186 /* Reset the array of pending OP slabs, as we're about to turn this lot
187 read only. Also, do it ahead of the loop in case the warn triggers,
188 and a warn handler has an eval */
193 /* Force a new slab for any further allocation. */
197 void *const start = slabs[count];
198 const size_t size = PERL_SLAB_SIZE* sizeof(I32*);
199 if(mprotect(start, size, PROT_READ)) {
200 Perl_warn(aTHX_ "mprotect for %p %lu failed with %d",
201 start, (unsigned long) size, errno);
209 S_Slab_to_rw(pTHX_ void *op)
211 I32 * const * const ptr = (I32 **) op;
212 I32 * const slab = ptr[-1];
214 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_SLAB_TO_RW;
216 assert( ptr-1 > (I32 **) slab );
217 assert( ptr < ( (I32 **) slab + PERL_SLAB_SIZE) );
219 if(mprotect(slab, PERL_SLAB_SIZE*sizeof(I32*), PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE)) {
220 Perl_warn(aTHX_ "mprotect RW for %p %lu failed with %d",
221 slab, (unsigned long) PERL_SLAB_SIZE*sizeof(I32*), errno);
226 Perl_op_refcnt_inc(pTHX_ OP *o)
237 Perl_op_refcnt_dec(pTHX_ OP *o)
239 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_OP_REFCNT_DEC;
244 # define Slab_to_rw(op)
248 Perl_Slab_Free(pTHX_ void *op)
250 I32 * const * const ptr = (I32 **) op;
251 I32 * const slab = ptr[-1];
252 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_SLAB_FREE;
253 assert( ptr-1 > (I32 **) slab );
254 assert( ptr < ( (I32 **) slab + PERL_SLAB_SIZE) );
257 if (--(*slab) == 0) {
259 # define PerlMemShared PerlMem
262 #ifdef PERL_DEBUG_READONLY_OPS
263 U32 count = PL_slab_count;
264 /* Need to remove this slab from our list of slabs */
267 if (PL_slabs[count] == slab) {
269 /* Found it. Move the entry at the end to overwrite it. */
270 DEBUG_m(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
271 "Deallocate %p by moving %p from %lu to %lu\n",
273 PL_slabs[PL_slab_count - 1],
274 PL_slab_count, count));
275 PL_slabs[count] = PL_slabs[--PL_slab_count];
276 /* Could realloc smaller at this point, but probably not
278 if(munmap(slab, PERL_SLAB_SIZE*sizeof(I32*))) {
279 perror("munmap failed");
287 PerlMemShared_free(slab);
289 if (slab == PL_OpSlab) {
296 * In the following definition, the ", (OP*)0" is just to make the compiler
297 * think the expression is of the right type: croak actually does a Siglongjmp.
299 #define CHECKOP(type,o) \
300 ((PL_op_mask && PL_op_mask[type]) \
301 ? ( op_free((OP*)o), \
302 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "'%s' trapped by operation mask", PL_op_desc[type]), \
304 : CALL_FPTR(PL_check[type])(aTHX_ (OP*)o))
306 #define RETURN_UNLIMITED_NUMBER (PERL_INT_MAX / 2)
309 S_gv_ename(pTHX_ GV *gv)
311 SV* const tmpsv = sv_newmortal();
313 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_ENAME;
315 gv_efullname3(tmpsv, gv, NULL);
316 return SvPV_nolen_const(tmpsv);
320 S_no_fh_allowed(pTHX_ OP *o)
322 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_NO_FH_ALLOWED;
324 yyerror(Perl_form(aTHX_ "Missing comma after first argument to %s function",
330 S_too_few_arguments(pTHX_ OP *o, const char *name)
332 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_TOO_FEW_ARGUMENTS;
334 yyerror(Perl_form(aTHX_ "Not enough arguments for %s", name));
339 S_too_many_arguments(pTHX_ OP *o, const char *name)
341 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_TOO_MANY_ARGUMENTS;
343 yyerror(Perl_form(aTHX_ "Too many arguments for %s", name));
348 S_bad_type(pTHX_ I32 n, const char *t, const char *name, const OP *kid)
350 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_BAD_TYPE;
352 yyerror(Perl_form(aTHX_ "Type of arg %d to %s must be %s (not %s)",
353 (int)n, name, t, OP_DESC(kid)));
357 S_no_bareword_allowed(pTHX_ const OP *o)
359 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_NO_BAREWORD_ALLOWED;
362 return; /* various ok barewords are hidden in extra OP_NULL */
363 qerror(Perl_mess(aTHX_
364 "Bareword \"%"SVf"\" not allowed while \"strict subs\" in use",
368 /* "register" allocation */
371 Perl_allocmy(pTHX_ const char *const name)
375 const bool is_our = (PL_parser->in_my == KEY_our);
377 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_ALLOCMY;
379 /* complain about "my $<special_var>" etc etc */
383 (USE_UTF8_IN_NAMES && UTF8_IS_START(name[1])) ||
384 (name[1] == '_' && (*name == '$' || name[2]))))
386 /* name[2] is true if strlen(name) > 2 */
387 if (!isPRINT(name[1]) || strchr("\t\n\r\f", name[1])) {
388 yyerror(Perl_form(aTHX_ "Can't use global %c^%c%s in \"%s\"",
389 name[0], toCTRL(name[1]), name + 2,
390 PL_parser->in_my == KEY_state ? "state" : "my"));
392 yyerror(Perl_form(aTHX_ "Can't use global %s in \"%s\"",name,
393 PL_parser->in_my == KEY_state ? "state" : "my"));
397 /* check for duplicate declaration */
398 pad_check_dup(name, is_our, (PL_curstash ? PL_curstash : PL_defstash));
400 if (PL_parser->in_my_stash && *name != '$') {
401 yyerror(Perl_form(aTHX_
402 "Can't declare class for non-scalar %s in \"%s\"",
405 : PL_parser->in_my == KEY_state ? "state" : "my"));
408 /* allocate a spare slot and store the name in that slot */
410 off = pad_add_name(name,
411 PL_parser->in_my_stash,
413 /* $_ is always in main::, even with our */
414 ? (PL_curstash && !strEQ(name,"$_") ? PL_curstash : PL_defstash)
418 PL_parser->in_my == KEY_state
420 /* anon sub prototypes contains state vars should always be cloned,
421 * otherwise the state var would be shared between anon subs */
423 if (PL_parser->in_my == KEY_state && CvANON(PL_compcv))
424 CvCLONE_on(PL_compcv);
429 /* free the body of an op without examining its contents.
430 * Always use this rather than FreeOp directly */
433 S_op_destroy(pTHX_ OP *o)
435 if (o->op_latefree) {
443 # define forget_pmop(a,b) S_forget_pmop(aTHX_ a,b)
445 # define forget_pmop(a,b) S_forget_pmop(aTHX_ a)
451 Perl_op_free(pTHX_ OP *o)
458 if (o->op_latefreed) {
465 if (o->op_private & OPpREFCOUNTED) {
476 refcnt = OpREFCNT_dec(o);
479 /* Need to find and remove any pattern match ops from the list
480 we maintain for reset(). */
481 find_and_forget_pmops(o);
491 if (o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) {
492 register OP *kid, *nextkid;
493 for (kid = cUNOPo->op_first; kid; kid = nextkid) {
494 nextkid = kid->op_sibling; /* Get before next freeing kid */
499 #ifdef PERL_DEBUG_READONLY_OPS
503 /* COP* is not cleared by op_clear() so that we may track line
504 * numbers etc even after null() */
505 if (type == OP_NEXTSTATE || type == OP_DBSTATE
506 || (type == OP_NULL /* the COP might have been null'ed */
507 && ((OPCODE)o->op_targ == OP_NEXTSTATE
508 || (OPCODE)o->op_targ == OP_DBSTATE))) {
513 type = (OPCODE)o->op_targ;
516 if (o->op_latefree) {
522 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS
529 Perl_op_clear(pTHX_ OP *o)
534 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_OP_CLEAR;
537 /* if (o->op_madprop && o->op_madprop->mad_next)
539 /* FIXME for MAD - if I uncomment these two lines t/op/pack.t fails with
540 "modification of a read only value" for a reason I can't fathom why.
541 It's the "" stringification of $_, where $_ was set to '' in a foreach
542 loop, but it defies simplification into a small test case.
543 However, commenting them out has caused ext/List/Util/t/weak.t to fail
546 mad_free(o->op_madprop);
552 switch (o->op_type) {
553 case OP_NULL: /* Was holding old type, if any. */
554 if (PL_madskills && o->op_targ != OP_NULL) {
555 o->op_type = (Optype)o->op_targ;
559 case OP_ENTEREVAL: /* Was holding hints. */
563 if (!(o->op_flags & OPf_REF)
564 || (PL_check[o->op_type] != MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_ck_ftst)))
570 if (! (o->op_type == OP_AELEMFAST && o->op_flags & OPf_SPECIAL)) {
571 /* not an OP_PADAV replacement */
573 if (cPADOPo->op_padix > 0) {
574 /* No GvIN_PAD_off(cGVOPo_gv) here, because other references
575 * may still exist on the pad */
576 pad_swipe(cPADOPo->op_padix, TRUE);
577 cPADOPo->op_padix = 0;
580 SvREFCNT_dec(cSVOPo->op_sv);
581 cSVOPo->op_sv = NULL;
585 case OP_METHOD_NAMED:
588 SvREFCNT_dec(cSVOPo->op_sv);
589 cSVOPo->op_sv = NULL;
592 Even if op_clear does a pad_free for the target of the op,
593 pad_free doesn't actually remove the sv that exists in the pad;
594 instead it lives on. This results in that it could be reused as
595 a target later on when the pad was reallocated.
598 pad_swipe(o->op_targ,1);
607 if (o->op_flags & (OPf_SPECIAL|OPf_STACKED|OPf_KIDS))
611 if (o->op_private & (OPpTRANS_FROM_UTF|OPpTRANS_TO_UTF)) {
613 if (cPADOPo->op_padix > 0) {
614 pad_swipe(cPADOPo->op_padix, TRUE);
615 cPADOPo->op_padix = 0;
618 SvREFCNT_dec(cSVOPo->op_sv);
619 cSVOPo->op_sv = NULL;
623 PerlMemShared_free(cPVOPo->op_pv);
624 cPVOPo->op_pv = NULL;
628 op_free(cPMOPo->op_pmreplrootu.op_pmreplroot);
632 if (cPMOPo->op_pmreplrootu.op_pmtargetoff) {
633 /* No GvIN_PAD_off here, because other references may still
634 * exist on the pad */
635 pad_swipe(cPMOPo->op_pmreplrootu.op_pmtargetoff, TRUE);
638 SvREFCNT_dec((SV*)cPMOPo->op_pmreplrootu.op_pmtargetgv);
644 forget_pmop(cPMOPo, 1);
645 cPMOPo->op_pmreplrootu.op_pmreplroot = NULL;
646 /* we use the same protection as the "SAFE" version of the PM_ macros
647 * here since sv_clean_all might release some PMOPs
648 * after PL_regex_padav has been cleared
649 * and the clearing of PL_regex_padav needs to
650 * happen before sv_clean_all
653 if(PL_regex_pad) { /* We could be in destruction */
654 const IV offset = (cPMOPo)->op_pmoffset;
655 ReREFCNT_dec(PM_GETRE(cPMOPo));
656 PL_regex_pad[offset] = &PL_sv_undef;
657 sv_catpvn_nomg(PL_regex_pad[0], (const char *)&offset,
661 ReREFCNT_dec(PM_GETRE(cPMOPo));
662 PM_SETRE(cPMOPo, NULL);
668 if (o->op_targ > 0) {
669 pad_free(o->op_targ);
675 S_cop_free(pTHX_ COP* cop)
677 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_COP_FREE;
681 if (! specialWARN(cop->cop_warnings))
682 PerlMemShared_free(cop->cop_warnings);
683 Perl_refcounted_he_free(aTHX_ cop->cop_hints_hash);
687 S_forget_pmop(pTHX_ PMOP *const o
693 HV * const pmstash = PmopSTASH(o);
695 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_FORGET_PMOP;
697 if (pmstash && !SvIS_FREED(pmstash)) {
698 MAGIC * const mg = mg_find((SV*)pmstash, PERL_MAGIC_symtab);
700 PMOP **const array = (PMOP**) mg->mg_ptr;
701 U32 count = mg->mg_len / sizeof(PMOP**);
706 /* Found it. Move the entry at the end to overwrite it. */
707 array[i] = array[--count];
708 mg->mg_len = count * sizeof(PMOP**);
709 /* Could realloc smaller at this point always, but probably
710 not worth it. Probably worth free()ing if we're the
713 Safefree(mg->mg_ptr);
730 S_find_and_forget_pmops(pTHX_ OP *o)
732 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_FIND_AND_FORGET_PMOPS;
734 if (o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) {
735 OP *kid = cUNOPo->op_first;
737 switch (kid->op_type) {
742 forget_pmop((PMOP*)kid, 0);
744 find_and_forget_pmops(kid);
745 kid = kid->op_sibling;
751 Perl_op_null(pTHX_ OP *o)
755 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_OP_NULL;
757 if (o->op_type == OP_NULL)
761 o->op_targ = o->op_type;
762 o->op_type = OP_NULL;
763 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_NULL];
767 Perl_op_refcnt_lock(pTHX)
775 Perl_op_refcnt_unlock(pTHX)
782 /* Contextualizers */
784 #define LINKLIST(o) ((o)->op_next ? (o)->op_next : linklist((OP*)o))
787 Perl_linklist(pTHX_ OP *o)
791 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_LINKLIST;
796 /* establish postfix order */
797 first = cUNOPo->op_first;
800 o->op_next = LINKLIST(first);
803 if (kid->op_sibling) {
804 kid->op_next = LINKLIST(kid->op_sibling);
805 kid = kid->op_sibling;
819 Perl_scalarkids(pTHX_ OP *o)
821 if (o && o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) {
823 for (kid = cLISTOPo->op_first; kid; kid = kid->op_sibling)
830 S_scalarboolean(pTHX_ OP *o)
834 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_SCALARBOOLEAN;
836 if (o->op_type == OP_SASSIGN && cBINOPo->op_first->op_type == OP_CONST) {
837 if (ckWARN(WARN_SYNTAX)) {
838 const line_t oldline = CopLINE(PL_curcop);
840 if (PL_parser && PL_parser->copline != NOLINE)
841 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, PL_parser->copline);
842 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_SYNTAX), "Found = in conditional, should be ==");
843 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
850 Perl_scalar(pTHX_ OP *o)
855 /* assumes no premature commitment */
856 if (!o || (PL_parser && PL_parser->error_count)
857 || (o->op_flags & OPf_WANT)
858 || o->op_type == OP_RETURN)
863 o->op_flags = (o->op_flags & ~OPf_WANT) | OPf_WANT_SCALAR;
865 switch (o->op_type) {
867 scalar(cBINOPo->op_first);
872 for (kid = cUNOPo->op_first->op_sibling; kid; kid = kid->op_sibling)
876 if ((kid = cLISTOPo->op_first) && kid->op_type == OP_PUSHRE) {
877 if (!kPMOP->op_pmreplrootu.op_pmreplroot)
878 deprecate_old("implicit split to @_");
886 if (o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) {
887 for (kid = cUNOPo->op_first; kid; kid = kid->op_sibling)
893 kid = cLISTOPo->op_first;
895 while ((kid = kid->op_sibling)) {
901 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
906 for (kid = cLISTOPo->op_first; kid; kid = kid->op_sibling) {
912 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
915 if (ckWARN(WARN_VOID))
916 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_VOID), "Useless use of sort in scalar context");
923 Perl_scalarvoid(pTHX_ OP *o)
927 const char* useless = NULL;
931 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_SCALARVOID;
933 /* trailing mad null ops don't count as "there" for void processing */
935 o->op_type != OP_NULL &&
937 o->op_sibling->op_type == OP_NULL)
940 for (sib = o->op_sibling;
941 sib && sib->op_type == OP_NULL;
942 sib = sib->op_sibling) ;
948 if (o->op_type == OP_NEXTSTATE
949 || o->op_type == OP_DBSTATE
950 || (o->op_type == OP_NULL && (o->op_targ == OP_NEXTSTATE
951 || o->op_targ == OP_DBSTATE)))
952 PL_curcop = (COP*)o; /* for warning below */
954 /* assumes no premature commitment */
955 want = o->op_flags & OPf_WANT;
956 if ((want && want != OPf_WANT_SCALAR)
957 || (PL_parser && PL_parser->error_count)
958 || o->op_type == OP_RETURN)
963 if ((o->op_private & OPpTARGET_MY)
964 && (PL_opargs[o->op_type] & OA_TARGLEX))/* OPp share the meaning */
966 return scalar(o); /* As if inside SASSIGN */
969 o->op_flags = (o->op_flags & ~OPf_WANT) | OPf_WANT_VOID;
971 switch (o->op_type) {
973 if (!(PL_opargs[o->op_type] & OA_FOLDCONST))
977 if (o->op_flags & OPf_STACKED)
981 if (o->op_private == 4)
1024 case OP_GETSOCKNAME:
1025 case OP_GETPEERNAME:
1030 case OP_GETPRIORITY:
1054 if (!(o->op_private & (OPpLVAL_INTRO|OPpOUR_INTRO)))
1055 /* Otherwise it's "Useless use of grep iterator" */
1056 useless = OP_DESC(o);
1060 kid = cUNOPo->op_first;
1061 if (kid->op_type != OP_MATCH && kid->op_type != OP_SUBST &&
1062 kid->op_type != OP_TRANS) {
1065 useless = "negative pattern binding (!~)";
1072 if (!(o->op_private & (OPpLVAL_INTRO|OPpOUR_INTRO)) &&
1073 (!o->op_sibling || o->op_sibling->op_type != OP_READLINE))
1074 useless = "a variable";
1079 if (cSVOPo->op_private & OPpCONST_STRICT)
1080 no_bareword_allowed(o);
1082 if (ckWARN(WARN_VOID)) {
1084 SV* msv = sv_2mortal(Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_
1085 "a constant (%"SVf")", sv));
1086 useless = SvPV_nolen(msv);
1089 useless = "a constant (undef)";
1090 if (o->op_private & OPpCONST_ARYBASE)
1092 /* don't warn on optimised away booleans, eg
1093 * use constant Foo, 5; Foo || print; */
1094 if (cSVOPo->op_private & OPpCONST_SHORTCIRCUIT)
1096 /* the constants 0 and 1 are permitted as they are
1097 conventionally used as dummies in constructs like
1098 1 while some_condition_with_side_effects; */
1099 else if (SvNIOK(sv) && (SvNV(sv) == 0.0 || SvNV(sv) == 1.0))
1101 else if (SvPOK(sv)) {
1102 /* perl4's way of mixing documentation and code
1103 (before the invention of POD) was based on a
1104 trick to mix nroff and perl code. The trick was
1105 built upon these three nroff macros being used in
1106 void context. The pink camel has the details in
1107 the script wrapman near page 319. */
1108 const char * const maybe_macro = SvPVX_const(sv);
1109 if (strnEQ(maybe_macro, "di", 2) ||
1110 strnEQ(maybe_macro, "ds", 2) ||
1111 strnEQ(maybe_macro, "ig", 2))
1116 op_null(o); /* don't execute or even remember it */
1120 o->op_type = OP_PREINC; /* pre-increment is faster */
1121 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_PREINC];
1125 o->op_type = OP_PREDEC; /* pre-decrement is faster */
1126 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_PREDEC];
1130 o->op_type = OP_I_PREINC; /* pre-increment is faster */
1131 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_I_PREINC];
1135 o->op_type = OP_I_PREDEC; /* pre-decrement is faster */
1136 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_I_PREDEC];
1145 for (kid = cUNOPo->op_first->op_sibling; kid; kid = kid->op_sibling)
1150 if (o->op_flags & OPf_STACKED)
1157 if (!(o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS))
1168 for (kid = cLISTOPo->op_first; kid; kid = kid->op_sibling)
1175 /* all requires must return a boolean value */
1176 o->op_flags &= ~OPf_WANT;
1181 if ((kid = cLISTOPo->op_first) && kid->op_type == OP_PUSHRE) {
1182 if (!kPMOP->op_pmreplrootu.op_pmreplroot)
1183 deprecate_old("implicit split to @_");
1187 if (useless && ckWARN(WARN_VOID))
1188 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_VOID), "Useless use of %s in void context", useless);
1193 Perl_listkids(pTHX_ OP *o)
1195 if (o && o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) {
1197 for (kid = cLISTOPo->op_first; kid; kid = kid->op_sibling)
1204 Perl_list(pTHX_ OP *o)
1209 /* assumes no premature commitment */
1210 if (!o || (o->op_flags & OPf_WANT)
1211 || (PL_parser && PL_parser->error_count)
1212 || o->op_type == OP_RETURN)
1217 if ((o->op_private & OPpTARGET_MY)
1218 && (PL_opargs[o->op_type] & OA_TARGLEX))/* OPp share the meaning */
1220 return o; /* As if inside SASSIGN */
1223 o->op_flags = (o->op_flags & ~OPf_WANT) | OPf_WANT_LIST;
1225 switch (o->op_type) {
1228 list(cBINOPo->op_first);
1233 for (kid = cUNOPo->op_first->op_sibling; kid; kid = kid->op_sibling)
1241 if (!(o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS))
1243 if (!o->op_next && cUNOPo->op_first->op_type == OP_FLOP) {
1244 list(cBINOPo->op_first);
1245 return gen_constant_list(o);
1252 kid = cLISTOPo->op_first;
1254 while ((kid = kid->op_sibling)) {
1255 if (kid->op_sibling)
1260 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
1264 for (kid = cLISTOPo->op_first; kid; kid = kid->op_sibling) {
1265 if (kid->op_sibling)
1270 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
1273 /* all requires must return a boolean value */
1274 o->op_flags &= ~OPf_WANT;
1281 Perl_scalarseq(pTHX_ OP *o)
1285 const OPCODE type = o->op_type;
1287 if (type == OP_LINESEQ || type == OP_SCOPE ||
1288 type == OP_LEAVE || type == OP_LEAVETRY)
1291 for (kid = cLISTOPo->op_first; kid; kid = kid->op_sibling) {
1292 if (kid->op_sibling) {
1296 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
1298 o->op_flags &= ~OPf_PARENS;
1299 if (PL_hints & HINT_BLOCK_SCOPE)
1300 o->op_flags |= OPf_PARENS;
1303 o = newOP(OP_STUB, 0);
1308 S_modkids(pTHX_ OP *o, I32 type)
1310 if (o && o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) {
1312 for (kid = cLISTOPo->op_first; kid; kid = kid->op_sibling)
1318 /* Propagate lvalue ("modifiable") context to an op and its children.
1319 * 'type' represents the context type, roughly based on the type of op that
1320 * would do the modifying, although local() is represented by OP_NULL.
1321 * It's responsible for detecting things that can't be modified, flag
1322 * things that need to behave specially in an lvalue context (e.g., "$$x = 5"
1323 * might have to vivify a reference in $x), and so on.
1325 * For example, "$a+1 = 2" would cause mod() to be called with o being
1326 * OP_ADD and type being OP_SASSIGN, and would output an error.
1330 Perl_mod(pTHX_ OP *o, I32 type)
1334 /* -1 = error on localize, 0 = ignore localize, 1 = ok to localize */
1337 if (!o || (PL_parser && PL_parser->error_count))
1340 if ((o->op_private & OPpTARGET_MY)
1341 && (PL_opargs[o->op_type] & OA_TARGLEX))/* OPp share the meaning */
1346 switch (o->op_type) {
1352 if (!(o->op_private & OPpCONST_ARYBASE))
1355 if (PL_eval_start && PL_eval_start->op_type == OP_CONST) {
1356 CopARYBASE_set(&PL_compiling,
1357 (I32)SvIV(cSVOPx(PL_eval_start)->op_sv));
1361 SAVECOPARYBASE(&PL_compiling);
1362 CopARYBASE_set(&PL_compiling, 0);
1364 else if (type == OP_REFGEN)
1367 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "That use of $[ is unsupported");
1370 if ((o->op_flags & OPf_PARENS) || PL_madskills)
1374 if ((type == OP_UNDEF || type == OP_REFGEN) &&
1375 !(o->op_flags & OPf_STACKED)) {
1376 o->op_type = OP_RV2CV; /* entersub => rv2cv */
1377 /* The default is to set op_private to the number of children,
1378 which for a UNOP such as RV2CV is always 1. And w're using
1379 the bit for a flag in RV2CV, so we need it clear. */
1380 o->op_private &= ~1;
1381 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_RV2CV];
1382 assert(cUNOPo->op_first->op_type == OP_NULL);
1383 op_null(((LISTOP*)cUNOPo->op_first)->op_first);/* disable pushmark */
1386 else if (o->op_private & OPpENTERSUB_NOMOD)
1388 else { /* lvalue subroutine call */
1389 o->op_private |= OPpLVAL_INTRO;
1390 PL_modcount = RETURN_UNLIMITED_NUMBER;
1391 if (type == OP_GREPSTART || type == OP_ENTERSUB || type == OP_REFGEN) {
1392 /* Backward compatibility mode: */
1393 o->op_private |= OPpENTERSUB_INARGS;
1396 else { /* Compile-time error message: */
1397 OP *kid = cUNOPo->op_first;
1401 if (kid->op_type != OP_PUSHMARK) {
1402 if (kid->op_type != OP_NULL || kid->op_targ != OP_LIST)
1404 "panic: unexpected lvalue entersub "
1405 "args: type/targ %ld:%"UVuf,
1406 (long)kid->op_type, (UV)kid->op_targ);
1407 kid = kLISTOP->op_first;
1409 while (kid->op_sibling)
1410 kid = kid->op_sibling;
1411 if (!(kid->op_type == OP_NULL && kid->op_targ == OP_RV2CV)) {
1413 if (kid->op_type == OP_METHOD_NAMED
1414 || kid->op_type == OP_METHOD)
1418 NewOp(1101, newop, 1, UNOP);
1419 newop->op_type = OP_RV2CV;
1420 newop->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_RV2CV];
1421 newop->op_first = NULL;
1422 newop->op_next = (OP*)newop;
1423 kid->op_sibling = (OP*)newop;
1424 newop->op_private |= OPpLVAL_INTRO;
1425 newop->op_private &= ~1;
1429 if (kid->op_type != OP_RV2CV)
1431 "panic: unexpected lvalue entersub "
1432 "entry via type/targ %ld:%"UVuf,
1433 (long)kid->op_type, (UV)kid->op_targ);
1434 kid->op_private |= OPpLVAL_INTRO;
1435 break; /* Postpone until runtime */
1439 kid = kUNOP->op_first;
1440 if (kid->op_type == OP_NULL && kid->op_targ == OP_RV2SV)
1441 kid = kUNOP->op_first;
1442 if (kid->op_type == OP_NULL)
1444 "Unexpected constant lvalue entersub "
1445 "entry via type/targ %ld:%"UVuf,
1446 (long)kid->op_type, (UV)kid->op_targ);
1447 if (kid->op_type != OP_GV) {
1448 /* Restore RV2CV to check lvalueness */
1450 if (kid->op_next && kid->op_next != kid) { /* Happens? */
1451 okid->op_next = kid->op_next;
1452 kid->op_next = okid;
1455 okid->op_next = NULL;
1456 okid->op_type = OP_RV2CV;
1458 okid->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_RV2CV];
1459 okid->op_private |= OPpLVAL_INTRO;
1460 okid->op_private &= ~1;
1464 cv = GvCV(kGVOP_gv);
1474 /* grep, foreach, subcalls, refgen */
1475 if (type == OP_GREPSTART || type == OP_ENTERSUB || type == OP_REFGEN)
1477 yyerror(Perl_form(aTHX_ "Can't modify %s in %s",
1478 (o->op_type == OP_NULL && (o->op_flags & OPf_SPECIAL)
1480 : (o->op_type == OP_ENTERSUB
1481 ? "non-lvalue subroutine call"
1483 type ? PL_op_desc[type] : "local"));
1497 case OP_RIGHT_SHIFT:
1506 if (!(o->op_flags & OPf_STACKED))
1513 for (kid = cUNOPo->op_first->op_sibling; kid; kid = kid->op_sibling)
1519 if (type == OP_REFGEN && o->op_flags & OPf_PARENS) {
1520 PL_modcount = RETURN_UNLIMITED_NUMBER;
1521 return o; /* Treat \(@foo) like ordinary list. */
1525 if (scalar_mod_type(o, type))
1527 ref(cUNOPo->op_first, o->op_type);
1531 if (type == OP_LEAVESUBLV)
1532 o->op_private |= OPpMAYBE_LVSUB;
1538 PL_modcount = RETURN_UNLIMITED_NUMBER;
1541 ref(cUNOPo->op_first, o->op_type);
1546 PL_hints |= HINT_BLOCK_SCOPE;
1561 PL_modcount = RETURN_UNLIMITED_NUMBER;
1562 if (type == OP_REFGEN && o->op_flags & OPf_PARENS)
1563 return o; /* Treat \(@foo) like ordinary list. */
1564 if (scalar_mod_type(o, type))
1566 if (type == OP_LEAVESUBLV)
1567 o->op_private |= OPpMAYBE_LVSUB;
1571 if (!type) /* local() */
1572 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't localize lexical variable %s",
1573 PAD_COMPNAME_PV(o->op_targ));
1581 if (type != OP_SASSIGN)
1585 if (o->op_private == 4) /* don't allow 4 arg substr as lvalue */
1590 if (type == OP_LEAVESUBLV)
1591 o->op_private |= OPpMAYBE_LVSUB;
1593 pad_free(o->op_targ);
1594 o->op_targ = pad_alloc(o->op_type, SVs_PADMY);
1595 assert(SvTYPE(PAD_SV(o->op_targ)) == SVt_NULL);
1596 if (o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS)
1597 mod(cBINOPo->op_first->op_sibling, type);
1602 ref(cBINOPo->op_first, o->op_type);
1603 if (type == OP_ENTERSUB &&
1604 !(o->op_private & (OPpLVAL_INTRO | OPpDEREF)))
1605 o->op_private |= OPpLVAL_DEFER;
1606 if (type == OP_LEAVESUBLV)
1607 o->op_private |= OPpMAYBE_LVSUB;
1617 if (o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS)
1618 mod(cLISTOPo->op_last, type);
1623 if (o->op_flags & OPf_SPECIAL) /* do BLOCK */
1625 else if (!(o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS))
1627 if (o->op_targ != OP_LIST) {
1628 mod(cBINOPo->op_first, type);
1634 for (kid = cLISTOPo->op_first; kid; kid = kid->op_sibling)
1639 if (type != OP_LEAVESUBLV)
1641 break; /* mod()ing was handled by ck_return() */
1644 /* [20011101.069] File test operators interpret OPf_REF to mean that
1645 their argument is a filehandle; thus \stat(".") should not set
1647 if (type == OP_REFGEN &&
1648 PL_check[o->op_type] == MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_ck_ftst))
1651 if (type != OP_LEAVESUBLV)
1652 o->op_flags |= OPf_MOD;
1654 if (type == OP_AASSIGN || type == OP_SASSIGN)
1655 o->op_flags |= OPf_SPECIAL|OPf_REF;
1656 else if (!type) { /* local() */
1659 o->op_private |= OPpLVAL_INTRO;
1660 o->op_flags &= ~OPf_SPECIAL;
1661 PL_hints |= HINT_BLOCK_SCOPE;
1666 if (ckWARN(WARN_SYNTAX)) {
1667 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_SYNTAX),
1668 "Useless localization of %s", OP_DESC(o));
1672 else if (type != OP_GREPSTART && type != OP_ENTERSUB
1673 && type != OP_LEAVESUBLV)
1674 o->op_flags |= OPf_REF;
1679 S_scalar_mod_type(const OP *o, I32 type)
1681 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_SCALAR_MOD_TYPE;
1685 if (o->op_type == OP_RV2GV)
1709 case OP_RIGHT_SHIFT:
1729 S_is_handle_constructor(const OP *o, I32 numargs)
1731 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_IS_HANDLE_CONSTRUCTOR;
1733 switch (o->op_type) {
1741 case OP_SELECT: /* XXX c.f. SelectSaver.pm */
1754 Perl_refkids(pTHX_ OP *o, I32 type)
1756 if (o && o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) {
1758 for (kid = cLISTOPo->op_first; kid; kid = kid->op_sibling)
1765 Perl_doref(pTHX_ OP *o, I32 type, bool set_op_ref)
1770 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_DOREF;
1772 if (!o || (PL_parser && PL_parser->error_count))
1775 switch (o->op_type) {
1777 if ((type == OP_EXISTS || type == OP_DEFINED || type == OP_LOCK) &&
1778 !(o->op_flags & OPf_STACKED)) {
1779 o->op_type = OP_RV2CV; /* entersub => rv2cv */
1780 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_RV2CV];
1781 assert(cUNOPo->op_first->op_type == OP_NULL);
1782 op_null(((LISTOP*)cUNOPo->op_first)->op_first); /* disable pushmark */
1783 o->op_flags |= OPf_SPECIAL;
1784 o->op_private &= ~1;
1789 for (kid = cUNOPo->op_first->op_sibling; kid; kid = kid->op_sibling)
1790 doref(kid, type, set_op_ref);
1793 if (type == OP_DEFINED)
1794 o->op_flags |= OPf_SPECIAL; /* don't create GV */
1795 doref(cUNOPo->op_first, o->op_type, set_op_ref);
1798 if (type == OP_RV2SV || type == OP_RV2AV || type == OP_RV2HV) {
1799 o->op_private |= (type == OP_RV2AV ? OPpDEREF_AV
1800 : type == OP_RV2HV ? OPpDEREF_HV
1802 o->op_flags |= OPf_MOD;
1809 o->op_flags |= OPf_REF;
1812 if (type == OP_DEFINED)
1813 o->op_flags |= OPf_SPECIAL; /* don't create GV */
1814 doref(cUNOPo->op_first, o->op_type, set_op_ref);
1820 o->op_flags |= OPf_REF;
1825 if (!(o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS))
1827 doref(cBINOPo->op_first, type, set_op_ref);
1831 doref(cBINOPo->op_first, o->op_type, set_op_ref);
1832 if (type == OP_RV2SV || type == OP_RV2AV || type == OP_RV2HV) {
1833 o->op_private |= (type == OP_RV2AV ? OPpDEREF_AV
1834 : type == OP_RV2HV ? OPpDEREF_HV
1836 o->op_flags |= OPf_MOD;
1846 if (!(o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS))
1848 doref(cLISTOPo->op_last, type, set_op_ref);
1858 S_dup_attrlist(pTHX_ OP *o)
1863 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_DUP_ATTRLIST;
1865 /* An attrlist is either a simple OP_CONST or an OP_LIST with kids,
1866 * where the first kid is OP_PUSHMARK and the remaining ones
1867 * are OP_CONST. We need to push the OP_CONST values.
1869 if (o->op_type == OP_CONST)
1870 rop = newSVOP(OP_CONST, o->op_flags, SvREFCNT_inc_NN(cSVOPo->op_sv));
1872 else if (o->op_type == OP_NULL)
1876 assert((o->op_type == OP_LIST) && (o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS));
1878 for (o = cLISTOPo->op_first; o; o=o->op_sibling) {
1879 if (o->op_type == OP_CONST)
1880 rop = append_elem(OP_LIST, rop,
1881 newSVOP(OP_CONST, o->op_flags,
1882 SvREFCNT_inc_NN(cSVOPo->op_sv)));
1889 S_apply_attrs(pTHX_ HV *stash, SV *target, OP *attrs, bool for_my)
1894 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_APPLY_ATTRS;
1896 /* fake up C<use attributes $pkg,$rv,@attrs> */
1897 ENTER; /* need to protect against side-effects of 'use' */
1898 stashsv = stash ? newSVhek(HvNAME_HEK(stash)) : &PL_sv_no;
1900 #define ATTRSMODULE "attributes"
1901 #define ATTRSMODULE_PM "attributes.pm"
1904 /* Don't force the C<use> if we don't need it. */
1905 SV * const * const svp = hv_fetchs(GvHVn(PL_incgv), ATTRSMODULE_PM, FALSE);
1906 if (svp && *svp != &PL_sv_undef)
1907 NOOP; /* already in %INC */
1909 Perl_load_module(aTHX_ PERL_LOADMOD_NOIMPORT,
1910 newSVpvs(ATTRSMODULE), NULL);
1913 Perl_load_module(aTHX_ PERL_LOADMOD_IMPORT_OPS,
1914 newSVpvs(ATTRSMODULE),
1916 prepend_elem(OP_LIST,
1917 newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, stashsv),
1918 prepend_elem(OP_LIST,
1919 newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0,
1921 dup_attrlist(attrs))));
1927 S_apply_attrs_my(pTHX_ HV *stash, OP *target, OP *attrs, OP **imopsp)
1930 OP *pack, *imop, *arg;
1933 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_APPLY_ATTRS_MY;
1938 assert(target->op_type == OP_PADSV ||
1939 target->op_type == OP_PADHV ||
1940 target->op_type == OP_PADAV);
1942 /* Ensure that attributes.pm is loaded. */
1943 apply_attrs(stash, PAD_SV(target->op_targ), attrs, TRUE);
1945 /* Need package name for method call. */
1946 pack = newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, newSVpvs(ATTRSMODULE));
1948 /* Build up the real arg-list. */
1949 stashsv = stash ? newSVhek(HvNAME_HEK(stash)) : &PL_sv_no;
1951 arg = newOP(OP_PADSV, 0);
1952 arg->op_targ = target->op_targ;
1953 arg = prepend_elem(OP_LIST,
1954 newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, stashsv),
1955 prepend_elem(OP_LIST,
1956 newUNOP(OP_REFGEN, 0,
1957 mod(arg, OP_REFGEN)),
1958 dup_attrlist(attrs)));
1960 /* Fake up a method call to import */
1961 meth = newSVpvs_share("import");
1962 imop = convert(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_STACKED|OPf_SPECIAL|OPf_WANT_VOID,
1963 append_elem(OP_LIST,
1964 prepend_elem(OP_LIST, pack, list(arg)),
1965 newSVOP(OP_METHOD_NAMED, 0, meth)));
1966 imop->op_private |= OPpENTERSUB_NOMOD;
1968 /* Combine the ops. */
1969 *imopsp = append_elem(OP_LIST, *imopsp, imop);
1973 =notfor apidoc apply_attrs_string
1975 Attempts to apply a list of attributes specified by the C<attrstr> and
1976 C<len> arguments to the subroutine identified by the C<cv> argument which
1977 is expected to be associated with the package identified by the C<stashpv>
1978 argument (see L<attributes>). It gets this wrong, though, in that it
1979 does not correctly identify the boundaries of the individual attribute
1980 specifications within C<attrstr>. This is not really intended for the
1981 public API, but has to be listed here for systems such as AIX which
1982 need an explicit export list for symbols. (It's called from XS code
1983 in support of the C<ATTRS:> keyword from F<xsubpp>.) Patches to fix it
1984 to respect attribute syntax properly would be welcome.
1990 Perl_apply_attrs_string(pTHX_ const char *stashpv, CV *cv,
1991 const char *attrstr, STRLEN len)
1995 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_APPLY_ATTRS_STRING;
1998 len = strlen(attrstr);
2002 for (; isSPACE(*attrstr) && len; --len, ++attrstr) ;
2004 const char * const sstr = attrstr;
2005 for (; !isSPACE(*attrstr) && len; --len, ++attrstr) ;
2006 attrs = append_elem(OP_LIST, attrs,
2007 newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0,
2008 newSVpvn(sstr, attrstr-sstr)));
2012 Perl_load_module(aTHX_ PERL_LOADMOD_IMPORT_OPS,
2013 newSVpvs(ATTRSMODULE),
2014 NULL, prepend_elem(OP_LIST,
2015 newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, newSVpv(stashpv,0)),
2016 prepend_elem(OP_LIST,
2017 newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0,
2023 S_my_kid(pTHX_ OP *o, OP *attrs, OP **imopsp)
2028 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_MY_KID;
2030 if (!o || (PL_parser && PL_parser->error_count))
2034 if (PL_madskills && type == OP_NULL && o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) {
2035 (void)my_kid(cUNOPo->op_first, attrs, imopsp);
2039 if (type == OP_LIST) {
2041 for (kid = cLISTOPo->op_first; kid; kid = kid->op_sibling)
2042 my_kid(kid, attrs, imopsp);
2043 } else if (type == OP_UNDEF
2049 } else if (type == OP_RV2SV || /* "our" declaration */
2051 type == OP_RV2HV) { /* XXX does this let anything illegal in? */
2052 if (cUNOPo->op_first->op_type != OP_GV) { /* MJD 20011224 */
2053 yyerror(Perl_form(aTHX_ "Can't declare %s in \"%s\"",
2055 PL_parser->in_my == KEY_our
2057 : PL_parser->in_my == KEY_state ? "state" : "my"));
2059 GV * const gv = cGVOPx_gv(cUNOPo->op_first);
2060 PL_parser->in_my = FALSE;
2061 PL_parser->in_my_stash = NULL;
2062 apply_attrs(GvSTASH(gv),
2063 (type == OP_RV2SV ? GvSV(gv) :
2064 type == OP_RV2AV ? (SV*)GvAV(gv) :
2065 type == OP_RV2HV ? (SV*)GvHV(gv) : (SV*)gv),
2068 o->op_private |= OPpOUR_INTRO;
2071 else if (type != OP_PADSV &&
2074 type != OP_PUSHMARK)
2076 yyerror(Perl_form(aTHX_ "Can't declare %s in \"%s\"",
2078 PL_parser->in_my == KEY_our
2080 : PL_parser->in_my == KEY_state ? "state" : "my"));
2083 else if (attrs && type != OP_PUSHMARK) {
2086 PL_parser->in_my = FALSE;
2087 PL_parser->in_my_stash = NULL;
2089 /* check for C<my Dog $spot> when deciding package */
2090 stash = PAD_COMPNAME_TYPE(o->op_targ);
2092 stash = PL_curstash;
2093 apply_attrs_my(stash, o, attrs, imopsp);
2095 o->op_flags |= OPf_MOD;
2096 o->op_private |= OPpLVAL_INTRO;
2097 if (PL_parser->in_my == KEY_state)
2098 o->op_private |= OPpPAD_STATE;
2103 Perl_my_attrs(pTHX_ OP *o, OP *attrs)
2107 int maybe_scalar = 0;
2109 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_MY_ATTRS;
2111 /* [perl #17376]: this appears to be premature, and results in code such as
2112 C< our(%x); > executing in list mode rather than void mode */
2114 if (o->op_flags & OPf_PARENS)
2124 o = my_kid(o, attrs, &rops);
2126 if (maybe_scalar && o->op_type == OP_PADSV) {
2127 o = scalar(append_list(OP_LIST, (LISTOP*)rops, (LISTOP*)o));
2128 o->op_private |= OPpLVAL_INTRO;
2131 o = append_list(OP_LIST, (LISTOP*)o, (LISTOP*)rops);
2133 PL_parser->in_my = FALSE;
2134 PL_parser->in_my_stash = NULL;
2139 Perl_my(pTHX_ OP *o)
2141 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_MY;
2143 return my_attrs(o, NULL);
2147 Perl_sawparens(pTHX_ OP *o)
2149 PERL_UNUSED_CONTEXT;
2151 o->op_flags |= OPf_PARENS;
2156 Perl_bind_match(pTHX_ I32 type, OP *left, OP *right)
2160 const OPCODE ltype = left->op_type;
2161 const OPCODE rtype = right->op_type;
2163 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_BIND_MATCH;
2165 if ( (ltype == OP_RV2AV || ltype == OP_RV2HV || ltype == OP_PADAV
2166 || ltype == OP_PADHV) && ckWARN(WARN_MISC))
2168 const char * const desc
2169 = PL_op_desc[(rtype == OP_SUBST || rtype == OP_TRANS)
2170 ? (int)rtype : OP_MATCH];
2171 const char * const sample = ((ltype == OP_RV2AV || ltype == OP_PADAV)
2172 ? "@array" : "%hash");
2173 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_MISC),
2174 "Applying %s to %s will act on scalar(%s)",
2175 desc, sample, sample);
2178 if (rtype == OP_CONST &&
2179 cSVOPx(right)->op_private & OPpCONST_BARE &&
2180 cSVOPx(right)->op_private & OPpCONST_STRICT)
2182 no_bareword_allowed(right);
2185 ismatchop = rtype == OP_MATCH ||
2186 rtype == OP_SUBST ||
2188 if (ismatchop && right->op_private & OPpTARGET_MY) {
2190 right->op_private &= ~OPpTARGET_MY;
2192 if (!(right->op_flags & OPf_STACKED) && ismatchop) {
2195 right->op_flags |= OPf_STACKED;
2196 if (rtype != OP_MATCH &&
2197 ! (rtype == OP_TRANS &&
2198 right->op_private & OPpTRANS_IDENTICAL))
2199 newleft = mod(left, rtype);
2202 if (right->op_type == OP_TRANS)
2203 o = newBINOP(OP_NULL, OPf_STACKED, scalar(newleft), right);
2205 o = prepend_elem(rtype, scalar(newleft), right);
2207 return newUNOP(OP_NOT, 0, scalar(o));
2211 return bind_match(type, left,
2212 pmruntime(newPMOP(OP_MATCH, 0), right, 0));
2216 Perl_invert(pTHX_ OP *o)
2220 return newUNOP(OP_NOT, OPf_SPECIAL, scalar(o));
2224 Perl_scope(pTHX_ OP *o)
2228 if (o->op_flags & OPf_PARENS || PERLDB_NOOPT || PL_tainting) {
2229 o = prepend_elem(OP_LINESEQ, newOP(OP_ENTER, 0), o);
2230 o->op_type = OP_LEAVE;
2231 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_LEAVE];
2233 else if (o->op_type == OP_LINESEQ) {
2235 o->op_type = OP_SCOPE;
2236 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_SCOPE];
2237 kid = ((LISTOP*)o)->op_first;
2238 if (kid->op_type == OP_NEXTSTATE || kid->op_type == OP_DBSTATE) {
2241 /* The following deals with things like 'do {1 for 1}' */
2242 kid = kid->op_sibling;
2244 (kid->op_type == OP_NEXTSTATE || kid->op_type == OP_DBSTATE))
2249 o = newLISTOP(OP_SCOPE, 0, o, NULL);
2255 Perl_block_start(pTHX_ int full)
2258 const int retval = PL_savestack_ix;
2259 pad_block_start(full);
2261 PL_hints &= ~HINT_BLOCK_SCOPE;
2262 SAVECOMPILEWARNINGS();
2263 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = DUP_WARNINGS(PL_compiling.cop_warnings);
2268 Perl_block_end(pTHX_ I32 floor, OP *seq)
2271 const int needblockscope = PL_hints & HINT_BLOCK_SCOPE;
2272 OP* const retval = scalarseq(seq);
2274 CopHINTS_set(&PL_compiling, PL_hints);
2276 PL_hints |= HINT_BLOCK_SCOPE; /* propagate out */
2285 const PADOFFSET offset = pad_findmy("$_");
2286 if (offset == NOT_IN_PAD || PAD_COMPNAME_FLAGS_isOUR(offset)) {
2287 return newSVREF(newGVOP(OP_GV, 0, PL_defgv));
2290 OP * const o = newOP(OP_PADSV, 0);
2291 o->op_targ = offset;
2297 Perl_newPROG(pTHX_ OP *o)
2301 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_NEWPROG;
2306 PL_eval_root = newUNOP(OP_LEAVEEVAL,
2307 ((PL_in_eval & EVAL_KEEPERR)
2308 ? OPf_SPECIAL : 0), o);
2309 PL_eval_start = linklist(PL_eval_root);
2310 PL_eval_root->op_private |= OPpREFCOUNTED;
2311 OpREFCNT_set(PL_eval_root, 1);
2312 PL_eval_root->op_next = 0;
2313 CALL_PEEP(PL_eval_start);
2316 if (o->op_type == OP_STUB) {
2317 PL_comppad_name = 0;
2319 S_op_destroy(aTHX_ o);
2322 PL_main_root = scope(sawparens(scalarvoid(o)));
2323 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
2324 PL_main_start = LINKLIST(PL_main_root);
2325 PL_main_root->op_private |= OPpREFCOUNTED;
2326 OpREFCNT_set(PL_main_root, 1);
2327 PL_main_root->op_next = 0;
2328 CALL_PEEP(PL_main_start);
2331 /* Register with debugger */
2334 = Perl_get_cvn_flags(aTHX_ STR_WITH_LEN("DB::postponed"), 0);
2338 XPUSHs((SV*)CopFILEGV(&PL_compiling));
2340 call_sv((SV*)cv, G_DISCARD);
2347 Perl_localize(pTHX_ OP *o, I32 lex)
2351 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_LOCALIZE;
2353 if (o->op_flags & OPf_PARENS)
2354 /* [perl #17376]: this appears to be premature, and results in code such as
2355 C< our(%x); > executing in list mode rather than void mode */
2362 if ( PL_parser->bufptr > PL_parser->oldbufptr
2363 && PL_parser->bufptr[-1] == ','
2364 && ckWARN(WARN_PARENTHESIS))
2366 char *s = PL_parser->bufptr;
2369 /* some heuristics to detect a potential error */
2370 while (*s && (strchr(", \t\n", *s)))
2374 if (*s && strchr("@$%*", *s) && *++s
2375 && (isALNUM(*s) || UTF8_IS_CONTINUED(*s))) {
2378 while (*s && (isALNUM(*s) || UTF8_IS_CONTINUED(*s)))
2380 while (*s && (strchr(", \t\n", *s)))
2386 if (sigil && (*s == ';' || *s == '=')) {
2387 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_PARENTHESIS),
2388 "Parentheses missing around \"%s\" list",
2390 ? (PL_parser->in_my == KEY_our
2392 : PL_parser->in_my == KEY_state
2402 o = mod(o, OP_NULL); /* a bit kludgey */
2403 PL_parser->in_my = FALSE;
2404 PL_parser->in_my_stash = NULL;
2409 Perl_jmaybe(pTHX_ OP *o)
2411 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_JMAYBE;
2413 if (o->op_type == OP_LIST) {
2415 = newSVREF(newGVOP(OP_GV, 0, gv_fetchpvs(";", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PV)));
2416 o = convert(OP_JOIN, 0, prepend_elem(OP_LIST, o2, o));
2422 Perl_fold_constants(pTHX_ register OP *o)
2425 register OP * VOL curop;
2427 VOL I32 type = o->op_type;
2432 SV * const oldwarnhook = PL_warnhook;
2433 SV * const olddiehook = PL_diehook;
2437 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_FOLD_CONSTANTS;
2439 if (PL_opargs[type] & OA_RETSCALAR)
2441 if (PL_opargs[type] & OA_TARGET && !o->op_targ)
2442 o->op_targ = pad_alloc(type, SVs_PADTMP);
2444 /* integerize op, unless it happens to be C<-foo>.
2445 * XXX should pp_i_negate() do magic string negation instead? */
2446 if ((PL_opargs[type] & OA_OTHERINT) && (PL_hints & HINT_INTEGER)
2447 && !(type == OP_NEGATE && cUNOPo->op_first->op_type == OP_CONST
2448 && (cUNOPo->op_first->op_private & OPpCONST_BARE)))
2450 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[type = ++(o->op_type)];
2453 if (!(PL_opargs[type] & OA_FOLDCONST))
2458 /* XXX might want a ck_negate() for this */
2459 cUNOPo->op_first->op_private &= ~OPpCONST_STRICT;
2470 /* XXX what about the numeric ops? */
2471 if (PL_hints & HINT_LOCALE)
2476 if (PL_parser && PL_parser->error_count)
2477 goto nope; /* Don't try to run w/ errors */
2479 for (curop = LINKLIST(o); curop != o; curop = LINKLIST(curop)) {
2480 const OPCODE type = curop->op_type;
2481 if ((type != OP_CONST || (curop->op_private & OPpCONST_BARE)) &&
2483 type != OP_SCALAR &&
2485 type != OP_PUSHMARK)
2491 curop = LINKLIST(o);
2492 old_next = o->op_next;
2496 oldscope = PL_scopestack_ix;
2497 create_eval_scope(G_FAKINGEVAL);
2499 /* Verify that we don't need to save it: */
2500 assert(PL_curcop == &PL_compiling);
2501 StructCopy(&PL_compiling, ¬_compiling, COP);
2502 PL_curcop = ¬_compiling;
2503 /* The above ensures that we run with all the correct hints of the
2504 currently compiling COP, but that IN_PERL_RUNTIME is not true. */
2505 assert(IN_PERL_RUNTIME);
2506 PL_warnhook = PERL_WARNHOOK_FATAL;
2513 sv = *(PL_stack_sp--);
2514 if (o->op_targ && sv == PAD_SV(o->op_targ)) /* grab pad temp? */
2515 pad_swipe(o->op_targ, FALSE);
2516 else if (SvTEMP(sv)) { /* grab mortal temp? */
2517 SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void(sv);
2522 /* Something tried to die. Abandon constant folding. */
2523 /* Pretend the error never happened. */
2525 o->op_next = old_next;
2529 /* Don't expect 1 (setjmp failed) or 2 (something called my_exit) */
2530 PL_warnhook = oldwarnhook;
2531 PL_diehook = olddiehook;
2532 /* XXX note that this croak may fail as we've already blown away
2533 * the stack - eg any nested evals */
2534 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: fold_constants JMPENV_PUSH returned %d", ret);
2537 PL_warnhook = oldwarnhook;
2538 PL_diehook = olddiehook;
2539 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
2541 if (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
2542 delete_eval_scope();
2551 if (type == OP_RV2GV)
2552 newop = newGVOP(OP_GV, 0, (GV*)sv);
2554 newop = newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, (SV*)sv);
2555 op_getmad(o,newop,'f');
2563 Perl_gen_constant_list(pTHX_ register OP *o)
2567 const I32 oldtmps_floor = PL_tmps_floor;
2570 if (PL_parser && PL_parser->error_count)
2571 return o; /* Don't attempt to run with errors */
2573 PL_op = curop = LINKLIST(o);
2579 assert (!(curop->op_flags & OPf_SPECIAL));
2580 assert(curop->op_type == OP_RANGE);
2582 PL_tmps_floor = oldtmps_floor;
2584 o->op_type = OP_RV2AV;
2585 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_RV2AV];
2586 o->op_flags &= ~OPf_REF; /* treat \(1..2) like an ordinary list */
2587 o->op_flags |= OPf_PARENS; /* and flatten \(1..2,3) */
2588 o->op_opt = 0; /* needs to be revisited in peep() */
2589 curop = ((UNOP*)o)->op_first;
2590 ((UNOP*)o)->op_first = newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, SvREFCNT_inc_NN(*PL_stack_sp--));
2592 op_getmad(curop,o,'O');
2601 Perl_convert(pTHX_ I32 type, I32 flags, OP *o)
2604 if (!o || o->op_type != OP_LIST)
2605 o = newLISTOP(OP_LIST, 0, o, NULL);
2607 o->op_flags &= ~OPf_WANT;
2609 if (!(PL_opargs[type] & OA_MARK))
2610 op_null(cLISTOPo->op_first);
2612 o->op_type = (OPCODE)type;
2613 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[type];
2614 o->op_flags |= flags;
2616 o = CHECKOP(type, o);
2617 if (o->op_type != (unsigned)type)
2620 return fold_constants(o);
2623 /* List constructors */
2626 Perl_append_elem(pTHX_ I32 type, OP *first, OP *last)
2634 if (first->op_type != (unsigned)type
2635 || (type == OP_LIST && (first->op_flags & OPf_PARENS)))
2637 return newLISTOP(type, 0, first, last);
2640 if (first->op_flags & OPf_KIDS)
2641 ((LISTOP*)first)->op_last->op_sibling = last;
2643 first->op_flags |= OPf_KIDS;
2644 ((LISTOP*)first)->op_first = last;
2646 ((LISTOP*)first)->op_last = last;
2651 Perl_append_list(pTHX_ I32 type, LISTOP *first, LISTOP *last)
2659 if (first->op_type != (unsigned)type)
2660 return prepend_elem(type, (OP*)first, (OP*)last);
2662 if (last->op_type != (unsigned)type)
2663 return append_elem(type, (OP*)first, (OP*)last);
2665 first->op_last->op_sibling = last->op_first;
2666 first->op_last = last->op_last;
2667 first->op_flags |= (last->op_flags & OPf_KIDS);
2670 if (last->op_first && first->op_madprop) {
2671 MADPROP *mp = last->op_first->op_madprop;
2673 while (mp->mad_next)
2675 mp->mad_next = first->op_madprop;
2678 last->op_first->op_madprop = first->op_madprop;
2681 first->op_madprop = last->op_madprop;
2682 last->op_madprop = 0;
2685 S_op_destroy(aTHX_ (OP*)last);
2691 Perl_prepend_elem(pTHX_ I32 type, OP *first, OP *last)
2699 if (last->op_type == (unsigned)type) {
2700 if (type == OP_LIST) { /* already a PUSHMARK there */
2701 first->op_sibling = ((LISTOP*)last)->op_first->op_sibling;
2702 ((LISTOP*)last)->op_first->op_sibling = first;
2703 if (!(first->op_flags & OPf_PARENS))
2704 last->op_flags &= ~OPf_PARENS;
2707 if (!(last->op_flags & OPf_KIDS)) {
2708 ((LISTOP*)last)->op_last = first;
2709 last->op_flags |= OPf_KIDS;
2711 first->op_sibling = ((LISTOP*)last)->op_first;
2712 ((LISTOP*)last)->op_first = first;
2714 last->op_flags |= OPf_KIDS;
2718 return newLISTOP(type, 0, first, last);
2726 Perl_newTOKEN(pTHX_ I32 optype, YYSTYPE lval, MADPROP* madprop)
2729 Newxz(tk, 1, TOKEN);
2730 tk->tk_type = (OPCODE)optype;
2731 tk->tk_type = 12345;
2733 tk->tk_mad = madprop;
2738 Perl_token_free(pTHX_ TOKEN* tk)
2740 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_TOKEN_FREE;
2742 if (tk->tk_type != 12345)
2744 mad_free(tk->tk_mad);
2749 Perl_token_getmad(pTHX_ TOKEN* tk, OP* o, char slot)
2754 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_TOKEN_GETMAD;
2756 if (tk->tk_type != 12345) {
2757 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_MISC),
2758 "Invalid TOKEN object ignored");
2765 /* faked up qw list? */
2767 tm->mad_type == MAD_SV &&
2768 SvPVX((SV*)tm->mad_val)[0] == 'q')
2775 /* pretend constant fold didn't happen? */
2776 if (mp->mad_key == 'f' &&
2777 (o->op_type == OP_CONST ||
2778 o->op_type == OP_GV) )
2780 token_getmad(tk,(OP*)mp->mad_val,slot);
2794 if (mp->mad_key == 'X')
2795 mp->mad_key = slot; /* just change the first one */
2805 Perl_op_getmad_weak(pTHX_ OP* from, OP* o, char slot)
2814 /* pretend constant fold didn't happen? */
2815 if (mp->mad_key == 'f' &&
2816 (o->op_type == OP_CONST ||
2817 o->op_type == OP_GV) )
2819 op_getmad(from,(OP*)mp->mad_val,slot);
2826 mp->mad_next = newMADPROP(slot,MAD_OP,from,0);
2829 o->op_madprop = newMADPROP(slot,MAD_OP,from,0);
2835 Perl_op_getmad(pTHX_ OP* from, OP* o, char slot)
2844 /* pretend constant fold didn't happen? */
2845 if (mp->mad_key == 'f' &&
2846 (o->op_type == OP_CONST ||
2847 o->op_type == OP_GV) )
2849 op_getmad(from,(OP*)mp->mad_val,slot);
2856 mp->mad_next = newMADPROP(slot,MAD_OP,from,1);
2859 o->op_madprop = newMADPROP(slot,MAD_OP,from,1);
2863 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stderr(),
2864 "DESTROYING op = %0"UVxf"\n", PTR2UV(from));
2870 Perl_prepend_madprops(pTHX_ MADPROP* mp, OP* o, char slot)
2888 Perl_append_madprops(pTHX_ MADPROP* tm, OP* o, char slot)
2892 addmad(tm, &(o->op_madprop), slot);
2896 Perl_addmad(pTHX_ MADPROP* tm, MADPROP** root, char slot)
2917 Perl_newMADsv(pTHX_ char key, SV* sv)
2919 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_NEWMADSV;
2921 return newMADPROP(key, MAD_SV, sv, 0);
2925 Perl_newMADPROP(pTHX_ char key, char type, const void* val, I32 vlen)
2928 Newxz(mp, 1, MADPROP);
2931 mp->mad_vlen = vlen;
2932 mp->mad_type = type;
2934 /* PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stderr(), "NEW mp = %0x\n", mp); */
2939 Perl_mad_free(pTHX_ MADPROP* mp)
2941 /* PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stderr(), "FREE mp = %0x\n", mp); */
2945 mad_free(mp->mad_next);
2946 /* if (PL_parser && PL_parser->lex_state != LEX_NOTPARSING && mp->mad_vlen)
2947 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stderr(), "DESTROYING '%c'=<%s>\n", mp->mad_key & 255, mp->mad_val); */
2948 switch (mp->mad_type) {
2952 Safefree((char*)mp->mad_val);
2955 if (mp->mad_vlen) /* vlen holds "strong/weak" boolean */
2956 op_free((OP*)mp->mad_val);
2959 sv_free((SV*)mp->mad_val);
2962 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stderr(), "Unrecognized mad\n");
2971 Perl_newNULLLIST(pTHX)
2973 return newOP(OP_STUB, 0);
2977 Perl_force_list(pTHX_ OP *o)
2979 if (!o || o->op_type != OP_LIST)
2980 o = newLISTOP(OP_LIST, 0, o, NULL);
2986 Perl_newLISTOP(pTHX_ I32 type, I32 flags, OP *first, OP *last)
2991 NewOp(1101, listop, 1, LISTOP);
2993 listop->op_type = (OPCODE)type;
2994 listop->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[type];
2997 listop->op_flags = (U8)flags;
3001 else if (!first && last)
3004 first->op_sibling = last;
3005 listop->op_first = first;
3006 listop->op_last = last;
3007 if (type == OP_LIST) {
3008 OP* const pushop = newOP(OP_PUSHMARK, 0);
3009 pushop->op_sibling = first;
3010 listop->op_first = pushop;
3011 listop->op_flags |= OPf_KIDS;
3013 listop->op_last = pushop;
3016 return CHECKOP(type, listop);
3020 Perl_newOP(pTHX_ I32 type, I32 flags)
3024 NewOp(1101, o, 1, OP);
3025 o->op_type = (OPCODE)type;
3026 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[type];
3027 o->op_flags = (U8)flags;
3029 o->op_latefreed = 0;
3033 o->op_private = (U8)(0 | (flags >> 8));
3034 if (PL_opargs[type] & OA_RETSCALAR)
3036 if (PL_opargs[type] & OA_TARGET)
3037 o->op_targ = pad_alloc(type, SVs_PADTMP);
3038 return CHECKOP(type, o);
3042 Perl_newUNOP(pTHX_ I32 type, I32 flags, OP *first)
3048 first = newOP(OP_STUB, 0);
3049 if (PL_opargs[type] & OA_MARK)
3050 first = force_list(first);
3052 NewOp(1101, unop, 1, UNOP);
3053 unop->op_type = (OPCODE)type;
3054 unop->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[type];
3055 unop->op_first = first;
3056 unop->op_flags = (U8)(flags | OPf_KIDS);
3057 unop->op_private = (U8)(1 | (flags >> 8));
3058 unop = (UNOP*) CHECKOP(type, unop);
3062 return fold_constants((OP *) unop);
3066 Perl_newBINOP(pTHX_ I32 type, I32 flags, OP *first, OP *last)
3070 NewOp(1101, binop, 1, BINOP);
3073 first = newOP(OP_NULL, 0);
3075 binop->op_type = (OPCODE)type;
3076 binop->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[type];
3077 binop->op_first = first;
3078 binop->op_flags = (U8)(flags | OPf_KIDS);
3081 binop->op_private = (U8)(1 | (flags >> 8));
3084 binop->op_private = (U8)(2 | (flags >> 8));
3085 first->op_sibling = last;
3088 binop = (BINOP*)CHECKOP(type, binop);
3089 if (binop->op_next || binop->op_type != (OPCODE)type)
3092 binop->op_last = binop->op_first->op_sibling;
3094 return fold_constants((OP *)binop);
3097 static int uvcompare(const void *a, const void *b)
3098 __attribute__nonnull__(1)
3099 __attribute__nonnull__(2)
3100 __attribute__pure__;
3101 static int uvcompare(const void *a, const void *b)
3103 if (*((const UV *)a) < (*(const UV *)b))
3105 if (*((const UV *)a) > (*(const UV *)b))
3107 if (*((const UV *)a+1) < (*(const UV *)b+1))
3109 if (*((const UV *)a+1) > (*(const UV *)b+1))
3115 Perl_pmtrans(pTHX_ OP *o, OP *expr, OP *repl)
3118 SV * const tstr = ((SVOP*)expr)->op_sv;
3121 (repl->op_type == OP_NULL)
3122 ? ((SVOP*)((LISTOP*)repl)->op_first)->op_sv :
3124 ((SVOP*)repl)->op_sv;
3127 const U8 *t = (U8*)SvPV_const(tstr, tlen);
3128 const U8 *r = (U8*)SvPV_const(rstr, rlen);
3132 register short *tbl;
3134 const I32 complement = o->op_private & OPpTRANS_COMPLEMENT;
3135 const I32 squash = o->op_private & OPpTRANS_SQUASH;
3136 I32 del = o->op_private & OPpTRANS_DELETE;
3139 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_PMTRANS;
3141 PL_hints |= HINT_BLOCK_SCOPE;
3144 o->op_private |= OPpTRANS_FROM_UTF;
3147 o->op_private |= OPpTRANS_TO_UTF;
3149 if (o->op_private & (OPpTRANS_FROM_UTF|OPpTRANS_TO_UTF)) {
3150 SV* const listsv = newSVpvs("# comment\n");
3152 const U8* tend = t + tlen;
3153 const U8* rend = r + rlen;
3167 const I32 from_utf = o->op_private & OPpTRANS_FROM_UTF;
3168 const I32 to_utf = o->op_private & OPpTRANS_TO_UTF;
3171 const U32 flags = UTF8_ALLOW_DEFAULT;
3175 t = tsave = bytes_to_utf8(t, &len);
3178 if (!to_utf && rlen) {
3180 r = rsave = bytes_to_utf8(r, &len);
3184 /* There are several snags with this code on EBCDIC:
3185 1. 0xFF is a legal UTF-EBCDIC byte (there are no illegal bytes).
3186 2. scan_const() in toke.c has encoded chars in native encoding which makes
3187 ranges at least in EBCDIC 0..255 range the bottom odd.
3191 U8 tmpbuf[UTF8_MAXBYTES+1];
3194 Newx(cp, 2*tlen, UV);
3196 transv = newSVpvs("");
3198 cp[2*i] = utf8n_to_uvuni(t, tend-t, &ulen, flags);
3200 if (t < tend && NATIVE_TO_UTF(*t) == 0xff) {
3202 cp[2*i+1] = utf8n_to_uvuni(t, tend-t, &ulen, flags);
3206 cp[2*i+1] = cp[2*i];
3210 qsort(cp, i, 2*sizeof(UV), uvcompare);
3211 for (j = 0; j < i; j++) {
3213 diff = val - nextmin;
3215 t = uvuni_to_utf8(tmpbuf,nextmin);
3216 sv_catpvn(transv, (char*)tmpbuf, t - tmpbuf);
3218 U8 range_mark = UTF_TO_NATIVE(0xff);
3219 t = uvuni_to_utf8(tmpbuf, val - 1);
3220 sv_catpvn(transv, (char *)&range_mark, 1);
3221 sv_catpvn(transv, (char*)tmpbuf, t - tmpbuf);
3228 t = uvuni_to_utf8(tmpbuf,nextmin);
3229 sv_catpvn(transv, (char*)tmpbuf, t - tmpbuf);
3231 U8 range_mark = UTF_TO_NATIVE(0xff);
3232 sv_catpvn(transv, (char *)&range_mark, 1);
3234 t = uvuni_to_utf8_flags(tmpbuf, 0x7fffffff,
3235 UNICODE_ALLOW_SUPER);
3236 sv_catpvn(transv, (char*)tmpbuf, t - tmpbuf);
3237 t = (const U8*)SvPVX_const(transv);
3238 tlen = SvCUR(transv);
3242 else if (!rlen && !del) {
3243 r = t; rlen = tlen; rend = tend;
3246 if ((!rlen && !del) || t == r ||
3247 (tlen == rlen && memEQ((char *)t, (char *)r, tlen)))
3249 o->op_private |= OPpTRANS_IDENTICAL;
3253 while (t < tend || tfirst <= tlast) {
3254 /* see if we need more "t" chars */
3255 if (tfirst > tlast) {
3256 tfirst = (I32)utf8n_to_uvuni(t, tend - t, &ulen, flags);
3258 if (t < tend && NATIVE_TO_UTF(*t) == 0xff) { /* illegal utf8 val indicates range */
3260 tlast = (I32)utf8n_to_uvuni(t, tend - t, &ulen, flags);
3267 /* now see if we need more "r" chars */
3268 if (rfirst > rlast) {
3270 rfirst = (I32)utf8n_to_uvuni(r, rend - r, &ulen, flags);
3272 if (r < rend && NATIVE_TO_UTF(*r) == 0xff) { /* illegal utf8 val indicates range */
3274 rlast = (I32)utf8n_to_uvuni(r, rend - r, &ulen, flags);
3283 rfirst = rlast = 0xffffffff;
3287 /* now see which range will peter our first, if either. */
3288 tdiff = tlast - tfirst;
3289 rdiff = rlast - rfirst;
3296 if (rfirst == 0xffffffff) {
3297 diff = tdiff; /* oops, pretend rdiff is infinite */
3299 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ listsv, "%04lx\t%04lx\tXXXX\n",
3300 (long)tfirst, (long)tlast);
3302 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ listsv, "%04lx\t\tXXXX\n", (long)tfirst);
3306 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ listsv, "%04lx\t%04lx\t%04lx\n",
3307 (long)tfirst, (long)(tfirst + diff),
3310 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ listsv, "%04lx\t\t%04lx\n",
3311 (long)tfirst, (long)rfirst);
3313 if (rfirst + diff > max)
3314 max = rfirst + diff;
3316 grows = (tfirst < rfirst &&
3317 UNISKIP(tfirst) < UNISKIP(rfirst + diff));
3329 else if (max > 0xff)
3334 PerlMemShared_free(cPVOPo->op_pv);
3335 cPVOPo->op_pv = NULL;
3337 swash = (SV*)swash_init("utf8", "", listsv, bits, none);
3339 cPADOPo->op_padix = pad_alloc(OP_TRANS, SVs_PADTMP);
3340 SvREFCNT_dec(PAD_SVl(cPADOPo->op_padix));
3341 PAD_SETSV(cPADOPo->op_padix, swash);
3344 cSVOPo->op_sv = swash;
3346 SvREFCNT_dec(listsv);
3347 SvREFCNT_dec(transv);
3349 if (!del && havefinal && rlen)
3350 (void)hv_store((HV*)SvRV(swash), "FINAL", 5,
3351 newSVuv((UV)final), 0);
3354 o->op_private |= OPpTRANS_GROWS;
3360 op_getmad(expr,o,'e');
3361 op_getmad(repl,o,'r');
3369 tbl = (short*)cPVOPo->op_pv;
3371 Zero(tbl, 256, short);
3372 for (i = 0; i < (I32)tlen; i++)
3374 for (i = 0, j = 0; i < 256; i++) {
3376 if (j >= (I32)rlen) {
3385 if (i < 128 && r[j] >= 128)
3395 o->op_private |= OPpTRANS_IDENTICAL;
3397 else if (j >= (I32)rlen)
3402 PerlMemShared_realloc(tbl,
3403 (0x101+rlen-j) * sizeof(short));
3404 cPVOPo->op_pv = (char*)tbl;
3406 tbl[0x100] = (short)(rlen - j);
3407 for (i=0; i < (I32)rlen - j; i++)
3408 tbl[0x101+i] = r[j+i];
3412 if (!rlen && !del) {
3415 o->op_private |= OPpTRANS_IDENTICAL;
3417 else if (!squash && rlen == tlen && memEQ((char*)t, (char*)r, tlen)) {
3418 o->op_private |= OPpTRANS_IDENTICAL;
3420 for (i = 0; i < 256; i++)
3422 for (i = 0, j = 0; i < (I32)tlen; i++,j++) {
3423 if (j >= (I32)rlen) {
3425 if (tbl[t[i]] == -1)
3431 if (tbl[t[i]] == -1) {
3432 if (t[i] < 128 && r[j] >= 128)
3439 o->op_private |= OPpTRANS_GROWS;
3441 op_getmad(expr,o,'e');
3442 op_getmad(repl,o,'r');
3452 Perl_newPMOP(pTHX_ I32 type, I32 flags)
3457 NewOp(1101, pmop, 1, PMOP);
3458 pmop->op_type = (OPCODE)type;
3459 pmop->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[type];
3460 pmop->op_flags = (U8)flags;
3461 pmop->op_private = (U8)(0 | (flags >> 8));
3463 if (PL_hints & HINT_RE_TAINT)
3464 pmop->op_pmflags |= PMf_RETAINT;
3465 if (PL_hints & HINT_LOCALE)
3466 pmop->op_pmflags |= PMf_LOCALE;
3470 assert(SvPOK(PL_regex_pad[0]));
3471 if (SvCUR(PL_regex_pad[0])) {
3472 /* Pop off the "packed" IV from the end. */
3473 SV *const repointer_list = PL_regex_pad[0];
3474 const char *p = SvEND(repointer_list) - sizeof(IV);
3475 const IV offset = *((IV*)p);
3477 assert(SvCUR(repointer_list) % sizeof(IV) == 0);
3479 SvEND_set(repointer_list, p);
3481 pmop->op_pmoffset = offset;
3482 /* This slot should be free, so assert this: */
3483 assert(PL_regex_pad[offset] == &PL_sv_undef);
3485 SV * const repointer = &PL_sv_undef;
3486 av_push(PL_regex_padav, repointer);
3487 pmop->op_pmoffset = av_len(PL_regex_padav);
3488 PL_regex_pad = AvARRAY(PL_regex_padav);
3492 return CHECKOP(type, pmop);
3495 /* Given some sort of match op o, and an expression expr containing a
3496 * pattern, either compile expr into a regex and attach it to o (if it's
3497 * constant), or convert expr into a runtime regcomp op sequence (if it's
3500 * isreg indicates that the pattern is part of a regex construct, eg
3501 * $x =~ /pattern/ or split /pattern/, as opposed to $x =~ $pattern or
3502 * split "pattern", which aren't. In the former case, expr will be a list
3503 * if the pattern contains more than one term (eg /a$b/) or if it contains
3504 * a replacement, ie s/// or tr///.
3508 Perl_pmruntime(pTHX_ OP *o, OP *expr, bool isreg)
3513 I32 repl_has_vars = 0;
3517 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_PMRUNTIME;
3519 if (o->op_type == OP_SUBST || o->op_type == OP_TRANS) {
3520 /* last element in list is the replacement; pop it */
3522 repl = cLISTOPx(expr)->op_last;
3523 kid = cLISTOPx(expr)->op_first;
3524 while (kid->op_sibling != repl)
3525 kid = kid->op_sibling;
3526 kid->op_sibling = NULL;
3527 cLISTOPx(expr)->op_last = kid;
3530 if (isreg && expr->op_type == OP_LIST &&
3531 cLISTOPx(expr)->op_first->op_sibling == cLISTOPx(expr)->op_last)
3533 /* convert single element list to element */
3534 OP* const oe = expr;
3535 expr = cLISTOPx(oe)->op_first->op_sibling;
3536 cLISTOPx(oe)->op_first->op_sibling = NULL;
3537 cLISTOPx(oe)->op_last = NULL;
3541 if (o->op_type == OP_TRANS) {
3542 return pmtrans(o, expr, repl);
3545 reglist = isreg && expr->op_type == OP_LIST;
3549 PL_hints |= HINT_BLOCK_SCOPE;
3552 if (expr->op_type == OP_CONST) {
3553 SV *pat = ((SVOP*)expr)->op_sv;
3554 U32 pm_flags = pm->op_pmflags & PMf_COMPILETIME;
3556 if (o->op_flags & OPf_SPECIAL)
3557 pm_flags |= RXf_SPLIT;
3560 assert (SvUTF8(pat));
3561 } else if (SvUTF8(pat)) {
3562 /* Not doing UTF-8, despite what the SV says. Is this only if we're
3563 trapped in use 'bytes'? */
3564 /* Make a copy of the octet sequence, but without the flag on, as
3565 the compiler now honours the SvUTF8 flag on pat. */
3567 const char *const p = SvPV(pat, len);
3568 pat = newSVpvn_flags(p, len, SVs_TEMP);
3571 PM_SETRE(pm, CALLREGCOMP(pat, pm_flags));
3574 op_getmad(expr,(OP*)pm,'e');
3580 if (pm->op_pmflags & PMf_KEEP || !(PL_hints & HINT_RE_EVAL))
3581 expr = newUNOP((!(PL_hints & HINT_RE_EVAL)
3583 : OP_REGCMAYBE),0,expr);
3585 NewOp(1101, rcop, 1, LOGOP);
3586 rcop->op_type = OP_REGCOMP;
3587 rcop->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_REGCOMP];
3588 rcop->op_first = scalar(expr);
3589 rcop->op_flags |= OPf_KIDS
3590 | ((PL_hints & HINT_RE_EVAL) ? OPf_SPECIAL : 0)
3591 | (reglist ? OPf_STACKED : 0);
3592 rcop->op_private = 1;
3595 rcop->op_targ = pad_alloc(rcop->op_type, SVs_PADTMP);
3597 /* /$x/ may cause an eval, since $x might be qr/(?{..})/ */
3600 /* establish postfix order */
3601 if (pm->op_pmflags & PMf_KEEP || !(PL_hints & HINT_RE_EVAL)) {
3603 rcop->op_next = expr;
3604 ((UNOP*)expr)->op_first->op_next = (OP*)rcop;
3607 rcop->op_next = LINKLIST(expr);
3608 expr->op_next = (OP*)rcop;
3611 prepend_elem(o->op_type, scalar((OP*)rcop), o);
3616 if (pm->op_pmflags & PMf_EVAL) {
3618 if (CopLINE(PL_curcop) < (line_t)PL_parser->multi_end)
3619 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, (line_t)PL_parser->multi_end);
3621 else if (repl->op_type == OP_CONST)
3625 for (curop = LINKLIST(repl); curop!=repl; curop = LINKLIST(curop)) {
3626 if (curop->op_type == OP_SCOPE
3627 || curop->op_type == OP_LEAVE
3628 || (PL_opargs[curop->op_type] & OA_DANGEROUS)) {
3629 if (curop->op_type == OP_GV) {
3630 GV * const gv = cGVOPx_gv(curop);
3632 if (strchr("&`'123456789+-\016\022", *GvENAME(gv)))
3635 else if (curop->op_type == OP_RV2CV)
3637 else if (curop->op_type == OP_RV2SV ||
3638 curop->op_type == OP_RV2AV ||
3639 curop->op_type == OP_RV2HV ||
3640 curop->op_type == OP_RV2GV) {
3641 if (lastop && lastop->op_type != OP_GV) /*funny deref?*/
3644 else if (curop->op_type == OP_PADSV ||
3645 curop->op_type == OP_PADAV ||
3646 curop->op_type == OP_PADHV ||
3647 curop->op_type == OP_PADANY)
3651 else if (curop->op_type == OP_PUSHRE)
3652 NOOP; /* Okay here, dangerous in newASSIGNOP */
3662 || RX_EXTFLAGS(PM_GETRE(pm)) & RXf_EVAL_SEEN)))
3664 pm->op_pmflags |= PMf_CONST; /* const for long enough */
3665 prepend_elem(o->op_type, scalar(repl), o);
3668 if (curop == repl && !PM_GETRE(pm)) { /* Has variables. */
3669 pm->op_pmflags |= PMf_MAYBE_CONST;
3671 NewOp(1101, rcop, 1, LOGOP);
3672 rcop->op_type = OP_SUBSTCONT;
3673 rcop->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_SUBSTCONT];
3674 rcop->op_first = scalar(repl);
3675 rcop->op_flags |= OPf_KIDS;
3676 rcop->op_private = 1;
3679 /* establish postfix order */
3680 rcop->op_next = LINKLIST(repl);
3681 repl->op_next = (OP*)rcop;
3683 pm->op_pmreplrootu.op_pmreplroot = scalar((OP*)rcop);
3684 assert(!(pm->op_pmflags & PMf_ONCE));
3685 pm->op_pmstashstartu.op_pmreplstart = LINKLIST(rcop);
3694 Perl_newSVOP(pTHX_ I32 type, I32 flags, SV *sv)
3699 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_NEWSVOP;
3701 NewOp(1101, svop, 1, SVOP);
3702 svop->op_type = (OPCODE)type;
3703 svop->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[type];
3705 svop->op_next = (OP*)svop;
3706 svop->op_flags = (U8)flags;
3707 if (PL_opargs[type] & OA_RETSCALAR)
3709 if (PL_opargs[type] & OA_TARGET)
3710 svop->op_targ = pad_alloc(type, SVs_PADTMP);
3711 return CHECKOP(type, svop);
3716 Perl_newPADOP(pTHX_ I32 type, I32 flags, SV *sv)
3721 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_NEWPADOP;
3723 NewOp(1101, padop, 1, PADOP);
3724 padop->op_type = (OPCODE)type;
3725 padop->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[type];
3726 padop->op_padix = pad_alloc(type, SVs_PADTMP);
3727 SvREFCNT_dec(PAD_SVl(padop->op_padix));
3728 PAD_SETSV(padop->op_padix, sv);
3731 padop->op_next = (OP*)padop;
3732 padop->op_flags = (U8)flags;
3733 if (PL_opargs[type] & OA_RETSCALAR)
3735 if (PL_opargs[type] & OA_TARGET)
3736 padop->op_targ = pad_alloc(type, SVs_PADTMP);
3737 return CHECKOP(type, padop);
3742 Perl_newGVOP(pTHX_ I32 type, I32 flags, GV *gv)
3746 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_NEWGVOP;
3750 return newPADOP(type, flags, SvREFCNT_inc_simple_NN(gv));
3752 return newSVOP(type, flags, SvREFCNT_inc_simple_NN(gv));
3757 Perl_newPVOP(pTHX_ I32 type, I32 flags, char *pv)
3761 NewOp(1101, pvop, 1, PVOP);
3762 pvop->op_type = (OPCODE)type;
3763 pvop->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[type];
3765 pvop->op_next = (OP*)pvop;
3766 pvop->op_flags = (U8)flags;
3767 if (PL_opargs[type] & OA_RETSCALAR)
3769 if (PL_opargs[type] & OA_TARGET)
3770 pvop->op_targ = pad_alloc(type, SVs_PADTMP);
3771 return CHECKOP(type, pvop);
3779 Perl_package(pTHX_ OP *o)
3782 SV *const sv = cSVOPo->op_sv;
3787 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_PACKAGE;
3789 save_hptr(&PL_curstash);
3790 save_item(PL_curstname);
3792 PL_curstash = gv_stashsv(sv, GV_ADD);
3794 sv_setsv(PL_curstname, sv);
3796 PL_hints |= HINT_BLOCK_SCOPE;
3797 PL_parser->copline = NOLINE;
3798 PL_parser->expect = XSTATE;
3803 if (!PL_madskills) {
3808 pegop = newOP(OP_NULL,0);
3809 op_getmad(o,pegop,'P');
3819 Perl_utilize(pTHX_ int aver, I32 floor, OP *version, OP *idop, OP *arg)
3826 OP *pegop = newOP(OP_NULL,0);
3829 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_UTILIZE;
3831 if (idop->op_type != OP_CONST)
3832 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Module name must be constant");
3835 op_getmad(idop,pegop,'U');
3840 SV * const vesv = ((SVOP*)version)->op_sv;
3843 op_getmad(version,pegop,'V');
3844 if (!arg && !SvNIOKp(vesv)) {
3851 if (version->op_type != OP_CONST || !SvNIOKp(vesv))
3852 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Version number must be constant number");
3854 /* Make copy of idop so we don't free it twice */
3855 pack = newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, newSVsv(((SVOP*)idop)->op_sv));
3857 /* Fake up a method call to VERSION */
3858 meth = newSVpvs_share("VERSION");
3859 veop = convert(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_STACKED|OPf_SPECIAL,
3860 append_elem(OP_LIST,
3861 prepend_elem(OP_LIST, pack, list(version)),
3862 newSVOP(OP_METHOD_NAMED, 0, meth)));
3866 /* Fake up an import/unimport */
3867 if (arg && arg->op_type == OP_STUB) {
3869 op_getmad(arg,pegop,'S');
3870 imop = arg; /* no import on explicit () */
3872 else if (SvNIOKp(((SVOP*)idop)->op_sv)) {
3873 imop = NULL; /* use 5.0; */
3875 idop->op_private |= OPpCONST_NOVER;
3881 op_getmad(arg,pegop,'A');
3883 /* Make copy of idop so we don't free it twice */
3884 pack = newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, newSVsv(((SVOP*)idop)->op_sv));
3886 /* Fake up a method call to import/unimport */
3888 ? newSVpvs_share("import") : newSVpvs_share("unimport");
3889 imop = convert(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_STACKED|OPf_SPECIAL,
3890 append_elem(OP_LIST,
3891 prepend_elem(OP_LIST, pack, list(arg)),
3892 newSVOP(OP_METHOD_NAMED, 0, meth)));
3895 /* Fake up the BEGIN {}, which does its thing immediately. */
3897 newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, newSVpvs_share("BEGIN")),
3900 append_elem(OP_LINESEQ,
3901 append_elem(OP_LINESEQ,
3902 newSTATEOP(0, NULL, newUNOP(OP_REQUIRE, 0, idop)),
3903 newSTATEOP(0, NULL, veop)),
3904 newSTATEOP(0, NULL, imop) ));
3906 /* The "did you use incorrect case?" warning used to be here.
3907 * The problem is that on case-insensitive filesystems one
3908 * might get false positives for "use" (and "require"):
3909 * "use Strict" or "require CARP" will work. This causes
3910 * portability problems for the script: in case-strict
3911 * filesystems the script will stop working.
3913 * The "incorrect case" warning checked whether "use Foo"
3914 * imported "Foo" to your namespace, but that is wrong, too:
3915 * there is no requirement nor promise in the language that
3916 * a Foo.pm should or would contain anything in package "Foo".
3918 * There is very little Configure-wise that can be done, either:
3919 * the case-sensitivity of the build filesystem of Perl does not
3920 * help in guessing the case-sensitivity of the runtime environment.
3923 PL_hints |= HINT_BLOCK_SCOPE;
3924 PL_parser->copline = NOLINE;
3925 PL_parser->expect = XSTATE;
3926 PL_cop_seqmax++; /* Purely for B::*'s benefit */
3929 if (!PL_madskills) {
3930 /* FIXME - don't allocate pegop if !PL_madskills */
3939 =head1 Embedding Functions
3941 =for apidoc load_module
3943 Loads the module whose name is pointed to by the string part of name.
3944 Note that the actual module name, not its filename, should be given.
3945 Eg, "Foo::Bar" instead of "Foo/Bar.pm". flags can be any of
3946 PERL_LOADMOD_DENY, PERL_LOADMOD_NOIMPORT, or PERL_LOADMOD_IMPORT_OPS
3947 (or 0 for no flags). ver, if specified, provides version semantics
3948 similar to C<use Foo::Bar VERSION>. The optional trailing SV*
3949 arguments can be used to specify arguments to the module's import()
3950 method, similar to C<use Foo::Bar VERSION LIST>.
3955 Perl_load_module(pTHX_ U32 flags, SV *name, SV *ver, ...)
3959 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_LOAD_MODULE;
3961 va_start(args, ver);
3962 vload_module(flags, name, ver, &args);
3966 #ifdef PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT
3968 Perl_load_module_nocontext(U32 flags, SV *name, SV *ver, ...)
3972 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_LOAD_MODULE_NOCONTEXT;
3973 va_start(args, ver);
3974 vload_module(flags, name, ver, &args);
3980 Perl_vload_module(pTHX_ U32 flags, SV *name, SV *ver, va_list *args)
3984 OP * const modname = newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, name);
3986 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_VLOAD_MODULE;
3988 modname->op_private |= OPpCONST_BARE;
3990 veop = newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, ver);
3994 if (flags & PERL_LOADMOD_NOIMPORT) {
3995 imop = sawparens(newNULLLIST());
3997 else if (flags & PERL_LOADMOD_IMPORT_OPS) {
3998 imop = va_arg(*args, OP*);
4003 sv = va_arg(*args, SV*);
4005 imop = append_elem(OP_LIST, imop, newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, sv));
4006 sv = va_arg(*args, SV*);
4010 /* utilize() fakes up a BEGIN { require ..; import ... }, so make sure
4011 * that it has a PL_parser to play with while doing that, and also
4012 * that it doesn't mess with any existing parser, by creating a tmp
4013 * new parser with lex_start(). This won't actually be used for much,
4014 * since pp_require() will create another parser for the real work. */
4017 SAVEVPTR(PL_curcop);
4018 lex_start(NULL, NULL, FALSE);
4019 utilize(!(flags & PERL_LOADMOD_DENY), start_subparse(FALSE, 0),
4020 veop, modname, imop);
4025 Perl_dofile(pTHX_ OP *term, I32 force_builtin)
4031 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_DOFILE;
4033 if (!force_builtin) {
4034 gv = gv_fetchpvs("do", GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PVCV);
4035 if (!(gv && GvCVu(gv) && GvIMPORTED_CV(gv))) {
4036 GV * const * const gvp = (GV**)hv_fetchs(PL_globalstash, "do", FALSE);
4037 gv = gvp ? *gvp : NULL;
4041 if (gv && GvCVu(gv) && GvIMPORTED_CV(gv)) {
4042 doop = ck_subr(newUNOP(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_STACKED,
4043 append_elem(OP_LIST, term,
4044 scalar(newUNOP(OP_RV2CV, 0,
4045 newGVOP(OP_GV, 0, gv))))));
4048 doop = newUNOP(OP_DOFILE, 0, scalar(term));
4054 Perl_newSLICEOP(pTHX_ I32 flags, OP *subscript, OP *listval)
4056 return newBINOP(OP_LSLICE, flags,
4057 list(force_list(subscript)),
4058 list(force_list(listval)) );
4062 S_is_list_assignment(pTHX_ register const OP *o)
4070 if ((o->op_type == OP_NULL) && (o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS))
4071 o = cUNOPo->op_first;
4073 flags = o->op_flags;
4075 if (type == OP_COND_EXPR) {
4076 const I32 t = is_list_assignment(cLOGOPo->op_first->op_sibling);
4077 const I32 f = is_list_assignment(cLOGOPo->op_first->op_sibling->op_sibling);
4082 yyerror("Assignment to both a list and a scalar");
4086 if (type == OP_LIST &&
4087 (flags & OPf_WANT) == OPf_WANT_SCALAR &&
4088 o->op_private & OPpLVAL_INTRO)
4091 if (type == OP_LIST || flags & OPf_PARENS ||
4092 type == OP_RV2AV || type == OP_RV2HV ||
4093 type == OP_ASLICE || type == OP_HSLICE)
4096 if (type == OP_PADAV || type == OP_PADHV)
4099 if (type == OP_RV2SV)
4106 Perl_newASSIGNOP(pTHX_ I32 flags, OP *left, I32 optype, OP *right)
4112 if (optype == OP_ANDASSIGN || optype == OP_ORASSIGN || optype == OP_DORASSIGN) {
4113 return newLOGOP(optype, 0,
4114 mod(scalar(left), optype),
4115 newUNOP(OP_SASSIGN, 0, scalar(right)));
4118 return newBINOP(optype, OPf_STACKED,
4119 mod(scalar(left), optype), scalar(right));
4123 if (is_list_assignment(left)) {
4124 static const char no_list_state[] = "Initialization of state variables"
4125 " in list context currently forbidden";
4127 bool maybe_common_vars = TRUE;
4130 /* Grandfathering $[ assignment here. Bletch.*/
4131 /* Only simple assignments like C<< ($[) = 1 >> are allowed */
4132 PL_eval_start = (left->op_type == OP_CONST) ? right : NULL;
4133 left = mod(left, OP_AASSIGN);
4136 else if (left->op_type == OP_CONST) {
4138 /* Result of assignment is always 1 (or we'd be dead already) */
4139 return newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, newSViv(1));
4141 curop = list(force_list(left));
4142 o = newBINOP(OP_AASSIGN, flags, list(force_list(right)), curop);
4143 o->op_private = (U8)(0 | (flags >> 8));
4145 if ((left->op_type == OP_LIST
4146 || (left->op_type == OP_NULL && left->op_targ == OP_LIST)))
4148 OP* lop = ((LISTOP*)left)->op_first;
4149 maybe_common_vars = FALSE;
4151 if (lop->op_type == OP_PADSV ||
4152 lop->op_type == OP_PADAV ||
4153 lop->op_type == OP_PADHV ||
4154 lop->op_type == OP_PADANY) {
4155 if (!(lop->op_private & OPpLVAL_INTRO))
4156 maybe_common_vars = TRUE;
4158 if (lop->op_private & OPpPAD_STATE) {
4159 if (left->op_private & OPpLVAL_INTRO) {
4160 /* Each variable in state($a, $b, $c) = ... */
4163 /* Each state variable in
4164 (state $a, my $b, our $c, $d, undef) = ... */
4166 yyerror(no_list_state);
4168 /* Each my variable in
4169 (state $a, my $b, our $c, $d, undef) = ... */
4171 } else if (lop->op_type == OP_UNDEF ||
4172 lop->op_type == OP_PUSHMARK) {
4173 /* undef may be interesting in
4174 (state $a, undef, state $c) */
4176 /* Other ops in the list. */
4177 maybe_common_vars = TRUE;
4179 lop = lop->op_sibling;
4182 else if ((left->op_private & OPpLVAL_INTRO)
4183 && ( left->op_type == OP_PADSV
4184 || left->op_type == OP_PADAV
4185 || left->op_type == OP_PADHV
4186 || left->op_type == OP_PADANY))
4188 maybe_common_vars = FALSE;
4189 if (left->op_private & OPpPAD_STATE) {
4190 /* All single variable list context state assignments, hence
4200 yyerror(no_list_state);
4204 /* PL_generation sorcery:
4205 * an assignment like ($a,$b) = ($c,$d) is easier than
4206 * ($a,$b) = ($c,$a), since there is no need for temporary vars.
4207 * To detect whether there are common vars, the global var
4208 * PL_generation is incremented for each assign op we compile.
4209 * Then, while compiling the assign op, we run through all the
4210 * variables on both sides of the assignment, setting a spare slot
4211 * in each of them to PL_generation. If any of them already have
4212 * that value, we know we've got commonality. We could use a
4213 * single bit marker, but then we'd have to make 2 passes, first
4214 * to clear the flag, then to test and set it. To find somewhere
4215 * to store these values, evil chicanery is done with SvUVX().
4218 if (maybe_common_vars) {
4221 for (curop = LINKLIST(o); curop != o; curop = LINKLIST(curop)) {
4222 if (PL_opargs[curop->op_type] & OA_DANGEROUS) {
4223 if (curop->op_type == OP_GV) {
4224 GV *gv = cGVOPx_gv(curop);
4226 || (int)GvASSIGN_GENERATION(gv) == PL_generation)
4228 GvASSIGN_GENERATION_set(gv, PL_generation);
4230 else if (curop->op_type == OP_PADSV ||
4231 curop->op_type == OP_PADAV ||
4232 curop->op_type == OP_PADHV ||
4233 curop->op_type == OP_PADANY)
4235 if (PAD_COMPNAME_GEN(curop->op_targ)
4236 == (STRLEN)PL_generation)
4238 PAD_COMPNAME_GEN_set(curop->op_targ, PL_generation);
4241 else if (curop->op_type == OP_RV2CV)
4243 else if (curop->op_type == OP_RV2SV ||
4244 curop->op_type == OP_RV2AV ||
4245 curop->op_type == OP_RV2HV ||
4246 curop->op_type == OP_RV2GV) {
4247 if (lastop->op_type != OP_GV) /* funny deref? */
4250 else if (curop->op_type == OP_PUSHRE) {
4252 if (((PMOP*)curop)->op_pmreplrootu.op_pmtargetoff) {
4253 GV *const gv = (GV*)PAD_SVl(((PMOP*)curop)->op_pmreplrootu.op_pmtargetoff);
4255 || (int)GvASSIGN_GENERATION(gv) == PL_generation)
4257 GvASSIGN_GENERATION_set(gv, PL_generation);
4261 = ((PMOP*)curop)->op_pmreplrootu.op_pmtargetgv;
4264 || (int)GvASSIGN_GENERATION(gv) == PL_generation)
4266 GvASSIGN_GENERATION_set(gv, PL_generation);
4276 o->op_private |= OPpASSIGN_COMMON;
4279 if (right && right->op_type == OP_SPLIT && !PL_madskills) {
4280 OP* tmpop = ((LISTOP*)right)->op_first;
4281 if (tmpop && (tmpop->op_type == OP_PUSHRE)) {
4282 PMOP * const pm = (PMOP*)tmpop;
4283 if (left->op_type == OP_RV2AV &&
4284 !(left->op_private & OPpLVAL_INTRO) &&
4285 !(o->op_private & OPpASSIGN_COMMON) )
4287 tmpop = ((UNOP*)left)->op_first;
4288 if (tmpop->op_type == OP_GV
4290 && !pm->op_pmreplrootu.op_pmtargetoff
4292 && !pm->op_pmreplrootu.op_pmtargetgv
4296 pm->op_pmreplrootu.op_pmtargetoff
4297 = cPADOPx(tmpop)->op_padix;
4298 cPADOPx(tmpop)->op_padix = 0; /* steal it */
4300 pm->op_pmreplrootu.op_pmtargetgv
4301 = (GV*)cSVOPx(tmpop)->op_sv;
4302 cSVOPx(tmpop)->op_sv = NULL; /* steal it */
4304 pm->op_pmflags |= PMf_ONCE;
4305 tmpop = cUNOPo->op_first; /* to list (nulled) */
4306 tmpop = ((UNOP*)tmpop)->op_first; /* to pushmark */
4307 tmpop->op_sibling = NULL; /* don't free split */
4308 right->op_next = tmpop->op_next; /* fix starting loc */
4309 op_free(o); /* blow off assign */
4310 right->op_flags &= ~OPf_WANT;
4311 /* "I don't know and I don't care." */
4316 if (PL_modcount < RETURN_UNLIMITED_NUMBER &&
4317 ((LISTOP*)right)->op_last->op_type == OP_CONST)
4319 SV *sv = ((SVOP*)((LISTOP*)right)->op_last)->op_sv;
4321 sv_setiv(sv, PL_modcount+1);
4329 right = newOP(OP_UNDEF, 0);
4330 if (right->op_type == OP_READLINE) {
4331 right->op_flags |= OPf_STACKED;
4332 return newBINOP(OP_NULL, flags, mod(scalar(left), OP_SASSIGN), scalar(right));
4335 PL_eval_start = right; /* Grandfathering $[ assignment here. Bletch.*/
4336 o = newBINOP(OP_SASSIGN, flags,
4337 scalar(right), mod(scalar(left), OP_SASSIGN) );
4341 if (!PL_madskills) { /* assignment to $[ is ignored when making a mad dump */
4343 o = newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, newSViv(CopARYBASE_get(&PL_compiling)));
4344 o->op_private |= OPpCONST_ARYBASE;
4352 Perl_newSTATEOP(pTHX_ I32 flags, char *label, OP *o)
4355 const U32 seq = intro_my();
4358 NewOp(1101, cop, 1, COP);
4359 if (PERLDB_LINE && CopLINE(PL_curcop) && PL_curstash != PL_debstash) {
4360 cop->op_type = OP_DBSTATE;
4361 cop->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[ OP_DBSTATE ];
4364 cop->op_type = OP_NEXTSTATE;
4365 cop->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[ OP_NEXTSTATE ];
4367 cop->op_flags = (U8)flags;
4368 CopHINTS_set(cop, PL_hints);
4370 cop->op_private |= NATIVE_HINTS;
4372 CopHINTS_set(&PL_compiling, CopHINTS_get(cop));
4373 cop->op_next = (OP*)cop;
4376 /* CopARYBASE is now "virtual", in that it's stored as a flag bit in
4377 CopHINTS and a possible value in cop_hints_hash, so no need to copy it.
4379 cop->cop_warnings = DUP_WARNINGS(PL_curcop->cop_warnings);
4380 cop->cop_hints_hash = PL_curcop->cop_hints_hash;
4381 if (cop->cop_hints_hash) {
4383 cop->cop_hints_hash->refcounted_he_refcnt++;
4384 HINTS_REFCNT_UNLOCK;
4388 = Perl_store_cop_label(aTHX_ cop->cop_hints_hash, label);
4390 PL_hints |= HINT_BLOCK_SCOPE;
4391 /* It seems that we need to defer freeing this pointer, as other parts
4392 of the grammar end up wanting to copy it after this op has been
4397 if (PL_parser && PL_parser->copline == NOLINE)
4398 CopLINE_set(cop, CopLINE(PL_curcop));
4400 CopLINE_set(cop, PL_parser->copline);
4402 PL_parser->copline = NOLINE;
4405 CopFILE_set(cop, CopFILE(PL_curcop)); /* XXX share in a pvtable? */
4407 CopFILEGV_set(cop, CopFILEGV(PL_curcop));
4409 CopSTASH_set(cop, PL_curstash);
4411 if (PERLDB_LINE && PL_curstash != PL_debstash) {
4412 AV *av = CopFILEAVx(PL_curcop);
4414 SV * const * const svp = av_fetch(av, (I32)CopLINE(cop), FALSE);
4415 if (svp && *svp != &PL_sv_undef ) {
4416 (void)SvIOK_on(*svp);
4417 SvIV_set(*svp, PTR2IV(cop));
4422 if (flags & OPf_SPECIAL)
4424 return prepend_elem(OP_LINESEQ, (OP*)cop, o);
4429 Perl_newLOGOP(pTHX_ I32 type, I32 flags, OP *first, OP *other)
4433 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_NEWLOGOP;
4435 return new_logop(type, flags, &first, &other);
4439 S_new_logop(pTHX_ I32 type, I32 flags, OP** firstp, OP** otherp)
4444 OP *first = *firstp;
4445 OP * const other = *otherp;
4447 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_NEW_LOGOP;
4449 if (type == OP_XOR) /* Not short circuit, but here by precedence. */
4450 return newBINOP(type, flags, scalar(first), scalar(other));
4452 scalarboolean(first);
4453 /* optimize "!a && b" to "a || b", and "!a || b" to "a && b" */
4454 if (first->op_type == OP_NOT
4455 && (first->op_flags & OPf_SPECIAL)
4456 && (first->op_flags & OPf_KIDS)
4458 if (type == OP_AND || type == OP_OR) {
4464 first = *firstp = cUNOPo->op_first;
4466 first->op_next = o->op_next;
4467 cUNOPo->op_first = NULL;
4471 if (first->op_type == OP_CONST) {
4472 if (first->op_private & OPpCONST_STRICT)
4473 no_bareword_allowed(first);
4474 else if ((first->op_private & OPpCONST_BARE) && ckWARN(WARN_BAREWORD))
4475 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_BAREWORD), "Bareword found in conditional");
4476 if ((type == OP_AND && SvTRUE(((SVOP*)first)->op_sv)) ||
4477 (type == OP_OR && !SvTRUE(((SVOP*)first)->op_sv)) ||
4478 (type == OP_DOR && !SvOK(((SVOP*)first)->op_sv))) {
4480 if (other->op_type == OP_CONST)
4481 other->op_private |= OPpCONST_SHORTCIRCUIT;
4483 OP *newop = newUNOP(OP_NULL, 0, other);
4484 op_getmad(first, newop, '1');
4485 newop->op_targ = type; /* set "was" field */
4492 /* check for C<my $x if 0>, or C<my($x,$y) if 0> */
4493 const OP *o2 = other;
4494 if ( ! (o2->op_type == OP_LIST
4495 && (( o2 = cUNOPx(o2)->op_first))
4496 && o2->op_type == OP_PUSHMARK
4497 && (( o2 = o2->op_sibling)) )
4500 if ((o2->op_type == OP_PADSV || o2->op_type == OP_PADAV
4501 || o2->op_type == OP_PADHV)
4502 && o2->op_private & OPpLVAL_INTRO
4503 && !(o2->op_private & OPpPAD_STATE)
4504 && ckWARN(WARN_DEPRECATED))
4506 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEPRECATED),
4507 "Deprecated use of my() in false conditional");
4511 if (first->op_type == OP_CONST)
4512 first->op_private |= OPpCONST_SHORTCIRCUIT;
4514 first = newUNOP(OP_NULL, 0, first);
4515 op_getmad(other, first, '2');
4516 first->op_targ = type; /* set "was" field */
4523 else if ((first->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) && type != OP_DOR
4524 && ckWARN(WARN_MISC)) /* [#24076] Don't warn for <FH> err FOO. */
4526 const OP * const k1 = ((UNOP*)first)->op_first;
4527 const OP * const k2 = k1->op_sibling;
4529 switch (first->op_type)
4532 if (k2 && k2->op_type == OP_READLINE
4533 && (k2->op_flags & OPf_STACKED)
4534 && ((k1->op_flags & OPf_WANT) == OPf_WANT_SCALAR))
4536 warnop = k2->op_type;
4541 if (k1->op_type == OP_READDIR
4542 || k1->op_type == OP_GLOB
4543 || (k1->op_type == OP_NULL && k1->op_targ == OP_GLOB)
4544 || k1->op_type == OP_EACH)
4546 warnop = ((k1->op_type == OP_NULL)
4547 ? (OPCODE)k1->op_targ : k1->op_type);
4552 const line_t oldline = CopLINE(PL_curcop);
4553 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, PL_parser->copline);
4554 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_MISC),
4555 "Value of %s%s can be \"0\"; test with defined()",
4557 ((warnop == OP_READLINE || warnop == OP_GLOB)
4558 ? " construct" : "() operator"));
4559 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
4566 if (type == OP_ANDASSIGN || type == OP_ORASSIGN || type == OP_DORASSIGN)
4567 other->op_private |= OPpASSIGN_BACKWARDS; /* other is an OP_SASSIGN */
4569 NewOp(1101, logop, 1, LOGOP);
4571 logop->op_type = (OPCODE)type;
4572 logop->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[type];
4573 logop->op_first = first;
4574 logop->op_flags = (U8)(flags | OPf_KIDS);
4575 logop->op_other = LINKLIST(other);
4576 logop->op_private = (U8)(1 | (flags >> 8));
4578 /* establish postfix order */
4579 logop->op_next = LINKLIST(first);
4580 first->op_next = (OP*)logop;
4581 first->op_sibling = other;
4583 CHECKOP(type,logop);
4585 o = newUNOP(OP_NULL, 0, (OP*)logop);
4592 Perl_newCONDOP(pTHX_ I32 flags, OP *first, OP *trueop, OP *falseop)
4599 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_NEWCONDOP;
4602 return newLOGOP(OP_AND, 0, first, trueop);
4604 return newLOGOP(OP_OR, 0, first, falseop);
4606 scalarboolean(first);
4607 if (first->op_type == OP_CONST) {
4608 /* Left or right arm of the conditional? */
4609 const bool left = SvTRUE(((SVOP*)first)->op_sv);
4610 OP *live = left ? trueop : falseop;
4611 OP *const dead = left ? falseop : trueop;
4612 if (first->op_private & OPpCONST_BARE &&
4613 first->op_private & OPpCONST_STRICT) {
4614 no_bareword_allowed(first);
4617 /* This is all dead code when PERL_MAD is not defined. */
4618 live = newUNOP(OP_NULL, 0, live);
4619 op_getmad(first, live, 'C');
4620 op_getmad(dead, live, left ? 'e' : 't');
4627 NewOp(1101, logop, 1, LOGOP);
4628 logop->op_type = OP_COND_EXPR;
4629 logop->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_COND_EXPR];
4630 logop->op_first = first;
4631 logop->op_flags = (U8)(flags | OPf_KIDS);
4632 logop->op_private = (U8)(1 | (flags >> 8));
4633 logop->op_other = LINKLIST(trueop);
4634 logop->op_next = LINKLIST(falseop);
4636 CHECKOP(OP_COND_EXPR, /* that's logop->op_type */
4639 /* establish postfix order */
4640 start = LINKLIST(first);
4641 first->op_next = (OP*)logop;
4643 first->op_sibling = trueop;
4644 trueop->op_sibling = falseop;
4645 o = newUNOP(OP_NULL, 0, (OP*)logop);
4647 trueop->op_next = falseop->op_next = o;
4654 Perl_newRANGE(pTHX_ I32 flags, OP *left, OP *right)
4663 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_NEWRANGE;
4665 NewOp(1101, range, 1, LOGOP);
4667 range->op_type = OP_RANGE;
4668 range->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_RANGE];
4669 range->op_first = left;
4670 range->op_flags = OPf_KIDS;
4671 leftstart = LINKLIST(left);
4672 range->op_other = LINKLIST(right);
4673 range->op_private = (U8)(1 | (flags >> 8));
4675 left->op_sibling = right;
4677 range->op_next = (OP*)range;
4678 flip = newUNOP(OP_FLIP, flags, (OP*)range);
4679 flop = newUNOP(OP_FLOP, 0, flip);
4680 o = newUNOP(OP_NULL, 0, flop);
4682 range->op_next = leftstart;
4684 left->op_next = flip;
4685 right->op_next = flop;
4687 range->op_targ = pad_alloc(OP_RANGE, SVs_PADMY);
4688 sv_upgrade(PAD_SV(range->op_targ), SVt_PVNV);
4689 flip->op_targ = pad_alloc(OP_RANGE, SVs_PADMY);
4690 sv_upgrade(PAD_SV(flip->op_targ), SVt_PVNV);
4692 flip->op_private = left->op_type == OP_CONST ? OPpFLIP_LINENUM : 0;
4693 flop->op_private = right->op_type == OP_CONST ? OPpFLIP_LINENUM : 0;
4696 if (!flip->op_private || !flop->op_private)
4697 linklist(o); /* blow off optimizer unless constant */
4703 Perl_newLOOPOP(pTHX_ I32 flags, I32 debuggable, OP *expr, OP *block)
4708 const bool once = block && block->op_flags & OPf_SPECIAL &&
4709 (block->op_type == OP_ENTERSUB || block->op_type == OP_NULL);
4711 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(debuggable);
4714 if (once && expr->op_type == OP_CONST && !SvTRUE(((SVOP*)expr)->op_sv))
4715 return block; /* do {} while 0 does once */
4716 if (expr->op_type == OP_READLINE || expr->op_type == OP_GLOB
4717 || (expr->op_type == OP_NULL && expr->op_targ == OP_GLOB)) {
4718 expr = newUNOP(OP_DEFINED, 0,
4719 newASSIGNOP(0, newDEFSVOP(), 0, expr) );
4720 } else if (expr->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) {
4721 const OP * const k1 = ((UNOP*)expr)->op_first;
4722 const OP * const k2 = k1 ? k1->op_sibling : NULL;
4723 switch (expr->op_type) {
4725 if (k2 && k2->op_type == OP_READLINE
4726 && (k2->op_flags & OPf_STACKED)
4727 && ((k1->op_flags & OPf_WANT) == OPf_WANT_SCALAR))
4728 expr = newUNOP(OP_DEFINED, 0, expr);
4732 if (k1 && (k1->op_type == OP_READDIR
4733 || k1->op_type == OP_GLOB
4734 || (k1->op_type == OP_NULL && k1->op_targ == OP_GLOB)
4735 || k1->op_type == OP_EACH))
4736 expr = newUNOP(OP_DEFINED, 0, expr);
4742 /* if block is null, the next append_elem() would put UNSTACK, a scalar
4743 * op, in listop. This is wrong. [perl #27024] */
4745 block = newOP(OP_NULL, 0);
4746 listop = append_elem(OP_LINESEQ, block, newOP(OP_UNSTACK, 0));
4747 o = new_logop(OP_AND, 0, &expr, &listop);
4750 ((LISTOP*)listop)->op_last->op_next = LINKLIST(o);
4752 if (once && o != listop)
4753 o->op_next = ((LOGOP*)cUNOPo->op_first)->op_other;
4756 o = newUNOP(OP_NULL, 0, o); /* or do {} while 1 loses outer block */
4758 o->op_flags |= flags;
4760 o->op_flags |= OPf_SPECIAL; /* suppress POPBLOCK curpm restoration*/
4765 Perl_newWHILEOP(pTHX_ I32 flags, I32 debuggable, LOOP *loop, I32
4766 whileline, OP *expr, OP *block, OP *cont, I32 has_my)
4775 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(debuggable);
4778 if (expr->op_type == OP_READLINE || expr->op_type == OP_GLOB
4779 || (expr->op_type == OP_NULL && expr->op_targ == OP_GLOB)) {
4780 expr = newUNOP(OP_DEFINED, 0,
4781 newASSIGNOP(0, newDEFSVOP(), 0, expr) );
4782 } else if (expr->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) {
4783 const OP * const k1 = ((UNOP*)expr)->op_first;
4784 const OP * const k2 = (k1) ? k1->op_sibling : NULL;
4785 switch (expr->op_type) {
4787 if (k2 && k2->op_type == OP_READLINE
4788 && (k2->op_flags & OPf_STACKED)
4789 && ((k1->op_flags & OPf_WANT) == OPf_WANT_SCALAR))
4790 expr = newUNOP(OP_DEFINED, 0, expr);
4794 if (k1 && (k1->op_type == OP_READDIR
4795 || k1->op_type == OP_GLOB
4796 || (k1->op_type == OP_NULL && k1->op_targ == OP_GLOB)
4797 || k1->op_type == OP_EACH))
4798 expr = newUNOP(OP_DEFINED, 0, expr);
4805 block = newOP(OP_NULL, 0);
4806 else if (cont || has_my) {
4807 block = scope(block);
4811 next = LINKLIST(cont);
4814 OP * const unstack = newOP(OP_UNSTACK, 0);
4817 cont = append_elem(OP_LINESEQ, cont, unstack);
4821 listop = append_list(OP_LINESEQ, (LISTOP*)block, (LISTOP*)cont);
4823 redo = LINKLIST(listop);
4826 PL_parser->copline = (line_t)whileline;
4828 o = new_logop(OP_AND, 0, &expr, &listop);
4829 if (o == expr && o->op_type == OP_CONST && !SvTRUE(cSVOPo->op_sv)) {
4830 op_free(expr); /* oops, it's a while (0) */
4832 return NULL; /* listop already freed by new_logop */
4835 ((LISTOP*)listop)->op_last->op_next =
4836 (o == listop ? redo : LINKLIST(o));
4842 NewOp(1101,loop,1,LOOP);
4843 loop->op_type = OP_ENTERLOOP;
4844 loop->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_ENTERLOOP];
4845 loop->op_private = 0;
4846 loop->op_next = (OP*)loop;
4849 o = newBINOP(OP_LEAVELOOP, 0, (OP*)loop, o);
4851 loop->op_redoop = redo;
4852 loop->op_lastop = o;
4853 o->op_private |= loopflags;
4856 loop->op_nextop = next;
4858 loop->op_nextop = o;
4860 o->op_flags |= flags;
4861 o->op_private |= (flags >> 8);
4866 Perl_newFOROP(pTHX_ I32 flags, char *label, line_t forline, OP *sv, OP *expr, OP *block, OP *cont)
4871 PADOFFSET padoff = 0;
4876 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_NEWFOROP;
4879 if (sv->op_type == OP_RV2SV) { /* symbol table variable */
4880 iterpflags = sv->op_private & OPpOUR_INTRO; /* for our $x () */
4881 sv->op_type = OP_RV2GV;
4882 sv->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_RV2GV];
4884 /* The op_type check is needed to prevent a possible segfault
4885 * if the loop variable is undeclared and 'strict vars' is in
4886 * effect. This is illegal but is nonetheless parsed, so we
4887 * may reach this point with an OP_CONST where we're expecting
4890 if (cUNOPx(sv)->op_first->op_type == OP_GV
4891 && cGVOPx_gv(cUNOPx(sv)->op_first) == PL_defgv)
4892 iterpflags |= OPpITER_DEF;
4894 else if (sv->op_type == OP_PADSV) { /* private variable */
4895 iterpflags = sv->op_private & OPpLVAL_INTRO; /* for my $x () */
4896 padoff = sv->op_targ;
4906 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't use %s for loop variable", PL_op_desc[sv->op_type]);
4908 SV *const namesv = PAD_COMPNAME_SV(padoff);
4910 const char *const name = SvPV_const(namesv, len);
4912 if (len == 2 && name[0] == '$' && name[1] == '_')
4913 iterpflags |= OPpITER_DEF;
4917 const PADOFFSET offset = pad_findmy("$_");
4918 if (offset == NOT_IN_PAD || PAD_COMPNAME_FLAGS_isOUR(offset)) {
4919 sv = newGVOP(OP_GV, 0, PL_defgv);
4924 iterpflags |= OPpITER_DEF;
4926 if (expr->op_type == OP_RV2AV || expr->op_type == OP_PADAV) {
4927 expr = mod(force_list(scalar(ref(expr, OP_ITER))), OP_GREPSTART);
4928 iterflags |= OPf_STACKED;
4930 else if (expr->op_type == OP_NULL &&
4931 (expr->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) &&
4932 ((BINOP*)expr)->op_first->op_type == OP_FLOP)
4934 /* Basically turn for($x..$y) into the same as for($x,$y), but we
4935 * set the STACKED flag to indicate that these values are to be
4936 * treated as min/max values by 'pp_iterinit'.
4938 const UNOP* const flip = (UNOP*)((UNOP*)((BINOP*)expr)->op_first)->op_first;
4939 LOGOP* const range = (LOGOP*) flip->op_first;
4940 OP* const left = range->op_first;
4941 OP* const right = left->op_sibling;
4944 range->op_flags &= ~OPf_KIDS;
4945 range->op_first = NULL;
4947 listop = (LISTOP*)newLISTOP(OP_LIST, 0, left, right);
4948 listop->op_first->op_next = range->op_next;
4949 left->op_next = range->op_other;
4950 right->op_next = (OP*)listop;
4951 listop->op_next = listop->op_first;
4954 op_getmad(expr,(OP*)listop,'O');
4958 expr = (OP*)(listop);
4960 iterflags |= OPf_STACKED;
4963 expr = mod(force_list(expr), OP_GREPSTART);
4966 loop = (LOOP*)list(convert(OP_ENTERITER, iterflags,
4967 append_elem(OP_LIST, expr, scalar(sv))));
4968 assert(!loop->op_next);
4969 /* for my $x () sets OPpLVAL_INTRO;
4970 * for our $x () sets OPpOUR_INTRO */
4971 loop->op_private = (U8)iterpflags;
4972 #ifdef PL_OP_SLAB_ALLOC
4975 NewOp(1234,tmp,1,LOOP);
4976 Copy(loop,tmp,1,LISTOP);
4977 S_op_destroy(aTHX_ (OP*)loop);
4981 loop = (LOOP*)PerlMemShared_realloc(loop, sizeof(LOOP));
4983 loop->op_targ = padoff;
4984 wop = newWHILEOP(flags, 1, loop, forline, newOP(OP_ITER, 0), block, cont, 0);
4986 op_getmad(madsv, (OP*)loop, 'v');
4987 PL_parser->copline = forline;
4988 return newSTATEOP(0, label, wop);
4992 Perl_newLOOPEX(pTHX_ I32 type, OP *label)
4997 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_NEWLOOPEX;
4999 if (type != OP_GOTO || label->op_type == OP_CONST) {
5000 /* "last()" means "last" */
5001 if (label->op_type == OP_STUB && (label->op_flags & OPf_PARENS))
5002 o = newOP(type, OPf_SPECIAL);
5004 o = newPVOP(type, 0, savesharedpv(label->op_type == OP_CONST
5005 ? SvPV_nolen_const(((SVOP*)label)->op_sv)
5009 op_getmad(label,o,'L');
5015 /* Check whether it's going to be a goto &function */
5016 if (label->op_type == OP_ENTERSUB
5017 && !(label->op_flags & OPf_STACKED))
5018 label = newUNOP(OP_REFGEN, 0, mod(label, OP_REFGEN));
5019 o = newUNOP(type, OPf_STACKED, label);
5021 PL_hints |= HINT_BLOCK_SCOPE;
5025 /* if the condition is a literal array or hash
5026 (or @{ ... } etc), make a reference to it.
5029 S_ref_array_or_hash(pTHX_ OP *cond)
5032 && (cond->op_type == OP_RV2AV
5033 || cond->op_type == OP_PADAV
5034 || cond->op_type == OP_RV2HV
5035 || cond->op_type == OP_PADHV))
5037 return newUNOP(OP_REFGEN,
5038 0, mod(cond, OP_REFGEN));
5044 /* These construct the optree fragments representing given()
5047 entergiven and enterwhen are LOGOPs; the op_other pointer
5048 points up to the associated leave op. We need this so we
5049 can put it in the context and make break/continue work.
5050 (Also, of course, pp_enterwhen will jump straight to
5051 op_other if the match fails.)
5055 S_newGIVWHENOP(pTHX_ OP *cond, OP *block,
5056 I32 enter_opcode, I32 leave_opcode,
5057 PADOFFSET entertarg)
5063 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_NEWGIVWHENOP;
5065 NewOp(1101, enterop, 1, LOGOP);
5066 enterop->op_type = (Optype)enter_opcode;
5067 enterop->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[enter_opcode];
5068 enterop->op_flags = (U8) OPf_KIDS;
5069 enterop->op_targ = ((entertarg == NOT_IN_PAD) ? 0 : entertarg);
5070 enterop->op_private = 0;
5072 o = newUNOP(leave_opcode, 0, (OP *) enterop);
5075 enterop->op_first = scalar(cond);
5076 cond->op_sibling = block;
5078 o->op_next = LINKLIST(cond);
5079 cond->op_next = (OP *) enterop;
5082 /* This is a default {} block */
5083 enterop->op_first = block;
5084 enterop->op_flags |= OPf_SPECIAL;
5086 o->op_next = (OP *) enterop;
5089 CHECKOP(enter_opcode, enterop); /* Currently does nothing, since
5090 entergiven and enterwhen both
5093 enterop->op_next = LINKLIST(block);
5094 block->op_next = enterop->op_other = o;
5099 /* Does this look like a boolean operation? For these purposes
5100 a boolean operation is:
5101 - a subroutine call [*]
5102 - a logical connective
5103 - a comparison operator
5104 - a filetest operator, with the exception of -s -M -A -C
5105 - defined(), exists() or eof()
5106 - /$re/ or $foo =~ /$re/
5108 [*] possibly surprising
5111 S_looks_like_bool(pTHX_ const OP *o)
5115 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_LOOKS_LIKE_BOOL;
5117 switch(o->op_type) {
5119 return looks_like_bool(cLOGOPo->op_first);
5123 looks_like_bool(cLOGOPo->op_first)
5124 && looks_like_bool(cLOGOPo->op_first->op_sibling));
5128 o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS
5129 && looks_like_bool(cUNOPo->op_first));
5133 case OP_NOT: case OP_XOR:
5134 /* Note that OP_DOR is not here */
5136 case OP_EQ: case OP_NE: case OP_LT:
5137 case OP_GT: case OP_LE: case OP_GE:
5139 case OP_I_EQ: case OP_I_NE: case OP_I_LT:
5140 case OP_I_GT: case OP_I_LE: case OP_I_GE:
5142 case OP_SEQ: case OP_SNE: case OP_SLT:
5143 case OP_SGT: case OP_SLE: case OP_SGE:
5147 case OP_FTRREAD: case OP_FTRWRITE: case OP_FTREXEC:
5148 case OP_FTEREAD: case OP_FTEWRITE: case OP_FTEEXEC:
5149 case OP_FTIS: case OP_FTEOWNED: case OP_FTROWNED:
5150 case OP_FTZERO: case OP_FTSOCK: case OP_FTCHR:
5151 case OP_FTBLK: case OP_FTFILE: case OP_FTDIR:
5152 case OP_FTPIPE: case OP_FTLINK: case OP_FTSUID:
5153 case OP_FTSGID: case OP_FTSVTX: case OP_FTTTY:
5154 case OP_FTTEXT: case OP_FTBINARY:
5156 case OP_DEFINED: case OP_EXISTS:
5157 case OP_MATCH: case OP_EOF:
5162 /* Detect comparisons that have been optimized away */
5163 if (cSVOPo->op_sv == &PL_sv_yes
5164 || cSVOPo->op_sv == &PL_sv_no)
5175 Perl_newGIVENOP(pTHX_ OP *cond, OP *block, PADOFFSET defsv_off)
5178 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_NEWGIVENOP;
5179 return newGIVWHENOP(
5180 ref_array_or_hash(cond),
5182 OP_ENTERGIVEN, OP_LEAVEGIVEN,
5186 /* If cond is null, this is a default {} block */
5188 Perl_newWHENOP(pTHX_ OP *cond, OP *block)
5190 const bool cond_llb = (!cond || looks_like_bool(cond));
5193 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_NEWWHENOP;
5198 cond_op = newBINOP(OP_SMARTMATCH, OPf_SPECIAL,
5200 scalar(ref_array_or_hash(cond)));
5203 return newGIVWHENOP(
5205 append_elem(block->op_type, block, newOP(OP_BREAK, OPf_SPECIAL)),
5206 OP_ENTERWHEN, OP_LEAVEWHEN, 0);
5210 =for apidoc cv_undef
5212 Clear out all the active components of a CV. This can happen either
5213 by an explicit C<undef &foo>, or by the reference count going to zero.
5214 In the former case, we keep the CvOUTSIDE pointer, so that any anonymous
5215 children can still follow the full lexical scope chain.
5221 Perl_cv_undef(pTHX_ CV *cv)
5225 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CV_UNDEF;
5227 DEBUG_X(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
5228 "CV undef: cv=0x%"UVxf" comppad=0x%"UVxf"\n",
5229 PTR2UV(cv), PTR2UV(PL_comppad))
5233 if (CvFILE(cv) && !CvISXSUB(cv)) {
5234 /* for XSUBs CvFILE point directly to static memory; __FILE__ */
5235 Safefree(CvFILE(cv));
5240 if (!CvISXSUB(cv) && CvROOT(cv)) {
5241 if (SvTYPE(cv) == SVt_PVCV && CvDEPTH(cv))
5242 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't undef active subroutine");
5245 PAD_SAVE_SETNULLPAD();
5247 op_free(CvROOT(cv));
5252 SvPOK_off((SV*)cv); /* forget prototype */
5257 /* remove CvOUTSIDE unless this is an undef rather than a free */
5258 if (!SvREFCNT(cv) && CvOUTSIDE(cv)) {
5259 if (!CvWEAKOUTSIDE(cv))
5260 SvREFCNT_dec(CvOUTSIDE(cv));
5261 CvOUTSIDE(cv) = NULL;
5264 SvREFCNT_dec((SV*)CvXSUBANY(cv).any_ptr);
5267 if (CvISXSUB(cv) && CvXSUB(cv)) {
5270 /* delete all flags except WEAKOUTSIDE */
5271 CvFLAGS(cv) &= CVf_WEAKOUTSIDE;
5275 Perl_cv_ckproto_len(pTHX_ const CV *cv, const GV *gv, const char *p,
5278 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CV_CKPROTO_LEN;
5280 /* Can't just use a strcmp on the prototype, as CONSTSUBs "cheat" by
5281 relying on SvCUR, and doubling up the buffer to hold CvFILE(). */
5282 if (((!p != !SvPOK(cv)) /* One has prototype, one has not. */
5283 || (p && (len != SvCUR(cv) /* Not the same length. */
5284 || memNE(p, SvPVX_const(cv), len))))
5285 && ckWARN_d(WARN_PROTOTYPE)) {
5286 SV* const msg = sv_newmortal();
5290 gv_efullname3(name = sv_newmortal(), gv, NULL);
5291 sv_setpvs(msg, "Prototype mismatch:");
5293 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ msg, " sub %"SVf, SVfARG(name));
5295 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ msg, " (%"SVf")", SVfARG(cv));
5297 sv_catpvs(msg, ": none");
5298 sv_catpvs(msg, " vs ");
5300 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ msg, "(%.*s)", (int) len, p);
5302 sv_catpvs(msg, "none");
5303 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_PROTOTYPE), "%"SVf, SVfARG(msg));
5307 static void const_sv_xsub(pTHX_ CV* cv);
5311 =head1 Optree Manipulation Functions
5313 =for apidoc cv_const_sv
5315 If C<cv> is a constant sub eligible for inlining. returns the constant
5316 value returned by the sub. Otherwise, returns NULL.
5318 Constant subs can be created with C<newCONSTSUB> or as described in
5319 L<perlsub/"Constant Functions">.
5324 Perl_cv_const_sv(pTHX_ CV *cv)
5326 PERL_UNUSED_CONTEXT;
5329 if (!(SvTYPE(cv) == SVt_PVCV || SvTYPE(cv) == SVt_PVFM))
5331 return CvCONST(cv) ? (SV*)CvXSUBANY(cv).any_ptr : NULL;
5334 /* op_const_sv: examine an optree to determine whether it's in-lineable.
5335 * Can be called in 3 ways:
5338 * look for a single OP_CONST with attached value: return the value
5340 * cv && CvCLONE(cv) && !CvCONST(cv)
5342 * examine the clone prototype, and if contains only a single
5343 * OP_CONST referencing a pad const, or a single PADSV referencing
5344 * an outer lexical, return a non-zero value to indicate the CV is
5345 * a candidate for "constizing" at clone time
5349 * We have just cloned an anon prototype that was marked as a const
5350 * candidiate. Try to grab the current value, and in the case of
5351 * PADSV, ignore it if it has multiple references. Return the value.
5355 Perl_op_const_sv(pTHX_ const OP *o, CV *cv)
5366 if (o->op_type == OP_LINESEQ && cLISTOPo->op_first)
5367 o = cLISTOPo->op_first->op_sibling;
5369 for (; o; o = o->op_next) {
5370 const OPCODE type = o->op_type;
5372 if (sv && o->op_next == o)
5374 if (o->op_next != o) {
5375 if (type == OP_NEXTSTATE || type == OP_NULL || type == OP_PUSHMARK)
5377 if (type == OP_DBSTATE)
5380 if (type == OP_LEAVESUB || type == OP_RETURN)
5384 if (type == OP_CONST && cSVOPo->op_sv)
5386 else if (cv && type == OP_CONST) {
5387 sv = PAD_BASE_SV(CvPADLIST(cv), o->op_targ);
5391 else if (cv && type == OP_PADSV) {
5392 if (CvCONST(cv)) { /* newly cloned anon */
5393 sv = PAD_BASE_SV(CvPADLIST(cv), o->op_targ);
5394 /* the candidate should have 1 ref from this pad and 1 ref
5395 * from the parent */
5396 if (!sv || SvREFCNT(sv) != 2)
5403 if (PAD_COMPNAME_FLAGS(o->op_targ) & SVf_FAKE)
5404 sv = &PL_sv_undef; /* an arbitrary non-null value */
5419 Perl_newMYSUB(pTHX_ I32 floor, OP *o, OP *proto, OP *attrs, OP *block)
5422 /* This would be the return value, but the return cannot be reached. */
5423 OP* pegop = newOP(OP_NULL, 0);
5426 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(floor);
5436 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "\"my sub\" not yet implemented");
5438 NORETURN_FUNCTION_END;
5443 Perl_newSUB(pTHX_ I32 floor, OP *o, OP *proto, OP *block)
5445 return Perl_newATTRSUB(aTHX_ floor, o, proto, NULL, block);
5449 Perl_newATTRSUB(pTHX_ I32 floor, OP *o, OP *proto, OP *attrs, OP *block)
5456 register CV *cv = NULL;
5458 /* If the subroutine has no body, no attributes, and no builtin attributes
5459 then it's just a sub declaration, and we may be able to get away with
5460 storing with a placeholder scalar in the symbol table, rather than a
5461 full GV and CV. If anything is present then it will take a full CV to
5463 const I32 gv_fetch_flags
5464 = (block || attrs || (CvFLAGS(PL_compcv) & CVf_BUILTIN_ATTRS)
5466 ? GV_ADDMULTI : GV_ADDMULTI | GV_NOINIT;
5467 const char * const name = o ? SvPV_nolen_const(cSVOPo->op_sv) : NULL;
5470 assert(proto->op_type == OP_CONST);
5471 ps = SvPV_const(((SVOP*)proto)->op_sv, ps_len);
5476 if (!name && PERLDB_NAMEANON && CopLINE(PL_curcop)) {
5477 SV * const sv = sv_newmortal();
5478 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ sv, "%s[%s:%"IVdf"]",
5479 PL_curstash ? "__ANON__" : "__ANON__::__ANON__",
5480 CopFILE(PL_curcop), (IV)CopLINE(PL_curcop));
5481 aname = SvPVX_const(sv);
5486 gv = name ? gv_fetchsv(cSVOPo->op_sv, gv_fetch_flags, SVt_PVCV)
5487 : gv_fetchpv(aname ? aname
5488 : (PL_curstash ? "__ANON__" : "__ANON__::__ANON__"),
5489 gv_fetch_flags, SVt_PVCV);
5491 if (!PL_madskills) {
5500 if (SvTYPE(gv) != SVt_PVGV) { /* Maybe prototype now, and had at
5501 maximum a prototype before. */
5502 if (SvTYPE(gv) > SVt_NULL) {
5503 if (!SvPOK((SV*)gv) && !(SvIOK((SV*)gv) && SvIVX((SV*)gv) == -1)
5504 && ckWARN_d(WARN_PROTOTYPE))
5506 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_PROTOTYPE), "Runaway prototype");
5508 cv_ckproto_len((CV*)gv, NULL, ps, ps_len);
5511 sv_setpvn((SV*)gv, ps, ps_len);
5513 sv_setiv((SV*)gv, -1);
5515 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compcv);
5516 cv = PL_compcv = NULL;
5520 cv = (!name || GvCVGEN(gv)) ? NULL : GvCV(gv);
5522 #ifdef GV_UNIQUE_CHECK
5523 if (cv && GvUNIQUE(gv) && SvREADONLY(cv)) {
5524 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't define subroutine %s (GV is unique)", name);
5528 if (!block || !ps || *ps || attrs
5529 || (CvFLAGS(PL_compcv) & CVf_BUILTIN_ATTRS)
5531 || block->op_type == OP_NULL
5536 const_sv = op_const_sv(block, NULL);
5539 const bool exists = CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv);
5541 #ifdef GV_UNIQUE_CHECK
5542 if (exists && GvUNIQUE(gv)) {
5543 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't redefine unique subroutine %s", name);
5547 /* if the subroutine doesn't exist and wasn't pre-declared
5548 * with a prototype, assume it will be AUTOLOADed,
5549 * skipping the prototype check
5551 if (exists || SvPOK(cv))
5552 cv_ckproto_len(cv, gv, ps, ps_len);
5553 /* already defined (or promised)? */
5554 if (exists || GvASSUMECV(gv)) {
5557 || block->op_type == OP_NULL
5560 if (CvFLAGS(PL_compcv)) {
5561 /* might have had built-in attrs applied */
5562 CvFLAGS(cv) |= (CvFLAGS(PL_compcv) & CVf_BUILTIN_ATTRS);
5564 /* just a "sub foo;" when &foo is already defined */
5565 SAVEFREESV(PL_compcv);
5570 && block->op_type != OP_NULL
5573 if (ckWARN(WARN_REDEFINE)
5575 && (!const_sv || sv_cmp(cv_const_sv(cv), const_sv))))
5577 const line_t oldline = CopLINE(PL_curcop);
5578 if (PL_parser && PL_parser->copline != NOLINE)
5579 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, PL_parser->copline);
5580 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_REDEFINE),
5581 CvCONST(cv) ? "Constant subroutine %s redefined"
5582 : "Subroutine %s redefined", name);
5583 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
5586 if (!PL_minus_c) /* keep old one around for madskills */
5589 /* (PL_madskills unset in used file.) */
5597 SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void_NN(const_sv);
5599 assert(!CvROOT(cv) && !CvCONST(cv));
5600 sv_setpvn((SV*)cv, "", 0); /* prototype is "" */
5601 CvXSUBANY(cv).any_ptr = const_sv;
5602 CvXSUB(cv) = const_sv_xsub;
5608 cv = newCONSTSUB(NULL, name, const_sv);
5610 mro_method_changed_in( /* sub Foo::Bar () { 123 } */
5611 (CvGV(cv) && GvSTASH(CvGV(cv)))
5620 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compcv);
5628 /* Need to do a C<use attributes $stash_of_cv,\&cv,@attrs>
5629 * before we clobber PL_compcv.
5633 || block->op_type == OP_NULL
5637 /* Might have had built-in attributes applied -- propagate them. */
5638 CvFLAGS(cv) |= (CvFLAGS(PL_compcv) & CVf_BUILTIN_ATTRS);
5639 if (CvGV(cv) && GvSTASH(CvGV(cv)))
5640 stash = GvSTASH(CvGV(cv));
5641 else if (CvSTASH(cv))
5642 stash = CvSTASH(cv);
5644 stash = PL_curstash;
5647 /* possibly about to re-define existing subr -- ignore old cv */
5648 rcv = (SV*)PL_compcv;
5649 if (name && GvSTASH(gv))
5650 stash = GvSTASH(gv);
5652 stash = PL_curstash;
5654 apply_attrs(stash, rcv, attrs, FALSE);
5656 if (cv) { /* must reuse cv if autoloaded */
5663 || block->op_type == OP_NULL) && !PL_madskills
5666 /* got here with just attrs -- work done, so bug out */
5667 SAVEFREESV(PL_compcv);
5670 /* transfer PL_compcv to cv */
5672 CvFLAGS(cv) = CvFLAGS(PL_compcv);
5673 if (!CvWEAKOUTSIDE(cv))
5674 SvREFCNT_dec(CvOUTSIDE(cv));
5675 CvOUTSIDE(cv) = CvOUTSIDE(PL_compcv);
5676 CvOUTSIDE_SEQ(cv) = CvOUTSIDE_SEQ(PL_compcv);
5677 CvOUTSIDE(PL_compcv) = 0;
5678 CvPADLIST(cv) = CvPADLIST(PL_compcv);
5679 CvPADLIST(PL_compcv) = 0;
5680 /* inner references to PL_compcv must be fixed up ... */
5681 pad_fixup_inner_anons(CvPADLIST(cv), PL_compcv, cv);
5682 /* ... before we throw it away */
5683 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compcv);
5685 if (PERLDB_INTER)/* Advice debugger on the new sub. */
5686 ++PL_sub_generation;
5693 if (strEQ(name, "import")) {
5694 PL_formfeed = (SV*)cv;
5695 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_VOID), "%lx\n", (long)cv);
5699 mro_method_changed_in(GvSTASH(gv)); /* sub Foo::bar { (shift)+1 } */
5703 CvFILE_set_from_cop(cv, PL_curcop);
5704 CvSTASH(cv) = PL_curstash;
5707 sv_setpvn((SV*)cv, ps, ps_len);
5709 if (PL_parser && PL_parser->error_count) {
5713 const char *s = strrchr(name, ':');
5715 if (strEQ(s, "BEGIN")) {
5716 const char not_safe[] =
5717 "BEGIN not safe after errors--compilation aborted";
5718 if (PL_in_eval & EVAL_KEEPERR)
5719 Perl_croak(aTHX_ not_safe);
5721 /* force display of errors found but not reported */
5722 sv_catpv(ERRSV, not_safe);
5723 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%"SVf, SVfARG(ERRSV));
5733 CvROOT(cv) = newUNOP(OP_LEAVESUBLV, 0,
5734 mod(scalarseq(block), OP_LEAVESUBLV));
5735 block->op_attached = 1;
5738 /* This makes sub {}; work as expected. */
5739 if (block->op_type == OP_STUB) {
5740 OP* const newblock = newSTATEOP(0, NULL, 0);
5742 op_getmad(block,newblock,'B');
5749 block->op_attached = 1;
5750 CvROOT(cv) = newUNOP(OP_LEAVESUB, 0, scalarseq(block));
5752 CvROOT(cv)->op_private |= OPpREFCOUNTED;
5753 OpREFCNT_set(CvROOT(cv), 1);
5754 CvSTART(cv) = LINKLIST(CvROOT(cv));
5755 CvROOT(cv)->op_next = 0;
5756 CALL_PEEP(CvSTART(cv));
5758 /* now that optimizer has done its work, adjust pad values */
5760 pad_tidy(CvCLONE(cv) ? padtidy_SUBCLONE : padtidy_SUB);
5763 assert(!CvCONST(cv));
5764 if (ps && !*ps && op_const_sv(block, cv))
5768 if (name || aname) {
5769 if (PERLDB_SUBLINE && PL_curstash != PL_debstash) {
5770 SV * const sv = newSV(0);
5771 SV * const tmpstr = sv_newmortal();
5772 GV * const db_postponed = gv_fetchpvs("DB::postponed",
5773 GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV);
5776 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ sv, "%s:%ld-%ld",
5778 (long)PL_subline, (long)CopLINE(PL_curcop));
5779 gv_efullname3(tmpstr, gv, NULL);
5780 (void)hv_store(GvHV(PL_DBsub), SvPVX_const(tmpstr),
5781 SvCUR(tmpstr), sv, 0);
5782 hv = GvHVn(db_postponed);
5783 if (HvFILL(hv) > 0 && hv_exists(hv, SvPVX_const(tmpstr), SvCUR(tmpstr))) {
5784 CV * const pcv = GvCV(db_postponed);
5790 call_sv((SV*)pcv, G_DISCARD);
5795 if (name && ! (PL_parser && PL_parser->error_count))
5796 process_special_blocks(name, gv, cv);
5801 PL_parser->copline = NOLINE;
5807 S_process_special_blocks(pTHX_ const char *const fullname, GV *const gv,
5810 const char *const colon = strrchr(fullname,':');
5811 const char *const name = colon ? colon + 1 : fullname;
5813 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_PROCESS_SPECIAL_BLOCKS;
5816 if (strEQ(name, "BEGIN")) {
5817 const I32 oldscope = PL_scopestack_ix;
5819 SAVECOPFILE(&PL_compiling);
5820 SAVECOPLINE(&PL_compiling);
5822 DEBUG_x( dump_sub(gv) );
5823 Perl_av_create_and_push(aTHX_ &PL_beginav, (SV*)cv);
5824 GvCV(gv) = 0; /* cv has been hijacked */
5825 call_list(oldscope, PL_beginav);
5827 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
5828 CopHINTS_set(&PL_compiling, PL_hints);
5835 if strEQ(name, "END") {
5836 DEBUG_x( dump_sub(gv) );
5837 Perl_av_create_and_unshift_one(aTHX_ &PL_endav, (SV*)cv);
5840 } else if (*name == 'U') {
5841 if (strEQ(name, "UNITCHECK")) {
5842 /* It's never too late to run a unitcheck block */
5843 Perl_av_create_and_unshift_one(aTHX_ &PL_unitcheckav, (SV*)cv);
5847 } else if (*name == 'C') {
5848 if (strEQ(name, "CHECK")) {
5849 if (PL_main_start && ckWARN(WARN_VOID))
5850 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_VOID),
5851 "Too late to run CHECK block");
5852 Perl_av_create_and_unshift_one(aTHX_ &PL_checkav, (SV*)cv);
5856 } else if (*name == 'I') {
5857 if (strEQ(name, "INIT")) {
5858 if (PL_main_start && ckWARN(WARN_VOID))
5859 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_VOID),
5860 "Too late to run INIT block");
5861 Perl_av_create_and_push(aTHX_ &PL_initav, (SV*)cv);
5867 DEBUG_x( dump_sub(gv) );
5868 GvCV(gv) = 0; /* cv has been hijacked */
5873 =for apidoc newCONSTSUB
5875 Creates a constant sub equivalent to Perl C<sub FOO () { 123 }> which is
5876 eligible for inlining at compile-time.
5882 Perl_newCONSTSUB(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, SV *sv)
5887 const char *const temp_p = CopFILE(PL_curcop);
5888 const STRLEN len = temp_p ? strlen(temp_p) : 0;
5890 SV *const temp_sv = CopFILESV(PL_curcop);
5892 const char *const temp_p = temp_sv ? SvPV_const(temp_sv, len) : NULL;
5894 char *const file = savepvn(temp_p, temp_p ? len : 0);
5898 if (IN_PERL_RUNTIME) {
5899 /* at runtime, it's not safe to manipulate PL_curcop: it may be
5900 * an op shared between threads. Use a non-shared COP for our
5902 SAVEVPTR(PL_curcop);
5903 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
5905 SAVECOPLINE(PL_curcop);
5906 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, PL_parser ? PL_parser->copline : NOLINE);
5909 PL_hints &= ~HINT_BLOCK_SCOPE;
5912 SAVESPTR(PL_curstash);
5913 SAVECOPSTASH(PL_curcop);
5914 PL_curstash = stash;
5915 CopSTASH_set(PL_curcop,stash);
5918 /* file becomes the CvFILE. For an XS, it's supposed to be static storage,
5919 and so doesn't get free()d. (It's expected to be from the C pre-
5920 processor __FILE__ directive). But we need a dynamically allocated one,
5921 and we need it to get freed. */
5922 cv = newXS_flags(name, const_sv_xsub, file, "", XS_DYNAMIC_FILENAME);
5923 CvXSUBANY(cv).any_ptr = sv;
5929 CopSTASH_free(PL_curcop);
5937 Perl_newXS_flags(pTHX_ const char *name, XSUBADDR_t subaddr,
5938 const char *const filename, const char *const proto,
5941 CV *cv = newXS(name, subaddr, filename);
5943 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_NEWXS_FLAGS;
5945 if (flags & XS_DYNAMIC_FILENAME) {
5946 /* We need to "make arrangements" (ie cheat) to ensure that the
5947 filename lasts as long as the PVCV we just created, but also doesn't
5949 STRLEN filename_len = strlen(filename);
5950 STRLEN proto_and_file_len = filename_len;
5951 char *proto_and_file;
5955 proto_len = strlen(proto);
5956 proto_and_file_len += proto_len;
5958 Newx(proto_and_file, proto_and_file_len + 1, char);
5959 Copy(proto, proto_and_file, proto_len, char);
5960 Copy(filename, proto_and_file + proto_len, filename_len + 1, char);
5963 proto_and_file = savepvn(filename, filename_len);
5966 /* This gets free()d. :-) */
5967 sv_usepvn_flags((SV*)cv, proto_and_file, proto_and_file_len,
5968 SV_HAS_TRAILING_NUL);
5970 /* This gives us the correct prototype, rather than one with the
5971 file name appended. */
5972 SvCUR_set(cv, proto_len);
5976 CvFILE(cv) = proto_and_file + proto_len;
5978 sv_setpv((SV *)cv, proto);
5984 =for apidoc U||newXS
5986 Used by C<xsubpp> to hook up XSUBs as Perl subs. I<filename> needs to be
5987 static storage, as it is used directly as CvFILE(), without a copy being made.
5993 Perl_newXS(pTHX_ const char *name, XSUBADDR_t subaddr, const char *filename)
5996 GV * const gv = gv_fetchpv(name ? name :
5997 (PL_curstash ? "__ANON__" : "__ANON__::__ANON__"),
5998 GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVCV);
6001 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_NEWXS;
6004 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: no address for '%s' in '%s'", name, filename);
6006 if ((cv = (name ? GvCV(gv) : NULL))) {
6008 /* just a cached method */
6012 else if (CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv) || GvASSUMECV(gv)) {
6013 /* already defined (or promised) */
6014 /* XXX It's possible for this HvNAME_get to return null, and get passed into strEQ */
6015 if (ckWARN(WARN_REDEFINE)) {
6016 GV * const gvcv = CvGV(cv);
6018 HV * const stash = GvSTASH(gvcv);
6020 const char *redefined_name = HvNAME_get(stash);
6021 if ( strEQ(redefined_name,"autouse") ) {
6022 const line_t oldline = CopLINE(PL_curcop);
6023 if (PL_parser && PL_parser->copline != NOLINE)
6024 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, PL_parser->copline);
6025 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_REDEFINE),
6026 CvCONST(cv) ? "Constant subroutine %s redefined"
6027 : "Subroutine %s redefined"
6029 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
6039 if (cv) /* must reuse cv if autoloaded */
6042 cv = (CV*)newSV_type(SVt_PVCV);
6046 mro_method_changed_in(GvSTASH(gv)); /* newXS */
6050 (void)gv_fetchfile(filename);
6051 CvFILE(cv) = (char *)filename; /* NOTE: not copied, as it is expected to be
6052 an external constant string */
6054 CvXSUB(cv) = subaddr;
6057 process_special_blocks(name, gv, cv);
6069 Perl_newFORM(pTHX_ I32 floor, OP *o, OP *block)
6074 OP* pegop = newOP(OP_NULL, 0);
6078 ? gv_fetchsv(cSVOPo->op_sv, GV_ADD, SVt_PVFM)
6079 : gv_fetchpvs("STDOUT", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PVFM);
6081 #ifdef GV_UNIQUE_CHECK
6083 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for form (GV is unique)");
6087 if ((cv = GvFORM(gv))) {
6088 if (ckWARN(WARN_REDEFINE)) {
6089 const line_t oldline = CopLINE(PL_curcop);
6090 if (PL_parser && PL_parser->copline != NOLINE)
6091 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, PL_parser->copline);
6092 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_REDEFINE),
6093 o ? "Format %"SVf" redefined"
6094 : "Format STDOUT redefined", SVfARG(cSVOPo->op_sv));
6095 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
6102 CvFILE_set_from_cop(cv, PL_curcop);
6105 pad_tidy(padtidy_FORMAT);
6106 CvROOT(cv) = newUNOP(OP_LEAVEWRITE, 0, scalarseq(block));
6107 CvROOT(cv)->op_private |= OPpREFCOUNTED;
6108 OpREFCNT_set(CvROOT(cv), 1);
6109 CvSTART(cv) = LINKLIST(CvROOT(cv));
6110 CvROOT(cv)->op_next = 0;
6111 CALL_PEEP(CvSTART(cv));
6113 op_getmad(o,pegop,'n');
6114 op_getmad_weak(block, pegop, 'b');
6119 PL_parser->copline = NOLINE;
6127 Perl_newANONLIST(pTHX_ OP *o)
6129 return convert(OP_ANONLIST, OPf_SPECIAL, o);
6133 Perl_newANONHASH(pTHX_ OP *o)
6135 return convert(OP_ANONHASH, OPf_SPECIAL, o);
6139 Perl_newANONSUB(pTHX_ I32 floor, OP *proto, OP *block)
6141 return newANONATTRSUB(floor, proto, NULL, block);
6145 Perl_newANONATTRSUB(pTHX_ I32 floor, OP *proto, OP *attrs, OP *block)
6147 return newUNOP(OP_REFGEN, 0,
6148 newSVOP(OP_ANONCODE, 0,
6149 (SV*)newATTRSUB(floor, 0, proto, attrs, block)));
6153 Perl_oopsAV(pTHX_ OP *o)
6157 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_OOPSAV;
6159 switch (o->op_type) {
6161 o->op_type = OP_PADAV;
6162 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_PADAV];
6163 return ref(o, OP_RV2AV);
6166 o->op_type = OP_RV2AV;
6167 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_RV2AV];
6172 if (ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL))
6173 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL), "oops: oopsAV");
6180 Perl_oopsHV(pTHX_ OP *o)
6184 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_OOPSHV;
6186 switch (o->op_type) {
6189 o->op_type = OP_PADHV;
6190 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_PADHV];
6191 return ref(o, OP_RV2HV);
6195 o->op_type = OP_RV2HV;
6196 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_RV2HV];
6201 if (ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL))
6202 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL), "oops: oopsHV");
6209 Perl_newAVREF(pTHX_ OP *o)
6213 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_NEWAVREF;
6215 if (o->op_type == OP_PADANY) {
6216 o->op_type = OP_PADAV;
6217 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_PADAV];
6220 else if ((o->op_type == OP_RV2AV || o->op_type == OP_PADAV)
6221 && ckWARN(WARN_DEPRECATED)) {
6222 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEPRECATED),
6223 "Using an array as a reference is deprecated");
6225 return newUNOP(OP_RV2AV, 0, scalar(o));
6229 Perl_newGVREF(pTHX_ I32 type, OP *o)
6231 if (type == OP_MAPSTART || type == OP_GREPSTART || type == OP_SORT)
6232 return newUNOP(OP_NULL, 0, o);
6233 return ref(newUNOP(OP_RV2GV, OPf_REF, o), type);
6237 Perl_newHVREF(pTHX_ OP *o)
6241 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_NEWHVREF;
6243 if (o->op_type == OP_PADANY) {
6244 o->op_type = OP_PADHV;
6245 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_PADHV];
6248 else if ((o->op_type == OP_RV2HV || o->op_type == OP_PADHV)
6249 && ckWARN(WARN_DEPRECATED)) {
6250 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEPRECATED),
6251 "Using a hash as a reference is deprecated");
6253 return newUNOP(OP_RV2HV, 0, scalar(o));
6257 Perl_newCVREF(pTHX_ I32 flags, OP *o)
6259 return newUNOP(OP_RV2CV, flags, scalar(o));
6263 Perl_newSVREF(pTHX_ OP *o)
6267 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_NEWSVREF;
6269 if (o->op_type == OP_PADANY) {
6270 o->op_type = OP_PADSV;
6271 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_PADSV];
6274 return newUNOP(OP_RV2SV, 0, scalar(o));
6277 /* Check routines. See the comments at the top of this file for details
6278 * on when these are called */
6281 Perl_ck_anoncode(pTHX_ OP *o)
6283 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CK_ANONCODE;
6285 cSVOPo->op_targ = pad_add_anon(cSVOPo->op_sv, o->op_type);
6287 cSVOPo->op_sv = NULL;
6292 Perl_ck_bitop(pTHX_ OP *o)
6296 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CK_BITOP;
6298 #define OP_IS_NUMCOMPARE(op) \
6299 ((op) == OP_LT || (op) == OP_I_LT || \
6300 (op) == OP_GT || (op) == OP_I_GT || \
6301 (op) == OP_LE || (op) == OP_I_LE || \
6302 (op) == OP_GE || (op) == OP_I_GE || \
6303 (op) == OP_EQ || (op) == OP_I_EQ || \
6304 (op) == OP_NE || (op) == OP_I_NE || \
6305 (op) == OP_NCMP || (op) == OP_I_NCMP)
6306 o->op_private = (U8)(PL_hints & HINT_INTEGER);
6307 if (!(o->op_flags & OPf_STACKED) /* Not an assignment */
6308 && (o->op_type == OP_BIT_OR
6309 || o->op_type == OP_BIT_AND
6310 || o->op_type == OP_BIT_XOR))
6312 const OP * const left = cBINOPo->op_first;
6313 const OP * const right = left->op_sibling;
6314 if ((OP_IS_NUMCOMPARE(left->op_type) &&
6315 (left->op_flags & OPf_PARENS) == 0) ||
6316 (OP_IS_NUMCOMPARE(right->op_type) &&
6317 (right->op_flags & OPf_PARENS) == 0))
6318 if (ckWARN(WARN_PRECEDENCE))
6319 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_PRECEDENCE),
6320 "Possible precedence problem on bitwise %c operator",
6321 o->op_type == OP_BIT_OR ? '|'
6322 : o->op_type == OP_BIT_AND ? '&' : '^'
6329 Perl_ck_concat(pTHX_ OP *o)
6331 const OP * const kid = cUNOPo->op_first;
6333 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CK_CONCAT;
6334 PERL_UNUSED_CONTEXT;
6336 if (kid->op_type == OP_CONCAT && !(kid->op_private & OPpTARGET_MY) &&
6337 !(kUNOP->op_first->op_flags & OPf_MOD))
6338 o->op_flags |= OPf_STACKED;
6343 Perl_ck_spair(pTHX_ OP *o)
6347 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CK_SPAIR;
6349 if (o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) {
6352 const OPCODE type = o->op_type;
6353 o = modkids(ck_fun(o), type);
6354 kid = cUNOPo->op_first;
6355 newop = kUNOP->op_first->op_sibling;
6357 const OPCODE type = newop->op_type;
6358 if (newop->op_sibling || !(PL_opargs[type] & OA_RETSCALAR) ||
6359 type == OP_PADAV || type == OP_PADHV ||
6360 type == OP_RV2AV || type == OP_RV2HV)
6364 op_getmad(kUNOP->op_first,newop,'K');
6366 op_free(kUNOP->op_first);
6368 kUNOP->op_first = newop;
6370 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[++o->op_type];
6375 Perl_ck_delete(pTHX_ OP *o)
6377 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CK_DELETE;
6381 if (o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) {
6382 OP * const kid = cUNOPo->op_first;
6383 switch (kid->op_type) {
6385 o->op_flags |= OPf_SPECIAL;
6388 o->op_private |= OPpSLICE;
6391 o->op_flags |= OPf_SPECIAL;
6396 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element or slice",
6405 Perl_ck_die(pTHX_ OP *o)
6407 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CK_DIE;
6410 if (VMSISH_HUSHED) o->op_private |= OPpHUSH_VMSISH;
6416 Perl_ck_eof(pTHX_ OP *o)
6420 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CK_EOF;
6422 if (o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) {
6423 if (cLISTOPo->op_first->op_type == OP_STUB) {
6425 = newUNOP(o->op_type, OPf_SPECIAL, newGVOP(OP_GV, 0, PL_argvgv));
6427 op_getmad(o,newop,'O');
6439 Perl_ck_eval(pTHX_ OP *o)
6443 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CK_EVAL;
6445 PL_hints |= HINT_BLOCK_SCOPE;
6446 if (o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) {
6447 SVOP * const kid = (SVOP*)cUNOPo->op_first;
6450 o->op_flags &= ~OPf_KIDS;
6453 else if (kid->op_type == OP_LINESEQ || kid->op_type == OP_STUB) {
6459 cUNOPo->op_first = 0;
6464 NewOp(1101, enter, 1, LOGOP);
6465 enter->op_type = OP_ENTERTRY;
6466 enter->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_ENTERTRY];
6467 enter->op_private = 0;
6469 /* establish postfix order */
6470 enter->op_next = (OP*)enter;
6472 o = prepend_elem(OP_LINESEQ, (OP*)enter, (OP*)kid);
6473 o->op_type = OP_LEAVETRY;
6474 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_LEAVETRY];
6475 enter->op_other = o;
6476 op_getmad(oldo,o,'O');
6490 o = newUNOP(OP_ENTEREVAL, 0, newDEFSVOP());
6491 op_getmad(oldo,o,'O');
6493 o->op_targ = (PADOFFSET)PL_hints;
6494 if ((PL_hints & HINT_LOCALIZE_HH) != 0 && GvHV(PL_hintgv)) {
6495 /* Store a copy of %^H that pp_entereval can pick up. */
6496 OP *hhop = newSVOP(OP_HINTSEVAL, 0,
6497 (SV*)Perl_hv_copy_hints_hv(aTHX_ GvHV(PL_hintgv)));
6498 cUNOPo->op_first->op_sibling = hhop;
6499 o->op_private |= OPpEVAL_HAS_HH;
6505 Perl_ck_exit(pTHX_ OP *o)
6507 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CK_EXIT;
6510 HV * const table = GvHV(PL_hintgv);
6512 SV * const * const svp = hv_fetchs(table, "vmsish_exit", FALSE);
6513 if (svp && *svp && SvTRUE(*svp))
6514 o->op_private |= OPpEXIT_VMSISH;
6516 if (VMSISH_HUSHED) o->op_private |= OPpHUSH_VMSISH;
6522 Perl_ck_exec(pTHX_ OP *o)
6524 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CK_EXEC;
6526 if (o->op_flags & OPf_STACKED) {
6529 kid = cUNOPo->op_first->op_sibling;
6530 if (kid->op_type == OP_RV2GV)
6539 Perl_ck_exists(pTHX_ OP *o)
6543 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CK_EXISTS;
6546 if (o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) {
6547 OP * const kid = cUNOPo->op_first;
6548 if (kid->op_type == OP_ENTERSUB) {
6549 (void) ref(kid, o->op_type);
6550 if (kid->op_type != OP_RV2CV
6551 && !(PL_parser && PL_parser->error_count))
6552 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s argument is not a subroutine name",
6554 o->op_private |= OPpEXISTS_SUB;
6556 else if (kid->op_type == OP_AELEM)
6557 o->op_flags |= OPf_SPECIAL;
6558 else if (kid->op_type != OP_HELEM)
6559 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element or a subroutine",
6567 Perl_ck_rvconst(pTHX_ register OP *o)
6570 SVOP * const kid = (SVOP*)cUNOPo->op_first;
6572 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CK_RVCONST;
6574 o->op_private |= (PL_hints & HINT_STRICT_REFS);
6575 if (o->op_type == OP_RV2CV)
6576 o->op_private &= ~1;
6578 if (kid->op_type == OP_CONST) {
6581 SV * const kidsv = kid->op_sv;
6583 /* Is it a constant from cv_const_sv()? */
6584 if (SvROK(kidsv) && SvREADONLY(kidsv)) {
6585 SV * const rsv = SvRV(kidsv);
6586 const svtype type = SvTYPE(rsv);
6587 const char *badtype = NULL;
6589 switch (o->op_type) {
6591 if (type > SVt_PVMG)
6592 badtype = "a SCALAR";
6595 if (type != SVt_PVAV)
6596 badtype = "an ARRAY";
6599 if (type != SVt_PVHV)
6603 if (type != SVt_PVCV)
6608 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Constant is not %s reference", badtype);
6611 else if ((o->op_type == OP_RV2HV || o->op_type == OP_RV2SV) &&
6612 (PL_hints & HINT_STRICT_REFS) && SvPOK(kidsv)) {
6613 /* If this is an access to a stash, disable "strict refs", because
6614 * stashes aren't auto-vivified at compile-time (unless we store
6615 * symbols in them), and we don't want to produce a run-time
6616 * stricture error when auto-vivifying the stash. */
6617 const char *s = SvPV_nolen(kidsv);
6618 const STRLEN l = SvCUR(kidsv);
6619 if (l > 1 && s[l-1] == ':' && s[l-2] == ':')
6620 o->op_private &= ~HINT_STRICT_REFS;
6622 if ((o->op_private & HINT_STRICT_REFS) && (kid->op_private & OPpCONST_BARE)) {
6623 const char *badthing;
6624 switch (o->op_type) {
6626 badthing = "a SCALAR";
6629 badthing = "an ARRAY";
6632 badthing = "a HASH";
6640 "Can't use bareword (\"%"SVf"\") as %s ref while \"strict refs\" in use",
6641 SVfARG(kidsv), badthing);
6644 * This is a little tricky. We only want to add the symbol if we
6645 * didn't add it in the lexer. Otherwise we get duplicate strict
6646 * warnings. But if we didn't add it in the lexer, we must at
6647 * least pretend like we wanted to add it even if it existed before,
6648 * or we get possible typo warnings. OPpCONST_ENTERED says
6649 * whether the lexer already added THIS instance of this symbol.
6651 iscv = (o->op_type == OP_RV2CV) * 2;
6653 gv = gv_fetchsv(kidsv,
6654 iscv | !(kid->op_private & OPpCONST_ENTERED),
6657 : o->op_type == OP_RV2SV
6659 : o->op_type == OP_RV2AV
6661 : o->op_type == OP_RV2HV
6664 } while (!gv && !(kid->op_private & OPpCONST_ENTERED) && !iscv++);
6666 kid->op_type = OP_GV;
6667 SvREFCNT_dec(kid->op_sv);
6669 /* XXX hack: dependence on sizeof(PADOP) <= sizeof(SVOP) */
6670 kPADOP->op_padix = pad_alloc(OP_GV, SVs_PADTMP);
6671 SvREFCNT_dec(PAD_SVl(kPADOP->op_padix));
6673 PAD_SETSV(kPADOP->op_padix, (SV*) SvREFCNT_inc_simple_NN(gv));
6675 kid->op_sv = SvREFCNT_inc_simple_NN(gv);
6677 kid->op_private = 0;
6678 kid->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_GV];
6685 Perl_ck_ftst(pTHX_ OP *o)
6688 const I32 type = o->op_type;
6690 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CK_FTST;
6692 if (o->op_flags & OPf_REF) {
6695 else if (o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS && cUNOPo->op_first->op_type != OP_STUB) {
6696 SVOP * const kid = (SVOP*)cUNOPo->op_first;
6697 const OPCODE kidtype = kid->op_type;
6699 if (kidtype == OP_CONST && (kid->op_private & OPpCONST_BARE)) {
6700 OP * const newop = newGVOP(type, OPf_REF,
6701 gv_fetchsv(kid->op_sv, GV_ADD, SVt_PVIO));
6703 op_getmad(o,newop,'O');
6709 if ((PL_hints & HINT_FILETEST_ACCESS) && OP_IS_FILETEST_ACCESS(o->op_type))
6710 o->op_private |= OPpFT_ACCESS;
6711 if (PL_check[kidtype] == MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_ck_ftst)
6712 && kidtype != OP_STAT && kidtype != OP_LSTAT)
6713 o->op_private |= OPpFT_STACKED;
6721 if (type == OP_FTTTY)
6722 o = newGVOP(type, OPf_REF, PL_stdingv);
6724 o = newUNOP(type, 0, newDEFSVOP());
6725 op_getmad(oldo,o,'O');
6731 Perl_ck_fun(pTHX_ OP *o)
6734 const int type = o->op_type;
6735 register I32 oa = PL_opargs[type] >> OASHIFT;
6737 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CK_FUN;
6739 if (o->op_flags & OPf_STACKED) {
6740 if ((oa & OA_OPTIONAL) && (oa >> 4) && !((oa >> 4) & OA_OPTIONAL))
6743 return no_fh_allowed(o);
6746 if (o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) {
6747 OP **tokid = &cLISTOPo->op_first;
6748 register OP *kid = cLISTOPo->op_first;
6752 if (kid->op_type == OP_PUSHMARK ||
6753 (kid->op_type == OP_NULL && kid->op_targ == OP_PUSHMARK))
6755 tokid = &kid->op_sibling;
6756 kid = kid->op_sibling;
6758 if (!kid && PL_opargs[type] & OA_DEFGV)
6759 *tokid = kid = newDEFSVOP();
6763 sibl = kid->op_sibling;
6765 if (!sibl && kid->op_type == OP_STUB) {
6772 /* list seen where single (scalar) arg expected? */
6773 if (numargs == 1 && !(oa >> 4)
6774 && kid->op_type == OP_LIST && type != OP_SCALAR)
6776 return too_many_arguments(o,PL_op_desc[type]);
6789 if ((type == OP_PUSH || type == OP_UNSHIFT)
6790 && !kid->op_sibling && ckWARN(WARN_SYNTAX))
6791 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_SYNTAX),
6792 "Useless use of %s with no values",
6795 if (kid->op_type == OP_CONST &&
6796 (kid->op_private & OPpCONST_BARE))
6798 OP * const newop = newAVREF(newGVOP(OP_GV, 0,
6799 gv_fetchsv(((SVOP*)kid)->op_sv, GV_ADD, SVt_PVAV) ));
6800 if (ckWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX))
6801 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX),
6802 "Array @%"SVf" missing the @ in argument %"IVdf" of %s()",
6803 SVfARG(((SVOP*)kid)->op_sv), (IV)numargs, PL_op_desc[type]);
6805 op_getmad(kid,newop,'K');
6810 kid->op_sibling = sibl;
6813 else if (kid->op_type != OP_RV2AV && kid->op_type != OP_PADAV)
6814 bad_type(numargs, "array", PL_op_desc[type], kid);
6818 if (kid->op_type == OP_CONST &&
6819 (kid->op_private & OPpCONST_BARE))
6821 OP * const newop = newHVREF(newGVOP(OP_GV, 0,
6822 gv_fetchsv(((SVOP*)kid)->op_sv, GV_ADD, SVt_PVHV) ));
6823 if (ckWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX))
6824 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX),
6825 "Hash %%%"SVf" missing the %% in argument %"IVdf" of %s()",
6826 SVfARG(((SVOP*)kid)->op_sv), (IV)numargs, PL_op_desc[type]);
6828 op_getmad(kid,newop,'K');
6833 kid->op_sibling = sibl;
6836 else if (kid->op_type != OP_RV2HV && kid->op_type != OP_PADHV)
6837 bad_type(numargs, "hash", PL_op_desc[type], kid);
6842 OP * const newop = newUNOP(OP_NULL, 0, kid);
6843 kid->op_sibling = 0;
6845 newop->op_next = newop;
6847 kid->op_sibling = sibl;
6852 if (kid->op_type != OP_GV && kid->op_type != OP_RV2GV) {
6853 if (kid->op_type == OP_CONST &&
6854 (kid->op_private & OPpCONST_BARE))
6856 OP * const newop = newGVOP(OP_GV, 0,
6857 gv_fetchsv(((SVOP*)kid)->op_sv, GV_ADD, SVt_PVIO));
6858 if (!(o->op_private & 1) && /* if not unop */
6859 kid == cLISTOPo->op_last)
6860 cLISTOPo->op_last = newop;
6862 op_getmad(kid,newop,'K');
6868 else if (kid->op_type == OP_READLINE) {
6869 /* neophyte patrol: open(<FH>), close(<FH>) etc. */
6870 bad_type(numargs, "HANDLE", OP_DESC(o), kid);
6873 I32 flags = OPf_SPECIAL;
6877 /* is this op a FH constructor? */
6878 if (is_handle_constructor(o,numargs)) {
6879 const char *name = NULL;
6883 /* Set a flag to tell rv2gv to vivify
6884 * need to "prove" flag does not mean something
6885 * else already - NI-S 1999/05/07
6888 if (kid->op_type == OP_PADSV) {
6890 = PAD_COMPNAME_SV(kid->op_targ);
6891 name = SvPV_const(namesv, len);
6893 else if (kid->op_type == OP_RV2SV
6894 && kUNOP->op_first->op_type == OP_GV)
6896 GV * const gv = cGVOPx_gv(kUNOP->op_first);
6898 len = GvNAMELEN(gv);
6900 else if (kid->op_type == OP_AELEM
6901 || kid->op_type == OP_HELEM)
6904 OP *op = ((BINOP*)kid)->op_first;
6908 const char * const a =
6909 kid->op_type == OP_AELEM ?
6911 if (((op->op_type == OP_RV2AV) ||
6912 (op->op_type == OP_RV2HV)) &&
6913 (firstop = ((UNOP*)op)->op_first) &&
6914 (firstop->op_type == OP_GV)) {
6915 /* packagevar $a[] or $h{} */
6916 GV * const gv = cGVOPx_gv(firstop);
6924 else if (op->op_type == OP_PADAV
6925 || op->op_type == OP_PADHV) {
6926 /* lexicalvar $a[] or $h{} */
6927 const char * const padname =
6928 PAD_COMPNAME_PV(op->op_targ);
6937 name = SvPV_const(tmpstr, len);
6942 name = "__ANONIO__";
6949 targ = pad_alloc(OP_RV2GV, SVs_PADTMP);
6950 namesv = PAD_SVl(targ);
6951 SvUPGRADE(namesv, SVt_PV);
6953 sv_setpvn(namesv, "$", 1);
6954 sv_catpvn(namesv, name, len);
6957 kid->op_sibling = 0;
6958 kid = newUNOP(OP_RV2GV, flags, scalar(kid));
6959 kid->op_targ = targ;
6960 kid->op_private |= priv;
6962 kid->op_sibling = sibl;
6968 mod(scalar(kid), type);
6972 tokid = &kid->op_sibling;
6973 kid = kid->op_sibling;
6976 if (kid && kid->op_type != OP_STUB)
6977 return too_many_arguments(o,OP_DESC(o));
6978 o->op_private |= numargs;
6980 /* FIXME - should the numargs move as for the PERL_MAD case? */
6981 o->op_private |= numargs;
6983 return too_many_arguments(o,OP_DESC(o));
6987 else if (PL_opargs[type] & OA_DEFGV) {
6989 OP *newop = newUNOP(type, 0, newDEFSVOP());
6990 op_getmad(o,newop,'O');
6993 /* Ordering of these two is important to keep f_map.t passing. */
6995 return newUNOP(type, 0, newDEFSVOP());
7000 while (oa & OA_OPTIONAL)
7002 if (oa && oa != OA_LIST)
7003 return too_few_arguments(o,OP_DESC(o));
7009 Perl_ck_glob(pTHX_ OP *o)
7014 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CK_GLOB;
7017 if ((o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) && !cLISTOPo->op_first->op_sibling)
7018 append_elem(OP_GLOB, o, newDEFSVOP());
7020 if (!((gv = gv_fetchpvs("glob", GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PVCV))
7021 && GvCVu(gv) && GvIMPORTED_CV(gv)))
7023 gv = gv_fetchpvs("CORE::GLOBAL::glob", 0, SVt_PVCV);
7026 #if !defined(PERL_EXTERNAL_GLOB)
7027 /* XXX this can be tightened up and made more failsafe. */
7028 if (!(gv && GvCVu(gv) && GvIMPORTED_CV(gv))) {
7031 Perl_load_module(aTHX_ PERL_LOADMOD_NOIMPORT,
7032 newSVpvs("File::Glob"), NULL, NULL, NULL);
7033 gv = gv_fetchpvs("CORE::GLOBAL::glob", 0, SVt_PVCV);
7034 glob_gv = gv_fetchpvs("File::Glob::csh_glob", 0, SVt_PVCV);
7035 GvCV(gv) = GvCV(glob_gv);
7036 SvREFCNT_inc_void((SV*)GvCV(gv));
7037 GvIMPORTED_CV_on(gv);
7040 #endif /* PERL_EXTERNAL_GLOB */
7042 if (gv && GvCVu(gv) && GvIMPORTED_CV(gv)) {
7043 append_elem(OP_GLOB, o,
7044 newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, newSViv(PL_glob_index++)));
7045 o->op_type = OP_LIST;
7046 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_LIST];
7047 cLISTOPo->op_first->op_type = OP_PUSHMARK;
7048 cLISTOPo->op_first->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_PUSHMARK];
7049 cLISTOPo->op_first->op_targ = 0;
7050 o = newUNOP(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_STACKED,
7051 append_elem(OP_LIST, o,
7052 scalar(newUNOP(OP_RV2CV, 0,
7053 newGVOP(OP_GV, 0, gv)))));
7054 o = newUNOP(OP_NULL, 0, ck_subr(o));
7055 o->op_targ = OP_GLOB; /* hint at what it used to be */
7058 gv = newGVgen("main");
7060 append_elem(OP_GLOB, o, newGVOP(OP_GV, 0, gv));
7066 Perl_ck_grep(pTHX_ OP *o)
7071 const OPCODE type = o->op_type == OP_GREPSTART ? OP_GREPWHILE : OP_MAPWHILE;
7074 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CK_GREP;
7076 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_GREPSTART];
7077 /* don't allocate gwop here, as we may leak it if PL_parser->error_count > 0 */
7079 if (o->op_flags & OPf_STACKED) {
7082 kid = cLISTOPo->op_first->op_sibling;
7083 if (!cUNOPx(kid)->op_next)
7084 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: ck_grep");
7085 for (k = cUNOPx(kid)->op_first; k; k = k->op_next) {
7088 NewOp(1101, gwop, 1, LOGOP);
7089 kid->op_next = (OP*)gwop;
7090 o->op_flags &= ~OPf_STACKED;
7092 kid = cLISTOPo->op_first->op_sibling;
7093 if (type == OP_MAPWHILE)
7098 if (PL_parser && PL_parser->error_count)
7100 kid = cLISTOPo->op_first->op_sibling;
7101 if (kid->op_type != OP_NULL)
7102 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: ck_grep");
7103 kid = kUNOP->op_first;
7106 NewOp(1101, gwop, 1, LOGOP);
7107 gwop->op_type = type;
7108 gwop->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[type];
7109 gwop->op_first = listkids(o);
7110 gwop->op_flags |= OPf_KIDS;
7111 gwop->op_other = LINKLIST(kid);
7112 kid->op_next = (OP*)gwop;
7113 offset = pad_findmy("$_");
7114 if (offset == NOT_IN_PAD || PAD_COMPNAME_FLAGS_isOUR(offset)) {
7115 o->op_private = gwop->op_private = 0;
7116 gwop->op_targ = pad_alloc(type, SVs_PADTMP);
7119 o->op_private = gwop->op_private = OPpGREP_LEX;
7120 gwop->op_targ = o->op_targ = offset;
7123 kid = cLISTOPo->op_first->op_sibling;
7124 if (!kid || !kid->op_sibling)
7125 return too_few_arguments(o,OP_DESC(o));
7126 for (kid = kid->op_sibling; kid; kid = kid->op_sibling)
7127 mod(kid, OP_GREPSTART);
7133 Perl_ck_index(pTHX_ OP *o)
7135 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CK_INDEX;
7137 if (o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) {
7138 OP *kid = cLISTOPo->op_first->op_sibling; /* get past pushmark */
7140 kid = kid->op_sibling; /* get past "big" */
7141 if (kid && kid->op_type == OP_CONST)
7142 fbm_compile(((SVOP*)kid)->op_sv, 0);
7148 Perl_ck_lfun(pTHX_ OP *o)
7150 const OPCODE type = o->op_type;
7152 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CK_LFUN;
7154 return modkids(ck_fun(o), type);
7158 Perl_ck_defined(pTHX_ OP *o) /* 19990527 MJD */
7160 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CK_DEFINED;
7162 if ((o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) && ckWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX)) {
7163 switch (cUNOPo->op_first->op_type) {
7165 /* This is needed for
7166 if (defined %stash::)
7167 to work. Do not break Tk.
7169 break; /* Globals via GV can be undef */
7171 case OP_AASSIGN: /* Is this a good idea? */
7172 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX),
7173 "defined(@array) is deprecated");
7174 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX),
7175 "\t(Maybe you should just omit the defined()?)\n");
7178 /* This is needed for
7179 if (defined %stash::)
7180 to work. Do not break Tk.
7182 break; /* Globals via GV can be undef */
7184 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX),
7185 "defined(%%hash) is deprecated");
7186 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX),
7187 "\t(Maybe you should just omit the defined()?)\n");
7198 Perl_ck_readline(pTHX_ OP *o)
7200 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CK_READLINE;
7202 if (!(o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS)) {
7204 = newUNOP(OP_READLINE, 0, newGVOP(OP_GV, 0, PL_argvgv));
7206 op_getmad(o,newop,'O');
7216 Perl_ck_rfun(pTHX_ OP *o)
7218 const OPCODE type = o->op_type;
7220 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CK_RFUN;
7222 return refkids(ck_fun(o), type);
7226 Perl_ck_listiob(pTHX_ OP *o)
7230 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CK_LISTIOB;
7232 kid = cLISTOPo->op_first;
7235 kid = cLISTOPo->op_first;
7237 if (kid->op_type == OP_PUSHMARK)
7238 kid = kid->op_sibling;
7239 if (kid && o->op_flags & OPf_STACKED)
7240 kid = kid->op_sibling;
7241 else if (kid && !kid->op_sibling) { /* print HANDLE; */
7242 if (kid->op_type == OP_CONST && kid->op_private & OPpCONST_BARE) {
7243 o->op_flags |= OPf_STACKED; /* make it a filehandle */
7244 kid = newUNOP(OP_RV2GV, OPf_REF, scalar(kid));
7245 cLISTOPo->op_first->op_sibling = kid;
7246 cLISTOPo->op_last = kid;
7247 kid = kid->op_sibling;
7252 append_elem(o->op_type, o, newDEFSVOP());
7258 Perl_ck_smartmatch(pTHX_ OP *o)
7261 if (0 == (o->op_flags & OPf_SPECIAL)) {
7262 OP *first = cBINOPo->op_first;
7263 OP *second = first->op_sibling;
7265 /* Implicitly take a reference to an array or hash */
7266 first->op_sibling = NULL;
7267 first = cBINOPo->op_first = ref_array_or_hash(first);
7268 second = first->op_sibling = ref_array_or_hash(second);
7270 /* Implicitly take a reference to a regular expression */
7271 if (first->op_type == OP_MATCH) {
7272 first->op_type = OP_QR;
7273 first->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_QR];
7275 if (second->op_type == OP_MATCH) {
7276 second->op_type = OP_QR;
7277 second->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_QR];
7286 Perl_ck_sassign(pTHX_ OP *o)
7289 OP * const kid = cLISTOPo->op_first;
7291 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CK_SASSIGN;
7293 /* has a disposable target? */
7294 if ((PL_opargs[kid->op_type] & OA_TARGLEX)
7295 && !(kid->op_flags & OPf_STACKED)
7296 /* Cannot steal the second time! */
7297 && !(kid->op_private & OPpTARGET_MY)
7298 /* Keep the full thing for madskills */
7302 OP * const kkid = kid->op_sibling;
7304 /* Can just relocate the target. */
7305 if (kkid && kkid->op_type == OP_PADSV
7306 && !(kkid->op_private & OPpLVAL_INTRO))
7308 kid->op_targ = kkid->op_targ;
7310 /* Now we do not need PADSV and SASSIGN. */
7311 kid->op_sibling = o->op_sibling; /* NULL */
7312 cLISTOPo->op_first = NULL;
7315 kid->op_private |= OPpTARGET_MY; /* Used for context settings */
7319 if (kid->op_sibling) {
7320 OP *kkid = kid->op_sibling;
7321 if (kkid->op_type == OP_PADSV
7322 && (kkid->op_private & OPpLVAL_INTRO)
7323 && SvPAD_STATE(*av_fetch(PL_comppad_name, kkid->op_targ, FALSE))) {
7324 const PADOFFSET target = kkid->op_targ;
7325 OP *const other = newOP(OP_PADSV,
7327 | ((kkid->op_private & ~OPpLVAL_INTRO) << 8));
7328 OP *const first = newOP(OP_NULL, 0);
7329 OP *const nullop = newCONDOP(0, first, o, other);
7330 OP *const condop = first->op_next;
7331 /* hijacking PADSTALE for uninitialized state variables */
7332 SvPADSTALE_on(PAD_SVl(target));
7334 condop->op_type = OP_ONCE;
7335 condop->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_ONCE];
7336 condop->op_targ = target;
7337 other->op_targ = target;
7339 /* Because we change the type of the op here, we will skip the
7340 assinment binop->op_last = binop->op_first->op_sibling; at the
7341 end of Perl_newBINOP(). So need to do it here. */
7342 cBINOPo->op_last = cBINOPo->op_first->op_sibling;
7351 Perl_ck_match(pTHX_ OP *o)
7355 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CK_MATCH;
7357 if (o->op_type != OP_QR && PL_compcv) {
7358 const PADOFFSET offset = pad_findmy("$_");
7359 if (offset != NOT_IN_PAD && !(PAD_COMPNAME_FLAGS_isOUR(offset))) {
7360 o->op_targ = offset;
7361 o->op_private |= OPpTARGET_MY;
7364 if (o->op_type == OP_MATCH || o->op_type == OP_QR)
7365 o->op_private |= OPpRUNTIME;
7370 Perl_ck_method(pTHX_ OP *o)
7372 OP * const kid = cUNOPo->op_first;
7374 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CK_METHOD;
7376 if (kid->op_type == OP_CONST) {
7377 SV* sv = kSVOP->op_sv;
7378 const char * const method = SvPVX_const(sv);
7379 if (!(strchr(method, ':') || strchr(method, '\''))) {
7381 if (!SvREADONLY(sv) || !SvFAKE(sv)) {
7382 sv = newSVpvn_share(method, SvCUR(sv), 0);
7385 kSVOP->op_sv = NULL;
7387 cmop = newSVOP(OP_METHOD_NAMED, 0, sv);
7389 op_getmad(o,cmop,'O');
7400 Perl_ck_null(pTHX_ OP *o)
7402 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CK_NULL;
7403 PERL_UNUSED_CONTEXT;
7408 Perl_ck_open(pTHX_ OP *o)
7411 HV * const table = GvHV(PL_hintgv);
7413 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CK_OPEN;
7416 SV **svp = hv_fetchs(table, "open_IN", FALSE);
7419 const char *d = SvPV_const(*svp, len);
7420 const I32 mode = mode_from_discipline(d, len);
7421 if (mode & O_BINARY)
7422 o->op_private |= OPpOPEN_IN_RAW;
7423 else if (mode & O_TEXT)
7424 o->op_private |= OPpOPEN_IN_CRLF;
7427 svp = hv_fetchs(table, "open_OUT", FALSE);
7430 const char *d = SvPV_const(*svp, len);
7431 const I32 mode = mode_from_discipline(d, len);
7432 if (mode & O_BINARY)
7433 o->op_private |= OPpOPEN_OUT_RAW;
7434 else if (mode & O_TEXT)
7435 o->op_private |= OPpOPEN_OUT_CRLF;
7438 if (o->op_type == OP_BACKTICK) {
7439 if (!(o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS)) {
7440 OP * const newop = newUNOP(OP_BACKTICK, 0, newDEFSVOP());
7442 op_getmad(o,newop,'O');
7451 /* In case of three-arg dup open remove strictness
7452 * from the last arg if it is a bareword. */
7453 OP * const first = cLISTOPx(o)->op_first; /* The pushmark. */
7454 OP * const last = cLISTOPx(o)->op_last; /* The bareword. */
7458 if ((last->op_type == OP_CONST) && /* The bareword. */
7459 (last->op_private & OPpCONST_BARE) &&
7460 (last->op_private & OPpCONST_STRICT) &&
7461 (oa = first->op_sibling) && /* The fh. */
7462 (oa = oa->op_sibling) && /* The mode. */
7463 (oa->op_type == OP_CONST) &&
7464 SvPOK(((SVOP*)oa)->op_sv) &&
7465 (mode = SvPVX_const(((SVOP*)oa)->op_sv)) &&
7466 mode[0] == '>' && mode[1] == '&' && /* A dup open. */
7467 (last == oa->op_sibling)) /* The bareword. */
7468 last->op_private &= ~OPpCONST_STRICT;
7474 Perl_ck_repeat(pTHX_ OP *o)
7476 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CK_REPEAT;
7478 if (cBINOPo->op_first->op_flags & OPf_PARENS) {
7479 o->op_private |= OPpREPEAT_DOLIST;
7480 cBINOPo->op_first = force_list(cBINOPo->op_first);
7488 Perl_ck_require(pTHX_ OP *o)
7493 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CK_REQUIRE;
7495 if (o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) { /* Shall we supply missing .pm? */
7496 SVOP * const kid = (SVOP*)cUNOPo->op_first;
7498 if (kid->op_type == OP_CONST && (kid->op_private & OPpCONST_BARE)) {
7499 SV * const sv = kid->op_sv;
7500 U32 was_readonly = SvREADONLY(sv);
7507 sv_force_normal_flags(sv, 0);
7508 assert(!SvREADONLY(sv));
7518 for (; s < end; s++) {
7519 if (*s == ':' && s[1] == ':') {
7521 Move(s+2, s+1, end - s - 1, char);
7526 sv_catpvs(sv, ".pm");
7527 SvFLAGS(sv) |= was_readonly;
7531 if (!(o->op_flags & OPf_SPECIAL)) { /* Wasn't written as CORE::require */
7532 /* handle override, if any */
7533 gv = gv_fetchpvs("require", GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PVCV);
7534 if (!(gv && GvCVu(gv) && GvIMPORTED_CV(gv))) {
7535 GV * const * const gvp = (GV**)hv_fetchs(PL_globalstash, "require", FALSE);
7536 gv = gvp ? *gvp : NULL;
7540 if (gv && GvCVu(gv) && GvIMPORTED_CV(gv)) {
7541 OP * const kid = cUNOPo->op_first;
7544 cUNOPo->op_first = 0;
7548 newop = ck_subr(newUNOP(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_STACKED,
7549 append_elem(OP_LIST, kid,
7550 scalar(newUNOP(OP_RV2CV, 0,
7553 op_getmad(o,newop,'O');
7561 Perl_ck_return(pTHX_ OP *o)
7565 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CK_RETURN;
7567 if (CvLVALUE(PL_compcv)) {
7569 for (kid = cLISTOPo->op_first->op_sibling; kid; kid = kid->op_sibling)
7570 mod(kid, OP_LEAVESUBLV);
7576 Perl_ck_select(pTHX_ OP *o)
7581 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CK_SELECT;
7583 if (o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) {
7584 kid = cLISTOPo->op_first->op_sibling; /* get past pushmark */
7585 if (kid && kid->op_sibling) {
7586 o->op_type = OP_SSELECT;
7587 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_SSELECT];
7589 return fold_constants(o);
7593 kid = cLISTOPo->op_first->op_sibling; /* get past pushmark */
7594 if (kid && kid->op_type == OP_RV2GV)
7595 kid->op_private &= ~HINT_STRICT_REFS;
7600 Perl_ck_shift(pTHX_ OP *o)
7603 const I32 type = o->op_type;
7605 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CK_SHIFT;
7607 if (!(o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS)) {
7609 /* FIXME - this can be refactored to reduce code in #ifdefs */
7611 OP * const oldo = o;
7615 argop = newUNOP(OP_RV2AV, 0,
7616 scalar(newGVOP(OP_GV, 0, CvUNIQUE(PL_compcv) ? PL_argvgv : PL_defgv)));
7618 o = newUNOP(type, 0, scalar(argop));
7619 op_getmad(oldo,o,'O');
7622 return newUNOP(type, 0, scalar(argop));
7625 return scalar(modkids(ck_fun(o), type));
7629 Perl_ck_sort(pTHX_ OP *o)
7634 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CK_SORT;
7636 if (o->op_type == OP_SORT && (PL_hints & HINT_LOCALIZE_HH) != 0) {
7637 HV * const hinthv = GvHV(PL_hintgv);
7639 SV ** const svp = hv_fetchs(hinthv, "sort", FALSE);
7641 const I32 sorthints = (I32)SvIV(*svp);
7642 if ((sorthints & HINT_SORT_QUICKSORT) != 0)
7643 o->op_private |= OPpSORT_QSORT;
7644 if ((sorthints & HINT_SORT_STABLE) != 0)
7645 o->op_private |= OPpSORT_STABLE;
7650 if (o->op_type == OP_SORT && o->op_flags & OPf_STACKED)
7652 firstkid = cLISTOPo->op_first->op_sibling; /* get past pushmark */
7653 if (o->op_flags & OPf_STACKED) { /* may have been cleared */
7655 OP *kid = cUNOPx(firstkid)->op_first; /* get past null */
7657 if (kid->op_type == OP_SCOPE || kid->op_type == OP_LEAVE) {
7659 if (kid->op_type == OP_SCOPE) {
7663 else if (kid->op_type == OP_LEAVE) {
7664 if (o->op_type == OP_SORT) {
7665 op_null(kid); /* wipe out leave */
7668 for (k = kLISTOP->op_first->op_next; k; k = k->op_next) {
7669 if (k->op_next == kid)
7671 /* don't descend into loops */
7672 else if (k->op_type == OP_ENTERLOOP
7673 || k->op_type == OP_ENTERITER)
7675 k = cLOOPx(k)->op_lastop;
7680 kid->op_next = 0; /* just disconnect the leave */
7681 k = kLISTOP->op_first;
7686 if (o->op_type == OP_SORT) {
7687 /* provide scalar context for comparison function/block */
7693 o->op_flags |= OPf_SPECIAL;
7695 else if (kid->op_type == OP_RV2SV || kid->op_type == OP_PADSV)
7698 firstkid = firstkid->op_sibling;
7701 /* provide list context for arguments */
7702 if (o->op_type == OP_SORT)
7709 S_simplify_sort(pTHX_ OP *o)
7712 register OP *kid = cLISTOPo->op_first->op_sibling; /* get past pushmark */
7718 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_SIMPLIFY_SORT;
7720 if (!(o->op_flags & OPf_STACKED))
7722 GvMULTI_on(gv_fetchpvs("a", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PV));
7723 GvMULTI_on(gv_fetchpvs("b", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PV));
7724 kid = kUNOP->op_first; /* get past null */
7725 if (kid->op_type != OP_SCOPE)
7727 kid = kLISTOP->op_last; /* get past scope */
7728 switch(kid->op_type) {
7736 k = kid; /* remember this node*/
7737 if (kBINOP->op_first->op_type != OP_RV2SV)
7739 kid = kBINOP->op_first; /* get past cmp */
7740 if (kUNOP->op_first->op_type != OP_GV)
7742 kid = kUNOP->op_first; /* get past rv2sv */
7744 if (GvSTASH(gv) != PL_curstash)
7746 gvname = GvNAME(gv);
7747 if (*gvname == 'a' && gvname[1] == '\0')
7749 else if (*gvname == 'b' && gvname[1] == '\0')
7754 kid = k; /* back to cmp */
7755 if (kBINOP->op_last->op_type != OP_RV2SV)
7757 kid = kBINOP->op_last; /* down to 2nd arg */
7758 if (kUNOP->op_first->op_type != OP_GV)
7760 kid = kUNOP->op_first; /* get past rv2sv */
7762 if (GvSTASH(gv) != PL_curstash)
7764 gvname = GvNAME(gv);
7766 ? !(*gvname == 'a' && gvname[1] == '\0')
7767 : !(*gvname == 'b' && gvname[1] == '\0'))
7769 o->op_flags &= ~(OPf_STACKED | OPf_SPECIAL);
7771 o->op_private |= OPpSORT_DESCEND;
7772 if (k->op_type == OP_NCMP)
7773 o->op_private |= OPpSORT_NUMERIC;
7774 if (k->op_type == OP_I_NCMP)
7775 o->op_private |= OPpSORT_NUMERIC | OPpSORT_INTEGER;
7776 kid = cLISTOPo->op_first->op_sibling;
7777 cLISTOPo->op_first->op_sibling = kid->op_sibling; /* bypass old block */
7779 op_getmad(kid,o,'S'); /* then delete it */
7781 op_free(kid); /* then delete it */
7786 Perl_ck_split(pTHX_ OP *o)
7791 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CK_SPLIT;
7793 if (o->op_flags & OPf_STACKED)
7794 return no_fh_allowed(o);
7796 kid = cLISTOPo->op_first;
7797 if (kid->op_type != OP_NULL)
7798 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: ck_split");
7799 kid = kid->op_sibling;
7800 op_free(cLISTOPo->op_first);
7801 cLISTOPo->op_first = kid;
7803 cLISTOPo->op_first = kid = newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, newSVpvs(" "));
7804 cLISTOPo->op_last = kid; /* There was only one element previously */
7807 if (kid->op_type != OP_MATCH || kid->op_flags & OPf_STACKED) {
7808 OP * const sibl = kid->op_sibling;
7809 kid->op_sibling = 0;
7810 kid = pmruntime( newPMOP(OP_MATCH, OPf_SPECIAL), kid, 0);
7811 if (cLISTOPo->op_first == cLISTOPo->op_last)
7812 cLISTOPo->op_last = kid;
7813 cLISTOPo->op_first = kid;
7814 kid->op_sibling = sibl;
7817 kid->op_type = OP_PUSHRE;
7818 kid->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_PUSHRE];
7820 if (((PMOP *)kid)->op_pmflags & PMf_GLOBAL && ckWARN(WARN_REGEXP)) {
7821 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_REGEXP),
7822 "Use of /g modifier is meaningless in split");
7825 if (!kid->op_sibling)
7826 append_elem(OP_SPLIT, o, newDEFSVOP());
7828 kid = kid->op_sibling;
7831 if (!kid->op_sibling)
7832 append_elem(OP_SPLIT, o, newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, newSViv(0)));
7833 assert(kid->op_sibling);
7835 kid = kid->op_sibling;
7838 if (kid->op_sibling)
7839 return too_many_arguments(o,OP_DESC(o));
7845 Perl_ck_join(pTHX_ OP *o)
7847 const OP * const kid = cLISTOPo->op_first->op_sibling;
7849 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CK_JOIN;
7851 if (kid && kid->op_type == OP_MATCH) {
7852 if (ckWARN(WARN_SYNTAX)) {
7853 const REGEXP *re = PM_GETRE(kPMOP);
7854 const char *pmstr = re ? RX_PRECOMP(re) : "STRING";
7855 const STRLEN len = re ? RX_PRELEN(re) : 6;
7856 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_SYNTAX),
7857 "/%.*s/ should probably be written as \"%.*s\"",
7858 (int)len, pmstr, (int)len, pmstr);
7865 Perl_ck_subr(pTHX_ OP *o)
7868 OP *prev = ((cUNOPo->op_first->op_sibling)
7869 ? cUNOPo : ((UNOP*)cUNOPo->op_first))->op_first;
7870 OP *o2 = prev->op_sibling;
7872 const char *proto = NULL;
7873 const char *proto_end = NULL;
7878 I32 contextclass = 0;
7879 const char *e = NULL;
7882 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CK_SUBR;
7884 o->op_private |= OPpENTERSUB_HASTARG;
7885 for (cvop = o2; cvop->op_sibling; cvop = cvop->op_sibling) ;
7886 if (cvop->op_type == OP_RV2CV) {
7888 o->op_private |= (cvop->op_private & OPpENTERSUB_AMPER);
7889 op_null(cvop); /* disable rv2cv */
7890 tmpop = (SVOP*)((UNOP*)cvop)->op_first;
7891 if (tmpop->op_type == OP_GV && !(o->op_private & OPpENTERSUB_AMPER)) {
7892 GV *gv = cGVOPx_gv(tmpop);
7895 tmpop->op_private |= OPpEARLY_CV;
7899 namegv = CvANON(cv) ? gv : CvGV(cv);
7900 proto = SvPV((SV*)cv, len);
7901 proto_end = proto + len;
7906 else if (cvop->op_type == OP_METHOD || cvop->op_type == OP_METHOD_NAMED) {
7907 if (o2->op_type == OP_CONST)
7908 o2->op_private &= ~OPpCONST_STRICT;
7909 else if (o2->op_type == OP_LIST) {
7910 OP * const sib = ((UNOP*)o2)->op_first->op_sibling;
7911 if (sib && sib->op_type == OP_CONST)
7912 sib->op_private &= ~OPpCONST_STRICT;
7915 o->op_private |= (PL_hints & HINT_STRICT_REFS);
7916 if (PERLDB_SUB && PL_curstash != PL_debstash)
7917 o->op_private |= OPpENTERSUB_DB;
7918 while (o2 != cvop) {
7920 if (PL_madskills && o2->op_type == OP_STUB) {
7921 o2 = o2->op_sibling;
7924 if (PL_madskills && o2->op_type == OP_NULL)
7925 o3 = ((UNOP*)o2)->op_first;
7929 if (proto >= proto_end)
7930 return too_many_arguments(o, gv_ename(namegv));
7938 /* _ must be at the end */
7939 if (proto[1] && proto[1] != ';')
7954 if (o3->op_type != OP_REFGEN && o3->op_type != OP_UNDEF)
7956 arg == 1 ? "block or sub {}" : "sub {}",
7957 gv_ename(namegv), o3);
7960 /* '*' allows any scalar type, including bareword */
7963 if (o3->op_type == OP_RV2GV)
7964 goto wrapref; /* autoconvert GLOB -> GLOBref */
7965 else if (o3->op_type == OP_CONST)
7966 o3->op_private &= ~OPpCONST_STRICT;
7967 else if (o3->op_type == OP_ENTERSUB) {
7968 /* accidental subroutine, revert to bareword */
7969 OP *gvop = ((UNOP*)o3)->op_first;
7970 if (gvop && gvop->op_type == OP_NULL) {
7971 gvop = ((UNOP*)gvop)->op_first;
7973 for (; gvop->op_sibling; gvop = gvop->op_sibling)
7976 (gvop->op_private & OPpENTERSUB_NOPAREN) &&
7977 (gvop = ((UNOP*)gvop)->op_first) &&
7978 gvop->op_type == OP_GV)
7980 GV * const gv = cGVOPx_gv(gvop);
7981 OP * const sibling = o2->op_sibling;
7982 SV * const n = newSVpvs("");
7984 OP * const oldo2 = o2;
7988 gv_fullname4(n, gv, "", FALSE);
7989 o2 = newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, n);
7990 op_getmad(oldo2,o2,'O');
7991 prev->op_sibling = o2;
7992 o2->op_sibling = sibling;
8008 if (contextclass++ == 0) {
8009 e = strchr(proto, ']');
8010 if (!e || e == proto)
8019 const char *p = proto;
8020 const char *const end = proto;
8022 while (*--p != '[');
8023 bad_type(arg, Perl_form(aTHX_ "one of %.*s",
8025 gv_ename(namegv), o3);
8030 if (o3->op_type == OP_RV2GV)
8033 bad_type(arg, "symbol", gv_ename(namegv), o3);
8036 if (o3->op_type == OP_ENTERSUB)
8039 bad_type(arg, "subroutine entry", gv_ename(namegv),
8043 if (o3->op_type == OP_RV2SV ||
8044 o3->op_type == OP_PADSV ||
8045 o3->op_type == OP_HELEM ||
8046 o3->op_type == OP_AELEM)
8049 bad_type(arg, "scalar", gv_ename(namegv), o3);
8052 if (o3->op_type == OP_RV2AV ||
8053 o3->op_type == OP_PADAV)
8056 bad_type(arg, "array", gv_ename(namegv), o3);
8059 if (o3->op_type == OP_RV2HV ||
8060 o3->op_type == OP_PADHV)
8063 bad_type(arg, "hash", gv_ename(namegv), o3);
8068 OP* const sib = kid->op_sibling;
8069 kid->op_sibling = 0;
8070 o2 = newUNOP(OP_REFGEN, 0, kid);
8071 o2->op_sibling = sib;
8072 prev->op_sibling = o2;
8074 if (contextclass && e) {
8089 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Malformed prototype for %s: %"SVf,
8090 gv_ename(namegv), SVfARG(cv));
8095 mod(o2, OP_ENTERSUB);
8097 o2 = o2->op_sibling;
8099 if (o2 == cvop && proto && *proto == '_') {
8100 /* generate an access to $_ */
8102 o2->op_sibling = prev->op_sibling;
8103 prev->op_sibling = o2; /* instead of cvop */
8105 if (proto && !optional && proto_end > proto &&
8106 (*proto != '@' && *proto != '%' && *proto != ';' && *proto != '_'))
8107 return too_few_arguments(o, gv_ename(namegv));
8110 OP * const oldo = o;
8114 o=newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, newSViv(0));
8115 op_getmad(oldo,o,'O');
8121 Perl_ck_svconst(pTHX_ OP *o)
8123 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CK_SVCONST;
8124 PERL_UNUSED_CONTEXT;
8125 SvREADONLY_on(cSVOPo->op_sv);
8130 Perl_ck_chdir(pTHX_ OP *o)
8132 if (o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) {
8133 SVOP * const kid = (SVOP*)cUNOPo->op_first;
8135 if (kid && kid->op_type == OP_CONST &&
8136 (kid->op_private & OPpCONST_BARE))
8138 o->op_flags |= OPf_SPECIAL;
8139 kid->op_private &= ~OPpCONST_STRICT;
8146 Perl_ck_trunc(pTHX_ OP *o)
8148 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CK_TRUNC;
8150 if (o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) {
8151 SVOP *kid = (SVOP*)cUNOPo->op_first;
8153 if (kid->op_type == OP_NULL)
8154 kid = (SVOP*)kid->op_sibling;
8155 if (kid && kid->op_type == OP_CONST &&
8156 (kid->op_private & OPpCONST_BARE))
8158 o->op_flags |= OPf_SPECIAL;
8159 kid->op_private &= ~OPpCONST_STRICT;
8166 Perl_ck_unpack(pTHX_ OP *o)
8168 OP *kid = cLISTOPo->op_first;
8170 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CK_UNPACK;
8172 if (kid->op_sibling) {
8173 kid = kid->op_sibling;
8174 if (!kid->op_sibling)
8175 kid->op_sibling = newDEFSVOP();
8181 Perl_ck_substr(pTHX_ OP *o)
8183 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CK_SUBSTR;
8186 if ((o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) && (o->op_private == 4)) {
8187 OP *kid = cLISTOPo->op_first;
8189 if (kid->op_type == OP_NULL)
8190 kid = kid->op_sibling;
8192 kid->op_flags |= OPf_MOD;
8199 Perl_ck_each(pTHX_ OP *o)
8202 OP *kid = cLISTOPo->op_first;
8204 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CK_EACH;
8206 if (kid->op_type == OP_PADAV || kid->op_type == OP_RV2AV) {
8207 const unsigned new_type = o->op_type == OP_EACH ? OP_AEACH
8208 : o->op_type == OP_KEYS ? OP_AKEYS : OP_AVALUES;
8209 o->op_type = new_type;
8210 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[new_type];
8212 else if (!(kid->op_type == OP_PADHV || kid->op_type == OP_RV2HV
8213 || (kid->op_type == OP_CONST && kid->op_private & OPpCONST_BARE)
8215 bad_type(1, "hash or array", PL_op_desc[o->op_type], kid);
8221 /* A peephole optimizer. We visit the ops in the order they're to execute.
8222 * See the comments at the top of this file for more details about when
8223 * peep() is called */
8226 Perl_peep(pTHX_ register OP *o)
8229 register OP* oldop = NULL;
8231 if (!o || o->op_opt)
8235 SAVEVPTR(PL_curcop);
8236 for (; o; o = o->op_next) {
8239 /* By default, this op has now been optimised. A couple of cases below
8240 clear this again. */
8243 switch (o->op_type) {
8246 PL_curcop = ((COP*)o); /* for warnings */
8250 if (cSVOPo->op_private & OPpCONST_STRICT)
8251 no_bareword_allowed(o);
8254 case OP_METHOD_NAMED:
8255 /* Relocate sv to the pad for thread safety.
8256 * Despite being a "constant", the SV is written to,
8257 * for reference counts, sv_upgrade() etc. */
8259 const PADOFFSET ix = pad_alloc(OP_CONST, SVs_PADTMP);
8260 if (o->op_type != OP_METHOD_NAMED && SvPADTMP(cSVOPo->op_sv)) {
8261 /* If op_sv is already a PADTMP then it is being used by
8262 * some pad, so make a copy. */
8263 sv_setsv(PAD_SVl(ix),cSVOPo->op_sv);
8264 SvREADONLY_on(PAD_SVl(ix));
8265 SvREFCNT_dec(cSVOPo->op_sv);
8267 else if (o->op_type != OP_METHOD_NAMED
8268 && cSVOPo->op_sv == &PL_sv_undef) {
8269 /* PL_sv_undef is hack - it's unsafe to store it in the
8270 AV that is the pad, because av_fetch treats values of
8271 PL_sv_undef as a "free" AV entry and will merrily
8272 replace them with a new SV, causing pad_alloc to think
8273 that this pad slot is free. (When, clearly, it is not)
8275 SvOK_off(PAD_SVl(ix));
8276 SvPADTMP_on(PAD_SVl(ix));
8277 SvREADONLY_on(PAD_SVl(ix));
8280 SvREFCNT_dec(PAD_SVl(ix));
8281 SvPADTMP_on(cSVOPo->op_sv);
8282 PAD_SETSV(ix, cSVOPo->op_sv);
8283 /* XXX I don't know how this isn't readonly already. */
8284 SvREADONLY_on(PAD_SVl(ix));
8286 cSVOPo->op_sv = NULL;
8293 if (o->op_next && o->op_next->op_type == OP_STRINGIFY) {
8294 if (o->op_next->op_private & OPpTARGET_MY) {
8295 if (o->op_flags & OPf_STACKED) /* chained concats */
8296 break; /* ignore_optimization */
8298 /* assert(PL_opargs[o->op_type] & OA_TARGLEX); */
8299 o->op_targ = o->op_next->op_targ;
8300 o->op_next->op_targ = 0;
8301 o->op_private |= OPpTARGET_MY;
8304 op_null(o->op_next);
8308 if ((o->op_flags & OPf_WANT) != OPf_WANT_LIST) {
8309 break; /* Scalar stub must produce undef. List stub is noop */
8313 if (o->op_targ == OP_NEXTSTATE
8314 || o->op_targ == OP_DBSTATE)
8316 PL_curcop = ((COP*)o);
8318 /* XXX: We avoid setting op_seq here to prevent later calls
8319 to peep() from mistakenly concluding that optimisation
8320 has already occurred. This doesn't fix the real problem,
8321 though (See 20010220.007). AMS 20010719 */
8322 /* op_seq functionality is now replaced by op_opt */
8329 if (oldop && o->op_next) {
8330 oldop->op_next = o->op_next;
8338 if (o->op_type == OP_PADAV || o->op_next->op_type == OP_RV2AV) {
8339 OP* const pop = (o->op_type == OP_PADAV) ?
8340 o->op_next : o->op_next->op_next;
8342 if (pop && pop->op_type == OP_CONST &&
8343 ((PL_op = pop->op_next)) &&
8344 pop->op_next->op_type == OP_AELEM &&
8345 !(pop->op_next->op_private &
8346 (OPpLVAL_INTRO|OPpLVAL_DEFER|OPpDEREF|OPpMAYBE_LVSUB)) &&
8347 (i = SvIV(((SVOP*)pop)->op_sv) - CopARYBASE_get(PL_curcop))
8352 if (cSVOPx(pop)->op_private & OPpCONST_STRICT)
8353 no_bareword_allowed(pop);
8354 if (o->op_type == OP_GV)
8355 op_null(o->op_next);
8356 op_null(pop->op_next);
8358 o->op_flags |= pop->op_next->op_flags & OPf_MOD;
8359 o->op_next = pop->op_next->op_next;
8360 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_AELEMFAST];
8361 o->op_private = (U8)i;
8362 if (o->op_type == OP_GV) {
8367 o->op_flags |= OPf_SPECIAL;
8368 o->op_type = OP_AELEMFAST;
8373 if (o->op_next->op_type == OP_RV2SV) {
8374 if (!(o->op_next->op_private & OPpDEREF)) {
8375 op_null(o->op_next);
8376 o->op_private |= o->op_next->op_private & (OPpLVAL_INTRO
8378 o->op_next = o->op_next->op_next;
8379 o->op_type = OP_GVSV;
8380 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_GVSV];
8383 else if ((o->op_private & OPpEARLY_CV) && ckWARN(WARN_PROTOTYPE)) {
8384 GV * const gv = cGVOPo_gv;
8385 if (SvTYPE(gv) == SVt_PVGV && GvCV(gv) && SvPVX_const(GvCV(gv))) {
8386 /* XXX could check prototype here instead of just carping */
8387 SV * const sv = sv_newmortal();
8388 gv_efullname3(sv, gv, NULL);
8389 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_PROTOTYPE),
8390 "%"SVf"() called too early to check prototype",
8394 else if (o->op_next->op_type == OP_READLINE
8395 && o->op_next->op_next->op_type == OP_CONCAT
8396 && (o->op_next->op_next->op_flags & OPf_STACKED))
8398 /* Turn "$a .= <FH>" into an OP_RCATLINE. AMS 20010917 */
8399 o->op_type = OP_RCATLINE;
8400 o->op_flags |= OPf_STACKED;
8401 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_RCATLINE];
8402 op_null(o->op_next->op_next);
8403 op_null(o->op_next);
8419 while (cLOGOP->op_other->op_type == OP_NULL)
8420 cLOGOP->op_other = cLOGOP->op_other->op_next;
8421 peep(cLOGOP->op_other); /* Recursive calls are not replaced by fptr calls */
8426 while (cLOOP->op_redoop->op_type == OP_NULL)
8427 cLOOP->op_redoop = cLOOP->op_redoop->op_next;
8428 peep(cLOOP->op_redoop);
8429 while (cLOOP->op_nextop->op_type == OP_NULL)
8430 cLOOP->op_nextop = cLOOP->op_nextop->op_next;
8431 peep(cLOOP->op_nextop);
8432 while (cLOOP->op_lastop->op_type == OP_NULL)
8433 cLOOP->op_lastop = cLOOP->op_lastop->op_next;
8434 peep(cLOOP->op_lastop);
8438 assert(!(cPMOP->op_pmflags & PMf_ONCE));
8439 while (cPMOP->op_pmstashstartu.op_pmreplstart &&
8440 cPMOP->op_pmstashstartu.op_pmreplstart->op_type == OP_NULL)
8441 cPMOP->op_pmstashstartu.op_pmreplstart
8442 = cPMOP->op_pmstashstartu.op_pmreplstart->op_next;
8443 peep(cPMOP->op_pmstashstartu.op_pmreplstart);
8447 if (o->op_next && o->op_next->op_type == OP_NEXTSTATE
8448 && ckWARN(WARN_SYNTAX))
8450 if (o->op_next->op_sibling) {
8451 const OPCODE type = o->op_next->op_sibling->op_type;
8452 if (type != OP_EXIT && type != OP_WARN && type != OP_DIE) {
8453 const line_t oldline = CopLINE(PL_curcop);
8454 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, CopLINE((COP*)o->op_next));
8455 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_EXEC),
8456 "Statement unlikely to be reached");
8457 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_EXEC),
8458 "\t(Maybe you meant system() when you said exec()?)\n");
8459 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
8470 const char *key = NULL;
8473 if (((BINOP*)o)->op_last->op_type != OP_CONST)
8476 /* Make the CONST have a shared SV */
8477 svp = cSVOPx_svp(((BINOP*)o)->op_last);
8478 if ((!SvFAKE(sv = *svp) || !SvREADONLY(sv)) && !IS_PADCONST(sv)) {
8479 key = SvPV_const(sv, keylen);
8480 lexname = newSVpvn_share(key,
8481 SvUTF8(sv) ? -(I32)keylen : (I32)keylen,
8487 if ((o->op_private & (OPpLVAL_INTRO)))
8490 rop = (UNOP*)((BINOP*)o)->op_first;
8491 if (rop->op_type != OP_RV2HV || rop->op_first->op_type != OP_PADSV)
8493 lexname = *av_fetch(PL_comppad_name, rop->op_first->op_targ, TRUE);
8494 if (!SvPAD_TYPED(lexname))
8496 fields = (GV**)hv_fetchs(SvSTASH(lexname), "FIELDS", FALSE);
8497 if (!fields || !GvHV(*fields))
8499 key = SvPV_const(*svp, keylen);
8500 if (!hv_fetch(GvHV(*fields), key,
8501 SvUTF8(*svp) ? -(I32)keylen : (I32)keylen, FALSE))
8503 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No such class field \"%s\" "
8504 "in variable %s of type %s",
8505 key, SvPV_nolen_const(lexname), HvNAME_get(SvSTASH(lexname)));
8518 SVOP *first_key_op, *key_op;
8520 if ((o->op_private & (OPpLVAL_INTRO))
8521 /* I bet there's always a pushmark... */
8522 || ((LISTOP*)o)->op_first->op_sibling->op_type != OP_LIST)
8523 /* hmmm, no optimization if list contains only one key. */
8525 rop = (UNOP*)((LISTOP*)o)->op_last;
8526 if (rop->op_type != OP_RV2HV)
8528 if (rop->op_first->op_type == OP_PADSV)
8529 /* @$hash{qw(keys here)} */
8530 rop = (UNOP*)rop->op_first;
8532 /* @{$hash}{qw(keys here)} */
8533 if (rop->op_first->op_type == OP_SCOPE
8534 && cLISTOPx(rop->op_first)->op_last->op_type == OP_PADSV)
8536 rop = (UNOP*)cLISTOPx(rop->op_first)->op_last;
8542 lexname = *av_fetch(PL_comppad_name, rop->op_targ, TRUE);
8543 if (!SvPAD_TYPED(lexname))
8545 fields = (GV**)hv_fetchs(SvSTASH(lexname), "FIELDS", FALSE);
8546 if (!fields || !GvHV(*fields))
8548 /* Again guessing that the pushmark can be jumped over.... */
8549 first_key_op = (SVOP*)((LISTOP*)((LISTOP*)o)->op_first->op_sibling)
8550 ->op_first->op_sibling;
8551 for (key_op = first_key_op; key_op;
8552 key_op = (SVOP*)key_op->op_sibling) {
8553 if (key_op->op_type != OP_CONST)
8555 svp = cSVOPx_svp(key_op);
8556 key = SvPV_const(*svp, keylen);
8557 if (!hv_fetch(GvHV(*fields), key,
8558 SvUTF8(*svp) ? -(I32)keylen : (I32)keylen, FALSE))
8560 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No such class field \"%s\" "
8561 "in variable %s of type %s",
8562 key, SvPV_nolen(lexname), HvNAME_get(SvSTASH(lexname)));
8569 /* will point to RV2AV or PADAV op on LHS/RHS of assign */
8573 /* check that RHS of sort is a single plain array */
8574 OP *oright = cUNOPo->op_first;
8575 if (!oright || oright->op_type != OP_PUSHMARK)
8578 /* reverse sort ... can be optimised. */
8579 if (!cUNOPo->op_sibling) {
8580 /* Nothing follows us on the list. */
8581 OP * const reverse = o->op_next;
8583 if (reverse->op_type == OP_REVERSE &&
8584 (reverse->op_flags & OPf_WANT) == OPf_WANT_LIST) {
8585 OP * const pushmark = cUNOPx(reverse)->op_first;
8586 if (pushmark && (pushmark->op_type == OP_PUSHMARK)
8587 && (cUNOPx(pushmark)->op_sibling == o)) {
8588 /* reverse -> pushmark -> sort */
8589 o->op_private |= OPpSORT_REVERSE;
8591 pushmark->op_next = oright->op_next;
8597 /* make @a = sort @a act in-place */
8599 oright = cUNOPx(oright)->op_sibling;
8602 if (oright->op_type == OP_NULL) { /* skip sort block/sub */
8603 oright = cUNOPx(oright)->op_sibling;
8607 (oright->op_type != OP_RV2AV && oright->op_type != OP_PADAV)
8608 || oright->op_next != o
8609 || (oright->op_private & OPpLVAL_INTRO)
8613 /* o2 follows the chain of op_nexts through the LHS of the
8614 * assign (if any) to the aassign op itself */
8616 if (!o2 || o2->op_type != OP_NULL)
8619 if (!o2 || o2->op_type != OP_PUSHMARK)
8622 if (o2 && o2->op_type == OP_GV)
8625 || (o2->op_type != OP_PADAV && o2->op_type != OP_RV2AV)
8626 || (o2->op_private & OPpLVAL_INTRO)
8631 if (!o2 || o2->op_type != OP_NULL)
8634 if (!o2 || o2->op_type != OP_AASSIGN
8635 || (o2->op_flags & OPf_WANT) != OPf_WANT_VOID)
8638 /* check that the sort is the first arg on RHS of assign */
8640 o2 = cUNOPx(o2)->op_first;
8641 if (!o2 || o2->op_type != OP_NULL)
8643 o2 = cUNOPx(o2)->op_first;
8644 if (!o2 || o2->op_type != OP_PUSHMARK)
8646 if (o2->op_sibling != o)
8649 /* check the array is the same on both sides */
8650 if (oleft->op_type == OP_RV2AV) {
8651 if (oright->op_type != OP_RV2AV
8652 || !cUNOPx(oright)->op_first
8653 || cUNOPx(oright)->op_first->op_type != OP_GV
8654 || cGVOPx_gv(cUNOPx(oleft)->op_first) !=
8655 cGVOPx_gv(cUNOPx(oright)->op_first)
8659 else if (oright->op_type != OP_PADAV
8660 || oright->op_targ != oleft->op_targ
8664 /* transfer MODishness etc from LHS arg to RHS arg */
8665 oright->op_flags = oleft->op_flags;
8666 o->op_private |= OPpSORT_INPLACE;
8668 /* excise push->gv->rv2av->null->aassign */
8669 o2 = o->op_next->op_next;
8670 op_null(o2); /* PUSHMARK */
8672 if (o2->op_type == OP_GV) {
8673 op_null(o2); /* GV */
8676 op_null(o2); /* RV2AV or PADAV */
8677 o2 = o2->op_next->op_next;
8678 op_null(o2); /* AASSIGN */
8680 o->op_next = o2->op_next;
8686 OP *ourmark, *theirmark, *ourlast, *iter, *expushmark, *rv2av;
8688 LISTOP *enter, *exlist;
8690 enter = (LISTOP *) o->op_next;
8693 if (enter->op_type == OP_NULL) {
8694 enter = (LISTOP *) enter->op_next;
8698 /* for $a (...) will have OP_GV then OP_RV2GV here.
8699 for (...) just has an OP_GV. */
8700 if (enter->op_type == OP_GV) {
8701 gvop = (OP *) enter;
8702 enter = (LISTOP *) enter->op_next;
8705 if (enter->op_type == OP_RV2GV) {
8706 enter = (LISTOP *) enter->op_next;
8712 if (enter->op_type != OP_ENTERITER)
8715 iter = enter->op_next;
8716 if (!iter || iter->op_type != OP_ITER)
8719 expushmark = enter->op_first;
8720 if (!expushmark || expushmark->op_type != OP_NULL
8721 || expushmark->op_targ != OP_PUSHMARK)
8724 exlist = (LISTOP *) expushmark->op_sibling;
8725 if (!exlist || exlist->op_type != OP_NULL
8726 || exlist->op_targ != OP_LIST)
8729 if (exlist->op_last != o) {
8730 /* Mmm. Was expecting to point back to this op. */
8733 theirmark = exlist->op_first;
8734 if (!theirmark || theirmark->op_type != OP_PUSHMARK)
8737 if (theirmark->op_sibling != o) {
8738 /* There's something between the mark and the reverse, eg
8739 for (1, reverse (...))
8744 ourmark = ((LISTOP *)o)->op_first;
8745 if (!ourmark || ourmark->op_type != OP_PUSHMARK)
8748 ourlast = ((LISTOP *)o)->op_last;
8749 if (!ourlast || ourlast->op_next != o)
8752 rv2av = ourmark->op_sibling;
8753 if (rv2av && rv2av->op_type == OP_RV2AV && rv2av->op_sibling == 0
8754 && rv2av->op_flags == (OPf_WANT_LIST | OPf_KIDS)
8755 && enter->op_flags == (OPf_WANT_LIST | OPf_KIDS)) {
8756 /* We're just reversing a single array. */
8757 rv2av->op_flags = OPf_WANT_SCALAR | OPf_KIDS | OPf_REF;
8758 enter->op_flags |= OPf_STACKED;
8761 /* We don't have control over who points to theirmark, so sacrifice
8763 theirmark->op_next = ourmark->op_next;
8764 theirmark->op_flags = ourmark->op_flags;
8765 ourlast->op_next = gvop ? gvop : (OP *) enter;
8768 enter->op_private |= OPpITER_REVERSED;
8769 iter->op_private |= OPpITER_REVERSED;
8776 UNOP *refgen, *rv2cv;
8779 if ((o->op_flags & OPf_WANT) != OPf_WANT_VOID)
8782 if ((o->op_private & ~OPpASSIGN_BACKWARDS) != 2)
8785 rv2gv = ((BINOP *)o)->op_last;
8786 if (!rv2gv || rv2gv->op_type != OP_RV2GV)
8789 refgen = (UNOP *)((BINOP *)o)->op_first;
8791 if (!refgen || refgen->op_type != OP_REFGEN)
8794 exlist = (LISTOP *)refgen->op_first;
8795 if (!exlist || exlist->op_type != OP_NULL
8796 || exlist->op_targ != OP_LIST)
8799 if (exlist->op_first->op_type != OP_PUSHMARK)
8802 rv2cv = (UNOP*)exlist->op_last;
8804 if (rv2cv->op_type != OP_RV2CV)
8807 assert ((rv2gv->op_private & OPpDONT_INIT_GV) == 0);
8808 assert ((o->op_private & OPpASSIGN_CV_TO_GV) == 0);
8809 assert ((rv2cv->op_private & OPpMAY_RETURN_CONSTANT) == 0);
8811 o->op_private |= OPpASSIGN_CV_TO_GV;
8812 rv2gv->op_private |= OPpDONT_INIT_GV;
8813 rv2cv->op_private |= OPpMAY_RETURN_CONSTANT;
8821 if (!(cPMOP->op_pmflags & PMf_ONCE)) {
8822 assert (!cPMOP->op_pmstashstartu.op_pmreplstart);
8832 Perl_custom_op_name(pTHX_ const OP* o)
8835 const IV index = PTR2IV(o->op_ppaddr);
8839 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CUSTOM_OP_NAME;
8841 if (!PL_custom_op_names) /* This probably shouldn't happen */
8842 return (char *)PL_op_name[OP_CUSTOM];
8844 keysv = sv_2mortal(newSViv(index));
8846 he = hv_fetch_ent(PL_custom_op_names, keysv, 0, 0);
8848 return (char *)PL_op_name[OP_CUSTOM]; /* Don't know who you are */
8850 return SvPV_nolen(HeVAL(he));
8854 Perl_custom_op_desc(pTHX_ const OP* o)
8857 const IV index = PTR2IV(o->op_ppaddr);
8861 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CUSTOM_OP_DESC;
8863 if (!PL_custom_op_descs)
8864 return (char *)PL_op_desc[OP_CUSTOM];
8866 keysv = sv_2mortal(newSViv(index));
8868 he = hv_fetch_ent(PL_custom_op_descs, keysv, 0, 0);
8870 return (char *)PL_op_desc[OP_CUSTOM];
8872 return SvPV_nolen(HeVAL(he));
8877 /* Efficient sub that returns a constant scalar value. */
8879 const_sv_xsub(pTHX_ CV* cv)
8886 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "usage: %s::%s()",
8887 HvNAME_get(GvSTASH(CvGV(cv))), GvNAME(CvGV(cv)));
8891 ST(0) = (SV*)XSANY.any_ptr;
8897 * c-indentation-style: bsd
8899 * indent-tabs-mode: t
8902 * ex: set ts=8 sts=4 sw=4 noet: