3 * Copyright (C) 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
4 * 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, by Larry Wall and others
6 * You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
7 * License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
12 * "You see: Mr. Drogo, he married poor Miss Primula Brandybuck. She was
13 * our Mr. Bilbo's first cousin on the mother's side (her mother being the
14 * youngest of the Old Took's daughters); and Mr. Drogo was his second
15 * cousin. So Mr. Frodo is his first *and* second cousin, once removed
16 * either way, as the saying is, if you follow me." --the Gaffer
19 /* This file contains the functions that create, manipulate and optimize
20 * the OP structures that hold a compiled perl program.
22 * A Perl program is compiled into a tree of OPs. Each op contains
23 * structural pointers (eg to its siblings and the next op in the
24 * execution sequence), a pointer to the function that would execute the
25 * op, plus any data specific to that op. For example, an OP_CONST op
26 * points to the pp_const() function and to an SV containing the constant
27 * value. When pp_const() is executed, its job is to push that SV onto the
30 * OPs are mainly created by the newFOO() functions, which are mainly
31 * called from the parser (in perly.y) as the code is parsed. For example
32 * the Perl code $a + $b * $c would cause the equivalent of the following
33 * to be called (oversimplifying a bit):
35 * newBINOP(OP_ADD, flags,
37 * newBINOP(OP_MULTIPLY, flags, newSVREF($b), newSVREF($c))
40 * Note that during the build of miniperl, a temporary copy of this file
41 * is made, called opmini.c.
45 Perl's compiler is essentially a 3-pass compiler with interleaved phases:
49 An execution-order pass
51 The bottom-up pass is represented by all the "newOP" routines and
52 the ck_ routines. The bottom-upness is actually driven by yacc.
53 So at the point that a ck_ routine fires, we have no idea what the
54 context is, either upward in the syntax tree, or either forward or
55 backward in the execution order. (The bottom-up parser builds that
56 part of the execution order it knows about, but if you follow the "next"
57 links around, you'll find it's actually a closed loop through the
60 Whenever the bottom-up parser gets to a node that supplies context to
61 its components, it invokes that portion of the top-down pass that applies
62 to that part of the subtree (and marks the top node as processed, so
63 if a node further up supplies context, it doesn't have to take the
64 plunge again). As a particular subcase of this, as the new node is
65 built, it takes all the closed execution loops of its subcomponents
66 and links them into a new closed loop for the higher level node. But
67 it's still not the real execution order.
69 The actual execution order is not known till we get a grammar reduction
70 to a top-level unit like a subroutine or file that will be called by
71 "name" rather than via a "next" pointer. At that point, we can call
72 into peep() to do that code's portion of the 3rd pass. It has to be
73 recursive, but it's recursive on basic blocks, not on tree nodes.
76 /* To implement user lexical pragmas, there needs to be a way at run time to
77 get the compile time state of %^H for that block. Storing %^H in every
78 block (or even COP) would be very expensive, so a different approach is
79 taken. The (running) state of %^H is serialised into a tree of HE-like
80 structs. Stores into %^H are chained onto the current leaf as a struct
81 refcounted_he * with the key and the value. Deletes from %^H are saved
82 with a value of PL_sv_placeholder. The state of %^H at any point can be
83 turned back into a regular HV by walking back up the tree from that point's
84 leaf, ignoring any key you've already seen (placeholder or not), storing
85 the rest into the HV structure, then removing the placeholders. Hence
86 memory is only used to store the %^H deltas from the enclosing COP, rather
87 than the entire %^H on each COP.
89 To cause actions on %^H to write out the serialisation records, it has
90 magic type 'H'. This magic (itself) does nothing, but its presence causes
91 the values to gain magic type 'h', which has entries for set and clear.
92 C<Perl_magic_sethint> updates C<PL_compiling.cop_hints_hash> with a store
93 record, with deletes written by C<Perl_magic_clearhint>. C<SAVE_HINTS>
94 saves the current C<PL_compiling.cop_hints_hash> on the save stack, so that
95 it will be correctly restored when any inner compiling scope is exited.
101 #include "keywords.h"
103 #define CALL_PEEP(o) CALL_FPTR(PL_peepp)(aTHX_ o)
105 #if defined(PL_OP_SLAB_ALLOC)
107 #ifndef PERL_SLAB_SIZE
108 #define PERL_SLAB_SIZE 2048
112 Perl_Slab_Alloc(pTHX_ int m, size_t sz)
115 * To make incrementing use count easy PL_OpSlab is an I32 *
116 * To make inserting the link to slab PL_OpPtr is I32 **
117 * So compute size in units of sizeof(I32 *) as that is how Pl_OpPtr increments
118 * Add an overhead for pointer to slab and round up as a number of pointers
120 sz = (sz + 2*sizeof(I32 *) -1)/sizeof(I32 *);
121 if ((PL_OpSpace -= sz) < 0) {
122 PL_OpPtr = (I32 **) PerlMemShared_malloc(PERL_SLAB_SIZE*sizeof(I32*));
126 Zero(PL_OpPtr,PERL_SLAB_SIZE,I32 **);
127 /* We reserve the 0'th I32 sized chunk as a use count */
128 PL_OpSlab = (I32 *) PL_OpPtr;
129 /* Reduce size by the use count word, and by the size we need.
130 * Latter is to mimic the '-=' in the if() above
132 PL_OpSpace = PERL_SLAB_SIZE - (sizeof(I32)+sizeof(I32 **)-1)/sizeof(I32 **) - sz;
133 /* Allocation pointer starts at the top.
134 Theory: because we build leaves before trunk allocating at end
135 means that at run time access is cache friendly upward
137 PL_OpPtr += PERL_SLAB_SIZE;
139 assert( PL_OpSpace >= 0 );
140 /* Move the allocation pointer down */
142 assert( PL_OpPtr > (I32 **) PL_OpSlab );
143 *PL_OpPtr = PL_OpSlab; /* Note which slab it belongs to */
144 (*PL_OpSlab)++; /* Increment use count of slab */
145 assert( PL_OpPtr+sz <= ((I32 **) PL_OpSlab + PERL_SLAB_SIZE) );
146 assert( *PL_OpSlab > 0 );
147 return (void *)(PL_OpPtr + 1);
151 Perl_Slab_Free(pTHX_ void *op)
153 I32 * const * const ptr = (I32 **) op;
154 I32 * const slab = ptr[-1];
155 assert( ptr-1 > (I32 **) slab );
156 assert( ptr < ( (I32 **) slab + PERL_SLAB_SIZE) );
158 if (--(*slab) == 0) {
160 # define PerlMemShared PerlMem
163 PerlMemShared_free(slab);
164 if (slab == PL_OpSlab) {
171 * In the following definition, the ", (OP*)0" is just to make the compiler
172 * think the expression is of the right type: croak actually does a Siglongjmp.
174 #define CHECKOP(type,o) \
175 ((PL_op_mask && PL_op_mask[type]) \
176 ? ( op_free((OP*)o), \
177 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "'%s' trapped by operation mask", PL_op_desc[type]), \
179 : CALL_FPTR(PL_check[type])(aTHX_ (OP*)o))
181 #define RETURN_UNLIMITED_NUMBER (PERL_INT_MAX / 2)
184 S_gv_ename(pTHX_ GV *gv)
186 SV* const tmpsv = sv_newmortal();
187 gv_efullname3(tmpsv, gv, NULL);
188 return SvPV_nolen_const(tmpsv);
192 S_no_fh_allowed(pTHX_ OP *o)
194 yyerror(Perl_form(aTHX_ "Missing comma after first argument to %s function",
200 S_too_few_arguments(pTHX_ OP *o, const char *name)
202 yyerror(Perl_form(aTHX_ "Not enough arguments for %s", name));
207 S_too_many_arguments(pTHX_ OP *o, const char *name)
209 yyerror(Perl_form(aTHX_ "Too many arguments for %s", name));
214 S_bad_type(pTHX_ I32 n, const char *t, const char *name, const OP *kid)
216 yyerror(Perl_form(aTHX_ "Type of arg %d to %s must be %s (not %s)",
217 (int)n, name, t, OP_DESC(kid)));
221 S_no_bareword_allowed(pTHX_ const OP *o)
224 return; /* various ok barewords are hidden in extra OP_NULL */
225 qerror(Perl_mess(aTHX_
226 "Bareword \"%"SVf"\" not allowed while \"strict subs\" in use",
230 /* "register" allocation */
233 Perl_allocmy(pTHX_ const char *const name)
237 const bool is_our = (PL_in_my == KEY_our);
239 /* complain about "my $<special_var>" etc etc */
243 (USE_UTF8_IN_NAMES && UTF8_IS_START(name[1])) ||
244 (name[1] == '_' && (*name == '$' || name[2]))))
246 /* name[2] is true if strlen(name) > 2 */
247 if (!isPRINT(name[1]) || strchr("\t\n\r\f", name[1])) {
248 yyerror(Perl_form(aTHX_ "Can't use global %c^%c%s in \"my\"",
249 name[0], toCTRL(name[1]), name + 2));
251 yyerror(Perl_form(aTHX_ "Can't use global %s in \"my\"",name));
255 /* check for duplicate declaration */
256 pad_check_dup(name, is_our, (PL_curstash ? PL_curstash : PL_defstash));
258 if (PL_in_my_stash && *name != '$') {
259 yyerror(Perl_form(aTHX_
260 "Can't declare class for non-scalar %s in \"%s\"",
262 is_our ? "our" : PL_in_my == KEY_state ? "state" : "my"));
265 /* allocate a spare slot and store the name in that slot */
267 off = pad_add_name(name,
270 /* $_ is always in main::, even with our */
271 ? (PL_curstash && !strEQ(name,"$_") ? PL_curstash : PL_defstash)
275 PL_in_my == KEY_state
280 /* free the body of an op without examining its contents.
281 * Always use this rather than FreeOp directly */
284 S_op_destroy(pTHX_ OP *o)
286 if (o->op_latefree) {
297 Perl_op_free(pTHX_ OP *o)
302 if (!o || o->op_static)
304 if (o->op_latefreed) {
311 if (o->op_private & OPpREFCOUNTED) {
322 refcnt = OpREFCNT_dec(o);
333 if (o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) {
334 register OP *kid, *nextkid;
335 for (kid = cUNOPo->op_first; kid; kid = nextkid) {
336 nextkid = kid->op_sibling; /* Get before next freeing kid */
341 type = (OPCODE)o->op_targ;
343 /* COP* is not cleared by op_clear() so that we may track line
344 * numbers etc even after null() */
345 if (type == OP_NEXTSTATE || type == OP_SETSTATE || type == OP_DBSTATE)
349 if (o->op_latefree) {
355 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS
362 Perl_op_clear(pTHX_ OP *o)
367 /* if (o->op_madprop && o->op_madprop->mad_next)
369 /* FIXME for MAD - if I uncomment these two lines t/op/pack.t fails with
370 "modification of a read only value" for a reason I can't fathom why.
371 It's the "" stringification of $_, where $_ was set to '' in a foreach
372 loop, but it defies simplification into a small test case.
373 However, commenting them out has caused ext/List/Util/t/weak.t to fail
376 mad_free(o->op_madprop);
382 switch (o->op_type) {
383 case OP_NULL: /* Was holding old type, if any. */
384 if (PL_madskills && o->op_targ != OP_NULL) {
385 o->op_type = o->op_targ;
389 case OP_ENTEREVAL: /* Was holding hints. */
393 if (!(o->op_flags & OPf_REF)
394 || (PL_check[o->op_type] != MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_ck_ftst)))
400 if (! (o->op_type == OP_AELEMFAST && o->op_flags & OPf_SPECIAL)) {
401 /* not an OP_PADAV replacement */
403 if (cPADOPo->op_padix > 0) {
404 /* No GvIN_PAD_off(cGVOPo_gv) here, because other references
405 * may still exist on the pad */
406 pad_swipe(cPADOPo->op_padix, TRUE);
407 cPADOPo->op_padix = 0;
410 SvREFCNT_dec(cSVOPo->op_sv);
411 cSVOPo->op_sv = NULL;
415 case OP_METHOD_NAMED:
417 SvREFCNT_dec(cSVOPo->op_sv);
418 cSVOPo->op_sv = NULL;
421 Even if op_clear does a pad_free for the target of the op,
422 pad_free doesn't actually remove the sv that exists in the pad;
423 instead it lives on. This results in that it could be reused as
424 a target later on when the pad was reallocated.
427 pad_swipe(o->op_targ,1);
436 if (o->op_flags & (OPf_SPECIAL|OPf_STACKED|OPf_KIDS))
440 if (o->op_private & (OPpTRANS_FROM_UTF|OPpTRANS_TO_UTF)) {
442 if (cPADOPo->op_padix > 0) {
443 pad_swipe(cPADOPo->op_padix, TRUE);
444 cPADOPo->op_padix = 0;
447 SvREFCNT_dec(cSVOPo->op_sv);
448 cSVOPo->op_sv = NULL;
452 PerlMemShared_free(cPVOPo->op_pv);
453 cPVOPo->op_pv = NULL;
457 op_free(cPMOPo->op_pmreplroot);
461 if (INT2PTR(PADOFFSET, cPMOPo->op_pmreplroot)) {
462 /* No GvIN_PAD_off here, because other references may still
463 * exist on the pad */
464 pad_swipe(INT2PTR(PADOFFSET, cPMOPo->op_pmreplroot), TRUE);
467 SvREFCNT_dec((SV*)cPMOPo->op_pmreplroot);
474 HV * const pmstash = PmopSTASH(cPMOPo);
475 if (pmstash && !SvIS_FREED(pmstash)) {
476 MAGIC * const mg = mg_find((SV*)pmstash, PERL_MAGIC_symtab);
478 PMOP *pmop = (PMOP*) mg->mg_obj;
479 PMOP *lastpmop = NULL;
481 if (cPMOPo == pmop) {
483 lastpmop->op_pmnext = pmop->op_pmnext;
485 mg->mg_obj = (SV*) pmop->op_pmnext;
489 pmop = pmop->op_pmnext;
493 PmopSTASH_free(cPMOPo);
495 cPMOPo->op_pmreplroot = NULL;
496 /* we use the "SAFE" version of the PM_ macros here
497 * since sv_clean_all might release some PMOPs
498 * after PL_regex_padav has been cleared
499 * and the clearing of PL_regex_padav needs to
500 * happen before sv_clean_all
502 ReREFCNT_dec(PM_GETRE_SAFE(cPMOPo));
503 PM_SETRE_SAFE(cPMOPo, NULL);
505 if(PL_regex_pad) { /* We could be in destruction */
506 av_push((AV*) PL_regex_pad[0],(SV*) PL_regex_pad[(cPMOPo)->op_pmoffset]);
507 SvREPADTMP_on(PL_regex_pad[(cPMOPo)->op_pmoffset]);
508 PM_SETRE(cPMOPo, (cPMOPo)->op_pmoffset);
515 if (o->op_targ > 0) {
516 pad_free(o->op_targ);
522 S_cop_free(pTHX_ COP* cop)
527 if (! specialWARN(cop->cop_warnings))
528 PerlMemShared_free(cop->cop_warnings);
529 Perl_refcounted_he_free(aTHX_ cop->cop_hints_hash);
533 Perl_op_null(pTHX_ OP *o)
536 if (o->op_type == OP_NULL)
540 o->op_targ = o->op_type;
541 o->op_type = OP_NULL;
542 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_NULL];
546 Perl_op_refcnt_lock(pTHX)
554 Perl_op_refcnt_unlock(pTHX)
561 /* Contextualizers */
563 #define LINKLIST(o) ((o)->op_next ? (o)->op_next : linklist((OP*)o))
566 Perl_linklist(pTHX_ OP *o)
573 /* establish postfix order */
574 first = cUNOPo->op_first;
577 o->op_next = LINKLIST(first);
580 if (kid->op_sibling) {
581 kid->op_next = LINKLIST(kid->op_sibling);
582 kid = kid->op_sibling;
596 Perl_scalarkids(pTHX_ OP *o)
598 if (o && o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) {
600 for (kid = cLISTOPo->op_first; kid; kid = kid->op_sibling)
607 S_scalarboolean(pTHX_ OP *o)
610 if (o->op_type == OP_SASSIGN && cBINOPo->op_first->op_type == OP_CONST) {
611 if (ckWARN(WARN_SYNTAX)) {
612 const line_t oldline = CopLINE(PL_curcop);
614 if (PL_copline != NOLINE)
615 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, PL_copline);
616 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_SYNTAX), "Found = in conditional, should be ==");
617 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
624 Perl_scalar(pTHX_ OP *o)
629 /* assumes no premature commitment */
630 if (!o || PL_error_count || (o->op_flags & OPf_WANT)
631 || o->op_type == OP_RETURN)
636 o->op_flags = (o->op_flags & ~OPf_WANT) | OPf_WANT_SCALAR;
638 switch (o->op_type) {
640 scalar(cBINOPo->op_first);
645 for (kid = cUNOPo->op_first->op_sibling; kid; kid = kid->op_sibling)
649 if ((kid = cLISTOPo->op_first) && kid->op_type == OP_PUSHRE) {
650 if (!kPMOP->op_pmreplroot)
651 deprecate_old("implicit split to @_");
659 if (o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) {
660 for (kid = cUNOPo->op_first; kid; kid = kid->op_sibling)
666 kid = cLISTOPo->op_first;
668 while ((kid = kid->op_sibling)) {
674 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
679 for (kid = cLISTOPo->op_first; kid; kid = kid->op_sibling) {
685 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
688 if (ckWARN(WARN_VOID))
689 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_VOID), "Useless use of sort in scalar context");
695 Perl_scalarvoid(pTHX_ OP *o)
699 const char* useless = NULL;
703 /* trailing mad null ops don't count as "there" for void processing */
705 o->op_type != OP_NULL &&
707 o->op_sibling->op_type == OP_NULL)
710 for (sib = o->op_sibling;
711 sib && sib->op_type == OP_NULL;
712 sib = sib->op_sibling) ;
718 if (o->op_type == OP_NEXTSTATE
719 || o->op_type == OP_SETSTATE
720 || o->op_type == OP_DBSTATE
721 || (o->op_type == OP_NULL && (o->op_targ == OP_NEXTSTATE
722 || o->op_targ == OP_SETSTATE
723 || o->op_targ == OP_DBSTATE)))
724 PL_curcop = (COP*)o; /* for warning below */
726 /* assumes no premature commitment */
727 want = o->op_flags & OPf_WANT;
728 if ((want && want != OPf_WANT_SCALAR) || PL_error_count
729 || o->op_type == OP_RETURN)
734 if ((o->op_private & OPpTARGET_MY)
735 && (PL_opargs[o->op_type] & OA_TARGLEX))/* OPp share the meaning */
737 return scalar(o); /* As if inside SASSIGN */
740 o->op_flags = (o->op_flags & ~OPf_WANT) | OPf_WANT_VOID;
742 switch (o->op_type) {
744 if (!(PL_opargs[o->op_type] & OA_FOLDCONST))
748 if (o->op_flags & OPf_STACKED)
752 if (o->op_private == 4)
824 if (!(o->op_private & (OPpLVAL_INTRO|OPpOUR_INTRO)))
825 useless = OP_DESC(o);
829 kid = cUNOPo->op_first;
830 if (kid->op_type != OP_MATCH && kid->op_type != OP_SUBST &&
831 kid->op_type != OP_TRANS) {
834 useless = "negative pattern binding (!~)";
841 if (!(o->op_private & (OPpLVAL_INTRO|OPpOUR_INTRO)) &&
842 (!o->op_sibling || o->op_sibling->op_type != OP_READLINE))
843 useless = "a variable";
848 if (cSVOPo->op_private & OPpCONST_STRICT)
849 no_bareword_allowed(o);
851 if (ckWARN(WARN_VOID)) {
852 useless = "a constant";
853 if (o->op_private & OPpCONST_ARYBASE)
855 /* don't warn on optimised away booleans, eg
856 * use constant Foo, 5; Foo || print; */
857 if (cSVOPo->op_private & OPpCONST_SHORTCIRCUIT)
859 /* the constants 0 and 1 are permitted as they are
860 conventionally used as dummies in constructs like
861 1 while some_condition_with_side_effects; */
862 else if (SvNIOK(sv) && (SvNV(sv) == 0.0 || SvNV(sv) == 1.0))
864 else if (SvPOK(sv)) {
865 /* perl4's way of mixing documentation and code
866 (before the invention of POD) was based on a
867 trick to mix nroff and perl code. The trick was
868 built upon these three nroff macros being used in
869 void context. The pink camel has the details in
870 the script wrapman near page 319. */
871 const char * const maybe_macro = SvPVX_const(sv);
872 if (strnEQ(maybe_macro, "di", 2) ||
873 strnEQ(maybe_macro, "ds", 2) ||
874 strnEQ(maybe_macro, "ig", 2))
879 op_null(o); /* don't execute or even remember it */
883 o->op_type = OP_PREINC; /* pre-increment is faster */
884 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_PREINC];
888 o->op_type = OP_PREDEC; /* pre-decrement is faster */
889 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_PREDEC];
893 o->op_type = OP_I_PREINC; /* pre-increment is faster */
894 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_I_PREINC];
898 o->op_type = OP_I_PREDEC; /* pre-decrement is faster */
899 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_I_PREDEC];
908 for (kid = cUNOPo->op_first->op_sibling; kid; kid = kid->op_sibling)
913 if (o->op_flags & OPf_STACKED)
920 if (!(o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS))
931 for (kid = cLISTOPo->op_first; kid; kid = kid->op_sibling)
938 /* all requires must return a boolean value */
939 o->op_flags &= ~OPf_WANT;
944 if ((kid = cLISTOPo->op_first) && kid->op_type == OP_PUSHRE) {
945 if (!kPMOP->op_pmreplroot)
946 deprecate_old("implicit split to @_");
950 if (useless && ckWARN(WARN_VOID))
951 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_VOID), "Useless use of %s in void context", useless);
956 Perl_listkids(pTHX_ OP *o)
958 if (o && o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) {
960 for (kid = cLISTOPo->op_first; kid; kid = kid->op_sibling)
967 Perl_list(pTHX_ OP *o)
972 /* assumes no premature commitment */
973 if (!o || (o->op_flags & OPf_WANT) || PL_error_count
974 || o->op_type == OP_RETURN)
979 if ((o->op_private & OPpTARGET_MY)
980 && (PL_opargs[o->op_type] & OA_TARGLEX))/* OPp share the meaning */
982 return o; /* As if inside SASSIGN */
985 o->op_flags = (o->op_flags & ~OPf_WANT) | OPf_WANT_LIST;
987 switch (o->op_type) {
990 list(cBINOPo->op_first);
995 for (kid = cUNOPo->op_first->op_sibling; kid; kid = kid->op_sibling)
1003 if (!(o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS))
1005 if (!o->op_next && cUNOPo->op_first->op_type == OP_FLOP) {
1006 list(cBINOPo->op_first);
1007 return gen_constant_list(o);
1014 kid = cLISTOPo->op_first;
1016 while ((kid = kid->op_sibling)) {
1017 if (kid->op_sibling)
1022 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
1026 for (kid = cLISTOPo->op_first; kid; kid = kid->op_sibling) {
1027 if (kid->op_sibling)
1032 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
1035 /* all requires must return a boolean value */
1036 o->op_flags &= ~OPf_WANT;
1043 Perl_scalarseq(pTHX_ OP *o)
1047 const OPCODE type = o->op_type;
1049 if (type == OP_LINESEQ || type == OP_SCOPE ||
1050 type == OP_LEAVE || type == OP_LEAVETRY)
1053 for (kid = cLISTOPo->op_first; kid; kid = kid->op_sibling) {
1054 if (kid->op_sibling) {
1058 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
1060 o->op_flags &= ~OPf_PARENS;
1061 if (PL_hints & HINT_BLOCK_SCOPE)
1062 o->op_flags |= OPf_PARENS;
1065 o = newOP(OP_STUB, 0);
1070 S_modkids(pTHX_ OP *o, I32 type)
1072 if (o && o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) {
1074 for (kid = cLISTOPo->op_first; kid; kid = kid->op_sibling)
1080 /* Propagate lvalue ("modifiable") context to an op and its children.
1081 * 'type' represents the context type, roughly based on the type of op that
1082 * would do the modifying, although local() is represented by OP_NULL.
1083 * It's responsible for detecting things that can't be modified, flag
1084 * things that need to behave specially in an lvalue context (e.g., "$$x = 5"
1085 * might have to vivify a reference in $x), and so on.
1087 * For example, "$a+1 = 2" would cause mod() to be called with o being
1088 * OP_ADD and type being OP_SASSIGN, and would output an error.
1092 Perl_mod(pTHX_ OP *o, I32 type)
1096 /* -1 = error on localize, 0 = ignore localize, 1 = ok to localize */
1099 if (!o || PL_error_count)
1102 if ((o->op_private & OPpTARGET_MY)
1103 && (PL_opargs[o->op_type] & OA_TARGLEX))/* OPp share the meaning */
1108 switch (o->op_type) {
1114 if (!(o->op_private & OPpCONST_ARYBASE))
1117 if (PL_eval_start && PL_eval_start->op_type == OP_CONST) {
1118 CopARYBASE_set(&PL_compiling,
1119 (I32)SvIV(cSVOPx(PL_eval_start)->op_sv));
1123 SAVECOPARYBASE(&PL_compiling);
1124 CopARYBASE_set(&PL_compiling, 0);
1126 else if (type == OP_REFGEN)
1129 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "That use of $[ is unsupported");
1132 if (o->op_flags & OPf_PARENS || PL_madskills)
1136 if ((type == OP_UNDEF || type == OP_REFGEN) &&
1137 !(o->op_flags & OPf_STACKED)) {
1138 o->op_type = OP_RV2CV; /* entersub => rv2cv */
1139 /* The default is to set op_private to the number of children,
1140 which for a UNOP such as RV2CV is always 1. And w're using
1141 the bit for a flag in RV2CV, so we need it clear. */
1142 o->op_private &= ~1;
1143 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_RV2CV];
1144 assert(cUNOPo->op_first->op_type == OP_NULL);
1145 op_null(((LISTOP*)cUNOPo->op_first)->op_first);/* disable pushmark */
1148 else if (o->op_private & OPpENTERSUB_NOMOD)
1150 else { /* lvalue subroutine call */
1151 o->op_private |= OPpLVAL_INTRO;
1152 PL_modcount = RETURN_UNLIMITED_NUMBER;
1153 if (type == OP_GREPSTART || type == OP_ENTERSUB || type == OP_REFGEN) {
1154 /* Backward compatibility mode: */
1155 o->op_private |= OPpENTERSUB_INARGS;
1158 else { /* Compile-time error message: */
1159 OP *kid = cUNOPo->op_first;
1163 if (kid->op_type != OP_PUSHMARK) {
1164 if (kid->op_type != OP_NULL || kid->op_targ != OP_LIST)
1166 "panic: unexpected lvalue entersub "
1167 "args: type/targ %ld:%"UVuf,
1168 (long)kid->op_type, (UV)kid->op_targ);
1169 kid = kLISTOP->op_first;
1171 while (kid->op_sibling)
1172 kid = kid->op_sibling;
1173 if (!(kid->op_type == OP_NULL && kid->op_targ == OP_RV2CV)) {
1175 if (kid->op_type == OP_METHOD_NAMED
1176 || kid->op_type == OP_METHOD)
1180 NewOp(1101, newop, 1, UNOP);
1181 newop->op_type = OP_RV2CV;
1182 newop->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_RV2CV];
1183 newop->op_first = NULL;
1184 newop->op_next = (OP*)newop;
1185 kid->op_sibling = (OP*)newop;
1186 newop->op_private |= OPpLVAL_INTRO;
1187 newop->op_private &= ~1;
1191 if (kid->op_type != OP_RV2CV)
1193 "panic: unexpected lvalue entersub "
1194 "entry via type/targ %ld:%"UVuf,
1195 (long)kid->op_type, (UV)kid->op_targ);
1196 kid->op_private |= OPpLVAL_INTRO;
1197 break; /* Postpone until runtime */
1201 kid = kUNOP->op_first;
1202 if (kid->op_type == OP_NULL && kid->op_targ == OP_RV2SV)
1203 kid = kUNOP->op_first;
1204 if (kid->op_type == OP_NULL)
1206 "Unexpected constant lvalue entersub "
1207 "entry via type/targ %ld:%"UVuf,
1208 (long)kid->op_type, (UV)kid->op_targ);
1209 if (kid->op_type != OP_GV) {
1210 /* Restore RV2CV to check lvalueness */
1212 if (kid->op_next && kid->op_next != kid) { /* Happens? */
1213 okid->op_next = kid->op_next;
1214 kid->op_next = okid;
1217 okid->op_next = NULL;
1218 okid->op_type = OP_RV2CV;
1220 okid->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_RV2CV];
1221 okid->op_private |= OPpLVAL_INTRO;
1222 okid->op_private &= ~1;
1226 cv = GvCV(kGVOP_gv);
1236 /* grep, foreach, subcalls, refgen */
1237 if (type == OP_GREPSTART || type == OP_ENTERSUB || type == OP_REFGEN)
1239 yyerror(Perl_form(aTHX_ "Can't modify %s in %s",
1240 (o->op_type == OP_NULL && (o->op_flags & OPf_SPECIAL)
1242 : (o->op_type == OP_ENTERSUB
1243 ? "non-lvalue subroutine call"
1245 type ? PL_op_desc[type] : "local"));
1259 case OP_RIGHT_SHIFT:
1268 if (!(o->op_flags & OPf_STACKED))
1275 for (kid = cUNOPo->op_first->op_sibling; kid; kid = kid->op_sibling)
1281 if (type == OP_REFGEN && o->op_flags & OPf_PARENS) {
1282 PL_modcount = RETURN_UNLIMITED_NUMBER;
1283 return o; /* Treat \(@foo) like ordinary list. */
1287 if (scalar_mod_type(o, type))
1289 ref(cUNOPo->op_first, o->op_type);
1293 if (type == OP_LEAVESUBLV)
1294 o->op_private |= OPpMAYBE_LVSUB;
1300 PL_modcount = RETURN_UNLIMITED_NUMBER;
1303 ref(cUNOPo->op_first, o->op_type);
1308 PL_hints |= HINT_BLOCK_SCOPE;
1323 PL_modcount = RETURN_UNLIMITED_NUMBER;
1324 if (type == OP_REFGEN && o->op_flags & OPf_PARENS)
1325 return o; /* Treat \(@foo) like ordinary list. */
1326 if (scalar_mod_type(o, type))
1328 if (type == OP_LEAVESUBLV)
1329 o->op_private |= OPpMAYBE_LVSUB;
1333 if (!type) /* local() */
1334 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't localize lexical variable %s",
1335 PAD_COMPNAME_PV(o->op_targ));
1343 if (type != OP_SASSIGN)
1347 if (o->op_private == 4) /* don't allow 4 arg substr as lvalue */
1352 if (type == OP_LEAVESUBLV)
1353 o->op_private |= OPpMAYBE_LVSUB;
1355 pad_free(o->op_targ);
1356 o->op_targ = pad_alloc(o->op_type, SVs_PADMY);
1357 assert(SvTYPE(PAD_SV(o->op_targ)) == SVt_NULL);
1358 if (o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS)
1359 mod(cBINOPo->op_first->op_sibling, type);
1364 ref(cBINOPo->op_first, o->op_type);
1365 if (type == OP_ENTERSUB &&
1366 !(o->op_private & (OPpLVAL_INTRO | OPpDEREF)))
1367 o->op_private |= OPpLVAL_DEFER;
1368 if (type == OP_LEAVESUBLV)
1369 o->op_private |= OPpMAYBE_LVSUB;
1379 if (o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS)
1380 mod(cLISTOPo->op_last, type);
1385 if (o->op_flags & OPf_SPECIAL) /* do BLOCK */
1387 else if (!(o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS))
1389 if (o->op_targ != OP_LIST) {
1390 mod(cBINOPo->op_first, type);
1396 for (kid = cLISTOPo->op_first; kid; kid = kid->op_sibling)
1401 if (type != OP_LEAVESUBLV)
1403 break; /* mod()ing was handled by ck_return() */
1406 /* [20011101.069] File test operators interpret OPf_REF to mean that
1407 their argument is a filehandle; thus \stat(".") should not set
1409 if (type == OP_REFGEN &&
1410 PL_check[o->op_type] == MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_ck_ftst))
1413 if (type != OP_LEAVESUBLV)
1414 o->op_flags |= OPf_MOD;
1416 if (type == OP_AASSIGN || type == OP_SASSIGN)
1417 o->op_flags |= OPf_SPECIAL|OPf_REF;
1418 else if (!type) { /* local() */
1421 o->op_private |= OPpLVAL_INTRO;
1422 o->op_flags &= ~OPf_SPECIAL;
1423 PL_hints |= HINT_BLOCK_SCOPE;
1428 if (ckWARN(WARN_SYNTAX)) {
1429 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_SYNTAX),
1430 "Useless localization of %s", OP_DESC(o));
1434 else if (type != OP_GREPSTART && type != OP_ENTERSUB
1435 && type != OP_LEAVESUBLV)
1436 o->op_flags |= OPf_REF;
1441 S_scalar_mod_type(const OP *o, I32 type)
1445 if (o->op_type == OP_RV2GV)
1469 case OP_RIGHT_SHIFT:
1488 S_is_handle_constructor(const OP *o, I32 numargs)
1490 switch (o->op_type) {
1498 case OP_SELECT: /* XXX c.f. SelectSaver.pm */
1511 Perl_refkids(pTHX_ OP *o, I32 type)
1513 if (o && o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) {
1515 for (kid = cLISTOPo->op_first; kid; kid = kid->op_sibling)
1522 Perl_doref(pTHX_ OP *o, I32 type, bool set_op_ref)
1527 if (!o || PL_error_count)
1530 switch (o->op_type) {
1532 if ((type == OP_EXISTS || type == OP_DEFINED || type == OP_LOCK) &&
1533 !(o->op_flags & OPf_STACKED)) {
1534 o->op_type = OP_RV2CV; /* entersub => rv2cv */
1535 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_RV2CV];
1536 assert(cUNOPo->op_first->op_type == OP_NULL);
1537 op_null(((LISTOP*)cUNOPo->op_first)->op_first); /* disable pushmark */
1538 o->op_flags |= OPf_SPECIAL;
1539 o->op_private &= ~1;
1544 for (kid = cUNOPo->op_first->op_sibling; kid; kid = kid->op_sibling)
1545 doref(kid, type, set_op_ref);
1548 if (type == OP_DEFINED)
1549 o->op_flags |= OPf_SPECIAL; /* don't create GV */
1550 doref(cUNOPo->op_first, o->op_type, set_op_ref);
1553 if (type == OP_RV2SV || type == OP_RV2AV || type == OP_RV2HV) {
1554 o->op_private |= (type == OP_RV2AV ? OPpDEREF_AV
1555 : type == OP_RV2HV ? OPpDEREF_HV
1557 o->op_flags |= OPf_MOD;
1564 o->op_flags |= OPf_REF;
1567 if (type == OP_DEFINED)
1568 o->op_flags |= OPf_SPECIAL; /* don't create GV */
1569 doref(cUNOPo->op_first, o->op_type, set_op_ref);
1575 o->op_flags |= OPf_REF;
1580 if (!(o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS))
1582 doref(cBINOPo->op_first, type, set_op_ref);
1586 doref(cBINOPo->op_first, o->op_type, set_op_ref);
1587 if (type == OP_RV2SV || type == OP_RV2AV || type == OP_RV2HV) {
1588 o->op_private |= (type == OP_RV2AV ? OPpDEREF_AV
1589 : type == OP_RV2HV ? OPpDEREF_HV
1591 o->op_flags |= OPf_MOD;
1601 if (!(o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS))
1603 doref(cLISTOPo->op_last, type, set_op_ref);
1613 S_dup_attrlist(pTHX_ OP *o)
1618 /* An attrlist is either a simple OP_CONST or an OP_LIST with kids,
1619 * where the first kid is OP_PUSHMARK and the remaining ones
1620 * are OP_CONST. We need to push the OP_CONST values.
1622 if (o->op_type == OP_CONST)
1623 rop = newSVOP(OP_CONST, o->op_flags, SvREFCNT_inc_NN(cSVOPo->op_sv));
1625 else if (o->op_type == OP_NULL)
1629 assert((o->op_type == OP_LIST) && (o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS));
1631 for (o = cLISTOPo->op_first; o; o=o->op_sibling) {
1632 if (o->op_type == OP_CONST)
1633 rop = append_elem(OP_LIST, rop,
1634 newSVOP(OP_CONST, o->op_flags,
1635 SvREFCNT_inc_NN(cSVOPo->op_sv)));
1642 S_apply_attrs(pTHX_ HV *stash, SV *target, OP *attrs, bool for_my)
1647 /* fake up C<use attributes $pkg,$rv,@attrs> */
1648 ENTER; /* need to protect against side-effects of 'use' */
1650 stashsv = stash ? newSVhek(HvNAME_HEK(stash)) : &PL_sv_no;
1652 #define ATTRSMODULE "attributes"
1653 #define ATTRSMODULE_PM "attributes.pm"
1656 /* Don't force the C<use> if we don't need it. */
1657 SV * const * const svp = hv_fetchs(GvHVn(PL_incgv), ATTRSMODULE_PM, FALSE);
1658 if (svp && *svp != &PL_sv_undef)
1659 NOOP; /* already in %INC */
1661 Perl_load_module(aTHX_ PERL_LOADMOD_NOIMPORT,
1662 newSVpvs(ATTRSMODULE), NULL);
1665 Perl_load_module(aTHX_ PERL_LOADMOD_IMPORT_OPS,
1666 newSVpvs(ATTRSMODULE),
1668 prepend_elem(OP_LIST,
1669 newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, stashsv),
1670 prepend_elem(OP_LIST,
1671 newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0,
1673 dup_attrlist(attrs))));
1679 S_apply_attrs_my(pTHX_ HV *stash, OP *target, OP *attrs, OP **imopsp)
1682 OP *pack, *imop, *arg;
1688 assert(target->op_type == OP_PADSV ||
1689 target->op_type == OP_PADHV ||
1690 target->op_type == OP_PADAV);
1692 /* Ensure that attributes.pm is loaded. */
1693 apply_attrs(stash, PAD_SV(target->op_targ), attrs, TRUE);
1695 /* Need package name for method call. */
1696 pack = newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, newSVpvs(ATTRSMODULE));
1698 /* Build up the real arg-list. */
1699 stashsv = stash ? newSVhek(HvNAME_HEK(stash)) : &PL_sv_no;
1701 arg = newOP(OP_PADSV, 0);
1702 arg->op_targ = target->op_targ;
1703 arg = prepend_elem(OP_LIST,
1704 newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, stashsv),
1705 prepend_elem(OP_LIST,
1706 newUNOP(OP_REFGEN, 0,
1707 mod(arg, OP_REFGEN)),
1708 dup_attrlist(attrs)));
1710 /* Fake up a method call to import */
1711 meth = newSVpvs_share("import");
1712 imop = convert(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_STACKED|OPf_SPECIAL|OPf_WANT_VOID,
1713 append_elem(OP_LIST,
1714 prepend_elem(OP_LIST, pack, list(arg)),
1715 newSVOP(OP_METHOD_NAMED, 0, meth)));
1716 imop->op_private |= OPpENTERSUB_NOMOD;
1718 /* Combine the ops. */
1719 *imopsp = append_elem(OP_LIST, *imopsp, imop);
1723 =notfor apidoc apply_attrs_string
1725 Attempts to apply a list of attributes specified by the C<attrstr> and
1726 C<len> arguments to the subroutine identified by the C<cv> argument which
1727 is expected to be associated with the package identified by the C<stashpv>
1728 argument (see L<attributes>). It gets this wrong, though, in that it
1729 does not correctly identify the boundaries of the individual attribute
1730 specifications within C<attrstr>. This is not really intended for the
1731 public API, but has to be listed here for systems such as AIX which
1732 need an explicit export list for symbols. (It's called from XS code
1733 in support of the C<ATTRS:> keyword from F<xsubpp>.) Patches to fix it
1734 to respect attribute syntax properly would be welcome.
1740 Perl_apply_attrs_string(pTHX_ const char *stashpv, CV *cv,
1741 const char *attrstr, STRLEN len)
1746 len = strlen(attrstr);
1750 for (; isSPACE(*attrstr) && len; --len, ++attrstr) ;
1752 const char * const sstr = attrstr;
1753 for (; !isSPACE(*attrstr) && len; --len, ++attrstr) ;
1754 attrs = append_elem(OP_LIST, attrs,
1755 newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0,
1756 newSVpvn(sstr, attrstr-sstr)));
1760 Perl_load_module(aTHX_ PERL_LOADMOD_IMPORT_OPS,
1761 newSVpvs(ATTRSMODULE),
1762 NULL, prepend_elem(OP_LIST,
1763 newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, newSVpv(stashpv,0)),
1764 prepend_elem(OP_LIST,
1765 newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0,
1771 S_my_kid(pTHX_ OP *o, OP *attrs, OP **imopsp)
1776 if (!o || PL_error_count)
1780 if (PL_madskills && type == OP_NULL && o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) {
1781 (void)my_kid(cUNOPo->op_first, attrs, imopsp);
1785 if (type == OP_LIST) {
1787 for (kid = cLISTOPo->op_first; kid; kid = kid->op_sibling)
1788 my_kid(kid, attrs, imopsp);
1789 } else if (type == OP_UNDEF
1795 } else if (type == OP_RV2SV || /* "our" declaration */
1797 type == OP_RV2HV) { /* XXX does this let anything illegal in? */
1798 if (cUNOPo->op_first->op_type != OP_GV) { /* MJD 20011224 */
1799 yyerror(Perl_form(aTHX_ "Can't declare %s in \"%s\"",
1801 PL_in_my == KEY_our ? "our" : PL_in_my == KEY_state ? "state" : "my"));
1803 GV * const gv = cGVOPx_gv(cUNOPo->op_first);
1805 PL_in_my_stash = NULL;
1806 apply_attrs(GvSTASH(gv),
1807 (type == OP_RV2SV ? GvSV(gv) :
1808 type == OP_RV2AV ? (SV*)GvAV(gv) :
1809 type == OP_RV2HV ? (SV*)GvHV(gv) : (SV*)gv),
1812 o->op_private |= OPpOUR_INTRO;
1815 else if (type != OP_PADSV &&
1818 type != OP_PUSHMARK)
1820 yyerror(Perl_form(aTHX_ "Can't declare %s in \"%s\"",
1822 PL_in_my == KEY_our ? "our" : PL_in_my == KEY_state ? "state" : "my"));
1825 else if (attrs && type != OP_PUSHMARK) {
1829 PL_in_my_stash = NULL;
1831 /* check for C<my Dog $spot> when deciding package */
1832 stash = PAD_COMPNAME_TYPE(o->op_targ);
1834 stash = PL_curstash;
1835 apply_attrs_my(stash, o, attrs, imopsp);
1837 o->op_flags |= OPf_MOD;
1838 o->op_private |= OPpLVAL_INTRO;
1839 if (PL_in_my == KEY_state)
1840 o->op_private |= OPpPAD_STATE;
1845 Perl_my_attrs(pTHX_ OP *o, OP *attrs)
1849 int maybe_scalar = 0;
1851 /* [perl #17376]: this appears to be premature, and results in code such as
1852 C< our(%x); > executing in list mode rather than void mode */
1854 if (o->op_flags & OPf_PARENS)
1864 o = my_kid(o, attrs, &rops);
1866 if (maybe_scalar && o->op_type == OP_PADSV) {
1867 o = scalar(append_list(OP_LIST, (LISTOP*)rops, (LISTOP*)o));
1868 o->op_private |= OPpLVAL_INTRO;
1871 o = append_list(OP_LIST, (LISTOP*)o, (LISTOP*)rops);
1874 PL_in_my_stash = NULL;
1879 Perl_my(pTHX_ OP *o)
1881 return my_attrs(o, NULL);
1885 Perl_sawparens(pTHX_ OP *o)
1887 PERL_UNUSED_CONTEXT;
1889 o->op_flags |= OPf_PARENS;
1894 Perl_bind_match(pTHX_ I32 type, OP *left, OP *right)
1898 const OPCODE ltype = left->op_type;
1899 const OPCODE rtype = right->op_type;
1901 if ( (ltype == OP_RV2AV || ltype == OP_RV2HV || ltype == OP_PADAV
1902 || ltype == OP_PADHV) && ckWARN(WARN_MISC))
1904 const char * const desc
1905 = PL_op_desc[(rtype == OP_SUBST || rtype == OP_TRANS)
1906 ? (int)rtype : OP_MATCH];
1907 const char * const sample = ((ltype == OP_RV2AV || ltype == OP_PADAV)
1908 ? "@array" : "%hash");
1909 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_MISC),
1910 "Applying %s to %s will act on scalar(%s)",
1911 desc, sample, sample);
1914 if (rtype == OP_CONST &&
1915 cSVOPx(right)->op_private & OPpCONST_BARE &&
1916 cSVOPx(right)->op_private & OPpCONST_STRICT)
1918 no_bareword_allowed(right);
1921 ismatchop = rtype == OP_MATCH ||
1922 rtype == OP_SUBST ||
1924 if (ismatchop && right->op_private & OPpTARGET_MY) {
1926 right->op_private &= ~OPpTARGET_MY;
1928 if (!(right->op_flags & OPf_STACKED) && ismatchop) {
1931 right->op_flags |= OPf_STACKED;
1932 if (rtype != OP_MATCH &&
1933 ! (rtype == OP_TRANS &&
1934 right->op_private & OPpTRANS_IDENTICAL))
1935 newleft = mod(left, rtype);
1938 if (right->op_type == OP_TRANS)
1939 o = newBINOP(OP_NULL, OPf_STACKED, scalar(newleft), right);
1941 o = prepend_elem(rtype, scalar(newleft), right);
1943 return newUNOP(OP_NOT, 0, scalar(o));
1947 return bind_match(type, left,
1948 pmruntime(newPMOP(OP_MATCH, 0), right, 0));
1952 Perl_invert(pTHX_ OP *o)
1956 return newUNOP(OP_NOT, OPf_SPECIAL, scalar(o));
1960 Perl_scope(pTHX_ OP *o)
1964 if (o->op_flags & OPf_PARENS || PERLDB_NOOPT || PL_tainting) {
1965 o = prepend_elem(OP_LINESEQ, newOP(OP_ENTER, 0), o);
1966 o->op_type = OP_LEAVE;
1967 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_LEAVE];
1969 else if (o->op_type == OP_LINESEQ) {
1971 o->op_type = OP_SCOPE;
1972 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_SCOPE];
1973 kid = ((LISTOP*)o)->op_first;
1974 if (kid->op_type == OP_NEXTSTATE || kid->op_type == OP_DBSTATE) {
1977 /* The following deals with things like 'do {1 for 1}' */
1978 kid = kid->op_sibling;
1980 (kid->op_type == OP_NEXTSTATE || kid->op_type == OP_DBSTATE))
1985 o = newLISTOP(OP_SCOPE, 0, o, NULL);
1991 Perl_block_start(pTHX_ int full)
1994 const int retval = PL_savestack_ix;
1995 pad_block_start(full);
1997 PL_hints &= ~HINT_BLOCK_SCOPE;
1998 SAVECOMPILEWARNINGS();
1999 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = DUP_WARNINGS(PL_compiling.cop_warnings);
2004 Perl_block_end(pTHX_ I32 floor, OP *seq)
2007 const int needblockscope = PL_hints & HINT_BLOCK_SCOPE;
2008 OP* const retval = scalarseq(seq);
2010 CopHINTS_set(&PL_compiling, PL_hints);
2012 PL_hints |= HINT_BLOCK_SCOPE; /* propagate out */
2021 const PADOFFSET offset = pad_findmy("$_");
2022 if (offset == NOT_IN_PAD || PAD_COMPNAME_FLAGS_isOUR(offset)) {
2023 return newSVREF(newGVOP(OP_GV, 0, PL_defgv));
2026 OP * const o = newOP(OP_PADSV, 0);
2027 o->op_targ = offset;
2033 Perl_newPROG(pTHX_ OP *o)
2039 PL_eval_root = newUNOP(OP_LEAVEEVAL,
2040 ((PL_in_eval & EVAL_KEEPERR)
2041 ? OPf_SPECIAL : 0), o);
2042 PL_eval_start = linklist(PL_eval_root);
2043 PL_eval_root->op_private |= OPpREFCOUNTED;
2044 OpREFCNT_set(PL_eval_root, 1);
2045 PL_eval_root->op_next = 0;
2046 CALL_PEEP(PL_eval_start);
2049 if (o->op_type == OP_STUB) {
2050 PL_comppad_name = 0;
2052 S_op_destroy(aTHX_ o);
2055 PL_main_root = scope(sawparens(scalarvoid(o)));
2056 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
2057 PL_main_start = LINKLIST(PL_main_root);
2058 PL_main_root->op_private |= OPpREFCOUNTED;
2059 OpREFCNT_set(PL_main_root, 1);
2060 PL_main_root->op_next = 0;
2061 CALL_PEEP(PL_main_start);
2064 /* Register with debugger */
2067 = Perl_get_cvn_flags(aTHX_ STR_WITH_LEN("DB::postponed"), 0);
2071 XPUSHs((SV*)CopFILEGV(&PL_compiling));
2073 call_sv((SV*)cv, G_DISCARD);
2080 Perl_localize(pTHX_ OP *o, I32 lex)
2083 if (o->op_flags & OPf_PARENS)
2084 /* [perl #17376]: this appears to be premature, and results in code such as
2085 C< our(%x); > executing in list mode rather than void mode */
2092 if ( PL_bufptr > PL_oldbufptr && PL_bufptr[-1] == ','
2093 && ckWARN(WARN_PARENTHESIS))
2095 char *s = PL_bufptr;
2098 /* some heuristics to detect a potential error */
2099 while (*s && (strchr(", \t\n", *s)))
2103 if (*s && strchr("@$%*", *s) && *++s
2104 && (isALNUM(*s) || UTF8_IS_CONTINUED(*s))) {
2107 while (*s && (isALNUM(*s) || UTF8_IS_CONTINUED(*s)))
2109 while (*s && (strchr(", \t\n", *s)))
2115 if (sigil && (*s == ';' || *s == '=')) {
2116 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_PARENTHESIS),
2117 "Parentheses missing around \"%s\" list",
2118 lex ? (PL_in_my == KEY_our ? "our" : PL_in_my == KEY_state ? "state" : "my")
2126 o = mod(o, OP_NULL); /* a bit kludgey */
2128 PL_in_my_stash = NULL;
2133 Perl_jmaybe(pTHX_ OP *o)
2135 if (o->op_type == OP_LIST) {
2137 = newSVREF(newGVOP(OP_GV, 0, gv_fetchpvs(";", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PV)));
2138 o = convert(OP_JOIN, 0, prepend_elem(OP_LIST, o2, o));
2144 Perl_fold_constants(pTHX_ register OP *o)
2149 VOL I32 type = o->op_type;
2154 SV * const oldwarnhook = PL_warnhook;
2155 SV * const olddiehook = PL_diehook;
2158 if (PL_opargs[type] & OA_RETSCALAR)
2160 if (PL_opargs[type] & OA_TARGET && !o->op_targ)
2161 o->op_targ = pad_alloc(type, SVs_PADTMP);
2163 /* integerize op, unless it happens to be C<-foo>.
2164 * XXX should pp_i_negate() do magic string negation instead? */
2165 if ((PL_opargs[type] & OA_OTHERINT) && (PL_hints & HINT_INTEGER)
2166 && !(type == OP_NEGATE && cUNOPo->op_first->op_type == OP_CONST
2167 && (cUNOPo->op_first->op_private & OPpCONST_BARE)))
2169 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[type = ++(o->op_type)];
2172 if (!(PL_opargs[type] & OA_FOLDCONST))
2177 /* XXX might want a ck_negate() for this */
2178 cUNOPo->op_first->op_private &= ~OPpCONST_STRICT;
2189 /* XXX what about the numeric ops? */
2190 if (PL_hints & HINT_LOCALE)
2195 goto nope; /* Don't try to run w/ errors */
2197 for (curop = LINKLIST(o); curop != o; curop = LINKLIST(curop)) {
2198 const OPCODE type = curop->op_type;
2199 if ((type != OP_CONST || (curop->op_private & OPpCONST_BARE)) &&
2201 type != OP_SCALAR &&
2203 type != OP_PUSHMARK)
2209 curop = LINKLIST(o);
2210 old_next = o->op_next;
2214 oldscope = PL_scopestack_ix;
2215 create_eval_scope(G_FAKINGEVAL);
2217 PL_warnhook = PERL_WARNHOOK_FATAL;
2224 sv = *(PL_stack_sp--);
2225 if (o->op_targ && sv == PAD_SV(o->op_targ)) /* grab pad temp? */
2226 pad_swipe(o->op_targ, FALSE);
2227 else if (SvTEMP(sv)) { /* grab mortal temp? */
2228 SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void(sv);
2233 /* Something tried to die. Abandon constant folding. */
2234 /* Pretend the error never happened. */
2235 sv_setpvn(ERRSV,"",0);
2236 o->op_next = old_next;
2240 /* Don't expect 1 (setjmp failed) or 2 (something called my_exit) */
2241 PL_warnhook = oldwarnhook;
2242 PL_diehook = olddiehook;
2243 /* XXX note that this croak may fail as we've already blown away
2244 * the stack - eg any nested evals */
2245 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: fold_constants JMPENV_PUSH returned %d", ret);
2248 PL_warnhook = oldwarnhook;
2249 PL_diehook = olddiehook;
2251 if (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
2252 delete_eval_scope();
2261 if (type == OP_RV2GV)
2262 newop = newGVOP(OP_GV, 0, (GV*)sv);
2264 newop = newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, (SV*)sv);
2265 op_getmad(o,newop,'f');
2273 Perl_gen_constant_list(pTHX_ register OP *o)
2277 const I32 oldtmps_floor = PL_tmps_floor;
2281 return o; /* Don't attempt to run with errors */
2283 PL_op = curop = LINKLIST(o);
2289 assert (!(curop->op_flags & OPf_SPECIAL));
2290 assert(curop->op_type == OP_RANGE);
2292 PL_tmps_floor = oldtmps_floor;
2294 o->op_type = OP_RV2AV;
2295 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_RV2AV];
2296 o->op_flags &= ~OPf_REF; /* treat \(1..2) like an ordinary list */
2297 o->op_flags |= OPf_PARENS; /* and flatten \(1..2,3) */
2298 o->op_opt = 0; /* needs to be revisited in peep() */
2299 curop = ((UNOP*)o)->op_first;
2300 ((UNOP*)o)->op_first = newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, SvREFCNT_inc_NN(*PL_stack_sp--));
2302 op_getmad(curop,o,'O');
2311 Perl_convert(pTHX_ I32 type, I32 flags, OP *o)
2314 if (!o || o->op_type != OP_LIST)
2315 o = newLISTOP(OP_LIST, 0, o, NULL);
2317 o->op_flags &= ~OPf_WANT;
2319 if (!(PL_opargs[type] & OA_MARK))
2320 op_null(cLISTOPo->op_first);
2322 o->op_type = (OPCODE)type;
2323 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[type];
2324 o->op_flags |= flags;
2326 o = CHECKOP(type, o);
2327 if (o->op_type != (unsigned)type)
2330 return fold_constants(o);
2333 /* List constructors */
2336 Perl_append_elem(pTHX_ I32 type, OP *first, OP *last)
2344 if (first->op_type != (unsigned)type
2345 || (type == OP_LIST && (first->op_flags & OPf_PARENS)))
2347 return newLISTOP(type, 0, first, last);
2350 if (first->op_flags & OPf_KIDS)
2351 ((LISTOP*)first)->op_last->op_sibling = last;
2353 first->op_flags |= OPf_KIDS;
2354 ((LISTOP*)first)->op_first = last;
2356 ((LISTOP*)first)->op_last = last;
2361 Perl_append_list(pTHX_ I32 type, LISTOP *first, LISTOP *last)
2369 if (first->op_type != (unsigned)type)
2370 return prepend_elem(type, (OP*)first, (OP*)last);
2372 if (last->op_type != (unsigned)type)
2373 return append_elem(type, (OP*)first, (OP*)last);
2375 first->op_last->op_sibling = last->op_first;
2376 first->op_last = last->op_last;
2377 first->op_flags |= (last->op_flags & OPf_KIDS);
2380 if (last->op_first && first->op_madprop) {
2381 MADPROP *mp = last->op_first->op_madprop;
2383 while (mp->mad_next)
2385 mp->mad_next = first->op_madprop;
2388 last->op_first->op_madprop = first->op_madprop;
2391 first->op_madprop = last->op_madprop;
2392 last->op_madprop = 0;
2395 S_op_destroy(aTHX_ (OP*)last);
2401 Perl_prepend_elem(pTHX_ I32 type, OP *first, OP *last)
2409 if (last->op_type == (unsigned)type) {
2410 if (type == OP_LIST) { /* already a PUSHMARK there */
2411 first->op_sibling = ((LISTOP*)last)->op_first->op_sibling;
2412 ((LISTOP*)last)->op_first->op_sibling = first;
2413 if (!(first->op_flags & OPf_PARENS))
2414 last->op_flags &= ~OPf_PARENS;
2417 if (!(last->op_flags & OPf_KIDS)) {
2418 ((LISTOP*)last)->op_last = first;
2419 last->op_flags |= OPf_KIDS;
2421 first->op_sibling = ((LISTOP*)last)->op_first;
2422 ((LISTOP*)last)->op_first = first;
2424 last->op_flags |= OPf_KIDS;
2428 return newLISTOP(type, 0, first, last);
2436 Perl_newTOKEN(pTHX_ I32 optype, YYSTYPE lval, MADPROP* madprop)
2439 Newxz(tk, 1, TOKEN);
2440 tk->tk_type = (OPCODE)optype;
2441 tk->tk_type = 12345;
2443 tk->tk_mad = madprop;
2448 Perl_token_free(pTHX_ TOKEN* tk)
2450 if (tk->tk_type != 12345)
2452 mad_free(tk->tk_mad);
2457 Perl_token_getmad(pTHX_ TOKEN* tk, OP* o, char slot)
2461 if (tk->tk_type != 12345) {
2462 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_MISC),
2463 "Invalid TOKEN object ignored");
2470 /* faked up qw list? */
2472 tm->mad_type == MAD_SV &&
2473 SvPVX((SV*)tm->mad_val)[0] == 'q')
2480 /* pretend constant fold didn't happen? */
2481 if (mp->mad_key == 'f' &&
2482 (o->op_type == OP_CONST ||
2483 o->op_type == OP_GV) )
2485 token_getmad(tk,(OP*)mp->mad_val,slot);
2499 if (mp->mad_key == 'X')
2500 mp->mad_key = slot; /* just change the first one */
2510 Perl_op_getmad_weak(pTHX_ OP* from, OP* o, char slot)
2519 /* pretend constant fold didn't happen? */
2520 if (mp->mad_key == 'f' &&
2521 (o->op_type == OP_CONST ||
2522 o->op_type == OP_GV) )
2524 op_getmad(from,(OP*)mp->mad_val,slot);
2531 mp->mad_next = newMADPROP(slot,MAD_OP,from,0);
2534 o->op_madprop = newMADPROP(slot,MAD_OP,from,0);
2540 Perl_op_getmad(pTHX_ OP* from, OP* o, char slot)
2549 /* pretend constant fold didn't happen? */
2550 if (mp->mad_key == 'f' &&
2551 (o->op_type == OP_CONST ||
2552 o->op_type == OP_GV) )
2554 op_getmad(from,(OP*)mp->mad_val,slot);
2561 mp->mad_next = newMADPROP(slot,MAD_OP,from,1);
2564 o->op_madprop = newMADPROP(slot,MAD_OP,from,1);
2568 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stderr(),
2569 "DESTROYING op = %0"UVxf"\n", PTR2UV(from));
2575 Perl_prepend_madprops(pTHX_ MADPROP* mp, OP* o, char slot)
2593 Perl_append_madprops(pTHX_ MADPROP* tm, OP* o, char slot)
2597 addmad(tm, &(o->op_madprop), slot);
2601 Perl_addmad(pTHX_ MADPROP* tm, MADPROP** root, char slot)
2622 Perl_newMADsv(pTHX_ char key, SV* sv)
2624 return newMADPROP(key, MAD_SV, sv, 0);
2628 Perl_newMADPROP(pTHX_ char key, char type, void* val, I32 vlen)
2631 Newxz(mp, 1, MADPROP);
2634 mp->mad_vlen = vlen;
2635 mp->mad_type = type;
2637 /* PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stderr(), "NEW mp = %0x\n", mp); */
2642 Perl_mad_free(pTHX_ MADPROP* mp)
2644 /* PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stderr(), "FREE mp = %0x\n", mp); */
2648 mad_free(mp->mad_next);
2649 /* if (PL_lex_state != LEX_NOTPARSING && mp->mad_vlen)
2650 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stderr(), "DESTROYING '%c'=<%s>\n", mp->mad_key & 255, mp->mad_val); */
2651 switch (mp->mad_type) {
2655 Safefree((char*)mp->mad_val);
2658 if (mp->mad_vlen) /* vlen holds "strong/weak" boolean */
2659 op_free((OP*)mp->mad_val);
2662 sv_free((SV*)mp->mad_val);
2665 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stderr(), "Unrecognized mad\n");
2674 Perl_newNULLLIST(pTHX)
2676 return newOP(OP_STUB, 0);
2680 Perl_force_list(pTHX_ OP *o)
2682 if (!o || o->op_type != OP_LIST)
2683 o = newLISTOP(OP_LIST, 0, o, NULL);
2689 Perl_newLISTOP(pTHX_ I32 type, I32 flags, OP *first, OP *last)
2694 NewOp(1101, listop, 1, LISTOP);
2696 listop->op_type = (OPCODE)type;
2697 listop->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[type];
2700 listop->op_flags = (U8)flags;
2704 else if (!first && last)
2707 first->op_sibling = last;
2708 listop->op_first = first;
2709 listop->op_last = last;
2710 if (type == OP_LIST) {
2711 OP* const pushop = newOP(OP_PUSHMARK, 0);
2712 pushop->op_sibling = first;
2713 listop->op_first = pushop;
2714 listop->op_flags |= OPf_KIDS;
2716 listop->op_last = pushop;
2719 return CHECKOP(type, listop);
2723 Perl_newOP(pTHX_ I32 type, I32 flags)
2727 NewOp(1101, o, 1, OP);
2728 o->op_type = (OPCODE)type;
2729 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[type];
2730 o->op_flags = (U8)flags;
2732 o->op_latefreed = 0;
2736 o->op_private = (U8)(0 | (flags >> 8));
2737 if (PL_opargs[type] & OA_RETSCALAR)
2739 if (PL_opargs[type] & OA_TARGET)
2740 o->op_targ = pad_alloc(type, SVs_PADTMP);
2741 return CHECKOP(type, o);
2745 Perl_newUNOP(pTHX_ I32 type, I32 flags, OP *first)
2751 first = newOP(OP_STUB, 0);
2752 if (PL_opargs[type] & OA_MARK)
2753 first = force_list(first);
2755 NewOp(1101, unop, 1, UNOP);
2756 unop->op_type = (OPCODE)type;
2757 unop->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[type];
2758 unop->op_first = first;
2759 unop->op_flags = (U8)(flags | OPf_KIDS);
2760 unop->op_private = (U8)(1 | (flags >> 8));
2761 unop = (UNOP*) CHECKOP(type, unop);
2765 return fold_constants((OP *) unop);
2769 Perl_newBINOP(pTHX_ I32 type, I32 flags, OP *first, OP *last)
2773 NewOp(1101, binop, 1, BINOP);
2776 first = newOP(OP_NULL, 0);
2778 binop->op_type = (OPCODE)type;
2779 binop->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[type];
2780 binop->op_first = first;
2781 binop->op_flags = (U8)(flags | OPf_KIDS);
2784 binop->op_private = (U8)(1 | (flags >> 8));
2787 binop->op_private = (U8)(2 | (flags >> 8));
2788 first->op_sibling = last;
2791 binop = (BINOP*)CHECKOP(type, binop);
2792 if (binop->op_next || binop->op_type != (OPCODE)type)
2795 binop->op_last = binop->op_first->op_sibling;
2797 return fold_constants((OP *)binop);
2800 static int uvcompare(const void *a, const void *b)
2801 __attribute__nonnull__(1)
2802 __attribute__nonnull__(2)
2803 __attribute__pure__;
2804 static int uvcompare(const void *a, const void *b)
2806 if (*((const UV *)a) < (*(const UV *)b))
2808 if (*((const UV *)a) > (*(const UV *)b))
2810 if (*((const UV *)a+1) < (*(const UV *)b+1))
2812 if (*((const UV *)a+1) > (*(const UV *)b+1))
2818 Perl_pmtrans(pTHX_ OP *o, OP *expr, OP *repl)
2821 SV * const tstr = ((SVOP*)expr)->op_sv;
2824 (repl->op_type == OP_NULL)
2825 ? ((SVOP*)((LISTOP*)repl)->op_first)->op_sv :
2827 ((SVOP*)repl)->op_sv;
2830 const U8 *t = (U8*)SvPV_const(tstr, tlen);
2831 const U8 *r = (U8*)SvPV_const(rstr, rlen);
2835 register short *tbl;
2837 const I32 complement = o->op_private & OPpTRANS_COMPLEMENT;
2838 const I32 squash = o->op_private & OPpTRANS_SQUASH;
2839 I32 del = o->op_private & OPpTRANS_DELETE;
2841 PL_hints |= HINT_BLOCK_SCOPE;
2844 o->op_private |= OPpTRANS_FROM_UTF;
2847 o->op_private |= OPpTRANS_TO_UTF;
2849 if (o->op_private & (OPpTRANS_FROM_UTF|OPpTRANS_TO_UTF)) {
2850 SV* const listsv = newSVpvs("# comment\n");
2852 const U8* tend = t + tlen;
2853 const U8* rend = r + rlen;
2867 const I32 from_utf = o->op_private & OPpTRANS_FROM_UTF;
2868 const I32 to_utf = o->op_private & OPpTRANS_TO_UTF;
2871 const U32 flags = UTF8_ALLOW_DEFAULT;
2875 t = tsave = bytes_to_utf8(t, &len);
2878 if (!to_utf && rlen) {
2880 r = rsave = bytes_to_utf8(r, &len);
2884 /* There are several snags with this code on EBCDIC:
2885 1. 0xFF is a legal UTF-EBCDIC byte (there are no illegal bytes).
2886 2. scan_const() in toke.c has encoded chars in native encoding which makes
2887 ranges at least in EBCDIC 0..255 range the bottom odd.
2891 U8 tmpbuf[UTF8_MAXBYTES+1];
2894 Newx(cp, 2*tlen, UV);
2896 transv = newSVpvs("");
2898 cp[2*i] = utf8n_to_uvuni(t, tend-t, &ulen, flags);
2900 if (t < tend && NATIVE_TO_UTF(*t) == 0xff) {
2902 cp[2*i+1] = utf8n_to_uvuni(t, tend-t, &ulen, flags);
2906 cp[2*i+1] = cp[2*i];
2910 qsort(cp, i, 2*sizeof(UV), uvcompare);
2911 for (j = 0; j < i; j++) {
2913 diff = val - nextmin;
2915 t = uvuni_to_utf8(tmpbuf,nextmin);
2916 sv_catpvn(transv, (char*)tmpbuf, t - tmpbuf);
2918 U8 range_mark = UTF_TO_NATIVE(0xff);
2919 t = uvuni_to_utf8(tmpbuf, val - 1);
2920 sv_catpvn(transv, (char *)&range_mark, 1);
2921 sv_catpvn(transv, (char*)tmpbuf, t - tmpbuf);
2928 t = uvuni_to_utf8(tmpbuf,nextmin);
2929 sv_catpvn(transv, (char*)tmpbuf, t - tmpbuf);
2931 U8 range_mark = UTF_TO_NATIVE(0xff);
2932 sv_catpvn(transv, (char *)&range_mark, 1);
2934 t = uvuni_to_utf8_flags(tmpbuf, 0x7fffffff,
2935 UNICODE_ALLOW_SUPER);
2936 sv_catpvn(transv, (char*)tmpbuf, t - tmpbuf);
2937 t = (const U8*)SvPVX_const(transv);
2938 tlen = SvCUR(transv);
2942 else if (!rlen && !del) {
2943 r = t; rlen = tlen; rend = tend;
2946 if ((!rlen && !del) || t == r ||
2947 (tlen == rlen && memEQ((char *)t, (char *)r, tlen)))
2949 o->op_private |= OPpTRANS_IDENTICAL;
2953 while (t < tend || tfirst <= tlast) {
2954 /* see if we need more "t" chars */
2955 if (tfirst > tlast) {
2956 tfirst = (I32)utf8n_to_uvuni(t, tend - t, &ulen, flags);
2958 if (t < tend && NATIVE_TO_UTF(*t) == 0xff) { /* illegal utf8 val indicates range */
2960 tlast = (I32)utf8n_to_uvuni(t, tend - t, &ulen, flags);
2967 /* now see if we need more "r" chars */
2968 if (rfirst > rlast) {
2970 rfirst = (I32)utf8n_to_uvuni(r, rend - r, &ulen, flags);
2972 if (r < rend && NATIVE_TO_UTF(*r) == 0xff) { /* illegal utf8 val indicates range */
2974 rlast = (I32)utf8n_to_uvuni(r, rend - r, &ulen, flags);
2983 rfirst = rlast = 0xffffffff;
2987 /* now see which range will peter our first, if either. */
2988 tdiff = tlast - tfirst;
2989 rdiff = rlast - rfirst;
2996 if (rfirst == 0xffffffff) {
2997 diff = tdiff; /* oops, pretend rdiff is infinite */
2999 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ listsv, "%04lx\t%04lx\tXXXX\n",
3000 (long)tfirst, (long)tlast);
3002 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ listsv, "%04lx\t\tXXXX\n", (long)tfirst);
3006 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ listsv, "%04lx\t%04lx\t%04lx\n",
3007 (long)tfirst, (long)(tfirst + diff),
3010 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ listsv, "%04lx\t\t%04lx\n",
3011 (long)tfirst, (long)rfirst);
3013 if (rfirst + diff > max)
3014 max = rfirst + diff;
3016 grows = (tfirst < rfirst &&
3017 UNISKIP(tfirst) < UNISKIP(rfirst + diff));
3029 else if (max > 0xff)
3034 PerlMemShared_free(cPVOPo->op_pv);
3035 cPVOPo->op_pv = NULL;
3037 swash = (SV*)swash_init("utf8", "", listsv, bits, none);
3039 cPADOPo->op_padix = pad_alloc(OP_TRANS, SVs_PADTMP);
3040 SvREFCNT_dec(PAD_SVl(cPADOPo->op_padix));
3041 PAD_SETSV(cPADOPo->op_padix, swash);
3044 cSVOPo->op_sv = swash;
3046 SvREFCNT_dec(listsv);
3047 SvREFCNT_dec(transv);
3049 if (!del && havefinal && rlen)
3050 (void)hv_store((HV*)SvRV(swash), "FINAL", 5,
3051 newSVuv((UV)final), 0);
3054 o->op_private |= OPpTRANS_GROWS;
3060 op_getmad(expr,o,'e');
3061 op_getmad(repl,o,'r');
3069 tbl = (short*)cPVOPo->op_pv;
3071 Zero(tbl, 256, short);
3072 for (i = 0; i < (I32)tlen; i++)
3074 for (i = 0, j = 0; i < 256; i++) {
3076 if (j >= (I32)rlen) {
3085 if (i < 128 && r[j] >= 128)
3095 o->op_private |= OPpTRANS_IDENTICAL;
3097 else if (j >= (I32)rlen)
3102 PerlMemShared_realloc(tbl,
3103 (0x101+rlen-j) * sizeof(short));
3104 cPVOPo->op_pv = (char*)tbl;
3106 tbl[0x100] = (short)(rlen - j);
3107 for (i=0; i < (I32)rlen - j; i++)
3108 tbl[0x101+i] = r[j+i];
3112 if (!rlen && !del) {
3115 o->op_private |= OPpTRANS_IDENTICAL;
3117 else if (!squash && rlen == tlen && memEQ((char*)t, (char*)r, tlen)) {
3118 o->op_private |= OPpTRANS_IDENTICAL;
3120 for (i = 0; i < 256; i++)
3122 for (i = 0, j = 0; i < (I32)tlen; i++,j++) {
3123 if (j >= (I32)rlen) {
3125 if (tbl[t[i]] == -1)
3131 if (tbl[t[i]] == -1) {
3132 if (t[i] < 128 && r[j] >= 128)
3139 o->op_private |= OPpTRANS_GROWS;
3141 op_getmad(expr,o,'e');
3142 op_getmad(repl,o,'r');
3152 Perl_newPMOP(pTHX_ I32 type, I32 flags)
3157 NewOp(1101, pmop, 1, PMOP);
3158 pmop->op_type = (OPCODE)type;
3159 pmop->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[type];
3160 pmop->op_flags = (U8)flags;
3161 pmop->op_private = (U8)(0 | (flags >> 8));
3163 if (PL_hints & HINT_RE_TAINT)
3164 pmop->op_pmpermflags |= PMf_RETAINT;
3165 if (PL_hints & HINT_LOCALE)
3166 pmop->op_pmpermflags |= PMf_LOCALE;
3167 pmop->op_pmflags = pmop->op_pmpermflags;
3170 if (av_len((AV*) PL_regex_pad[0]) > -1) {
3171 SV * const repointer = av_pop((AV*)PL_regex_pad[0]);
3172 pmop->op_pmoffset = SvIV(repointer);
3173 SvREPADTMP_off(repointer);
3174 sv_setiv(repointer,0);
3176 SV * const repointer = newSViv(0);
3177 av_push(PL_regex_padav, SvREFCNT_inc_simple_NN(repointer));
3178 pmop->op_pmoffset = av_len(PL_regex_padav);
3179 PL_regex_pad = AvARRAY(PL_regex_padav);
3183 /* link into pm list */
3184 if (type != OP_TRANS && PL_curstash) {
3185 MAGIC *mg = mg_find((SV*)PL_curstash, PERL_MAGIC_symtab);
3188 mg = sv_magicext((SV*)PL_curstash, 0, PERL_MAGIC_symtab, 0, 0, 0);
3190 pmop->op_pmnext = (PMOP*)mg->mg_obj;
3191 mg->mg_obj = (SV*)pmop;
3192 PmopSTASH_set(pmop,PL_curstash);
3195 return CHECKOP(type, pmop);
3198 /* Given some sort of match op o, and an expression expr containing a
3199 * pattern, either compile expr into a regex and attach it to o (if it's
3200 * constant), or convert expr into a runtime regcomp op sequence (if it's
3203 * isreg indicates that the pattern is part of a regex construct, eg
3204 * $x =~ /pattern/ or split /pattern/, as opposed to $x =~ $pattern or
3205 * split "pattern", which aren't. In the former case, expr will be a list
3206 * if the pattern contains more than one term (eg /a$b/) or if it contains
3207 * a replacement, ie s/// or tr///.
3211 Perl_pmruntime(pTHX_ OP *o, OP *expr, bool isreg)
3216 I32 repl_has_vars = 0;
3220 if (o->op_type == OP_SUBST || o->op_type == OP_TRANS) {
3221 /* last element in list is the replacement; pop it */
3223 repl = cLISTOPx(expr)->op_last;
3224 kid = cLISTOPx(expr)->op_first;
3225 while (kid->op_sibling != repl)
3226 kid = kid->op_sibling;
3227 kid->op_sibling = NULL;
3228 cLISTOPx(expr)->op_last = kid;
3231 if (isreg && expr->op_type == OP_LIST &&
3232 cLISTOPx(expr)->op_first->op_sibling == cLISTOPx(expr)->op_last)
3234 /* convert single element list to element */
3235 OP* const oe = expr;
3236 expr = cLISTOPx(oe)->op_first->op_sibling;
3237 cLISTOPx(oe)->op_first->op_sibling = NULL;
3238 cLISTOPx(oe)->op_last = NULL;
3242 if (o->op_type == OP_TRANS) {
3243 return pmtrans(o, expr, repl);
3246 reglist = isreg && expr->op_type == OP_LIST;
3250 PL_hints |= HINT_BLOCK_SCOPE;
3253 if (expr->op_type == OP_CONST) {
3255 SV * const pat = ((SVOP*)expr)->op_sv;
3256 const char *p = SvPV_const(pat, plen);
3257 if ((o->op_flags & OPf_SPECIAL) && (plen == 1 && *p == ' ')) {
3258 U32 was_readonly = SvREADONLY(pat);
3262 sv_force_normal_flags(pat, 0);
3263 assert(!SvREADONLY(pat));
3266 SvREADONLY_off(pat);
3270 sv_setpvn(pat, "\\s+", 3);
3272 SvFLAGS(pat) |= was_readonly;
3274 p = SvPV_const(pat, plen);
3275 pm->op_pmflags |= PMf_SKIPWHITE;
3278 pm->op_pmdynflags |= PMdf_UTF8;
3279 /* FIXME - can we make this function take const char * args? */
3280 PM_SETRE(pm, CALLREGCOMP((char*)p, (char*)p + plen, pm));
3281 if (PM_GETRE(pm)->extflags & RXf_WHITE)
3282 pm->op_pmflags |= PMf_WHITE;
3284 pm->op_pmflags &= ~PMf_WHITE;
3286 op_getmad(expr,(OP*)pm,'e');
3292 if (pm->op_pmflags & PMf_KEEP || !(PL_hints & HINT_RE_EVAL))
3293 expr = newUNOP((!(PL_hints & HINT_RE_EVAL)
3295 : OP_REGCMAYBE),0,expr);
3297 NewOp(1101, rcop, 1, LOGOP);
3298 rcop->op_type = OP_REGCOMP;
3299 rcop->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_REGCOMP];
3300 rcop->op_first = scalar(expr);
3301 rcop->op_flags |= OPf_KIDS
3302 | ((PL_hints & HINT_RE_EVAL) ? OPf_SPECIAL : 0)
3303 | (reglist ? OPf_STACKED : 0);
3304 rcop->op_private = 1;
3307 rcop->op_targ = pad_alloc(rcop->op_type, SVs_PADTMP);
3309 /* /$x/ may cause an eval, since $x might be qr/(?{..})/ */
3312 /* establish postfix order */
3313 if (pm->op_pmflags & PMf_KEEP || !(PL_hints & HINT_RE_EVAL)) {
3315 rcop->op_next = expr;
3316 ((UNOP*)expr)->op_first->op_next = (OP*)rcop;
3319 rcop->op_next = LINKLIST(expr);
3320 expr->op_next = (OP*)rcop;
3323 prepend_elem(o->op_type, scalar((OP*)rcop), o);
3328 if (pm->op_pmflags & PMf_EVAL) {
3330 if (CopLINE(PL_curcop) < (line_t)PL_multi_end)
3331 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, (line_t)PL_multi_end);
3333 else if (repl->op_type == OP_CONST)
3337 for (curop = LINKLIST(repl); curop!=repl; curop = LINKLIST(curop)) {
3338 if (curop->op_type == OP_SCOPE
3339 || curop->op_type == OP_LEAVE
3340 || (PL_opargs[curop->op_type] & OA_DANGEROUS)) {
3341 if (curop->op_type == OP_GV) {
3342 GV * const gv = cGVOPx_gv(curop);
3344 if (strchr("&`'123456789+-\016\022", *GvENAME(gv)))
3347 else if (curop->op_type == OP_RV2CV)
3349 else if (curop->op_type == OP_RV2SV ||
3350 curop->op_type == OP_RV2AV ||
3351 curop->op_type == OP_RV2HV ||
3352 curop->op_type == OP_RV2GV) {
3353 if (lastop && lastop->op_type != OP_GV) /*funny deref?*/
3356 else if (curop->op_type == OP_PADSV ||
3357 curop->op_type == OP_PADAV ||
3358 curop->op_type == OP_PADHV ||
3359 curop->op_type == OP_PADANY)
3363 else if (curop->op_type == OP_PUSHRE)
3364 NOOP; /* Okay here, dangerous in newASSIGNOP */
3374 || PM_GETRE(pm)->extflags & RXf_EVAL_SEEN)))
3376 pm->op_pmflags |= PMf_CONST; /* const for long enough */
3377 pm->op_pmpermflags |= PMf_CONST; /* const for long enough */
3378 prepend_elem(o->op_type, scalar(repl), o);
3381 if (curop == repl && !PM_GETRE(pm)) { /* Has variables. */
3382 pm->op_pmflags |= PMf_MAYBE_CONST;
3383 pm->op_pmpermflags |= PMf_MAYBE_CONST;
3385 NewOp(1101, rcop, 1, LOGOP);
3386 rcop->op_type = OP_SUBSTCONT;
3387 rcop->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_SUBSTCONT];
3388 rcop->op_first = scalar(repl);
3389 rcop->op_flags |= OPf_KIDS;
3390 rcop->op_private = 1;
3393 /* establish postfix order */
3394 rcop->op_next = LINKLIST(repl);
3395 repl->op_next = (OP*)rcop;
3397 pm->op_pmreplroot = scalar((OP*)rcop);
3398 pm->op_pmreplstart = LINKLIST(rcop);
3407 Perl_newSVOP(pTHX_ I32 type, I32 flags, SV *sv)
3411 NewOp(1101, svop, 1, SVOP);
3412 svop->op_type = (OPCODE)type;
3413 svop->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[type];
3415 svop->op_next = (OP*)svop;
3416 svop->op_flags = (U8)flags;
3417 if (PL_opargs[type] & OA_RETSCALAR)
3419 if (PL_opargs[type] & OA_TARGET)
3420 svop->op_targ = pad_alloc(type, SVs_PADTMP);
3421 return CHECKOP(type, svop);
3426 Perl_newPADOP(pTHX_ I32 type, I32 flags, SV *sv)
3430 NewOp(1101, padop, 1, PADOP);
3431 padop->op_type = (OPCODE)type;
3432 padop->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[type];
3433 padop->op_padix = pad_alloc(type, SVs_PADTMP);
3434 SvREFCNT_dec(PAD_SVl(padop->op_padix));
3435 PAD_SETSV(padop->op_padix, sv);
3438 padop->op_next = (OP*)padop;
3439 padop->op_flags = (U8)flags;
3440 if (PL_opargs[type] & OA_RETSCALAR)
3442 if (PL_opargs[type] & OA_TARGET)
3443 padop->op_targ = pad_alloc(type, SVs_PADTMP);
3444 return CHECKOP(type, padop);
3449 Perl_newGVOP(pTHX_ I32 type, I32 flags, GV *gv)
3455 return newPADOP(type, flags, SvREFCNT_inc_simple_NN(gv));
3457 return newSVOP(type, flags, SvREFCNT_inc_simple_NN(gv));
3462 Perl_newPVOP(pTHX_ I32 type, I32 flags, char *pv)
3466 NewOp(1101, pvop, 1, PVOP);
3467 pvop->op_type = (OPCODE)type;
3468 pvop->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[type];
3470 pvop->op_next = (OP*)pvop;
3471 pvop->op_flags = (U8)flags;
3472 if (PL_opargs[type] & OA_RETSCALAR)
3474 if (PL_opargs[type] & OA_TARGET)
3475 pvop->op_targ = pad_alloc(type, SVs_PADTMP);
3476 return CHECKOP(type, pvop);
3484 Perl_package(pTHX_ OP *o)
3487 SV *const sv = cSVOPo->op_sv;
3492 save_hptr(&PL_curstash);
3493 save_item(PL_curstname);
3495 PL_curstash = gv_stashsv(sv, GV_ADD);
3496 sv_setsv(PL_curstname, sv);
3498 PL_hints |= HINT_BLOCK_SCOPE;
3499 PL_copline = NOLINE;
3505 if (!PL_madskills) {
3510 pegop = newOP(OP_NULL,0);
3511 op_getmad(o,pegop,'P');
3521 Perl_utilize(pTHX_ int aver, I32 floor, OP *version, OP *idop, OP *arg)
3528 OP *pegop = newOP(OP_NULL,0);
3531 if (idop->op_type != OP_CONST)
3532 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Module name must be constant");
3535 op_getmad(idop,pegop,'U');
3540 SV * const vesv = ((SVOP*)version)->op_sv;
3543 op_getmad(version,pegop,'V');
3544 if (!arg && !SvNIOKp(vesv)) {
3551 if (version->op_type != OP_CONST || !SvNIOKp(vesv))
3552 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Version number must be constant number");
3554 /* Make copy of idop so we don't free it twice */
3555 pack = newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, newSVsv(((SVOP*)idop)->op_sv));
3557 /* Fake up a method call to VERSION */
3558 meth = newSVpvs_share("VERSION");
3559 veop = convert(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_STACKED|OPf_SPECIAL,
3560 append_elem(OP_LIST,
3561 prepend_elem(OP_LIST, pack, list(version)),
3562 newSVOP(OP_METHOD_NAMED, 0, meth)));
3566 /* Fake up an import/unimport */
3567 if (arg && arg->op_type == OP_STUB) {
3569 op_getmad(arg,pegop,'S');
3570 imop = arg; /* no import on explicit () */
3572 else if (SvNIOKp(((SVOP*)idop)->op_sv)) {
3573 imop = NULL; /* use 5.0; */
3575 idop->op_private |= OPpCONST_NOVER;
3581 op_getmad(arg,pegop,'A');
3583 /* Make copy of idop so we don't free it twice */
3584 pack = newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, newSVsv(((SVOP*)idop)->op_sv));
3586 /* Fake up a method call to import/unimport */
3588 ? newSVpvs_share("import") : newSVpvs_share("unimport");
3589 imop = convert(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_STACKED|OPf_SPECIAL,
3590 append_elem(OP_LIST,
3591 prepend_elem(OP_LIST, pack, list(arg)),
3592 newSVOP(OP_METHOD_NAMED, 0, meth)));
3595 /* Fake up the BEGIN {}, which does its thing immediately. */
3597 newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, newSVpvs_share("BEGIN")),
3600 append_elem(OP_LINESEQ,
3601 append_elem(OP_LINESEQ,
3602 newSTATEOP(0, NULL, newUNOP(OP_REQUIRE, 0, idop)),
3603 newSTATEOP(0, NULL, veop)),
3604 newSTATEOP(0, NULL, imop) ));
3606 /* The "did you use incorrect case?" warning used to be here.
3607 * The problem is that on case-insensitive filesystems one
3608 * might get false positives for "use" (and "require"):
3609 * "use Strict" or "require CARP" will work. This causes
3610 * portability problems for the script: in case-strict
3611 * filesystems the script will stop working.
3613 * The "incorrect case" warning checked whether "use Foo"
3614 * imported "Foo" to your namespace, but that is wrong, too:
3615 * there is no requirement nor promise in the language that
3616 * a Foo.pm should or would contain anything in package "Foo".
3618 * There is very little Configure-wise that can be done, either:
3619 * the case-sensitivity of the build filesystem of Perl does not
3620 * help in guessing the case-sensitivity of the runtime environment.
3623 PL_hints |= HINT_BLOCK_SCOPE;
3624 PL_copline = NOLINE;
3626 PL_cop_seqmax++; /* Purely for B::*'s benefit */
3629 if (!PL_madskills) {
3630 /* FIXME - don't allocate pegop if !PL_madskills */
3639 =head1 Embedding Functions
3641 =for apidoc load_module
3643 Loads the module whose name is pointed to by the string part of name.
3644 Note that the actual module name, not its filename, should be given.
3645 Eg, "Foo::Bar" instead of "Foo/Bar.pm". flags can be any of
3646 PERL_LOADMOD_DENY, PERL_LOADMOD_NOIMPORT, or PERL_LOADMOD_IMPORT_OPS
3647 (or 0 for no flags). ver, if specified, provides version semantics
3648 similar to C<use Foo::Bar VERSION>. The optional trailing SV*
3649 arguments can be used to specify arguments to the module's import()
3650 method, similar to C<use Foo::Bar VERSION LIST>.
3655 Perl_load_module(pTHX_ U32 flags, SV *name, SV *ver, ...)
3658 va_start(args, ver);
3659 vload_module(flags, name, ver, &args);
3663 #ifdef PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT
3665 Perl_load_module_nocontext(U32 flags, SV *name, SV *ver, ...)
3669 va_start(args, ver);
3670 vload_module(flags, name, ver, &args);
3676 Perl_vload_module(pTHX_ U32 flags, SV *name, SV *ver, va_list *args)
3681 OP * const modname = newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, name);
3682 modname->op_private |= OPpCONST_BARE;
3684 veop = newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, ver);
3688 if (flags & PERL_LOADMOD_NOIMPORT) {
3689 imop = sawparens(newNULLLIST());
3691 else if (flags & PERL_LOADMOD_IMPORT_OPS) {
3692 imop = va_arg(*args, OP*);
3697 sv = va_arg(*args, SV*);
3699 imop = append_elem(OP_LIST, imop, newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, sv));
3700 sv = va_arg(*args, SV*);
3704 const line_t ocopline = PL_copline;
3705 COP * const ocurcop = PL_curcop;
3706 const int oexpect = PL_expect;
3708 utilize(!(flags & PERL_LOADMOD_DENY), start_subparse(FALSE, 0),
3709 veop, modname, imop);
3710 PL_expect = oexpect;
3711 PL_copline = ocopline;
3712 PL_curcop = ocurcop;
3717 Perl_dofile(pTHX_ OP *term, I32 force_builtin)
3723 if (!force_builtin) {
3724 gv = gv_fetchpvs("do", GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PVCV);
3725 if (!(gv && GvCVu(gv) && GvIMPORTED_CV(gv))) {
3726 GV * const * const gvp = (GV**)hv_fetchs(PL_globalstash, "do", FALSE);
3727 gv = gvp ? *gvp : NULL;
3731 if (gv && GvCVu(gv) && GvIMPORTED_CV(gv)) {
3732 doop = ck_subr(newUNOP(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_STACKED,
3733 append_elem(OP_LIST, term,
3734 scalar(newUNOP(OP_RV2CV, 0,
3735 newGVOP(OP_GV, 0, gv))))));
3738 doop = newUNOP(OP_DOFILE, 0, scalar(term));
3744 Perl_newSLICEOP(pTHX_ I32 flags, OP *subscript, OP *listval)
3746 return newBINOP(OP_LSLICE, flags,
3747 list(force_list(subscript)),
3748 list(force_list(listval)) );
3752 S_is_list_assignment(pTHX_ register const OP *o)
3760 if ((o->op_type == OP_NULL) && (o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS))
3761 o = cUNOPo->op_first;
3763 flags = o->op_flags;
3765 if (type == OP_COND_EXPR) {
3766 const I32 t = is_list_assignment(cLOGOPo->op_first->op_sibling);
3767 const I32 f = is_list_assignment(cLOGOPo->op_first->op_sibling->op_sibling);
3772 yyerror("Assignment to both a list and a scalar");
3776 if (type == OP_LIST &&
3777 (flags & OPf_WANT) == OPf_WANT_SCALAR &&
3778 o->op_private & OPpLVAL_INTRO)
3781 if (type == OP_LIST || flags & OPf_PARENS ||
3782 type == OP_RV2AV || type == OP_RV2HV ||
3783 type == OP_ASLICE || type == OP_HSLICE)
3786 if (type == OP_PADAV || type == OP_PADHV)
3789 if (type == OP_RV2SV)
3796 Perl_newASSIGNOP(pTHX_ I32 flags, OP *left, I32 optype, OP *right)
3802 if (optype == OP_ANDASSIGN || optype == OP_ORASSIGN || optype == OP_DORASSIGN) {
3803 return newLOGOP(optype, 0,
3804 mod(scalar(left), optype),
3805 newUNOP(OP_SASSIGN, 0, scalar(right)));
3808 return newBINOP(optype, OPf_STACKED,
3809 mod(scalar(left), optype), scalar(right));
3813 if (is_list_assignment(left)) {
3817 /* Grandfathering $[ assignment here. Bletch.*/
3818 /* Only simple assignments like C<< ($[) = 1 >> are allowed */
3819 PL_eval_start = (left->op_type == OP_CONST) ? right : 0;
3820 left = mod(left, OP_AASSIGN);
3823 else if (left->op_type == OP_CONST) {
3825 /* Result of assignment is always 1 (or we'd be dead already) */
3826 return newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, newSViv(1));
3828 curop = list(force_list(left));
3829 o = newBINOP(OP_AASSIGN, flags, list(force_list(right)), curop);
3830 o->op_private = (U8)(0 | (flags >> 8));
3832 /* PL_generation sorcery:
3833 * an assignment like ($a,$b) = ($c,$d) is easier than
3834 * ($a,$b) = ($c,$a), since there is no need for temporary vars.
3835 * To detect whether there are common vars, the global var
3836 * PL_generation is incremented for each assign op we compile.
3837 * Then, while compiling the assign op, we run through all the
3838 * variables on both sides of the assignment, setting a spare slot
3839 * in each of them to PL_generation. If any of them already have
3840 * that value, we know we've got commonality. We could use a
3841 * single bit marker, but then we'd have to make 2 passes, first
3842 * to clear the flag, then to test and set it. To find somewhere
3843 * to store these values, evil chicanery is done with SvUVX().
3849 for (curop = LINKLIST(o); curop != o; curop = LINKLIST(curop)) {
3850 if (PL_opargs[curop->op_type] & OA_DANGEROUS) {
3851 if (curop->op_type == OP_GV) {
3852 GV *gv = cGVOPx_gv(curop);
3854 || (int)GvASSIGN_GENERATION(gv) == PL_generation)
3856 GvASSIGN_GENERATION_set(gv, PL_generation);
3858 else if (curop->op_type == OP_PADSV ||
3859 curop->op_type == OP_PADAV ||
3860 curop->op_type == OP_PADHV ||
3861 curop->op_type == OP_PADANY)
3863 if (PAD_COMPNAME_GEN(curop->op_targ)
3864 == (STRLEN)PL_generation)
3866 PAD_COMPNAME_GEN_set(curop->op_targ, PL_generation);
3869 else if (curop->op_type == OP_RV2CV)
3871 else if (curop->op_type == OP_RV2SV ||
3872 curop->op_type == OP_RV2AV ||
3873 curop->op_type == OP_RV2HV ||
3874 curop->op_type == OP_RV2GV) {
3875 if (lastop->op_type != OP_GV) /* funny deref? */
3878 else if (curop->op_type == OP_PUSHRE) {
3879 if (((PMOP*)curop)->op_pmreplroot) {
3881 GV *gv = (GV*)PAD_SVl(INT2PTR(PADOFFSET,
3882 ((PMOP*)curop)->op_pmreplroot));
3884 GV *gv = (GV*)((PMOP*)curop)->op_pmreplroot;
3887 || (int)GvASSIGN_GENERATION(gv) == PL_generation)
3889 GvASSIGN_GENERATION_set(gv, PL_generation);
3890 GvASSIGN_GENERATION_set(gv, PL_generation);
3899 o->op_private |= OPpASSIGN_COMMON;
3902 if ( ((left->op_private & OPpLVAL_INTRO) || ckWARN(WARN_MISC))
3903 && (left->op_type == OP_LIST
3904 || (left->op_type == OP_NULL && left->op_targ == OP_LIST)))
3906 OP* lop = ((LISTOP*)left)->op_first;
3908 if (lop->op_type == OP_PADSV ||
3909 lop->op_type == OP_PADAV ||
3910 lop->op_type == OP_PADHV ||
3911 lop->op_type == OP_PADANY)
3913 if (lop->op_private & OPpPAD_STATE) {
3914 if (left->op_private & OPpLVAL_INTRO) {
3915 o->op_private |= OPpASSIGN_STATE;
3916 /* hijacking PADSTALE for uninitialized state variables */
3917 SvPADSTALE_on(PAD_SVl(lop->op_targ));
3919 else { /* we already checked for WARN_MISC before */
3920 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_MISC), "State variable %s will be reinitialized",
3921 PAD_COMPNAME_PV(lop->op_targ));
3925 lop = lop->op_sibling;
3929 if (right && right->op_type == OP_SPLIT) {
3930 OP* tmpop = ((LISTOP*)right)->op_first;
3931 if (tmpop && (tmpop->op_type == OP_PUSHRE)) {
3932 PMOP * const pm = (PMOP*)tmpop;
3933 if (left->op_type == OP_RV2AV &&
3934 !(left->op_private & OPpLVAL_INTRO) &&
3935 !(o->op_private & OPpASSIGN_COMMON) )
3937 tmpop = ((UNOP*)left)->op_first;
3938 if (tmpop->op_type == OP_GV && !pm->op_pmreplroot) {
3940 pm->op_pmreplroot = INT2PTR(OP*, cPADOPx(tmpop)->op_padix);
3941 cPADOPx(tmpop)->op_padix = 0; /* steal it */
3943 pm->op_pmreplroot = (OP*)cSVOPx(tmpop)->op_sv;
3944 cSVOPx(tmpop)->op_sv = NULL; /* steal it */
3946 pm->op_pmflags |= PMf_ONCE;
3947 tmpop = cUNOPo->op_first; /* to list (nulled) */
3948 tmpop = ((UNOP*)tmpop)->op_first; /* to pushmark */
3949 tmpop->op_sibling = NULL; /* don't free split */
3950 right->op_next = tmpop->op_next; /* fix starting loc */
3952 op_getmad(o,right,'R'); /* blow off assign */
3954 op_free(o); /* blow off assign */
3956 right->op_flags &= ~OPf_WANT;
3957 /* "I don't know and I don't care." */
3962 if (PL_modcount < RETURN_UNLIMITED_NUMBER &&
3963 ((LISTOP*)right)->op_last->op_type == OP_CONST)
3965 SV *sv = ((SVOP*)((LISTOP*)right)->op_last)->op_sv;
3967 sv_setiv(sv, PL_modcount+1);
3975 right = newOP(OP_UNDEF, 0);
3976 if (right->op_type == OP_READLINE) {
3977 right->op_flags |= OPf_STACKED;
3978 return newBINOP(OP_NULL, flags, mod(scalar(left), OP_SASSIGN), scalar(right));
3981 PL_eval_start = right; /* Grandfathering $[ assignment here. Bletch.*/
3982 o = newBINOP(OP_SASSIGN, flags,
3983 scalar(right), mod(scalar(left), OP_SASSIGN) );
3989 o = newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, newSViv(CopARYBASE_get(&PL_compiling)));
3990 o->op_private |= OPpCONST_ARYBASE;
3997 Perl_newSTATEOP(pTHX_ I32 flags, char *label, OP *o)
4000 const U32 seq = intro_my();
4003 NewOp(1101, cop, 1, COP);
4004 if (PERLDB_LINE && CopLINE(PL_curcop) && PL_curstash != PL_debstash) {
4005 cop->op_type = OP_DBSTATE;
4006 cop->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[ OP_DBSTATE ];
4009 cop->op_type = OP_NEXTSTATE;
4010 cop->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[ OP_NEXTSTATE ];
4012 cop->op_flags = (U8)flags;
4013 CopHINTS_set(cop, PL_hints);
4015 cop->op_private |= NATIVE_HINTS;
4017 CopHINTS_set(&PL_compiling, CopHINTS_get(cop));
4018 cop->op_next = (OP*)cop;
4021 CopLABEL_set(cop, label);
4022 PL_hints |= HINT_BLOCK_SCOPE;
4025 /* CopARYBASE is now "virtual", in that it's stored as a flag bit in
4026 CopHINTS and a possible value in cop_hints_hash, so no need to copy it.
4028 cop->cop_warnings = DUP_WARNINGS(PL_curcop->cop_warnings);
4029 cop->cop_hints_hash = PL_curcop->cop_hints_hash;
4030 if (cop->cop_hints_hash) {
4032 cop->cop_hints_hash->refcounted_he_refcnt++;
4033 HINTS_REFCNT_UNLOCK;
4036 if (PL_copline == NOLINE)
4037 CopLINE_set(cop, CopLINE(PL_curcop));
4039 CopLINE_set(cop, PL_copline);
4040 PL_copline = NOLINE;
4043 CopFILE_set(cop, CopFILE(PL_curcop)); /* XXX share in a pvtable? */
4045 CopFILEGV_set(cop, CopFILEGV(PL_curcop));
4047 CopSTASH_set(cop, PL_curstash);
4049 if (PERLDB_LINE && PL_curstash != PL_debstash) {
4050 AV *av = CopFILEAVx(PL_curcop);
4052 SV * const * const svp = av_fetch(av, (I32)CopLINE(cop), FALSE);
4053 if (svp && *svp != &PL_sv_undef ) {
4054 (void)SvIOK_on(*svp);
4055 SvIV_set(*svp, PTR2IV(cop));
4060 return prepend_elem(OP_LINESEQ, (OP*)cop, o);
4065 Perl_newLOGOP(pTHX_ I32 type, I32 flags, OP *first, OP *other)
4068 return new_logop(type, flags, &first, &other);
4072 S_new_logop(pTHX_ I32 type, I32 flags, OP** firstp, OP** otherp)
4077 OP *first = *firstp;
4078 OP * const other = *otherp;
4080 if (type == OP_XOR) /* Not short circuit, but here by precedence. */
4081 return newBINOP(type, flags, scalar(first), scalar(other));
4083 scalarboolean(first);
4084 /* optimize "!a && b" to "a || b", and "!a || b" to "a && b" */
4085 if (first->op_type == OP_NOT
4086 && (first->op_flags & OPf_SPECIAL)
4087 && (first->op_flags & OPf_KIDS)) {
4088 if (type == OP_AND || type == OP_OR) {
4094 first = *firstp = cUNOPo->op_first;
4096 first->op_next = o->op_next;
4097 cUNOPo->op_first = NULL;
4099 op_getmad(o,first,'O');
4105 if (first->op_type == OP_CONST) {
4106 if (first->op_private & OPpCONST_STRICT)
4107 no_bareword_allowed(first);
4108 else if ((first->op_private & OPpCONST_BARE) && ckWARN(WARN_BAREWORD))
4109 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_BAREWORD), "Bareword found in conditional");
4110 if ((type == OP_AND && SvTRUE(((SVOP*)first)->op_sv)) ||
4111 (type == OP_OR && !SvTRUE(((SVOP*)first)->op_sv)) ||
4112 (type == OP_DOR && !SvOK(((SVOP*)first)->op_sv))) {
4114 if (other->op_type == OP_CONST)
4115 other->op_private |= OPpCONST_SHORTCIRCUIT;
4117 OP *newop = newUNOP(OP_NULL, 0, other);
4118 op_getmad(first, newop, '1');
4119 newop->op_targ = type; /* set "was" field */
4126 /* check for C<my $x if 0>, or C<my($x,$y) if 0> */
4127 const OP *o2 = other;
4128 if ( ! (o2->op_type == OP_LIST
4129 && (( o2 = cUNOPx(o2)->op_first))
4130 && o2->op_type == OP_PUSHMARK
4131 && (( o2 = o2->op_sibling)) )
4134 if ((o2->op_type == OP_PADSV || o2->op_type == OP_PADAV
4135 || o2->op_type == OP_PADHV)
4136 && o2->op_private & OPpLVAL_INTRO
4137 && ckWARN(WARN_DEPRECATED))
4139 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEPRECATED),
4140 "Deprecated use of my() in false conditional");
4144 if (first->op_type == OP_CONST)
4145 first->op_private |= OPpCONST_SHORTCIRCUIT;
4147 first = newUNOP(OP_NULL, 0, first);
4148 op_getmad(other, first, '2');
4149 first->op_targ = type; /* set "was" field */
4156 else if ((first->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) && type != OP_DOR
4157 && ckWARN(WARN_MISC)) /* [#24076] Don't warn for <FH> err FOO. */
4159 const OP * const k1 = ((UNOP*)first)->op_first;
4160 const OP * const k2 = k1->op_sibling;
4162 switch (first->op_type)
4165 if (k2 && k2->op_type == OP_READLINE
4166 && (k2->op_flags & OPf_STACKED)
4167 && ((k1->op_flags & OPf_WANT) == OPf_WANT_SCALAR))
4169 warnop = k2->op_type;
4174 if (k1->op_type == OP_READDIR
4175 || k1->op_type == OP_GLOB
4176 || (k1->op_type == OP_NULL && k1->op_targ == OP_GLOB)
4177 || k1->op_type == OP_EACH)
4179 warnop = ((k1->op_type == OP_NULL)
4180 ? (OPCODE)k1->op_targ : k1->op_type);
4185 const line_t oldline = CopLINE(PL_curcop);
4186 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, PL_copline);
4187 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_MISC),
4188 "Value of %s%s can be \"0\"; test with defined()",
4190 ((warnop == OP_READLINE || warnop == OP_GLOB)
4191 ? " construct" : "() operator"));
4192 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
4199 if (type == OP_ANDASSIGN || type == OP_ORASSIGN || type == OP_DORASSIGN)
4200 other->op_private |= OPpASSIGN_BACKWARDS; /* other is an OP_SASSIGN */
4202 NewOp(1101, logop, 1, LOGOP);
4204 logop->op_type = (OPCODE)type;
4205 logop->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[type];
4206 logop->op_first = first;
4207 logop->op_flags = (U8)(flags | OPf_KIDS);
4208 logop->op_other = LINKLIST(other);
4209 logop->op_private = (U8)(1 | (flags >> 8));
4211 /* establish postfix order */
4212 logop->op_next = LINKLIST(first);
4213 first->op_next = (OP*)logop;
4214 first->op_sibling = other;
4216 CHECKOP(type,logop);
4218 o = newUNOP(OP_NULL, 0, (OP*)logop);
4225 Perl_newCONDOP(pTHX_ I32 flags, OP *first, OP *trueop, OP *falseop)
4233 return newLOGOP(OP_AND, 0, first, trueop);
4235 return newLOGOP(OP_OR, 0, first, falseop);
4237 scalarboolean(first);
4238 if (first->op_type == OP_CONST) {
4239 /* Left or right arm of the conditional? */
4240 const bool left = SvTRUE(((SVOP*)first)->op_sv);
4241 OP *live = left ? trueop : falseop;
4242 OP *const dead = left ? falseop : trueop;
4243 if (first->op_private & OPpCONST_BARE &&
4244 first->op_private & OPpCONST_STRICT) {
4245 no_bareword_allowed(first);
4248 /* This is all dead code when PERL_MAD is not defined. */
4249 live = newUNOP(OP_NULL, 0, live);
4250 op_getmad(first, live, 'C');
4251 op_getmad(dead, live, left ? 'e' : 't');
4258 NewOp(1101, logop, 1, LOGOP);
4259 logop->op_type = OP_COND_EXPR;
4260 logop->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_COND_EXPR];
4261 logop->op_first = first;
4262 logop->op_flags = (U8)(flags | OPf_KIDS);
4263 logop->op_private = (U8)(1 | (flags >> 8));
4264 logop->op_other = LINKLIST(trueop);
4265 logop->op_next = LINKLIST(falseop);
4267 CHECKOP(OP_COND_EXPR, /* that's logop->op_type */
4270 /* establish postfix order */
4271 start = LINKLIST(first);
4272 first->op_next = (OP*)logop;
4274 first->op_sibling = trueop;
4275 trueop->op_sibling = falseop;
4276 o = newUNOP(OP_NULL, 0, (OP*)logop);
4278 trueop->op_next = falseop->op_next = o;
4285 Perl_newRANGE(pTHX_ I32 flags, OP *left, OP *right)
4294 NewOp(1101, range, 1, LOGOP);
4296 range->op_type = OP_RANGE;
4297 range->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_RANGE];
4298 range->op_first = left;
4299 range->op_flags = OPf_KIDS;
4300 leftstart = LINKLIST(left);
4301 range->op_other = LINKLIST(right);
4302 range->op_private = (U8)(1 | (flags >> 8));
4304 left->op_sibling = right;
4306 range->op_next = (OP*)range;
4307 flip = newUNOP(OP_FLIP, flags, (OP*)range);
4308 flop = newUNOP(OP_FLOP, 0, flip);
4309 o = newUNOP(OP_NULL, 0, flop);
4311 range->op_next = leftstart;
4313 left->op_next = flip;
4314 right->op_next = flop;
4316 range->op_targ = pad_alloc(OP_RANGE, SVs_PADMY);
4317 sv_upgrade(PAD_SV(range->op_targ), SVt_PVNV);
4318 flip->op_targ = pad_alloc(OP_RANGE, SVs_PADMY);
4319 sv_upgrade(PAD_SV(flip->op_targ), SVt_PVNV);
4321 flip->op_private = left->op_type == OP_CONST ? OPpFLIP_LINENUM : 0;
4322 flop->op_private = right->op_type == OP_CONST ? OPpFLIP_LINENUM : 0;
4325 if (!flip->op_private || !flop->op_private)
4326 linklist(o); /* blow off optimizer unless constant */
4332 Perl_newLOOPOP(pTHX_ I32 flags, I32 debuggable, OP *expr, OP *block)
4337 const bool once = block && block->op_flags & OPf_SPECIAL &&
4338 (block->op_type == OP_ENTERSUB || block->op_type == OP_NULL);
4340 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(debuggable);
4343 if (once && expr->op_type == OP_CONST && !SvTRUE(((SVOP*)expr)->op_sv))
4344 return block; /* do {} while 0 does once */
4345 if (expr->op_type == OP_READLINE || expr->op_type == OP_GLOB
4346 || (expr->op_type == OP_NULL && expr->op_targ == OP_GLOB)) {
4347 expr = newUNOP(OP_DEFINED, 0,
4348 newASSIGNOP(0, newDEFSVOP(), 0, expr) );
4349 } else if (expr->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) {
4350 const OP * const k1 = ((UNOP*)expr)->op_first;
4351 const OP * const k2 = k1 ? k1->op_sibling : NULL;
4352 switch (expr->op_type) {
4354 if (k2 && k2->op_type == OP_READLINE
4355 && (k2->op_flags & OPf_STACKED)
4356 && ((k1->op_flags & OPf_WANT) == OPf_WANT_SCALAR))
4357 expr = newUNOP(OP_DEFINED, 0, expr);
4361 if (k1 && (k1->op_type == OP_READDIR
4362 || k1->op_type == OP_GLOB
4363 || (k1->op_type == OP_NULL && k1->op_targ == OP_GLOB)
4364 || k1->op_type == OP_EACH))
4365 expr = newUNOP(OP_DEFINED, 0, expr);
4371 /* if block is null, the next append_elem() would put UNSTACK, a scalar
4372 * op, in listop. This is wrong. [perl #27024] */
4374 block = newOP(OP_NULL, 0);
4375 listop = append_elem(OP_LINESEQ, block, newOP(OP_UNSTACK, 0));
4376 o = new_logop(OP_AND, 0, &expr, &listop);
4379 ((LISTOP*)listop)->op_last->op_next = LINKLIST(o);
4381 if (once && o != listop)
4382 o->op_next = ((LOGOP*)cUNOPo->op_first)->op_other;
4385 o = newUNOP(OP_NULL, 0, o); /* or do {} while 1 loses outer block */
4387 o->op_flags |= flags;
4389 o->op_flags |= OPf_SPECIAL; /* suppress POPBLOCK curpm restoration*/
4394 Perl_newWHILEOP(pTHX_ I32 flags, I32 debuggable, LOOP *loop, I32
4395 whileline, OP *expr, OP *block, OP *cont, I32 has_my)
4404 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(debuggable);
4407 if (expr->op_type == OP_READLINE || expr->op_type == OP_GLOB
4408 || (expr->op_type == OP_NULL && expr->op_targ == OP_GLOB)) {
4409 expr = newUNOP(OP_DEFINED, 0,
4410 newASSIGNOP(0, newDEFSVOP(), 0, expr) );
4411 } else if (expr->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) {
4412 const OP * const k1 = ((UNOP*)expr)->op_first;
4413 const OP * const k2 = (k1) ? k1->op_sibling : NULL;
4414 switch (expr->op_type) {
4416 if (k2 && k2->op_type == OP_READLINE
4417 && (k2->op_flags & OPf_STACKED)
4418 && ((k1->op_flags & OPf_WANT) == OPf_WANT_SCALAR))
4419 expr = newUNOP(OP_DEFINED, 0, expr);
4423 if (k1 && (k1->op_type == OP_READDIR
4424 || k1->op_type == OP_GLOB
4425 || (k1->op_type == OP_NULL && k1->op_targ == OP_GLOB)
4426 || k1->op_type == OP_EACH))
4427 expr = newUNOP(OP_DEFINED, 0, expr);
4434 block = newOP(OP_NULL, 0);
4435 else if (cont || has_my) {
4436 block = scope(block);
4440 next = LINKLIST(cont);
4443 OP * const unstack = newOP(OP_UNSTACK, 0);
4446 cont = append_elem(OP_LINESEQ, cont, unstack);
4450 listop = append_list(OP_LINESEQ, (LISTOP*)block, (LISTOP*)cont);
4452 redo = LINKLIST(listop);
4455 PL_copline = (line_t)whileline;
4457 o = new_logop(OP_AND, 0, &expr, &listop);
4458 if (o == expr && o->op_type == OP_CONST && !SvTRUE(cSVOPo->op_sv)) {
4459 op_free(expr); /* oops, it's a while (0) */
4461 return NULL; /* listop already freed by new_logop */
4464 ((LISTOP*)listop)->op_last->op_next =
4465 (o == listop ? redo : LINKLIST(o));
4471 NewOp(1101,loop,1,LOOP);
4472 loop->op_type = OP_ENTERLOOP;
4473 loop->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_ENTERLOOP];
4474 loop->op_private = 0;
4475 loop->op_next = (OP*)loop;
4478 o = newBINOP(OP_LEAVELOOP, 0, (OP*)loop, o);
4480 loop->op_redoop = redo;
4481 loop->op_lastop = o;
4482 o->op_private |= loopflags;
4485 loop->op_nextop = next;
4487 loop->op_nextop = o;
4489 o->op_flags |= flags;
4490 o->op_private |= (flags >> 8);
4495 Perl_newFOROP(pTHX_ I32 flags, char *label, line_t forline, OP *sv, OP *expr, OP *block, OP *cont)
4500 PADOFFSET padoff = 0;
4506 if (sv->op_type == OP_RV2SV) { /* symbol table variable */
4507 iterpflags = sv->op_private & OPpOUR_INTRO; /* for our $x () */
4508 sv->op_type = OP_RV2GV;
4509 sv->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_RV2GV];
4511 /* The op_type check is needed to prevent a possible segfault
4512 * if the loop variable is undeclared and 'strict vars' is in
4513 * effect. This is illegal but is nonetheless parsed, so we
4514 * may reach this point with an OP_CONST where we're expecting
4517 if (cUNOPx(sv)->op_first->op_type == OP_GV
4518 && cGVOPx_gv(cUNOPx(sv)->op_first) == PL_defgv)
4519 iterpflags |= OPpITER_DEF;
4521 else if (sv->op_type == OP_PADSV) { /* private variable */
4522 iterpflags = sv->op_private & OPpLVAL_INTRO; /* for my $x () */
4523 padoff = sv->op_targ;
4533 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't use %s for loop variable", PL_op_desc[sv->op_type]);
4535 SV *const namesv = PAD_COMPNAME_SV(padoff);
4537 const char *const name = SvPV_const(namesv, len);
4539 if (len == 2 && name[0] == '$' && name[1] == '_')
4540 iterpflags |= OPpITER_DEF;
4544 const PADOFFSET offset = pad_findmy("$_");
4545 if (offset == NOT_IN_PAD || PAD_COMPNAME_FLAGS_isOUR(offset)) {
4546 sv = newGVOP(OP_GV, 0, PL_defgv);
4551 iterpflags |= OPpITER_DEF;
4553 if (expr->op_type == OP_RV2AV || expr->op_type == OP_PADAV) {
4554 expr = mod(force_list(scalar(ref(expr, OP_ITER))), OP_GREPSTART);
4555 iterflags |= OPf_STACKED;
4557 else if (expr->op_type == OP_NULL &&
4558 (expr->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) &&
4559 ((BINOP*)expr)->op_first->op_type == OP_FLOP)
4561 /* Basically turn for($x..$y) into the same as for($x,$y), but we
4562 * set the STACKED flag to indicate that these values are to be
4563 * treated as min/max values by 'pp_iterinit'.
4565 const UNOP* const flip = (UNOP*)((UNOP*)((BINOP*)expr)->op_first)->op_first;
4566 LOGOP* const range = (LOGOP*) flip->op_first;
4567 OP* const left = range->op_first;
4568 OP* const right = left->op_sibling;
4571 range->op_flags &= ~OPf_KIDS;
4572 range->op_first = NULL;
4574 listop = (LISTOP*)newLISTOP(OP_LIST, 0, left, right);
4575 listop->op_first->op_next = range->op_next;
4576 left->op_next = range->op_other;
4577 right->op_next = (OP*)listop;
4578 listop->op_next = listop->op_first;
4581 op_getmad(expr,(OP*)listop,'O');
4585 expr = (OP*)(listop);
4587 iterflags |= OPf_STACKED;
4590 expr = mod(force_list(expr), OP_GREPSTART);
4593 loop = (LOOP*)list(convert(OP_ENTERITER, iterflags,
4594 append_elem(OP_LIST, expr, scalar(sv))));
4595 assert(!loop->op_next);
4596 /* for my $x () sets OPpLVAL_INTRO;
4597 * for our $x () sets OPpOUR_INTRO */
4598 loop->op_private = (U8)iterpflags;
4599 #ifdef PL_OP_SLAB_ALLOC
4602 NewOp(1234,tmp,1,LOOP);
4603 Copy(loop,tmp,1,LISTOP);
4604 S_op_destroy(aTHX_ (OP*)loop);
4608 loop = (LOOP*)PerlMemShared_realloc(loop, sizeof(LOOP));
4610 loop->op_targ = padoff;
4611 wop = newWHILEOP(flags, 1, loop, forline, newOP(OP_ITER, 0), block, cont, 0);
4613 op_getmad(madsv, (OP*)loop, 'v');
4614 PL_copline = forline;
4615 return newSTATEOP(0, label, wop);
4619 Perl_newLOOPEX(pTHX_ I32 type, OP *label)
4624 if (type != OP_GOTO || label->op_type == OP_CONST) {
4625 /* "last()" means "last" */
4626 if (label->op_type == OP_STUB && (label->op_flags & OPf_PARENS))
4627 o = newOP(type, OPf_SPECIAL);
4629 o = newPVOP(type, 0, savesharedpv(label->op_type == OP_CONST
4630 ? SvPVx_nolen_const(((SVOP*)label)->op_sv)
4634 op_getmad(label,o,'L');
4640 /* Check whether it's going to be a goto &function */
4641 if (label->op_type == OP_ENTERSUB
4642 && !(label->op_flags & OPf_STACKED))
4643 label = newUNOP(OP_REFGEN, 0, mod(label, OP_REFGEN));
4644 o = newUNOP(type, OPf_STACKED, label);
4646 PL_hints |= HINT_BLOCK_SCOPE;
4650 /* if the condition is a literal array or hash
4651 (or @{ ... } etc), make a reference to it.
4654 S_ref_array_or_hash(pTHX_ OP *cond)
4657 && (cond->op_type == OP_RV2AV
4658 || cond->op_type == OP_PADAV
4659 || cond->op_type == OP_RV2HV
4660 || cond->op_type == OP_PADHV))
4662 return newUNOP(OP_REFGEN,
4663 0, mod(cond, OP_REFGEN));
4669 /* These construct the optree fragments representing given()
4672 entergiven and enterwhen are LOGOPs; the op_other pointer
4673 points up to the associated leave op. We need this so we
4674 can put it in the context and make break/continue work.
4675 (Also, of course, pp_enterwhen will jump straight to
4676 op_other if the match fails.)
4681 S_newGIVWHENOP(pTHX_ OP *cond, OP *block,
4682 I32 enter_opcode, I32 leave_opcode,
4683 PADOFFSET entertarg)
4689 NewOp(1101, enterop, 1, LOGOP);
4690 enterop->op_type = enter_opcode;
4691 enterop->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[enter_opcode];
4692 enterop->op_flags = (U8) OPf_KIDS;
4693 enterop->op_targ = ((entertarg == NOT_IN_PAD) ? 0 : entertarg);
4694 enterop->op_private = 0;
4696 o = newUNOP(leave_opcode, 0, (OP *) enterop);
4699 enterop->op_first = scalar(cond);
4700 cond->op_sibling = block;
4702 o->op_next = LINKLIST(cond);
4703 cond->op_next = (OP *) enterop;
4706 /* This is a default {} block */
4707 enterop->op_first = block;
4708 enterop->op_flags |= OPf_SPECIAL;
4710 o->op_next = (OP *) enterop;
4713 CHECKOP(enter_opcode, enterop); /* Currently does nothing, since
4714 entergiven and enterwhen both
4717 enterop->op_next = LINKLIST(block);
4718 block->op_next = enterop->op_other = o;
4723 /* Does this look like a boolean operation? For these purposes
4724 a boolean operation is:
4725 - a subroutine call [*]
4726 - a logical connective
4727 - a comparison operator
4728 - a filetest operator, with the exception of -s -M -A -C
4729 - defined(), exists() or eof()
4730 - /$re/ or $foo =~ /$re/
4732 [*] possibly surprising
4736 S_looks_like_bool(pTHX_ const OP *o)
4739 switch(o->op_type) {
4741 return looks_like_bool(cLOGOPo->op_first);
4745 looks_like_bool(cLOGOPo->op_first)
4746 && looks_like_bool(cLOGOPo->op_first->op_sibling));
4750 case OP_NOT: case OP_XOR:
4751 /* Note that OP_DOR is not here */
4753 case OP_EQ: case OP_NE: case OP_LT:
4754 case OP_GT: case OP_LE: case OP_GE:
4756 case OP_I_EQ: case OP_I_NE: case OP_I_LT:
4757 case OP_I_GT: case OP_I_LE: case OP_I_GE:
4759 case OP_SEQ: case OP_SNE: case OP_SLT:
4760 case OP_SGT: case OP_SLE: case OP_SGE:
4764 case OP_FTRREAD: case OP_FTRWRITE: case OP_FTREXEC:
4765 case OP_FTEREAD: case OP_FTEWRITE: case OP_FTEEXEC:
4766 case OP_FTIS: case OP_FTEOWNED: case OP_FTROWNED:
4767 case OP_FTZERO: case OP_FTSOCK: case OP_FTCHR:
4768 case OP_FTBLK: case OP_FTFILE: case OP_FTDIR:
4769 case OP_FTPIPE: case OP_FTLINK: case OP_FTSUID:
4770 case OP_FTSGID: case OP_FTSVTX: case OP_FTTTY:
4771 case OP_FTTEXT: case OP_FTBINARY:
4773 case OP_DEFINED: case OP_EXISTS:
4774 case OP_MATCH: case OP_EOF:
4779 /* Detect comparisons that have been optimized away */
4780 if (cSVOPo->op_sv == &PL_sv_yes
4781 || cSVOPo->op_sv == &PL_sv_no)
4792 Perl_newGIVENOP(pTHX_ OP *cond, OP *block, PADOFFSET defsv_off)
4796 return newGIVWHENOP(
4797 ref_array_or_hash(cond),
4799 OP_ENTERGIVEN, OP_LEAVEGIVEN,
4803 /* If cond is null, this is a default {} block */
4805 Perl_newWHENOP(pTHX_ OP *cond, OP *block)
4807 const bool cond_llb = (!cond || looks_like_bool(cond));
4813 cond_op = newBINOP(OP_SMARTMATCH, OPf_SPECIAL,
4815 scalar(ref_array_or_hash(cond)));
4818 return newGIVWHENOP(
4820 append_elem(block->op_type, block, newOP(OP_BREAK, OPf_SPECIAL)),
4821 OP_ENTERWHEN, OP_LEAVEWHEN, 0);
4825 =for apidoc cv_undef
4827 Clear out all the active components of a CV. This can happen either
4828 by an explicit C<undef &foo>, or by the reference count going to zero.
4829 In the former case, we keep the CvOUTSIDE pointer, so that any anonymous
4830 children can still follow the full lexical scope chain.
4836 Perl_cv_undef(pTHX_ CV *cv)
4840 if (CvFILE(cv) && !CvISXSUB(cv)) {
4841 /* for XSUBs CvFILE point directly to static memory; __FILE__ */
4842 Safefree(CvFILE(cv));
4847 if (!CvISXSUB(cv) && CvROOT(cv)) {
4848 if (SvTYPE(cv) == SVt_PVCV && CvDEPTH(cv))
4849 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't undef active subroutine");
4852 PAD_SAVE_SETNULLPAD();
4854 op_free(CvROOT(cv));
4859 SvPOK_off((SV*)cv); /* forget prototype */
4864 /* remove CvOUTSIDE unless this is an undef rather than a free */
4865 if (!SvREFCNT(cv) && CvOUTSIDE(cv)) {
4866 if (!CvWEAKOUTSIDE(cv))
4867 SvREFCNT_dec(CvOUTSIDE(cv));
4868 CvOUTSIDE(cv) = NULL;
4871 SvREFCNT_dec((SV*)CvXSUBANY(cv).any_ptr);
4874 if (CvISXSUB(cv) && CvXSUB(cv)) {
4877 /* delete all flags except WEAKOUTSIDE */
4878 CvFLAGS(cv) &= CVf_WEAKOUTSIDE;
4882 Perl_cv_ckproto_len(pTHX_ const CV *cv, const GV *gv, const char *p,
4885 /* Can't just use a strcmp on the prototype, as CONSTSUBs "cheat" by
4886 relying on SvCUR, and doubling up the buffer to hold CvFILE(). */
4887 if (((!p != !SvPOK(cv)) /* One has prototype, one has not. */
4888 || (p && (len != SvCUR(cv) /* Not the same length. */
4889 || memNE(p, SvPVX_const(cv), len))))
4890 && ckWARN_d(WARN_PROTOTYPE)) {
4891 SV* const msg = sv_newmortal();
4895 gv_efullname3(name = sv_newmortal(), gv, NULL);
4896 sv_setpvs(msg, "Prototype mismatch:");
4898 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ msg, " sub %"SVf, SVfARG(name));
4900 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ msg, " (%"SVf")", SVfARG(cv));
4902 sv_catpvs(msg, ": none");
4903 sv_catpvs(msg, " vs ");
4905 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ msg, "(%.*s)", (int) len, p);
4907 sv_catpvs(msg, "none");
4908 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_PROTOTYPE), "%"SVf, SVfARG(msg));
4912 static void const_sv_xsub(pTHX_ CV* cv);
4916 =head1 Optree Manipulation Functions
4918 =for apidoc cv_const_sv
4920 If C<cv> is a constant sub eligible for inlining. returns the constant
4921 value returned by the sub. Otherwise, returns NULL.
4923 Constant subs can be created with C<newCONSTSUB> or as described in
4924 L<perlsub/"Constant Functions">.
4929 Perl_cv_const_sv(pTHX_ CV *cv)
4931 PERL_UNUSED_CONTEXT;
4934 if (!(SvTYPE(cv) == SVt_PVCV || SvTYPE(cv) == SVt_PVFM))
4936 return CvCONST(cv) ? (SV*)CvXSUBANY(cv).any_ptr : NULL;
4939 /* op_const_sv: examine an optree to determine whether it's in-lineable.
4940 * Can be called in 3 ways:
4943 * look for a single OP_CONST with attached value: return the value
4945 * cv && CvCLONE(cv) && !CvCONST(cv)
4947 * examine the clone prototype, and if contains only a single
4948 * OP_CONST referencing a pad const, or a single PADSV referencing
4949 * an outer lexical, return a non-zero value to indicate the CV is
4950 * a candidate for "constizing" at clone time
4954 * We have just cloned an anon prototype that was marked as a const
4955 * candidiate. Try to grab the current value, and in the case of
4956 * PADSV, ignore it if it has multiple references. Return the value.
4960 Perl_op_const_sv(pTHX_ const OP *o, CV *cv)
4968 if (o->op_type == OP_LINESEQ && cLISTOPo->op_first)
4969 o = cLISTOPo->op_first->op_sibling;
4971 for (; o; o = o->op_next) {
4972 const OPCODE type = o->op_type;
4974 if (sv && o->op_next == o)
4976 if (o->op_next != o) {
4977 if (type == OP_NEXTSTATE || type == OP_NULL || type == OP_PUSHMARK)
4979 if (type == OP_DBSTATE)
4982 if (type == OP_LEAVESUB || type == OP_RETURN)
4986 if (type == OP_CONST && cSVOPo->op_sv)
4988 else if (cv && type == OP_CONST) {
4989 sv = PAD_BASE_SV(CvPADLIST(cv), o->op_targ);
4993 else if (cv && type == OP_PADSV) {
4994 if (CvCONST(cv)) { /* newly cloned anon */
4995 sv = PAD_BASE_SV(CvPADLIST(cv), o->op_targ);
4996 /* the candidate should have 1 ref from this pad and 1 ref
4997 * from the parent */
4998 if (!sv || SvREFCNT(sv) != 2)
5005 if (PAD_COMPNAME_FLAGS(o->op_targ) & SVf_FAKE)
5006 sv = &PL_sv_undef; /* an arbitrary non-null value */
5021 Perl_newMYSUB(pTHX_ I32 floor, OP *o, OP *proto, OP *attrs, OP *block)
5024 /* This would be the return value, but the return cannot be reached. */
5025 OP* pegop = newOP(OP_NULL, 0);
5028 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(floor);
5038 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "\"my sub\" not yet implemented");
5040 NORETURN_FUNCTION_END;
5045 Perl_newSUB(pTHX_ I32 floor, OP *o, OP *proto, OP *block)
5047 return Perl_newATTRSUB(aTHX_ floor, o, proto, NULL, block);
5051 Perl_newATTRSUB(pTHX_ I32 floor, OP *o, OP *proto, OP *attrs, OP *block)
5058 register CV *cv = NULL;
5060 /* If the subroutine has no body, no attributes, and no builtin attributes
5061 then it's just a sub declaration, and we may be able to get away with
5062 storing with a placeholder scalar in the symbol table, rather than a
5063 full GV and CV. If anything is present then it will take a full CV to
5065 const I32 gv_fetch_flags
5066 = (block || attrs || (CvFLAGS(PL_compcv) & CVf_BUILTIN_ATTRS)
5068 ? GV_ADDMULTI : GV_ADDMULTI | GV_NOINIT;
5069 const char * const name = o ? SvPVx_nolen_const(cSVOPo->op_sv) : NULL;
5072 assert(proto->op_type == OP_CONST);
5073 ps = SvPVx_const(((SVOP*)proto)->op_sv, ps_len);
5078 if (!name && PERLDB_NAMEANON && CopLINE(PL_curcop)) {
5079 SV * const sv = sv_newmortal();
5080 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ sv, "%s[%s:%"IVdf"]",
5081 PL_curstash ? "__ANON__" : "__ANON__::__ANON__",
5082 CopFILE(PL_curcop), (IV)CopLINE(PL_curcop));
5083 aname = SvPVX_const(sv);
5088 gv = name ? gv_fetchsv(cSVOPo->op_sv, gv_fetch_flags, SVt_PVCV)
5089 : gv_fetchpv(aname ? aname
5090 : (PL_curstash ? "__ANON__" : "__ANON__::__ANON__"),
5091 gv_fetch_flags, SVt_PVCV);
5093 if (!PL_madskills) {
5102 if (SvTYPE(gv) != SVt_PVGV) { /* Maybe prototype now, and had at
5103 maximum a prototype before. */
5104 if (SvTYPE(gv) > SVt_NULL) {
5105 if (!SvPOK((SV*)gv) && !(SvIOK((SV*)gv) && SvIVX((SV*)gv) == -1)
5106 && ckWARN_d(WARN_PROTOTYPE))
5108 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_PROTOTYPE), "Runaway prototype");
5110 cv_ckproto_len((CV*)gv, NULL, ps, ps_len);
5113 sv_setpvn((SV*)gv, ps, ps_len);
5115 sv_setiv((SV*)gv, -1);
5116 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compcv);
5117 cv = PL_compcv = NULL;
5118 PL_sub_generation++;
5122 cv = (!name || GvCVGEN(gv)) ? NULL : GvCV(gv);
5124 #ifdef GV_UNIQUE_CHECK
5125 if (cv && GvUNIQUE(gv) && SvREADONLY(cv)) {
5126 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't define subroutine %s (GV is unique)", name);
5130 if (!block || !ps || *ps || attrs
5131 || (CvFLAGS(PL_compcv) & CVf_BUILTIN_ATTRS)
5133 || block->op_type == OP_NULL
5138 const_sv = op_const_sv(block, NULL);
5141 const bool exists = CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv);
5143 #ifdef GV_UNIQUE_CHECK
5144 if (exists && GvUNIQUE(gv)) {
5145 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't redefine unique subroutine %s", name);
5149 /* if the subroutine doesn't exist and wasn't pre-declared
5150 * with a prototype, assume it will be AUTOLOADed,
5151 * skipping the prototype check
5153 if (exists || SvPOK(cv))
5154 cv_ckproto_len(cv, gv, ps, ps_len);
5155 /* already defined (or promised)? */
5156 if (exists || GvASSUMECV(gv)) {
5159 || block->op_type == OP_NULL
5162 if (CvFLAGS(PL_compcv)) {
5163 /* might have had built-in attrs applied */
5164 CvFLAGS(cv) |= (CvFLAGS(PL_compcv) & CVf_BUILTIN_ATTRS);
5166 /* just a "sub foo;" when &foo is already defined */
5167 SAVEFREESV(PL_compcv);
5172 && block->op_type != OP_NULL
5175 if (ckWARN(WARN_REDEFINE)
5177 && (!const_sv || sv_cmp(cv_const_sv(cv), const_sv))))
5179 const line_t oldline = CopLINE(PL_curcop);
5180 if (PL_copline != NOLINE)
5181 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, PL_copline);
5182 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_REDEFINE),
5183 CvCONST(cv) ? "Constant subroutine %s redefined"
5184 : "Subroutine %s redefined", name);
5185 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
5188 if (!PL_minus_c) /* keep old one around for madskills */
5191 /* (PL_madskills unset in used file.) */
5199 SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void_NN(const_sv);
5201 assert(!CvROOT(cv) && !CvCONST(cv));
5202 sv_setpvn((SV*)cv, "", 0); /* prototype is "" */
5203 CvXSUBANY(cv).any_ptr = const_sv;
5204 CvXSUB(cv) = const_sv_xsub;
5210 cv = newCONSTSUB(NULL, name, const_sv);
5212 PL_sub_generation++;
5216 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compcv);
5224 /* Need to do a C<use attributes $stash_of_cv,\&cv,@attrs>
5225 * before we clobber PL_compcv.
5229 || block->op_type == OP_NULL
5233 /* Might have had built-in attributes applied -- propagate them. */
5234 CvFLAGS(cv) |= (CvFLAGS(PL_compcv) & CVf_BUILTIN_ATTRS);
5235 if (CvGV(cv) && GvSTASH(CvGV(cv)))
5236 stash = GvSTASH(CvGV(cv));
5237 else if (CvSTASH(cv))
5238 stash = CvSTASH(cv);
5240 stash = PL_curstash;
5243 /* possibly about to re-define existing subr -- ignore old cv */
5244 rcv = (SV*)PL_compcv;
5245 if (name && GvSTASH(gv))
5246 stash = GvSTASH(gv);
5248 stash = PL_curstash;
5250 apply_attrs(stash, rcv, attrs, FALSE);
5252 if (cv) { /* must reuse cv if autoloaded */
5259 || block->op_type == OP_NULL) && !PL_madskills
5262 /* got here with just attrs -- work done, so bug out */
5263 SAVEFREESV(PL_compcv);
5266 /* transfer PL_compcv to cv */
5268 CvFLAGS(cv) = CvFLAGS(PL_compcv);
5269 if (!CvWEAKOUTSIDE(cv))
5270 SvREFCNT_dec(CvOUTSIDE(cv));
5271 CvOUTSIDE(cv) = CvOUTSIDE(PL_compcv);
5272 CvOUTSIDE_SEQ(cv) = CvOUTSIDE_SEQ(PL_compcv);
5273 CvOUTSIDE(PL_compcv) = 0;
5274 CvPADLIST(cv) = CvPADLIST(PL_compcv);
5275 CvPADLIST(PL_compcv) = 0;
5276 /* inner references to PL_compcv must be fixed up ... */
5277 pad_fixup_inner_anons(CvPADLIST(cv), PL_compcv, cv);
5278 /* ... before we throw it away */
5279 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compcv);
5281 if (PERLDB_INTER)/* Advice debugger on the new sub. */
5282 ++PL_sub_generation;
5289 if (strEQ(name, "import")) {
5290 PL_formfeed = (SV*)cv;
5291 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_VOID), "%lx\n", (long)cv);
5295 PL_sub_generation++;
5299 CvFILE_set_from_cop(cv, PL_curcop);
5300 CvSTASH(cv) = PL_curstash;
5303 sv_setpvn((SV*)cv, ps, ps_len);
5305 if (PL_error_count) {
5309 const char *s = strrchr(name, ':');
5311 if (strEQ(s, "BEGIN")) {
5312 const char not_safe[] =
5313 "BEGIN not safe after errors--compilation aborted";
5314 if (PL_in_eval & EVAL_KEEPERR)
5315 Perl_croak(aTHX_ not_safe);
5317 /* force display of errors found but not reported */
5318 sv_catpv(ERRSV, not_safe);
5319 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%"SVf, SVfARG(ERRSV));
5329 CvROOT(cv) = newUNOP(OP_LEAVESUBLV, 0,
5330 mod(scalarseq(block), OP_LEAVESUBLV));
5331 block->op_attached = 1;
5334 /* This makes sub {}; work as expected. */
5335 if (block->op_type == OP_STUB) {
5336 OP* const newblock = newSTATEOP(0, NULL, 0);
5338 op_getmad(block,newblock,'B');
5345 block->op_attached = 1;
5346 CvROOT(cv) = newUNOP(OP_LEAVESUB, 0, scalarseq(block));
5348 CvROOT(cv)->op_private |= OPpREFCOUNTED;
5349 OpREFCNT_set(CvROOT(cv), 1);
5350 CvSTART(cv) = LINKLIST(CvROOT(cv));
5351 CvROOT(cv)->op_next = 0;
5352 CALL_PEEP(CvSTART(cv));
5354 /* now that optimizer has done its work, adjust pad values */
5356 pad_tidy(CvCLONE(cv) ? padtidy_SUBCLONE : padtidy_SUB);
5359 assert(!CvCONST(cv));
5360 if (ps && !*ps && op_const_sv(block, cv))
5364 if (name || aname) {
5365 if (PERLDB_SUBLINE && PL_curstash != PL_debstash) {
5366 SV * const sv = newSV(0);
5367 SV * const tmpstr = sv_newmortal();
5368 GV * const db_postponed = gv_fetchpvs("DB::postponed",
5369 GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV);
5372 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ sv, "%s:%ld-%ld",
5374 (long)PL_subline, (long)CopLINE(PL_curcop));
5375 gv_efullname3(tmpstr, gv, NULL);
5376 hv_store(GvHV(PL_DBsub), SvPVX_const(tmpstr), SvCUR(tmpstr), sv, 0);
5377 hv = GvHVn(db_postponed);
5378 if (HvFILL(hv) > 0 && hv_exists(hv, SvPVX_const(tmpstr), SvCUR(tmpstr))) {
5379 CV * const pcv = GvCV(db_postponed);
5385 call_sv((SV*)pcv, G_DISCARD);
5390 if (name && !PL_error_count)
5391 process_special_blocks(name, gv, cv);
5395 PL_copline = NOLINE;
5401 S_process_special_blocks(pTHX_ const char *const fullname, GV *const gv,
5404 const char *const colon = strrchr(fullname,':');
5405 const char *const name = colon ? colon + 1 : fullname;
5408 if (strEQ(name, "BEGIN")) {
5409 const I32 oldscope = PL_scopestack_ix;
5411 SAVECOPFILE(&PL_compiling);
5412 SAVECOPLINE(&PL_compiling);
5414 DEBUG_x( dump_sub(gv) );
5415 Perl_av_create_and_push(aTHX_ &PL_beginav, (SV*)cv);
5416 GvCV(gv) = 0; /* cv has been hijacked */
5417 call_list(oldscope, PL_beginav);
5419 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
5420 CopHINTS_set(&PL_compiling, PL_hints);
5427 if strEQ(name, "END") {
5428 DEBUG_x( dump_sub(gv) );
5429 Perl_av_create_and_unshift_one(aTHX_ &PL_endav, (SV*)cv);
5432 } else if (*name == 'U') {
5433 if (strEQ(name, "UNITCHECK")) {
5434 /* It's never too late to run a unitcheck block */
5435 Perl_av_create_and_unshift_one(aTHX_ &PL_unitcheckav, (SV*)cv);
5439 } else if (*name == 'C') {
5440 if (strEQ(name, "CHECK")) {
5441 if (PL_main_start && ckWARN(WARN_VOID))
5442 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_VOID),
5443 "Too late to run CHECK block");
5444 Perl_av_create_and_unshift_one(aTHX_ &PL_checkav, (SV*)cv);
5448 } else if (*name == 'I') {
5449 if (strEQ(name, "INIT")) {
5450 if (PL_main_start && ckWARN(WARN_VOID))
5451 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_VOID),
5452 "Too late to run INIT block");
5453 Perl_av_create_and_push(aTHX_ &PL_initav, (SV*)cv);
5459 DEBUG_x( dump_sub(gv) );
5460 GvCV(gv) = 0; /* cv has been hijacked */
5465 =for apidoc newCONSTSUB
5467 Creates a constant sub equivalent to Perl C<sub FOO () { 123 }> which is
5468 eligible for inlining at compile-time.
5474 Perl_newCONSTSUB(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, SV *sv)
5479 const char *const temp_p = CopFILE(PL_curcop);
5480 const STRLEN len = temp_p ? strlen(temp_p) : 0;
5482 SV *const temp_sv = CopFILESV(PL_curcop);
5484 const char *const temp_p = temp_sv ? SvPV_const(temp_sv, len) : NULL;
5486 char *const file = savepvn(temp_p, temp_p ? len : 0);
5490 SAVECOPLINE(PL_curcop);
5491 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, PL_copline);
5494 PL_hints &= ~HINT_BLOCK_SCOPE;
5497 SAVESPTR(PL_curstash);
5498 SAVECOPSTASH(PL_curcop);
5499 PL_curstash = stash;
5500 CopSTASH_set(PL_curcop,stash);
5503 /* file becomes the CvFILE. For an XS, it's supposed to be static storage,
5504 and so doesn't get free()d. (It's expected to be from the C pre-
5505 processor __FILE__ directive). But we need a dynamically allocated one,
5506 and we need it to get freed. */
5507 cv = newXS_flags(name, const_sv_xsub, file, "", XS_DYNAMIC_FILENAME);
5508 CvXSUBANY(cv).any_ptr = sv;
5514 CopSTASH_free(PL_curcop);
5522 Perl_newXS_flags(pTHX_ const char *name, XSUBADDR_t subaddr,
5523 const char *const filename, const char *const proto,
5526 CV *cv = newXS(name, subaddr, filename);
5528 if (flags & XS_DYNAMIC_FILENAME) {
5529 /* We need to "make arrangements" (ie cheat) to ensure that the
5530 filename lasts as long as the PVCV we just created, but also doesn't
5532 STRLEN filename_len = strlen(filename);
5533 STRLEN proto_and_file_len = filename_len;
5534 char *proto_and_file;
5538 proto_len = strlen(proto);
5539 proto_and_file_len += proto_len;
5541 Newx(proto_and_file, proto_and_file_len + 1, char);
5542 Copy(proto, proto_and_file, proto_len, char);
5543 Copy(filename, proto_and_file + proto_len, filename_len + 1, char);
5546 proto_and_file = savepvn(filename, filename_len);
5549 /* This gets free()d. :-) */
5550 sv_usepvn_flags((SV*)cv, proto_and_file, proto_and_file_len,
5551 SV_HAS_TRAILING_NUL);
5553 /* This gives us the correct prototype, rather than one with the
5554 file name appended. */
5555 SvCUR_set(cv, proto_len);
5559 CvFILE(cv) = proto_and_file + proto_len;
5561 sv_setpv((SV *)cv, proto);
5567 =for apidoc U||newXS
5569 Used by C<xsubpp> to hook up XSUBs as Perl subs. I<filename> needs to be
5570 static storage, as it is used directly as CvFILE(), without a copy being made.
5576 Perl_newXS(pTHX_ const char *name, XSUBADDR_t subaddr, const char *filename)
5579 GV * const gv = gv_fetchpv(name ? name :
5580 (PL_curstash ? "__ANON__" : "__ANON__::__ANON__"),
5581 GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVCV);
5585 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: no address for '%s' in '%s'", name, filename);
5587 if ((cv = (name ? GvCV(gv) : NULL))) {
5589 /* just a cached method */
5593 else if (CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv) || GvASSUMECV(gv)) {
5594 /* already defined (or promised) */
5595 /* XXX It's possible for this HvNAME_get to return null, and get passed into strEQ */
5596 if (ckWARN(WARN_REDEFINE)) {
5597 GV * const gvcv = CvGV(cv);
5599 HV * const stash = GvSTASH(gvcv);
5601 const char *redefined_name = HvNAME_get(stash);
5602 if ( strEQ(redefined_name,"autouse") ) {
5603 const line_t oldline = CopLINE(PL_curcop);
5604 if (PL_copline != NOLINE)
5605 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, PL_copline);
5606 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_REDEFINE),
5607 CvCONST(cv) ? "Constant subroutine %s redefined"
5608 : "Subroutine %s redefined"
5610 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
5620 if (cv) /* must reuse cv if autoloaded */
5623 cv = (CV*)newSV_type(SVt_PVCV);
5627 PL_sub_generation++;
5631 (void)gv_fetchfile(filename);
5632 CvFILE(cv) = (char *)filename; /* NOTE: not copied, as it is expected to be
5633 an external constant string */
5635 CvXSUB(cv) = subaddr;
5638 process_special_blocks(name, gv, cv);
5650 Perl_newFORM(pTHX_ I32 floor, OP *o, OP *block)
5655 OP* pegop = newOP(OP_NULL, 0);
5659 ? gv_fetchsv(cSVOPo->op_sv, GV_ADD, SVt_PVFM)
5660 : gv_fetchpvs("STDOUT", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PVFM);
5662 #ifdef GV_UNIQUE_CHECK
5664 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for form (GV is unique)");
5668 if ((cv = GvFORM(gv))) {
5669 if (ckWARN(WARN_REDEFINE)) {
5670 const line_t oldline = CopLINE(PL_curcop);
5671 if (PL_copline != NOLINE)
5672 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, PL_copline);
5673 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_REDEFINE),
5674 o ? "Format %"SVf" redefined"
5675 : "Format STDOUT redefined", SVfARG(cSVOPo->op_sv));
5676 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
5683 CvFILE_set_from_cop(cv, PL_curcop);
5686 pad_tidy(padtidy_FORMAT);
5687 CvROOT(cv) = newUNOP(OP_LEAVEWRITE, 0, scalarseq(block));
5688 CvROOT(cv)->op_private |= OPpREFCOUNTED;
5689 OpREFCNT_set(CvROOT(cv), 1);
5690 CvSTART(cv) = LINKLIST(CvROOT(cv));
5691 CvROOT(cv)->op_next = 0;
5692 CALL_PEEP(CvSTART(cv));
5694 op_getmad(o,pegop,'n');
5695 op_getmad_weak(block, pegop, 'b');
5699 PL_copline = NOLINE;
5707 Perl_newANONLIST(pTHX_ OP *o)
5709 return convert(OP_ANONLIST, OPf_SPECIAL, o);
5713 Perl_newANONHASH(pTHX_ OP *o)
5715 return convert(OP_ANONHASH, OPf_SPECIAL, o);
5719 Perl_newANONSUB(pTHX_ I32 floor, OP *proto, OP *block)
5721 return newANONATTRSUB(floor, proto, NULL, block);
5725 Perl_newANONATTRSUB(pTHX_ I32 floor, OP *proto, OP *attrs, OP *block)
5727 return newUNOP(OP_REFGEN, 0,
5728 newSVOP(OP_ANONCODE, 0,
5729 (SV*)newATTRSUB(floor, 0, proto, attrs, block)));
5733 Perl_oopsAV(pTHX_ OP *o)
5736 switch (o->op_type) {
5738 o->op_type = OP_PADAV;
5739 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_PADAV];
5740 return ref(o, OP_RV2AV);
5743 o->op_type = OP_RV2AV;
5744 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_RV2AV];
5749 if (ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL))
5750 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL), "oops: oopsAV");
5757 Perl_oopsHV(pTHX_ OP *o)
5760 switch (o->op_type) {
5763 o->op_type = OP_PADHV;
5764 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_PADHV];
5765 return ref(o, OP_RV2HV);
5769 o->op_type = OP_RV2HV;
5770 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_RV2HV];
5775 if (ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL))
5776 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL), "oops: oopsHV");
5783 Perl_newAVREF(pTHX_ OP *o)
5786 if (o->op_type == OP_PADANY) {
5787 o->op_type = OP_PADAV;
5788 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_PADAV];
5791 else if ((o->op_type == OP_RV2AV || o->op_type == OP_PADAV)
5792 && ckWARN(WARN_DEPRECATED)) {
5793 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEPRECATED),
5794 "Using an array as a reference is deprecated");
5796 return newUNOP(OP_RV2AV, 0, scalar(o));
5800 Perl_newGVREF(pTHX_ I32 type, OP *o)
5802 if (type == OP_MAPSTART || type == OP_GREPSTART || type == OP_SORT)
5803 return newUNOP(OP_NULL, 0, o);
5804 return ref(newUNOP(OP_RV2GV, OPf_REF, o), type);
5808 Perl_newHVREF(pTHX_ OP *o)
5811 if (o->op_type == OP_PADANY) {
5812 o->op_type = OP_PADHV;
5813 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_PADHV];
5816 else if ((o->op_type == OP_RV2HV || o->op_type == OP_PADHV)
5817 && ckWARN(WARN_DEPRECATED)) {
5818 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEPRECATED),
5819 "Using a hash as a reference is deprecated");
5821 return newUNOP(OP_RV2HV, 0, scalar(o));
5825 Perl_newCVREF(pTHX_ I32 flags, OP *o)
5827 return newUNOP(OP_RV2CV, flags, scalar(o));
5831 Perl_newSVREF(pTHX_ OP *o)
5834 if (o->op_type == OP_PADANY) {
5835 o->op_type = OP_PADSV;
5836 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_PADSV];
5839 return newUNOP(OP_RV2SV, 0, scalar(o));
5842 /* Check routines. See the comments at the top of this file for details
5843 * on when these are called */
5846 Perl_ck_anoncode(pTHX_ OP *o)
5848 cSVOPo->op_targ = pad_add_anon(cSVOPo->op_sv, o->op_type);
5850 cSVOPo->op_sv = NULL;
5855 Perl_ck_bitop(pTHX_ OP *o)
5858 #define OP_IS_NUMCOMPARE(op) \
5859 ((op) == OP_LT || (op) == OP_I_LT || \
5860 (op) == OP_GT || (op) == OP_I_GT || \
5861 (op) == OP_LE || (op) == OP_I_LE || \
5862 (op) == OP_GE || (op) == OP_I_GE || \
5863 (op) == OP_EQ || (op) == OP_I_EQ || \
5864 (op) == OP_NE || (op) == OP_I_NE || \
5865 (op) == OP_NCMP || (op) == OP_I_NCMP)
5866 o->op_private = (U8)(PL_hints & HINT_INTEGER);
5867 if (!(o->op_flags & OPf_STACKED) /* Not an assignment */
5868 && (o->op_type == OP_BIT_OR
5869 || o->op_type == OP_BIT_AND
5870 || o->op_type == OP_BIT_XOR))
5872 const OP * const left = cBINOPo->op_first;
5873 const OP * const right = left->op_sibling;
5874 if ((OP_IS_NUMCOMPARE(left->op_type) &&
5875 (left->op_flags & OPf_PARENS) == 0) ||
5876 (OP_IS_NUMCOMPARE(right->op_type) &&
5877 (right->op_flags & OPf_PARENS) == 0))
5878 if (ckWARN(WARN_PRECEDENCE))
5879 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_PRECEDENCE),
5880 "Possible precedence problem on bitwise %c operator",
5881 o->op_type == OP_BIT_OR ? '|'
5882 : o->op_type == OP_BIT_AND ? '&' : '^'
5889 Perl_ck_concat(pTHX_ OP *o)
5891 const OP * const kid = cUNOPo->op_first;
5892 PERL_UNUSED_CONTEXT;
5893 if (kid->op_type == OP_CONCAT && !(kid->op_private & OPpTARGET_MY) &&
5894 !(kUNOP->op_first->op_flags & OPf_MOD))
5895 o->op_flags |= OPf_STACKED;
5900 Perl_ck_spair(pTHX_ OP *o)
5903 if (o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) {
5906 const OPCODE type = o->op_type;
5907 o = modkids(ck_fun(o), type);
5908 kid = cUNOPo->op_first;
5909 newop = kUNOP->op_first->op_sibling;
5911 const OPCODE type = newop->op_type;
5912 if (newop->op_sibling || !(PL_opargs[type] & OA_RETSCALAR) ||
5913 type == OP_PADAV || type == OP_PADHV ||
5914 type == OP_RV2AV || type == OP_RV2HV)
5918 op_getmad(kUNOP->op_first,newop,'K');
5920 op_free(kUNOP->op_first);
5922 kUNOP->op_first = newop;
5924 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[++o->op_type];
5929 Perl_ck_delete(pTHX_ OP *o)
5933 if (o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) {
5934 OP * const kid = cUNOPo->op_first;
5935 switch (kid->op_type) {
5937 o->op_flags |= OPf_SPECIAL;
5940 o->op_private |= OPpSLICE;
5943 o->op_flags |= OPf_SPECIAL;
5948 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element or slice",
5957 Perl_ck_die(pTHX_ OP *o)
5960 if (VMSISH_HUSHED) o->op_private |= OPpHUSH_VMSISH;
5966 Perl_ck_eof(pTHX_ OP *o)
5970 if (o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) {
5971 if (cLISTOPo->op_first->op_type == OP_STUB) {
5973 = newUNOP(o->op_type, OPf_SPECIAL, newGVOP(OP_GV, 0, PL_argvgv));
5975 op_getmad(o,newop,'O');
5987 Perl_ck_eval(pTHX_ OP *o)
5990 PL_hints |= HINT_BLOCK_SCOPE;
5991 if (o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) {
5992 SVOP * const kid = (SVOP*)cUNOPo->op_first;
5995 o->op_flags &= ~OPf_KIDS;
5998 else if (kid->op_type == OP_LINESEQ || kid->op_type == OP_STUB) {
6004 cUNOPo->op_first = 0;
6009 NewOp(1101, enter, 1, LOGOP);
6010 enter->op_type = OP_ENTERTRY;
6011 enter->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_ENTERTRY];
6012 enter->op_private = 0;
6014 /* establish postfix order */
6015 enter->op_next = (OP*)enter;
6017 o = prepend_elem(OP_LINESEQ, (OP*)enter, (OP*)kid);
6018 o->op_type = OP_LEAVETRY;
6019 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_LEAVETRY];
6020 enter->op_other = o;
6021 op_getmad(oldo,o,'O');
6035 o = newUNOP(OP_ENTEREVAL, 0, newDEFSVOP());
6036 op_getmad(oldo,o,'O');
6038 o->op_targ = (PADOFFSET)PL_hints;
6039 if ((PL_hints & HINT_LOCALIZE_HH) != 0 && GvHV(PL_hintgv)) {
6040 /* Store a copy of %^H that pp_entereval can pick up.
6041 OPf_SPECIAL flags the opcode as being for this purpose,
6042 so that it in turn will return a copy at every
6044 OP *hhop = newSVOP(OP_CONST, OPf_SPECIAL,
6045 (SV*)Perl_hv_copy_hints_hv(aTHX_ GvHV(PL_hintgv)));
6046 cUNOPo->op_first->op_sibling = hhop;
6047 o->op_private |= OPpEVAL_HAS_HH;
6053 Perl_ck_exit(pTHX_ OP *o)
6056 HV * const table = GvHV(PL_hintgv);
6058 SV * const * const svp = hv_fetchs(table, "vmsish_exit", FALSE);
6059 if (svp && *svp && SvTRUE(*svp))
6060 o->op_private |= OPpEXIT_VMSISH;
6062 if (VMSISH_HUSHED) o->op_private |= OPpHUSH_VMSISH;
6068 Perl_ck_exec(pTHX_ OP *o)
6070 if (o->op_flags & OPf_STACKED) {
6073 kid = cUNOPo->op_first->op_sibling;
6074 if (kid->op_type == OP_RV2GV)
6083 Perl_ck_exists(pTHX_ OP *o)
6087 if (o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) {
6088 OP * const kid = cUNOPo->op_first;
6089 if (kid->op_type == OP_ENTERSUB) {
6090 (void) ref(kid, o->op_type);
6091 if (kid->op_type != OP_RV2CV && !PL_error_count)
6092 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s argument is not a subroutine name",
6094 o->op_private |= OPpEXISTS_SUB;
6096 else if (kid->op_type == OP_AELEM)
6097 o->op_flags |= OPf_SPECIAL;
6098 else if (kid->op_type != OP_HELEM)
6099 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element",
6107 Perl_ck_rvconst(pTHX_ register OP *o)
6110 SVOP * const kid = (SVOP*)cUNOPo->op_first;
6112 o->op_private |= (PL_hints & HINT_STRICT_REFS);
6113 if (o->op_type == OP_RV2CV)
6114 o->op_private &= ~1;
6116 if (kid->op_type == OP_CONST) {
6119 SV * const kidsv = kid->op_sv;
6121 /* Is it a constant from cv_const_sv()? */
6122 if (SvROK(kidsv) && SvREADONLY(kidsv)) {
6123 SV * const rsv = SvRV(kidsv);
6124 const svtype type = SvTYPE(rsv);
6125 const char *badtype = NULL;
6127 switch (o->op_type) {
6129 if (type > SVt_PVMG)
6130 badtype = "a SCALAR";
6133 if (type != SVt_PVAV)
6134 badtype = "an ARRAY";
6137 if (type != SVt_PVHV)
6141 if (type != SVt_PVCV)
6146 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Constant is not %s reference", badtype);
6149 else if ((o->op_type == OP_RV2HV || o->op_type == OP_RV2SV) &&
6150 (PL_hints & HINT_STRICT_REFS) && SvPOK(kidsv)) {
6151 /* If this is an access to a stash, disable "strict refs", because
6152 * stashes aren't auto-vivified at compile-time (unless we store
6153 * symbols in them), and we don't want to produce a run-time
6154 * stricture error when auto-vivifying the stash. */
6155 const char *s = SvPV_nolen(kidsv);
6156 const STRLEN l = SvCUR(kidsv);
6157 if (l > 1 && s[l-1] == ':' && s[l-2] == ':')
6158 o->op_private &= ~HINT_STRICT_REFS;
6160 if ((o->op_private & HINT_STRICT_REFS) && (kid->op_private & OPpCONST_BARE)) {
6161 const char *badthing;
6162 switch (o->op_type) {
6164 badthing = "a SCALAR";
6167 badthing = "an ARRAY";
6170 badthing = "a HASH";
6178 "Can't use bareword (\"%"SVf"\") as %s ref while \"strict refs\" in use",
6179 SVfARG(kidsv), badthing);
6182 * This is a little tricky. We only want to add the symbol if we
6183 * didn't add it in the lexer. Otherwise we get duplicate strict
6184 * warnings. But if we didn't add it in the lexer, we must at
6185 * least pretend like we wanted to add it even if it existed before,
6186 * or we get possible typo warnings. OPpCONST_ENTERED says
6187 * whether the lexer already added THIS instance of this symbol.
6189 iscv = (o->op_type == OP_RV2CV) * 2;
6191 gv = gv_fetchsv(kidsv,
6192 iscv | !(kid->op_private & OPpCONST_ENTERED),
6195 : o->op_type == OP_RV2SV
6197 : o->op_type == OP_RV2AV
6199 : o->op_type == OP_RV2HV
6202 } while (!gv && !(kid->op_private & OPpCONST_ENTERED) && !iscv++);
6204 kid->op_type = OP_GV;
6205 SvREFCNT_dec(kid->op_sv);
6207 /* XXX hack: dependence on sizeof(PADOP) <= sizeof(SVOP) */
6208 kPADOP->op_padix = pad_alloc(OP_GV, SVs_PADTMP);
6209 SvREFCNT_dec(PAD_SVl(kPADOP->op_padix));
6211 PAD_SETSV(kPADOP->op_padix, (SV*) SvREFCNT_inc_simple_NN(gv));
6213 kid->op_sv = SvREFCNT_inc_simple_NN(gv);
6215 kid->op_private = 0;
6216 kid->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_GV];
6223 Perl_ck_ftst(pTHX_ OP *o)
6226 const I32 type = o->op_type;
6228 if (o->op_flags & OPf_REF) {
6231 else if (o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS && cUNOPo->op_first->op_type != OP_STUB) {
6232 SVOP * const kid = (SVOP*)cUNOPo->op_first;
6233 const OPCODE kidtype = kid->op_type;
6235 if (kidtype == OP_CONST && (kid->op_private & OPpCONST_BARE)) {
6236 OP * const newop = newGVOP(type, OPf_REF,
6237 gv_fetchsv(kid->op_sv, GV_ADD, SVt_PVIO));
6239 op_getmad(o,newop,'O');
6245 if ((PL_hints & HINT_FILETEST_ACCESS) && OP_IS_FILETEST_ACCESS(o))
6246 o->op_private |= OPpFT_ACCESS;
6247 if (PL_check[kidtype] == MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_ck_ftst)
6248 && kidtype != OP_STAT && kidtype != OP_LSTAT)
6249 o->op_private |= OPpFT_STACKED;
6257 if (type == OP_FTTTY)
6258 o = newGVOP(type, OPf_REF, PL_stdingv);
6260 o = newUNOP(type, 0, newDEFSVOP());
6261 op_getmad(oldo,o,'O');
6267 Perl_ck_fun(pTHX_ OP *o)
6270 const int type = o->op_type;
6271 register I32 oa = PL_opargs[type] >> OASHIFT;
6273 if (o->op_flags & OPf_STACKED) {
6274 if ((oa & OA_OPTIONAL) && (oa >> 4) && !((oa >> 4) & OA_OPTIONAL))
6277 return no_fh_allowed(o);
6280 if (o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) {
6281 OP **tokid = &cLISTOPo->op_first;
6282 register OP *kid = cLISTOPo->op_first;
6286 if (kid->op_type == OP_PUSHMARK ||
6287 (kid->op_type == OP_NULL && kid->op_targ == OP_PUSHMARK))
6289 tokid = &kid->op_sibling;
6290 kid = kid->op_sibling;
6292 if (!kid && PL_opargs[type] & OA_DEFGV)
6293 *tokid = kid = newDEFSVOP();
6297 sibl = kid->op_sibling;
6299 if (!sibl && kid->op_type == OP_STUB) {
6306 /* list seen where single (scalar) arg expected? */
6307 if (numargs == 1 && !(oa >> 4)
6308 && kid->op_type == OP_LIST && type != OP_SCALAR)
6310 return too_many_arguments(o,PL_op_desc[type]);
6323 if ((type == OP_PUSH || type == OP_UNSHIFT)
6324 && !kid->op_sibling && ckWARN(WARN_SYNTAX))
6325 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_SYNTAX),
6326 "Useless use of %s with no values",
6329 if (kid->op_type == OP_CONST &&
6330 (kid->op_private & OPpCONST_BARE))
6332 OP * const newop = newAVREF(newGVOP(OP_GV, 0,
6333 gv_fetchsv(((SVOP*)kid)->op_sv, GV_ADD, SVt_PVAV) ));
6334 if (ckWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX))
6335 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX),
6336 "Array @%"SVf" missing the @ in argument %"IVdf" of %s()",
6337 SVfARG(((SVOP*)kid)->op_sv), (IV)numargs, PL_op_desc[type]);
6339 op_getmad(kid,newop,'K');
6344 kid->op_sibling = sibl;
6347 else if (kid->op_type != OP_RV2AV && kid->op_type != OP_PADAV)
6348 bad_type(numargs, "array", PL_op_desc[type], kid);
6352 if (kid->op_type == OP_CONST &&
6353 (kid->op_private & OPpCONST_BARE))
6355 OP * const newop = newHVREF(newGVOP(OP_GV, 0,
6356 gv_fetchsv(((SVOP*)kid)->op_sv, GV_ADD, SVt_PVHV) ));
6357 if (ckWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX))
6358 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX),
6359 "Hash %%%"SVf" missing the %% in argument %"IVdf" of %s()",
6360 SVfARG(((SVOP*)kid)->op_sv), (IV)numargs, PL_op_desc[type]);
6362 op_getmad(kid,newop,'K');
6367 kid->op_sibling = sibl;
6370 else if (kid->op_type != OP_RV2HV && kid->op_type != OP_PADHV)
6371 bad_type(numargs, "hash", PL_op_desc[type], kid);
6376 OP * const newop = newUNOP(OP_NULL, 0, kid);
6377 kid->op_sibling = 0;
6379 newop->op_next = newop;
6381 kid->op_sibling = sibl;
6386 if (kid->op_type != OP_GV && kid->op_type != OP_RV2GV) {
6387 if (kid->op_type == OP_CONST &&
6388 (kid->op_private & OPpCONST_BARE))
6390 OP * const newop = newGVOP(OP_GV, 0,
6391 gv_fetchsv(((SVOP*)kid)->op_sv, GV_ADD, SVt_PVIO));
6392 if (!(o->op_private & 1) && /* if not unop */
6393 kid == cLISTOPo->op_last)
6394 cLISTOPo->op_last = newop;
6396 op_getmad(kid,newop,'K');
6402 else if (kid->op_type == OP_READLINE) {
6403 /* neophyte patrol: open(<FH>), close(<FH>) etc. */
6404 bad_type(numargs, "HANDLE", OP_DESC(o), kid);
6407 I32 flags = OPf_SPECIAL;
6411 /* is this op a FH constructor? */
6412 if (is_handle_constructor(o,numargs)) {
6413 const char *name = NULL;
6417 /* Set a flag to tell rv2gv to vivify
6418 * need to "prove" flag does not mean something
6419 * else already - NI-S 1999/05/07
6422 if (kid->op_type == OP_PADSV) {
6424 = PAD_COMPNAME_SV(kid->op_targ);
6425 name = SvPV_const(namesv, len);
6427 else if (kid->op_type == OP_RV2SV
6428 && kUNOP->op_first->op_type == OP_GV)
6430 GV * const gv = cGVOPx_gv(kUNOP->op_first);
6432 len = GvNAMELEN(gv);
6434 else if (kid->op_type == OP_AELEM
6435 || kid->op_type == OP_HELEM)
6438 OP *op = ((BINOP*)kid)->op_first;
6442 const char * const a =
6443 kid->op_type == OP_AELEM ?
6445 if (((op->op_type == OP_RV2AV) ||
6446 (op->op_type == OP_RV2HV)) &&
6447 (firstop = ((UNOP*)op)->op_first) &&
6448 (firstop->op_type == OP_GV)) {
6449 /* packagevar $a[] or $h{} */
6450 GV * const gv = cGVOPx_gv(firstop);
6458 else if (op->op_type == OP_PADAV
6459 || op->op_type == OP_PADHV) {
6460 /* lexicalvar $a[] or $h{} */
6461 const char * const padname =
6462 PAD_COMPNAME_PV(op->op_targ);
6471 name = SvPV_const(tmpstr, len);
6476 name = "__ANONIO__";
6483 targ = pad_alloc(OP_RV2GV, SVs_PADTMP);
6484 namesv = PAD_SVl(targ);
6485 SvUPGRADE(namesv, SVt_PV);
6487 sv_setpvn(namesv, "$", 1);
6488 sv_catpvn(namesv, name, len);
6491 kid->op_sibling = 0;
6492 kid = newUNOP(OP_RV2GV, flags, scalar(kid));
6493 kid->op_targ = targ;
6494 kid->op_private |= priv;
6496 kid->op_sibling = sibl;
6502 mod(scalar(kid), type);
6506 tokid = &kid->op_sibling;
6507 kid = kid->op_sibling;
6510 if (kid && kid->op_type != OP_STUB)
6511 return too_many_arguments(o,OP_DESC(o));
6512 o->op_private |= numargs;
6514 /* FIXME - should the numargs move as for the PERL_MAD case? */
6515 o->op_private |= numargs;
6517 return too_many_arguments(o,OP_DESC(o));
6521 else if (PL_opargs[type] & OA_DEFGV) {
6523 OP *newop = newUNOP(type, 0, newDEFSVOP());
6524 op_getmad(o,newop,'O');
6527 /* Ordering of these two is important to keep f_map.t passing. */
6529 return newUNOP(type, 0, newDEFSVOP());
6534 while (oa & OA_OPTIONAL)
6536 if (oa && oa != OA_LIST)
6537 return too_few_arguments(o,OP_DESC(o));
6543 Perl_ck_glob(pTHX_ OP *o)
6549 if ((o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) && !cLISTOPo->op_first->op_sibling)
6550 append_elem(OP_GLOB, o, newDEFSVOP());
6552 if (!((gv = gv_fetchpvs("glob", GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PVCV))
6553 && GvCVu(gv) && GvIMPORTED_CV(gv)))
6555 gv = gv_fetchpvs("CORE::GLOBAL::glob", 0, SVt_PVCV);
6558 #if !defined(PERL_EXTERNAL_GLOB)
6559 /* XXX this can be tightened up and made more failsafe. */
6560 if (!(gv && GvCVu(gv) && GvIMPORTED_CV(gv))) {
6563 Perl_load_module(aTHX_ PERL_LOADMOD_NOIMPORT,
6564 newSVpvs("File::Glob"), NULL, NULL, NULL);
6565 gv = gv_fetchpvs("CORE::GLOBAL::glob", 0, SVt_PVCV);
6566 glob_gv = gv_fetchpvs("File::Glob::csh_glob", 0, SVt_PVCV);
6567 GvCV(gv) = GvCV(glob_gv);
6568 SvREFCNT_inc_void((SV*)GvCV(gv));
6569 GvIMPORTED_CV_on(gv);
6572 #endif /* PERL_EXTERNAL_GLOB */
6574 if (gv && GvCVu(gv) && GvIMPORTED_CV(gv)) {
6575 append_elem(OP_GLOB, o,
6576 newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, newSViv(PL_glob_index++)));
6577 o->op_type = OP_LIST;
6578 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_LIST];
6579 cLISTOPo->op_first->op_type = OP_PUSHMARK;
6580 cLISTOPo->op_first->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_PUSHMARK];
6581 cLISTOPo->op_first->op_targ = 0;
6582 o = newUNOP(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_STACKED,
6583 append_elem(OP_LIST, o,
6584 scalar(newUNOP(OP_RV2CV, 0,
6585 newGVOP(OP_GV, 0, gv)))));
6586 o = newUNOP(OP_NULL, 0, ck_subr(o));
6587 o->op_targ = OP_GLOB; /* hint at what it used to be */
6590 gv = newGVgen("main");
6592 append_elem(OP_GLOB, o, newGVOP(OP_GV, 0, gv));
6598 Perl_ck_grep(pTHX_ OP *o)
6603 const OPCODE type = o->op_type == OP_GREPSTART ? OP_GREPWHILE : OP_MAPWHILE;
6606 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_GREPSTART];
6607 /* don't allocate gwop here, as we may leak it if PL_error_count > 0 */
6609 if (o->op_flags & OPf_STACKED) {
6612 kid = cLISTOPo->op_first->op_sibling;
6613 if (!cUNOPx(kid)->op_next)
6614 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: ck_grep");
6615 for (k = cUNOPx(kid)->op_first; k; k = k->op_next) {
6618 NewOp(1101, gwop, 1, LOGOP);
6619 kid->op_next = (OP*)gwop;
6620 o->op_flags &= ~OPf_STACKED;
6622 kid = cLISTOPo->op_first->op_sibling;
6623 if (type == OP_MAPWHILE)
6630 kid = cLISTOPo->op_first->op_sibling;
6631 if (kid->op_type != OP_NULL)
6632 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: ck_grep");
6633 kid = kUNOP->op_first;
6636 NewOp(1101, gwop, 1, LOGOP);
6637 gwop->op_type = type;
6638 gwop->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[type];
6639 gwop->op_first = listkids(o);
6640 gwop->op_flags |= OPf_KIDS;
6641 gwop->op_other = LINKLIST(kid);
6642 kid->op_next = (OP*)gwop;
6643 offset = pad_findmy("$_");
6644 if (offset == NOT_IN_PAD || PAD_COMPNAME_FLAGS_isOUR(offset)) {
6645 o->op_private = gwop->op_private = 0;
6646 gwop->op_targ = pad_alloc(type, SVs_PADTMP);
6649 o->op_private = gwop->op_private = OPpGREP_LEX;
6650 gwop->op_targ = o->op_targ = offset;
6653 kid = cLISTOPo->op_first->op_sibling;
6654 if (!kid || !kid->op_sibling)
6655 return too_few_arguments(o,OP_DESC(o));
6656 for (kid = kid->op_sibling; kid; kid = kid->op_sibling)
6657 mod(kid, OP_GREPSTART);
6663 Perl_ck_index(pTHX_ OP *o)
6665 if (o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) {
6666 OP *kid = cLISTOPo->op_first->op_sibling; /* get past pushmark */
6668 kid = kid->op_sibling; /* get past "big" */
6669 if (kid && kid->op_type == OP_CONST)
6670 fbm_compile(((SVOP*)kid)->op_sv, 0);
6676 Perl_ck_lengthconst(pTHX_ OP *o)
6678 /* XXX length optimization goes here */
6683 Perl_ck_lfun(pTHX_ OP *o)
6685 const OPCODE type = o->op_type;
6686 return modkids(ck_fun(o), type);
6690 Perl_ck_defined(pTHX_ OP *o) /* 19990527 MJD */
6692 if ((o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) && ckWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX)) {
6693 switch (cUNOPo->op_first->op_type) {
6695 /* This is needed for
6696 if (defined %stash::)
6697 to work. Do not break Tk.
6699 break; /* Globals via GV can be undef */
6701 case OP_AASSIGN: /* Is this a good idea? */
6702 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX),
6703 "defined(@array) is deprecated");
6704 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX),
6705 "\t(Maybe you should just omit the defined()?)\n");
6708 /* This is needed for
6709 if (defined %stash::)
6710 to work. Do not break Tk.
6712 break; /* Globals via GV can be undef */
6714 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX),
6715 "defined(%%hash) is deprecated");
6716 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX),
6717 "\t(Maybe you should just omit the defined()?)\n");
6728 Perl_ck_readline(pTHX_ OP *o)
6730 if (!(o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS)) {
6732 = newUNOP(OP_READLINE, 0, newGVOP(OP_GV, 0, PL_argvgv));
6734 op_getmad(o,newop,'O');
6744 Perl_ck_rfun(pTHX_ OP *o)
6746 const OPCODE type = o->op_type;
6747 return refkids(ck_fun(o), type);
6751 Perl_ck_listiob(pTHX_ OP *o)
6755 kid = cLISTOPo->op_first;
6758 kid = cLISTOPo->op_first;
6760 if (kid->op_type == OP_PUSHMARK)
6761 kid = kid->op_sibling;
6762 if (kid && o->op_flags & OPf_STACKED)
6763 kid = kid->op_sibling;
6764 else if (kid && !kid->op_sibling) { /* print HANDLE; */
6765 if (kid->op_type == OP_CONST && kid->op_private & OPpCONST_BARE) {
6766 o->op_flags |= OPf_STACKED; /* make it a filehandle */
6767 kid = newUNOP(OP_RV2GV, OPf_REF, scalar(kid));
6768 cLISTOPo->op_first->op_sibling = kid;
6769 cLISTOPo->op_last = kid;
6770 kid = kid->op_sibling;
6775 append_elem(o->op_type, o, newDEFSVOP());
6781 Perl_ck_smartmatch(pTHX_ OP *o)
6784 if (0 == (o->op_flags & OPf_SPECIAL)) {
6785 OP *first = cBINOPo->op_first;
6786 OP *second = first->op_sibling;
6788 /* Implicitly take a reference to an array or hash */
6789 first->op_sibling = NULL;
6790 first = cBINOPo->op_first = ref_array_or_hash(first);
6791 second = first->op_sibling = ref_array_or_hash(second);
6793 /* Implicitly take a reference to a regular expression */
6794 if (first->op_type == OP_MATCH) {
6795 first->op_type = OP_QR;
6796 first->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_QR];
6798 if (second->op_type == OP_MATCH) {
6799 second->op_type = OP_QR;
6800 second->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_QR];
6809 Perl_ck_sassign(pTHX_ OP *o)
6811 OP * const kid = cLISTOPo->op_first;
6812 /* has a disposable target? */
6813 if ((PL_opargs[kid->op_type] & OA_TARGLEX)
6814 && !(kid->op_flags & OPf_STACKED)
6815 /* Cannot steal the second time! */
6816 && !(kid->op_private & OPpTARGET_MY))
6818 OP * const kkid = kid->op_sibling;
6820 /* Can just relocate the target. */
6821 if (kkid && kkid->op_type == OP_PADSV
6822 && !(kkid->op_private & OPpLVAL_INTRO))
6824 kid->op_targ = kkid->op_targ;
6826 /* Now we do not need PADSV and SASSIGN. */
6827 kid->op_sibling = o->op_sibling; /* NULL */
6828 cLISTOPo->op_first = NULL;
6830 op_getmad(o,kid,'O');
6831 op_getmad(kkid,kid,'M');
6836 kid->op_private |= OPpTARGET_MY; /* Used for context settings */
6840 if (kid->op_sibling) {
6841 OP *kkid = kid->op_sibling;
6842 if (kkid->op_type == OP_PADSV
6843 && (kkid->op_private & OPpLVAL_INTRO)
6844 && SvPAD_STATE(*av_fetch(PL_comppad_name, kkid->op_targ, FALSE))) {
6845 o->op_private |= OPpASSIGN_STATE;
6846 /* hijacking PADSTALE for uninitialized state variables */
6847 SvPADSTALE_on(PAD_SVl(kkid->op_targ));
6854 Perl_ck_match(pTHX_ OP *o)
6857 if (o->op_type != OP_QR && PL_compcv) {
6858 const PADOFFSET offset = pad_findmy("$_");
6859 if (offset != NOT_IN_PAD && !(PAD_COMPNAME_FLAGS_isOUR(offset))) {
6860 o->op_targ = offset;
6861 o->op_private |= OPpTARGET_MY;
6864 if (o->op_type == OP_MATCH || o->op_type == OP_QR)
6865 o->op_private |= OPpRUNTIME;
6870 Perl_ck_method(pTHX_ OP *o)
6872 OP * const kid = cUNOPo->op_first;
6873 if (kid->op_type == OP_CONST) {
6874 SV* sv = kSVOP->op_sv;
6875 const char * const method = SvPVX_const(sv);
6876 if (!(strchr(method, ':') || strchr(method, '\''))) {
6878 if (!SvREADONLY(sv) || !SvFAKE(sv)) {
6879 sv = newSVpvn_share(method, SvCUR(sv), 0);
6882 kSVOP->op_sv = NULL;
6884 cmop = newSVOP(OP_METHOD_NAMED, 0, sv);
6886 op_getmad(o,cmop,'O');
6897 Perl_ck_null(pTHX_ OP *o)
6899 PERL_UNUSED_CONTEXT;
6904 Perl_ck_open(pTHX_ OP *o)
6907 HV * const table = GvHV(PL_hintgv);
6909 SV **svp = hv_fetchs(table, "open_IN", FALSE);
6911 const I32 mode = mode_from_discipline(*svp);
6912 if (mode & O_BINARY)
6913 o->op_private |= OPpOPEN_IN_RAW;
6914 else if (mode & O_TEXT)
6915 o->op_private |= OPpOPEN_IN_CRLF;
6918 svp = hv_fetchs(table, "open_OUT", FALSE);
6920 const I32 mode = mode_from_discipline(*svp);
6921 if (mode & O_BINARY)
6922 o->op_private |= OPpOPEN_OUT_RAW;
6923 else if (mode & O_TEXT)
6924 o->op_private |= OPpOPEN_OUT_CRLF;
6927 if (o->op_type == OP_BACKTICK) {
6928 if (!(o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS)) {
6929 OP * const newop = newUNOP(OP_BACKTICK, 0, newDEFSVOP());
6931 op_getmad(o,newop,'O');
6940 /* In case of three-arg dup open remove strictness
6941 * from the last arg if it is a bareword. */
6942 OP * const first = cLISTOPx(o)->op_first; /* The pushmark. */
6943 OP * const last = cLISTOPx(o)->op_last; /* The bareword. */
6947 if ((last->op_type == OP_CONST) && /* The bareword. */
6948 (last->op_private & OPpCONST_BARE) &&
6949 (last->op_private & OPpCONST_STRICT) &&
6950 (oa = first->op_sibling) && /* The fh. */
6951 (oa = oa->op_sibling) && /* The mode. */
6952 (oa->op_type == OP_CONST) &&
6953 SvPOK(((SVOP*)oa)->op_sv) &&
6954 (mode = SvPVX_const(((SVOP*)oa)->op_sv)) &&
6955 mode[0] == '>' && mode[1] == '&' && /* A dup open. */
6956 (last == oa->op_sibling)) /* The bareword. */
6957 last->op_private &= ~OPpCONST_STRICT;
6963 Perl_ck_repeat(pTHX_ OP *o)
6965 if (cBINOPo->op_first->op_flags & OPf_PARENS) {
6966 o->op_private |= OPpREPEAT_DOLIST;
6967 cBINOPo->op_first = force_list(cBINOPo->op_first);
6975 Perl_ck_require(pTHX_ OP *o)
6980 if (o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) { /* Shall we supply missing .pm? */
6981 SVOP * const kid = (SVOP*)cUNOPo->op_first;
6983 if (kid->op_type == OP_CONST && (kid->op_private & OPpCONST_BARE)) {
6984 SV * const sv = kid->op_sv;
6985 U32 was_readonly = SvREADONLY(sv);
6990 sv_force_normal_flags(sv, 0);
6991 assert(!SvREADONLY(sv));
6998 for (s = SvPVX(sv); *s; s++) {
6999 if (*s == ':' && s[1] == ':') {
7000 const STRLEN len = strlen(s+2)+1;
7002 Move(s+2, s+1, len, char);
7003 SvCUR_set(sv, SvCUR(sv) - 1);
7006 sv_catpvs(sv, ".pm");
7007 SvFLAGS(sv) |= was_readonly;
7011 if (!(o->op_flags & OPf_SPECIAL)) { /* Wasn't written as CORE::require */
7012 /* handle override, if any */
7013 gv = gv_fetchpvs("require", GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PVCV);
7014 if (!(gv && GvCVu(gv) && GvIMPORTED_CV(gv))) {
7015 GV * const * const gvp = (GV**)hv_fetchs(PL_globalstash, "require", FALSE);
7016 gv = gvp ? *gvp : NULL;
7020 if (gv && GvCVu(gv) && GvIMPORTED_CV(gv)) {
7021 OP * const kid = cUNOPo->op_first;
7024 cUNOPo->op_first = 0;
7028 newop = ck_subr(newUNOP(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_STACKED,
7029 append_elem(OP_LIST, kid,
7030 scalar(newUNOP(OP_RV2CV, 0,
7033 op_getmad(o,newop,'O');
7041 Perl_ck_return(pTHX_ OP *o)
7044 if (CvLVALUE(PL_compcv)) {
7046 for (kid = cLISTOPo->op_first->op_sibling; kid; kid = kid->op_sibling)
7047 mod(kid, OP_LEAVESUBLV);
7053 Perl_ck_select(pTHX_ OP *o)
7057 if (o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) {
7058 kid = cLISTOPo->op_first->op_sibling; /* get past pushmark */
7059 if (kid && kid->op_sibling) {
7060 o->op_type = OP_SSELECT;
7061 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_SSELECT];
7063 return fold_constants(o);
7067 kid = cLISTOPo->op_first->op_sibling; /* get past pushmark */
7068 if (kid && kid->op_type == OP_RV2GV)
7069 kid->op_private &= ~HINT_STRICT_REFS;
7074 Perl_ck_shift(pTHX_ OP *o)
7077 const I32 type = o->op_type;
7079 if (!(o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS)) {
7081 /* FIXME - this can be refactored to reduce code in #ifdefs */
7083 OP * const oldo = o;
7087 argop = newUNOP(OP_RV2AV, 0,
7088 scalar(newGVOP(OP_GV, 0, CvUNIQUE(PL_compcv) ? PL_argvgv : PL_defgv)));
7090 o = newUNOP(type, 0, scalar(argop));
7091 op_getmad(oldo,o,'O');
7094 return newUNOP(type, 0, scalar(argop));
7097 return scalar(modkids(ck_fun(o), type));
7101 Perl_ck_sort(pTHX_ OP *o)
7106 if (o->op_type == OP_SORT && (PL_hints & HINT_LOCALIZE_HH) != 0) {
7107 HV * const hinthv = GvHV(PL_hintgv);
7109 SV ** const svp = hv_fetchs(hinthv, "sort", FALSE);
7111 const I32 sorthints = (I32)SvIV(*svp);
7112 if ((sorthints & HINT_SORT_QUICKSORT) != 0)
7113 o->op_private |= OPpSORT_QSORT;
7114 if ((sorthints & HINT_SORT_STABLE) != 0)
7115 o->op_private |= OPpSORT_STABLE;
7120 if (o->op_type == OP_SORT && o->op_flags & OPf_STACKED)
7122 firstkid = cLISTOPo->op_first->op_sibling; /* get past pushmark */
7123 if (o->op_flags & OPf_STACKED) { /* may have been cleared */
7125 OP *kid = cUNOPx(firstkid)->op_first; /* get past null */
7127 if (kid->op_type == OP_SCOPE || kid->op_type == OP_LEAVE) {
7129 if (kid->op_type == OP_SCOPE) {
7133 else if (kid->op_type == OP_LEAVE) {
7134 if (o->op_type == OP_SORT) {
7135 op_null(kid); /* wipe out leave */
7138 for (k = kLISTOP->op_first->op_next; k; k = k->op_next) {
7139 if (k->op_next == kid)
7141 /* don't descend into loops */
7142 else if (k->op_type == OP_ENTERLOOP
7143 || k->op_type == OP_ENTERITER)
7145 k = cLOOPx(k)->op_lastop;
7150 kid->op_next = 0; /* just disconnect the leave */
7151 k = kLISTOP->op_first;
7156 if (o->op_type == OP_SORT) {
7157 /* provide scalar context for comparison function/block */
7163 o->op_flags |= OPf_SPECIAL;
7165 else if (kid->op_type == OP_RV2SV || kid->op_type == OP_PADSV)
7168 firstkid = firstkid->op_sibling;
7171 /* provide list context for arguments */
7172 if (o->op_type == OP_SORT)
7179 S_simplify_sort(pTHX_ OP *o)
7182 register OP *kid = cLISTOPo->op_first->op_sibling; /* get past pushmark */
7187 if (!(o->op_flags & OPf_STACKED))
7189 GvMULTI_on(gv_fetchpvs("a", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PV));
7190 GvMULTI_on(gv_fetchpvs("b", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PV));
7191 kid = kUNOP->op_first; /* get past null */
7192 if (kid->op_type != OP_SCOPE)
7194 kid = kLISTOP->op_last; /* get past scope */
7195 switch(kid->op_type) {
7203 k = kid; /* remember this node*/
7204 if (kBINOP->op_first->op_type != OP_RV2SV)
7206 kid = kBINOP->op_first; /* get past cmp */
7207 if (kUNOP->op_first->op_type != OP_GV)
7209 kid = kUNOP->op_first; /* get past rv2sv */
7211 if (GvSTASH(gv) != PL_curstash)
7213 gvname = GvNAME(gv);
7214 if (*gvname == 'a' && gvname[1] == '\0')
7216 else if (*gvname == 'b' && gvname[1] == '\0')
7221 kid = k; /* back to cmp */
7222 if (kBINOP->op_last->op_type != OP_RV2SV)
7224 kid = kBINOP->op_last; /* down to 2nd arg */
7225 if (kUNOP->op_first->op_type != OP_GV)
7227 kid = kUNOP->op_first; /* get past rv2sv */
7229 if (GvSTASH(gv) != PL_curstash)
7231 gvname = GvNAME(gv);
7233 ? !(*gvname == 'a' && gvname[1] == '\0')
7234 : !(*gvname == 'b' && gvname[1] == '\0'))
7236 o->op_flags &= ~(OPf_STACKED | OPf_SPECIAL);
7238 o->op_private |= OPpSORT_DESCEND;
7239 if (k->op_type == OP_NCMP)
7240 o->op_private |= OPpSORT_NUMERIC;
7241 if (k->op_type == OP_I_NCMP)
7242 o->op_private |= OPpSORT_NUMERIC | OPpSORT_INTEGER;
7243 kid = cLISTOPo->op_first->op_sibling;
7244 cLISTOPo->op_first->op_sibling = kid->op_sibling; /* bypass old block */
7246 op_getmad(kid,o,'S'); /* then delete it */
7248 op_free(kid); /* then delete it */
7253 Perl_ck_split(pTHX_ OP *o)
7258 if (o->op_flags & OPf_STACKED)
7259 return no_fh_allowed(o);
7261 kid = cLISTOPo->op_first;
7262 if (kid->op_type != OP_NULL)
7263 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: ck_split");
7264 kid = kid->op_sibling;
7265 op_free(cLISTOPo->op_first);
7266 cLISTOPo->op_first = kid;
7268 cLISTOPo->op_first = kid = newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, newSVpvs(" "));
7269 cLISTOPo->op_last = kid; /* There was only one element previously */
7272 if (kid->op_type != OP_MATCH || kid->op_flags & OPf_STACKED) {
7273 OP * const sibl = kid->op_sibling;
7274 kid->op_sibling = 0;
7275 kid = pmruntime( newPMOP(OP_MATCH, OPf_SPECIAL), kid, 0);
7276 if (cLISTOPo->op_first == cLISTOPo->op_last)
7277 cLISTOPo->op_last = kid;
7278 cLISTOPo->op_first = kid;
7279 kid->op_sibling = sibl;
7282 kid->op_type = OP_PUSHRE;
7283 kid->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_PUSHRE];
7285 if (((PMOP *)kid)->op_pmflags & PMf_GLOBAL && ckWARN(WARN_REGEXP)) {
7286 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_REGEXP),
7287 "Use of /g modifier is meaningless in split");
7290 if (!kid->op_sibling)
7291 append_elem(OP_SPLIT, o, newDEFSVOP());
7293 kid = kid->op_sibling;
7296 if (!kid->op_sibling)
7297 append_elem(OP_SPLIT, o, newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, newSViv(0)));
7298 assert(kid->op_sibling);
7300 kid = kid->op_sibling;
7303 if (kid->op_sibling)
7304 return too_many_arguments(o,OP_DESC(o));
7310 Perl_ck_join(pTHX_ OP *o)
7312 const OP * const kid = cLISTOPo->op_first->op_sibling;
7313 if (kid && kid->op_type == OP_MATCH) {
7314 if (ckWARN(WARN_SYNTAX)) {
7315 const REGEXP *re = PM_GETRE(kPMOP);
7316 const char *pmstr = re ? re->precomp : "STRING";
7317 const STRLEN len = re ? re->prelen : 6;
7318 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_SYNTAX),
7319 "/%.*s/ should probably be written as \"%.*s\"",
7320 (int)len, pmstr, (int)len, pmstr);
7327 Perl_ck_subr(pTHX_ OP *o)
7330 OP *prev = ((cUNOPo->op_first->op_sibling)
7331 ? cUNOPo : ((UNOP*)cUNOPo->op_first))->op_first;
7332 OP *o2 = prev->op_sibling;
7334 const char *proto = NULL;
7335 const char *proto_end = NULL;
7340 I32 contextclass = 0;
7341 const char *e = NULL;
7344 o->op_private |= OPpENTERSUB_HASTARG;
7345 for (cvop = o2; cvop->op_sibling; cvop = cvop->op_sibling) ;
7346 if (cvop->op_type == OP_RV2CV) {
7348 o->op_private |= (cvop->op_private & OPpENTERSUB_AMPER);
7349 op_null(cvop); /* disable rv2cv */
7350 tmpop = (SVOP*)((UNOP*)cvop)->op_first;
7351 if (tmpop->op_type == OP_GV && !(o->op_private & OPpENTERSUB_AMPER)) {
7352 GV *gv = cGVOPx_gv(tmpop);
7355 tmpop->op_private |= OPpEARLY_CV;
7359 namegv = CvANON(cv) ? gv : CvGV(cv);
7360 proto = SvPV((SV*)cv, len);
7361 proto_end = proto + len;
7363 if (CvASSERTION(cv)) {
7364 U32 asserthints = 0;
7365 HV *const hinthv = GvHV(PL_hintgv);
7367 SV **svp = hv_fetchs(hinthv, "assertions", FALSE);
7369 asserthints = SvUV(*svp);
7371 if (asserthints & HINT_ASSERTING) {
7372 if (PERLDB_ASSERTION && PL_curstash != PL_debstash)
7373 o->op_private |= OPpENTERSUB_DB;
7377 if (!(asserthints & HINT_ASSERTIONSSEEN) && ckWARN(WARN_ASSERTIONS)) {
7378 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_ASSERTIONS),
7379 "Impossible to activate assertion call");
7386 else if (cvop->op_type == OP_METHOD || cvop->op_type == OP_METHOD_NAMED) {
7387 if (o2->op_type == OP_CONST)
7388 o2->op_private &= ~OPpCONST_STRICT;
7389 else if (o2->op_type == OP_LIST) {
7390 OP * const sib = ((UNOP*)o2)->op_first->op_sibling;
7391 if (sib && sib->op_type == OP_CONST)
7392 sib->op_private &= ~OPpCONST_STRICT;
7395 o->op_private |= (PL_hints & HINT_STRICT_REFS);
7396 if (PERLDB_SUB && PL_curstash != PL_debstash)
7397 o->op_private |= OPpENTERSUB_DB;
7398 while (o2 != cvop) {
7400 if (PL_madskills && o2->op_type == OP_NULL)
7401 o3 = ((UNOP*)o2)->op_first;
7405 if (proto >= proto_end)
7406 return too_many_arguments(o, gv_ename(namegv));
7414 /* _ must be at the end */
7415 if (proto[1] && proto[1] != ';')
7430 if (o3->op_type != OP_REFGEN && o3->op_type != OP_UNDEF)
7432 arg == 1 ? "block or sub {}" : "sub {}",
7433 gv_ename(namegv), o3);
7436 /* '*' allows any scalar type, including bareword */
7439 if (o3->op_type == OP_RV2GV)
7440 goto wrapref; /* autoconvert GLOB -> GLOBref */
7441 else if (o3->op_type == OP_CONST)
7442 o3->op_private &= ~OPpCONST_STRICT;
7443 else if (o3->op_type == OP_ENTERSUB) {
7444 /* accidental subroutine, revert to bareword */
7445 OP *gvop = ((UNOP*)o3)->op_first;
7446 if (gvop && gvop->op_type == OP_NULL) {
7447 gvop = ((UNOP*)gvop)->op_first;
7449 for (; gvop->op_sibling; gvop = gvop->op_sibling)
7452 (gvop->op_private & OPpENTERSUB_NOPAREN) &&
7453 (gvop = ((UNOP*)gvop)->op_first) &&
7454 gvop->op_type == OP_GV)
7456 GV * const gv = cGVOPx_gv(gvop);
7457 OP * const sibling = o2->op_sibling;
7458 SV * const n = newSVpvs("");
7460 OP * const oldo2 = o2;
7464 gv_fullname4(n, gv, "", FALSE);
7465 o2 = newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, n);
7466 op_getmad(oldo2,o2,'O');
7467 prev->op_sibling = o2;
7468 o2->op_sibling = sibling;
7484 if (contextclass++ == 0) {
7485 e = strchr(proto, ']');
7486 if (!e || e == proto)
7495 const char *p = proto;
7496 const char *const end = proto;
7498 while (*--p != '[');
7499 bad_type(arg, Perl_form(aTHX_ "one of %.*s",
7501 gv_ename(namegv), o3);
7506 if (o3->op_type == OP_RV2GV)
7509 bad_type(arg, "symbol", gv_ename(namegv), o3);
7512 if (o3->op_type == OP_ENTERSUB)
7515 bad_type(arg, "subroutine entry", gv_ename(namegv),
7519 if (o3->op_type == OP_RV2SV ||
7520 o3->op_type == OP_PADSV ||
7521 o3->op_type == OP_HELEM ||
7522 o3->op_type == OP_AELEM)
7525 bad_type(arg, "scalar", gv_ename(namegv), o3);
7528 if (o3->op_type == OP_RV2AV ||
7529 o3->op_type == OP_PADAV)
7532 bad_type(arg, "array", gv_ename(namegv), o3);
7535 if (o3->op_type == OP_RV2HV ||
7536 o3->op_type == OP_PADHV)
7539 bad_type(arg, "hash", gv_ename(namegv), o3);
7544 OP* const sib = kid->op_sibling;
7545 kid->op_sibling = 0;
7546 o2 = newUNOP(OP_REFGEN, 0, kid);
7547 o2->op_sibling = sib;
7548 prev->op_sibling = o2;
7550 if (contextclass && e) {
7565 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Malformed prototype for %s: %"SVf,
7566 gv_ename(namegv), SVfARG(cv));
7571 mod(o2, OP_ENTERSUB);
7573 o2 = o2->op_sibling;
7575 if (o2 == cvop && proto && *proto == '_') {
7576 /* generate an access to $_ */
7578 o2->op_sibling = prev->op_sibling;
7579 prev->op_sibling = o2; /* instead of cvop */
7581 if (proto && !optional && proto_end > proto &&
7582 (*proto != '@' && *proto != '%' && *proto != ';' && *proto != '_'))
7583 return too_few_arguments(o, gv_ename(namegv));
7586 OP * const oldo = o;
7590 o=newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, newSViv(0));
7591 op_getmad(oldo,o,'O');
7597 Perl_ck_svconst(pTHX_ OP *o)
7599 PERL_UNUSED_CONTEXT;
7600 SvREADONLY_on(cSVOPo->op_sv);
7605 Perl_ck_chdir(pTHX_ OP *o)
7607 if (o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) {
7608 SVOP * const kid = (SVOP*)cUNOPo->op_first;
7610 if (kid && kid->op_type == OP_CONST &&
7611 (kid->op_private & OPpCONST_BARE))
7613 o->op_flags |= OPf_SPECIAL;
7614 kid->op_private &= ~OPpCONST_STRICT;
7621 Perl_ck_trunc(pTHX_ OP *o)
7623 if (o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) {
7624 SVOP *kid = (SVOP*)cUNOPo->op_first;
7626 if (kid->op_type == OP_NULL)
7627 kid = (SVOP*)kid->op_sibling;
7628 if (kid && kid->op_type == OP_CONST &&
7629 (kid->op_private & OPpCONST_BARE))
7631 o->op_flags |= OPf_SPECIAL;
7632 kid->op_private &= ~OPpCONST_STRICT;
7639 Perl_ck_unpack(pTHX_ OP *o)
7641 OP *kid = cLISTOPo->op_first;
7642 if (kid->op_sibling) {
7643 kid = kid->op_sibling;
7644 if (!kid->op_sibling)
7645 kid->op_sibling = newDEFSVOP();
7651 Perl_ck_substr(pTHX_ OP *o)
7654 if ((o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) && (o->op_private == 4)) {
7655 OP *kid = cLISTOPo->op_first;
7657 if (kid->op_type == OP_NULL)
7658 kid = kid->op_sibling;
7660 kid->op_flags |= OPf_MOD;
7666 /* A peephole optimizer. We visit the ops in the order they're to execute.
7667 * See the comments at the top of this file for more details about when
7668 * peep() is called */
7671 Perl_peep(pTHX_ register OP *o)
7674 register OP* oldop = NULL;
7676 if (!o || o->op_opt)
7680 SAVEVPTR(PL_curcop);
7681 for (; o; o = o->op_next) {
7685 switch (o->op_type) {
7689 PL_curcop = ((COP*)o); /* for warnings */
7694 if (cSVOPo->op_private & OPpCONST_STRICT)
7695 no_bareword_allowed(o);
7697 case OP_METHOD_NAMED:
7698 /* Relocate sv to the pad for thread safety.
7699 * Despite being a "constant", the SV is written to,
7700 * for reference counts, sv_upgrade() etc. */
7702 const PADOFFSET ix = pad_alloc(OP_CONST, SVs_PADTMP);
7703 if (o->op_type == OP_CONST && SvPADTMP(cSVOPo->op_sv)) {
7704 /* If op_sv is already a PADTMP then it is being used by
7705 * some pad, so make a copy. */
7706 sv_setsv(PAD_SVl(ix),cSVOPo->op_sv);
7707 SvREADONLY_on(PAD_SVl(ix));
7708 SvREFCNT_dec(cSVOPo->op_sv);
7710 else if (o->op_type == OP_CONST
7711 && cSVOPo->op_sv == &PL_sv_undef) {
7712 /* PL_sv_undef is hack - it's unsafe to store it in the
7713 AV that is the pad, because av_fetch treats values of
7714 PL_sv_undef as a "free" AV entry and will merrily
7715 replace them with a new SV, causing pad_alloc to think
7716 that this pad slot is free. (When, clearly, it is not)
7718 SvOK_off(PAD_SVl(ix));
7719 SvPADTMP_on(PAD_SVl(ix));
7720 SvREADONLY_on(PAD_SVl(ix));
7723 SvREFCNT_dec(PAD_SVl(ix));
7724 SvPADTMP_on(cSVOPo->op_sv);
7725 PAD_SETSV(ix, cSVOPo->op_sv);
7726 /* XXX I don't know how this isn't readonly already. */
7727 SvREADONLY_on(PAD_SVl(ix));
7729 cSVOPo->op_sv = NULL;
7737 if (o->op_next && o->op_next->op_type == OP_STRINGIFY) {
7738 if (o->op_next->op_private & OPpTARGET_MY) {
7739 if (o->op_flags & OPf_STACKED) /* chained concats */
7740 goto ignore_optimization;
7742 /* assert(PL_opargs[o->op_type] & OA_TARGLEX); */
7743 o->op_targ = o->op_next->op_targ;
7744 o->op_next->op_targ = 0;
7745 o->op_private |= OPpTARGET_MY;
7748 op_null(o->op_next);
7750 ignore_optimization:
7754 if ((o->op_flags & OPf_WANT) != OPf_WANT_LIST) {
7756 break; /* Scalar stub must produce undef. List stub is noop */
7760 if (o->op_targ == OP_NEXTSTATE
7761 || o->op_targ == OP_DBSTATE
7762 || o->op_targ == OP_SETSTATE)
7764 PL_curcop = ((COP*)o);
7766 /* XXX: We avoid setting op_seq here to prevent later calls
7767 to peep() from mistakenly concluding that optimisation
7768 has already occurred. This doesn't fix the real problem,
7769 though (See 20010220.007). AMS 20010719 */
7770 /* op_seq functionality is now replaced by op_opt */
7771 if (oldop && o->op_next) {
7772 oldop->op_next = o->op_next;
7780 if (oldop && o->op_next) {
7781 oldop->op_next = o->op_next;
7789 if (o->op_type == OP_PADAV || o->op_next->op_type == OP_RV2AV) {
7790 OP* const pop = (o->op_type == OP_PADAV) ?
7791 o->op_next : o->op_next->op_next;
7793 if (pop && pop->op_type == OP_CONST &&
7794 ((PL_op = pop->op_next)) &&
7795 pop->op_next->op_type == OP_AELEM &&
7796 !(pop->op_next->op_private &
7797 (OPpLVAL_INTRO|OPpLVAL_DEFER|OPpDEREF|OPpMAYBE_LVSUB)) &&
7798 (i = SvIV(((SVOP*)pop)->op_sv) - CopARYBASE_get(PL_curcop))
7803 if (cSVOPx(pop)->op_private & OPpCONST_STRICT)
7804 no_bareword_allowed(pop);
7805 if (o->op_type == OP_GV)
7806 op_null(o->op_next);
7807 op_null(pop->op_next);
7809 o->op_flags |= pop->op_next->op_flags & OPf_MOD;
7810 o->op_next = pop->op_next->op_next;
7811 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_AELEMFAST];
7812 o->op_private = (U8)i;
7813 if (o->op_type == OP_GV) {
7818 o->op_flags |= OPf_SPECIAL;
7819 o->op_type = OP_AELEMFAST;
7825 if (o->op_next->op_type == OP_RV2SV) {
7826 if (!(o->op_next->op_private & OPpDEREF)) {
7827 op_null(o->op_next);
7828 o->op_private |= o->op_next->op_private & (OPpLVAL_INTRO
7830 o->op_next = o->op_next->op_next;
7831 o->op_type = OP_GVSV;
7832 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_GVSV];
7835 else if ((o->op_private & OPpEARLY_CV) && ckWARN(WARN_PROTOTYPE)) {
7836 GV * const gv = cGVOPo_gv;
7837 if (SvTYPE(gv) == SVt_PVGV && GvCV(gv) && SvPVX_const(GvCV(gv))) {
7838 /* XXX could check prototype here instead of just carping */
7839 SV * const sv = sv_newmortal();
7840 gv_efullname3(sv, gv, NULL);
7841 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_PROTOTYPE),
7842 "%"SVf"() called too early to check prototype",
7846 else if (o->op_next->op_type == OP_READLINE
7847 && o->op_next->op_next->op_type == OP_CONCAT
7848 && (o->op_next->op_next->op_flags & OPf_STACKED))
7850 /* Turn "$a .= <FH>" into an OP_RCATLINE. AMS 20010917 */
7851 o->op_type = OP_RCATLINE;
7852 o->op_flags |= OPf_STACKED;
7853 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_RCATLINE];
7854 op_null(o->op_next->op_next);
7855 op_null(o->op_next);
7872 while (cLOGOP->op_other->op_type == OP_NULL)
7873 cLOGOP->op_other = cLOGOP->op_other->op_next;
7874 peep(cLOGOP->op_other); /* Recursive calls are not replaced by fptr calls */
7880 while (cLOOP->op_redoop->op_type == OP_NULL)
7881 cLOOP->op_redoop = cLOOP->op_redoop->op_next;
7882 peep(cLOOP->op_redoop);
7883 while (cLOOP->op_nextop->op_type == OP_NULL)
7884 cLOOP->op_nextop = cLOOP->op_nextop->op_next;
7885 peep(cLOOP->op_nextop);
7886 while (cLOOP->op_lastop->op_type == OP_NULL)
7887 cLOOP->op_lastop = cLOOP->op_lastop->op_next;
7888 peep(cLOOP->op_lastop);
7895 while (cPMOP->op_pmreplstart &&
7896 cPMOP->op_pmreplstart->op_type == OP_NULL)
7897 cPMOP->op_pmreplstart = cPMOP->op_pmreplstart->op_next;
7898 peep(cPMOP->op_pmreplstart);
7903 if (o->op_next && o->op_next->op_type == OP_NEXTSTATE
7904 && ckWARN(WARN_SYNTAX))
7906 if (o->op_next->op_sibling) {
7907 const OPCODE type = o->op_next->op_sibling->op_type;
7908 if (type != OP_EXIT && type != OP_WARN && type != OP_DIE) {
7909 const line_t oldline = CopLINE(PL_curcop);
7910 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, CopLINE((COP*)o->op_next));
7911 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_EXEC),
7912 "Statement unlikely to be reached");
7913 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_EXEC),
7914 "\t(Maybe you meant system() when you said exec()?)\n");
7915 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
7926 const char *key = NULL;
7931 if (((BINOP*)o)->op_last->op_type != OP_CONST)
7934 /* Make the CONST have a shared SV */
7935 svp = cSVOPx_svp(((BINOP*)o)->op_last);
7936 if ((!SvFAKE(sv = *svp) || !SvREADONLY(sv)) && !IS_PADCONST(sv)) {
7937 key = SvPV_const(sv, keylen);
7938 lexname = newSVpvn_share(key,
7939 SvUTF8(sv) ? -(I32)keylen : (I32)keylen,
7945 if ((o->op_private & (OPpLVAL_INTRO)))
7948 rop = (UNOP*)((BINOP*)o)->op_first;
7949 if (rop->op_type != OP_RV2HV || rop->op_first->op_type != OP_PADSV)
7951 lexname = *av_fetch(PL_comppad_name, rop->op_first->op_targ, TRUE);
7952 if (!SvPAD_TYPED(lexname))
7954 fields = (GV**)hv_fetchs(SvSTASH(lexname), "FIELDS", FALSE);
7955 if (!fields || !GvHV(*fields))
7957 key = SvPV_const(*svp, keylen);
7958 if (!hv_fetch(GvHV(*fields), key,
7959 SvUTF8(*svp) ? -(I32)keylen : (I32)keylen, FALSE))
7961 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No such class field \"%s\" "
7962 "in variable %s of type %s",
7963 key, SvPV_nolen_const(lexname), HvNAME_get(SvSTASH(lexname)));
7976 SVOP *first_key_op, *key_op;
7978 if ((o->op_private & (OPpLVAL_INTRO))
7979 /* I bet there's always a pushmark... */
7980 || ((LISTOP*)o)->op_first->op_sibling->op_type != OP_LIST)
7981 /* hmmm, no optimization if list contains only one key. */
7983 rop = (UNOP*)((LISTOP*)o)->op_last;
7984 if (rop->op_type != OP_RV2HV)
7986 if (rop->op_first->op_type == OP_PADSV)
7987 /* @$hash{qw(keys here)} */
7988 rop = (UNOP*)rop->op_first;
7990 /* @{$hash}{qw(keys here)} */
7991 if (rop->op_first->op_type == OP_SCOPE
7992 && cLISTOPx(rop->op_first)->op_last->op_type == OP_PADSV)
7994 rop = (UNOP*)cLISTOPx(rop->op_first)->op_last;
8000 lexname = *av_fetch(PL_comppad_name, rop->op_targ, TRUE);
8001 if (!SvPAD_TYPED(lexname))
8003 fields = (GV**)hv_fetchs(SvSTASH(lexname), "FIELDS", FALSE);
8004 if (!fields || !GvHV(*fields))
8006 /* Again guessing that the pushmark can be jumped over.... */
8007 first_key_op = (SVOP*)((LISTOP*)((LISTOP*)o)->op_first->op_sibling)
8008 ->op_first->op_sibling;
8009 for (key_op = first_key_op; key_op;
8010 key_op = (SVOP*)key_op->op_sibling) {
8011 if (key_op->op_type != OP_CONST)
8013 svp = cSVOPx_svp(key_op);
8014 key = SvPV_const(*svp, keylen);
8015 if (!hv_fetch(GvHV(*fields), key,
8016 SvUTF8(*svp) ? -(I32)keylen : (I32)keylen, FALSE))
8018 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No such class field \"%s\" "
8019 "in variable %s of type %s",
8020 key, SvPV_nolen(lexname), HvNAME_get(SvSTASH(lexname)));
8027 /* will point to RV2AV or PADAV op on LHS/RHS of assign */
8031 /* check that RHS of sort is a single plain array */
8032 OP *oright = cUNOPo->op_first;
8033 if (!oright || oright->op_type != OP_PUSHMARK)
8036 /* reverse sort ... can be optimised. */
8037 if (!cUNOPo->op_sibling) {
8038 /* Nothing follows us on the list. */
8039 OP * const reverse = o->op_next;
8041 if (reverse->op_type == OP_REVERSE &&
8042 (reverse->op_flags & OPf_WANT) == OPf_WANT_LIST) {
8043 OP * const pushmark = cUNOPx(reverse)->op_first;
8044 if (pushmark && (pushmark->op_type == OP_PUSHMARK)
8045 && (cUNOPx(pushmark)->op_sibling == o)) {
8046 /* reverse -> pushmark -> sort */
8047 o->op_private |= OPpSORT_REVERSE;
8049 pushmark->op_next = oright->op_next;
8055 /* make @a = sort @a act in-place */
8059 oright = cUNOPx(oright)->op_sibling;
8062 if (oright->op_type == OP_NULL) { /* skip sort block/sub */
8063 oright = cUNOPx(oright)->op_sibling;
8067 (oright->op_type != OP_RV2AV && oright->op_type != OP_PADAV)
8068 || oright->op_next != o
8069 || (oright->op_private & OPpLVAL_INTRO)
8073 /* o2 follows the chain of op_nexts through the LHS of the
8074 * assign (if any) to the aassign op itself */
8076 if (!o2 || o2->op_type != OP_NULL)
8079 if (!o2 || o2->op_type != OP_PUSHMARK)
8082 if (o2 && o2->op_type == OP_GV)
8085 || (o2->op_type != OP_PADAV && o2->op_type != OP_RV2AV)
8086 || (o2->op_private & OPpLVAL_INTRO)
8091 if (!o2 || o2->op_type != OP_NULL)
8094 if (!o2 || o2->op_type != OP_AASSIGN
8095 || (o2->op_flags & OPf_WANT) != OPf_WANT_VOID)
8098 /* check that the sort is the first arg on RHS of assign */
8100 o2 = cUNOPx(o2)->op_first;
8101 if (!o2 || o2->op_type != OP_NULL)
8103 o2 = cUNOPx(o2)->op_first;
8104 if (!o2 || o2->op_type != OP_PUSHMARK)
8106 if (o2->op_sibling != o)
8109 /* check the array is the same on both sides */
8110 if (oleft->op_type == OP_RV2AV) {
8111 if (oright->op_type != OP_RV2AV
8112 || !cUNOPx(oright)->op_first
8113 || cUNOPx(oright)->op_first->op_type != OP_GV
8114 || cGVOPx_gv(cUNOPx(oleft)->op_first) !=
8115 cGVOPx_gv(cUNOPx(oright)->op_first)
8119 else if (oright->op_type != OP_PADAV
8120 || oright->op_targ != oleft->op_targ
8124 /* transfer MODishness etc from LHS arg to RHS arg */
8125 oright->op_flags = oleft->op_flags;
8126 o->op_private |= OPpSORT_INPLACE;
8128 /* excise push->gv->rv2av->null->aassign */
8129 o2 = o->op_next->op_next;
8130 op_null(o2); /* PUSHMARK */
8132 if (o2->op_type == OP_GV) {
8133 op_null(o2); /* GV */
8136 op_null(o2); /* RV2AV or PADAV */
8137 o2 = o2->op_next->op_next;
8138 op_null(o2); /* AASSIGN */
8140 o->op_next = o2->op_next;
8146 OP *ourmark, *theirmark, *ourlast, *iter, *expushmark, *rv2av;
8148 LISTOP *enter, *exlist;
8151 enter = (LISTOP *) o->op_next;
8154 if (enter->op_type == OP_NULL) {
8155 enter = (LISTOP *) enter->op_next;
8159 /* for $a (...) will have OP_GV then OP_RV2GV here.
8160 for (...) just has an OP_GV. */
8161 if (enter->op_type == OP_GV) {
8162 gvop = (OP *) enter;
8163 enter = (LISTOP *) enter->op_next;
8166 if (enter->op_type == OP_RV2GV) {
8167 enter = (LISTOP *) enter->op_next;
8173 if (enter->op_type != OP_ENTERITER)
8176 iter = enter->op_next;
8177 if (!iter || iter->op_type != OP_ITER)
8180 expushmark = enter->op_first;
8181 if (!expushmark || expushmark->op_type != OP_NULL
8182 || expushmark->op_targ != OP_PUSHMARK)
8185 exlist = (LISTOP *) expushmark->op_sibling;
8186 if (!exlist || exlist->op_type != OP_NULL
8187 || exlist->op_targ != OP_LIST)
8190 if (exlist->op_last != o) {
8191 /* Mmm. Was expecting to point back to this op. */
8194 theirmark = exlist->op_first;
8195 if (!theirmark || theirmark->op_type != OP_PUSHMARK)
8198 if (theirmark->op_sibling != o) {
8199 /* There's something between the mark and the reverse, eg
8200 for (1, reverse (...))
8205 ourmark = ((LISTOP *)o)->op_first;
8206 if (!ourmark || ourmark->op_type != OP_PUSHMARK)
8209 ourlast = ((LISTOP *)o)->op_last;
8210 if (!ourlast || ourlast->op_next != o)
8213 rv2av = ourmark->op_sibling;
8214 if (rv2av && rv2av->op_type == OP_RV2AV && rv2av->op_sibling == 0
8215 && rv2av->op_flags == (OPf_WANT_LIST | OPf_KIDS)
8216 && enter->op_flags == (OPf_WANT_LIST | OPf_KIDS)) {
8217 /* We're just reversing a single array. */
8218 rv2av->op_flags = OPf_WANT_SCALAR | OPf_KIDS | OPf_REF;
8219 enter->op_flags |= OPf_STACKED;
8222 /* We don't have control over who points to theirmark, so sacrifice
8224 theirmark->op_next = ourmark->op_next;
8225 theirmark->op_flags = ourmark->op_flags;
8226 ourlast->op_next = gvop ? gvop : (OP *) enter;
8229 enter->op_private |= OPpITER_REVERSED;
8230 iter->op_private |= OPpITER_REVERSED;
8237 UNOP *refgen, *rv2cv;
8240 /* I do not understand this, but if o->op_opt isn't set to 1,
8241 various tests in ext/B/t/bytecode.t fail with no readily
8247 if ((o->op_flags && OPf_WANT) != OPf_WANT_VOID)
8250 if ((o->op_private & ~OPpASSIGN_BACKWARDS) != 2)
8253 rv2gv = ((BINOP *)o)->op_last;
8254 if (!rv2gv || rv2gv->op_type != OP_RV2GV)
8257 refgen = (UNOP *)((BINOP *)o)->op_first;
8259 if (!refgen || refgen->op_type != OP_REFGEN)
8262 exlist = (LISTOP *)refgen->op_first;
8263 if (!exlist || exlist->op_type != OP_NULL
8264 || exlist->op_targ != OP_LIST)
8267 if (exlist->op_first->op_type != OP_PUSHMARK)
8270 rv2cv = (UNOP*)exlist->op_last;
8272 if (rv2cv->op_type != OP_RV2CV)
8275 assert ((rv2gv->op_private & OPpDONT_INIT_GV) == 0);
8276 assert ((o->op_private & OPpASSIGN_CV_TO_GV) == 0);
8277 assert ((rv2cv->op_private & OPpMAY_RETURN_CONSTANT) == 0);
8279 o->op_private |= OPpASSIGN_CV_TO_GV;
8280 rv2gv->op_private |= OPpDONT_INIT_GV;
8281 rv2cv->op_private |= OPpMAY_RETURN_CONSTANT;
8297 Perl_custom_op_name(pTHX_ const OP* o)
8300 const IV index = PTR2IV(o->op_ppaddr);
8304 if (!PL_custom_op_names) /* This probably shouldn't happen */
8305 return (char *)PL_op_name[OP_CUSTOM];
8307 keysv = sv_2mortal(newSViv(index));
8309 he = hv_fetch_ent(PL_custom_op_names, keysv, 0, 0);
8311 return (char *)PL_op_name[OP_CUSTOM]; /* Don't know who you are */
8313 return SvPV_nolen(HeVAL(he));
8317 Perl_custom_op_desc(pTHX_ const OP* o)
8320 const IV index = PTR2IV(o->op_ppaddr);
8324 if (!PL_custom_op_descs)
8325 return (char *)PL_op_desc[OP_CUSTOM];
8327 keysv = sv_2mortal(newSViv(index));
8329 he = hv_fetch_ent(PL_custom_op_descs, keysv, 0, 0);
8331 return (char *)PL_op_desc[OP_CUSTOM];
8333 return SvPV_nolen(HeVAL(he));
8338 /* Efficient sub that returns a constant scalar value. */
8340 const_sv_xsub(pTHX_ CV* cv)
8347 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "usage: %s::%s()",
8348 HvNAME_get(GvSTASH(CvGV(cv))), GvNAME(CvGV(cv)));
8352 ST(0) = (SV*)XSANY.any_ptr;
8358 * c-indentation-style: bsd
8360 * indent-tabs-mode: t
8363 * ex: set ts=8 sts=4 sw=4 noet: