3 * Copyright (C) 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000,
4 * 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008 by Larry Wall and others
6 * You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
7 * License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
12 * 'You see: Mr. Drogo, he married poor Miss Primula Brandybuck. She was
13 * our Mr. Bilbo's first cousin on the mother's side (her mother being the
14 * youngest of the Old Took's daughters); and Mr. Drogo was his second
15 * cousin. So Mr. Frodo is his first *and* second cousin, once removed
16 * either way, as the saying is, if you follow me.' --the Gaffer
18 * [p.23 of _The Lord of the Rings_, I/i: "A Long-Expected Party"]
21 /* This file contains the functions that create, manipulate and optimize
22 * the OP structures that hold a compiled perl program.
24 * A Perl program is compiled into a tree of OPs. Each op contains
25 * structural pointers (eg to its siblings and the next op in the
26 * execution sequence), a pointer to the function that would execute the
27 * op, plus any data specific to that op. For example, an OP_CONST op
28 * points to the pp_const() function and to an SV containing the constant
29 * value. When pp_const() is executed, its job is to push that SV onto the
32 * OPs are mainly created by the newFOO() functions, which are mainly
33 * called from the parser (in perly.y) as the code is parsed. For example
34 * the Perl code $a + $b * $c would cause the equivalent of the following
35 * to be called (oversimplifying a bit):
37 * newBINOP(OP_ADD, flags,
39 * newBINOP(OP_MULTIPLY, flags, newSVREF($b), newSVREF($c))
42 * Note that during the build of miniperl, a temporary copy of this file
43 * is made, called opmini.c.
47 Perl's compiler is essentially a 3-pass compiler with interleaved phases:
51 An execution-order pass
53 The bottom-up pass is represented by all the "newOP" routines and
54 the ck_ routines. The bottom-upness is actually driven by yacc.
55 So at the point that a ck_ routine fires, we have no idea what the
56 context is, either upward in the syntax tree, or either forward or
57 backward in the execution order. (The bottom-up parser builds that
58 part of the execution order it knows about, but if you follow the "next"
59 links around, you'll find it's actually a closed loop through the
62 Whenever the bottom-up parser gets to a node that supplies context to
63 its components, it invokes that portion of the top-down pass that applies
64 to that part of the subtree (and marks the top node as processed, so
65 if a node further up supplies context, it doesn't have to take the
66 plunge again). As a particular subcase of this, as the new node is
67 built, it takes all the closed execution loops of its subcomponents
68 and links them into a new closed loop for the higher level node. But
69 it's still not the real execution order.
71 The actual execution order is not known till we get a grammar reduction
72 to a top-level unit like a subroutine or file that will be called by
73 "name" rather than via a "next" pointer. At that point, we can call
74 into peep() to do that code's portion of the 3rd pass. It has to be
75 recursive, but it's recursive on basic blocks, not on tree nodes.
78 /* To implement user lexical pragmas, there needs to be a way at run time to
79 get the compile time state of %^H for that block. Storing %^H in every
80 block (or even COP) would be very expensive, so a different approach is
81 taken. The (running) state of %^H is serialised into a tree of HE-like
82 structs. Stores into %^H are chained onto the current leaf as a struct
83 refcounted_he * with the key and the value. Deletes from %^H are saved
84 with a value of PL_sv_placeholder. The state of %^H at any point can be
85 turned back into a regular HV by walking back up the tree from that point's
86 leaf, ignoring any key you've already seen (placeholder or not), storing
87 the rest into the HV structure, then removing the placeholders. Hence
88 memory is only used to store the %^H deltas from the enclosing COP, rather
89 than the entire %^H on each COP.
91 To cause actions on %^H to write out the serialisation records, it has
92 magic type 'H'. This magic (itself) does nothing, but its presence causes
93 the values to gain magic type 'h', which has entries for set and clear.
94 C<Perl_magic_sethint> updates C<PL_compiling.cop_hints_hash> with a store
95 record, with deletes written by C<Perl_magic_clearhint>. C<SAVEHINTS>
96 saves the current C<PL_compiling.cop_hints_hash> on the save stack, so that
97 it will be correctly restored when any inner compiling scope is exited.
103 #include "keywords.h"
105 #define CALL_PEEP(o) CALL_FPTR(PL_peepp)(aTHX_ o)
107 #if defined(PL_OP_SLAB_ALLOC)
109 #ifdef PERL_DEBUG_READONLY_OPS
110 # define PERL_SLAB_SIZE 4096
111 # include <sys/mman.h>
114 #ifndef PERL_SLAB_SIZE
115 #define PERL_SLAB_SIZE 2048
119 Perl_Slab_Alloc(pTHX_ size_t sz)
123 * To make incrementing use count easy PL_OpSlab is an I32 *
124 * To make inserting the link to slab PL_OpPtr is I32 **
125 * So compute size in units of sizeof(I32 *) as that is how Pl_OpPtr increments
126 * Add an overhead for pointer to slab and round up as a number of pointers
128 sz = (sz + 2*sizeof(I32 *) -1)/sizeof(I32 *);
129 if ((PL_OpSpace -= sz) < 0) {
130 #ifdef PERL_DEBUG_READONLY_OPS
131 /* We need to allocate chunk by chunk so that we can control the VM
133 PL_OpPtr = (I32**) mmap(0, PERL_SLAB_SIZE*sizeof(I32*), PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE,
134 MAP_ANON|MAP_PRIVATE, -1, 0);
136 DEBUG_m(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "mapped %lu at %p\n",
137 (unsigned long) PERL_SLAB_SIZE*sizeof(I32*),
139 if(PL_OpPtr == MAP_FAILED) {
140 perror("mmap failed");
145 PL_OpPtr = (I32 **) PerlMemShared_calloc(PERL_SLAB_SIZE,sizeof(I32*));
150 /* We reserve the 0'th I32 sized chunk as a use count */
151 PL_OpSlab = (I32 *) PL_OpPtr;
152 /* Reduce size by the use count word, and by the size we need.
153 * Latter is to mimic the '-=' in the if() above
155 PL_OpSpace = PERL_SLAB_SIZE - (sizeof(I32)+sizeof(I32 **)-1)/sizeof(I32 **) - sz;
156 /* Allocation pointer starts at the top.
157 Theory: because we build leaves before trunk allocating at end
158 means that at run time access is cache friendly upward
160 PL_OpPtr += PERL_SLAB_SIZE;
162 #ifdef PERL_DEBUG_READONLY_OPS
163 /* We remember this slab. */
164 /* This implementation isn't efficient, but it is simple. */
165 PL_slabs = (I32**) realloc(PL_slabs, sizeof(I32**) * (PL_slab_count + 1));
166 PL_slabs[PL_slab_count++] = PL_OpSlab;
167 DEBUG_m(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "Allocate %p\n", PL_OpSlab));
170 assert( PL_OpSpace >= 0 );
171 /* Move the allocation pointer down */
173 assert( PL_OpPtr > (I32 **) PL_OpSlab );
174 *PL_OpPtr = PL_OpSlab; /* Note which slab it belongs to */
175 (*PL_OpSlab)++; /* Increment use count of slab */
176 assert( PL_OpPtr+sz <= ((I32 **) PL_OpSlab + PERL_SLAB_SIZE) );
177 assert( *PL_OpSlab > 0 );
178 return (void *)(PL_OpPtr + 1);
181 #ifdef PERL_DEBUG_READONLY_OPS
183 Perl_pending_Slabs_to_ro(pTHX) {
184 /* Turn all the allocated op slabs read only. */
185 U32 count = PL_slab_count;
186 I32 **const slabs = PL_slabs;
188 /* Reset the array of pending OP slabs, as we're about to turn this lot
189 read only. Also, do it ahead of the loop in case the warn triggers,
190 and a warn handler has an eval */
195 /* Force a new slab for any further allocation. */
199 void *const start = slabs[count];
200 const size_t size = PERL_SLAB_SIZE* sizeof(I32*);
201 if(mprotect(start, size, PROT_READ)) {
202 Perl_warn(aTHX_ "mprotect for %p %lu failed with %d",
203 start, (unsigned long) size, errno);
211 S_Slab_to_rw(pTHX_ void *op)
213 I32 * const * const ptr = (I32 **) op;
214 I32 * const slab = ptr[-1];
216 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_SLAB_TO_RW;
218 assert( ptr-1 > (I32 **) slab );
219 assert( ptr < ( (I32 **) slab + PERL_SLAB_SIZE) );
221 if(mprotect(slab, PERL_SLAB_SIZE*sizeof(I32*), PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE)) {
222 Perl_warn(aTHX_ "mprotect RW for %p %lu failed with %d",
223 slab, (unsigned long) PERL_SLAB_SIZE*sizeof(I32*), errno);
228 Perl_op_refcnt_inc(pTHX_ OP *o)
239 Perl_op_refcnt_dec(pTHX_ OP *o)
241 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_OP_REFCNT_DEC;
246 # define Slab_to_rw(op)
250 Perl_Slab_Free(pTHX_ void *op)
252 I32 * const * const ptr = (I32 **) op;
253 I32 * const slab = ptr[-1];
254 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_SLAB_FREE;
255 assert( ptr-1 > (I32 **) slab );
256 assert( ptr < ( (I32 **) slab + PERL_SLAB_SIZE) );
259 if (--(*slab) == 0) {
261 # define PerlMemShared PerlMem
264 #ifdef PERL_DEBUG_READONLY_OPS
265 U32 count = PL_slab_count;
266 /* Need to remove this slab from our list of slabs */
269 if (PL_slabs[count] == slab) {
271 /* Found it. Move the entry at the end to overwrite it. */
272 DEBUG_m(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
273 "Deallocate %p by moving %p from %lu to %lu\n",
275 PL_slabs[PL_slab_count - 1],
276 PL_slab_count, count));
277 PL_slabs[count] = PL_slabs[--PL_slab_count];
278 /* Could realloc smaller at this point, but probably not
280 if(munmap(slab, PERL_SLAB_SIZE*sizeof(I32*))) {
281 perror("munmap failed");
289 PerlMemShared_free(slab);
291 if (slab == PL_OpSlab) {
298 * In the following definition, the ", (OP*)0" is just to make the compiler
299 * think the expression is of the right type: croak actually does a Siglongjmp.
301 #define CHECKOP(type,o) \
302 ((PL_op_mask && PL_op_mask[type]) \
303 ? ( op_free((OP*)o), \
304 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "'%s' trapped by operation mask", PL_op_desc[type]), \
306 : CALL_FPTR(PL_check[type])(aTHX_ (OP*)o))
308 #define RETURN_UNLIMITED_NUMBER (PERL_INT_MAX / 2)
311 S_gv_ename(pTHX_ GV *gv)
313 SV* const tmpsv = sv_newmortal();
315 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_ENAME;
317 gv_efullname3(tmpsv, gv, NULL);
318 return SvPV_nolen_const(tmpsv);
322 S_no_fh_allowed(pTHX_ OP *o)
324 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_NO_FH_ALLOWED;
326 yyerror(Perl_form(aTHX_ "Missing comma after first argument to %s function",
332 S_too_few_arguments(pTHX_ OP *o, const char *name)
334 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_TOO_FEW_ARGUMENTS;
336 yyerror(Perl_form(aTHX_ "Not enough arguments for %s", name));
341 S_too_many_arguments(pTHX_ OP *o, const char *name)
343 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_TOO_MANY_ARGUMENTS;
345 yyerror(Perl_form(aTHX_ "Too many arguments for %s", name));
350 S_bad_type(pTHX_ I32 n, const char *t, const char *name, const OP *kid)
352 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_BAD_TYPE;
354 yyerror(Perl_form(aTHX_ "Type of arg %d to %s must be %s (not %s)",
355 (int)n, name, t, OP_DESC(kid)));
359 S_no_bareword_allowed(pTHX_ const OP *o)
361 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_NO_BAREWORD_ALLOWED;
364 return; /* various ok barewords are hidden in extra OP_NULL */
365 qerror(Perl_mess(aTHX_
366 "Bareword \"%"SVf"\" not allowed while \"strict subs\" in use",
370 /* "register" allocation */
373 Perl_allocmy(pTHX_ const char *const name)
377 const bool is_our = (PL_parser->in_my == KEY_our);
379 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_ALLOCMY;
381 /* complain about "my $<special_var>" etc etc */
385 (USE_UTF8_IN_NAMES && UTF8_IS_START(name[1])) ||
386 (name[1] == '_' && (*name == '$' || name[2]))))
388 /* name[2] is true if strlen(name) > 2 */
389 if (!isPRINT(name[1]) || strchr("\t\n\r\f", name[1])) {
390 yyerror(Perl_form(aTHX_ "Can't use global %c^%c%s in \"%s\"",
391 name[0], toCTRL(name[1]), name + 2,
392 PL_parser->in_my == KEY_state ? "state" : "my"));
394 yyerror(Perl_form(aTHX_ "Can't use global %s in \"%s\"",name,
395 PL_parser->in_my == KEY_state ? "state" : "my"));
399 /* check for duplicate declaration */
400 pad_check_dup(name, is_our, (PL_curstash ? PL_curstash : PL_defstash));
402 if (PL_parser->in_my_stash && *name != '$') {
403 yyerror(Perl_form(aTHX_
404 "Can't declare class for non-scalar %s in \"%s\"",
407 : PL_parser->in_my == KEY_state ? "state" : "my"));
410 /* allocate a spare slot and store the name in that slot */
412 off = pad_add_name(name,
413 PL_parser->in_my_stash,
415 /* $_ is always in main::, even with our */
416 ? (PL_curstash && !strEQ(name,"$_") ? PL_curstash : PL_defstash)
420 PL_parser->in_my == KEY_state
422 /* anon sub prototypes contains state vars should always be cloned,
423 * otherwise the state var would be shared between anon subs */
425 if (PL_parser->in_my == KEY_state && CvANON(PL_compcv))
426 CvCLONE_on(PL_compcv);
431 /* free the body of an op without examining its contents.
432 * Always use this rather than FreeOp directly */
435 S_op_destroy(pTHX_ OP *o)
437 if (o->op_latefree) {
445 # define forget_pmop(a,b) S_forget_pmop(aTHX_ a,b)
447 # define forget_pmop(a,b) S_forget_pmop(aTHX_ a)
453 Perl_op_free(pTHX_ OP *o)
460 if (o->op_latefreed) {
467 if (o->op_private & OPpREFCOUNTED) {
478 refcnt = OpREFCNT_dec(o);
481 /* Need to find and remove any pattern match ops from the list
482 we maintain for reset(). */
483 find_and_forget_pmops(o);
493 if (o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) {
494 register OP *kid, *nextkid;
495 for (kid = cUNOPo->op_first; kid; kid = nextkid) {
496 nextkid = kid->op_sibling; /* Get before next freeing kid */
501 #ifdef PERL_DEBUG_READONLY_OPS
505 /* COP* is not cleared by op_clear() so that we may track line
506 * numbers etc even after null() */
507 if (type == OP_NEXTSTATE || type == OP_DBSTATE
508 || (type == OP_NULL /* the COP might have been null'ed */
509 && ((OPCODE)o->op_targ == OP_NEXTSTATE
510 || (OPCODE)o->op_targ == OP_DBSTATE))) {
515 type = (OPCODE)o->op_targ;
518 if (o->op_latefree) {
524 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS
531 Perl_op_clear(pTHX_ OP *o)
536 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_OP_CLEAR;
539 /* if (o->op_madprop && o->op_madprop->mad_next)
541 /* FIXME for MAD - if I uncomment these two lines t/op/pack.t fails with
542 "modification of a read only value" for a reason I can't fathom why.
543 It's the "" stringification of $_, where $_ was set to '' in a foreach
544 loop, but it defies simplification into a small test case.
545 However, commenting them out has caused ext/List/Util/t/weak.t to fail
548 mad_free(o->op_madprop);
554 switch (o->op_type) {
555 case OP_NULL: /* Was holding old type, if any. */
556 if (PL_madskills && o->op_targ != OP_NULL) {
557 o->op_type = (Optype)o->op_targ;
561 case OP_ENTEREVAL: /* Was holding hints. */
565 if (!(o->op_flags & OPf_REF)
566 || (PL_check[o->op_type] != MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_ck_ftst)))
572 if (! (o->op_type == OP_AELEMFAST && o->op_flags & OPf_SPECIAL)) {
573 /* not an OP_PADAV replacement */
575 if (cPADOPo->op_padix > 0) {
576 /* No GvIN_PAD_off(cGVOPo_gv) here, because other references
577 * may still exist on the pad */
578 pad_swipe(cPADOPo->op_padix, TRUE);
579 cPADOPo->op_padix = 0;
582 SvREFCNT_dec(cSVOPo->op_sv);
583 cSVOPo->op_sv = NULL;
587 case OP_METHOD_NAMED:
590 SvREFCNT_dec(cSVOPo->op_sv);
591 cSVOPo->op_sv = NULL;
594 Even if op_clear does a pad_free for the target of the op,
595 pad_free doesn't actually remove the sv that exists in the pad;
596 instead it lives on. This results in that it could be reused as
597 a target later on when the pad was reallocated.
600 pad_swipe(o->op_targ,1);
609 if (o->op_flags & (OPf_SPECIAL|OPf_STACKED|OPf_KIDS))
613 if (o->op_private & (OPpTRANS_FROM_UTF|OPpTRANS_TO_UTF)) {
615 if (cPADOPo->op_padix > 0) {
616 pad_swipe(cPADOPo->op_padix, TRUE);
617 cPADOPo->op_padix = 0;
620 SvREFCNT_dec(cSVOPo->op_sv);
621 cSVOPo->op_sv = NULL;
625 PerlMemShared_free(cPVOPo->op_pv);
626 cPVOPo->op_pv = NULL;
630 op_free(cPMOPo->op_pmreplrootu.op_pmreplroot);
634 if (cPMOPo->op_pmreplrootu.op_pmtargetoff) {
635 /* No GvIN_PAD_off here, because other references may still
636 * exist on the pad */
637 pad_swipe(cPMOPo->op_pmreplrootu.op_pmtargetoff, TRUE);
640 SvREFCNT_dec(MUTABLE_SV(cPMOPo->op_pmreplrootu.op_pmtargetgv));
646 forget_pmop(cPMOPo, 1);
647 cPMOPo->op_pmreplrootu.op_pmreplroot = NULL;
648 /* we use the same protection as the "SAFE" version of the PM_ macros
649 * here since sv_clean_all might release some PMOPs
650 * after PL_regex_padav has been cleared
651 * and the clearing of PL_regex_padav needs to
652 * happen before sv_clean_all
655 if(PL_regex_pad) { /* We could be in destruction */
656 const IV offset = (cPMOPo)->op_pmoffset;
657 ReREFCNT_dec(PM_GETRE(cPMOPo));
658 PL_regex_pad[offset] = &PL_sv_undef;
659 sv_catpvn_nomg(PL_regex_pad[0], (const char *)&offset,
663 ReREFCNT_dec(PM_GETRE(cPMOPo));
664 PM_SETRE(cPMOPo, NULL);
670 if (o->op_targ > 0) {
671 pad_free(o->op_targ);
677 S_cop_free(pTHX_ COP* cop)
679 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_COP_FREE;
683 if (! specialWARN(cop->cop_warnings))
684 PerlMemShared_free(cop->cop_warnings);
685 Perl_refcounted_he_free(aTHX_ cop->cop_hints_hash);
689 S_forget_pmop(pTHX_ PMOP *const o
695 HV * const pmstash = PmopSTASH(o);
697 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_FORGET_PMOP;
699 if (pmstash && !SvIS_FREED(pmstash)) {
700 MAGIC * const mg = mg_find((const SV *)pmstash, PERL_MAGIC_symtab);
702 PMOP **const array = (PMOP**) mg->mg_ptr;
703 U32 count = mg->mg_len / sizeof(PMOP**);
708 /* Found it. Move the entry at the end to overwrite it. */
709 array[i] = array[--count];
710 mg->mg_len = count * sizeof(PMOP**);
711 /* Could realloc smaller at this point always, but probably
712 not worth it. Probably worth free()ing if we're the
715 Safefree(mg->mg_ptr);
732 S_find_and_forget_pmops(pTHX_ OP *o)
734 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_FIND_AND_FORGET_PMOPS;
736 if (o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) {
737 OP *kid = cUNOPo->op_first;
739 switch (kid->op_type) {
744 forget_pmop((PMOP*)kid, 0);
746 find_and_forget_pmops(kid);
747 kid = kid->op_sibling;
753 Perl_op_null(pTHX_ OP *o)
757 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_OP_NULL;
759 if (o->op_type == OP_NULL)
763 o->op_targ = o->op_type;
764 o->op_type = OP_NULL;
765 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_NULL];
769 Perl_op_refcnt_lock(pTHX)
777 Perl_op_refcnt_unlock(pTHX)
784 /* Contextualizers */
786 #define LINKLIST(o) ((o)->op_next ? (o)->op_next : linklist((OP*)o))
789 S_linklist(pTHX_ OP *o)
793 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_LINKLIST;
798 /* establish postfix order */
799 first = cUNOPo->op_first;
802 o->op_next = LINKLIST(first);
805 if (kid->op_sibling) {
806 kid->op_next = LINKLIST(kid->op_sibling);
807 kid = kid->op_sibling;
821 S_scalarkids(pTHX_ OP *o)
823 if (o && o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) {
825 for (kid = cLISTOPo->op_first; kid; kid = kid->op_sibling)
832 S_scalarboolean(pTHX_ OP *o)
836 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_SCALARBOOLEAN;
838 if (o->op_type == OP_SASSIGN && cBINOPo->op_first->op_type == OP_CONST) {
839 if (ckWARN(WARN_SYNTAX)) {
840 const line_t oldline = CopLINE(PL_curcop);
842 if (PL_parser && PL_parser->copline != NOLINE)
843 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, PL_parser->copline);
844 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_SYNTAX), "Found = in conditional, should be ==");
845 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
852 Perl_scalar(pTHX_ OP *o)
857 /* assumes no premature commitment */
858 if (!o || (PL_parser && PL_parser->error_count)
859 || (o->op_flags & OPf_WANT)
860 || o->op_type == OP_RETURN)
865 o->op_flags = (o->op_flags & ~OPf_WANT) | OPf_WANT_SCALAR;
867 switch (o->op_type) {
869 scalar(cBINOPo->op_first);
874 for (kid = cUNOPo->op_first->op_sibling; kid; kid = kid->op_sibling)
878 if ((kid = cLISTOPo->op_first) && kid->op_type == OP_PUSHRE) {
879 if (!kPMOP->op_pmreplrootu.op_pmreplroot)
880 deprecate_old("implicit split to @_");
888 if (o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) {
889 for (kid = cUNOPo->op_first; kid; kid = kid->op_sibling)
895 kid = cLISTOPo->op_first;
897 while ((kid = kid->op_sibling)) {
903 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
908 for (kid = cLISTOPo->op_first; kid; kid = kid->op_sibling) {
914 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
917 if (ckWARN(WARN_VOID))
918 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_VOID), "Useless use of sort in scalar context");
925 Perl_scalarvoid(pTHX_ OP *o)
929 const char* useless = NULL;
933 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_SCALARVOID;
935 /* trailing mad null ops don't count as "there" for void processing */
937 o->op_type != OP_NULL &&
939 o->op_sibling->op_type == OP_NULL)
942 for (sib = o->op_sibling;
943 sib && sib->op_type == OP_NULL;
944 sib = sib->op_sibling) ;
950 if (o->op_type == OP_NEXTSTATE
951 || o->op_type == OP_DBSTATE
952 || (o->op_type == OP_NULL && (o->op_targ == OP_NEXTSTATE
953 || o->op_targ == OP_DBSTATE)))
954 PL_curcop = (COP*)o; /* for warning below */
956 /* assumes no premature commitment */
957 want = o->op_flags & OPf_WANT;
958 if ((want && want != OPf_WANT_SCALAR)
959 || (PL_parser && PL_parser->error_count)
960 || o->op_type == OP_RETURN)
965 if ((o->op_private & OPpTARGET_MY)
966 && (PL_opargs[o->op_type] & OA_TARGLEX))/* OPp share the meaning */
968 return scalar(o); /* As if inside SASSIGN */
971 o->op_flags = (o->op_flags & ~OPf_WANT) | OPf_WANT_VOID;
973 switch (o->op_type) {
975 if (!(PL_opargs[o->op_type] & OA_FOLDCONST))
979 if (o->op_flags & OPf_STACKED)
983 if (o->op_private == 4)
1026 case OP_GETSOCKNAME:
1027 case OP_GETPEERNAME:
1032 case OP_GETPRIORITY:
1056 if (!(o->op_private & (OPpLVAL_INTRO|OPpOUR_INTRO)))
1057 /* Otherwise it's "Useless use of grep iterator" */
1058 useless = OP_DESC(o);
1062 kid = cUNOPo->op_first;
1063 if (kid->op_type != OP_MATCH && kid->op_type != OP_SUBST &&
1064 kid->op_type != OP_TRANS) {
1067 useless = "negative pattern binding (!~)";
1074 if (!(o->op_private & (OPpLVAL_INTRO|OPpOUR_INTRO)) &&
1075 (!o->op_sibling || o->op_sibling->op_type != OP_READLINE))
1076 useless = "a variable";
1081 if (cSVOPo->op_private & OPpCONST_STRICT)
1082 no_bareword_allowed(o);
1084 if (ckWARN(WARN_VOID)) {
1086 SV* msv = sv_2mortal(Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_
1087 "a constant (%"SVf")", sv));
1088 useless = SvPV_nolen(msv);
1091 useless = "a constant (undef)";
1092 if (o->op_private & OPpCONST_ARYBASE)
1094 /* don't warn on optimised away booleans, eg
1095 * use constant Foo, 5; Foo || print; */
1096 if (cSVOPo->op_private & OPpCONST_SHORTCIRCUIT)
1098 /* the constants 0 and 1 are permitted as they are
1099 conventionally used as dummies in constructs like
1100 1 while some_condition_with_side_effects; */
1101 else if (SvNIOK(sv) && (SvNV(sv) == 0.0 || SvNV(sv) == 1.0))
1103 else if (SvPOK(sv)) {
1104 /* perl4's way of mixing documentation and code
1105 (before the invention of POD) was based on a
1106 trick to mix nroff and perl code. The trick was
1107 built upon these three nroff macros being used in
1108 void context. The pink camel has the details in
1109 the script wrapman near page 319. */
1110 const char * const maybe_macro = SvPVX_const(sv);
1111 if (strnEQ(maybe_macro, "di", 2) ||
1112 strnEQ(maybe_macro, "ds", 2) ||
1113 strnEQ(maybe_macro, "ig", 2))
1118 op_null(o); /* don't execute or even remember it */
1122 o->op_type = OP_PREINC; /* pre-increment is faster */
1123 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_PREINC];
1127 o->op_type = OP_PREDEC; /* pre-decrement is faster */
1128 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_PREDEC];
1132 o->op_type = OP_I_PREINC; /* pre-increment is faster */
1133 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_I_PREINC];
1137 o->op_type = OP_I_PREDEC; /* pre-decrement is faster */
1138 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_I_PREDEC];
1143 kid = cLOGOPo->op_first;
1144 if (kid->op_type == OP_NOT
1145 && (kid->op_flags & OPf_KIDS)
1147 if (o->op_type == OP_AND) {
1149 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_OR];
1151 o->op_type = OP_AND;
1152 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_AND];
1161 for (kid = cUNOPo->op_first->op_sibling; kid; kid = kid->op_sibling)
1166 if (o->op_flags & OPf_STACKED)
1173 if (!(o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS))
1184 for (kid = cLISTOPo->op_first; kid; kid = kid->op_sibling)
1191 /* all requires must return a boolean value */
1192 o->op_flags &= ~OPf_WANT;
1197 if ((kid = cLISTOPo->op_first) && kid->op_type == OP_PUSHRE) {
1198 if (!kPMOP->op_pmreplrootu.op_pmreplroot)
1199 deprecate_old("implicit split to @_");
1203 if (useless && ckWARN(WARN_VOID))
1204 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_VOID), "Useless use of %s in void context", useless);
1209 S_listkids(pTHX_ OP *o)
1211 if (o && o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) {
1213 for (kid = cLISTOPo->op_first; kid; kid = kid->op_sibling)
1220 Perl_list(pTHX_ OP *o)
1225 /* assumes no premature commitment */
1226 if (!o || (o->op_flags & OPf_WANT)
1227 || (PL_parser && PL_parser->error_count)
1228 || o->op_type == OP_RETURN)
1233 if ((o->op_private & OPpTARGET_MY)
1234 && (PL_opargs[o->op_type] & OA_TARGLEX))/* OPp share the meaning */
1236 return o; /* As if inside SASSIGN */
1239 o->op_flags = (o->op_flags & ~OPf_WANT) | OPf_WANT_LIST;
1241 switch (o->op_type) {
1244 list(cBINOPo->op_first);
1249 for (kid = cUNOPo->op_first->op_sibling; kid; kid = kid->op_sibling)
1257 if (!(o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS))
1259 if (!o->op_next && cUNOPo->op_first->op_type == OP_FLOP) {
1260 list(cBINOPo->op_first);
1261 return gen_constant_list(o);
1268 kid = cLISTOPo->op_first;
1270 while ((kid = kid->op_sibling)) {
1271 if (kid->op_sibling)
1276 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
1280 for (kid = cLISTOPo->op_first; kid; kid = kid->op_sibling) {
1281 if (kid->op_sibling)
1286 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
1289 /* all requires must return a boolean value */
1290 o->op_flags &= ~OPf_WANT;
1297 S_scalarseq(pTHX_ OP *o)
1301 const OPCODE type = o->op_type;
1303 if (type == OP_LINESEQ || type == OP_SCOPE ||
1304 type == OP_LEAVE || type == OP_LEAVETRY)
1307 for (kid = cLISTOPo->op_first; kid; kid = kid->op_sibling) {
1308 if (kid->op_sibling) {
1312 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
1314 o->op_flags &= ~OPf_PARENS;
1315 if (PL_hints & HINT_BLOCK_SCOPE)
1316 o->op_flags |= OPf_PARENS;
1319 o = newOP(OP_STUB, 0);
1324 S_modkids(pTHX_ OP *o, I32 type)
1326 if (o && o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) {
1328 for (kid = cLISTOPo->op_first; kid; kid = kid->op_sibling)
1334 /* Propagate lvalue ("modifiable") context to an op and its children.
1335 * 'type' represents the context type, roughly based on the type of op that
1336 * would do the modifying, although local() is represented by OP_NULL.
1337 * It's responsible for detecting things that can't be modified, flag
1338 * things that need to behave specially in an lvalue context (e.g., "$$x = 5"
1339 * might have to vivify a reference in $x), and so on.
1341 * For example, "$a+1 = 2" would cause mod() to be called with o being
1342 * OP_ADD and type being OP_SASSIGN, and would output an error.
1346 Perl_mod(pTHX_ OP *o, I32 type)
1350 /* -1 = error on localize, 0 = ignore localize, 1 = ok to localize */
1353 if (!o || (PL_parser && PL_parser->error_count))
1356 if ((o->op_private & OPpTARGET_MY)
1357 && (PL_opargs[o->op_type] & OA_TARGLEX))/* OPp share the meaning */
1362 switch (o->op_type) {
1368 if (!(o->op_private & OPpCONST_ARYBASE))
1371 if (PL_eval_start && PL_eval_start->op_type == OP_CONST) {
1372 CopARYBASE_set(&PL_compiling,
1373 (I32)SvIV(cSVOPx(PL_eval_start)->op_sv));
1377 SAVECOPARYBASE(&PL_compiling);
1378 CopARYBASE_set(&PL_compiling, 0);
1380 else if (type == OP_REFGEN)
1383 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "That use of $[ is unsupported");
1386 if ((o->op_flags & OPf_PARENS) || PL_madskills)
1390 if ((type == OP_UNDEF || type == OP_REFGEN) &&
1391 !(o->op_flags & OPf_STACKED)) {
1392 o->op_type = OP_RV2CV; /* entersub => rv2cv */
1393 /* The default is to set op_private to the number of children,
1394 which for a UNOP such as RV2CV is always 1. And w're using
1395 the bit for a flag in RV2CV, so we need it clear. */
1396 o->op_private &= ~1;
1397 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_RV2CV];
1398 assert(cUNOPo->op_first->op_type == OP_NULL);
1399 op_null(((LISTOP*)cUNOPo->op_first)->op_first);/* disable pushmark */
1402 else if (o->op_private & OPpENTERSUB_NOMOD)
1404 else { /* lvalue subroutine call */
1405 o->op_private |= OPpLVAL_INTRO;
1406 PL_modcount = RETURN_UNLIMITED_NUMBER;
1407 if (type == OP_GREPSTART || type == OP_ENTERSUB || type == OP_REFGEN) {
1408 /* Backward compatibility mode: */
1409 o->op_private |= OPpENTERSUB_INARGS;
1412 else { /* Compile-time error message: */
1413 OP *kid = cUNOPo->op_first;
1417 if (kid->op_type != OP_PUSHMARK) {
1418 if (kid->op_type != OP_NULL || kid->op_targ != OP_LIST)
1420 "panic: unexpected lvalue entersub "
1421 "args: type/targ %ld:%"UVuf,
1422 (long)kid->op_type, (UV)kid->op_targ);
1423 kid = kLISTOP->op_first;
1425 while (kid->op_sibling)
1426 kid = kid->op_sibling;
1427 if (!(kid->op_type == OP_NULL && kid->op_targ == OP_RV2CV)) {
1429 if (kid->op_type == OP_METHOD_NAMED
1430 || kid->op_type == OP_METHOD)
1434 NewOp(1101, newop, 1, UNOP);
1435 newop->op_type = OP_RV2CV;
1436 newop->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_RV2CV];
1437 newop->op_first = NULL;
1438 newop->op_next = (OP*)newop;
1439 kid->op_sibling = (OP*)newop;
1440 newop->op_private |= OPpLVAL_INTRO;
1441 newop->op_private &= ~1;
1445 if (kid->op_type != OP_RV2CV)
1447 "panic: unexpected lvalue entersub "
1448 "entry via type/targ %ld:%"UVuf,
1449 (long)kid->op_type, (UV)kid->op_targ);
1450 kid->op_private |= OPpLVAL_INTRO;
1451 break; /* Postpone until runtime */
1455 kid = kUNOP->op_first;
1456 if (kid->op_type == OP_NULL && kid->op_targ == OP_RV2SV)
1457 kid = kUNOP->op_first;
1458 if (kid->op_type == OP_NULL)
1460 "Unexpected constant lvalue entersub "
1461 "entry via type/targ %ld:%"UVuf,
1462 (long)kid->op_type, (UV)kid->op_targ);
1463 if (kid->op_type != OP_GV) {
1464 /* Restore RV2CV to check lvalueness */
1466 if (kid->op_next && kid->op_next != kid) { /* Happens? */
1467 okid->op_next = kid->op_next;
1468 kid->op_next = okid;
1471 okid->op_next = NULL;
1472 okid->op_type = OP_RV2CV;
1474 okid->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_RV2CV];
1475 okid->op_private |= OPpLVAL_INTRO;
1476 okid->op_private &= ~1;
1480 cv = GvCV(kGVOP_gv);
1490 /* grep, foreach, subcalls, refgen */
1491 if (type == OP_GREPSTART || type == OP_ENTERSUB || type == OP_REFGEN)
1493 yyerror(Perl_form(aTHX_ "Can't modify %s in %s",
1494 (o->op_type == OP_NULL && (o->op_flags & OPf_SPECIAL)
1496 : (o->op_type == OP_ENTERSUB
1497 ? "non-lvalue subroutine call"
1499 type ? PL_op_desc[type] : "local"));
1513 case OP_RIGHT_SHIFT:
1522 if (!(o->op_flags & OPf_STACKED))
1529 for (kid = cUNOPo->op_first->op_sibling; kid; kid = kid->op_sibling)
1535 if (type == OP_REFGEN && o->op_flags & OPf_PARENS) {
1536 PL_modcount = RETURN_UNLIMITED_NUMBER;
1537 return o; /* Treat \(@foo) like ordinary list. */
1541 if (scalar_mod_type(o, type))
1543 ref(cUNOPo->op_first, o->op_type);
1547 if (type == OP_LEAVESUBLV)
1548 o->op_private |= OPpMAYBE_LVSUB;
1554 PL_modcount = RETURN_UNLIMITED_NUMBER;
1557 ref(cUNOPo->op_first, o->op_type);
1562 PL_hints |= HINT_BLOCK_SCOPE;
1577 PL_modcount = RETURN_UNLIMITED_NUMBER;
1578 if (type == OP_REFGEN && o->op_flags & OPf_PARENS)
1579 return o; /* Treat \(@foo) like ordinary list. */
1580 if (scalar_mod_type(o, type))
1582 if (type == OP_LEAVESUBLV)
1583 o->op_private |= OPpMAYBE_LVSUB;
1587 if (!type) /* local() */
1588 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't localize lexical variable %s",
1589 PAD_COMPNAME_PV(o->op_targ));
1597 if (type != OP_SASSIGN)
1601 if (o->op_private == 4) /* don't allow 4 arg substr as lvalue */
1606 if (type == OP_LEAVESUBLV)
1607 o->op_private |= OPpMAYBE_LVSUB;
1609 pad_free(o->op_targ);
1610 o->op_targ = pad_alloc(o->op_type, SVs_PADMY);
1611 assert(SvTYPE(PAD_SV(o->op_targ)) == SVt_NULL);
1612 if (o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS)
1613 mod(cBINOPo->op_first->op_sibling, type);
1618 ref(cBINOPo->op_first, o->op_type);
1619 if (type == OP_ENTERSUB &&
1620 !(o->op_private & (OPpLVAL_INTRO | OPpDEREF)))
1621 o->op_private |= OPpLVAL_DEFER;
1622 if (type == OP_LEAVESUBLV)
1623 o->op_private |= OPpMAYBE_LVSUB;
1633 if (o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS)
1634 mod(cLISTOPo->op_last, type);
1639 if (o->op_flags & OPf_SPECIAL) /* do BLOCK */
1641 else if (!(o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS))
1643 if (o->op_targ != OP_LIST) {
1644 mod(cBINOPo->op_first, type);
1650 for (kid = cLISTOPo->op_first; kid; kid = kid->op_sibling)
1655 if (type != OP_LEAVESUBLV)
1657 break; /* mod()ing was handled by ck_return() */
1660 /* [20011101.069] File test operators interpret OPf_REF to mean that
1661 their argument is a filehandle; thus \stat(".") should not set
1663 if (type == OP_REFGEN &&
1664 PL_check[o->op_type] == MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_ck_ftst))
1667 if (type != OP_LEAVESUBLV)
1668 o->op_flags |= OPf_MOD;
1670 if (type == OP_AASSIGN || type == OP_SASSIGN)
1671 o->op_flags |= OPf_SPECIAL|OPf_REF;
1672 else if (!type) { /* local() */
1675 o->op_private |= OPpLVAL_INTRO;
1676 o->op_flags &= ~OPf_SPECIAL;
1677 PL_hints |= HINT_BLOCK_SCOPE;
1682 if (ckWARN(WARN_SYNTAX)) {
1683 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_SYNTAX),
1684 "Useless localization of %s", OP_DESC(o));
1688 else if (type != OP_GREPSTART && type != OP_ENTERSUB
1689 && type != OP_LEAVESUBLV)
1690 o->op_flags |= OPf_REF;
1695 S_scalar_mod_type(const OP *o, I32 type)
1697 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_SCALAR_MOD_TYPE;
1701 if (o->op_type == OP_RV2GV)
1725 case OP_RIGHT_SHIFT:
1745 S_is_handle_constructor(const OP *o, I32 numargs)
1747 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_IS_HANDLE_CONSTRUCTOR;
1749 switch (o->op_type) {
1757 case OP_SELECT: /* XXX c.f. SelectSaver.pm */
1770 S_refkids(pTHX_ OP *o, I32 type)
1772 if (o && o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) {
1774 for (kid = cLISTOPo->op_first; kid; kid = kid->op_sibling)
1781 Perl_doref(pTHX_ OP *o, I32 type, bool set_op_ref)
1786 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_DOREF;
1788 if (!o || (PL_parser && PL_parser->error_count))
1791 switch (o->op_type) {
1793 if ((type == OP_EXISTS || type == OP_DEFINED || type == OP_LOCK) &&
1794 !(o->op_flags & OPf_STACKED)) {
1795 o->op_type = OP_RV2CV; /* entersub => rv2cv */
1796 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_RV2CV];
1797 assert(cUNOPo->op_first->op_type == OP_NULL);
1798 op_null(((LISTOP*)cUNOPo->op_first)->op_first); /* disable pushmark */
1799 o->op_flags |= OPf_SPECIAL;
1800 o->op_private &= ~1;
1805 for (kid = cUNOPo->op_first->op_sibling; kid; kid = kid->op_sibling)
1806 doref(kid, type, set_op_ref);
1809 if (type == OP_DEFINED)
1810 o->op_flags |= OPf_SPECIAL; /* don't create GV */
1811 doref(cUNOPo->op_first, o->op_type, set_op_ref);
1814 if (type == OP_RV2SV || type == OP_RV2AV || type == OP_RV2HV) {
1815 o->op_private |= (type == OP_RV2AV ? OPpDEREF_AV
1816 : type == OP_RV2HV ? OPpDEREF_HV
1818 o->op_flags |= OPf_MOD;
1825 o->op_flags |= OPf_REF;
1828 if (type == OP_DEFINED)
1829 o->op_flags |= OPf_SPECIAL; /* don't create GV */
1830 doref(cUNOPo->op_first, o->op_type, set_op_ref);
1836 o->op_flags |= OPf_REF;
1841 if (!(o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS))
1843 doref(cBINOPo->op_first, type, set_op_ref);
1847 doref(cBINOPo->op_first, o->op_type, set_op_ref);
1848 if (type == OP_RV2SV || type == OP_RV2AV || type == OP_RV2HV) {
1849 o->op_private |= (type == OP_RV2AV ? OPpDEREF_AV
1850 : type == OP_RV2HV ? OPpDEREF_HV
1852 o->op_flags |= OPf_MOD;
1862 if (!(o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS))
1864 doref(cLISTOPo->op_last, type, set_op_ref);
1874 S_dup_attrlist(pTHX_ OP *o)
1879 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_DUP_ATTRLIST;
1881 /* An attrlist is either a simple OP_CONST or an OP_LIST with kids,
1882 * where the first kid is OP_PUSHMARK and the remaining ones
1883 * are OP_CONST. We need to push the OP_CONST values.
1885 if (o->op_type == OP_CONST)
1886 rop = newSVOP(OP_CONST, o->op_flags, SvREFCNT_inc_NN(cSVOPo->op_sv));
1888 else if (o->op_type == OP_NULL)
1892 assert((o->op_type == OP_LIST) && (o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS));
1894 for (o = cLISTOPo->op_first; o; o=o->op_sibling) {
1895 if (o->op_type == OP_CONST)
1896 rop = append_elem(OP_LIST, rop,
1897 newSVOP(OP_CONST, o->op_flags,
1898 SvREFCNT_inc_NN(cSVOPo->op_sv)));
1905 S_apply_attrs(pTHX_ HV *stash, SV *target, OP *attrs, bool for_my)
1910 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_APPLY_ATTRS;
1912 /* fake up C<use attributes $pkg,$rv,@attrs> */
1913 ENTER; /* need to protect against side-effects of 'use' */
1914 stashsv = stash ? newSVhek(HvNAME_HEK(stash)) : &PL_sv_no;
1916 #define ATTRSMODULE "attributes"
1917 #define ATTRSMODULE_PM "attributes.pm"
1920 /* Don't force the C<use> if we don't need it. */
1921 SV * const * const svp = hv_fetchs(GvHVn(PL_incgv), ATTRSMODULE_PM, FALSE);
1922 if (svp && *svp != &PL_sv_undef)
1923 NOOP; /* already in %INC */
1925 Perl_load_module(aTHX_ PERL_LOADMOD_NOIMPORT,
1926 newSVpvs(ATTRSMODULE), NULL);
1929 Perl_load_module(aTHX_ PERL_LOADMOD_IMPORT_OPS,
1930 newSVpvs(ATTRSMODULE),
1932 prepend_elem(OP_LIST,
1933 newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, stashsv),
1934 prepend_elem(OP_LIST,
1935 newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0,
1937 dup_attrlist(attrs))));
1943 S_apply_attrs_my(pTHX_ HV *stash, OP *target, OP *attrs, OP **imopsp)
1946 OP *pack, *imop, *arg;
1949 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_APPLY_ATTRS_MY;
1954 assert(target->op_type == OP_PADSV ||
1955 target->op_type == OP_PADHV ||
1956 target->op_type == OP_PADAV);
1958 /* Ensure that attributes.pm is loaded. */
1959 apply_attrs(stash, PAD_SV(target->op_targ), attrs, TRUE);
1961 /* Need package name for method call. */
1962 pack = newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, newSVpvs(ATTRSMODULE));
1964 /* Build up the real arg-list. */
1965 stashsv = stash ? newSVhek(HvNAME_HEK(stash)) : &PL_sv_no;
1967 arg = newOP(OP_PADSV, 0);
1968 arg->op_targ = target->op_targ;
1969 arg = prepend_elem(OP_LIST,
1970 newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, stashsv),
1971 prepend_elem(OP_LIST,
1972 newUNOP(OP_REFGEN, 0,
1973 mod(arg, OP_REFGEN)),
1974 dup_attrlist(attrs)));
1976 /* Fake up a method call to import */
1977 meth = newSVpvs_share("import");
1978 imop = convert(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_STACKED|OPf_SPECIAL|OPf_WANT_VOID,
1979 append_elem(OP_LIST,
1980 prepend_elem(OP_LIST, pack, list(arg)),
1981 newSVOP(OP_METHOD_NAMED, 0, meth)));
1982 imop->op_private |= OPpENTERSUB_NOMOD;
1984 /* Combine the ops. */
1985 *imopsp = append_elem(OP_LIST, *imopsp, imop);
1989 =notfor apidoc apply_attrs_string
1991 Attempts to apply a list of attributes specified by the C<attrstr> and
1992 C<len> arguments to the subroutine identified by the C<cv> argument which
1993 is expected to be associated with the package identified by the C<stashpv>
1994 argument (see L<attributes>). It gets this wrong, though, in that it
1995 does not correctly identify the boundaries of the individual attribute
1996 specifications within C<attrstr>. This is not really intended for the
1997 public API, but has to be listed here for systems such as AIX which
1998 need an explicit export list for symbols. (It's called from XS code
1999 in support of the C<ATTRS:> keyword from F<xsubpp>.) Patches to fix it
2000 to respect attribute syntax properly would be welcome.
2006 Perl_apply_attrs_string(pTHX_ const char *stashpv, CV *cv,
2007 const char *attrstr, STRLEN len)
2011 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_APPLY_ATTRS_STRING;
2014 len = strlen(attrstr);
2018 for (; isSPACE(*attrstr) && len; --len, ++attrstr) ;
2020 const char * const sstr = attrstr;
2021 for (; !isSPACE(*attrstr) && len; --len, ++attrstr) ;
2022 attrs = append_elem(OP_LIST, attrs,
2023 newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0,
2024 newSVpvn(sstr, attrstr-sstr)));
2028 Perl_load_module(aTHX_ PERL_LOADMOD_IMPORT_OPS,
2029 newSVpvs(ATTRSMODULE),
2030 NULL, prepend_elem(OP_LIST,
2031 newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, newSVpv(stashpv,0)),
2032 prepend_elem(OP_LIST,
2033 newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0,
2034 newRV(MUTABLE_SV(cv))),
2039 S_my_kid(pTHX_ OP *o, OP *attrs, OP **imopsp)
2044 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_MY_KID;
2046 if (!o || (PL_parser && PL_parser->error_count))
2050 if (PL_madskills && type == OP_NULL && o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) {
2051 (void)my_kid(cUNOPo->op_first, attrs, imopsp);
2055 if (type == OP_LIST) {
2057 for (kid = cLISTOPo->op_first; kid; kid = kid->op_sibling)
2058 my_kid(kid, attrs, imopsp);
2059 } else if (type == OP_UNDEF
2065 } else if (type == OP_RV2SV || /* "our" declaration */
2067 type == OP_RV2HV) { /* XXX does this let anything illegal in? */
2068 if (cUNOPo->op_first->op_type != OP_GV) { /* MJD 20011224 */
2069 yyerror(Perl_form(aTHX_ "Can't declare %s in \"%s\"",
2071 PL_parser->in_my == KEY_our
2073 : PL_parser->in_my == KEY_state ? "state" : "my"));
2075 GV * const gv = cGVOPx_gv(cUNOPo->op_first);
2076 PL_parser->in_my = FALSE;
2077 PL_parser->in_my_stash = NULL;
2078 apply_attrs(GvSTASH(gv),
2079 (type == OP_RV2SV ? GvSV(gv) :
2080 type == OP_RV2AV ? MUTABLE_SV(GvAV(gv)) :
2081 type == OP_RV2HV ? MUTABLE_SV(GvHV(gv)) : MUTABLE_SV(gv)),
2084 o->op_private |= OPpOUR_INTRO;
2087 else if (type != OP_PADSV &&
2090 type != OP_PUSHMARK)
2092 yyerror(Perl_form(aTHX_ "Can't declare %s in \"%s\"",
2094 PL_parser->in_my == KEY_our
2096 : PL_parser->in_my == KEY_state ? "state" : "my"));
2099 else if (attrs && type != OP_PUSHMARK) {
2102 PL_parser->in_my = FALSE;
2103 PL_parser->in_my_stash = NULL;
2105 /* check for C<my Dog $spot> when deciding package */
2106 stash = PAD_COMPNAME_TYPE(o->op_targ);
2108 stash = PL_curstash;
2109 apply_attrs_my(stash, o, attrs, imopsp);
2111 o->op_flags |= OPf_MOD;
2112 o->op_private |= OPpLVAL_INTRO;
2113 if (PL_parser->in_my == KEY_state)
2114 o->op_private |= OPpPAD_STATE;
2119 Perl_my_attrs(pTHX_ OP *o, OP *attrs)
2123 int maybe_scalar = 0;
2125 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_MY_ATTRS;
2127 /* [perl #17376]: this appears to be premature, and results in code such as
2128 C< our(%x); > executing in list mode rather than void mode */
2130 if (o->op_flags & OPf_PARENS)
2140 o = my_kid(o, attrs, &rops);
2142 if (maybe_scalar && o->op_type == OP_PADSV) {
2143 o = scalar(append_list(OP_LIST, (LISTOP*)rops, (LISTOP*)o));
2144 o->op_private |= OPpLVAL_INTRO;
2147 o = append_list(OP_LIST, (LISTOP*)o, (LISTOP*)rops);
2149 PL_parser->in_my = FALSE;
2150 PL_parser->in_my_stash = NULL;
2155 Perl_sawparens(pTHX_ OP *o)
2157 PERL_UNUSED_CONTEXT;
2159 o->op_flags |= OPf_PARENS;
2164 Perl_bind_match(pTHX_ I32 type, OP *left, OP *right)
2168 const OPCODE ltype = left->op_type;
2169 const OPCODE rtype = right->op_type;
2171 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_BIND_MATCH;
2173 if ( (ltype == OP_RV2AV || ltype == OP_RV2HV || ltype == OP_PADAV
2174 || ltype == OP_PADHV) && ckWARN(WARN_MISC))
2176 const char * const desc
2177 = PL_op_desc[(rtype == OP_SUBST || rtype == OP_TRANS)
2178 ? (int)rtype : OP_MATCH];
2179 const char * const sample = ((ltype == OP_RV2AV || ltype == OP_PADAV)
2180 ? "@array" : "%hash");
2181 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_MISC),
2182 "Applying %s to %s will act on scalar(%s)",
2183 desc, sample, sample);
2186 if (rtype == OP_CONST &&
2187 cSVOPx(right)->op_private & OPpCONST_BARE &&
2188 cSVOPx(right)->op_private & OPpCONST_STRICT)
2190 no_bareword_allowed(right);
2193 ismatchop = rtype == OP_MATCH ||
2194 rtype == OP_SUBST ||
2196 if (ismatchop && right->op_private & OPpTARGET_MY) {
2198 right->op_private &= ~OPpTARGET_MY;
2200 if (!(right->op_flags & OPf_STACKED) && ismatchop) {
2203 right->op_flags |= OPf_STACKED;
2204 if (rtype != OP_MATCH &&
2205 ! (rtype == OP_TRANS &&
2206 right->op_private & OPpTRANS_IDENTICAL))
2207 newleft = mod(left, rtype);
2210 if (right->op_type == OP_TRANS)
2211 o = newBINOP(OP_NULL, OPf_STACKED, scalar(newleft), right);
2213 o = prepend_elem(rtype, scalar(newleft), right);
2215 return newUNOP(OP_NOT, 0, scalar(o));
2219 return bind_match(type, left,
2220 pmruntime(newPMOP(OP_MATCH, 0), right, 0));
2224 Perl_invert(pTHX_ OP *o)
2228 return newUNOP(OP_NOT, OPf_SPECIAL, scalar(o));
2232 Perl_scope(pTHX_ OP *o)
2236 if (o->op_flags & OPf_PARENS || PERLDB_NOOPT || PL_tainting) {
2237 o = prepend_elem(OP_LINESEQ, newOP(OP_ENTER, 0), o);
2238 o->op_type = OP_LEAVE;
2239 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_LEAVE];
2241 else if (o->op_type == OP_LINESEQ) {
2243 o->op_type = OP_SCOPE;
2244 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_SCOPE];
2245 kid = ((LISTOP*)o)->op_first;
2246 if (kid->op_type == OP_NEXTSTATE || kid->op_type == OP_DBSTATE) {
2249 /* The following deals with things like 'do {1 for 1}' */
2250 kid = kid->op_sibling;
2252 (kid->op_type == OP_NEXTSTATE || kid->op_type == OP_DBSTATE))
2257 o = newLISTOP(OP_SCOPE, 0, o, NULL);
2263 Perl_block_start(pTHX_ int full)
2266 const int retval = PL_savestack_ix;
2267 pad_block_start(full);
2269 PL_hints &= ~HINT_BLOCK_SCOPE;
2270 SAVECOMPILEWARNINGS();
2271 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = DUP_WARNINGS(PL_compiling.cop_warnings);
2276 Perl_block_end(pTHX_ I32 floor, OP *seq)
2279 const int needblockscope = PL_hints & HINT_BLOCK_SCOPE;
2280 OP* const retval = scalarseq(seq);
2282 CopHINTS_set(&PL_compiling, PL_hints);
2284 PL_hints |= HINT_BLOCK_SCOPE; /* propagate out */
2293 const PADOFFSET offset = pad_findmy("$_");
2294 if (offset == NOT_IN_PAD || PAD_COMPNAME_FLAGS_isOUR(offset)) {
2295 return newSVREF(newGVOP(OP_GV, 0, PL_defgv));
2298 OP * const o = newOP(OP_PADSV, 0);
2299 o->op_targ = offset;
2305 Perl_newPROG(pTHX_ OP *o)
2309 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_NEWPROG;
2314 PL_eval_root = newUNOP(OP_LEAVEEVAL,
2315 ((PL_in_eval & EVAL_KEEPERR)
2316 ? OPf_SPECIAL : 0), o);
2317 PL_eval_start = linklist(PL_eval_root);
2318 PL_eval_root->op_private |= OPpREFCOUNTED;
2319 OpREFCNT_set(PL_eval_root, 1);
2320 PL_eval_root->op_next = 0;
2321 CALL_PEEP(PL_eval_start);
2324 if (o->op_type == OP_STUB) {
2325 PL_comppad_name = 0;
2327 S_op_destroy(aTHX_ o);
2330 PL_main_root = scope(sawparens(scalarvoid(o)));
2331 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
2332 PL_main_start = LINKLIST(PL_main_root);
2333 PL_main_root->op_private |= OPpREFCOUNTED;
2334 OpREFCNT_set(PL_main_root, 1);
2335 PL_main_root->op_next = 0;
2336 CALL_PEEP(PL_main_start);
2339 /* Register with debugger */
2341 CV * const cv = get_cvs("DB::postponed", 0);
2345 XPUSHs(MUTABLE_SV(CopFILEGV(&PL_compiling)));
2347 call_sv(MUTABLE_SV(cv), G_DISCARD);
2354 Perl_localize(pTHX_ OP *o, I32 lex)
2358 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_LOCALIZE;
2360 if (o->op_flags & OPf_PARENS)
2361 /* [perl #17376]: this appears to be premature, and results in code such as
2362 C< our(%x); > executing in list mode rather than void mode */
2369 if ( PL_parser->bufptr > PL_parser->oldbufptr
2370 && PL_parser->bufptr[-1] == ','
2371 && ckWARN(WARN_PARENTHESIS))
2373 char *s = PL_parser->bufptr;
2376 /* some heuristics to detect a potential error */
2377 while (*s && (strchr(", \t\n", *s)))
2381 if (*s && strchr("@$%*", *s) && *++s
2382 && (isALNUM(*s) || UTF8_IS_CONTINUED(*s))) {
2385 while (*s && (isALNUM(*s) || UTF8_IS_CONTINUED(*s)))
2387 while (*s && (strchr(", \t\n", *s)))
2393 if (sigil && (*s == ';' || *s == '=')) {
2394 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_PARENTHESIS),
2395 "Parentheses missing around \"%s\" list",
2397 ? (PL_parser->in_my == KEY_our
2399 : PL_parser->in_my == KEY_state
2409 o = mod(o, OP_NULL); /* a bit kludgey */
2410 PL_parser->in_my = FALSE;
2411 PL_parser->in_my_stash = NULL;
2416 Perl_jmaybe(pTHX_ OP *o)
2418 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_JMAYBE;
2420 if (o->op_type == OP_LIST) {
2422 = newSVREF(newGVOP(OP_GV, 0, gv_fetchpvs(";", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PV)));
2423 o = convert(OP_JOIN, 0, prepend_elem(OP_LIST, o2, o));
2429 S_fold_constants(pTHX_ register OP *o)
2432 register OP * VOL curop;
2434 VOL I32 type = o->op_type;
2439 SV * const oldwarnhook = PL_warnhook;
2440 SV * const olddiehook = PL_diehook;
2444 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_FOLD_CONSTANTS;
2446 if (PL_opargs[type] & OA_RETSCALAR)
2448 if (PL_opargs[type] & OA_TARGET && !o->op_targ)
2449 o->op_targ = pad_alloc(type, SVs_PADTMP);
2451 /* integerize op, unless it happens to be C<-foo>.
2452 * XXX should pp_i_negate() do magic string negation instead? */
2453 if ((PL_opargs[type] & OA_OTHERINT) && (PL_hints & HINT_INTEGER)
2454 && !(type == OP_NEGATE && cUNOPo->op_first->op_type == OP_CONST
2455 && (cUNOPo->op_first->op_private & OPpCONST_BARE)))
2457 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[type = ++(o->op_type)];
2460 if (!(PL_opargs[type] & OA_FOLDCONST))
2465 /* XXX might want a ck_negate() for this */
2466 cUNOPo->op_first->op_private &= ~OPpCONST_STRICT;
2477 /* XXX what about the numeric ops? */
2478 if (PL_hints & HINT_LOCALE)
2483 if (PL_parser && PL_parser->error_count)
2484 goto nope; /* Don't try to run w/ errors */
2486 for (curop = LINKLIST(o); curop != o; curop = LINKLIST(curop)) {
2487 const OPCODE type = curop->op_type;
2488 if ((type != OP_CONST || (curop->op_private & OPpCONST_BARE)) &&
2490 type != OP_SCALAR &&
2492 type != OP_PUSHMARK)
2498 curop = LINKLIST(o);
2499 old_next = o->op_next;
2503 oldscope = PL_scopestack_ix;
2504 create_eval_scope(G_FAKINGEVAL);
2506 /* Verify that we don't need to save it: */
2507 assert(PL_curcop == &PL_compiling);
2508 StructCopy(&PL_compiling, ¬_compiling, COP);
2509 PL_curcop = ¬_compiling;
2510 /* The above ensures that we run with all the correct hints of the
2511 currently compiling COP, but that IN_PERL_RUNTIME is not true. */
2512 assert(IN_PERL_RUNTIME);
2513 PL_warnhook = PERL_WARNHOOK_FATAL;
2520 sv = *(PL_stack_sp--);
2521 if (o->op_targ && sv == PAD_SV(o->op_targ)) /* grab pad temp? */
2522 pad_swipe(o->op_targ, FALSE);
2523 else if (SvTEMP(sv)) { /* grab mortal temp? */
2524 SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void(sv);
2529 /* Something tried to die. Abandon constant folding. */
2530 /* Pretend the error never happened. */
2532 o->op_next = old_next;
2536 /* Don't expect 1 (setjmp failed) or 2 (something called my_exit) */
2537 PL_warnhook = oldwarnhook;
2538 PL_diehook = olddiehook;
2539 /* XXX note that this croak may fail as we've already blown away
2540 * the stack - eg any nested evals */
2541 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: fold_constants JMPENV_PUSH returned %d", ret);
2544 PL_warnhook = oldwarnhook;
2545 PL_diehook = olddiehook;
2546 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
2548 if (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
2549 delete_eval_scope();
2558 if (type == OP_RV2GV)
2559 newop = newGVOP(OP_GV, 0, MUTABLE_GV(sv));
2561 newop = newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, MUTABLE_SV(sv));
2562 op_getmad(o,newop,'f');
2570 S_gen_constant_list(pTHX_ register OP *o)
2574 const I32 oldtmps_floor = PL_tmps_floor;
2577 if (PL_parser && PL_parser->error_count)
2578 return o; /* Don't attempt to run with errors */
2580 PL_op = curop = LINKLIST(o);
2586 assert (!(curop->op_flags & OPf_SPECIAL));
2587 assert(curop->op_type == OP_RANGE);
2589 PL_tmps_floor = oldtmps_floor;
2591 o->op_type = OP_RV2AV;
2592 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_RV2AV];
2593 o->op_flags &= ~OPf_REF; /* treat \(1..2) like an ordinary list */
2594 o->op_flags |= OPf_PARENS; /* and flatten \(1..2,3) */
2595 o->op_opt = 0; /* needs to be revisited in peep() */
2596 curop = ((UNOP*)o)->op_first;
2597 ((UNOP*)o)->op_first = newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, SvREFCNT_inc_NN(*PL_stack_sp--));
2599 op_getmad(curop,o,'O');
2608 Perl_convert(pTHX_ I32 type, I32 flags, OP *o)
2611 if (!o || o->op_type != OP_LIST)
2612 o = newLISTOP(OP_LIST, 0, o, NULL);
2614 o->op_flags &= ~OPf_WANT;
2616 if (!(PL_opargs[type] & OA_MARK))
2617 op_null(cLISTOPo->op_first);
2619 o->op_type = (OPCODE)type;
2620 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[type];
2621 o->op_flags |= flags;
2623 o = CHECKOP(type, o);
2624 if (o->op_type != (unsigned)type)
2627 return fold_constants(o);
2630 /* List constructors */
2633 Perl_append_elem(pTHX_ I32 type, OP *first, OP *last)
2641 if (first->op_type != (unsigned)type
2642 || (type == OP_LIST && (first->op_flags & OPf_PARENS)))
2644 return newLISTOP(type, 0, first, last);
2647 if (first->op_flags & OPf_KIDS)
2648 ((LISTOP*)first)->op_last->op_sibling = last;
2650 first->op_flags |= OPf_KIDS;
2651 ((LISTOP*)first)->op_first = last;
2653 ((LISTOP*)first)->op_last = last;
2658 Perl_append_list(pTHX_ I32 type, LISTOP *first, LISTOP *last)
2666 if (first->op_type != (unsigned)type)
2667 return prepend_elem(type, (OP*)first, (OP*)last);
2669 if (last->op_type != (unsigned)type)
2670 return append_elem(type, (OP*)first, (OP*)last);
2672 first->op_last->op_sibling = last->op_first;
2673 first->op_last = last->op_last;
2674 first->op_flags |= (last->op_flags & OPf_KIDS);
2677 if (last->op_first && first->op_madprop) {
2678 MADPROP *mp = last->op_first->op_madprop;
2680 while (mp->mad_next)
2682 mp->mad_next = first->op_madprop;
2685 last->op_first->op_madprop = first->op_madprop;
2688 first->op_madprop = last->op_madprop;
2689 last->op_madprop = 0;
2692 S_op_destroy(aTHX_ (OP*)last);
2698 Perl_prepend_elem(pTHX_ I32 type, OP *first, OP *last)
2706 if (last->op_type == (unsigned)type) {
2707 if (type == OP_LIST) { /* already a PUSHMARK there */
2708 first->op_sibling = ((LISTOP*)last)->op_first->op_sibling;
2709 ((LISTOP*)last)->op_first->op_sibling = first;
2710 if (!(first->op_flags & OPf_PARENS))
2711 last->op_flags &= ~OPf_PARENS;
2714 if (!(last->op_flags & OPf_KIDS)) {
2715 ((LISTOP*)last)->op_last = first;
2716 last->op_flags |= OPf_KIDS;
2718 first->op_sibling = ((LISTOP*)last)->op_first;
2719 ((LISTOP*)last)->op_first = first;
2721 last->op_flags |= OPf_KIDS;
2725 return newLISTOP(type, 0, first, last);
2733 Perl_newTOKEN(pTHX_ I32 optype, YYSTYPE lval, MADPROP* madprop)
2736 Newxz(tk, 1, TOKEN);
2737 tk->tk_type = (OPCODE)optype;
2738 tk->tk_type = 12345;
2740 tk->tk_mad = madprop;
2745 Perl_token_free(pTHX_ TOKEN* tk)
2747 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_TOKEN_FREE;
2749 if (tk->tk_type != 12345)
2751 mad_free(tk->tk_mad);
2756 Perl_token_getmad(pTHX_ TOKEN* tk, OP* o, char slot)
2761 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_TOKEN_GETMAD;
2763 if (tk->tk_type != 12345) {
2764 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_MISC),
2765 "Invalid TOKEN object ignored");
2772 /* faked up qw list? */
2774 tm->mad_type == MAD_SV &&
2775 SvPVX((const SV *)tm->mad_val)[0] == 'q')
2782 /* pretend constant fold didn't happen? */
2783 if (mp->mad_key == 'f' &&
2784 (o->op_type == OP_CONST ||
2785 o->op_type == OP_GV) )
2787 token_getmad(tk,(OP*)mp->mad_val,slot);
2801 if (mp->mad_key == 'X')
2802 mp->mad_key = slot; /* just change the first one */
2812 Perl_op_getmad_weak(pTHX_ OP* from, OP* o, char slot)
2821 /* pretend constant fold didn't happen? */
2822 if (mp->mad_key == 'f' &&
2823 (o->op_type == OP_CONST ||
2824 o->op_type == OP_GV) )
2826 op_getmad(from,(OP*)mp->mad_val,slot);
2833 mp->mad_next = newMADPROP(slot,MAD_OP,from,0);
2836 o->op_madprop = newMADPROP(slot,MAD_OP,from,0);
2842 Perl_op_getmad(pTHX_ OP* from, OP* o, char slot)
2851 /* pretend constant fold didn't happen? */
2852 if (mp->mad_key == 'f' &&
2853 (o->op_type == OP_CONST ||
2854 o->op_type == OP_GV) )
2856 op_getmad(from,(OP*)mp->mad_val,slot);
2863 mp->mad_next = newMADPROP(slot,MAD_OP,from,1);
2866 o->op_madprop = newMADPROP(slot,MAD_OP,from,1);
2870 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stderr(),
2871 "DESTROYING op = %0"UVxf"\n", PTR2UV(from));
2877 Perl_prepend_madprops(pTHX_ MADPROP* mp, OP* o, char slot)
2895 Perl_append_madprops(pTHX_ MADPROP* tm, OP* o, char slot)
2899 addmad(tm, &(o->op_madprop), slot);
2903 Perl_addmad(pTHX_ MADPROP* tm, MADPROP** root, char slot)
2924 Perl_newMADsv(pTHX_ char key, SV* sv)
2926 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_NEWMADSV;
2928 return newMADPROP(key, MAD_SV, sv, 0);
2932 Perl_newMADPROP(pTHX_ char key, char type, const void* val, I32 vlen)
2935 Newxz(mp, 1, MADPROP);
2938 mp->mad_vlen = vlen;
2939 mp->mad_type = type;
2941 /* PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stderr(), "NEW mp = %0x\n", mp); */
2946 Perl_mad_free(pTHX_ MADPROP* mp)
2948 /* PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stderr(), "FREE mp = %0x\n", mp); */
2952 mad_free(mp->mad_next);
2953 /* if (PL_parser && PL_parser->lex_state != LEX_NOTPARSING && mp->mad_vlen)
2954 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stderr(), "DESTROYING '%c'=<%s>\n", mp->mad_key & 255, mp->mad_val); */
2955 switch (mp->mad_type) {
2959 Safefree((char*)mp->mad_val);
2962 if (mp->mad_vlen) /* vlen holds "strong/weak" boolean */
2963 op_free((OP*)mp->mad_val);
2966 sv_free(MUTABLE_SV(mp->mad_val));
2969 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stderr(), "Unrecognized mad\n");
2978 Perl_newNULLLIST(pTHX)
2980 return newOP(OP_STUB, 0);
2984 S_force_list(pTHX_ OP *o)
2986 if (!o || o->op_type != OP_LIST)
2987 o = newLISTOP(OP_LIST, 0, o, NULL);
2993 Perl_newLISTOP(pTHX_ I32 type, I32 flags, OP *first, OP *last)
2998 NewOp(1101, listop, 1, LISTOP);
3000 listop->op_type = (OPCODE)type;
3001 listop->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[type];
3004 listop->op_flags = (U8)flags;
3008 else if (!first && last)
3011 first->op_sibling = last;
3012 listop->op_first = first;
3013 listop->op_last = last;
3014 if (type == OP_LIST) {
3015 OP* const pushop = newOP(OP_PUSHMARK, 0);
3016 pushop->op_sibling = first;
3017 listop->op_first = pushop;
3018 listop->op_flags |= OPf_KIDS;
3020 listop->op_last = pushop;
3023 return CHECKOP(type, listop);
3027 Perl_newOP(pTHX_ I32 type, I32 flags)
3031 NewOp(1101, o, 1, OP);
3032 o->op_type = (OPCODE)type;
3033 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[type];
3034 o->op_flags = (U8)flags;
3036 o->op_latefreed = 0;
3040 o->op_private = (U8)(0 | (flags >> 8));
3041 if (PL_opargs[type] & OA_RETSCALAR)
3043 if (PL_opargs[type] & OA_TARGET)
3044 o->op_targ = pad_alloc(type, SVs_PADTMP);
3045 return CHECKOP(type, o);
3049 Perl_newUNOP(pTHX_ I32 type, I32 flags, OP *first)
3055 first = newOP(OP_STUB, 0);
3056 if (PL_opargs[type] & OA_MARK)
3057 first = force_list(first);
3059 NewOp(1101, unop, 1, UNOP);
3060 unop->op_type = (OPCODE)type;
3061 unop->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[type];
3062 unop->op_first = first;
3063 unop->op_flags = (U8)(flags | OPf_KIDS);
3064 unop->op_private = (U8)(1 | (flags >> 8));
3065 unop = (UNOP*) CHECKOP(type, unop);
3069 return fold_constants((OP *) unop);
3073 Perl_newBINOP(pTHX_ I32 type, I32 flags, OP *first, OP *last)
3077 NewOp(1101, binop, 1, BINOP);
3080 first = newOP(OP_NULL, 0);
3082 binop->op_type = (OPCODE)type;
3083 binop->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[type];
3084 binop->op_first = first;
3085 binop->op_flags = (U8)(flags | OPf_KIDS);
3088 binop->op_private = (U8)(1 | (flags >> 8));
3091 binop->op_private = (U8)(2 | (flags >> 8));
3092 first->op_sibling = last;
3095 binop = (BINOP*)CHECKOP(type, binop);
3096 if (binop->op_next || binop->op_type != (OPCODE)type)
3099 binop->op_last = binop->op_first->op_sibling;
3101 return fold_constants((OP *)binop);
3104 static int uvcompare(const void *a, const void *b)
3105 __attribute__nonnull__(1)
3106 __attribute__nonnull__(2)
3107 __attribute__pure__;
3108 static int uvcompare(const void *a, const void *b)
3110 if (*((const UV *)a) < (*(const UV *)b))
3112 if (*((const UV *)a) > (*(const UV *)b))
3114 if (*((const UV *)a+1) < (*(const UV *)b+1))
3116 if (*((const UV *)a+1) > (*(const UV *)b+1))
3122 S_pmtrans(pTHX_ OP *o, OP *expr, OP *repl)
3125 SV * const tstr = ((SVOP*)expr)->op_sv;
3128 (repl->op_type == OP_NULL)
3129 ? ((SVOP*)((LISTOP*)repl)->op_first)->op_sv :
3131 ((SVOP*)repl)->op_sv;
3134 const U8 *t = (U8*)SvPV_const(tstr, tlen);
3135 const U8 *r = (U8*)SvPV_const(rstr, rlen);
3139 register short *tbl;
3141 const I32 complement = o->op_private & OPpTRANS_COMPLEMENT;
3142 const I32 squash = o->op_private & OPpTRANS_SQUASH;
3143 I32 del = o->op_private & OPpTRANS_DELETE;
3146 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_PMTRANS;
3148 PL_hints |= HINT_BLOCK_SCOPE;
3151 o->op_private |= OPpTRANS_FROM_UTF;
3154 o->op_private |= OPpTRANS_TO_UTF;
3156 if (o->op_private & (OPpTRANS_FROM_UTF|OPpTRANS_TO_UTF)) {
3157 SV* const listsv = newSVpvs("# comment\n");
3159 const U8* tend = t + tlen;
3160 const U8* rend = r + rlen;
3174 const I32 from_utf = o->op_private & OPpTRANS_FROM_UTF;
3175 const I32 to_utf = o->op_private & OPpTRANS_TO_UTF;
3178 const U32 flags = UTF8_ALLOW_DEFAULT;
3182 t = tsave = bytes_to_utf8(t, &len);
3185 if (!to_utf && rlen) {
3187 r = rsave = bytes_to_utf8(r, &len);
3191 /* There are several snags with this code on EBCDIC:
3192 1. 0xFF is a legal UTF-EBCDIC byte (there are no illegal bytes).
3193 2. scan_const() in toke.c has encoded chars in native encoding which makes
3194 ranges at least in EBCDIC 0..255 range the bottom odd.
3198 U8 tmpbuf[UTF8_MAXBYTES+1];
3201 Newx(cp, 2*tlen, UV);
3203 transv = newSVpvs("");
3205 cp[2*i] = utf8n_to_uvuni(t, tend-t, &ulen, flags);
3207 if (t < tend && NATIVE_TO_UTF(*t) == 0xff) {
3209 cp[2*i+1] = utf8n_to_uvuni(t, tend-t, &ulen, flags);
3213 cp[2*i+1] = cp[2*i];
3217 qsort(cp, i, 2*sizeof(UV), uvcompare);
3218 for (j = 0; j < i; j++) {
3220 diff = val - nextmin;
3222 t = uvuni_to_utf8(tmpbuf,nextmin);
3223 sv_catpvn(transv, (char*)tmpbuf, t - tmpbuf);
3225 U8 range_mark = UTF_TO_NATIVE(0xff);
3226 t = uvuni_to_utf8(tmpbuf, val - 1);
3227 sv_catpvn(transv, (char *)&range_mark, 1);
3228 sv_catpvn(transv, (char*)tmpbuf, t - tmpbuf);
3235 t = uvuni_to_utf8(tmpbuf,nextmin);
3236 sv_catpvn(transv, (char*)tmpbuf, t - tmpbuf);
3238 U8 range_mark = UTF_TO_NATIVE(0xff);
3239 sv_catpvn(transv, (char *)&range_mark, 1);
3241 t = uvuni_to_utf8_flags(tmpbuf, 0x7fffffff,
3242 UNICODE_ALLOW_SUPER);
3243 sv_catpvn(transv, (char*)tmpbuf, t - tmpbuf);
3244 t = (const U8*)SvPVX_const(transv);
3245 tlen = SvCUR(transv);
3249 else if (!rlen && !del) {
3250 r = t; rlen = tlen; rend = tend;
3253 if ((!rlen && !del) || t == r ||
3254 (tlen == rlen && memEQ((char *)t, (char *)r, tlen)))
3256 o->op_private |= OPpTRANS_IDENTICAL;
3260 while (t < tend || tfirst <= tlast) {
3261 /* see if we need more "t" chars */
3262 if (tfirst > tlast) {
3263 tfirst = (I32)utf8n_to_uvuni(t, tend - t, &ulen, flags);
3265 if (t < tend && NATIVE_TO_UTF(*t) == 0xff) { /* illegal utf8 val indicates range */
3267 tlast = (I32)utf8n_to_uvuni(t, tend - t, &ulen, flags);
3274 /* now see if we need more "r" chars */
3275 if (rfirst > rlast) {
3277 rfirst = (I32)utf8n_to_uvuni(r, rend - r, &ulen, flags);
3279 if (r < rend && NATIVE_TO_UTF(*r) == 0xff) { /* illegal utf8 val indicates range */
3281 rlast = (I32)utf8n_to_uvuni(r, rend - r, &ulen, flags);
3290 rfirst = rlast = 0xffffffff;
3294 /* now see which range will peter our first, if either. */
3295 tdiff = tlast - tfirst;
3296 rdiff = rlast - rfirst;
3303 if (rfirst == 0xffffffff) {
3304 diff = tdiff; /* oops, pretend rdiff is infinite */
3306 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ listsv, "%04lx\t%04lx\tXXXX\n",
3307 (long)tfirst, (long)tlast);
3309 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ listsv, "%04lx\t\tXXXX\n", (long)tfirst);
3313 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ listsv, "%04lx\t%04lx\t%04lx\n",
3314 (long)tfirst, (long)(tfirst + diff),
3317 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ listsv, "%04lx\t\t%04lx\n",
3318 (long)tfirst, (long)rfirst);
3320 if (rfirst + diff > max)
3321 max = rfirst + diff;
3323 grows = (tfirst < rfirst &&
3324 UNISKIP(tfirst) < UNISKIP(rfirst + diff));
3336 else if (max > 0xff)
3341 PerlMemShared_free(cPVOPo->op_pv);
3342 cPVOPo->op_pv = NULL;
3344 swash = MUTABLE_SV(swash_init("utf8", "", listsv, bits, none));
3346 cPADOPo->op_padix = pad_alloc(OP_TRANS, SVs_PADTMP);
3347 SvREFCNT_dec(PAD_SVl(cPADOPo->op_padix));
3348 PAD_SETSV(cPADOPo->op_padix, swash);
3351 cSVOPo->op_sv = swash;
3353 SvREFCNT_dec(listsv);
3354 SvREFCNT_dec(transv);
3356 if (!del && havefinal && rlen)
3357 (void)hv_store(MUTABLE_HV(SvRV(swash)), "FINAL", 5,
3358 newSVuv((UV)final), 0);
3361 o->op_private |= OPpTRANS_GROWS;
3367 op_getmad(expr,o,'e');
3368 op_getmad(repl,o,'r');
3376 tbl = (short*)cPVOPo->op_pv;
3378 Zero(tbl, 256, short);
3379 for (i = 0; i < (I32)tlen; i++)
3381 for (i = 0, j = 0; i < 256; i++) {
3383 if (j >= (I32)rlen) {
3392 if (i < 128 && r[j] >= 128)
3402 o->op_private |= OPpTRANS_IDENTICAL;
3404 else if (j >= (I32)rlen)
3409 PerlMemShared_realloc(tbl,
3410 (0x101+rlen-j) * sizeof(short));
3411 cPVOPo->op_pv = (char*)tbl;
3413 tbl[0x100] = (short)(rlen - j);
3414 for (i=0; i < (I32)rlen - j; i++)
3415 tbl[0x101+i] = r[j+i];
3419 if (!rlen && !del) {
3422 o->op_private |= OPpTRANS_IDENTICAL;
3424 else if (!squash && rlen == tlen && memEQ((char*)t, (char*)r, tlen)) {
3425 o->op_private |= OPpTRANS_IDENTICAL;
3427 for (i = 0; i < 256; i++)
3429 for (i = 0, j = 0; i < (I32)tlen; i++,j++) {
3430 if (j >= (I32)rlen) {
3432 if (tbl[t[i]] == -1)
3438 if (tbl[t[i]] == -1) {
3439 if (t[i] < 128 && r[j] >= 128)
3446 if(ckWARN(WARN_MISC)) {
3447 if(del && rlen == tlen) {
3448 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_MISC), "Useless use of /d modifier in transliteration operator");
3449 } else if(rlen > tlen) {
3450 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_MISC), "Replacement list is longer than search list");
3455 o->op_private |= OPpTRANS_GROWS;
3457 op_getmad(expr,o,'e');
3458 op_getmad(repl,o,'r');
3468 Perl_newPMOP(pTHX_ I32 type, I32 flags)
3473 NewOp(1101, pmop, 1, PMOP);
3474 pmop->op_type = (OPCODE)type;
3475 pmop->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[type];
3476 pmop->op_flags = (U8)flags;
3477 pmop->op_private = (U8)(0 | (flags >> 8));
3479 if (PL_hints & HINT_RE_TAINT)
3480 pmop->op_pmflags |= PMf_RETAINT;
3481 if (PL_hints & HINT_LOCALE)
3482 pmop->op_pmflags |= PMf_LOCALE;
3486 assert(SvPOK(PL_regex_pad[0]));
3487 if (SvCUR(PL_regex_pad[0])) {
3488 /* Pop off the "packed" IV from the end. */
3489 SV *const repointer_list = PL_regex_pad[0];
3490 const char *p = SvEND(repointer_list) - sizeof(IV);
3491 const IV offset = *((IV*)p);
3493 assert(SvCUR(repointer_list) % sizeof(IV) == 0);
3495 SvEND_set(repointer_list, p);
3497 pmop->op_pmoffset = offset;
3498 /* This slot should be free, so assert this: */
3499 assert(PL_regex_pad[offset] == &PL_sv_undef);
3501 SV * const repointer = &PL_sv_undef;
3502 av_push(PL_regex_padav, repointer);
3503 pmop->op_pmoffset = av_len(PL_regex_padav);
3504 PL_regex_pad = AvARRAY(PL_regex_padav);
3508 return CHECKOP(type, pmop);
3511 /* Given some sort of match op o, and an expression expr containing a
3512 * pattern, either compile expr into a regex and attach it to o (if it's
3513 * constant), or convert expr into a runtime regcomp op sequence (if it's
3516 * isreg indicates that the pattern is part of a regex construct, eg
3517 * $x =~ /pattern/ or split /pattern/, as opposed to $x =~ $pattern or
3518 * split "pattern", which aren't. In the former case, expr will be a list
3519 * if the pattern contains more than one term (eg /a$b/) or if it contains
3520 * a replacement, ie s/// or tr///.
3524 Perl_pmruntime(pTHX_ OP *o, OP *expr, bool isreg)
3529 I32 repl_has_vars = 0;
3533 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_PMRUNTIME;
3535 if (o->op_type == OP_SUBST || o->op_type == OP_TRANS) {
3536 /* last element in list is the replacement; pop it */
3538 repl = cLISTOPx(expr)->op_last;
3539 kid = cLISTOPx(expr)->op_first;
3540 while (kid->op_sibling != repl)
3541 kid = kid->op_sibling;
3542 kid->op_sibling = NULL;
3543 cLISTOPx(expr)->op_last = kid;
3546 if (isreg && expr->op_type == OP_LIST &&
3547 cLISTOPx(expr)->op_first->op_sibling == cLISTOPx(expr)->op_last)
3549 /* convert single element list to element */
3550 OP* const oe = expr;
3551 expr = cLISTOPx(oe)->op_first->op_sibling;
3552 cLISTOPx(oe)->op_first->op_sibling = NULL;
3553 cLISTOPx(oe)->op_last = NULL;
3557 if (o->op_type == OP_TRANS) {
3558 return pmtrans(o, expr, repl);
3561 reglist = isreg && expr->op_type == OP_LIST;
3565 PL_hints |= HINT_BLOCK_SCOPE;
3568 if (expr->op_type == OP_CONST) {
3569 SV *pat = ((SVOP*)expr)->op_sv;
3570 U32 pm_flags = pm->op_pmflags & PMf_COMPILETIME;
3572 if (o->op_flags & OPf_SPECIAL)
3573 pm_flags |= RXf_SPLIT;
3576 assert (SvUTF8(pat));
3577 } else if (SvUTF8(pat)) {
3578 /* Not doing UTF-8, despite what the SV says. Is this only if we're
3579 trapped in use 'bytes'? */
3580 /* Make a copy of the octet sequence, but without the flag on, as
3581 the compiler now honours the SvUTF8 flag on pat. */
3583 const char *const p = SvPV(pat, len);
3584 pat = newSVpvn_flags(p, len, SVs_TEMP);
3587 PM_SETRE(pm, CALLREGCOMP(pat, pm_flags));
3590 op_getmad(expr,(OP*)pm,'e');
3596 if (pm->op_pmflags & PMf_KEEP || !(PL_hints & HINT_RE_EVAL))
3597 expr = newUNOP((!(PL_hints & HINT_RE_EVAL)
3599 : OP_REGCMAYBE),0,expr);
3601 NewOp(1101, rcop, 1, LOGOP);
3602 rcop->op_type = OP_REGCOMP;
3603 rcop->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_REGCOMP];
3604 rcop->op_first = scalar(expr);
3605 rcop->op_flags |= OPf_KIDS
3606 | ((PL_hints & HINT_RE_EVAL) ? OPf_SPECIAL : 0)
3607 | (reglist ? OPf_STACKED : 0);
3608 rcop->op_private = 1;
3611 rcop->op_targ = pad_alloc(rcop->op_type, SVs_PADTMP);
3613 /* /$x/ may cause an eval, since $x might be qr/(?{..})/ */
3616 /* establish postfix order */
3617 if (pm->op_pmflags & PMf_KEEP || !(PL_hints & HINT_RE_EVAL)) {
3619 rcop->op_next = expr;
3620 ((UNOP*)expr)->op_first->op_next = (OP*)rcop;
3623 rcop->op_next = LINKLIST(expr);
3624 expr->op_next = (OP*)rcop;
3627 prepend_elem(o->op_type, scalar((OP*)rcop), o);
3632 if (pm->op_pmflags & PMf_EVAL) {
3634 if (CopLINE(PL_curcop) < (line_t)PL_parser->multi_end)
3635 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, (line_t)PL_parser->multi_end);
3637 else if (repl->op_type == OP_CONST)
3641 for (curop = LINKLIST(repl); curop!=repl; curop = LINKLIST(curop)) {
3642 if (curop->op_type == OP_SCOPE
3643 || curop->op_type == OP_LEAVE
3644 || (PL_opargs[curop->op_type] & OA_DANGEROUS)) {
3645 if (curop->op_type == OP_GV) {
3646 GV * const gv = cGVOPx_gv(curop);
3648 if (strchr("&`'123456789+-\016\022", *GvENAME(gv)))
3651 else if (curop->op_type == OP_RV2CV)
3653 else if (curop->op_type == OP_RV2SV ||
3654 curop->op_type == OP_RV2AV ||
3655 curop->op_type == OP_RV2HV ||
3656 curop->op_type == OP_RV2GV) {
3657 if (lastop && lastop->op_type != OP_GV) /*funny deref?*/
3660 else if (curop->op_type == OP_PADSV ||
3661 curop->op_type == OP_PADAV ||
3662 curop->op_type == OP_PADHV ||
3663 curop->op_type == OP_PADANY)
3667 else if (curop->op_type == OP_PUSHRE)
3668 NOOP; /* Okay here, dangerous in newASSIGNOP */
3678 || RX_EXTFLAGS(PM_GETRE(pm)) & RXf_EVAL_SEEN)))
3680 pm->op_pmflags |= PMf_CONST; /* const for long enough */
3681 prepend_elem(o->op_type, scalar(repl), o);
3684 if (curop == repl && !PM_GETRE(pm)) { /* Has variables. */
3685 pm->op_pmflags |= PMf_MAYBE_CONST;
3687 NewOp(1101, rcop, 1, LOGOP);
3688 rcop->op_type = OP_SUBSTCONT;
3689 rcop->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_SUBSTCONT];
3690 rcop->op_first = scalar(repl);
3691 rcop->op_flags |= OPf_KIDS;
3692 rcop->op_private = 1;
3695 /* establish postfix order */
3696 rcop->op_next = LINKLIST(repl);
3697 repl->op_next = (OP*)rcop;
3699 pm->op_pmreplrootu.op_pmreplroot = scalar((OP*)rcop);
3700 assert(!(pm->op_pmflags & PMf_ONCE));
3701 pm->op_pmstashstartu.op_pmreplstart = LINKLIST(rcop);
3710 Perl_newSVOP(pTHX_ I32 type, I32 flags, SV *sv)
3715 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_NEWSVOP;
3717 NewOp(1101, svop, 1, SVOP);
3718 svop->op_type = (OPCODE)type;
3719 svop->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[type];
3721 svop->op_next = (OP*)svop;
3722 svop->op_flags = (U8)flags;
3723 if (PL_opargs[type] & OA_RETSCALAR)
3725 if (PL_opargs[type] & OA_TARGET)
3726 svop->op_targ = pad_alloc(type, SVs_PADTMP);
3727 return CHECKOP(type, svop);
3732 Perl_newPADOP(pTHX_ I32 type, I32 flags, SV *sv)
3737 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_NEWPADOP;
3739 NewOp(1101, padop, 1, PADOP);
3740 padop->op_type = (OPCODE)type;
3741 padop->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[type];
3742 padop->op_padix = pad_alloc(type, SVs_PADTMP);
3743 SvREFCNT_dec(PAD_SVl(padop->op_padix));
3744 PAD_SETSV(padop->op_padix, sv);
3747 padop->op_next = (OP*)padop;
3748 padop->op_flags = (U8)flags;
3749 if (PL_opargs[type] & OA_RETSCALAR)
3751 if (PL_opargs[type] & OA_TARGET)
3752 padop->op_targ = pad_alloc(type, SVs_PADTMP);
3753 return CHECKOP(type, padop);
3758 Perl_newGVOP(pTHX_ I32 type, I32 flags, GV *gv)
3762 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_NEWGVOP;
3766 return newPADOP(type, flags, SvREFCNT_inc_simple_NN(gv));
3768 return newSVOP(type, flags, SvREFCNT_inc_simple_NN(gv));
3773 Perl_newPVOP(pTHX_ I32 type, I32 flags, char *pv)
3777 NewOp(1101, pvop, 1, PVOP);
3778 pvop->op_type = (OPCODE)type;
3779 pvop->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[type];
3781 pvop->op_next = (OP*)pvop;
3782 pvop->op_flags = (U8)flags;
3783 if (PL_opargs[type] & OA_RETSCALAR)
3785 if (PL_opargs[type] & OA_TARGET)
3786 pvop->op_targ = pad_alloc(type, SVs_PADTMP);
3787 return CHECKOP(type, pvop);
3795 Perl_package(pTHX_ OP *o)
3798 SV *const sv = cSVOPo->op_sv;
3803 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_PACKAGE;
3805 save_hptr(&PL_curstash);
3806 save_item(PL_curstname);
3808 PL_curstash = gv_stashsv(sv, GV_ADD);
3810 sv_setsv(PL_curstname, sv);
3812 PL_hints |= HINT_BLOCK_SCOPE;
3813 PL_parser->copline = NOLINE;
3814 PL_parser->expect = XSTATE;
3819 if (!PL_madskills) {
3824 pegop = newOP(OP_NULL,0);
3825 op_getmad(o,pegop,'P');
3835 Perl_utilize(pTHX_ int aver, I32 floor, OP *version, OP *idop, OP *arg)
3842 OP *pegop = newOP(OP_NULL,0);
3845 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_UTILIZE;
3847 if (idop->op_type != OP_CONST)
3848 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Module name must be constant");
3851 op_getmad(idop,pegop,'U');
3856 SV * const vesv = ((SVOP*)version)->op_sv;
3859 op_getmad(version,pegop,'V');
3860 if (!arg && !SvNIOKp(vesv)) {
3867 if (version->op_type != OP_CONST || !SvNIOKp(vesv))
3868 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Version number must be constant number");
3870 /* Make copy of idop so we don't free it twice */
3871 pack = newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, newSVsv(((SVOP*)idop)->op_sv));
3873 /* Fake up a method call to VERSION */
3874 meth = newSVpvs_share("VERSION");
3875 veop = convert(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_STACKED|OPf_SPECIAL,
3876 append_elem(OP_LIST,
3877 prepend_elem(OP_LIST, pack, list(version)),
3878 newSVOP(OP_METHOD_NAMED, 0, meth)));
3882 /* Fake up an import/unimport */
3883 if (arg && arg->op_type == OP_STUB) {
3885 op_getmad(arg,pegop,'S');
3886 imop = arg; /* no import on explicit () */
3888 else if (SvNIOKp(((SVOP*)idop)->op_sv)) {
3889 imop = NULL; /* use 5.0; */
3891 idop->op_private |= OPpCONST_NOVER;
3897 op_getmad(arg,pegop,'A');
3899 /* Make copy of idop so we don't free it twice */
3900 pack = newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, newSVsv(((SVOP*)idop)->op_sv));
3902 /* Fake up a method call to import/unimport */
3904 ? newSVpvs_share("import") : newSVpvs_share("unimport");
3905 imop = convert(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_STACKED|OPf_SPECIAL,
3906 append_elem(OP_LIST,
3907 prepend_elem(OP_LIST, pack, list(arg)),
3908 newSVOP(OP_METHOD_NAMED, 0, meth)));
3911 /* Fake up the BEGIN {}, which does its thing immediately. */
3913 newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, newSVpvs_share("BEGIN")),
3916 append_elem(OP_LINESEQ,
3917 append_elem(OP_LINESEQ,
3918 newSTATEOP(0, NULL, newUNOP(OP_REQUIRE, 0, idop)),
3919 newSTATEOP(0, NULL, veop)),
3920 newSTATEOP(0, NULL, imop) ));
3922 /* The "did you use incorrect case?" warning used to be here.
3923 * The problem is that on case-insensitive filesystems one
3924 * might get false positives for "use" (and "require"):
3925 * "use Strict" or "require CARP" will work. This causes
3926 * portability problems for the script: in case-strict
3927 * filesystems the script will stop working.
3929 * The "incorrect case" warning checked whether "use Foo"
3930 * imported "Foo" to your namespace, but that is wrong, too:
3931 * there is no requirement nor promise in the language that
3932 * a Foo.pm should or would contain anything in package "Foo".
3934 * There is very little Configure-wise that can be done, either:
3935 * the case-sensitivity of the build filesystem of Perl does not
3936 * help in guessing the case-sensitivity of the runtime environment.
3939 PL_hints |= HINT_BLOCK_SCOPE;
3940 PL_parser->copline = NOLINE;
3941 PL_parser->expect = XSTATE;
3942 PL_cop_seqmax++; /* Purely for B::*'s benefit */
3945 if (!PL_madskills) {
3946 /* FIXME - don't allocate pegop if !PL_madskills */
3955 =head1 Embedding Functions
3957 =for apidoc load_module
3959 Loads the module whose name is pointed to by the string part of name.
3960 Note that the actual module name, not its filename, should be given.
3961 Eg, "Foo::Bar" instead of "Foo/Bar.pm". flags can be any of
3962 PERL_LOADMOD_DENY, PERL_LOADMOD_NOIMPORT, or PERL_LOADMOD_IMPORT_OPS
3963 (or 0 for no flags). ver, if specified, provides version semantics
3964 similar to C<use Foo::Bar VERSION>. The optional trailing SV*
3965 arguments can be used to specify arguments to the module's import()
3966 method, similar to C<use Foo::Bar VERSION LIST>.
3971 Perl_load_module(pTHX_ U32 flags, SV *name, SV *ver, ...)
3975 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_LOAD_MODULE;
3977 va_start(args, ver);
3978 vload_module(flags, name, ver, &args);
3982 #ifdef PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT
3984 Perl_load_module_nocontext(U32 flags, SV *name, SV *ver, ...)
3988 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_LOAD_MODULE_NOCONTEXT;
3989 va_start(args, ver);
3990 vload_module(flags, name, ver, &args);
3996 Perl_vload_module(pTHX_ U32 flags, SV *name, SV *ver, va_list *args)
4000 OP * const modname = newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, name);
4002 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_VLOAD_MODULE;
4004 modname->op_private |= OPpCONST_BARE;
4006 veop = newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, ver);
4010 if (flags & PERL_LOADMOD_NOIMPORT) {
4011 imop = sawparens(newNULLLIST());
4013 else if (flags & PERL_LOADMOD_IMPORT_OPS) {
4014 imop = va_arg(*args, OP*);
4019 sv = va_arg(*args, SV*);
4021 imop = append_elem(OP_LIST, imop, newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, sv));
4022 sv = va_arg(*args, SV*);
4026 /* utilize() fakes up a BEGIN { require ..; import ... }, so make sure
4027 * that it has a PL_parser to play with while doing that, and also
4028 * that it doesn't mess with any existing parser, by creating a tmp
4029 * new parser with lex_start(). This won't actually be used for much,
4030 * since pp_require() will create another parser for the real work. */
4033 SAVEVPTR(PL_curcop);
4034 lex_start(NULL, NULL, FALSE);
4035 utilize(!(flags & PERL_LOADMOD_DENY), start_subparse(FALSE, 0),
4036 veop, modname, imop);
4041 Perl_dofile(pTHX_ OP *term, I32 force_builtin)
4047 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_DOFILE;
4049 if (!force_builtin) {
4050 gv = gv_fetchpvs("do", GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PVCV);
4051 if (!(gv && GvCVu(gv) && GvIMPORTED_CV(gv))) {
4052 GV * const * const gvp = (GV**)hv_fetchs(PL_globalstash, "do", FALSE);
4053 gv = gvp ? *gvp : NULL;
4057 if (gv && GvCVu(gv) && GvIMPORTED_CV(gv)) {
4058 doop = ck_subr(newUNOP(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_STACKED,
4059 append_elem(OP_LIST, term,
4060 scalar(newUNOP(OP_RV2CV, 0,
4061 newGVOP(OP_GV, 0, gv))))));
4064 doop = newUNOP(OP_DOFILE, 0, scalar(term));
4070 Perl_newSLICEOP(pTHX_ I32 flags, OP *subscript, OP *listval)
4072 return newBINOP(OP_LSLICE, flags,
4073 list(force_list(subscript)),
4074 list(force_list(listval)) );
4078 S_is_list_assignment(pTHX_ register const OP *o)
4086 if ((o->op_type == OP_NULL) && (o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS))
4087 o = cUNOPo->op_first;
4089 flags = o->op_flags;
4091 if (type == OP_COND_EXPR) {
4092 const I32 t = is_list_assignment(cLOGOPo->op_first->op_sibling);
4093 const I32 f = is_list_assignment(cLOGOPo->op_first->op_sibling->op_sibling);
4098 yyerror("Assignment to both a list and a scalar");
4102 if (type == OP_LIST &&
4103 (flags & OPf_WANT) == OPf_WANT_SCALAR &&
4104 o->op_private & OPpLVAL_INTRO)
4107 if (type == OP_LIST || flags & OPf_PARENS ||
4108 type == OP_RV2AV || type == OP_RV2HV ||
4109 type == OP_ASLICE || type == OP_HSLICE)
4112 if (type == OP_PADAV || type == OP_PADHV)
4115 if (type == OP_RV2SV)
4122 Perl_newASSIGNOP(pTHX_ I32 flags, OP *left, I32 optype, OP *right)
4128 if (optype == OP_ANDASSIGN || optype == OP_ORASSIGN || optype == OP_DORASSIGN) {
4129 return newLOGOP(optype, 0,
4130 mod(scalar(left), optype),
4131 newUNOP(OP_SASSIGN, 0, scalar(right)));
4134 return newBINOP(optype, OPf_STACKED,
4135 mod(scalar(left), optype), scalar(right));
4139 if (is_list_assignment(left)) {
4140 static const char no_list_state[] = "Initialization of state variables"
4141 " in list context currently forbidden";
4143 bool maybe_common_vars = TRUE;
4146 /* Grandfathering $[ assignment here. Bletch.*/
4147 /* Only simple assignments like C<< ($[) = 1 >> are allowed */
4148 PL_eval_start = (left->op_type == OP_CONST) ? right : NULL;
4149 left = mod(left, OP_AASSIGN);
4152 else if (left->op_type == OP_CONST) {
4154 /* Result of assignment is always 1 (or we'd be dead already) */
4155 return newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, newSViv(1));
4157 curop = list(force_list(left));
4158 o = newBINOP(OP_AASSIGN, flags, list(force_list(right)), curop);
4159 o->op_private = (U8)(0 | (flags >> 8));
4161 if ((left->op_type == OP_LIST
4162 || (left->op_type == OP_NULL && left->op_targ == OP_LIST)))
4164 OP* lop = ((LISTOP*)left)->op_first;
4165 maybe_common_vars = FALSE;
4167 if (lop->op_type == OP_PADSV ||
4168 lop->op_type == OP_PADAV ||
4169 lop->op_type == OP_PADHV ||
4170 lop->op_type == OP_PADANY) {
4171 if (!(lop->op_private & OPpLVAL_INTRO))
4172 maybe_common_vars = TRUE;
4174 if (lop->op_private & OPpPAD_STATE) {
4175 if (left->op_private & OPpLVAL_INTRO) {
4176 /* Each variable in state($a, $b, $c) = ... */
4179 /* Each state variable in
4180 (state $a, my $b, our $c, $d, undef) = ... */
4182 yyerror(no_list_state);
4184 /* Each my variable in
4185 (state $a, my $b, our $c, $d, undef) = ... */
4187 } else if (lop->op_type == OP_UNDEF ||
4188 lop->op_type == OP_PUSHMARK) {
4189 /* undef may be interesting in
4190 (state $a, undef, state $c) */
4192 /* Other ops in the list. */
4193 maybe_common_vars = TRUE;
4195 lop = lop->op_sibling;
4198 else if ((left->op_private & OPpLVAL_INTRO)
4199 && ( left->op_type == OP_PADSV
4200 || left->op_type == OP_PADAV
4201 || left->op_type == OP_PADHV
4202 || left->op_type == OP_PADANY))
4204 maybe_common_vars = FALSE;
4205 if (left->op_private & OPpPAD_STATE) {
4206 /* All single variable list context state assignments, hence
4216 yyerror(no_list_state);
4220 /* PL_generation sorcery:
4221 * an assignment like ($a,$b) = ($c,$d) is easier than
4222 * ($a,$b) = ($c,$a), since there is no need for temporary vars.
4223 * To detect whether there are common vars, the global var
4224 * PL_generation is incremented for each assign op we compile.
4225 * Then, while compiling the assign op, we run through all the
4226 * variables on both sides of the assignment, setting a spare slot
4227 * in each of them to PL_generation. If any of them already have
4228 * that value, we know we've got commonality. We could use a
4229 * single bit marker, but then we'd have to make 2 passes, first
4230 * to clear the flag, then to test and set it. To find somewhere
4231 * to store these values, evil chicanery is done with SvUVX().
4234 if (maybe_common_vars) {
4237 for (curop = LINKLIST(o); curop != o; curop = LINKLIST(curop)) {
4238 if (PL_opargs[curop->op_type] & OA_DANGEROUS) {
4239 if (curop->op_type == OP_GV) {
4240 GV *gv = cGVOPx_gv(curop);
4242 || (int)GvASSIGN_GENERATION(gv) == PL_generation)
4244 GvASSIGN_GENERATION_set(gv, PL_generation);
4246 else if (curop->op_type == OP_PADSV ||
4247 curop->op_type == OP_PADAV ||
4248 curop->op_type == OP_PADHV ||
4249 curop->op_type == OP_PADANY)
4251 if (PAD_COMPNAME_GEN(curop->op_targ)
4252 == (STRLEN)PL_generation)
4254 PAD_COMPNAME_GEN_set(curop->op_targ, PL_generation);
4257 else if (curop->op_type == OP_RV2CV)
4259 else if (curop->op_type == OP_RV2SV ||
4260 curop->op_type == OP_RV2AV ||
4261 curop->op_type == OP_RV2HV ||
4262 curop->op_type == OP_RV2GV) {
4263 if (lastop->op_type != OP_GV) /* funny deref? */
4266 else if (curop->op_type == OP_PUSHRE) {
4268 if (((PMOP*)curop)->op_pmreplrootu.op_pmtargetoff) {
4269 GV *const gv = MUTABLE_GV(PAD_SVl(((PMOP*)curop)->op_pmreplrootu.op_pmtargetoff));
4271 || (int)GvASSIGN_GENERATION(gv) == PL_generation)
4273 GvASSIGN_GENERATION_set(gv, PL_generation);
4277 = ((PMOP*)curop)->op_pmreplrootu.op_pmtargetgv;
4280 || (int)GvASSIGN_GENERATION(gv) == PL_generation)
4282 GvASSIGN_GENERATION_set(gv, PL_generation);
4292 o->op_private |= OPpASSIGN_COMMON;
4295 if (right && right->op_type == OP_SPLIT && !PL_madskills) {
4296 OP* tmpop = ((LISTOP*)right)->op_first;
4297 if (tmpop && (tmpop->op_type == OP_PUSHRE)) {
4298 PMOP * const pm = (PMOP*)tmpop;
4299 if (left->op_type == OP_RV2AV &&
4300 !(left->op_private & OPpLVAL_INTRO) &&
4301 !(o->op_private & OPpASSIGN_COMMON) )
4303 tmpop = ((UNOP*)left)->op_first;
4304 if (tmpop->op_type == OP_GV
4306 && !pm->op_pmreplrootu.op_pmtargetoff
4308 && !pm->op_pmreplrootu.op_pmtargetgv
4312 pm->op_pmreplrootu.op_pmtargetoff
4313 = cPADOPx(tmpop)->op_padix;
4314 cPADOPx(tmpop)->op_padix = 0; /* steal it */
4316 pm->op_pmreplrootu.op_pmtargetgv
4317 = MUTABLE_GV(cSVOPx(tmpop)->op_sv);
4318 cSVOPx(tmpop)->op_sv = NULL; /* steal it */
4320 pm->op_pmflags |= PMf_ONCE;
4321 tmpop = cUNOPo->op_first; /* to list (nulled) */
4322 tmpop = ((UNOP*)tmpop)->op_first; /* to pushmark */
4323 tmpop->op_sibling = NULL; /* don't free split */
4324 right->op_next = tmpop->op_next; /* fix starting loc */
4325 op_free(o); /* blow off assign */
4326 right->op_flags &= ~OPf_WANT;
4327 /* "I don't know and I don't care." */
4332 if (PL_modcount < RETURN_UNLIMITED_NUMBER &&
4333 ((LISTOP*)right)->op_last->op_type == OP_CONST)
4335 SV *sv = ((SVOP*)((LISTOP*)right)->op_last)->op_sv;
4337 sv_setiv(sv, PL_modcount+1);
4345 right = newOP(OP_UNDEF, 0);
4346 if (right->op_type == OP_READLINE) {
4347 right->op_flags |= OPf_STACKED;
4348 return newBINOP(OP_NULL, flags, mod(scalar(left), OP_SASSIGN), scalar(right));
4351 PL_eval_start = right; /* Grandfathering $[ assignment here. Bletch.*/
4352 o = newBINOP(OP_SASSIGN, flags,
4353 scalar(right), mod(scalar(left), OP_SASSIGN) );
4357 if (!PL_madskills) { /* assignment to $[ is ignored when making a mad dump */
4359 o = newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, newSViv(CopARYBASE_get(&PL_compiling)));
4360 o->op_private |= OPpCONST_ARYBASE;
4368 Perl_newSTATEOP(pTHX_ I32 flags, char *label, OP *o)
4371 const U32 seq = intro_my();
4374 NewOp(1101, cop, 1, COP);
4375 if (PERLDB_LINE && CopLINE(PL_curcop) && PL_curstash != PL_debstash) {
4376 cop->op_type = OP_DBSTATE;
4377 cop->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[ OP_DBSTATE ];
4380 cop->op_type = OP_NEXTSTATE;
4381 cop->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[ OP_NEXTSTATE ];
4383 cop->op_flags = (U8)flags;
4384 CopHINTS_set(cop, PL_hints);
4386 cop->op_private |= NATIVE_HINTS;
4388 CopHINTS_set(&PL_compiling, CopHINTS_get(cop));
4389 cop->op_next = (OP*)cop;
4392 /* CopARYBASE is now "virtual", in that it's stored as a flag bit in
4393 CopHINTS and a possible value in cop_hints_hash, so no need to copy it.
4395 cop->cop_warnings = DUP_WARNINGS(PL_curcop->cop_warnings);
4396 cop->cop_hints_hash = PL_curcop->cop_hints_hash;
4397 if (cop->cop_hints_hash) {
4399 cop->cop_hints_hash->refcounted_he_refcnt++;
4400 HINTS_REFCNT_UNLOCK;
4404 = Perl_store_cop_label(aTHX_ cop->cop_hints_hash, label);
4406 PL_hints |= HINT_BLOCK_SCOPE;
4407 /* It seems that we need to defer freeing this pointer, as other parts
4408 of the grammar end up wanting to copy it after this op has been
4413 if (PL_parser && PL_parser->copline == NOLINE)
4414 CopLINE_set(cop, CopLINE(PL_curcop));
4416 CopLINE_set(cop, PL_parser->copline);
4418 PL_parser->copline = NOLINE;
4421 CopFILE_set(cop, CopFILE(PL_curcop)); /* XXX share in a pvtable? */
4423 CopFILEGV_set(cop, CopFILEGV(PL_curcop));
4425 CopSTASH_set(cop, PL_curstash);
4427 if ((PERLDB_LINE || PERLDB_SAVESRC) && PL_curstash != PL_debstash) {
4428 /* this line can have a breakpoint - store the cop in IV */
4429 AV *av = CopFILEAVx(PL_curcop);
4431 SV * const * const svp = av_fetch(av, (I32)CopLINE(cop), FALSE);
4432 if (svp && *svp != &PL_sv_undef ) {
4433 (void)SvIOK_on(*svp);
4434 SvIV_set(*svp, PTR2IV(cop));
4439 if (flags & OPf_SPECIAL)
4441 return prepend_elem(OP_LINESEQ, (OP*)cop, o);
4446 Perl_newLOGOP(pTHX_ I32 type, I32 flags, OP *first, OP *other)
4450 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_NEWLOGOP;
4452 return new_logop(type, flags, &first, &other);
4456 S_search_const(pTHX_ OP *o)
4458 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_SEARCH_CONST;
4460 switch (o->op_type) {
4464 if (o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS)
4465 return search_const(cUNOPo->op_first);
4472 if (!(o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS))
4474 kid = cLISTOPo->op_first;
4476 switch (kid->op_type) {
4480 kid = kid->op_sibling;
4483 if (kid != cLISTOPo->op_last)
4489 kid = cLISTOPo->op_last;
4491 return search_const(kid);
4499 S_new_logop(pTHX_ I32 type, I32 flags, OP** firstp, OP** otherp)
4507 int prepend_not = 0;
4509 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_NEW_LOGOP;
4514 if (type == OP_XOR) /* Not short circuit, but here by precedence. */
4515 return newBINOP(type, flags, scalar(first), scalar(other));
4517 scalarboolean(first);
4518 /* optimize AND and OR ops that have NOTs as children */
4519 if (first->op_type == OP_NOT
4520 && (first->op_flags & OPf_KIDS)
4521 && ((first->op_flags & OPf_SPECIAL) /* unless ($x) { } */
4522 || (other->op_type == OP_NOT)) /* if (!$x && !$y) { } */
4524 if (type == OP_AND || type == OP_OR) {
4530 if (other->op_type == OP_NOT) { /* !a AND|OR !b => !(a OR|AND b) */
4532 prepend_not = 1; /* prepend a NOT op later */
4536 /* search for a constant op that could let us fold the test */
4537 if ((cstop = search_const(first))) {
4538 if (cstop->op_private & OPpCONST_STRICT)
4539 no_bareword_allowed(cstop);
4540 else if ((cstop->op_private & OPpCONST_BARE) && ckWARN(WARN_BAREWORD))
4541 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_BAREWORD), "Bareword found in conditional");
4542 if ((type == OP_AND && SvTRUE(((SVOP*)cstop)->op_sv)) ||
4543 (type == OP_OR && !SvTRUE(((SVOP*)cstop)->op_sv)) ||
4544 (type == OP_DOR && !SvOK(((SVOP*)cstop)->op_sv))) {
4546 if (other->op_type == OP_CONST)
4547 other->op_private |= OPpCONST_SHORTCIRCUIT;
4549 OP *newop = newUNOP(OP_NULL, 0, other);
4550 op_getmad(first, newop, '1');
4551 newop->op_targ = type; /* set "was" field */
4558 /* check for C<my $x if 0>, or C<my($x,$y) if 0> */
4559 const OP *o2 = other;
4560 if ( ! (o2->op_type == OP_LIST
4561 && (( o2 = cUNOPx(o2)->op_first))
4562 && o2->op_type == OP_PUSHMARK
4563 && (( o2 = o2->op_sibling)) )
4566 if ((o2->op_type == OP_PADSV || o2->op_type == OP_PADAV
4567 || o2->op_type == OP_PADHV)
4568 && o2->op_private & OPpLVAL_INTRO
4569 && !(o2->op_private & OPpPAD_STATE)
4570 && ckWARN(WARN_DEPRECATED))
4572 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEPRECATED),
4573 "Deprecated use of my() in false conditional");
4577 if (first->op_type == OP_CONST)
4578 first->op_private |= OPpCONST_SHORTCIRCUIT;
4580 first = newUNOP(OP_NULL, 0, first);
4581 op_getmad(other, first, '2');
4582 first->op_targ = type; /* set "was" field */
4589 else if ((first->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) && type != OP_DOR
4590 && ckWARN(WARN_MISC)) /* [#24076] Don't warn for <FH> err FOO. */
4592 const OP * const k1 = ((UNOP*)first)->op_first;
4593 const OP * const k2 = k1->op_sibling;
4595 switch (first->op_type)
4598 if (k2 && k2->op_type == OP_READLINE
4599 && (k2->op_flags & OPf_STACKED)
4600 && ((k1->op_flags & OPf_WANT) == OPf_WANT_SCALAR))
4602 warnop = k2->op_type;
4607 if (k1->op_type == OP_READDIR
4608 || k1->op_type == OP_GLOB
4609 || (k1->op_type == OP_NULL && k1->op_targ == OP_GLOB)
4610 || k1->op_type == OP_EACH)
4612 warnop = ((k1->op_type == OP_NULL)
4613 ? (OPCODE)k1->op_targ : k1->op_type);
4618 const line_t oldline = CopLINE(PL_curcop);
4619 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, PL_parser->copline);
4620 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_MISC),
4621 "Value of %s%s can be \"0\"; test with defined()",
4623 ((warnop == OP_READLINE || warnop == OP_GLOB)
4624 ? " construct" : "() operator"));
4625 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
4632 if (type == OP_ANDASSIGN || type == OP_ORASSIGN || type == OP_DORASSIGN)
4633 other->op_private |= OPpASSIGN_BACKWARDS; /* other is an OP_SASSIGN */
4635 NewOp(1101, logop, 1, LOGOP);
4637 logop->op_type = (OPCODE)type;
4638 logop->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[type];
4639 logop->op_first = first;
4640 logop->op_flags = (U8)(flags | OPf_KIDS);
4641 logop->op_other = LINKLIST(other);
4642 logop->op_private = (U8)(1 | (flags >> 8));
4644 /* establish postfix order */
4645 logop->op_next = LINKLIST(first);
4646 first->op_next = (OP*)logop;
4647 first->op_sibling = other;
4649 CHECKOP(type,logop);
4651 o = newUNOP(prepend_not ? OP_NOT : OP_NULL, 0, (OP*)logop);
4658 Perl_newCONDOP(pTHX_ I32 flags, OP *first, OP *trueop, OP *falseop)
4666 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_NEWCONDOP;
4669 return newLOGOP(OP_AND, 0, first, trueop);
4671 return newLOGOP(OP_OR, 0, first, falseop);
4673 scalarboolean(first);
4674 if ((cstop = search_const(first))) {
4675 /* Left or right arm of the conditional? */
4676 const bool left = SvTRUE(((SVOP*)cstop)->op_sv);
4677 OP *live = left ? trueop : falseop;
4678 OP *const dead = left ? falseop : trueop;
4679 if (cstop->op_private & OPpCONST_BARE &&
4680 cstop->op_private & OPpCONST_STRICT) {
4681 no_bareword_allowed(cstop);
4684 /* This is all dead code when PERL_MAD is not defined. */
4685 live = newUNOP(OP_NULL, 0, live);
4686 op_getmad(first, live, 'C');
4687 op_getmad(dead, live, left ? 'e' : 't');
4694 NewOp(1101, logop, 1, LOGOP);
4695 logop->op_type = OP_COND_EXPR;
4696 logop->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_COND_EXPR];
4697 logop->op_first = first;
4698 logop->op_flags = (U8)(flags | OPf_KIDS);
4699 logop->op_private = (U8)(1 | (flags >> 8));
4700 logop->op_other = LINKLIST(trueop);
4701 logop->op_next = LINKLIST(falseop);
4703 CHECKOP(OP_COND_EXPR, /* that's logop->op_type */
4706 /* establish postfix order */
4707 start = LINKLIST(first);
4708 first->op_next = (OP*)logop;
4710 first->op_sibling = trueop;
4711 trueop->op_sibling = falseop;
4712 o = newUNOP(OP_NULL, 0, (OP*)logop);
4714 trueop->op_next = falseop->op_next = o;
4721 Perl_newRANGE(pTHX_ I32 flags, OP *left, OP *right)
4730 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_NEWRANGE;
4732 NewOp(1101, range, 1, LOGOP);
4734 range->op_type = OP_RANGE;
4735 range->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_RANGE];
4736 range->op_first = left;
4737 range->op_flags = OPf_KIDS;
4738 leftstart = LINKLIST(left);
4739 range->op_other = LINKLIST(right);
4740 range->op_private = (U8)(1 | (flags >> 8));
4742 left->op_sibling = right;
4744 range->op_next = (OP*)range;
4745 flip = newUNOP(OP_FLIP, flags, (OP*)range);
4746 flop = newUNOP(OP_FLOP, 0, flip);
4747 o = newUNOP(OP_NULL, 0, flop);
4749 range->op_next = leftstart;
4751 left->op_next = flip;
4752 right->op_next = flop;
4754 range->op_targ = pad_alloc(OP_RANGE, SVs_PADMY);
4755 sv_upgrade(PAD_SV(range->op_targ), SVt_PVNV);
4756 flip->op_targ = pad_alloc(OP_RANGE, SVs_PADMY);
4757 sv_upgrade(PAD_SV(flip->op_targ), SVt_PVNV);
4759 flip->op_private = left->op_type == OP_CONST ? OPpFLIP_LINENUM : 0;
4760 flop->op_private = right->op_type == OP_CONST ? OPpFLIP_LINENUM : 0;
4763 if (!flip->op_private || !flop->op_private)
4764 linklist(o); /* blow off optimizer unless constant */
4770 Perl_newLOOPOP(pTHX_ I32 flags, I32 debuggable, OP *expr, OP *block)
4775 const bool once = block && block->op_flags & OPf_SPECIAL &&
4776 (block->op_type == OP_ENTERSUB || block->op_type == OP_NULL);
4778 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(debuggable);
4781 if (once && expr->op_type == OP_CONST && !SvTRUE(((SVOP*)expr)->op_sv))
4782 return block; /* do {} while 0 does once */
4783 if (expr->op_type == OP_READLINE || expr->op_type == OP_GLOB
4784 || (expr->op_type == OP_NULL && expr->op_targ == OP_GLOB)) {
4785 expr = newUNOP(OP_DEFINED, 0,
4786 newASSIGNOP(0, newDEFSVOP(), 0, expr) );
4787 } else if (expr->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) {
4788 const OP * const k1 = ((UNOP*)expr)->op_first;
4789 const OP * const k2 = k1 ? k1->op_sibling : NULL;
4790 switch (expr->op_type) {
4792 if (k2 && k2->op_type == OP_READLINE
4793 && (k2->op_flags & OPf_STACKED)
4794 && ((k1->op_flags & OPf_WANT) == OPf_WANT_SCALAR))
4795 expr = newUNOP(OP_DEFINED, 0, expr);
4799 if (k1 && (k1->op_type == OP_READDIR
4800 || k1->op_type == OP_GLOB
4801 || (k1->op_type == OP_NULL && k1->op_targ == OP_GLOB)
4802 || k1->op_type == OP_EACH))
4803 expr = newUNOP(OP_DEFINED, 0, expr);
4809 /* if block is null, the next append_elem() would put UNSTACK, a scalar
4810 * op, in listop. This is wrong. [perl #27024] */
4812 block = newOP(OP_NULL, 0);
4813 listop = append_elem(OP_LINESEQ, block, newOP(OP_UNSTACK, 0));
4814 o = new_logop(OP_AND, 0, &expr, &listop);
4817 ((LISTOP*)listop)->op_last->op_next = LINKLIST(o);
4819 if (once && o != listop)
4820 o->op_next = ((LOGOP*)cUNOPo->op_first)->op_other;
4823 o = newUNOP(OP_NULL, 0, o); /* or do {} while 1 loses outer block */
4825 o->op_flags |= flags;
4827 o->op_flags |= OPf_SPECIAL; /* suppress POPBLOCK curpm restoration*/
4832 Perl_newWHILEOP(pTHX_ I32 flags, I32 debuggable, LOOP *loop, I32
4833 whileline, OP *expr, OP *block, OP *cont, I32 has_my)
4842 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(debuggable);
4845 if (expr->op_type == OP_READLINE || expr->op_type == OP_GLOB
4846 || (expr->op_type == OP_NULL && expr->op_targ == OP_GLOB)) {
4847 expr = newUNOP(OP_DEFINED, 0,
4848 newASSIGNOP(0, newDEFSVOP(), 0, expr) );
4849 } else if (expr->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) {
4850 const OP * const k1 = ((UNOP*)expr)->op_first;
4851 const OP * const k2 = (k1) ? k1->op_sibling : NULL;
4852 switch (expr->op_type) {
4854 if (k2 && k2->op_type == OP_READLINE
4855 && (k2->op_flags & OPf_STACKED)
4856 && ((k1->op_flags & OPf_WANT) == OPf_WANT_SCALAR))
4857 expr = newUNOP(OP_DEFINED, 0, expr);
4861 if (k1 && (k1->op_type == OP_READDIR
4862 || k1->op_type == OP_GLOB
4863 || (k1->op_type == OP_NULL && k1->op_targ == OP_GLOB)
4864 || k1->op_type == OP_EACH))
4865 expr = newUNOP(OP_DEFINED, 0, expr);
4872 block = newOP(OP_NULL, 0);
4873 else if (cont || has_my) {
4874 block = scope(block);
4878 next = LINKLIST(cont);
4881 OP * const unstack = newOP(OP_UNSTACK, 0);
4884 cont = append_elem(OP_LINESEQ, cont, unstack);
4888 listop = append_list(OP_LINESEQ, (LISTOP*)block, (LISTOP*)cont);
4890 redo = LINKLIST(listop);
4893 PL_parser->copline = (line_t)whileline;
4895 o = new_logop(OP_AND, 0, &expr, &listop);
4896 if (o == expr && o->op_type == OP_CONST && !SvTRUE(cSVOPo->op_sv)) {
4897 op_free(expr); /* oops, it's a while (0) */
4899 return NULL; /* listop already freed by new_logop */
4902 ((LISTOP*)listop)->op_last->op_next =
4903 (o == listop ? redo : LINKLIST(o));
4909 NewOp(1101,loop,1,LOOP);
4910 loop->op_type = OP_ENTERLOOP;
4911 loop->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_ENTERLOOP];
4912 loop->op_private = 0;
4913 loop->op_next = (OP*)loop;
4916 o = newBINOP(OP_LEAVELOOP, 0, (OP*)loop, o);
4918 loop->op_redoop = redo;
4919 loop->op_lastop = o;
4920 o->op_private |= loopflags;
4923 loop->op_nextop = next;
4925 loop->op_nextop = o;
4927 o->op_flags |= flags;
4928 o->op_private |= (flags >> 8);
4933 Perl_newFOROP(pTHX_ I32 flags, char *label, line_t forline, OP *sv, OP *expr, OP *block, OP *cont)
4938 PADOFFSET padoff = 0;
4943 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_NEWFOROP;
4946 if (sv->op_type == OP_RV2SV) { /* symbol table variable */
4947 iterpflags = sv->op_private & OPpOUR_INTRO; /* for our $x () */
4948 sv->op_type = OP_RV2GV;
4949 sv->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_RV2GV];
4951 /* The op_type check is needed to prevent a possible segfault
4952 * if the loop variable is undeclared and 'strict vars' is in
4953 * effect. This is illegal but is nonetheless parsed, so we
4954 * may reach this point with an OP_CONST where we're expecting
4957 if (cUNOPx(sv)->op_first->op_type == OP_GV
4958 && cGVOPx_gv(cUNOPx(sv)->op_first) == PL_defgv)
4959 iterpflags |= OPpITER_DEF;
4961 else if (sv->op_type == OP_PADSV) { /* private variable */
4962 iterpflags = sv->op_private & OPpLVAL_INTRO; /* for my $x () */
4963 padoff = sv->op_targ;
4973 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't use %s for loop variable", PL_op_desc[sv->op_type]);
4975 SV *const namesv = PAD_COMPNAME_SV(padoff);
4977 const char *const name = SvPV_const(namesv, len);
4979 if (len == 2 && name[0] == '$' && name[1] == '_')
4980 iterpflags |= OPpITER_DEF;
4984 const PADOFFSET offset = pad_findmy("$_");
4985 if (offset == NOT_IN_PAD || PAD_COMPNAME_FLAGS_isOUR(offset)) {
4986 sv = newGVOP(OP_GV, 0, PL_defgv);
4991 iterpflags |= OPpITER_DEF;
4993 if (expr->op_type == OP_RV2AV || expr->op_type == OP_PADAV) {
4994 expr = mod(force_list(scalar(ref(expr, OP_ITER))), OP_GREPSTART);
4995 iterflags |= OPf_STACKED;
4997 else if (expr->op_type == OP_NULL &&
4998 (expr->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) &&
4999 ((BINOP*)expr)->op_first->op_type == OP_FLOP)
5001 /* Basically turn for($x..$y) into the same as for($x,$y), but we
5002 * set the STACKED flag to indicate that these values are to be
5003 * treated as min/max values by 'pp_iterinit'.
5005 const UNOP* const flip = (UNOP*)((UNOP*)((BINOP*)expr)->op_first)->op_first;
5006 LOGOP* const range = (LOGOP*) flip->op_first;
5007 OP* const left = range->op_first;
5008 OP* const right = left->op_sibling;
5011 range->op_flags &= ~OPf_KIDS;
5012 range->op_first = NULL;
5014 listop = (LISTOP*)newLISTOP(OP_LIST, 0, left, right);
5015 listop->op_first->op_next = range->op_next;
5016 left->op_next = range->op_other;
5017 right->op_next = (OP*)listop;
5018 listop->op_next = listop->op_first;
5021 op_getmad(expr,(OP*)listop,'O');
5025 expr = (OP*)(listop);
5027 iterflags |= OPf_STACKED;
5030 expr = mod(force_list(expr), OP_GREPSTART);
5033 loop = (LOOP*)list(convert(OP_ENTERITER, iterflags,
5034 append_elem(OP_LIST, expr, scalar(sv))));
5035 assert(!loop->op_next);
5036 /* for my $x () sets OPpLVAL_INTRO;
5037 * for our $x () sets OPpOUR_INTRO */
5038 loop->op_private = (U8)iterpflags;
5039 #ifdef PL_OP_SLAB_ALLOC
5042 NewOp(1234,tmp,1,LOOP);
5043 Copy(loop,tmp,1,LISTOP);
5044 S_op_destroy(aTHX_ (OP*)loop);
5048 loop = (LOOP*)PerlMemShared_realloc(loop, sizeof(LOOP));
5050 loop->op_targ = padoff;
5051 wop = newWHILEOP(flags, 1, loop, forline, newOP(OP_ITER, 0), block, cont, 0);
5053 op_getmad(madsv, (OP*)loop, 'v');
5054 PL_parser->copline = forline;
5055 return newSTATEOP(0, label, wop);
5059 Perl_newLOOPEX(pTHX_ I32 type, OP *label)
5064 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_NEWLOOPEX;
5066 if (type != OP_GOTO || label->op_type == OP_CONST) {
5067 /* "last()" means "last" */
5068 if (label->op_type == OP_STUB && (label->op_flags & OPf_PARENS))
5069 o = newOP(type, OPf_SPECIAL);
5071 o = newPVOP(type, 0, savesharedpv(label->op_type == OP_CONST
5072 ? SvPV_nolen_const(((SVOP*)label)->op_sv)
5076 op_getmad(label,o,'L');
5082 /* Check whether it's going to be a goto &function */
5083 if (label->op_type == OP_ENTERSUB
5084 && !(label->op_flags & OPf_STACKED))
5085 label = newUNOP(OP_REFGEN, 0, mod(label, OP_REFGEN));
5086 o = newUNOP(type, OPf_STACKED, label);
5088 PL_hints |= HINT_BLOCK_SCOPE;
5092 /* if the condition is a literal array or hash
5093 (or @{ ... } etc), make a reference to it.
5096 S_ref_array_or_hash(pTHX_ OP *cond)
5099 && (cond->op_type == OP_RV2AV
5100 || cond->op_type == OP_PADAV
5101 || cond->op_type == OP_RV2HV
5102 || cond->op_type == OP_PADHV))
5104 return newUNOP(OP_REFGEN,
5105 0, mod(cond, OP_REFGEN));
5111 /* These construct the optree fragments representing given()
5114 entergiven and enterwhen are LOGOPs; the op_other pointer
5115 points up to the associated leave op. We need this so we
5116 can put it in the context and make break/continue work.
5117 (Also, of course, pp_enterwhen will jump straight to
5118 op_other if the match fails.)
5122 S_newGIVWHENOP(pTHX_ OP *cond, OP *block,
5123 I32 enter_opcode, I32 leave_opcode,
5124 PADOFFSET entertarg)
5130 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_NEWGIVWHENOP;
5132 NewOp(1101, enterop, 1, LOGOP);
5133 enterop->op_type = (Optype)enter_opcode;
5134 enterop->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[enter_opcode];
5135 enterop->op_flags = (U8) OPf_KIDS;
5136 enterop->op_targ = ((entertarg == NOT_IN_PAD) ? 0 : entertarg);
5137 enterop->op_private = 0;
5139 o = newUNOP(leave_opcode, 0, (OP *) enterop);
5142 enterop->op_first = scalar(cond);
5143 cond->op_sibling = block;
5145 o->op_next = LINKLIST(cond);
5146 cond->op_next = (OP *) enterop;
5149 /* This is a default {} block */
5150 enterop->op_first = block;
5151 enterop->op_flags |= OPf_SPECIAL;
5153 o->op_next = (OP *) enterop;
5156 CHECKOP(enter_opcode, enterop); /* Currently does nothing, since
5157 entergiven and enterwhen both
5160 enterop->op_next = LINKLIST(block);
5161 block->op_next = enterop->op_other = o;
5166 /* Does this look like a boolean operation? For these purposes
5167 a boolean operation is:
5168 - a subroutine call [*]
5169 - a logical connective
5170 - a comparison operator
5171 - a filetest operator, with the exception of -s -M -A -C
5172 - defined(), exists() or eof()
5173 - /$re/ or $foo =~ /$re/
5175 [*] possibly surprising
5178 S_looks_like_bool(pTHX_ const OP *o)
5182 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_LOOKS_LIKE_BOOL;
5184 switch(o->op_type) {
5186 return looks_like_bool(cLOGOPo->op_first);
5190 looks_like_bool(cLOGOPo->op_first)
5191 && looks_like_bool(cLOGOPo->op_first->op_sibling));
5195 o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS
5196 && looks_like_bool(cUNOPo->op_first));
5200 case OP_NOT: case OP_XOR:
5201 /* Note that OP_DOR is not here */
5203 case OP_EQ: case OP_NE: case OP_LT:
5204 case OP_GT: case OP_LE: case OP_GE:
5206 case OP_I_EQ: case OP_I_NE: case OP_I_LT:
5207 case OP_I_GT: case OP_I_LE: case OP_I_GE:
5209 case OP_SEQ: case OP_SNE: case OP_SLT:
5210 case OP_SGT: case OP_SLE: case OP_SGE:
5214 case OP_FTRREAD: case OP_FTRWRITE: case OP_FTREXEC:
5215 case OP_FTEREAD: case OP_FTEWRITE: case OP_FTEEXEC:
5216 case OP_FTIS: case OP_FTEOWNED: case OP_FTROWNED:
5217 case OP_FTZERO: case OP_FTSOCK: case OP_FTCHR:
5218 case OP_FTBLK: case OP_FTFILE: case OP_FTDIR:
5219 case OP_FTPIPE: case OP_FTLINK: case OP_FTSUID:
5220 case OP_FTSGID: case OP_FTSVTX: case OP_FTTTY:
5221 case OP_FTTEXT: case OP_FTBINARY:
5223 case OP_DEFINED: case OP_EXISTS:
5224 case OP_MATCH: case OP_EOF:
5229 /* Detect comparisons that have been optimized away */
5230 if (cSVOPo->op_sv == &PL_sv_yes
5231 || cSVOPo->op_sv == &PL_sv_no)
5242 Perl_newGIVENOP(pTHX_ OP *cond, OP *block, PADOFFSET defsv_off)
5245 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_NEWGIVENOP;
5246 return newGIVWHENOP(
5247 ref_array_or_hash(cond),
5249 OP_ENTERGIVEN, OP_LEAVEGIVEN,
5253 /* If cond is null, this is a default {} block */
5255 Perl_newWHENOP(pTHX_ OP *cond, OP *block)
5257 const bool cond_llb = (!cond || looks_like_bool(cond));
5260 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_NEWWHENOP;
5265 cond_op = newBINOP(OP_SMARTMATCH, OPf_SPECIAL,
5267 scalar(ref_array_or_hash(cond)));
5270 return newGIVWHENOP(
5272 append_elem(block->op_type, block, newOP(OP_BREAK, OPf_SPECIAL)),
5273 OP_ENTERWHEN, OP_LEAVEWHEN, 0);
5277 =for apidoc cv_undef
5279 Clear out all the active components of a CV. This can happen either
5280 by an explicit C<undef &foo>, or by the reference count going to zero.
5281 In the former case, we keep the CvOUTSIDE pointer, so that any anonymous
5282 children can still follow the full lexical scope chain.
5288 Perl_cv_undef(pTHX_ CV *cv)
5292 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CV_UNDEF;
5294 DEBUG_X(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
5295 "CV undef: cv=0x%"UVxf" comppad=0x%"UVxf"\n",
5296 PTR2UV(cv), PTR2UV(PL_comppad))
5300 if (CvFILE(cv) && !CvISXSUB(cv)) {
5301 /* for XSUBs CvFILE point directly to static memory; __FILE__ */
5302 Safefree(CvFILE(cv));
5307 if (!CvISXSUB(cv) && CvROOT(cv)) {
5308 if (SvTYPE(cv) == SVt_PVCV && CvDEPTH(cv))
5309 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't undef active subroutine");
5312 PAD_SAVE_SETNULLPAD();
5314 op_free(CvROOT(cv));
5319 SvPOK_off(MUTABLE_SV(cv)); /* forget prototype */
5324 /* remove CvOUTSIDE unless this is an undef rather than a free */
5325 if (!SvREFCNT(cv) && CvOUTSIDE(cv)) {
5326 if (!CvWEAKOUTSIDE(cv))
5327 SvREFCNT_dec(CvOUTSIDE(cv));
5328 CvOUTSIDE(cv) = NULL;
5331 SvREFCNT_dec(MUTABLE_SV(CvXSUBANY(cv).any_ptr));
5334 if (CvISXSUB(cv) && CvXSUB(cv)) {
5337 /* delete all flags except WEAKOUTSIDE */
5338 CvFLAGS(cv) &= CVf_WEAKOUTSIDE;
5342 Perl_cv_ckproto_len(pTHX_ const CV *cv, const GV *gv, const char *p,
5345 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CV_CKPROTO_LEN;
5347 /* Can't just use a strcmp on the prototype, as CONSTSUBs "cheat" by
5348 relying on SvCUR, and doubling up the buffer to hold CvFILE(). */
5349 if (((!p != !SvPOK(cv)) /* One has prototype, one has not. */
5350 || (p && (len != SvCUR(cv) /* Not the same length. */
5351 || memNE(p, SvPVX_const(cv), len))))
5352 && ckWARN_d(WARN_PROTOTYPE)) {
5353 SV* const msg = sv_newmortal();
5357 gv_efullname3(name = sv_newmortal(), gv, NULL);
5358 sv_setpvs(msg, "Prototype mismatch:");
5360 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ msg, " sub %"SVf, SVfARG(name));
5362 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ msg, " (%"SVf")", SVfARG(cv));
5364 sv_catpvs(msg, ": none");
5365 sv_catpvs(msg, " vs ");
5367 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ msg, "(%.*s)", (int) len, p);
5369 sv_catpvs(msg, "none");
5370 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_PROTOTYPE), "%"SVf, SVfARG(msg));
5374 static void const_sv_xsub(pTHX_ CV* cv);
5378 =head1 Optree Manipulation Functions
5380 =for apidoc cv_const_sv
5382 If C<cv> is a constant sub eligible for inlining. returns the constant
5383 value returned by the sub. Otherwise, returns NULL.
5385 Constant subs can be created with C<newCONSTSUB> or as described in
5386 L<perlsub/"Constant Functions">.
5391 Perl_cv_const_sv(pTHX_ const CV *const cv)
5393 PERL_UNUSED_CONTEXT;
5396 if (!(SvTYPE(cv) == SVt_PVCV || SvTYPE(cv) == SVt_PVFM))
5398 return CvCONST(cv) ? MUTABLE_SV(CvXSUBANY(cv).any_ptr) : NULL;
5401 /* op_const_sv: examine an optree to determine whether it's in-lineable.
5402 * Can be called in 3 ways:
5405 * look for a single OP_CONST with attached value: return the value
5407 * cv && CvCLONE(cv) && !CvCONST(cv)
5409 * examine the clone prototype, and if contains only a single
5410 * OP_CONST referencing a pad const, or a single PADSV referencing
5411 * an outer lexical, return a non-zero value to indicate the CV is
5412 * a candidate for "constizing" at clone time
5416 * We have just cloned an anon prototype that was marked as a const
5417 * candidiate. Try to grab the current value, and in the case of
5418 * PADSV, ignore it if it has multiple references. Return the value.
5422 Perl_op_const_sv(pTHX_ const OP *o, CV *cv)
5433 if (o->op_type == OP_LINESEQ && cLISTOPo->op_first)
5434 o = cLISTOPo->op_first->op_sibling;
5436 for (; o; o = o->op_next) {
5437 const OPCODE type = o->op_type;
5439 if (sv && o->op_next == o)
5441 if (o->op_next != o) {
5442 if (type == OP_NEXTSTATE || type == OP_NULL || type == OP_PUSHMARK)
5444 if (type == OP_DBSTATE)
5447 if (type == OP_LEAVESUB || type == OP_RETURN)
5451 if (type == OP_CONST && cSVOPo->op_sv)
5453 else if (cv && type == OP_CONST) {
5454 sv = PAD_BASE_SV(CvPADLIST(cv), o->op_targ);
5458 else if (cv && type == OP_PADSV) {
5459 if (CvCONST(cv)) { /* newly cloned anon */
5460 sv = PAD_BASE_SV(CvPADLIST(cv), o->op_targ);
5461 /* the candidate should have 1 ref from this pad and 1 ref
5462 * from the parent */
5463 if (!sv || SvREFCNT(sv) != 2)
5470 if (PAD_COMPNAME_FLAGS(o->op_targ) & SVf_FAKE)
5471 sv = &PL_sv_undef; /* an arbitrary non-null value */
5486 Perl_newMYSUB(pTHX_ I32 floor, OP *o, OP *proto, OP *attrs, OP *block)
5489 /* This would be the return value, but the return cannot be reached. */
5490 OP* pegop = newOP(OP_NULL, 0);
5493 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(floor);
5503 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "\"my sub\" not yet implemented");
5505 NORETURN_FUNCTION_END;
5510 Perl_newSUB(pTHX_ I32 floor, OP *o, OP *proto, OP *block)
5512 return Perl_newATTRSUB(aTHX_ floor, o, proto, NULL, block);
5516 Perl_newATTRSUB(pTHX_ I32 floor, OP *o, OP *proto, OP *attrs, OP *block)
5523 register CV *cv = NULL;
5525 /* If the subroutine has no body, no attributes, and no builtin attributes
5526 then it's just a sub declaration, and we may be able to get away with
5527 storing with a placeholder scalar in the symbol table, rather than a
5528 full GV and CV. If anything is present then it will take a full CV to
5530 const I32 gv_fetch_flags
5531 = (block || attrs || (CvFLAGS(PL_compcv) & CVf_BUILTIN_ATTRS)
5533 ? GV_ADDMULTI : GV_ADDMULTI | GV_NOINIT;
5534 const char * const name = o ? SvPV_nolen_const(cSVOPo->op_sv) : NULL;
5537 assert(proto->op_type == OP_CONST);
5538 ps = SvPV_const(((SVOP*)proto)->op_sv, ps_len);
5543 if (!name && PERLDB_NAMEANON && CopLINE(PL_curcop)) {
5544 SV * const sv = sv_newmortal();
5545 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ sv, "%s[%s:%"IVdf"]",
5546 PL_curstash ? "__ANON__" : "__ANON__::__ANON__",
5547 CopFILE(PL_curcop), (IV)CopLINE(PL_curcop));
5548 aname = SvPVX_const(sv);
5553 gv = name ? gv_fetchsv(cSVOPo->op_sv, gv_fetch_flags, SVt_PVCV)
5554 : gv_fetchpv(aname ? aname
5555 : (PL_curstash ? "__ANON__" : "__ANON__::__ANON__"),
5556 gv_fetch_flags, SVt_PVCV);
5558 if (!PL_madskills) {
5567 if (SvTYPE(gv) != SVt_PVGV) { /* Maybe prototype now, and had at
5568 maximum a prototype before. */
5569 if (SvTYPE(gv) > SVt_NULL) {
5570 if (!SvPOK((const SV *)gv)
5571 && !(SvIOK((const SV *)gv) && SvIVX((const SV *)gv) == -1)
5572 && ckWARN_d(WARN_PROTOTYPE))
5574 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_PROTOTYPE), "Runaway prototype");
5576 cv_ckproto_len((const CV *)gv, NULL, ps, ps_len);
5579 sv_setpvn(MUTABLE_SV(gv), ps, ps_len);
5581 sv_setiv(MUTABLE_SV(gv), -1);
5583 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compcv);
5584 cv = PL_compcv = NULL;
5588 cv = (!name || GvCVGEN(gv)) ? NULL : GvCV(gv);
5590 #ifdef GV_UNIQUE_CHECK
5591 if (cv && GvUNIQUE(gv) && SvREADONLY(cv)) {
5592 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't define subroutine %s (GV is unique)", name);
5596 if (!block || !ps || *ps || attrs
5597 || (CvFLAGS(PL_compcv) & CVf_BUILTIN_ATTRS)
5599 || block->op_type == OP_NULL
5604 const_sv = op_const_sv(block, NULL);
5607 const bool exists = CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv);
5609 #ifdef GV_UNIQUE_CHECK
5610 if (exists && GvUNIQUE(gv)) {
5611 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't redefine unique subroutine %s", name);
5615 /* if the subroutine doesn't exist and wasn't pre-declared
5616 * with a prototype, assume it will be AUTOLOADed,
5617 * skipping the prototype check
5619 if (exists || SvPOK(cv))
5620 cv_ckproto_len(cv, gv, ps, ps_len);
5621 /* already defined (or promised)? */
5622 if (exists || GvASSUMECV(gv)) {
5625 || block->op_type == OP_NULL
5628 if (CvFLAGS(PL_compcv)) {
5629 /* might have had built-in attrs applied */
5630 CvFLAGS(cv) |= (CvFLAGS(PL_compcv) & CVf_BUILTIN_ATTRS);
5632 /* just a "sub foo;" when &foo is already defined */
5633 SAVEFREESV(PL_compcv);
5638 && block->op_type != OP_NULL
5641 if (ckWARN(WARN_REDEFINE)
5643 && (!const_sv || sv_cmp(cv_const_sv(cv), const_sv))))
5645 const line_t oldline = CopLINE(PL_curcop);
5646 if (PL_parser && PL_parser->copline != NOLINE)
5647 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, PL_parser->copline);
5648 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_REDEFINE),
5649 CvCONST(cv) ? "Constant subroutine %s redefined"
5650 : "Subroutine %s redefined", name);
5651 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
5654 if (!PL_minus_c) /* keep old one around for madskills */
5657 /* (PL_madskills unset in used file.) */
5665 SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void_NN(const_sv);
5667 assert(!CvROOT(cv) && !CvCONST(cv));
5668 sv_setpvs(MUTABLE_SV(cv), ""); /* prototype is "" */
5669 CvXSUBANY(cv).any_ptr = const_sv;
5670 CvXSUB(cv) = const_sv_xsub;
5676 cv = newCONSTSUB(NULL, name, const_sv);
5678 mro_method_changed_in( /* sub Foo::Bar () { 123 } */
5679 (CvGV(cv) && GvSTASH(CvGV(cv)))
5688 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compcv);
5696 /* Need to do a C<use attributes $stash_of_cv,\&cv,@attrs>
5697 * before we clobber PL_compcv.
5701 || block->op_type == OP_NULL
5704 rcv = MUTABLE_SV(cv);
5705 /* Might have had built-in attributes applied -- propagate them. */
5706 CvFLAGS(cv) |= (CvFLAGS(PL_compcv) & CVf_BUILTIN_ATTRS);
5707 if (CvGV(cv) && GvSTASH(CvGV(cv)))
5708 stash = GvSTASH(CvGV(cv));
5709 else if (CvSTASH(cv))
5710 stash = CvSTASH(cv);
5712 stash = PL_curstash;
5715 /* possibly about to re-define existing subr -- ignore old cv */
5716 rcv = MUTABLE_SV(PL_compcv);
5717 if (name && GvSTASH(gv))
5718 stash = GvSTASH(gv);
5720 stash = PL_curstash;
5722 apply_attrs(stash, rcv, attrs, FALSE);
5724 if (cv) { /* must reuse cv if autoloaded */
5731 || block->op_type == OP_NULL) && !PL_madskills
5734 /* got here with just attrs -- work done, so bug out */
5735 SAVEFREESV(PL_compcv);
5738 /* transfer PL_compcv to cv */
5740 CvFLAGS(cv) = CvFLAGS(PL_compcv);
5741 if (!CvWEAKOUTSIDE(cv))
5742 SvREFCNT_dec(CvOUTSIDE(cv));
5743 CvOUTSIDE(cv) = CvOUTSIDE(PL_compcv);
5744 CvOUTSIDE_SEQ(cv) = CvOUTSIDE_SEQ(PL_compcv);
5745 CvOUTSIDE(PL_compcv) = 0;
5746 CvPADLIST(cv) = CvPADLIST(PL_compcv);
5747 CvPADLIST(PL_compcv) = 0;
5748 /* inner references to PL_compcv must be fixed up ... */
5749 pad_fixup_inner_anons(CvPADLIST(cv), PL_compcv, cv);
5750 /* ... before we throw it away */
5751 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compcv);
5753 if (PERLDB_INTER)/* Advice debugger on the new sub. */
5754 ++PL_sub_generation;
5761 if (strEQ(name, "import")) {
5762 PL_formfeed = MUTABLE_SV(cv);
5763 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_VOID), "%lx\n", (long)cv);
5767 mro_method_changed_in(GvSTASH(gv)); /* sub Foo::bar { (shift)+1 } */
5771 CvFILE_set_from_cop(cv, PL_curcop);
5772 CvSTASH(cv) = PL_curstash;
5775 sv_setpvn(MUTABLE_SV(cv), ps, ps_len);
5777 if (PL_parser && PL_parser->error_count) {
5781 const char *s = strrchr(name, ':');
5783 if (strEQ(s, "BEGIN")) {
5784 const char not_safe[] =
5785 "BEGIN not safe after errors--compilation aborted";
5786 if (PL_in_eval & EVAL_KEEPERR)
5787 Perl_croak(aTHX_ not_safe);
5789 /* force display of errors found but not reported */
5790 sv_catpv(ERRSV, not_safe);
5791 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%"SVf, SVfARG(ERRSV));
5800 /* If we assign an optree to a PVCV, then we've defined a subroutine that
5801 the debugger could be able to set a breakpoint in, so signal to
5802 pp_entereval that it should not throw away any saved lines at scope
5805 PL_breakable_sub_gen++;
5807 CvROOT(cv) = newUNOP(OP_LEAVESUBLV, 0,
5808 mod(scalarseq(block), OP_LEAVESUBLV));
5809 block->op_attached = 1;
5812 /* This makes sub {}; work as expected. */
5813 if (block->op_type == OP_STUB) {
5814 OP* const newblock = newSTATEOP(0, NULL, 0);
5816 op_getmad(block,newblock,'B');
5823 block->op_attached = 1;
5824 CvROOT(cv) = newUNOP(OP_LEAVESUB, 0, scalarseq(block));
5826 CvROOT(cv)->op_private |= OPpREFCOUNTED;
5827 OpREFCNT_set(CvROOT(cv), 1);
5828 CvSTART(cv) = LINKLIST(CvROOT(cv));
5829 CvROOT(cv)->op_next = 0;
5830 CALL_PEEP(CvSTART(cv));
5832 /* now that optimizer has done its work, adjust pad values */
5834 pad_tidy(CvCLONE(cv) ? padtidy_SUBCLONE : padtidy_SUB);
5837 assert(!CvCONST(cv));
5838 if (ps && !*ps && op_const_sv(block, cv))
5842 if (name || aname) {
5843 if (PERLDB_SUBLINE && PL_curstash != PL_debstash) {
5844 SV * const sv = newSV(0);
5845 SV * const tmpstr = sv_newmortal();
5846 GV * const db_postponed = gv_fetchpvs("DB::postponed",
5847 GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV);
5850 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ sv, "%s:%ld-%ld",
5852 (long)PL_subline, (long)CopLINE(PL_curcop));
5853 gv_efullname3(tmpstr, gv, NULL);
5854 (void)hv_store(GvHV(PL_DBsub), SvPVX_const(tmpstr),
5855 SvCUR(tmpstr), sv, 0);
5856 hv = GvHVn(db_postponed);
5857 if (HvFILL(hv) > 0 && hv_exists(hv, SvPVX_const(tmpstr), SvCUR(tmpstr))) {
5858 CV * const pcv = GvCV(db_postponed);
5864 call_sv(MUTABLE_SV(pcv), G_DISCARD);
5869 if (name && ! (PL_parser && PL_parser->error_count))
5870 process_special_blocks(name, gv, cv);
5875 PL_parser->copline = NOLINE;
5881 S_process_special_blocks(pTHX_ const char *const fullname, GV *const gv,
5884 const char *const colon = strrchr(fullname,':');
5885 const char *const name = colon ? colon + 1 : fullname;
5887 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_PROCESS_SPECIAL_BLOCKS;
5890 if (strEQ(name, "BEGIN")) {
5891 const I32 oldscope = PL_scopestack_ix;
5893 SAVECOPFILE(&PL_compiling);
5894 SAVECOPLINE(&PL_compiling);
5896 DEBUG_x( dump_sub(gv) );
5897 Perl_av_create_and_push(aTHX_ &PL_beginav, MUTABLE_SV(cv));
5898 GvCV(gv) = 0; /* cv has been hijacked */
5899 call_list(oldscope, PL_beginav);
5901 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
5902 CopHINTS_set(&PL_compiling, PL_hints);
5909 if strEQ(name, "END") {
5910 DEBUG_x( dump_sub(gv) );
5911 Perl_av_create_and_unshift_one(aTHX_ &PL_endav, MUTABLE_SV(cv));
5914 } else if (*name == 'U') {
5915 if (strEQ(name, "UNITCHECK")) {
5916 /* It's never too late to run a unitcheck block */
5917 Perl_av_create_and_unshift_one(aTHX_ &PL_unitcheckav, MUTABLE_SV(cv));
5921 } else if (*name == 'C') {
5922 if (strEQ(name, "CHECK")) {
5923 if (PL_main_start && ckWARN(WARN_VOID))
5924 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_VOID),
5925 "Too late to run CHECK block");
5926 Perl_av_create_and_unshift_one(aTHX_ &PL_checkav, MUTABLE_SV(cv));
5930 } else if (*name == 'I') {
5931 if (strEQ(name, "INIT")) {
5932 if (PL_main_start && ckWARN(WARN_VOID))
5933 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_VOID),
5934 "Too late to run INIT block");
5935 Perl_av_create_and_push(aTHX_ &PL_initav, MUTABLE_SV(cv));
5941 DEBUG_x( dump_sub(gv) );
5942 GvCV(gv) = 0; /* cv has been hijacked */
5947 =for apidoc newCONSTSUB
5949 Creates a constant sub equivalent to Perl C<sub FOO () { 123 }> which is
5950 eligible for inlining at compile-time.
5956 Perl_newCONSTSUB(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, SV *sv)
5961 const char *const file = CopFILE(PL_curcop);
5963 SV *const temp_sv = CopFILESV(PL_curcop);
5964 const char *const file = temp_sv ? SvPV_nolen_const(temp_sv) : NULL;
5969 if (IN_PERL_RUNTIME) {
5970 /* at runtime, it's not safe to manipulate PL_curcop: it may be
5971 * an op shared between threads. Use a non-shared COP for our
5973 SAVEVPTR(PL_curcop);
5974 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
5976 SAVECOPLINE(PL_curcop);
5977 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, PL_parser ? PL_parser->copline : NOLINE);
5980 PL_hints &= ~HINT_BLOCK_SCOPE;
5983 SAVESPTR(PL_curstash);
5984 SAVECOPSTASH(PL_curcop);
5985 PL_curstash = stash;
5986 CopSTASH_set(PL_curcop,stash);
5989 /* file becomes the CvFILE. For an XS, it's supposed to be static storage,
5990 and so doesn't get free()d. (It's expected to be from the C pre-
5991 processor __FILE__ directive). But we need a dynamically allocated one,
5992 and we need it to get freed. */
5993 cv = newXS_flags(name, const_sv_xsub, file ? file : "", "",
5994 XS_DYNAMIC_FILENAME);
5995 CvXSUBANY(cv).any_ptr = sv;
6000 CopSTASH_free(PL_curcop);
6008 Perl_newXS_flags(pTHX_ const char *name, XSUBADDR_t subaddr,
6009 const char *const filename, const char *const proto,
6012 CV *cv = newXS(name, subaddr, filename);
6014 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_NEWXS_FLAGS;
6016 if (flags & XS_DYNAMIC_FILENAME) {
6017 /* We need to "make arrangements" (ie cheat) to ensure that the
6018 filename lasts as long as the PVCV we just created, but also doesn't
6020 STRLEN filename_len = strlen(filename);
6021 STRLEN proto_and_file_len = filename_len;
6022 char *proto_and_file;
6026 proto_len = strlen(proto);
6027 proto_and_file_len += proto_len;
6029 Newx(proto_and_file, proto_and_file_len + 1, char);
6030 Copy(proto, proto_and_file, proto_len, char);
6031 Copy(filename, proto_and_file + proto_len, filename_len + 1, char);
6034 proto_and_file = savepvn(filename, filename_len);
6037 /* This gets free()d. :-) */
6038 sv_usepvn_flags(MUTABLE_SV(cv), proto_and_file, proto_and_file_len,
6039 SV_HAS_TRAILING_NUL);
6041 /* This gives us the correct prototype, rather than one with the
6042 file name appended. */
6043 SvCUR_set(cv, proto_len);
6047 CvFILE(cv) = proto_and_file + proto_len;
6049 sv_setpv(MUTABLE_SV(cv), proto);
6055 =for apidoc U||newXS
6057 Used by C<xsubpp> to hook up XSUBs as Perl subs. I<filename> needs to be
6058 static storage, as it is used directly as CvFILE(), without a copy being made.
6064 Perl_newXS(pTHX_ const char *name, XSUBADDR_t subaddr, const char *filename)
6067 GV * const gv = gv_fetchpv(name ? name :
6068 (PL_curstash ? "__ANON__" : "__ANON__::__ANON__"),
6069 GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVCV);
6072 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_NEWXS;
6075 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: no address for '%s' in '%s'", name, filename);
6077 if ((cv = (name ? GvCV(gv) : NULL))) {
6079 /* just a cached method */
6083 else if (CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv) || GvASSUMECV(gv)) {
6084 /* already defined (or promised) */
6085 /* XXX It's possible for this HvNAME_get to return null, and get passed into strEQ */
6086 if (ckWARN(WARN_REDEFINE)) {
6087 GV * const gvcv = CvGV(cv);
6089 HV * const stash = GvSTASH(gvcv);
6091 const char *redefined_name = HvNAME_get(stash);
6092 if ( strEQ(redefined_name,"autouse") ) {
6093 const line_t oldline = CopLINE(PL_curcop);
6094 if (PL_parser && PL_parser->copline != NOLINE)
6095 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, PL_parser->copline);
6096 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_REDEFINE),
6097 CvCONST(cv) ? "Constant subroutine %s redefined"
6098 : "Subroutine %s redefined"
6100 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
6110 if (cv) /* must reuse cv if autoloaded */
6113 cv = MUTABLE_CV(newSV_type(SVt_PVCV));
6117 mro_method_changed_in(GvSTASH(gv)); /* newXS */
6121 (void)gv_fetchfile(filename);
6122 CvFILE(cv) = (char *)filename; /* NOTE: not copied, as it is expected to be
6123 an external constant string */
6125 CvXSUB(cv) = subaddr;
6128 process_special_blocks(name, gv, cv);
6140 Perl_newFORM(pTHX_ I32 floor, OP *o, OP *block)
6145 OP* pegop = newOP(OP_NULL, 0);
6149 ? gv_fetchsv(cSVOPo->op_sv, GV_ADD, SVt_PVFM)
6150 : gv_fetchpvs("STDOUT", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PVFM);
6152 #ifdef GV_UNIQUE_CHECK
6154 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for form (GV is unique)");
6158 if ((cv = GvFORM(gv))) {
6159 if (ckWARN(WARN_REDEFINE)) {
6160 const line_t oldline = CopLINE(PL_curcop);
6161 if (PL_parser && PL_parser->copline != NOLINE)
6162 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, PL_parser->copline);
6163 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_REDEFINE),
6164 o ? "Format %"SVf" redefined"
6165 : "Format STDOUT redefined", SVfARG(cSVOPo->op_sv));
6166 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
6173 CvFILE_set_from_cop(cv, PL_curcop);
6176 pad_tidy(padtidy_FORMAT);
6177 CvROOT(cv) = newUNOP(OP_LEAVEWRITE, 0, scalarseq(block));
6178 CvROOT(cv)->op_private |= OPpREFCOUNTED;
6179 OpREFCNT_set(CvROOT(cv), 1);
6180 CvSTART(cv) = LINKLIST(CvROOT(cv));
6181 CvROOT(cv)->op_next = 0;
6182 CALL_PEEP(CvSTART(cv));
6184 op_getmad(o,pegop,'n');
6185 op_getmad_weak(block, pegop, 'b');
6190 PL_parser->copline = NOLINE;
6198 Perl_newANONLIST(pTHX_ OP *o)
6200 return convert(OP_ANONLIST, OPf_SPECIAL, o);
6204 Perl_newANONHASH(pTHX_ OP *o)
6206 return convert(OP_ANONHASH, OPf_SPECIAL, o);
6210 Perl_newANONSUB(pTHX_ I32 floor, OP *proto, OP *block)
6212 return newANONATTRSUB(floor, proto, NULL, block);
6216 Perl_newANONATTRSUB(pTHX_ I32 floor, OP *proto, OP *attrs, OP *block)
6218 return newUNOP(OP_REFGEN, 0,
6219 newSVOP(OP_ANONCODE, 0,
6220 MUTABLE_SV(newATTRSUB(floor, 0, proto, attrs, block))));
6224 Perl_oopsAV(pTHX_ OP *o)
6228 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_OOPSAV;
6230 switch (o->op_type) {
6232 o->op_type = OP_PADAV;
6233 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_PADAV];
6234 return ref(o, OP_RV2AV);
6237 o->op_type = OP_RV2AV;
6238 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_RV2AV];
6243 if (ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL))
6244 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL), "oops: oopsAV");
6251 Perl_oopsHV(pTHX_ OP *o)
6255 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_OOPSHV;
6257 switch (o->op_type) {
6260 o->op_type = OP_PADHV;
6261 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_PADHV];
6262 return ref(o, OP_RV2HV);
6266 o->op_type = OP_RV2HV;
6267 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_RV2HV];
6272 if (ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL))
6273 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL), "oops: oopsHV");
6280 Perl_newAVREF(pTHX_ OP *o)
6284 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_NEWAVREF;
6286 if (o->op_type == OP_PADANY) {
6287 o->op_type = OP_PADAV;
6288 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_PADAV];
6291 else if ((o->op_type == OP_RV2AV || o->op_type == OP_PADAV)
6292 && ckWARN(WARN_DEPRECATED)) {
6293 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEPRECATED),
6294 "Using an array as a reference is deprecated");
6296 return newUNOP(OP_RV2AV, 0, scalar(o));
6300 Perl_newGVREF(pTHX_ I32 type, OP *o)
6302 if (type == OP_MAPSTART || type == OP_GREPSTART || type == OP_SORT)
6303 return newUNOP(OP_NULL, 0, o);
6304 return ref(newUNOP(OP_RV2GV, OPf_REF, o), type);
6308 Perl_newHVREF(pTHX_ OP *o)
6312 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_NEWHVREF;
6314 if (o->op_type == OP_PADANY) {
6315 o->op_type = OP_PADHV;
6316 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_PADHV];
6319 else if ((o->op_type == OP_RV2HV || o->op_type == OP_PADHV)
6320 && ckWARN(WARN_DEPRECATED)) {
6321 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEPRECATED),
6322 "Using a hash as a reference is deprecated");
6324 return newUNOP(OP_RV2HV, 0, scalar(o));
6328 Perl_newCVREF(pTHX_ I32 flags, OP *o)
6330 return newUNOP(OP_RV2CV, flags, scalar(o));
6334 Perl_newSVREF(pTHX_ OP *o)
6338 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_NEWSVREF;
6340 if (o->op_type == OP_PADANY) {
6341 o->op_type = OP_PADSV;
6342 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_PADSV];
6345 return newUNOP(OP_RV2SV, 0, scalar(o));
6348 /* Check routines. See the comments at the top of this file for details
6349 * on when these are called */
6352 Perl_ck_anoncode(pTHX_ OP *o)
6354 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CK_ANONCODE;
6356 cSVOPo->op_targ = pad_add_anon(cSVOPo->op_sv, o->op_type);
6358 cSVOPo->op_sv = NULL;
6363 Perl_ck_bitop(pTHX_ OP *o)
6367 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CK_BITOP;
6369 #define OP_IS_NUMCOMPARE(op) \
6370 ((op) == OP_LT || (op) == OP_I_LT || \
6371 (op) == OP_GT || (op) == OP_I_GT || \
6372 (op) == OP_LE || (op) == OP_I_LE || \
6373 (op) == OP_GE || (op) == OP_I_GE || \
6374 (op) == OP_EQ || (op) == OP_I_EQ || \
6375 (op) == OP_NE || (op) == OP_I_NE || \
6376 (op) == OP_NCMP || (op) == OP_I_NCMP)
6377 o->op_private = (U8)(PL_hints & HINT_INTEGER);
6378 if (!(o->op_flags & OPf_STACKED) /* Not an assignment */
6379 && (o->op_type == OP_BIT_OR
6380 || o->op_type == OP_BIT_AND
6381 || o->op_type == OP_BIT_XOR))
6383 const OP * const left = cBINOPo->op_first;
6384 const OP * const right = left->op_sibling;
6385 if ((OP_IS_NUMCOMPARE(left->op_type) &&
6386 (left->op_flags & OPf_PARENS) == 0) ||
6387 (OP_IS_NUMCOMPARE(right->op_type) &&
6388 (right->op_flags & OPf_PARENS) == 0))
6389 if (ckWARN(WARN_PRECEDENCE))
6390 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_PRECEDENCE),
6391 "Possible precedence problem on bitwise %c operator",
6392 o->op_type == OP_BIT_OR ? '|'
6393 : o->op_type == OP_BIT_AND ? '&' : '^'
6400 Perl_ck_concat(pTHX_ OP *o)
6402 const OP * const kid = cUNOPo->op_first;
6404 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CK_CONCAT;
6405 PERL_UNUSED_CONTEXT;
6407 if (kid->op_type == OP_CONCAT && !(kid->op_private & OPpTARGET_MY) &&
6408 !(kUNOP->op_first->op_flags & OPf_MOD))
6409 o->op_flags |= OPf_STACKED;
6414 Perl_ck_spair(pTHX_ OP *o)
6418 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CK_SPAIR;
6420 if (o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) {
6423 const OPCODE type = o->op_type;
6424 o = modkids(ck_fun(o), type);
6425 kid = cUNOPo->op_first;
6426 newop = kUNOP->op_first->op_sibling;
6428 const OPCODE type = newop->op_type;
6429 if (newop->op_sibling || !(PL_opargs[type] & OA_RETSCALAR) ||
6430 type == OP_PADAV || type == OP_PADHV ||
6431 type == OP_RV2AV || type == OP_RV2HV)
6435 op_getmad(kUNOP->op_first,newop,'K');
6437 op_free(kUNOP->op_first);
6439 kUNOP->op_first = newop;
6441 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[++o->op_type];
6446 Perl_ck_delete(pTHX_ OP *o)
6448 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CK_DELETE;
6452 if (o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) {
6453 OP * const kid = cUNOPo->op_first;
6454 switch (kid->op_type) {
6456 o->op_flags |= OPf_SPECIAL;
6459 o->op_private |= OPpSLICE;
6462 o->op_flags |= OPf_SPECIAL;
6467 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element or slice",
6476 Perl_ck_die(pTHX_ OP *o)
6478 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CK_DIE;
6481 if (VMSISH_HUSHED) o->op_private |= OPpHUSH_VMSISH;
6487 Perl_ck_eof(pTHX_ OP *o)
6491 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CK_EOF;
6493 if (o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) {
6494 if (cLISTOPo->op_first->op_type == OP_STUB) {
6496 = newUNOP(o->op_type, OPf_SPECIAL, newGVOP(OP_GV, 0, PL_argvgv));
6498 op_getmad(o,newop,'O');
6510 Perl_ck_eval(pTHX_ OP *o)
6514 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CK_EVAL;
6516 PL_hints |= HINT_BLOCK_SCOPE;
6517 if (o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) {
6518 SVOP * const kid = (SVOP*)cUNOPo->op_first;
6521 o->op_flags &= ~OPf_KIDS;
6524 else if (kid->op_type == OP_LINESEQ || kid->op_type == OP_STUB) {
6530 cUNOPo->op_first = 0;
6535 NewOp(1101, enter, 1, LOGOP);
6536 enter->op_type = OP_ENTERTRY;
6537 enter->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_ENTERTRY];
6538 enter->op_private = 0;
6540 /* establish postfix order */
6541 enter->op_next = (OP*)enter;
6543 CHECKOP(OP_ENTERTRY, enter);
6545 o = prepend_elem(OP_LINESEQ, (OP*)enter, (OP*)kid);
6546 o->op_type = OP_LEAVETRY;
6547 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_LEAVETRY];
6548 enter->op_other = o;
6549 op_getmad(oldo,o,'O');
6563 o = newUNOP(OP_ENTEREVAL, 0, newDEFSVOP());
6564 op_getmad(oldo,o,'O');
6566 o->op_targ = (PADOFFSET)PL_hints;
6567 if ((PL_hints & HINT_LOCALIZE_HH) != 0 && GvHV(PL_hintgv)) {
6568 /* Store a copy of %^H that pp_entereval can pick up. */
6569 OP *hhop = newSVOP(OP_HINTSEVAL, 0,
6570 MUTABLE_SV(Perl_hv_copy_hints_hv(aTHX_ GvHV(PL_hintgv))));
6571 cUNOPo->op_first->op_sibling = hhop;
6572 o->op_private |= OPpEVAL_HAS_HH;
6578 Perl_ck_exit(pTHX_ OP *o)
6580 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CK_EXIT;
6583 HV * const table = GvHV(PL_hintgv);
6585 SV * const * const svp = hv_fetchs(table, "vmsish_exit", FALSE);
6586 if (svp && *svp && SvTRUE(*svp))
6587 o->op_private |= OPpEXIT_VMSISH;
6589 if (VMSISH_HUSHED) o->op_private |= OPpHUSH_VMSISH;
6595 Perl_ck_exec(pTHX_ OP *o)
6597 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CK_EXEC;
6599 if (o->op_flags & OPf_STACKED) {
6602 kid = cUNOPo->op_first->op_sibling;
6603 if (kid->op_type == OP_RV2GV)
6612 Perl_ck_exists(pTHX_ OP *o)
6616 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CK_EXISTS;
6619 if (o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) {
6620 OP * const kid = cUNOPo->op_first;
6621 if (kid->op_type == OP_ENTERSUB) {
6622 (void) ref(kid, o->op_type);
6623 if (kid->op_type != OP_RV2CV
6624 && !(PL_parser && PL_parser->error_count))
6625 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s argument is not a subroutine name",
6627 o->op_private |= OPpEXISTS_SUB;
6629 else if (kid->op_type == OP_AELEM)
6630 o->op_flags |= OPf_SPECIAL;
6631 else if (kid->op_type != OP_HELEM)
6632 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element or a subroutine",
6640 Perl_ck_rvconst(pTHX_ register OP *o)
6643 SVOP * const kid = (SVOP*)cUNOPo->op_first;
6645 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CK_RVCONST;
6647 o->op_private |= (PL_hints & HINT_STRICT_REFS);
6648 if (o->op_type == OP_RV2CV)
6649 o->op_private &= ~1;
6651 if (kid->op_type == OP_CONST) {
6654 SV * const kidsv = kid->op_sv;
6656 /* Is it a constant from cv_const_sv()? */
6657 if (SvROK(kidsv) && SvREADONLY(kidsv)) {
6658 SV * const rsv = SvRV(kidsv);
6659 const svtype type = SvTYPE(rsv);
6660 const char *badtype = NULL;
6662 switch (o->op_type) {
6664 if (type > SVt_PVMG)
6665 badtype = "a SCALAR";
6668 if (type != SVt_PVAV)
6669 badtype = "an ARRAY";
6672 if (type != SVt_PVHV)
6676 if (type != SVt_PVCV)
6681 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Constant is not %s reference", badtype);
6684 else if ((o->op_type == OP_RV2HV || o->op_type == OP_RV2SV) &&
6685 (PL_hints & HINT_STRICT_REFS) && SvPOK(kidsv)) {
6686 /* If this is an access to a stash, disable "strict refs", because
6687 * stashes aren't auto-vivified at compile-time (unless we store
6688 * symbols in them), and we don't want to produce a run-time
6689 * stricture error when auto-vivifying the stash. */
6690 const char *s = SvPV_nolen(kidsv);
6691 const STRLEN l = SvCUR(kidsv);
6692 if (l > 1 && s[l-1] == ':' && s[l-2] == ':')
6693 o->op_private &= ~HINT_STRICT_REFS;
6695 if ((o->op_private & HINT_STRICT_REFS) && (kid->op_private & OPpCONST_BARE)) {
6696 const char *badthing;
6697 switch (o->op_type) {
6699 badthing = "a SCALAR";
6702 badthing = "an ARRAY";
6705 badthing = "a HASH";
6713 "Can't use bareword (\"%"SVf"\") as %s ref while \"strict refs\" in use",
6714 SVfARG(kidsv), badthing);
6717 * This is a little tricky. We only want to add the symbol if we
6718 * didn't add it in the lexer. Otherwise we get duplicate strict
6719 * warnings. But if we didn't add it in the lexer, we must at
6720 * least pretend like we wanted to add it even if it existed before,
6721 * or we get possible typo warnings. OPpCONST_ENTERED says
6722 * whether the lexer already added THIS instance of this symbol.
6724 iscv = (o->op_type == OP_RV2CV) * 2;
6726 gv = gv_fetchsv(kidsv,
6727 iscv | !(kid->op_private & OPpCONST_ENTERED),
6730 : o->op_type == OP_RV2SV
6732 : o->op_type == OP_RV2AV
6734 : o->op_type == OP_RV2HV
6737 } while (!gv && !(kid->op_private & OPpCONST_ENTERED) && !iscv++);
6739 kid->op_type = OP_GV;
6740 SvREFCNT_dec(kid->op_sv);
6742 /* XXX hack: dependence on sizeof(PADOP) <= sizeof(SVOP) */
6743 kPADOP->op_padix = pad_alloc(OP_GV, SVs_PADTMP);
6744 SvREFCNT_dec(PAD_SVl(kPADOP->op_padix));
6746 PAD_SETSV(kPADOP->op_padix, MUTABLE_SV(SvREFCNT_inc_simple_NN(gv)));
6748 kid->op_sv = SvREFCNT_inc_simple_NN(gv);
6750 kid->op_private = 0;
6751 kid->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_GV];
6758 Perl_ck_ftst(pTHX_ OP *o)
6761 const I32 type = o->op_type;
6763 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CK_FTST;
6765 if (o->op_flags & OPf_REF) {
6768 else if (o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS && cUNOPo->op_first->op_type != OP_STUB) {
6769 SVOP * const kid = (SVOP*)cUNOPo->op_first;
6770 const OPCODE kidtype = kid->op_type;
6772 if (kidtype == OP_CONST && (kid->op_private & OPpCONST_BARE)) {
6773 OP * const newop = newGVOP(type, OPf_REF,
6774 gv_fetchsv(kid->op_sv, GV_ADD, SVt_PVIO));
6776 op_getmad(o,newop,'O');
6782 if ((PL_hints & HINT_FILETEST_ACCESS) && OP_IS_FILETEST_ACCESS(o->op_type))
6783 o->op_private |= OPpFT_ACCESS;
6784 if (PL_check[kidtype] == MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_ck_ftst)
6785 && kidtype != OP_STAT && kidtype != OP_LSTAT)
6786 o->op_private |= OPpFT_STACKED;
6794 if (type == OP_FTTTY)
6795 o = newGVOP(type, OPf_REF, PL_stdingv);
6797 o = newUNOP(type, 0, newDEFSVOP());
6798 op_getmad(oldo,o,'O');
6804 Perl_ck_fun(pTHX_ OP *o)
6807 const int type = o->op_type;
6808 register I32 oa = PL_opargs[type] >> OASHIFT;
6810 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CK_FUN;
6812 if (o->op_flags & OPf_STACKED) {
6813 if ((oa & OA_OPTIONAL) && (oa >> 4) && !((oa >> 4) & OA_OPTIONAL))
6816 return no_fh_allowed(o);
6819 if (o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) {
6820 OP **tokid = &cLISTOPo->op_first;
6821 register OP *kid = cLISTOPo->op_first;
6825 if (kid->op_type == OP_PUSHMARK ||
6826 (kid->op_type == OP_NULL && kid->op_targ == OP_PUSHMARK))
6828 tokid = &kid->op_sibling;
6829 kid = kid->op_sibling;
6831 if (!kid && PL_opargs[type] & OA_DEFGV)
6832 *tokid = kid = newDEFSVOP();
6836 sibl = kid->op_sibling;
6838 if (!sibl && kid->op_type == OP_STUB) {
6845 /* list seen where single (scalar) arg expected? */
6846 if (numargs == 1 && !(oa >> 4)
6847 && kid->op_type == OP_LIST && type != OP_SCALAR)
6849 return too_many_arguments(o,PL_op_desc[type]);
6862 if ((type == OP_PUSH || type == OP_UNSHIFT)
6863 && !kid->op_sibling && ckWARN(WARN_SYNTAX))
6864 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_SYNTAX),
6865 "Useless use of %s with no values",
6868 if (kid->op_type == OP_CONST &&
6869 (kid->op_private & OPpCONST_BARE))
6871 OP * const newop = newAVREF(newGVOP(OP_GV, 0,
6872 gv_fetchsv(((SVOP*)kid)->op_sv, GV_ADD, SVt_PVAV) ));
6873 if (ckWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX))
6874 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX),
6875 "Array @%"SVf" missing the @ in argument %"IVdf" of %s()",
6876 SVfARG(((SVOP*)kid)->op_sv), (IV)numargs, PL_op_desc[type]);
6878 op_getmad(kid,newop,'K');
6883 kid->op_sibling = sibl;
6886 else if (kid->op_type != OP_RV2AV && kid->op_type != OP_PADAV)
6887 bad_type(numargs, "array", PL_op_desc[type], kid);
6891 if (kid->op_type == OP_CONST &&
6892 (kid->op_private & OPpCONST_BARE))
6894 OP * const newop = newHVREF(newGVOP(OP_GV, 0,
6895 gv_fetchsv(((SVOP*)kid)->op_sv, GV_ADD, SVt_PVHV) ));
6896 if (ckWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX))
6897 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX),
6898 "Hash %%%"SVf" missing the %% in argument %"IVdf" of %s()",
6899 SVfARG(((SVOP*)kid)->op_sv), (IV)numargs, PL_op_desc[type]);
6901 op_getmad(kid,newop,'K');
6906 kid->op_sibling = sibl;
6909 else if (kid->op_type != OP_RV2HV && kid->op_type != OP_PADHV)
6910 bad_type(numargs, "hash", PL_op_desc[type], kid);
6915 OP * const newop = newUNOP(OP_NULL, 0, kid);
6916 kid->op_sibling = 0;
6918 newop->op_next = newop;
6920 kid->op_sibling = sibl;
6925 if (kid->op_type != OP_GV && kid->op_type != OP_RV2GV) {
6926 if (kid->op_type == OP_CONST &&
6927 (kid->op_private & OPpCONST_BARE))
6929 OP * const newop = newGVOP(OP_GV, 0,
6930 gv_fetchsv(((SVOP*)kid)->op_sv, GV_ADD, SVt_PVIO));
6931 if (!(o->op_private & 1) && /* if not unop */
6932 kid == cLISTOPo->op_last)
6933 cLISTOPo->op_last = newop;
6935 op_getmad(kid,newop,'K');
6941 else if (kid->op_type == OP_READLINE) {
6942 /* neophyte patrol: open(<FH>), close(<FH>) etc. */
6943 bad_type(numargs, "HANDLE", OP_DESC(o), kid);
6946 I32 flags = OPf_SPECIAL;
6950 /* is this op a FH constructor? */
6951 if (is_handle_constructor(o,numargs)) {
6952 const char *name = NULL;
6956 /* Set a flag to tell rv2gv to vivify
6957 * need to "prove" flag does not mean something
6958 * else already - NI-S 1999/05/07
6961 if (kid->op_type == OP_PADSV) {
6963 = PAD_COMPNAME_SV(kid->op_targ);
6964 name = SvPV_const(namesv, len);
6966 else if (kid->op_type == OP_RV2SV
6967 && kUNOP->op_first->op_type == OP_GV)
6969 GV * const gv = cGVOPx_gv(kUNOP->op_first);
6971 len = GvNAMELEN(gv);
6973 else if (kid->op_type == OP_AELEM
6974 || kid->op_type == OP_HELEM)
6977 OP *op = ((BINOP*)kid)->op_first;
6981 const char * const a =
6982 kid->op_type == OP_AELEM ?
6984 if (((op->op_type == OP_RV2AV) ||
6985 (op->op_type == OP_RV2HV)) &&
6986 (firstop = ((UNOP*)op)->op_first) &&
6987 (firstop->op_type == OP_GV)) {
6988 /* packagevar $a[] or $h{} */
6989 GV * const gv = cGVOPx_gv(firstop);
6997 else if (op->op_type == OP_PADAV
6998 || op->op_type == OP_PADHV) {
6999 /* lexicalvar $a[] or $h{} */
7000 const char * const padname =
7001 PAD_COMPNAME_PV(op->op_targ);
7010 name = SvPV_const(tmpstr, len);
7015 name = "__ANONIO__";
7022 targ = pad_alloc(OP_RV2GV, SVs_PADTMP);
7023 namesv = PAD_SVl(targ);
7024 SvUPGRADE(namesv, SVt_PV);
7026 sv_setpvs(namesv, "$");
7027 sv_catpvn(namesv, name, len);
7030 kid->op_sibling = 0;
7031 kid = newUNOP(OP_RV2GV, flags, scalar(kid));
7032 kid->op_targ = targ;
7033 kid->op_private |= priv;
7035 kid->op_sibling = sibl;
7041 mod(scalar(kid), type);
7045 tokid = &kid->op_sibling;
7046 kid = kid->op_sibling;
7049 if (kid && kid->op_type != OP_STUB)
7050 return too_many_arguments(o,OP_DESC(o));
7051 o->op_private |= numargs;
7053 /* FIXME - should the numargs move as for the PERL_MAD case? */
7054 o->op_private |= numargs;
7056 return too_many_arguments(o,OP_DESC(o));
7060 else if (PL_opargs[type] & OA_DEFGV) {
7062 OP *newop = newUNOP(type, 0, newDEFSVOP());
7063 op_getmad(o,newop,'O');
7066 /* Ordering of these two is important to keep f_map.t passing. */
7068 return newUNOP(type, 0, newDEFSVOP());
7073 while (oa & OA_OPTIONAL)
7075 if (oa && oa != OA_LIST)
7076 return too_few_arguments(o,OP_DESC(o));
7082 Perl_ck_glob(pTHX_ OP *o)
7087 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CK_GLOB;
7090 if ((o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) && !cLISTOPo->op_first->op_sibling)
7091 append_elem(OP_GLOB, o, newDEFSVOP());
7093 if (!((gv = gv_fetchpvs("glob", GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PVCV))
7094 && GvCVu(gv) && GvIMPORTED_CV(gv)))
7096 gv = gv_fetchpvs("CORE::GLOBAL::glob", 0, SVt_PVCV);
7099 #if !defined(PERL_EXTERNAL_GLOB)
7100 /* XXX this can be tightened up and made more failsafe. */
7101 if (!(gv && GvCVu(gv) && GvIMPORTED_CV(gv))) {
7104 Perl_load_module(aTHX_ PERL_LOADMOD_NOIMPORT,
7105 newSVpvs("File::Glob"), NULL, NULL, NULL);
7106 gv = gv_fetchpvs("CORE::GLOBAL::glob", 0, SVt_PVCV);
7107 glob_gv = gv_fetchpvs("File::Glob::csh_glob", 0, SVt_PVCV);
7108 GvCV(gv) = GvCV(glob_gv);
7109 SvREFCNT_inc_void(MUTABLE_SV(GvCV(gv)));
7110 GvIMPORTED_CV_on(gv);
7113 #endif /* PERL_EXTERNAL_GLOB */
7115 if (gv && GvCVu(gv) && GvIMPORTED_CV(gv)) {
7116 append_elem(OP_GLOB, o,
7117 newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, newSViv(PL_glob_index++)));
7118 o->op_type = OP_LIST;
7119 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_LIST];
7120 cLISTOPo->op_first->op_type = OP_PUSHMARK;
7121 cLISTOPo->op_first->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_PUSHMARK];
7122 cLISTOPo->op_first->op_targ = 0;
7123 o = newUNOP(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_STACKED,
7124 append_elem(OP_LIST, o,
7125 scalar(newUNOP(OP_RV2CV, 0,
7126 newGVOP(OP_GV, 0, gv)))));
7127 o = newUNOP(OP_NULL, 0, ck_subr(o));
7128 o->op_targ = OP_GLOB; /* hint at what it used to be */
7131 gv = newGVgen("main");
7133 append_elem(OP_GLOB, o, newGVOP(OP_GV, 0, gv));
7139 Perl_ck_grep(pTHX_ OP *o)
7144 const OPCODE type = o->op_type == OP_GREPSTART ? OP_GREPWHILE : OP_MAPWHILE;
7147 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CK_GREP;
7149 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_GREPSTART];
7150 /* don't allocate gwop here, as we may leak it if PL_parser->error_count > 0 */
7152 if (o->op_flags & OPf_STACKED) {
7155 kid = cLISTOPo->op_first->op_sibling;
7156 if (!cUNOPx(kid)->op_next)
7157 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: ck_grep");
7158 for (k = cUNOPx(kid)->op_first; k; k = k->op_next) {
7161 NewOp(1101, gwop, 1, LOGOP);
7162 kid->op_next = (OP*)gwop;
7163 o->op_flags &= ~OPf_STACKED;
7165 kid = cLISTOPo->op_first->op_sibling;
7166 if (type == OP_MAPWHILE)
7171 if (PL_parser && PL_parser->error_count)
7173 kid = cLISTOPo->op_first->op_sibling;
7174 if (kid->op_type != OP_NULL)
7175 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: ck_grep");
7176 kid = kUNOP->op_first;
7179 NewOp(1101, gwop, 1, LOGOP);
7180 gwop->op_type = type;
7181 gwop->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[type];
7182 gwop->op_first = listkids(o);
7183 gwop->op_flags |= OPf_KIDS;
7184 gwop->op_other = LINKLIST(kid);
7185 kid->op_next = (OP*)gwop;
7186 offset = pad_findmy("$_");
7187 if (offset == NOT_IN_PAD || PAD_COMPNAME_FLAGS_isOUR(offset)) {
7188 o->op_private = gwop->op_private = 0;
7189 gwop->op_targ = pad_alloc(type, SVs_PADTMP);
7192 o->op_private = gwop->op_private = OPpGREP_LEX;
7193 gwop->op_targ = o->op_targ = offset;
7196 kid = cLISTOPo->op_first->op_sibling;
7197 if (!kid || !kid->op_sibling)
7198 return too_few_arguments(o,OP_DESC(o));
7199 for (kid = kid->op_sibling; kid; kid = kid->op_sibling)
7200 mod(kid, OP_GREPSTART);
7206 Perl_ck_index(pTHX_ OP *o)
7208 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CK_INDEX;
7210 if (o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) {
7211 OP *kid = cLISTOPo->op_first->op_sibling; /* get past pushmark */
7213 kid = kid->op_sibling; /* get past "big" */
7214 if (kid && kid->op_type == OP_CONST)
7215 fbm_compile(((SVOP*)kid)->op_sv, 0);
7221 Perl_ck_lfun(pTHX_ OP *o)
7223 const OPCODE type = o->op_type;
7225 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CK_LFUN;
7227 return modkids(ck_fun(o), type);
7231 Perl_ck_defined(pTHX_ OP *o) /* 19990527 MJD */
7233 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CK_DEFINED;
7235 if ((o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) && ckWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX)) {
7236 switch (cUNOPo->op_first->op_type) {
7238 /* This is needed for
7239 if (defined %stash::)
7240 to work. Do not break Tk.
7242 break; /* Globals via GV can be undef */
7244 case OP_AASSIGN: /* Is this a good idea? */
7245 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX),
7246 "defined(@array) is deprecated");
7247 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX),
7248 "\t(Maybe you should just omit the defined()?)\n");
7251 /* This is needed for
7252 if (defined %stash::)
7253 to work. Do not break Tk.
7255 break; /* Globals via GV can be undef */
7257 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX),
7258 "defined(%%hash) is deprecated");
7259 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX),
7260 "\t(Maybe you should just omit the defined()?)\n");
7271 Perl_ck_readline(pTHX_ OP *o)
7273 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CK_READLINE;
7275 if (!(o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS)) {
7277 = newUNOP(OP_READLINE, 0, newGVOP(OP_GV, 0, PL_argvgv));
7279 op_getmad(o,newop,'O');
7289 Perl_ck_rfun(pTHX_ OP *o)
7291 const OPCODE type = o->op_type;
7293 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CK_RFUN;
7295 return refkids(ck_fun(o), type);
7299 Perl_ck_listiob(pTHX_ OP *o)
7303 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CK_LISTIOB;
7305 kid = cLISTOPo->op_first;
7308 kid = cLISTOPo->op_first;
7310 if (kid->op_type == OP_PUSHMARK)
7311 kid = kid->op_sibling;
7312 if (kid && o->op_flags & OPf_STACKED)
7313 kid = kid->op_sibling;
7314 else if (kid && !kid->op_sibling) { /* print HANDLE; */
7315 if (kid->op_type == OP_CONST && kid->op_private & OPpCONST_BARE) {
7316 o->op_flags |= OPf_STACKED; /* make it a filehandle */
7317 kid = newUNOP(OP_RV2GV, OPf_REF, scalar(kid));
7318 cLISTOPo->op_first->op_sibling = kid;
7319 cLISTOPo->op_last = kid;
7320 kid = kid->op_sibling;
7325 append_elem(o->op_type, o, newDEFSVOP());
7331 Perl_ck_smartmatch(pTHX_ OP *o)
7334 if (0 == (o->op_flags & OPf_SPECIAL)) {
7335 OP *first = cBINOPo->op_first;
7336 OP *second = first->op_sibling;
7338 /* Implicitly take a reference to an array or hash */
7339 first->op_sibling = NULL;
7340 first = cBINOPo->op_first = ref_array_or_hash(first);
7341 second = first->op_sibling = ref_array_or_hash(second);
7343 /* Implicitly take a reference to a regular expression */
7344 if (first->op_type == OP_MATCH) {
7345 first->op_type = OP_QR;
7346 first->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_QR];
7348 if (second->op_type == OP_MATCH) {
7349 second->op_type = OP_QR;
7350 second->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_QR];
7359 Perl_ck_sassign(pTHX_ OP *o)
7362 OP * const kid = cLISTOPo->op_first;
7364 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CK_SASSIGN;
7366 /* has a disposable target? */
7367 if ((PL_opargs[kid->op_type] & OA_TARGLEX)
7368 && !(kid->op_flags & OPf_STACKED)
7369 /* Cannot steal the second time! */
7370 && !(kid->op_private & OPpTARGET_MY)
7371 /* Keep the full thing for madskills */
7375 OP * const kkid = kid->op_sibling;
7377 /* Can just relocate the target. */
7378 if (kkid && kkid->op_type == OP_PADSV
7379 && !(kkid->op_private & OPpLVAL_INTRO))
7381 kid->op_targ = kkid->op_targ;
7383 /* Now we do not need PADSV and SASSIGN. */
7384 kid->op_sibling = o->op_sibling; /* NULL */
7385 cLISTOPo->op_first = NULL;
7388 kid->op_private |= OPpTARGET_MY; /* Used for context settings */
7392 if (kid->op_sibling) {
7393 OP *kkid = kid->op_sibling;
7394 if (kkid->op_type == OP_PADSV
7395 && (kkid->op_private & OPpLVAL_INTRO)
7396 && SvPAD_STATE(*av_fetch(PL_comppad_name, kkid->op_targ, FALSE))) {
7397 const PADOFFSET target = kkid->op_targ;
7398 OP *const other = newOP(OP_PADSV,
7400 | ((kkid->op_private & ~OPpLVAL_INTRO) << 8));
7401 OP *const first = newOP(OP_NULL, 0);
7402 OP *const nullop = newCONDOP(0, first, o, other);
7403 OP *const condop = first->op_next;
7404 /* hijacking PADSTALE for uninitialized state variables */
7405 SvPADSTALE_on(PAD_SVl(target));
7407 condop->op_type = OP_ONCE;
7408 condop->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_ONCE];
7409 condop->op_targ = target;
7410 other->op_targ = target;
7412 /* Because we change the type of the op here, we will skip the
7413 assinment binop->op_last = binop->op_first->op_sibling; at the
7414 end of Perl_newBINOP(). So need to do it here. */
7415 cBINOPo->op_last = cBINOPo->op_first->op_sibling;
7424 Perl_ck_match(pTHX_ OP *o)
7428 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CK_MATCH;
7430 if (o->op_type != OP_QR && PL_compcv) {
7431 const PADOFFSET offset = pad_findmy("$_");
7432 if (offset != NOT_IN_PAD && !(PAD_COMPNAME_FLAGS_isOUR(offset))) {
7433 o->op_targ = offset;
7434 o->op_private |= OPpTARGET_MY;
7437 if (o->op_type == OP_MATCH || o->op_type == OP_QR)
7438 o->op_private |= OPpRUNTIME;
7443 Perl_ck_method(pTHX_ OP *o)
7445 OP * const kid = cUNOPo->op_first;
7447 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CK_METHOD;
7449 if (kid->op_type == OP_CONST) {
7450 SV* sv = kSVOP->op_sv;
7451 const char * const method = SvPVX_const(sv);
7452 if (!(strchr(method, ':') || strchr(method, '\''))) {
7454 if (!SvREADONLY(sv) || !SvFAKE(sv)) {
7455 sv = newSVpvn_share(method, SvCUR(sv), 0);
7458 kSVOP->op_sv = NULL;
7460 cmop = newSVOP(OP_METHOD_NAMED, 0, sv);
7462 op_getmad(o,cmop,'O');
7473 Perl_ck_null(pTHX_ OP *o)
7475 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CK_NULL;
7476 PERL_UNUSED_CONTEXT;
7481 Perl_ck_open(pTHX_ OP *o)
7484 HV * const table = GvHV(PL_hintgv);
7486 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CK_OPEN;
7489 SV **svp = hv_fetchs(table, "open_IN", FALSE);
7492 const char *d = SvPV_const(*svp, len);
7493 const I32 mode = mode_from_discipline(d, len);
7494 if (mode & O_BINARY)
7495 o->op_private |= OPpOPEN_IN_RAW;
7496 else if (mode & O_TEXT)
7497 o->op_private |= OPpOPEN_IN_CRLF;
7500 svp = hv_fetchs(table, "open_OUT", FALSE);
7503 const char *d = SvPV_const(*svp, len);
7504 const I32 mode = mode_from_discipline(d, len);
7505 if (mode & O_BINARY)
7506 o->op_private |= OPpOPEN_OUT_RAW;
7507 else if (mode & O_TEXT)
7508 o->op_private |= OPpOPEN_OUT_CRLF;
7511 if (o->op_type == OP_BACKTICK) {
7512 if (!(o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS)) {
7513 OP * const newop = newUNOP(OP_BACKTICK, 0, newDEFSVOP());
7515 op_getmad(o,newop,'O');
7524 /* In case of three-arg dup open remove strictness
7525 * from the last arg if it is a bareword. */
7526 OP * const first = cLISTOPx(o)->op_first; /* The pushmark. */
7527 OP * const last = cLISTOPx(o)->op_last; /* The bareword. */
7531 if ((last->op_type == OP_CONST) && /* The bareword. */
7532 (last->op_private & OPpCONST_BARE) &&
7533 (last->op_private & OPpCONST_STRICT) &&
7534 (oa = first->op_sibling) && /* The fh. */
7535 (oa = oa->op_sibling) && /* The mode. */
7536 (oa->op_type == OP_CONST) &&
7537 SvPOK(((SVOP*)oa)->op_sv) &&
7538 (mode = SvPVX_const(((SVOP*)oa)->op_sv)) &&
7539 mode[0] == '>' && mode[1] == '&' && /* A dup open. */
7540 (last == oa->op_sibling)) /* The bareword. */
7541 last->op_private &= ~OPpCONST_STRICT;
7547 Perl_ck_repeat(pTHX_ OP *o)
7549 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CK_REPEAT;
7551 if (cBINOPo->op_first->op_flags & OPf_PARENS) {
7552 o->op_private |= OPpREPEAT_DOLIST;
7553 cBINOPo->op_first = force_list(cBINOPo->op_first);
7561 Perl_ck_require(pTHX_ OP *o)
7566 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CK_REQUIRE;
7568 if (o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) { /* Shall we supply missing .pm? */
7569 SVOP * const kid = (SVOP*)cUNOPo->op_first;
7571 if (kid->op_type == OP_CONST && (kid->op_private & OPpCONST_BARE)) {
7572 SV * const sv = kid->op_sv;
7573 U32 was_readonly = SvREADONLY(sv);
7580 sv_force_normal_flags(sv, 0);
7581 assert(!SvREADONLY(sv));
7591 for (; s < end; s++) {
7592 if (*s == ':' && s[1] == ':') {
7594 Move(s+2, s+1, end - s - 1, char);
7599 sv_catpvs(sv, ".pm");
7600 SvFLAGS(sv) |= was_readonly;
7604 if (!(o->op_flags & OPf_SPECIAL)) { /* Wasn't written as CORE::require */
7605 /* handle override, if any */
7606 gv = gv_fetchpvs("require", GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PVCV);
7607 if (!(gv && GvCVu(gv) && GvIMPORTED_CV(gv))) {
7608 GV * const * const gvp = (GV**)hv_fetchs(PL_globalstash, "require", FALSE);
7609 gv = gvp ? *gvp : NULL;
7613 if (gv && GvCVu(gv) && GvIMPORTED_CV(gv)) {
7614 OP * const kid = cUNOPo->op_first;
7617 cUNOPo->op_first = 0;
7621 newop = ck_subr(newUNOP(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_STACKED,
7622 append_elem(OP_LIST, kid,
7623 scalar(newUNOP(OP_RV2CV, 0,
7626 op_getmad(o,newop,'O');
7634 Perl_ck_return(pTHX_ OP *o)
7639 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CK_RETURN;
7641 kid = cLISTOPo->op_first->op_sibling;
7642 if (CvLVALUE(PL_compcv)) {
7643 for (; kid; kid = kid->op_sibling)
7644 mod(kid, OP_LEAVESUBLV);
7646 for (; kid; kid = kid->op_sibling)
7647 if ((kid->op_type == OP_NULL)
7648 && ((kid->op_flags & (OPf_SPECIAL|OPf_KIDS)) == (OPf_SPECIAL|OPf_KIDS))) {
7649 /* This is a do block */
7650 OP *op = kUNOP->op_first;
7651 if (op->op_type == OP_LEAVE && op->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) {
7652 op = cUNOPx(op)->op_first;
7653 assert(op->op_type == OP_ENTER && !(op->op_flags & OPf_SPECIAL));
7654 /* Force the use of the caller's context */
7655 op->op_flags |= OPf_SPECIAL;
7664 Perl_ck_select(pTHX_ OP *o)
7669 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CK_SELECT;
7671 if (o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) {
7672 kid = cLISTOPo->op_first->op_sibling; /* get past pushmark */
7673 if (kid && kid->op_sibling) {
7674 o->op_type = OP_SSELECT;
7675 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_SSELECT];
7677 return fold_constants(o);
7681 kid = cLISTOPo->op_first->op_sibling; /* get past pushmark */
7682 if (kid && kid->op_type == OP_RV2GV)
7683 kid->op_private &= ~HINT_STRICT_REFS;
7688 Perl_ck_shift(pTHX_ OP *o)
7691 const I32 type = o->op_type;
7693 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CK_SHIFT;
7695 if (!(o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS)) {
7697 /* FIXME - this can be refactored to reduce code in #ifdefs */
7699 OP * const oldo = o;
7703 argop = newUNOP(OP_RV2AV, 0,
7704 scalar(newGVOP(OP_GV, 0, CvUNIQUE(PL_compcv) ? PL_argvgv : PL_defgv)));
7706 o = newUNOP(type, 0, scalar(argop));
7707 op_getmad(oldo,o,'O');
7710 return newUNOP(type, 0, scalar(argop));
7713 return scalar(modkids(ck_fun(o), type));
7717 Perl_ck_sort(pTHX_ OP *o)
7722 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CK_SORT;
7724 if (o->op_type == OP_SORT && (PL_hints & HINT_LOCALIZE_HH) != 0) {
7725 HV * const hinthv = GvHV(PL_hintgv);
7727 SV ** const svp = hv_fetchs(hinthv, "sort", FALSE);
7729 const I32 sorthints = (I32)SvIV(*svp);
7730 if ((sorthints & HINT_SORT_QUICKSORT) != 0)
7731 o->op_private |= OPpSORT_QSORT;
7732 if ((sorthints & HINT_SORT_STABLE) != 0)
7733 o->op_private |= OPpSORT_STABLE;
7738 if (o->op_type == OP_SORT && o->op_flags & OPf_STACKED)
7740 firstkid = cLISTOPo->op_first->op_sibling; /* get past pushmark */
7741 if (o->op_flags & OPf_STACKED) { /* may have been cleared */
7743 OP *kid = cUNOPx(firstkid)->op_first; /* get past null */
7745 if (kid->op_type == OP_SCOPE || kid->op_type == OP_LEAVE) {
7747 if (kid->op_type == OP_SCOPE) {
7751 else if (kid->op_type == OP_LEAVE) {
7752 if (o->op_type == OP_SORT) {
7753 op_null(kid); /* wipe out leave */
7756 for (k = kLISTOP->op_first->op_next; k; k = k->op_next) {
7757 if (k->op_next == kid)
7759 /* don't descend into loops */
7760 else if (k->op_type == OP_ENTERLOOP
7761 || k->op_type == OP_ENTERITER)
7763 k = cLOOPx(k)->op_lastop;
7768 kid->op_next = 0; /* just disconnect the leave */
7769 k = kLISTOP->op_first;
7774 if (o->op_type == OP_SORT) {
7775 /* provide scalar context for comparison function/block */
7781 o->op_flags |= OPf_SPECIAL;
7783 else if (kid->op_type == OP_RV2SV || kid->op_type == OP_PADSV)
7786 firstkid = firstkid->op_sibling;
7789 /* provide list context for arguments */
7790 if (o->op_type == OP_SORT)
7797 S_simplify_sort(pTHX_ OP *o)
7800 register OP *kid = cLISTOPo->op_first->op_sibling; /* get past pushmark */
7806 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_SIMPLIFY_SORT;
7808 if (!(o->op_flags & OPf_STACKED))
7810 GvMULTI_on(gv_fetchpvs("a", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PV));
7811 GvMULTI_on(gv_fetchpvs("b", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PV));
7812 kid = kUNOP->op_first; /* get past null */
7813 if (kid->op_type != OP_SCOPE)
7815 kid = kLISTOP->op_last; /* get past scope */
7816 switch(kid->op_type) {
7824 k = kid; /* remember this node*/
7825 if (kBINOP->op_first->op_type != OP_RV2SV)
7827 kid = kBINOP->op_first; /* get past cmp */
7828 if (kUNOP->op_first->op_type != OP_GV)
7830 kid = kUNOP->op_first; /* get past rv2sv */
7832 if (GvSTASH(gv) != PL_curstash)
7834 gvname = GvNAME(gv);
7835 if (*gvname == 'a' && gvname[1] == '\0')
7837 else if (*gvname == 'b' && gvname[1] == '\0')
7842 kid = k; /* back to cmp */
7843 if (kBINOP->op_last->op_type != OP_RV2SV)
7845 kid = kBINOP->op_last; /* down to 2nd arg */
7846 if (kUNOP->op_first->op_type != OP_GV)
7848 kid = kUNOP->op_first; /* get past rv2sv */
7850 if (GvSTASH(gv) != PL_curstash)
7852 gvname = GvNAME(gv);
7854 ? !(*gvname == 'a' && gvname[1] == '\0')
7855 : !(*gvname == 'b' && gvname[1] == '\0'))
7857 o->op_flags &= ~(OPf_STACKED | OPf_SPECIAL);
7859 o->op_private |= OPpSORT_DESCEND;
7860 if (k->op_type == OP_NCMP)
7861 o->op_private |= OPpSORT_NUMERIC;
7862 if (k->op_type == OP_I_NCMP)
7863 o->op_private |= OPpSORT_NUMERIC | OPpSORT_INTEGER;
7864 kid = cLISTOPo->op_first->op_sibling;
7865 cLISTOPo->op_first->op_sibling = kid->op_sibling; /* bypass old block */
7867 op_getmad(kid,o,'S'); /* then delete it */
7869 op_free(kid); /* then delete it */
7874 Perl_ck_split(pTHX_ OP *o)
7879 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CK_SPLIT;
7881 if (o->op_flags & OPf_STACKED)
7882 return no_fh_allowed(o);
7884 kid = cLISTOPo->op_first;
7885 if (kid->op_type != OP_NULL)
7886 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: ck_split");
7887 kid = kid->op_sibling;
7888 op_free(cLISTOPo->op_first);
7889 cLISTOPo->op_first = kid;
7891 cLISTOPo->op_first = kid = newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, newSVpvs(" "));
7892 cLISTOPo->op_last = kid; /* There was only one element previously */
7895 if (kid->op_type != OP_MATCH || kid->op_flags & OPf_STACKED) {
7896 OP * const sibl = kid->op_sibling;
7897 kid->op_sibling = 0;
7898 kid = pmruntime( newPMOP(OP_MATCH, OPf_SPECIAL), kid, 0);
7899 if (cLISTOPo->op_first == cLISTOPo->op_last)
7900 cLISTOPo->op_last = kid;
7901 cLISTOPo->op_first = kid;
7902 kid->op_sibling = sibl;
7905 kid->op_type = OP_PUSHRE;
7906 kid->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_PUSHRE];
7908 if (((PMOP *)kid)->op_pmflags & PMf_GLOBAL && ckWARN(WARN_REGEXP)) {
7909 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_REGEXP),
7910 "Use of /g modifier is meaningless in split");
7913 if (!kid->op_sibling)
7914 append_elem(OP_SPLIT, o, newDEFSVOP());
7916 kid = kid->op_sibling;
7919 if (!kid->op_sibling)
7920 append_elem(OP_SPLIT, o, newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, newSViv(0)));
7921 assert(kid->op_sibling);
7923 kid = kid->op_sibling;
7926 if (kid->op_sibling)
7927 return too_many_arguments(o,OP_DESC(o));
7933 Perl_ck_join(pTHX_ OP *o)
7935 const OP * const kid = cLISTOPo->op_first->op_sibling;
7937 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CK_JOIN;
7939 if (kid && kid->op_type == OP_MATCH) {
7940 if (ckWARN(WARN_SYNTAX)) {
7941 const REGEXP *re = PM_GETRE(kPMOP);
7942 const char *pmstr = re ? RX_PRECOMP_const(re) : "STRING";
7943 const STRLEN len = re ? RX_PRELEN(re) : 6;
7944 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_SYNTAX),
7945 "/%.*s/ should probably be written as \"%.*s\"",
7946 (int)len, pmstr, (int)len, pmstr);
7953 Perl_ck_subr(pTHX_ OP *o)
7956 OP *prev = ((cUNOPo->op_first->op_sibling)
7957 ? cUNOPo : ((UNOP*)cUNOPo->op_first))->op_first;
7958 OP *o2 = prev->op_sibling;
7960 const char *proto = NULL;
7961 const char *proto_end = NULL;
7966 I32 contextclass = 0;
7967 const char *e = NULL;
7970 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CK_SUBR;
7972 o->op_private |= OPpENTERSUB_HASTARG;
7973 for (cvop = o2; cvop->op_sibling; cvop = cvop->op_sibling) ;
7974 if (cvop->op_type == OP_RV2CV) {
7976 o->op_private |= (cvop->op_private & OPpENTERSUB_AMPER);
7977 op_null(cvop); /* disable rv2cv */
7978 tmpop = (SVOP*)((UNOP*)cvop)->op_first;
7979 if (tmpop->op_type == OP_GV && !(o->op_private & OPpENTERSUB_AMPER)) {
7980 GV *gv = cGVOPx_gv(tmpop);
7983 tmpop->op_private |= OPpEARLY_CV;
7987 namegv = CvANON(cv) ? gv : CvGV(cv);
7988 proto = SvPV(MUTABLE_SV(cv), len);
7989 proto_end = proto + len;
7994 else if (cvop->op_type == OP_METHOD || cvop->op_type == OP_METHOD_NAMED) {
7995 if (o2->op_type == OP_CONST)
7996 o2->op_private &= ~OPpCONST_STRICT;
7997 else if (o2->op_type == OP_LIST) {
7998 OP * const sib = ((UNOP*)o2)->op_first->op_sibling;
7999 if (sib && sib->op_type == OP_CONST)
8000 sib->op_private &= ~OPpCONST_STRICT;
8003 o->op_private |= (PL_hints & HINT_STRICT_REFS);
8004 if (PERLDB_SUB && PL_curstash != PL_debstash)
8005 o->op_private |= OPpENTERSUB_DB;
8006 while (o2 != cvop) {
8008 if (PL_madskills && o2->op_type == OP_STUB) {
8009 o2 = o2->op_sibling;
8012 if (PL_madskills && o2->op_type == OP_NULL)
8013 o3 = ((UNOP*)o2)->op_first;
8017 if (proto >= proto_end)
8018 return too_many_arguments(o, gv_ename(namegv));
8026 /* _ must be at the end */
8027 if (proto[1] && proto[1] != ';')
8042 if (o3->op_type != OP_REFGEN && o3->op_type != OP_UNDEF)
8044 arg == 1 ? "block or sub {}" : "sub {}",
8045 gv_ename(namegv), o3);
8048 /* '*' allows any scalar type, including bareword */
8051 if (o3->op_type == OP_RV2GV)
8052 goto wrapref; /* autoconvert GLOB -> GLOBref */
8053 else if (o3->op_type == OP_CONST)
8054 o3->op_private &= ~OPpCONST_STRICT;
8055 else if (o3->op_type == OP_ENTERSUB) {
8056 /* accidental subroutine, revert to bareword */
8057 OP *gvop = ((UNOP*)o3)->op_first;
8058 if (gvop && gvop->op_type == OP_NULL) {
8059 gvop = ((UNOP*)gvop)->op_first;
8061 for (; gvop->op_sibling; gvop = gvop->op_sibling)
8064 (gvop->op_private & OPpENTERSUB_NOPAREN) &&
8065 (gvop = ((UNOP*)gvop)->op_first) &&
8066 gvop->op_type == OP_GV)
8068 GV * const gv = cGVOPx_gv(gvop);
8069 OP * const sibling = o2->op_sibling;
8070 SV * const n = newSVpvs("");
8072 OP * const oldo2 = o2;
8076 gv_fullname4(n, gv, "", FALSE);
8077 o2 = newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, n);
8078 op_getmad(oldo2,o2,'O');
8079 prev->op_sibling = o2;
8080 o2->op_sibling = sibling;
8096 if (contextclass++ == 0) {
8097 e = strchr(proto, ']');
8098 if (!e || e == proto)
8107 const char *p = proto;
8108 const char *const end = proto;
8110 while (*--p != '[') {}
8111 bad_type(arg, Perl_form(aTHX_ "one of %.*s",
8113 gv_ename(namegv), o3);
8118 if (o3->op_type == OP_RV2GV)
8121 bad_type(arg, "symbol", gv_ename(namegv), o3);
8124 if (o3->op_type == OP_ENTERSUB)
8127 bad_type(arg, "subroutine entry", gv_ename(namegv),
8131 if (o3->op_type == OP_RV2SV ||
8132 o3->op_type == OP_PADSV ||
8133 o3->op_type == OP_HELEM ||
8134 o3->op_type == OP_AELEM)
8137 bad_type(arg, "scalar", gv_ename(namegv), o3);
8140 if (o3->op_type == OP_RV2AV ||
8141 o3->op_type == OP_PADAV)
8144 bad_type(arg, "array", gv_ename(namegv), o3);
8147 if (o3->op_type == OP_RV2HV ||
8148 o3->op_type == OP_PADHV)
8151 bad_type(arg, "hash", gv_ename(namegv), o3);
8156 OP* const sib = kid->op_sibling;
8157 kid->op_sibling = 0;
8158 o2 = newUNOP(OP_REFGEN, 0, kid);
8159 o2->op_sibling = sib;
8160 prev->op_sibling = o2;
8162 if (contextclass && e) {
8177 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Malformed prototype for %s: %"SVf,
8178 gv_ename(namegv), SVfARG(cv));
8183 mod(o2, OP_ENTERSUB);
8185 o2 = o2->op_sibling;
8187 if (o2 == cvop && proto && *proto == '_') {
8188 /* generate an access to $_ */
8190 o2->op_sibling = prev->op_sibling;
8191 prev->op_sibling = o2; /* instead of cvop */
8193 if (proto && !optional && proto_end > proto &&
8194 (*proto != '@' && *proto != '%' && *proto != ';' && *proto != '_'))
8195 return too_few_arguments(o, gv_ename(namegv));
8198 OP * const oldo = o;
8202 o=newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, newSViv(0));
8203 op_getmad(oldo,o,'O');
8209 Perl_ck_svconst(pTHX_ OP *o)
8211 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CK_SVCONST;
8212 PERL_UNUSED_CONTEXT;
8213 SvREADONLY_on(cSVOPo->op_sv);
8218 Perl_ck_chdir(pTHX_ OP *o)
8220 if (o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) {
8221 SVOP * const kid = (SVOP*)cUNOPo->op_first;
8223 if (kid && kid->op_type == OP_CONST &&
8224 (kid->op_private & OPpCONST_BARE))
8226 o->op_flags |= OPf_SPECIAL;
8227 kid->op_private &= ~OPpCONST_STRICT;
8234 Perl_ck_trunc(pTHX_ OP *o)
8236 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CK_TRUNC;
8238 if (o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) {
8239 SVOP *kid = (SVOP*)cUNOPo->op_first;
8241 if (kid->op_type == OP_NULL)
8242 kid = (SVOP*)kid->op_sibling;
8243 if (kid && kid->op_type == OP_CONST &&
8244 (kid->op_private & OPpCONST_BARE))
8246 o->op_flags |= OPf_SPECIAL;
8247 kid->op_private &= ~OPpCONST_STRICT;
8254 Perl_ck_unpack(pTHX_ OP *o)
8256 OP *kid = cLISTOPo->op_first;
8258 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CK_UNPACK;
8260 if (kid->op_sibling) {
8261 kid = kid->op_sibling;
8262 if (!kid->op_sibling)
8263 kid->op_sibling = newDEFSVOP();
8269 Perl_ck_substr(pTHX_ OP *o)
8271 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CK_SUBSTR;
8274 if ((o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) && (o->op_private == 4)) {
8275 OP *kid = cLISTOPo->op_first;
8277 if (kid->op_type == OP_NULL)
8278 kid = kid->op_sibling;
8280 kid->op_flags |= OPf_MOD;
8287 Perl_ck_each(pTHX_ OP *o)
8290 OP *kid = cLISTOPo->op_first;
8292 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CK_EACH;
8294 if (kid->op_type == OP_PADAV || kid->op_type == OP_RV2AV) {
8295 const unsigned new_type = o->op_type == OP_EACH ? OP_AEACH
8296 : o->op_type == OP_KEYS ? OP_AKEYS : OP_AVALUES;
8297 o->op_type = new_type;
8298 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[new_type];
8300 else if (!(kid->op_type == OP_PADHV || kid->op_type == OP_RV2HV
8301 || (kid->op_type == OP_CONST && kid->op_private & OPpCONST_BARE)
8303 bad_type(1, "hash or array", PL_op_desc[o->op_type], kid);
8309 /* A peephole optimizer. We visit the ops in the order they're to execute.
8310 * See the comments at the top of this file for more details about when
8311 * peep() is called */
8314 Perl_peep(pTHX_ register OP *o)
8317 register OP* oldop = NULL;
8319 if (!o || o->op_opt)
8323 SAVEVPTR(PL_curcop);
8324 for (; o; o = o->op_next) {
8327 /* By default, this op has now been optimised. A couple of cases below
8328 clear this again. */
8331 switch (o->op_type) {
8334 PL_curcop = ((COP*)o); /* for warnings */
8338 if (cSVOPo->op_private & OPpCONST_STRICT)
8339 no_bareword_allowed(o);
8342 case OP_METHOD_NAMED:
8343 /* Relocate sv to the pad for thread safety.
8344 * Despite being a "constant", the SV is written to,
8345 * for reference counts, sv_upgrade() etc. */
8347 const PADOFFSET ix = pad_alloc(OP_CONST, SVs_PADTMP);
8348 if (o->op_type != OP_METHOD_NAMED && SvPADTMP(cSVOPo->op_sv)) {
8349 /* If op_sv is already a PADTMP then it is being used by
8350 * some pad, so make a copy. */
8351 sv_setsv(PAD_SVl(ix),cSVOPo->op_sv);
8352 SvREADONLY_on(PAD_SVl(ix));
8353 SvREFCNT_dec(cSVOPo->op_sv);
8355 else if (o->op_type != OP_METHOD_NAMED
8356 && cSVOPo->op_sv == &PL_sv_undef) {
8357 /* PL_sv_undef is hack - it's unsafe to store it in the
8358 AV that is the pad, because av_fetch treats values of
8359 PL_sv_undef as a "free" AV entry and will merrily
8360 replace them with a new SV, causing pad_alloc to think
8361 that this pad slot is free. (When, clearly, it is not)
8363 SvOK_off(PAD_SVl(ix));
8364 SvPADTMP_on(PAD_SVl(ix));
8365 SvREADONLY_on(PAD_SVl(ix));
8368 SvREFCNT_dec(PAD_SVl(ix));
8369 SvPADTMP_on(cSVOPo->op_sv);
8370 PAD_SETSV(ix, cSVOPo->op_sv);
8371 /* XXX I don't know how this isn't readonly already. */
8372 SvREADONLY_on(PAD_SVl(ix));
8374 cSVOPo->op_sv = NULL;
8381 if (o->op_next && o->op_next->op_type == OP_STRINGIFY) {
8382 if (o->op_next->op_private & OPpTARGET_MY) {
8383 if (o->op_flags & OPf_STACKED) /* chained concats */
8384 break; /* ignore_optimization */
8386 /* assert(PL_opargs[o->op_type] & OA_TARGLEX); */
8387 o->op_targ = o->op_next->op_targ;
8388 o->op_next->op_targ = 0;
8389 o->op_private |= OPpTARGET_MY;
8392 op_null(o->op_next);
8396 if ((o->op_flags & OPf_WANT) != OPf_WANT_LIST) {
8397 break; /* Scalar stub must produce undef. List stub is noop */
8401 if (o->op_targ == OP_NEXTSTATE
8402 || o->op_targ == OP_DBSTATE)
8404 PL_curcop = ((COP*)o);
8406 /* XXX: We avoid setting op_seq here to prevent later calls
8407 to peep() from mistakenly concluding that optimisation
8408 has already occurred. This doesn't fix the real problem,
8409 though (See 20010220.007). AMS 20010719 */
8410 /* op_seq functionality is now replaced by op_opt */
8417 if (oldop && o->op_next) {
8418 oldop->op_next = o->op_next;
8426 if (o->op_type == OP_PADAV || o->op_next->op_type == OP_RV2AV) {
8427 OP* const pop = (o->op_type == OP_PADAV) ?
8428 o->op_next : o->op_next->op_next;
8430 if (pop && pop->op_type == OP_CONST &&
8431 ((PL_op = pop->op_next)) &&
8432 pop->op_next->op_type == OP_AELEM &&
8433 !(pop->op_next->op_private &
8434 (OPpLVAL_INTRO|OPpLVAL_DEFER|OPpDEREF|OPpMAYBE_LVSUB)) &&
8435 (i = SvIV(((SVOP*)pop)->op_sv) - CopARYBASE_get(PL_curcop))
8440 if (cSVOPx(pop)->op_private & OPpCONST_STRICT)
8441 no_bareword_allowed(pop);
8442 if (o->op_type == OP_GV)
8443 op_null(o->op_next);
8444 op_null(pop->op_next);
8446 o->op_flags |= pop->op_next->op_flags & OPf_MOD;
8447 o->op_next = pop->op_next->op_next;
8448 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_AELEMFAST];
8449 o->op_private = (U8)i;
8450 if (o->op_type == OP_GV) {
8455 o->op_flags |= OPf_SPECIAL;
8456 o->op_type = OP_AELEMFAST;
8461 if (o->op_next->op_type == OP_RV2SV) {
8462 if (!(o->op_next->op_private & OPpDEREF)) {
8463 op_null(o->op_next);
8464 o->op_private |= o->op_next->op_private & (OPpLVAL_INTRO
8466 o->op_next = o->op_next->op_next;
8467 o->op_type = OP_GVSV;
8468 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_GVSV];
8471 else if ((o->op_private & OPpEARLY_CV) && ckWARN(WARN_PROTOTYPE)) {
8472 GV * const gv = cGVOPo_gv;
8473 if (SvTYPE(gv) == SVt_PVGV && GvCV(gv) && SvPVX_const(GvCV(gv))) {
8474 /* XXX could check prototype here instead of just carping */
8475 SV * const sv = sv_newmortal();
8476 gv_efullname3(sv, gv, NULL);
8477 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_PROTOTYPE),
8478 "%"SVf"() called too early to check prototype",
8482 else if (o->op_next->op_type == OP_READLINE
8483 && o->op_next->op_next->op_type == OP_CONCAT
8484 && (o->op_next->op_next->op_flags & OPf_STACKED))
8486 /* Turn "$a .= <FH>" into an OP_RCATLINE. AMS 20010917 */
8487 o->op_type = OP_RCATLINE;
8488 o->op_flags |= OPf_STACKED;
8489 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_RCATLINE];
8490 op_null(o->op_next->op_next);
8491 op_null(o->op_next);
8507 while (cLOGOP->op_other->op_type == OP_NULL)
8508 cLOGOP->op_other = cLOGOP->op_other->op_next;
8509 peep(cLOGOP->op_other); /* Recursive calls are not replaced by fptr calls */
8514 while (cLOOP->op_redoop->op_type == OP_NULL)
8515 cLOOP->op_redoop = cLOOP->op_redoop->op_next;
8516 peep(cLOOP->op_redoop);
8517 while (cLOOP->op_nextop->op_type == OP_NULL)
8518 cLOOP->op_nextop = cLOOP->op_nextop->op_next;
8519 peep(cLOOP->op_nextop);
8520 while (cLOOP->op_lastop->op_type == OP_NULL)
8521 cLOOP->op_lastop = cLOOP->op_lastop->op_next;
8522 peep(cLOOP->op_lastop);
8526 assert(!(cPMOP->op_pmflags & PMf_ONCE));
8527 while (cPMOP->op_pmstashstartu.op_pmreplstart &&
8528 cPMOP->op_pmstashstartu.op_pmreplstart->op_type == OP_NULL)
8529 cPMOP->op_pmstashstartu.op_pmreplstart
8530 = cPMOP->op_pmstashstartu.op_pmreplstart->op_next;
8531 peep(cPMOP->op_pmstashstartu.op_pmreplstart);
8535 if (o->op_next && o->op_next->op_type == OP_NEXTSTATE
8536 && ckWARN(WARN_SYNTAX))
8538 if (o->op_next->op_sibling) {
8539 const OPCODE type = o->op_next->op_sibling->op_type;
8540 if (type != OP_EXIT && type != OP_WARN && type != OP_DIE) {
8541 const line_t oldline = CopLINE(PL_curcop);
8542 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, CopLINE((COP*)o->op_next));
8543 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_EXEC),
8544 "Statement unlikely to be reached");
8545 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_EXEC),
8546 "\t(Maybe you meant system() when you said exec()?)\n");
8547 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
8558 const char *key = NULL;
8561 if (((BINOP*)o)->op_last->op_type != OP_CONST)
8564 /* Make the CONST have a shared SV */
8565 svp = cSVOPx_svp(((BINOP*)o)->op_last);
8566 if ((!SvFAKE(sv = *svp) || !SvREADONLY(sv)) && !IS_PADCONST(sv)) {
8567 key = SvPV_const(sv, keylen);
8568 lexname = newSVpvn_share(key,
8569 SvUTF8(sv) ? -(I32)keylen : (I32)keylen,
8575 if ((o->op_private & (OPpLVAL_INTRO)))
8578 rop = (UNOP*)((BINOP*)o)->op_first;
8579 if (rop->op_type != OP_RV2HV || rop->op_first->op_type != OP_PADSV)
8581 lexname = *av_fetch(PL_comppad_name, rop->op_first->op_targ, TRUE);
8582 if (!SvPAD_TYPED(lexname))
8584 fields = (GV**)hv_fetchs(SvSTASH(lexname), "FIELDS", FALSE);
8585 if (!fields || !GvHV(*fields))
8587 key = SvPV_const(*svp, keylen);
8588 if (!hv_fetch(GvHV(*fields), key,
8589 SvUTF8(*svp) ? -(I32)keylen : (I32)keylen, FALSE))
8591 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No such class field \"%s\" "
8592 "in variable %s of type %s",
8593 key, SvPV_nolen_const(lexname), HvNAME_get(SvSTASH(lexname)));
8606 SVOP *first_key_op, *key_op;
8608 if ((o->op_private & (OPpLVAL_INTRO))
8609 /* I bet there's always a pushmark... */
8610 || ((LISTOP*)o)->op_first->op_sibling->op_type != OP_LIST)
8611 /* hmmm, no optimization if list contains only one key. */
8613 rop = (UNOP*)((LISTOP*)o)->op_last;
8614 if (rop->op_type != OP_RV2HV)
8616 if (rop->op_first->op_type == OP_PADSV)
8617 /* @$hash{qw(keys here)} */
8618 rop = (UNOP*)rop->op_first;
8620 /* @{$hash}{qw(keys here)} */
8621 if (rop->op_first->op_type == OP_SCOPE
8622 && cLISTOPx(rop->op_first)->op_last->op_type == OP_PADSV)
8624 rop = (UNOP*)cLISTOPx(rop->op_first)->op_last;
8630 lexname = *av_fetch(PL_comppad_name, rop->op_targ, TRUE);
8631 if (!SvPAD_TYPED(lexname))
8633 fields = (GV**)hv_fetchs(SvSTASH(lexname), "FIELDS", FALSE);
8634 if (!fields || !GvHV(*fields))
8636 /* Again guessing that the pushmark can be jumped over.... */
8637 first_key_op = (SVOP*)((LISTOP*)((LISTOP*)o)->op_first->op_sibling)
8638 ->op_first->op_sibling;
8639 for (key_op = first_key_op; key_op;
8640 key_op = (SVOP*)key_op->op_sibling) {
8641 if (key_op->op_type != OP_CONST)
8643 svp = cSVOPx_svp(key_op);
8644 key = SvPV_const(*svp, keylen);
8645 if (!hv_fetch(GvHV(*fields), key,
8646 SvUTF8(*svp) ? -(I32)keylen : (I32)keylen, FALSE))
8648 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No such class field \"%s\" "
8649 "in variable %s of type %s",
8650 key, SvPV_nolen(lexname), HvNAME_get(SvSTASH(lexname)));
8657 /* will point to RV2AV or PADAV op on LHS/RHS of assign */
8661 /* check that RHS of sort is a single plain array */
8662 OP *oright = cUNOPo->op_first;
8663 if (!oright || oright->op_type != OP_PUSHMARK)
8666 /* reverse sort ... can be optimised. */
8667 if (!cUNOPo->op_sibling) {
8668 /* Nothing follows us on the list. */
8669 OP * const reverse = o->op_next;
8671 if (reverse->op_type == OP_REVERSE &&
8672 (reverse->op_flags & OPf_WANT) == OPf_WANT_LIST) {
8673 OP * const pushmark = cUNOPx(reverse)->op_first;
8674 if (pushmark && (pushmark->op_type == OP_PUSHMARK)
8675 && (cUNOPx(pushmark)->op_sibling == o)) {
8676 /* reverse -> pushmark -> sort */
8677 o->op_private |= OPpSORT_REVERSE;
8679 pushmark->op_next = oright->op_next;
8685 /* make @a = sort @a act in-place */
8687 oright = cUNOPx(oright)->op_sibling;
8690 if (oright->op_type == OP_NULL) { /* skip sort block/sub */
8691 oright = cUNOPx(oright)->op_sibling;
8695 (oright->op_type != OP_RV2AV && oright->op_type != OP_PADAV)
8696 || oright->op_next != o
8697 || (oright->op_private & OPpLVAL_INTRO)
8701 /* o2 follows the chain of op_nexts through the LHS of the
8702 * assign (if any) to the aassign op itself */
8704 if (!o2 || o2->op_type != OP_NULL)
8707 if (!o2 || o2->op_type != OP_PUSHMARK)
8710 if (o2 && o2->op_type == OP_GV)
8713 || (o2->op_type != OP_PADAV && o2->op_type != OP_RV2AV)
8714 || (o2->op_private & OPpLVAL_INTRO)
8719 if (!o2 || o2->op_type != OP_NULL)
8722 if (!o2 || o2->op_type != OP_AASSIGN
8723 || (o2->op_flags & OPf_WANT) != OPf_WANT_VOID)
8726 /* check that the sort is the first arg on RHS of assign */
8728 o2 = cUNOPx(o2)->op_first;
8729 if (!o2 || o2->op_type != OP_NULL)
8731 o2 = cUNOPx(o2)->op_first;
8732 if (!o2 || o2->op_type != OP_PUSHMARK)
8734 if (o2->op_sibling != o)
8737 /* check the array is the same on both sides */
8738 if (oleft->op_type == OP_RV2AV) {
8739 if (oright->op_type != OP_RV2AV
8740 || !cUNOPx(oright)->op_first
8741 || cUNOPx(oright)->op_first->op_type != OP_GV
8742 || cGVOPx_gv(cUNOPx(oleft)->op_first) !=
8743 cGVOPx_gv(cUNOPx(oright)->op_first)
8747 else if (oright->op_type != OP_PADAV
8748 || oright->op_targ != oleft->op_targ
8752 /* transfer MODishness etc from LHS arg to RHS arg */
8753 oright->op_flags = oleft->op_flags;
8754 o->op_private |= OPpSORT_INPLACE;
8756 /* excise push->gv->rv2av->null->aassign */
8757 o2 = o->op_next->op_next;
8758 op_null(o2); /* PUSHMARK */
8760 if (o2->op_type == OP_GV) {
8761 op_null(o2); /* GV */
8764 op_null(o2); /* RV2AV or PADAV */
8765 o2 = o2->op_next->op_next;
8766 op_null(o2); /* AASSIGN */
8768 o->op_next = o2->op_next;
8774 OP *ourmark, *theirmark, *ourlast, *iter, *expushmark, *rv2av;
8776 LISTOP *enter, *exlist;
8778 enter = (LISTOP *) o->op_next;
8781 if (enter->op_type == OP_NULL) {
8782 enter = (LISTOP *) enter->op_next;
8786 /* for $a (...) will have OP_GV then OP_RV2GV here.
8787 for (...) just has an OP_GV. */
8788 if (enter->op_type == OP_GV) {
8789 gvop = (OP *) enter;
8790 enter = (LISTOP *) enter->op_next;
8793 if (enter->op_type == OP_RV2GV) {
8794 enter = (LISTOP *) enter->op_next;
8800 if (enter->op_type != OP_ENTERITER)
8803 iter = enter->op_next;
8804 if (!iter || iter->op_type != OP_ITER)
8807 expushmark = enter->op_first;
8808 if (!expushmark || expushmark->op_type != OP_NULL
8809 || expushmark->op_targ != OP_PUSHMARK)
8812 exlist = (LISTOP *) expushmark->op_sibling;
8813 if (!exlist || exlist->op_type != OP_NULL
8814 || exlist->op_targ != OP_LIST)
8817 if (exlist->op_last != o) {
8818 /* Mmm. Was expecting to point back to this op. */
8821 theirmark = exlist->op_first;
8822 if (!theirmark || theirmark->op_type != OP_PUSHMARK)
8825 if (theirmark->op_sibling != o) {
8826 /* There's something between the mark and the reverse, eg
8827 for (1, reverse (...))
8832 ourmark = ((LISTOP *)o)->op_first;
8833 if (!ourmark || ourmark->op_type != OP_PUSHMARK)
8836 ourlast = ((LISTOP *)o)->op_last;
8837 if (!ourlast || ourlast->op_next != o)
8840 rv2av = ourmark->op_sibling;
8841 if (rv2av && rv2av->op_type == OP_RV2AV && rv2av->op_sibling == 0
8842 && rv2av->op_flags == (OPf_WANT_LIST | OPf_KIDS)
8843 && enter->op_flags == (OPf_WANT_LIST | OPf_KIDS)) {
8844 /* We're just reversing a single array. */
8845 rv2av->op_flags = OPf_WANT_SCALAR | OPf_KIDS | OPf_REF;
8846 enter->op_flags |= OPf_STACKED;
8849 /* We don't have control over who points to theirmark, so sacrifice
8851 theirmark->op_next = ourmark->op_next;
8852 theirmark->op_flags = ourmark->op_flags;
8853 ourlast->op_next = gvop ? gvop : (OP *) enter;
8856 enter->op_private |= OPpITER_REVERSED;
8857 iter->op_private |= OPpITER_REVERSED;
8864 UNOP *refgen, *rv2cv;
8867 if ((o->op_flags & OPf_WANT) != OPf_WANT_VOID)
8870 if ((o->op_private & ~OPpASSIGN_BACKWARDS) != 2)
8873 rv2gv = ((BINOP *)o)->op_last;
8874 if (!rv2gv || rv2gv->op_type != OP_RV2GV)
8877 refgen = (UNOP *)((BINOP *)o)->op_first;
8879 if (!refgen || refgen->op_type != OP_REFGEN)
8882 exlist = (LISTOP *)refgen->op_first;
8883 if (!exlist || exlist->op_type != OP_NULL
8884 || exlist->op_targ != OP_LIST)
8887 if (exlist->op_first->op_type != OP_PUSHMARK)
8890 rv2cv = (UNOP*)exlist->op_last;
8892 if (rv2cv->op_type != OP_RV2CV)
8895 assert ((rv2gv->op_private & OPpDONT_INIT_GV) == 0);
8896 assert ((o->op_private & OPpASSIGN_CV_TO_GV) == 0);
8897 assert ((rv2cv->op_private & OPpMAY_RETURN_CONSTANT) == 0);
8899 o->op_private |= OPpASSIGN_CV_TO_GV;
8900 rv2gv->op_private |= OPpDONT_INIT_GV;
8901 rv2cv->op_private |= OPpMAY_RETURN_CONSTANT;
8909 if (!(cPMOP->op_pmflags & PMf_ONCE)) {
8910 assert (!cPMOP->op_pmstashstartu.op_pmreplstart);
8920 Perl_custom_op_name(pTHX_ const OP* o)
8923 const IV index = PTR2IV(o->op_ppaddr);
8927 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CUSTOM_OP_NAME;
8929 if (!PL_custom_op_names) /* This probably shouldn't happen */
8930 return (char *)PL_op_name[OP_CUSTOM];
8932 keysv = sv_2mortal(newSViv(index));
8934 he = hv_fetch_ent(PL_custom_op_names, keysv, 0, 0);
8936 return (char *)PL_op_name[OP_CUSTOM]; /* Don't know who you are */
8938 return SvPV_nolen(HeVAL(he));
8942 Perl_custom_op_desc(pTHX_ const OP* o)
8945 const IV index = PTR2IV(o->op_ppaddr);
8949 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CUSTOM_OP_DESC;
8951 if (!PL_custom_op_descs)
8952 return (char *)PL_op_desc[OP_CUSTOM];
8954 keysv = sv_2mortal(newSViv(index));
8956 he = hv_fetch_ent(PL_custom_op_descs, keysv, 0, 0);
8958 return (char *)PL_op_desc[OP_CUSTOM];
8960 return SvPV_nolen(HeVAL(he));
8965 /* Efficient sub that returns a constant scalar value. */
8967 const_sv_xsub(pTHX_ CV* cv)
8974 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "usage: %s::%s()",
8975 HvNAME_get(GvSTASH(CvGV(cv))), GvNAME(CvGV(cv)));
8979 ST(0) = MUTABLE_SV(XSANY.any_ptr);
8985 * c-indentation-style: bsd
8987 * indent-tabs-mode: t
8990 * ex: set ts=8 sts=4 sw=4 noet: