3 * Copyright (C) 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
4 * 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, by Larry Wall and others
6 * You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
7 * License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
12 * "You see: Mr. Drogo, he married poor Miss Primula Brandybuck. She was
13 * our Mr. Bilbo's first cousin on the mother's side (her mother being the
14 * youngest of the Old Took's daughters); and Mr. Drogo was his second
15 * cousin. So Mr. Frodo is his first *and* second cousin, once removed
16 * either way, as the saying is, if you follow me." --the Gaffer
19 /* This file contains the functions that create, manipulate and optimize
20 * the OP structures that hold a compiled perl program.
22 * A Perl program is compiled into a tree of OPs. Each op contains
23 * structural pointers (eg to its siblings and the next op in the
24 * execution sequence), a pointer to the function that would execute the
25 * op, plus any data specific to that op. For example, an OP_CONST op
26 * points to the pp_const() function and to an SV containing the constant
27 * value. When pp_const() is executed, its job is to push that SV onto the
30 * OPs are mainly created by the newFOO() functions, which are mainly
31 * called from the parser (in perly.y) as the code is parsed. For example
32 * the Perl code $a + $b * $c would cause the equivalent of the following
33 * to be called (oversimplifying a bit):
35 * newBINOP(OP_ADD, flags,
37 * newBINOP(OP_MULTIPLY, flags, newSVREF($b), newSVREF($c))
40 * Note that during the build of miniperl, a temporary copy of this file
41 * is made, called opmini.c.
45 Perl's compiler is essentially a 3-pass compiler with interleaved phases:
49 An execution-order pass
51 The bottom-up pass is represented by all the "newOP" routines and
52 the ck_ routines. The bottom-upness is actually driven by yacc.
53 So at the point that a ck_ routine fires, we have no idea what the
54 context is, either upward in the syntax tree, or either forward or
55 backward in the execution order. (The bottom-up parser builds that
56 part of the execution order it knows about, but if you follow the "next"
57 links around, you'll find it's actually a closed loop through the
60 Whenever the bottom-up parser gets to a node that supplies context to
61 its components, it invokes that portion of the top-down pass that applies
62 to that part of the subtree (and marks the top node as processed, so
63 if a node further up supplies context, it doesn't have to take the
64 plunge again). As a particular subcase of this, as the new node is
65 built, it takes all the closed execution loops of its subcomponents
66 and links them into a new closed loop for the higher level node. But
67 it's still not the real execution order.
69 The actual execution order is not known till we get a grammar reduction
70 to a top-level unit like a subroutine or file that will be called by
71 "name" rather than via a "next" pointer. At that point, we can call
72 into peep() to do that code's portion of the 3rd pass. It has to be
73 recursive, but it's recursive on basic blocks, not on tree nodes.
81 #define CALL_PEEP(o) CALL_FPTR(PL_peepp)(aTHX_ o)
83 #if defined(PL_OP_SLAB_ALLOC)
85 #ifndef PERL_SLAB_SIZE
86 #define PERL_SLAB_SIZE 2048
90 Perl_Slab_Alloc(pTHX_ int m, size_t sz)
93 * To make incrementing use count easy PL_OpSlab is an I32 *
94 * To make inserting the link to slab PL_OpPtr is I32 **
95 * So compute size in units of sizeof(I32 *) as that is how Pl_OpPtr increments
96 * Add an overhead for pointer to slab and round up as a number of pointers
98 sz = (sz + 2*sizeof(I32 *) -1)/sizeof(I32 *);
99 if ((PL_OpSpace -= sz) < 0) {
100 PL_OpPtr = (I32 **) PerlMemShared_malloc(PERL_SLAB_SIZE*sizeof(I32*));
104 Zero(PL_OpPtr,PERL_SLAB_SIZE,I32 **);
105 /* We reserve the 0'th I32 sized chunk as a use count */
106 PL_OpSlab = (I32 *) PL_OpPtr;
107 /* Reduce size by the use count word, and by the size we need.
108 * Latter is to mimic the '-=' in the if() above
110 PL_OpSpace = PERL_SLAB_SIZE - (sizeof(I32)+sizeof(I32 **)-1)/sizeof(I32 **) - sz;
111 /* Allocation pointer starts at the top.
112 Theory: because we build leaves before trunk allocating at end
113 means that at run time access is cache friendly upward
115 PL_OpPtr += PERL_SLAB_SIZE;
117 assert( PL_OpSpace >= 0 );
118 /* Move the allocation pointer down */
120 assert( PL_OpPtr > (I32 **) PL_OpSlab );
121 *PL_OpPtr = PL_OpSlab; /* Note which slab it belongs to */
122 (*PL_OpSlab)++; /* Increment use count of slab */
123 assert( PL_OpPtr+sz <= ((I32 **) PL_OpSlab + PERL_SLAB_SIZE) );
124 assert( *PL_OpSlab > 0 );
125 return (void *)(PL_OpPtr + 1);
129 Perl_Slab_Free(pTHX_ void *op)
131 I32 * const * const ptr = (I32 **) op;
132 I32 * const slab = ptr[-1];
133 assert( ptr-1 > (I32 **) slab );
134 assert( ptr < ( (I32 **) slab + PERL_SLAB_SIZE) );
136 if (--(*slab) == 0) {
138 # define PerlMemShared PerlMem
141 PerlMemShared_free(slab);
142 if (slab == PL_OpSlab) {
149 * In the following definition, the ", Nullop" is just to make the compiler
150 * think the expression is of the right type: croak actually does a Siglongjmp.
152 #define CHECKOP(type,o) \
153 ((PL_op_mask && PL_op_mask[type]) \
154 ? ( op_free((OP*)o), \
155 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "'%s' trapped by operation mask", PL_op_desc[type]), \
157 : CALL_FPTR(PL_check[type])(aTHX_ (OP*)o))
159 #define RETURN_UNLIMITED_NUMBER (PERL_INT_MAX / 2)
162 S_gv_ename(pTHX_ GV *gv)
164 SV* const tmpsv = sv_newmortal();
165 gv_efullname3(tmpsv, gv, Nullch);
166 return SvPV_nolen_const(tmpsv);
170 S_no_fh_allowed(pTHX_ OP *o)
172 yyerror(Perl_form(aTHX_ "Missing comma after first argument to %s function",
178 S_too_few_arguments(pTHX_ OP *o, const char *name)
180 yyerror(Perl_form(aTHX_ "Not enough arguments for %s", name));
185 S_too_many_arguments(pTHX_ OP *o, const char *name)
187 yyerror(Perl_form(aTHX_ "Too many arguments for %s", name));
192 S_bad_type(pTHX_ I32 n, const char *t, const char *name, const OP *kid)
194 yyerror(Perl_form(aTHX_ "Type of arg %d to %s must be %s (not %s)",
195 (int)n, name, t, OP_DESC(kid)));
199 S_no_bareword_allowed(pTHX_ const OP *o)
201 qerror(Perl_mess(aTHX_
202 "Bareword \"%"SVf"\" not allowed while \"strict subs\" in use",
206 /* "register" allocation */
209 Perl_allocmy(pTHX_ char *name)
213 /* complain about "my $<special_var>" etc etc */
215 !(PL_in_my == KEY_our ||
217 (USE_UTF8_IN_NAMES && UTF8_IS_START(name[1])) ||
218 (name[1] == '_' && (*name == '$' || name[2]))))
220 /* name[2] is true if strlen(name) > 2 */
221 if (!isPRINT(name[1]) || strchr("\t\n\r\f", name[1])) {
222 /* 1999-02-27 mjd@plover.com */
224 p = strchr(name, '\0');
225 /* The next block assumes the buffer is at least 205 chars
226 long. At present, it's always at least 256 chars. */
228 strcpy(name+200, "...");
234 /* Move everything else down one character */
235 for (; p-name > 2; p--)
237 name[2] = toCTRL(name[1]);
240 yyerror(Perl_form(aTHX_ "Can't use global %s in \"my\"",name));
243 /* check for duplicate declaration */
245 (bool)(PL_in_my == KEY_our),
246 (PL_curstash ? PL_curstash : PL_defstash)
249 if (PL_in_my_stash && *name != '$') {
250 yyerror(Perl_form(aTHX_
251 "Can't declare class for non-scalar %s in \"%s\"",
252 name, PL_in_my == KEY_our ? "our" : "my"));
255 /* allocate a spare slot and store the name in that slot */
257 off = pad_add_name(name,
260 /* $_ is always in main::, even with our */
261 ? (PL_curstash && !strEQ(name,"$_") ? PL_curstash : PL_defstash)
272 Perl_op_free(pTHX_ OP *o)
278 if (!o || o->op_static)
281 if (o->op_private & OPpREFCOUNTED) {
282 switch (o->op_type) {
290 refcnt = OpREFCNT_dec(o);
300 if (o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) {
301 register OP *kid, *nextkid;
302 for (kid = cUNOPo->op_first; kid; kid = nextkid) {
303 nextkid = kid->op_sibling; /* Get before next freeing kid */
309 type = (OPCODE)o->op_targ;
311 /* COP* is not cleared by op_clear() so that we may track line
312 * numbers etc even after null() */
313 if (type == OP_NEXTSTATE || type == OP_SETSTATE || type == OP_DBSTATE)
318 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS
325 Perl_op_clear(pTHX_ OP *o)
329 switch (o->op_type) {
330 case OP_NULL: /* Was holding old type, if any. */
331 case OP_ENTEREVAL: /* Was holding hints. */
335 if (!(o->op_flags & OPf_REF)
336 || (PL_check[o->op_type] != MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_ck_ftst)))
342 if (! (o->op_type == OP_AELEMFAST && o->op_flags & OPf_SPECIAL)) {
343 /* not an OP_PADAV replacement */
345 if (cPADOPo->op_padix > 0) {
346 /* No GvIN_PAD_off(cGVOPo_gv) here, because other references
347 * may still exist on the pad */
348 pad_swipe(cPADOPo->op_padix, TRUE);
349 cPADOPo->op_padix = 0;
352 SvREFCNT_dec(cSVOPo->op_sv);
353 cSVOPo->op_sv = Nullsv;
357 case OP_METHOD_NAMED:
359 SvREFCNT_dec(cSVOPo->op_sv);
360 cSVOPo->op_sv = Nullsv;
363 Even if op_clear does a pad_free for the target of the op,
364 pad_free doesn't actually remove the sv that exists in the pad;
365 instead it lives on. This results in that it could be reused as
366 a target later on when the pad was reallocated.
369 pad_swipe(o->op_targ,1);
378 if (o->op_flags & (OPf_SPECIAL|OPf_STACKED|OPf_KIDS))
382 if (o->op_private & (OPpTRANS_FROM_UTF|OPpTRANS_TO_UTF)) {
383 SvREFCNT_dec(cSVOPo->op_sv);
384 cSVOPo->op_sv = Nullsv;
387 Safefree(cPVOPo->op_pv);
388 cPVOPo->op_pv = Nullch;
392 op_free(cPMOPo->op_pmreplroot);
396 if (INT2PTR(PADOFFSET, cPMOPo->op_pmreplroot)) {
397 /* No GvIN_PAD_off here, because other references may still
398 * exist on the pad */
399 pad_swipe(INT2PTR(PADOFFSET, cPMOPo->op_pmreplroot), TRUE);
402 SvREFCNT_dec((SV*)cPMOPo->op_pmreplroot);
409 HV * const pmstash = PmopSTASH(cPMOPo);
410 if (pmstash && SvREFCNT(pmstash)) {
411 MAGIC * const mg = mg_find((SV*)pmstash, PERL_MAGIC_symtab);
413 PMOP *pmop = (PMOP*) mg->mg_obj;
414 PMOP *lastpmop = NULL;
416 if (cPMOPo == pmop) {
418 lastpmop->op_pmnext = pmop->op_pmnext;
420 mg->mg_obj = (SV*) pmop->op_pmnext;
424 pmop = pmop->op_pmnext;
428 PmopSTASH_free(cPMOPo);
430 cPMOPo->op_pmreplroot = Nullop;
431 /* we use the "SAFE" version of the PM_ macros here
432 * since sv_clean_all might release some PMOPs
433 * after PL_regex_padav has been cleared
434 * and the clearing of PL_regex_padav needs to
435 * happen before sv_clean_all
437 ReREFCNT_dec(PM_GETRE_SAFE(cPMOPo));
438 PM_SETRE_SAFE(cPMOPo, (REGEXP*)NULL);
440 if(PL_regex_pad) { /* We could be in destruction */
441 av_push((AV*) PL_regex_pad[0],(SV*) PL_regex_pad[(cPMOPo)->op_pmoffset]);
442 SvREPADTMP_on(PL_regex_pad[(cPMOPo)->op_pmoffset]);
443 PM_SETRE(cPMOPo, (cPMOPo)->op_pmoffset);
450 if (o->op_targ > 0) {
451 pad_free(o->op_targ);
457 S_cop_free(pTHX_ COP* cop)
459 Safefree(cop->cop_label); /* FIXME: treaddead ??? */
462 if (! specialWARN(cop->cop_warnings))
463 SvREFCNT_dec(cop->cop_warnings);
464 if (! specialCopIO(cop->cop_io)) {
468 char *s = SvPV(cop->cop_io,len);
469 Perl_warn(aTHX_ "io='%.*s'",(int) len,s); /* ??? --jhi */
472 SvREFCNT_dec(cop->cop_io);
478 Perl_op_null(pTHX_ OP *o)
481 if (o->op_type == OP_NULL)
484 o->op_targ = o->op_type;
485 o->op_type = OP_NULL;
486 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_NULL];
490 Perl_op_refcnt_lock(pTHX)
497 Perl_op_refcnt_unlock(pTHX)
503 /* Contextualizers */
505 #define LINKLIST(o) ((o)->op_next ? (o)->op_next : linklist((OP*)o))
508 Perl_linklist(pTHX_ OP *o)
514 /* establish postfix order */
515 if (cUNOPo->op_first) {
517 o->op_next = LINKLIST(cUNOPo->op_first);
518 for (kid = cUNOPo->op_first; kid; kid = kid->op_sibling) {
520 kid->op_next = LINKLIST(kid->op_sibling);
532 Perl_scalarkids(pTHX_ OP *o)
534 if (o && o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) {
536 for (kid = cLISTOPo->op_first; kid; kid = kid->op_sibling)
543 S_scalarboolean(pTHX_ OP *o)
545 if (o->op_type == OP_SASSIGN && cBINOPo->op_first->op_type == OP_CONST) {
546 if (ckWARN(WARN_SYNTAX)) {
547 const line_t oldline = CopLINE(PL_curcop);
549 if (PL_copline != NOLINE)
550 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, PL_copline);
551 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_SYNTAX), "Found = in conditional, should be ==");
552 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
559 Perl_scalar(pTHX_ OP *o)
564 /* assumes no premature commitment */
565 if (!o || PL_error_count || (o->op_flags & OPf_WANT)
566 || o->op_type == OP_RETURN)
571 o->op_flags = (o->op_flags & ~OPf_WANT) | OPf_WANT_SCALAR;
573 switch (o->op_type) {
575 scalar(cBINOPo->op_first);
580 for (kid = cUNOPo->op_first->op_sibling; kid; kid = kid->op_sibling)
584 if ((kid = cLISTOPo->op_first) && kid->op_type == OP_PUSHRE) {
585 if (!kPMOP->op_pmreplroot)
586 deprecate_old("implicit split to @_");
594 if (o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) {
595 for (kid = cUNOPo->op_first; kid; kid = kid->op_sibling)
601 kid = cLISTOPo->op_first;
603 while ((kid = kid->op_sibling)) {
609 WITH_THR(PL_curcop = &PL_compiling);
614 for (kid = cLISTOPo->op_first; kid; kid = kid->op_sibling) {
620 WITH_THR(PL_curcop = &PL_compiling);
623 if (ckWARN(WARN_VOID))
624 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_VOID), "Useless use of sort in scalar context");
630 Perl_scalarvoid(pTHX_ OP *o)
634 const char* useless = 0;
638 if (o->op_type == OP_NEXTSTATE
639 || o->op_type == OP_SETSTATE
640 || o->op_type == OP_DBSTATE
641 || (o->op_type == OP_NULL && (o->op_targ == OP_NEXTSTATE
642 || o->op_targ == OP_SETSTATE
643 || o->op_targ == OP_DBSTATE)))
644 PL_curcop = (COP*)o; /* for warning below */
646 /* assumes no premature commitment */
647 want = o->op_flags & OPf_WANT;
648 if ((want && want != OPf_WANT_SCALAR) || PL_error_count
649 || o->op_type == OP_RETURN)
654 if ((o->op_private & OPpTARGET_MY)
655 && (PL_opargs[o->op_type] & OA_TARGLEX))/* OPp share the meaning */
657 return scalar(o); /* As if inside SASSIGN */
660 o->op_flags = (o->op_flags & ~OPf_WANT) | OPf_WANT_VOID;
662 switch (o->op_type) {
664 if (!(PL_opargs[o->op_type] & OA_FOLDCONST))
668 if (o->op_flags & OPf_STACKED)
672 if (o->op_private == 4)
744 if (!(o->op_private & (OPpLVAL_INTRO|OPpOUR_INTRO)))
745 useless = OP_DESC(o);
749 kid = cUNOPo->op_first;
750 if (kid->op_type != OP_MATCH && kid->op_type != OP_SUBST &&
751 kid->op_type != OP_TRANS) {
754 useless = "negative pattern binding (!~)";
761 if (!(o->op_private & (OPpLVAL_INTRO|OPpOUR_INTRO)) &&
762 (!o->op_sibling || o->op_sibling->op_type != OP_READLINE))
763 useless = "a variable";
768 if (cSVOPo->op_private & OPpCONST_STRICT)
769 no_bareword_allowed(o);
771 if (ckWARN(WARN_VOID)) {
772 useless = "a constant";
773 /* don't warn on optimised away booleans, eg
774 * use constant Foo, 5; Foo || print; */
775 if (cSVOPo->op_private & OPpCONST_SHORTCIRCUIT)
777 /* the constants 0 and 1 are permitted as they are
778 conventionally used as dummies in constructs like
779 1 while some_condition_with_side_effects; */
780 else if (SvNIOK(sv) && (SvNV(sv) == 0.0 || SvNV(sv) == 1.0))
782 else if (SvPOK(sv)) {
783 /* perl4's way of mixing documentation and code
784 (before the invention of POD) was based on a
785 trick to mix nroff and perl code. The trick was
786 built upon these three nroff macros being used in
787 void context. The pink camel has the details in
788 the script wrapman near page 319. */
789 if (strnEQ(SvPVX_const(sv), "di", 2) ||
790 strnEQ(SvPVX_const(sv), "ds", 2) ||
791 strnEQ(SvPVX_const(sv), "ig", 2))
796 op_null(o); /* don't execute or even remember it */
800 o->op_type = OP_PREINC; /* pre-increment is faster */
801 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_PREINC];
805 o->op_type = OP_PREDEC; /* pre-decrement is faster */
806 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_PREDEC];
810 o->op_type = OP_I_PREINC; /* pre-increment is faster */
811 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_I_PREINC];
815 o->op_type = OP_I_PREDEC; /* pre-decrement is faster */
816 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_I_PREDEC];
823 for (kid = cUNOPo->op_first->op_sibling; kid; kid = kid->op_sibling)
828 if (o->op_flags & OPf_STACKED)
835 if (!(o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS))
844 for (kid = cLISTOPo->op_first; kid; kid = kid->op_sibling)
851 /* all requires must return a boolean value */
852 o->op_flags &= ~OPf_WANT;
857 if ((kid = cLISTOPo->op_first) && kid->op_type == OP_PUSHRE) {
858 if (!kPMOP->op_pmreplroot)
859 deprecate_old("implicit split to @_");
863 if (useless && ckWARN(WARN_VOID))
864 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_VOID), "Useless use of %s in void context", useless);
869 Perl_listkids(pTHX_ OP *o)
871 if (o && o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) {
873 for (kid = cLISTOPo->op_first; kid; kid = kid->op_sibling)
880 Perl_list(pTHX_ OP *o)
885 /* assumes no premature commitment */
886 if (!o || (o->op_flags & OPf_WANT) || PL_error_count
887 || o->op_type == OP_RETURN)
892 if ((o->op_private & OPpTARGET_MY)
893 && (PL_opargs[o->op_type] & OA_TARGLEX))/* OPp share the meaning */
895 return o; /* As if inside SASSIGN */
898 o->op_flags = (o->op_flags & ~OPf_WANT) | OPf_WANT_LIST;
900 switch (o->op_type) {
903 list(cBINOPo->op_first);
908 for (kid = cUNOPo->op_first->op_sibling; kid; kid = kid->op_sibling)
916 if (!(o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS))
918 if (!o->op_next && cUNOPo->op_first->op_type == OP_FLOP) {
919 list(cBINOPo->op_first);
920 return gen_constant_list(o);
927 kid = cLISTOPo->op_first;
929 while ((kid = kid->op_sibling)) {
935 WITH_THR(PL_curcop = &PL_compiling);
939 for (kid = cLISTOPo->op_first; kid; kid = kid->op_sibling) {
945 WITH_THR(PL_curcop = &PL_compiling);
948 /* all requires must return a boolean value */
949 o->op_flags &= ~OPf_WANT;
956 Perl_scalarseq(pTHX_ OP *o)
959 if (o->op_type == OP_LINESEQ ||
960 o->op_type == OP_SCOPE ||
961 o->op_type == OP_LEAVE ||
962 o->op_type == OP_LEAVETRY)
965 for (kid = cLISTOPo->op_first; kid; kid = kid->op_sibling) {
966 if (kid->op_sibling) {
970 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
972 o->op_flags &= ~OPf_PARENS;
973 if (PL_hints & HINT_BLOCK_SCOPE)
974 o->op_flags |= OPf_PARENS;
977 o = newOP(OP_STUB, 0);
982 S_modkids(pTHX_ OP *o, I32 type)
984 if (o && o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) {
986 for (kid = cLISTOPo->op_first; kid; kid = kid->op_sibling)
992 /* Propagate lvalue ("modifiable") context to an op and it's children.
993 * 'type' represents the context type, roughly based on the type of op that
994 * would do the modifying, although local() is represented by OP_NULL.
995 * It's responsible for detecting things that can't be modified, flag
996 * things that need to behave specially in an lvalue context (e.g., "$$x = 5"
997 * might have to vivify a reference in $x), and so on.
999 * For example, "$a+1 = 2" would cause mod() to be called with o being
1000 * OP_ADD and type being OP_SASSIGN, and would output an error.
1004 Perl_mod(pTHX_ OP *o, I32 type)
1008 /* -1 = error on localize, 0 = ignore localize, 1 = ok to localize */
1011 if (!o || PL_error_count)
1014 if ((o->op_private & OPpTARGET_MY)
1015 && (PL_opargs[o->op_type] & OA_TARGLEX))/* OPp share the meaning */
1020 switch (o->op_type) {
1026 if (!(o->op_private & (OPpCONST_ARYBASE)))
1028 if (PL_eval_start && PL_eval_start->op_type == OP_CONST) {
1029 PL_compiling.cop_arybase = (I32)SvIV(cSVOPx(PL_eval_start)->op_sv);
1033 SAVEI32(PL_compiling.cop_arybase);
1034 PL_compiling.cop_arybase = 0;
1036 else if (type == OP_REFGEN)
1039 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "That use of $[ is unsupported");
1042 if (o->op_flags & OPf_PARENS)
1046 if ((type == OP_UNDEF || type == OP_REFGEN) &&
1047 !(o->op_flags & OPf_STACKED)) {
1048 o->op_type = OP_RV2CV; /* entersub => rv2cv */
1049 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_RV2CV];
1050 assert(cUNOPo->op_first->op_type == OP_NULL);
1051 op_null(((LISTOP*)cUNOPo->op_first)->op_first);/* disable pushmark */
1054 else if (o->op_private & OPpENTERSUB_NOMOD)
1056 else { /* lvalue subroutine call */
1057 o->op_private |= OPpLVAL_INTRO;
1058 PL_modcount = RETURN_UNLIMITED_NUMBER;
1059 if (type == OP_GREPSTART || type == OP_ENTERSUB || type == OP_REFGEN) {
1060 /* Backward compatibility mode: */
1061 o->op_private |= OPpENTERSUB_INARGS;
1064 else { /* Compile-time error message: */
1065 OP *kid = cUNOPo->op_first;
1069 if (kid->op_type == OP_PUSHMARK)
1071 if (kid->op_type != OP_NULL || kid->op_targ != OP_LIST)
1073 "panic: unexpected lvalue entersub "
1074 "args: type/targ %ld:%"UVuf,
1075 (long)kid->op_type, (UV)kid->op_targ);
1076 kid = kLISTOP->op_first;
1078 while (kid->op_sibling)
1079 kid = kid->op_sibling;
1080 if (!(kid->op_type == OP_NULL && kid->op_targ == OP_RV2CV)) {
1082 if (kid->op_type == OP_METHOD_NAMED
1083 || kid->op_type == OP_METHOD)
1087 NewOp(1101, newop, 1, UNOP);
1088 newop->op_type = OP_RV2CV;
1089 newop->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_RV2CV];
1090 newop->op_first = Nullop;
1091 newop->op_next = (OP*)newop;
1092 kid->op_sibling = (OP*)newop;
1093 newop->op_private |= OPpLVAL_INTRO;
1097 if (kid->op_type != OP_RV2CV)
1099 "panic: unexpected lvalue entersub "
1100 "entry via type/targ %ld:%"UVuf,
1101 (long)kid->op_type, (UV)kid->op_targ);
1102 kid->op_private |= OPpLVAL_INTRO;
1103 break; /* Postpone until runtime */
1107 kid = kUNOP->op_first;
1108 if (kid->op_type == OP_NULL && kid->op_targ == OP_RV2SV)
1109 kid = kUNOP->op_first;
1110 if (kid->op_type == OP_NULL)
1112 "Unexpected constant lvalue entersub "
1113 "entry via type/targ %ld:%"UVuf,
1114 (long)kid->op_type, (UV)kid->op_targ);
1115 if (kid->op_type != OP_GV) {
1116 /* Restore RV2CV to check lvalueness */
1118 if (kid->op_next && kid->op_next != kid) { /* Happens? */
1119 okid->op_next = kid->op_next;
1120 kid->op_next = okid;
1123 okid->op_next = Nullop;
1124 okid->op_type = OP_RV2CV;
1126 okid->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_RV2CV];
1127 okid->op_private |= OPpLVAL_INTRO;
1131 cv = GvCV(kGVOP_gv);
1141 /* grep, foreach, subcalls, refgen */
1142 if (type == OP_GREPSTART || type == OP_ENTERSUB || type == OP_REFGEN)
1144 yyerror(Perl_form(aTHX_ "Can't modify %s in %s",
1145 (o->op_type == OP_NULL && (o->op_flags & OPf_SPECIAL)
1147 : (o->op_type == OP_ENTERSUB
1148 ? "non-lvalue subroutine call"
1150 type ? PL_op_desc[type] : "local"));
1164 case OP_RIGHT_SHIFT:
1173 if (!(o->op_flags & OPf_STACKED))
1180 for (kid = cUNOPo->op_first->op_sibling; kid; kid = kid->op_sibling)
1186 if (type == OP_REFGEN && o->op_flags & OPf_PARENS) {
1187 PL_modcount = RETURN_UNLIMITED_NUMBER;
1188 return o; /* Treat \(@foo) like ordinary list. */
1192 if (scalar_mod_type(o, type))
1194 ref(cUNOPo->op_first, o->op_type);
1198 if (type == OP_LEAVESUBLV)
1199 o->op_private |= OPpMAYBE_LVSUB;
1205 PL_modcount = RETURN_UNLIMITED_NUMBER;
1208 ref(cUNOPo->op_first, o->op_type);
1213 PL_hints |= HINT_BLOCK_SCOPE;
1228 PL_modcount = RETURN_UNLIMITED_NUMBER;
1229 if (type == OP_REFGEN && o->op_flags & OPf_PARENS)
1230 return o; /* Treat \(@foo) like ordinary list. */
1231 if (scalar_mod_type(o, type))
1233 if (type == OP_LEAVESUBLV)
1234 o->op_private |= OPpMAYBE_LVSUB;
1238 if (!type) /* local() */
1239 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't localize lexical variable %s",
1240 PAD_COMPNAME_PV(o->op_targ));
1248 if (type != OP_SASSIGN)
1252 if (o->op_private == 4) /* don't allow 4 arg substr as lvalue */
1257 if (type == OP_LEAVESUBLV)
1258 o->op_private |= OPpMAYBE_LVSUB;
1260 pad_free(o->op_targ);
1261 o->op_targ = pad_alloc(o->op_type, SVs_PADMY);
1262 assert(SvTYPE(PAD_SV(o->op_targ)) == SVt_NULL);
1263 if (o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS)
1264 mod(cBINOPo->op_first->op_sibling, type);
1269 ref(cBINOPo->op_first, o->op_type);
1270 if (type == OP_ENTERSUB &&
1271 !(o->op_private & (OPpLVAL_INTRO | OPpDEREF)))
1272 o->op_private |= OPpLVAL_DEFER;
1273 if (type == OP_LEAVESUBLV)
1274 o->op_private |= OPpMAYBE_LVSUB;
1284 if (o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS)
1285 mod(cLISTOPo->op_last, type);
1290 if (o->op_flags & OPf_SPECIAL) /* do BLOCK */
1292 else if (!(o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS))
1294 if (o->op_targ != OP_LIST) {
1295 mod(cBINOPo->op_first, type);
1301 for (kid = cLISTOPo->op_first; kid; kid = kid->op_sibling)
1306 if (type != OP_LEAVESUBLV)
1308 break; /* mod()ing was handled by ck_return() */
1311 /* [20011101.069] File test operators interpret OPf_REF to mean that
1312 their argument is a filehandle; thus \stat(".") should not set
1314 if (type == OP_REFGEN &&
1315 PL_check[o->op_type] == MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_ck_ftst))
1318 if (type != OP_LEAVESUBLV)
1319 o->op_flags |= OPf_MOD;
1321 if (type == OP_AASSIGN || type == OP_SASSIGN)
1322 o->op_flags |= OPf_SPECIAL|OPf_REF;
1323 else if (!type) { /* local() */
1326 o->op_private |= OPpLVAL_INTRO;
1327 o->op_flags &= ~OPf_SPECIAL;
1328 PL_hints |= HINT_BLOCK_SCOPE;
1333 if (ckWARN(WARN_SYNTAX)) {
1334 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_SYNTAX),
1335 "Useless localization of %s", OP_DESC(o));
1339 else if (type != OP_GREPSTART && type != OP_ENTERSUB
1340 && type != OP_LEAVESUBLV)
1341 o->op_flags |= OPf_REF;
1346 S_scalar_mod_type(pTHX_ const OP *o, I32 type)
1350 if (o->op_type == OP_RV2GV)
1374 case OP_RIGHT_SHIFT:
1393 S_is_handle_constructor(pTHX_ const OP *o, I32 numargs)
1395 switch (o->op_type) {
1403 case OP_SELECT: /* XXX c.f. SelectSaver.pm */
1416 Perl_refkids(pTHX_ OP *o, I32 type)
1418 if (o && o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) {
1420 for (kid = cLISTOPo->op_first; kid; kid = kid->op_sibling)
1427 Perl_doref(pTHX_ OP *o, I32 type, bool set_op_ref)
1432 if (!o || PL_error_count)
1435 switch (o->op_type) {
1437 if ((type == OP_EXISTS || type == OP_DEFINED || type == OP_LOCK) &&
1438 !(o->op_flags & OPf_STACKED)) {
1439 o->op_type = OP_RV2CV; /* entersub => rv2cv */
1440 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_RV2CV];
1441 assert(cUNOPo->op_first->op_type == OP_NULL);
1442 op_null(((LISTOP*)cUNOPo->op_first)->op_first); /* disable pushmark */
1443 o->op_flags |= OPf_SPECIAL;
1448 for (kid = cUNOPo->op_first->op_sibling; kid; kid = kid->op_sibling)
1449 doref(kid, type, set_op_ref);
1452 if (type == OP_DEFINED)
1453 o->op_flags |= OPf_SPECIAL; /* don't create GV */
1454 doref(cUNOPo->op_first, o->op_type, set_op_ref);
1457 if (type == OP_RV2SV || type == OP_RV2AV || type == OP_RV2HV) {
1458 o->op_private |= (type == OP_RV2AV ? OPpDEREF_AV
1459 : type == OP_RV2HV ? OPpDEREF_HV
1461 o->op_flags |= OPf_MOD;
1466 o->op_flags |= OPf_MOD; /* XXX ??? */
1472 o->op_flags |= OPf_REF;
1475 if (type == OP_DEFINED)
1476 o->op_flags |= OPf_SPECIAL; /* don't create GV */
1477 doref(cUNOPo->op_first, o->op_type, set_op_ref);
1483 o->op_flags |= OPf_REF;
1488 if (!(o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS))
1490 doref(cBINOPo->op_first, type, set_op_ref);
1494 doref(cBINOPo->op_first, o->op_type, set_op_ref);
1495 if (type == OP_RV2SV || type == OP_RV2AV || type == OP_RV2HV) {
1496 o->op_private |= (type == OP_RV2AV ? OPpDEREF_AV
1497 : type == OP_RV2HV ? OPpDEREF_HV
1499 o->op_flags |= OPf_MOD;
1509 if (!(o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS))
1511 doref(cLISTOPo->op_last, type, set_op_ref);
1521 S_dup_attrlist(pTHX_ OP *o)
1525 /* An attrlist is either a simple OP_CONST or an OP_LIST with kids,
1526 * where the first kid is OP_PUSHMARK and the remaining ones
1527 * are OP_CONST. We need to push the OP_CONST values.
1529 if (o->op_type == OP_CONST)
1530 rop = newSVOP(OP_CONST, o->op_flags, SvREFCNT_inc(cSVOPo->op_sv));
1532 assert((o->op_type == OP_LIST) && (o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS));
1533 for (o = cLISTOPo->op_first; o; o=o->op_sibling) {
1534 if (o->op_type == OP_CONST)
1535 rop = append_elem(OP_LIST, rop,
1536 newSVOP(OP_CONST, o->op_flags,
1537 SvREFCNT_inc(cSVOPo->op_sv)));
1544 S_apply_attrs(pTHX_ HV *stash, SV *target, OP *attrs, bool for_my)
1549 /* fake up C<use attributes $pkg,$rv,@attrs> */
1550 ENTER; /* need to protect against side-effects of 'use' */
1552 stashsv = stash ? newSVhek(HvNAME_HEK(stash)) : &PL_sv_no;
1554 #define ATTRSMODULE "attributes"
1555 #define ATTRSMODULE_PM "attributes.pm"
1558 /* Don't force the C<use> if we don't need it. */
1559 SV * const * const svp = hv_fetch(GvHVn(PL_incgv), ATTRSMODULE_PM,
1560 sizeof(ATTRSMODULE_PM)-1, 0);
1561 if (svp && *svp != &PL_sv_undef)
1562 ; /* already in %INC */
1564 Perl_load_module(aTHX_ PERL_LOADMOD_NOIMPORT,
1565 newSVpvn(ATTRSMODULE, sizeof(ATTRSMODULE)-1),
1569 Perl_load_module(aTHX_ PERL_LOADMOD_IMPORT_OPS,
1570 newSVpvn(ATTRSMODULE, sizeof(ATTRSMODULE)-1),
1572 prepend_elem(OP_LIST,
1573 newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, stashsv),
1574 prepend_elem(OP_LIST,
1575 newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0,
1577 dup_attrlist(attrs))));
1583 S_apply_attrs_my(pTHX_ HV *stash, OP *target, OP *attrs, OP **imopsp)
1585 OP *pack, *imop, *arg;
1591 assert(target->op_type == OP_PADSV ||
1592 target->op_type == OP_PADHV ||
1593 target->op_type == OP_PADAV);
1595 /* Ensure that attributes.pm is loaded. */
1596 apply_attrs(stash, PAD_SV(target->op_targ), attrs, TRUE);
1598 /* Need package name for method call. */
1599 pack = newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, newSVpvn(ATTRSMODULE, sizeof(ATTRSMODULE)-1));
1601 /* Build up the real arg-list. */
1602 stashsv = stash ? newSVhek(HvNAME_HEK(stash)) : &PL_sv_no;
1604 arg = newOP(OP_PADSV, 0);
1605 arg->op_targ = target->op_targ;
1606 arg = prepend_elem(OP_LIST,
1607 newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, stashsv),
1608 prepend_elem(OP_LIST,
1609 newUNOP(OP_REFGEN, 0,
1610 mod(arg, OP_REFGEN)),
1611 dup_attrlist(attrs)));
1613 /* Fake up a method call to import */
1614 meth = newSVpvn_share("import", 6, 0);
1615 imop = convert(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_STACKED|OPf_SPECIAL|OPf_WANT_VOID,
1616 append_elem(OP_LIST,
1617 prepend_elem(OP_LIST, pack, list(arg)),
1618 newSVOP(OP_METHOD_NAMED, 0, meth)));
1619 imop->op_private |= OPpENTERSUB_NOMOD;
1621 /* Combine the ops. */
1622 *imopsp = append_elem(OP_LIST, *imopsp, imop);
1626 =notfor apidoc apply_attrs_string
1628 Attempts to apply a list of attributes specified by the C<attrstr> and
1629 C<len> arguments to the subroutine identified by the C<cv> argument which
1630 is expected to be associated with the package identified by the C<stashpv>
1631 argument (see L<attributes>). It gets this wrong, though, in that it
1632 does not correctly identify the boundaries of the individual attribute
1633 specifications within C<attrstr>. This is not really intended for the
1634 public API, but has to be listed here for systems such as AIX which
1635 need an explicit export list for symbols. (It's called from XS code
1636 in support of the C<ATTRS:> keyword from F<xsubpp>.) Patches to fix it
1637 to respect attribute syntax properly would be welcome.
1643 Perl_apply_attrs_string(pTHX_ const char *stashpv, CV *cv,
1644 const char *attrstr, STRLEN len)
1649 len = strlen(attrstr);
1653 for (; isSPACE(*attrstr) && len; --len, ++attrstr) ;
1655 const char * const sstr = attrstr;
1656 for (; !isSPACE(*attrstr) && len; --len, ++attrstr) ;
1657 attrs = append_elem(OP_LIST, attrs,
1658 newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0,
1659 newSVpvn(sstr, attrstr-sstr)));
1663 Perl_load_module(aTHX_ PERL_LOADMOD_IMPORT_OPS,
1664 newSVpvn(ATTRSMODULE, sizeof(ATTRSMODULE)-1),
1665 Nullsv, prepend_elem(OP_LIST,
1666 newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, newSVpv(stashpv,0)),
1667 prepend_elem(OP_LIST,
1668 newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0,
1674 S_my_kid(pTHX_ OP *o, OP *attrs, OP **imopsp)
1678 if (!o || PL_error_count)
1682 if (type == OP_LIST) {
1684 for (kid = cLISTOPo->op_first; kid; kid = kid->op_sibling)
1685 my_kid(kid, attrs, imopsp);
1686 } else if (type == OP_UNDEF) {
1688 } else if (type == OP_RV2SV || /* "our" declaration */
1690 type == OP_RV2HV) { /* XXX does this let anything illegal in? */
1691 if (cUNOPo->op_first->op_type != OP_GV) { /* MJD 20011224 */
1692 yyerror(Perl_form(aTHX_ "Can't declare %s in %s",
1693 OP_DESC(o), PL_in_my == KEY_our ? "our" : "my"));
1695 GV * const gv = cGVOPx_gv(cUNOPo->op_first);
1697 PL_in_my_stash = Nullhv;
1698 apply_attrs(GvSTASH(gv),
1699 (type == OP_RV2SV ? GvSV(gv) :
1700 type == OP_RV2AV ? (SV*)GvAV(gv) :
1701 type == OP_RV2HV ? (SV*)GvHV(gv) : (SV*)gv),
1704 o->op_private |= OPpOUR_INTRO;
1707 else if (type != OP_PADSV &&
1710 type != OP_PUSHMARK)
1712 yyerror(Perl_form(aTHX_ "Can't declare %s in \"%s\"",
1714 PL_in_my == KEY_our ? "our" : "my"));
1717 else if (attrs && type != OP_PUSHMARK) {
1721 PL_in_my_stash = Nullhv;
1723 /* check for C<my Dog $spot> when deciding package */
1724 stash = PAD_COMPNAME_TYPE(o->op_targ);
1726 stash = PL_curstash;
1727 apply_attrs_my(stash, o, attrs, imopsp);
1729 o->op_flags |= OPf_MOD;
1730 o->op_private |= OPpLVAL_INTRO;
1735 Perl_my_attrs(pTHX_ OP *o, OP *attrs)
1738 int maybe_scalar = 0;
1740 /* [perl #17376]: this appears to be premature, and results in code such as
1741 C< our(%x); > executing in list mode rather than void mode */
1743 if (o->op_flags & OPf_PARENS)
1752 o = my_kid(o, attrs, &rops);
1754 if (maybe_scalar && o->op_type == OP_PADSV) {
1755 o = scalar(append_list(OP_LIST, (LISTOP*)rops, (LISTOP*)o));
1756 o->op_private |= OPpLVAL_INTRO;
1759 o = append_list(OP_LIST, (LISTOP*)o, (LISTOP*)rops);
1762 PL_in_my_stash = Nullhv;
1767 Perl_my(pTHX_ OP *o)
1769 return my_attrs(o, Nullop);
1773 Perl_sawparens(pTHX_ OP *o)
1776 o->op_flags |= OPf_PARENS;
1781 Perl_bind_match(pTHX_ I32 type, OP *left, OP *right)
1786 if ( (left->op_type == OP_RV2AV ||
1787 left->op_type == OP_RV2HV ||
1788 left->op_type == OP_PADAV ||
1789 left->op_type == OP_PADHV)
1790 && ckWARN(WARN_MISC))
1792 const char * const desc = PL_op_desc[(right->op_type == OP_SUBST ||
1793 right->op_type == OP_TRANS)
1794 ? right->op_type : OP_MATCH];
1795 const char * const sample = ((left->op_type == OP_RV2AV ||
1796 left->op_type == OP_PADAV)
1797 ? "@array" : "%hash");
1798 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_MISC),
1799 "Applying %s to %s will act on scalar(%s)",
1800 desc, sample, sample);
1803 if (right->op_type == OP_CONST &&
1804 cSVOPx(right)->op_private & OPpCONST_BARE &&
1805 cSVOPx(right)->op_private & OPpCONST_STRICT)
1807 no_bareword_allowed(right);
1810 ismatchop = right->op_type == OP_MATCH ||
1811 right->op_type == OP_SUBST ||
1812 right->op_type == OP_TRANS;
1813 if (ismatchop && right->op_private & OPpTARGET_MY) {
1815 right->op_private &= ~OPpTARGET_MY;
1817 if (!(right->op_flags & OPf_STACKED) && ismatchop) {
1818 right->op_flags |= OPf_STACKED;
1819 if (right->op_type != OP_MATCH &&
1820 ! (right->op_type == OP_TRANS &&
1821 right->op_private & OPpTRANS_IDENTICAL))
1822 left = mod(left, right->op_type);
1823 if (right->op_type == OP_TRANS)
1824 o = newBINOP(OP_NULL, OPf_STACKED, scalar(left), right);
1826 o = prepend_elem(right->op_type, scalar(left), right);
1828 return newUNOP(OP_NOT, 0, scalar(o));
1832 return bind_match(type, left,
1833 pmruntime(newPMOP(OP_MATCH, 0), right, 0));
1837 Perl_invert(pTHX_ OP *o)
1841 /* XXX need to optimize away NOT NOT here? Or do we let optimizer do it? */
1842 return newUNOP(OP_NOT, OPf_SPECIAL, scalar(o));
1846 Perl_scope(pTHX_ OP *o)
1850 if (o->op_flags & OPf_PARENS || PERLDB_NOOPT || PL_tainting) {
1851 o = prepend_elem(OP_LINESEQ, newOP(OP_ENTER, 0), o);
1852 o->op_type = OP_LEAVE;
1853 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_LEAVE];
1855 else if (o->op_type == OP_LINESEQ) {
1857 o->op_type = OP_SCOPE;
1858 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_SCOPE];
1859 kid = ((LISTOP*)o)->op_first;
1860 if (kid->op_type == OP_NEXTSTATE || kid->op_type == OP_DBSTATE) {
1863 /* The following deals with things like 'do {1 for 1}' */
1864 kid = kid->op_sibling;
1866 (kid->op_type == OP_NEXTSTATE || kid->op_type == OP_DBSTATE))
1871 o = newLISTOP(OP_SCOPE, 0, o, Nullop);
1877 Perl_block_start(pTHX_ int full)
1879 const int retval = PL_savestack_ix;
1880 pad_block_start(full);
1882 PL_hints &= ~HINT_BLOCK_SCOPE;
1883 SAVESPTR(PL_compiling.cop_warnings);
1884 if (! specialWARN(PL_compiling.cop_warnings)) {
1885 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = newSVsv(PL_compiling.cop_warnings) ;
1886 SAVEFREESV(PL_compiling.cop_warnings) ;
1888 SAVESPTR(PL_compiling.cop_io);
1889 if (! specialCopIO(PL_compiling.cop_io)) {
1890 PL_compiling.cop_io = newSVsv(PL_compiling.cop_io) ;
1891 SAVEFREESV(PL_compiling.cop_io) ;
1897 Perl_block_end(pTHX_ I32 floor, OP *seq)
1899 const int needblockscope = PL_hints & HINT_BLOCK_SCOPE;
1900 OP* const retval = scalarseq(seq);
1902 PL_compiling.op_private = (U8)(PL_hints & HINT_PRIVATE_MASK);
1904 PL_hints |= HINT_BLOCK_SCOPE; /* propagate out */
1912 const I32 offset = pad_findmy("$_");
1913 if (offset == NOT_IN_PAD || PAD_COMPNAME_FLAGS(offset) & SVpad_OUR) {
1914 return newSVREF(newGVOP(OP_GV, 0, PL_defgv));
1917 OP * const o = newOP(OP_PADSV, 0);
1918 o->op_targ = offset;
1924 Perl_newPROG(pTHX_ OP *o)
1929 PL_eval_root = newUNOP(OP_LEAVEEVAL,
1930 ((PL_in_eval & EVAL_KEEPERR)
1931 ? OPf_SPECIAL : 0), o);
1932 PL_eval_start = linklist(PL_eval_root);
1933 PL_eval_root->op_private |= OPpREFCOUNTED;
1934 OpREFCNT_set(PL_eval_root, 1);
1935 PL_eval_root->op_next = 0;
1936 CALL_PEEP(PL_eval_start);
1939 if (o->op_type == OP_STUB) {
1940 PL_comppad_name = 0;
1945 PL_main_root = scope(sawparens(scalarvoid(o)));
1946 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
1947 PL_main_start = LINKLIST(PL_main_root);
1948 PL_main_root->op_private |= OPpREFCOUNTED;
1949 OpREFCNT_set(PL_main_root, 1);
1950 PL_main_root->op_next = 0;
1951 CALL_PEEP(PL_main_start);
1954 /* Register with debugger */
1956 CV * const cv = get_cv("DB::postponed", FALSE);
1960 XPUSHs((SV*)CopFILEGV(&PL_compiling));
1962 call_sv((SV*)cv, G_DISCARD);
1969 Perl_localize(pTHX_ OP *o, I32 lex)
1971 if (o->op_flags & OPf_PARENS)
1972 /* [perl #17376]: this appears to be premature, and results in code such as
1973 C< our(%x); > executing in list mode rather than void mode */
1980 if ( PL_bufptr > PL_oldbufptr && PL_bufptr[-1] == ','
1981 && ckWARN(WARN_PARENTHESIS))
1983 char *s = PL_bufptr;
1986 /* some heuristics to detect a potential error */
1987 while (*s && (strchr(", \t\n", *s)))
1991 if (*s && strchr("@$%*", *s) && *++s
1992 && (isALNUM(*s) || UTF8_IS_CONTINUED(*s))) {
1995 while (*s && (isALNUM(*s) || UTF8_IS_CONTINUED(*s)))
1997 while (*s && (strchr(", \t\n", *s)))
2003 if (sigil && (*s == ';' || *s == '=')) {
2004 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_PARENTHESIS),
2005 "Parentheses missing around \"%s\" list",
2006 lex ? (PL_in_my == KEY_our ? "our" : "my")
2014 o = mod(o, OP_NULL); /* a bit kludgey */
2016 PL_in_my_stash = Nullhv;
2021 Perl_jmaybe(pTHX_ OP *o)
2023 if (o->op_type == OP_LIST) {
2025 o2 = newSVREF(newGVOP(OP_GV, 0, gv_fetchpv(";", TRUE, SVt_PV))),
2026 o = convert(OP_JOIN, 0, prepend_elem(OP_LIST, o2, o));
2032 Perl_fold_constants(pTHX_ register OP *o)
2036 I32 type = o->op_type;
2039 if (PL_opargs[type] & OA_RETSCALAR)
2041 if (PL_opargs[type] & OA_TARGET && !o->op_targ)
2042 o->op_targ = pad_alloc(type, SVs_PADTMP);
2044 /* integerize op, unless it happens to be C<-foo>.
2045 * XXX should pp_i_negate() do magic string negation instead? */
2046 if ((PL_opargs[type] & OA_OTHERINT) && (PL_hints & HINT_INTEGER)
2047 && !(type == OP_NEGATE && cUNOPo->op_first->op_type == OP_CONST
2048 && (cUNOPo->op_first->op_private & OPpCONST_BARE)))
2050 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[type = ++(o->op_type)];
2053 if (!(PL_opargs[type] & OA_FOLDCONST))
2058 /* XXX might want a ck_negate() for this */
2059 cUNOPo->op_first->op_private &= ~OPpCONST_STRICT;
2071 /* XXX what about the numeric ops? */
2072 if (PL_hints & HINT_LOCALE)
2077 goto nope; /* Don't try to run w/ errors */
2079 for (curop = LINKLIST(o); curop != o; curop = LINKLIST(curop)) {
2080 if ((curop->op_type != OP_CONST ||
2081 (curop->op_private & OPpCONST_BARE)) &&
2082 curop->op_type != OP_LIST &&
2083 curop->op_type != OP_SCALAR &&
2084 curop->op_type != OP_NULL &&
2085 curop->op_type != OP_PUSHMARK)
2091 curop = LINKLIST(o);
2095 sv = *(PL_stack_sp--);
2096 if (o->op_targ && sv == PAD_SV(o->op_targ)) /* grab pad temp? */
2097 pad_swipe(o->op_targ, FALSE);
2098 else if (SvTEMP(sv)) { /* grab mortal temp? */
2099 (void)SvREFCNT_inc(sv);
2103 if (type == OP_RV2GV)
2104 return newGVOP(OP_GV, 0, (GV*)sv);
2105 return newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, sv);
2112 Perl_gen_constant_list(pTHX_ register OP *o)
2116 const I32 oldtmps_floor = PL_tmps_floor;
2120 return o; /* Don't attempt to run with errors */
2122 PL_op = curop = LINKLIST(o);
2129 PL_tmps_floor = oldtmps_floor;
2131 o->op_type = OP_RV2AV;
2132 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_RV2AV];
2133 o->op_flags &= ~OPf_REF; /* treat \(1..2) like an ordinary list */
2134 o->op_flags |= OPf_PARENS; /* and flatten \(1..2,3) */
2135 o->op_opt = 0; /* needs to be revisited in peep() */
2136 curop = ((UNOP*)o)->op_first;
2137 ((UNOP*)o)->op_first = newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, SvREFCNT_inc(*PL_stack_sp--));
2144 Perl_convert(pTHX_ I32 type, I32 flags, OP *o)
2147 if (!o || o->op_type != OP_LIST)
2148 o = newLISTOP(OP_LIST, 0, o, Nullop);
2150 o->op_flags &= ~OPf_WANT;
2152 if (!(PL_opargs[type] & OA_MARK))
2153 op_null(cLISTOPo->op_first);
2155 o->op_type = (OPCODE)type;
2156 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[type];
2157 o->op_flags |= flags;
2159 o = CHECKOP(type, o);
2160 if (o->op_type != (unsigned)type)
2163 return fold_constants(o);
2166 /* List constructors */
2169 Perl_append_elem(pTHX_ I32 type, OP *first, OP *last)
2177 if (first->op_type != (unsigned)type
2178 || (type == OP_LIST && (first->op_flags & OPf_PARENS)))
2180 return newLISTOP(type, 0, first, last);
2183 if (first->op_flags & OPf_KIDS)
2184 ((LISTOP*)first)->op_last->op_sibling = last;
2186 first->op_flags |= OPf_KIDS;
2187 ((LISTOP*)first)->op_first = last;
2189 ((LISTOP*)first)->op_last = last;
2194 Perl_append_list(pTHX_ I32 type, LISTOP *first, LISTOP *last)
2202 if (first->op_type != (unsigned)type)
2203 return prepend_elem(type, (OP*)first, (OP*)last);
2205 if (last->op_type != (unsigned)type)
2206 return append_elem(type, (OP*)first, (OP*)last);
2208 first->op_last->op_sibling = last->op_first;
2209 first->op_last = last->op_last;
2210 first->op_flags |= (last->op_flags & OPf_KIDS);
2218 Perl_prepend_elem(pTHX_ I32 type, OP *first, OP *last)
2226 if (last->op_type == (unsigned)type) {
2227 if (type == OP_LIST) { /* already a PUSHMARK there */
2228 first->op_sibling = ((LISTOP*)last)->op_first->op_sibling;
2229 ((LISTOP*)last)->op_first->op_sibling = first;
2230 if (!(first->op_flags & OPf_PARENS))
2231 last->op_flags &= ~OPf_PARENS;
2234 if (!(last->op_flags & OPf_KIDS)) {
2235 ((LISTOP*)last)->op_last = first;
2236 last->op_flags |= OPf_KIDS;
2238 first->op_sibling = ((LISTOP*)last)->op_first;
2239 ((LISTOP*)last)->op_first = first;
2241 last->op_flags |= OPf_KIDS;
2245 return newLISTOP(type, 0, first, last);
2251 Perl_newNULLLIST(pTHX)
2253 return newOP(OP_STUB, 0);
2257 Perl_force_list(pTHX_ OP *o)
2259 if (!o || o->op_type != OP_LIST)
2260 o = newLISTOP(OP_LIST, 0, o, Nullop);
2266 Perl_newLISTOP(pTHX_ I32 type, I32 flags, OP *first, OP *last)
2271 NewOp(1101, listop, 1, LISTOP);
2273 listop->op_type = (OPCODE)type;
2274 listop->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[type];
2277 listop->op_flags = (U8)flags;
2281 else if (!first && last)
2284 first->op_sibling = last;
2285 listop->op_first = first;
2286 listop->op_last = last;
2287 if (type == OP_LIST) {
2288 OP* const pushop = newOP(OP_PUSHMARK, 0);
2289 pushop->op_sibling = first;
2290 listop->op_first = pushop;
2291 listop->op_flags |= OPf_KIDS;
2293 listop->op_last = pushop;
2296 return CHECKOP(type, listop);
2300 Perl_newOP(pTHX_ I32 type, I32 flags)
2304 NewOp(1101, o, 1, OP);
2305 o->op_type = (OPCODE)type;
2306 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[type];
2307 o->op_flags = (U8)flags;
2310 o->op_private = (U8)(0 | (flags >> 8));
2311 if (PL_opargs[type] & OA_RETSCALAR)
2313 if (PL_opargs[type] & OA_TARGET)
2314 o->op_targ = pad_alloc(type, SVs_PADTMP);
2315 return CHECKOP(type, o);
2319 Perl_newUNOP(pTHX_ I32 type, I32 flags, OP *first)
2325 first = newOP(OP_STUB, 0);
2326 if (PL_opargs[type] & OA_MARK)
2327 first = force_list(first);
2329 NewOp(1101, unop, 1, UNOP);
2330 unop->op_type = (OPCODE)type;
2331 unop->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[type];
2332 unop->op_first = first;
2333 unop->op_flags = (U8)(flags | OPf_KIDS);
2334 unop->op_private = (U8)(1 | (flags >> 8));
2335 unop = (UNOP*) CHECKOP(type, unop);
2339 return fold_constants((OP *) unop);
2343 Perl_newBINOP(pTHX_ I32 type, I32 flags, OP *first, OP *last)
2347 NewOp(1101, binop, 1, BINOP);
2350 first = newOP(OP_NULL, 0);
2352 binop->op_type = (OPCODE)type;
2353 binop->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[type];
2354 binop->op_first = first;
2355 binop->op_flags = (U8)(flags | OPf_KIDS);
2358 binop->op_private = (U8)(1 | (flags >> 8));
2361 binop->op_private = (U8)(2 | (flags >> 8));
2362 first->op_sibling = last;
2365 binop = (BINOP*)CHECKOP(type, binop);
2366 if (binop->op_next || binop->op_type != (OPCODE)type)
2369 binop->op_last = binop->op_first->op_sibling;
2371 return fold_constants((OP *)binop);
2374 static int uvcompare(const void *a, const void *b) __attribute__nonnull__(1) __attribute__nonnull__(2) __attribute__pure__;
2375 static int uvcompare(const void *a, const void *b)
2377 if (*((const UV *)a) < (*(const UV *)b))
2379 if (*((const UV *)a) > (*(const UV *)b))
2381 if (*((const UV *)a+1) < (*(const UV *)b+1))
2383 if (*((const UV *)a+1) > (*(const UV *)b+1))
2389 Perl_pmtrans(pTHX_ OP *o, OP *expr, OP *repl)
2391 SV * const tstr = ((SVOP*)expr)->op_sv;
2392 SV * const rstr = ((SVOP*)repl)->op_sv;
2395 const U8 *t = (U8*)SvPV_const(tstr, tlen);
2396 const U8 *r = (U8*)SvPV_const(rstr, rlen);
2400 register short *tbl;
2402 const I32 complement = o->op_private & OPpTRANS_COMPLEMENT;
2403 const I32 squash = o->op_private & OPpTRANS_SQUASH;
2404 I32 del = o->op_private & OPpTRANS_DELETE;
2405 PL_hints |= HINT_BLOCK_SCOPE;
2408 o->op_private |= OPpTRANS_FROM_UTF;
2411 o->op_private |= OPpTRANS_TO_UTF;
2413 if (o->op_private & (OPpTRANS_FROM_UTF|OPpTRANS_TO_UTF)) {
2414 SV* const listsv = newSVpvn("# comment\n",10);
2416 const U8* tend = t + tlen;
2417 const U8* rend = r + rlen;
2431 const I32 from_utf = o->op_private & OPpTRANS_FROM_UTF;
2432 const I32 to_utf = o->op_private & OPpTRANS_TO_UTF;
2438 t = tsave = bytes_to_utf8(t, &len);
2441 if (!to_utf && rlen) {
2443 r = rsave = bytes_to_utf8(r, &len);
2447 /* There are several snags with this code on EBCDIC:
2448 1. 0xFF is a legal UTF-EBCDIC byte (there are no illegal bytes).
2449 2. scan_const() in toke.c has encoded chars in native encoding which makes
2450 ranges at least in EBCDIC 0..255 range the bottom odd.
2454 U8 tmpbuf[UTF8_MAXBYTES+1];
2457 Newx(cp, 2*tlen, UV);
2459 transv = newSVpvn("",0);
2461 cp[2*i] = utf8n_to_uvuni(t, tend-t, &ulen, 0);
2463 if (t < tend && NATIVE_TO_UTF(*t) == 0xff) {
2465 cp[2*i+1] = utf8n_to_uvuni(t, tend-t, &ulen, 0);
2469 cp[2*i+1] = cp[2*i];
2473 qsort(cp, i, 2*sizeof(UV), uvcompare);
2474 for (j = 0; j < i; j++) {
2476 diff = val - nextmin;
2478 t = uvuni_to_utf8(tmpbuf,nextmin);
2479 sv_catpvn(transv, (char*)tmpbuf, t - tmpbuf);
2481 U8 range_mark = UTF_TO_NATIVE(0xff);
2482 t = uvuni_to_utf8(tmpbuf, val - 1);
2483 sv_catpvn(transv, (char *)&range_mark, 1);
2484 sv_catpvn(transv, (char*)tmpbuf, t - tmpbuf);
2491 t = uvuni_to_utf8(tmpbuf,nextmin);
2492 sv_catpvn(transv, (char*)tmpbuf, t - tmpbuf);
2494 U8 range_mark = UTF_TO_NATIVE(0xff);
2495 sv_catpvn(transv, (char *)&range_mark, 1);
2497 t = uvuni_to_utf8_flags(tmpbuf, 0x7fffffff,
2498 UNICODE_ALLOW_SUPER);
2499 sv_catpvn(transv, (char*)tmpbuf, t - tmpbuf);
2500 t = (const U8*)SvPVX_const(transv);
2501 tlen = SvCUR(transv);
2505 else if (!rlen && !del) {
2506 r = t; rlen = tlen; rend = tend;
2509 if ((!rlen && !del) || t == r ||
2510 (tlen == rlen && memEQ((char *)t, (char *)r, tlen)))
2512 o->op_private |= OPpTRANS_IDENTICAL;
2516 while (t < tend || tfirst <= tlast) {
2517 /* see if we need more "t" chars */
2518 if (tfirst > tlast) {
2519 tfirst = (I32)utf8n_to_uvuni(t, tend - t, &ulen, 0);
2521 if (t < tend && NATIVE_TO_UTF(*t) == 0xff) { /* illegal utf8 val indicates range */
2523 tlast = (I32)utf8n_to_uvuni(t, tend - t, &ulen, 0);
2530 /* now see if we need more "r" chars */
2531 if (rfirst > rlast) {
2533 rfirst = (I32)utf8n_to_uvuni(r, rend - r, &ulen, 0);
2535 if (r < rend && NATIVE_TO_UTF(*r) == 0xff) { /* illegal utf8 val indicates range */
2537 rlast = (I32)utf8n_to_uvuni(r, rend - r, &ulen, 0);
2546 rfirst = rlast = 0xffffffff;
2550 /* now see which range will peter our first, if either. */
2551 tdiff = tlast - tfirst;
2552 rdiff = rlast - rfirst;
2559 if (rfirst == 0xffffffff) {
2560 diff = tdiff; /* oops, pretend rdiff is infinite */
2562 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ listsv, "%04lx\t%04lx\tXXXX\n",
2563 (long)tfirst, (long)tlast);
2565 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ listsv, "%04lx\t\tXXXX\n", (long)tfirst);
2569 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ listsv, "%04lx\t%04lx\t%04lx\n",
2570 (long)tfirst, (long)(tfirst + diff),
2573 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ listsv, "%04lx\t\t%04lx\n",
2574 (long)tfirst, (long)rfirst);
2576 if (rfirst + diff > max)
2577 max = rfirst + diff;
2579 grows = (tfirst < rfirst &&
2580 UNISKIP(tfirst) < UNISKIP(rfirst + diff));
2592 else if (max > 0xff)
2597 Safefree(cPVOPo->op_pv);
2598 cSVOPo->op_sv = (SV*)swash_init("utf8", "", listsv, bits, none);
2599 SvREFCNT_dec(listsv);
2601 SvREFCNT_dec(transv);
2603 if (!del && havefinal && rlen)
2604 (void)hv_store((HV*)SvRV((cSVOPo->op_sv)), "FINAL", 5,
2605 newSVuv((UV)final), 0);
2608 o->op_private |= OPpTRANS_GROWS;
2620 tbl = (short*)cPVOPo->op_pv;
2622 Zero(tbl, 256, short);
2623 for (i = 0; i < (I32)tlen; i++)
2625 for (i = 0, j = 0; i < 256; i++) {
2627 if (j >= (I32)rlen) {
2636 if (i < 128 && r[j] >= 128)
2646 o->op_private |= OPpTRANS_IDENTICAL;
2648 else if (j >= (I32)rlen)
2651 cPVOPo->op_pv = (char*)Renew(tbl, 0x101+rlen-j, short);
2652 tbl[0x100] = (short)(rlen - j);
2653 for (i=0; i < (I32)rlen - j; i++)
2654 tbl[0x101+i] = r[j+i];
2658 if (!rlen && !del) {
2661 o->op_private |= OPpTRANS_IDENTICAL;
2663 else if (!squash && rlen == tlen && memEQ((char*)t, (char*)r, tlen)) {
2664 o->op_private |= OPpTRANS_IDENTICAL;
2666 for (i = 0; i < 256; i++)
2668 for (i = 0, j = 0; i < (I32)tlen; i++,j++) {
2669 if (j >= (I32)rlen) {
2671 if (tbl[t[i]] == -1)
2677 if (tbl[t[i]] == -1) {
2678 if (t[i] < 128 && r[j] >= 128)
2685 o->op_private |= OPpTRANS_GROWS;
2693 Perl_newPMOP(pTHX_ I32 type, I32 flags)
2698 NewOp(1101, pmop, 1, PMOP);
2699 pmop->op_type = (OPCODE)type;
2700 pmop->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[type];
2701 pmop->op_flags = (U8)flags;
2702 pmop->op_private = (U8)(0 | (flags >> 8));
2704 if (PL_hints & HINT_RE_TAINT)
2705 pmop->op_pmpermflags |= PMf_RETAINT;
2706 if (PL_hints & HINT_LOCALE)
2707 pmop->op_pmpermflags |= PMf_LOCALE;
2708 pmop->op_pmflags = pmop->op_pmpermflags;
2711 if (av_len((AV*) PL_regex_pad[0]) > -1) {
2712 SV * const repointer = av_pop((AV*)PL_regex_pad[0]);
2713 pmop->op_pmoffset = SvIV(repointer);
2714 SvREPADTMP_off(repointer);
2715 sv_setiv(repointer,0);
2717 SV * const repointer = newSViv(0);
2718 av_push(PL_regex_padav,SvREFCNT_inc(repointer));
2719 pmop->op_pmoffset = av_len(PL_regex_padav);
2720 PL_regex_pad = AvARRAY(PL_regex_padav);
2724 /* link into pm list */
2725 if (type != OP_TRANS && PL_curstash) {
2726 MAGIC *mg = mg_find((SV*)PL_curstash, PERL_MAGIC_symtab);
2729 mg = sv_magicext((SV*)PL_curstash, 0, PERL_MAGIC_symtab, 0, 0, 0);
2731 pmop->op_pmnext = (PMOP*)mg->mg_obj;
2732 mg->mg_obj = (SV*)pmop;
2733 PmopSTASH_set(pmop,PL_curstash);
2736 return CHECKOP(type, pmop);
2739 /* Given some sort of match op o, and an expression expr containing a
2740 * pattern, either compile expr into a regex and attach it to o (if it's
2741 * constant), or convert expr into a runtime regcomp op sequence (if it's
2744 * isreg indicates that the pattern is part of a regex construct, eg
2745 * $x =~ /pattern/ or split /pattern/, as opposed to $x =~ $pattern or
2746 * split "pattern", which aren't. In the former case, expr will be a list
2747 * if the pattern contains more than one term (eg /a$b/) or if it contains
2748 * a replacement, ie s/// or tr///.
2752 Perl_pmruntime(pTHX_ OP *o, OP *expr, bool isreg)
2757 I32 repl_has_vars = 0;
2761 if (o->op_type == OP_SUBST || o->op_type == OP_TRANS) {
2762 /* last element in list is the replacement; pop it */
2764 repl = cLISTOPx(expr)->op_last;
2765 kid = cLISTOPx(expr)->op_first;
2766 while (kid->op_sibling != repl)
2767 kid = kid->op_sibling;
2768 kid->op_sibling = Nullop;
2769 cLISTOPx(expr)->op_last = kid;
2772 if (isreg && expr->op_type == OP_LIST &&
2773 cLISTOPx(expr)->op_first->op_sibling == cLISTOPx(expr)->op_last)
2775 /* convert single element list to element */
2777 expr = cLISTOPx(oe)->op_first->op_sibling;
2778 cLISTOPx(oe)->op_first->op_sibling = Nullop;
2779 cLISTOPx(oe)->op_last = Nullop;
2783 if (o->op_type == OP_TRANS) {
2784 return pmtrans(o, expr, repl);
2787 reglist = isreg && expr->op_type == OP_LIST;
2791 PL_hints |= HINT_BLOCK_SCOPE;
2794 if (expr->op_type == OP_CONST) {
2796 SV *pat = ((SVOP*)expr)->op_sv;
2797 const char *p = SvPV_const(pat, plen);
2798 if ((o->op_flags & OPf_SPECIAL) && (*p == ' ' && p[1] == '\0')) {
2799 U32 was_readonly = SvREADONLY(pat);
2803 sv_force_normal_flags(pat, 0);
2804 assert(!SvREADONLY(pat));
2807 SvREADONLY_off(pat);
2811 sv_setpvn(pat, "\\s+", 3);
2813 SvFLAGS(pat) |= was_readonly;
2815 p = SvPV_const(pat, plen);
2816 pm->op_pmflags |= PMf_SKIPWHITE;
2819 pm->op_pmdynflags |= PMdf_UTF8;
2820 /* FIXME - can we make this function take const char * args? */
2821 PM_SETRE(pm, CALLREGCOMP(aTHX_ (char*)p, (char*)p + plen, pm));
2822 if (strEQ("\\s+", PM_GETRE(pm)->precomp))
2823 pm->op_pmflags |= PMf_WHITE;
2827 if (pm->op_pmflags & PMf_KEEP || !(PL_hints & HINT_RE_EVAL))
2828 expr = newUNOP((!(PL_hints & HINT_RE_EVAL)
2830 : OP_REGCMAYBE),0,expr);
2832 NewOp(1101, rcop, 1, LOGOP);
2833 rcop->op_type = OP_REGCOMP;
2834 rcop->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_REGCOMP];
2835 rcop->op_first = scalar(expr);
2836 rcop->op_flags |= OPf_KIDS
2837 | ((PL_hints & HINT_RE_EVAL) ? OPf_SPECIAL : 0)
2838 | (reglist ? OPf_STACKED : 0);
2839 rcop->op_private = 1;
2842 rcop->op_targ = pad_alloc(rcop->op_type, SVs_PADTMP);
2844 /* /$x/ may cause an eval, since $x might be qr/(?{..})/ */
2847 /* establish postfix order */
2848 if (pm->op_pmflags & PMf_KEEP || !(PL_hints & HINT_RE_EVAL)) {
2850 rcop->op_next = expr;
2851 ((UNOP*)expr)->op_first->op_next = (OP*)rcop;
2854 rcop->op_next = LINKLIST(expr);
2855 expr->op_next = (OP*)rcop;
2858 prepend_elem(o->op_type, scalar((OP*)rcop), o);
2863 if (pm->op_pmflags & PMf_EVAL) {
2865 if (CopLINE(PL_curcop) < (line_t)PL_multi_end)
2866 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, (line_t)PL_multi_end);
2868 else if (repl->op_type == OP_CONST)
2872 for (curop = LINKLIST(repl); curop!=repl; curop = LINKLIST(curop)) {
2873 if (PL_opargs[curop->op_type] & OA_DANGEROUS) {
2874 if (curop->op_type == OP_GV) {
2875 GV *gv = cGVOPx_gv(curop);
2877 if (strchr("&`'123456789+-\016\022", *GvENAME(gv)))
2880 else if (curop->op_type == OP_RV2CV)
2882 else if (curop->op_type == OP_RV2SV ||
2883 curop->op_type == OP_RV2AV ||
2884 curop->op_type == OP_RV2HV ||
2885 curop->op_type == OP_RV2GV) {
2886 if (lastop && lastop->op_type != OP_GV) /*funny deref?*/
2889 else if (curop->op_type == OP_PADSV ||
2890 curop->op_type == OP_PADAV ||
2891 curop->op_type == OP_PADHV ||
2892 curop->op_type == OP_PADANY) {
2895 else if (curop->op_type == OP_PUSHRE)
2896 ; /* Okay here, dangerous in newASSIGNOP */
2906 || PM_GETRE(pm)->reganch & ROPT_EVAL_SEEN))) {
2907 pm->op_pmflags |= PMf_CONST; /* const for long enough */
2908 pm->op_pmpermflags |= PMf_CONST; /* const for long enough */
2909 prepend_elem(o->op_type, scalar(repl), o);
2912 if (curop == repl && !PM_GETRE(pm)) { /* Has variables. */
2913 pm->op_pmflags |= PMf_MAYBE_CONST;
2914 pm->op_pmpermflags |= PMf_MAYBE_CONST;
2916 NewOp(1101, rcop, 1, LOGOP);
2917 rcop->op_type = OP_SUBSTCONT;
2918 rcop->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_SUBSTCONT];
2919 rcop->op_first = scalar(repl);
2920 rcop->op_flags |= OPf_KIDS;
2921 rcop->op_private = 1;
2924 /* establish postfix order */
2925 rcop->op_next = LINKLIST(repl);
2926 repl->op_next = (OP*)rcop;
2928 pm->op_pmreplroot = scalar((OP*)rcop);
2929 pm->op_pmreplstart = LINKLIST(rcop);
2938 Perl_newSVOP(pTHX_ I32 type, I32 flags, SV *sv)
2942 NewOp(1101, svop, 1, SVOP);
2943 svop->op_type = (OPCODE)type;
2944 svop->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[type];
2946 svop->op_next = (OP*)svop;
2947 svop->op_flags = (U8)flags;
2948 if (PL_opargs[type] & OA_RETSCALAR)
2950 if (PL_opargs[type] & OA_TARGET)
2951 svop->op_targ = pad_alloc(type, SVs_PADTMP);
2952 return CHECKOP(type, svop);
2956 Perl_newPADOP(pTHX_ I32 type, I32 flags, SV *sv)
2960 NewOp(1101, padop, 1, PADOP);
2961 padop->op_type = (OPCODE)type;
2962 padop->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[type];
2963 padop->op_padix = pad_alloc(type, SVs_PADTMP);
2964 SvREFCNT_dec(PAD_SVl(padop->op_padix));
2965 PAD_SETSV(padop->op_padix, sv);
2968 padop->op_next = (OP*)padop;
2969 padop->op_flags = (U8)flags;
2970 if (PL_opargs[type] & OA_RETSCALAR)
2972 if (PL_opargs[type] & OA_TARGET)
2973 padop->op_targ = pad_alloc(type, SVs_PADTMP);
2974 return CHECKOP(type, padop);
2978 Perl_newGVOP(pTHX_ I32 type, I32 flags, GV *gv)
2984 return newPADOP(type, flags, SvREFCNT_inc(gv));
2986 return newSVOP(type, flags, SvREFCNT_inc(gv));
2991 Perl_newPVOP(pTHX_ I32 type, I32 flags, char *pv)
2995 NewOp(1101, pvop, 1, PVOP);
2996 pvop->op_type = (OPCODE)type;
2997 pvop->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[type];
2999 pvop->op_next = (OP*)pvop;
3000 pvop->op_flags = (U8)flags;
3001 if (PL_opargs[type] & OA_RETSCALAR)
3003 if (PL_opargs[type] & OA_TARGET)
3004 pvop->op_targ = pad_alloc(type, SVs_PADTMP);
3005 return CHECKOP(type, pvop);
3009 Perl_package(pTHX_ OP *o)
3014 save_hptr(&PL_curstash);
3015 save_item(PL_curstname);
3017 name = SvPV_const(cSVOPo->op_sv, len);
3018 PL_curstash = gv_stashpvn(name, len, TRUE);
3019 sv_setpvn(PL_curstname, name, len);
3022 PL_hints |= HINT_BLOCK_SCOPE;
3023 PL_copline = NOLINE;
3028 Perl_utilize(pTHX_ int aver, I32 floor, OP *version, OP *idop, OP *arg)
3034 if (idop->op_type != OP_CONST)
3035 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Module name must be constant");
3040 SV * const vesv = ((SVOP*)version)->op_sv;
3042 if (!arg && !SvNIOKp(vesv)) {
3049 if (version->op_type != OP_CONST || !SvNIOKp(vesv))
3050 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Version number must be constant number");
3052 /* Make copy of idop so we don't free it twice */
3053 pack = newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, newSVsv(((SVOP*)idop)->op_sv));
3055 /* Fake up a method call to VERSION */
3056 meth = newSVpvn_share("VERSION", 7, 0);
3057 veop = convert(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_STACKED|OPf_SPECIAL,
3058 append_elem(OP_LIST,
3059 prepend_elem(OP_LIST, pack, list(version)),
3060 newSVOP(OP_METHOD_NAMED, 0, meth)));
3064 /* Fake up an import/unimport */
3065 if (arg && arg->op_type == OP_STUB)
3066 imop = arg; /* no import on explicit () */
3067 else if (SvNIOKp(((SVOP*)idop)->op_sv)) {
3068 imop = Nullop; /* use 5.0; */
3070 idop->op_private |= OPpCONST_NOVER;
3075 /* Make copy of idop so we don't free it twice */
3076 pack = newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, newSVsv(((SVOP*)idop)->op_sv));
3078 /* Fake up a method call to import/unimport */
3080 ? newSVpvn_share("import",6, 0) : newSVpvn_share("unimport", 8, 0);
3081 imop = convert(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_STACKED|OPf_SPECIAL,
3082 append_elem(OP_LIST,
3083 prepend_elem(OP_LIST, pack, list(arg)),
3084 newSVOP(OP_METHOD_NAMED, 0, meth)));
3087 /* Fake up the BEGIN {}, which does its thing immediately. */
3089 newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, newSVpvn_share("BEGIN", 5, 0)),
3092 append_elem(OP_LINESEQ,
3093 append_elem(OP_LINESEQ,
3094 newSTATEOP(0, Nullch, newUNOP(OP_REQUIRE, 0, idop)),
3095 newSTATEOP(0, Nullch, veop)),
3096 newSTATEOP(0, Nullch, imop) ));
3098 /* The "did you use incorrect case?" warning used to be here.
3099 * The problem is that on case-insensitive filesystems one
3100 * might get false positives for "use" (and "require"):
3101 * "use Strict" or "require CARP" will work. This causes
3102 * portability problems for the script: in case-strict
3103 * filesystems the script will stop working.
3105 * The "incorrect case" warning checked whether "use Foo"
3106 * imported "Foo" to your namespace, but that is wrong, too:
3107 * there is no requirement nor promise in the language that
3108 * a Foo.pm should or would contain anything in package "Foo".
3110 * There is very little Configure-wise that can be done, either:
3111 * the case-sensitivity of the build filesystem of Perl does not
3112 * help in guessing the case-sensitivity of the runtime environment.
3115 PL_hints |= HINT_BLOCK_SCOPE;
3116 PL_copline = NOLINE;
3118 PL_cop_seqmax++; /* Purely for B::*'s benefit */
3122 =head1 Embedding Functions
3124 =for apidoc load_module
3126 Loads the module whose name is pointed to by the string part of name.
3127 Note that the actual module name, not its filename, should be given.
3128 Eg, "Foo::Bar" instead of "Foo/Bar.pm". flags can be any of
3129 PERL_LOADMOD_DENY, PERL_LOADMOD_NOIMPORT, or PERL_LOADMOD_IMPORT_OPS
3130 (or 0 for no flags). ver, if specified, provides version semantics
3131 similar to C<use Foo::Bar VERSION>. The optional trailing SV*
3132 arguments can be used to specify arguments to the module's import()
3133 method, similar to C<use Foo::Bar VERSION LIST>.
3138 Perl_load_module(pTHX_ U32 flags, SV *name, SV *ver, ...)
3141 va_start(args, ver);
3142 vload_module(flags, name, ver, &args);
3146 #ifdef PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT
3148 Perl_load_module_nocontext(U32 flags, SV *name, SV *ver, ...)
3152 va_start(args, ver);
3153 vload_module(flags, name, ver, &args);
3159 Perl_vload_module(pTHX_ U32 flags, SV *name, SV *ver, va_list *args)
3163 OP * const modname = newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, name);
3164 modname->op_private |= OPpCONST_BARE;
3166 veop = newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, ver);
3170 if (flags & PERL_LOADMOD_NOIMPORT) {
3171 imop = sawparens(newNULLLIST());
3173 else if (flags & PERL_LOADMOD_IMPORT_OPS) {
3174 imop = va_arg(*args, OP*);
3179 sv = va_arg(*args, SV*);
3181 imop = append_elem(OP_LIST, imop, newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, sv));
3182 sv = va_arg(*args, SV*);
3186 const line_t ocopline = PL_copline;
3187 COP * const ocurcop = PL_curcop;
3188 const int oexpect = PL_expect;
3190 utilize(!(flags & PERL_LOADMOD_DENY), start_subparse(FALSE, 0),
3191 veop, modname, imop);
3192 PL_expect = oexpect;
3193 PL_copline = ocopline;
3194 PL_curcop = ocurcop;
3199 Perl_dofile(pTHX_ OP *term, I32 force_builtin)
3204 if (!force_builtin) {
3205 gv = gv_fetchpv("do", FALSE, SVt_PVCV);
3206 if (!(gv && GvCVu(gv) && GvIMPORTED_CV(gv))) {
3207 GV * const * const gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(PL_globalstash, "do", 2, FALSE);
3208 gv = gvp ? *gvp : Nullgv;
3212 if (gv && GvCVu(gv) && GvIMPORTED_CV(gv)) {
3213 doop = ck_subr(newUNOP(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_STACKED,
3214 append_elem(OP_LIST, term,
3215 scalar(newUNOP(OP_RV2CV, 0,
3220 doop = newUNOP(OP_DOFILE, 0, scalar(term));
3226 Perl_newSLICEOP(pTHX_ I32 flags, OP *subscript, OP *listval)
3228 return newBINOP(OP_LSLICE, flags,
3229 list(force_list(subscript)),
3230 list(force_list(listval)) );
3234 S_is_list_assignment(pTHX_ register const OP *o)
3239 if (o->op_type == OP_NULL && o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS)
3240 o = cUNOPo->op_first;
3242 if (o->op_type == OP_COND_EXPR) {
3243 const I32 t = is_list_assignment(cLOGOPo->op_first->op_sibling);
3244 const I32 f = is_list_assignment(cLOGOPo->op_first->op_sibling->op_sibling);
3249 yyerror("Assignment to both a list and a scalar");
3253 if (o->op_type == OP_LIST &&
3254 (o->op_flags & OPf_WANT) == OPf_WANT_SCALAR &&
3255 o->op_private & OPpLVAL_INTRO)
3258 if (o->op_type == OP_LIST || o->op_flags & OPf_PARENS ||
3259 o->op_type == OP_RV2AV || o->op_type == OP_RV2HV ||
3260 o->op_type == OP_ASLICE || o->op_type == OP_HSLICE)
3263 if (o->op_type == OP_PADAV || o->op_type == OP_PADHV)
3266 if (o->op_type == OP_RV2SV)
3273 Perl_newASSIGNOP(pTHX_ I32 flags, OP *left, I32 optype, OP *right)
3278 if (optype == OP_ANDASSIGN || optype == OP_ORASSIGN || optype == OP_DORASSIGN) {
3279 return newLOGOP(optype, 0,
3280 mod(scalar(left), optype),
3281 newUNOP(OP_SASSIGN, 0, scalar(right)));
3284 return newBINOP(optype, OPf_STACKED,
3285 mod(scalar(left), optype), scalar(right));
3289 if (is_list_assignment(left)) {
3293 /* Grandfathering $[ assignment here. Bletch.*/
3294 /* Only simple assignments like C<< ($[) = 1 >> are allowed */
3295 PL_eval_start = (left->op_type == OP_CONST) ? right : 0;
3296 left = mod(left, OP_AASSIGN);
3299 else if (left->op_type == OP_CONST) {
3300 /* Result of assignment is always 1 (or we'd be dead already) */
3301 return newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, newSViv(1));
3303 /* optimise C<my @x = ()> to C<my @x>, and likewise for hashes */
3304 if ((left->op_type == OP_PADAV || left->op_type == OP_PADHV)
3305 && right->op_type == OP_STUB
3306 && (left->op_private & OPpLVAL_INTRO))
3309 left->op_flags &= ~(OPf_REF|OPf_SPECIAL);
3312 curop = list(force_list(left));
3313 o = newBINOP(OP_AASSIGN, flags, list(force_list(right)), curop);
3314 o->op_private = (U8)(0 | (flags >> 8));
3316 /* PL_generation sorcery:
3317 * an assignment like ($a,$b) = ($c,$d) is easier than
3318 * ($a,$b) = ($c,$a), since there is no need for temporary vars.
3319 * To detect whether there are common vars, the global var
3320 * PL_generation is incremented for each assign op we compile.
3321 * Then, while compiling the assign op, we run through all the
3322 * variables on both sides of the assignment, setting a spare slot
3323 * in each of them to PL_generation. If any of them already have
3324 * that value, we know we've got commonality. We could use a
3325 * single bit marker, but then we'd have to make 2 passes, first
3326 * to clear the flag, then to test and set it. To find somewhere
3327 * to store these values, evil chicanery is done with SvCUR().
3330 if (!(left->op_private & OPpLVAL_INTRO)) {
3333 for (curop = LINKLIST(o); curop != o; curop = LINKLIST(curop)) {
3334 if (PL_opargs[curop->op_type] & OA_DANGEROUS) {
3335 if (curop->op_type == OP_GV) {
3336 GV *gv = cGVOPx_gv(curop);
3337 if (gv == PL_defgv || (int)SvCUR(gv) == PL_generation)
3339 SvCUR_set(gv, PL_generation);
3341 else if (curop->op_type == OP_PADSV ||
3342 curop->op_type == OP_PADAV ||
3343 curop->op_type == OP_PADHV ||
3344 curop->op_type == OP_PADANY)
3346 if (PAD_COMPNAME_GEN(curop->op_targ)
3347 == (STRLEN)PL_generation)
3349 PAD_COMPNAME_GEN_set(curop->op_targ, PL_generation);
3352 else if (curop->op_type == OP_RV2CV)
3354 else if (curop->op_type == OP_RV2SV ||
3355 curop->op_type == OP_RV2AV ||
3356 curop->op_type == OP_RV2HV ||
3357 curop->op_type == OP_RV2GV) {
3358 if (lastop->op_type != OP_GV) /* funny deref? */
3361 else if (curop->op_type == OP_PUSHRE) {
3362 if (((PMOP*)curop)->op_pmreplroot) {
3364 GV *gv = (GV*)PAD_SVl(INT2PTR(PADOFFSET,
3365 ((PMOP*)curop)->op_pmreplroot));
3367 GV *gv = (GV*)((PMOP*)curop)->op_pmreplroot;
3369 if (gv == PL_defgv || (int)SvCUR(gv) == PL_generation)
3371 SvCUR_set(gv, PL_generation);
3380 o->op_private |= OPpASSIGN_COMMON;
3382 if (right && right->op_type == OP_SPLIT) {
3384 if ((tmpop = ((LISTOP*)right)->op_first) &&
3385 tmpop->op_type == OP_PUSHRE)
3387 PMOP * const pm = (PMOP*)tmpop;
3388 if (left->op_type == OP_RV2AV &&
3389 !(left->op_private & OPpLVAL_INTRO) &&
3390 !(o->op_private & OPpASSIGN_COMMON) )
3392 tmpop = ((UNOP*)left)->op_first;
3393 if (tmpop->op_type == OP_GV && !pm->op_pmreplroot) {
3395 pm->op_pmreplroot = INT2PTR(OP*, cPADOPx(tmpop)->op_padix);
3396 cPADOPx(tmpop)->op_padix = 0; /* steal it */
3398 pm->op_pmreplroot = (OP*)cSVOPx(tmpop)->op_sv;
3399 cSVOPx(tmpop)->op_sv = Nullsv; /* steal it */
3401 pm->op_pmflags |= PMf_ONCE;
3402 tmpop = cUNOPo->op_first; /* to list (nulled) */
3403 tmpop = ((UNOP*)tmpop)->op_first; /* to pushmark */
3404 tmpop->op_sibling = Nullop; /* don't free split */
3405 right->op_next = tmpop->op_next; /* fix starting loc */
3406 op_free(o); /* blow off assign */
3407 right->op_flags &= ~OPf_WANT;
3408 /* "I don't know and I don't care." */
3413 if (PL_modcount < RETURN_UNLIMITED_NUMBER &&
3414 ((LISTOP*)right)->op_last->op_type == OP_CONST)
3416 SV *sv = ((SVOP*)((LISTOP*)right)->op_last)->op_sv;
3418 sv_setiv(sv, PL_modcount+1);
3426 right = newOP(OP_UNDEF, 0);
3427 if (right->op_type == OP_READLINE) {
3428 right->op_flags |= OPf_STACKED;
3429 return newBINOP(OP_NULL, flags, mod(scalar(left), OP_SASSIGN), scalar(right));
3432 PL_eval_start = right; /* Grandfathering $[ assignment here. Bletch.*/
3433 o = newBINOP(OP_SASSIGN, flags,
3434 scalar(right), mod(scalar(left), OP_SASSIGN) );
3438 o = newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, newSViv(PL_compiling.cop_arybase));
3445 Perl_newSTATEOP(pTHX_ I32 flags, char *label, OP *o)
3448 const U32 seq = intro_my();
3451 NewOp(1101, cop, 1, COP);
3452 if (PERLDB_LINE && CopLINE(PL_curcop) && PL_curstash != PL_debstash) {
3453 cop->op_type = OP_DBSTATE;
3454 cop->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[ OP_DBSTATE ];
3457 cop->op_type = OP_NEXTSTATE;
3458 cop->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[ OP_NEXTSTATE ];
3460 cop->op_flags = (U8)flags;
3461 cop->op_private = (U8)(PL_hints & HINT_PRIVATE_MASK);
3463 cop->op_private |= NATIVE_HINTS;
3465 PL_compiling.op_private = cop->op_private;
3466 cop->op_next = (OP*)cop;
3469 cop->cop_label = label;
3470 PL_hints |= HINT_BLOCK_SCOPE;
3473 cop->cop_arybase = PL_curcop->cop_arybase;
3474 if (specialWARN(PL_curcop->cop_warnings))
3475 cop->cop_warnings = PL_curcop->cop_warnings ;
3477 cop->cop_warnings = newSVsv(PL_curcop->cop_warnings) ;
3478 if (specialCopIO(PL_curcop->cop_io))
3479 cop->cop_io = PL_curcop->cop_io;
3481 cop->cop_io = newSVsv(PL_curcop->cop_io) ;
3484 if (PL_copline == NOLINE)
3485 CopLINE_set(cop, CopLINE(PL_curcop));
3487 CopLINE_set(cop, PL_copline);
3488 PL_copline = NOLINE;
3491 CopFILE_set(cop, CopFILE(PL_curcop)); /* XXX share in a pvtable? */
3493 CopFILEGV_set(cop, CopFILEGV(PL_curcop));
3495 CopSTASH_set(cop, PL_curstash);
3497 if (PERLDB_LINE && PL_curstash != PL_debstash) {
3498 SV * const * const svp = av_fetch(CopFILEAV(PL_curcop), (I32)CopLINE(cop), FALSE);
3499 if (svp && *svp != &PL_sv_undef ) {
3500 (void)SvIOK_on(*svp);
3501 SvIV_set(*svp, PTR2IV(cop));
3505 return prepend_elem(OP_LINESEQ, (OP*)cop, o);
3510 Perl_newLOGOP(pTHX_ I32 type, I32 flags, OP *first, OP *other)
3513 return new_logop(type, flags, &first, &other);
3517 S_new_logop(pTHX_ I32 type, I32 flags, OP** firstp, OP** otherp)
3522 OP *first = *firstp;
3523 OP * const other = *otherp;
3525 if (type == OP_XOR) /* Not short circuit, but here by precedence. */
3526 return newBINOP(type, flags, scalar(first), scalar(other));
3528 scalarboolean(first);
3529 /* optimize "!a && b" to "a || b", and "!a || b" to "a && b" */
3530 if (first->op_type == OP_NOT && (first->op_flags & OPf_SPECIAL)) {
3531 if (type == OP_AND || type == OP_OR) {
3537 first = *firstp = cUNOPo->op_first;
3539 first->op_next = o->op_next;
3540 cUNOPo->op_first = Nullop;
3544 if (first->op_type == OP_CONST) {
3545 if (first->op_private & OPpCONST_STRICT)
3546 no_bareword_allowed(first);
3547 else if ((first->op_private & OPpCONST_BARE) && ckWARN(WARN_BAREWORD))
3548 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_BAREWORD), "Bareword found in conditional");
3549 if ((type == OP_AND && SvTRUE(((SVOP*)first)->op_sv)) ||
3550 (type == OP_OR && !SvTRUE(((SVOP*)first)->op_sv)) ||
3551 (type == OP_DOR && !SvOK(((SVOP*)first)->op_sv))) {
3554 if (other->op_type == OP_CONST)
3555 other->op_private |= OPpCONST_SHORTCIRCUIT;
3559 /* check for C<my $x if 0>, or C<my($x,$y) if 0> */
3560 const OP *o2 = other;
3561 if ( ! (o2->op_type == OP_LIST
3562 && (( o2 = cUNOPx(o2)->op_first))
3563 && o2->op_type == OP_PUSHMARK
3564 && (( o2 = o2->op_sibling)) )
3567 if ((o2->op_type == OP_PADSV || o2->op_type == OP_PADAV
3568 || o2->op_type == OP_PADHV)
3569 && o2->op_private & OPpLVAL_INTRO
3570 && ckWARN(WARN_DEPRECATED))
3572 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEPRECATED),
3573 "Deprecated use of my() in false conditional");
3578 if (first->op_type == OP_CONST)
3579 first->op_private |= OPpCONST_SHORTCIRCUIT;
3583 else if ((first->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) && type != OP_DOR
3584 && ckWARN(WARN_MISC)) /* [#24076] Don't warn for <FH> err FOO. */
3586 const OP * const k1 = ((UNOP*)first)->op_first;
3587 const OP * const k2 = k1->op_sibling;
3589 switch (first->op_type)
3592 if (k2 && k2->op_type == OP_READLINE
3593 && (k2->op_flags & OPf_STACKED)
3594 && ((k1->op_flags & OPf_WANT) == OPf_WANT_SCALAR))
3596 warnop = k2->op_type;
3601 if (k1->op_type == OP_READDIR
3602 || k1->op_type == OP_GLOB
3603 || (k1->op_type == OP_NULL && k1->op_targ == OP_GLOB)
3604 || k1->op_type == OP_EACH)
3606 warnop = ((k1->op_type == OP_NULL)
3607 ? (OPCODE)k1->op_targ : k1->op_type);
3612 const line_t oldline = CopLINE(PL_curcop);
3613 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, PL_copline);
3614 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_MISC),
3615 "Value of %s%s can be \"0\"; test with defined()",
3617 ((warnop == OP_READLINE || warnop == OP_GLOB)
3618 ? " construct" : "() operator"));
3619 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
3626 if (type == OP_ANDASSIGN || type == OP_ORASSIGN || type == OP_DORASSIGN)
3627 other->op_private |= OPpASSIGN_BACKWARDS; /* other is an OP_SASSIGN */
3629 NewOp(1101, logop, 1, LOGOP);
3631 logop->op_type = (OPCODE)type;
3632 logop->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[type];
3633 logop->op_first = first;
3634 logop->op_flags = (U8)(flags | OPf_KIDS);
3635 logop->op_other = LINKLIST(other);
3636 logop->op_private = (U8)(1 | (flags >> 8));
3638 /* establish postfix order */
3639 logop->op_next = LINKLIST(first);
3640 first->op_next = (OP*)logop;
3641 first->op_sibling = other;
3643 CHECKOP(type,logop);
3645 o = newUNOP(OP_NULL, 0, (OP*)logop);
3652 Perl_newCONDOP(pTHX_ I32 flags, OP *first, OP *trueop, OP *falseop)
3660 return newLOGOP(OP_AND, 0, first, trueop);
3662 return newLOGOP(OP_OR, 0, first, falseop);
3664 scalarboolean(first);
3665 if (first->op_type == OP_CONST) {
3666 if (first->op_private & OPpCONST_BARE &&
3667 first->op_private & OPpCONST_STRICT) {
3668 no_bareword_allowed(first);
3670 if (SvTRUE(((SVOP*)first)->op_sv)) {
3681 NewOp(1101, logop, 1, LOGOP);
3682 logop->op_type = OP_COND_EXPR;
3683 logop->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_COND_EXPR];
3684 logop->op_first = first;
3685 logop->op_flags = (U8)(flags | OPf_KIDS);
3686 logop->op_private = (U8)(1 | (flags >> 8));
3687 logop->op_other = LINKLIST(trueop);
3688 logop->op_next = LINKLIST(falseop);
3690 CHECKOP(OP_COND_EXPR, /* that's logop->op_type */
3693 /* establish postfix order */
3694 start = LINKLIST(first);
3695 first->op_next = (OP*)logop;
3697 first->op_sibling = trueop;
3698 trueop->op_sibling = falseop;
3699 o = newUNOP(OP_NULL, 0, (OP*)logop);
3701 trueop->op_next = falseop->op_next = o;
3708 Perl_newRANGE(pTHX_ I32 flags, OP *left, OP *right)
3717 NewOp(1101, range, 1, LOGOP);
3719 range->op_type = OP_RANGE;
3720 range->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_RANGE];
3721 range->op_first = left;
3722 range->op_flags = OPf_KIDS;
3723 leftstart = LINKLIST(left);
3724 range->op_other = LINKLIST(right);
3725 range->op_private = (U8)(1 | (flags >> 8));
3727 left->op_sibling = right;
3729 range->op_next = (OP*)range;
3730 flip = newUNOP(OP_FLIP, flags, (OP*)range);
3731 flop = newUNOP(OP_FLOP, 0, flip);
3732 o = newUNOP(OP_NULL, 0, flop);
3734 range->op_next = leftstart;
3736 left->op_next = flip;
3737 right->op_next = flop;
3739 range->op_targ = pad_alloc(OP_RANGE, SVs_PADMY);
3740 sv_upgrade(PAD_SV(range->op_targ), SVt_PVNV);
3741 flip->op_targ = pad_alloc(OP_RANGE, SVs_PADMY);
3742 sv_upgrade(PAD_SV(flip->op_targ), SVt_PVNV);
3744 flip->op_private = left->op_type == OP_CONST ? OPpFLIP_LINENUM : 0;
3745 flop->op_private = right->op_type == OP_CONST ? OPpFLIP_LINENUM : 0;
3748 if (!flip->op_private || !flop->op_private)
3749 linklist(o); /* blow off optimizer unless constant */
3755 Perl_newLOOPOP(pTHX_ I32 flags, I32 debuggable, OP *expr, OP *block)
3759 const bool once = block && block->op_flags & OPf_SPECIAL &&
3760 (block->op_type == OP_ENTERSUB || block->op_type == OP_NULL);
3762 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(debuggable);
3765 if (once && expr->op_type == OP_CONST && !SvTRUE(((SVOP*)expr)->op_sv))
3766 return block; /* do {} while 0 does once */
3767 if (expr->op_type == OP_READLINE || expr->op_type == OP_GLOB
3768 || (expr->op_type == OP_NULL && expr->op_targ == OP_GLOB)) {
3769 expr = newUNOP(OP_DEFINED, 0,
3770 newASSIGNOP(0, newDEFSVOP(), 0, expr) );
3771 } else if (expr->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) {
3772 const OP * const k1 = ((UNOP*)expr)->op_first;
3773 const OP * const k2 = k1 ? k1->op_sibling : NULL;
3774 switch (expr->op_type) {
3776 if (k2 && k2->op_type == OP_READLINE
3777 && (k2->op_flags & OPf_STACKED)
3778 && ((k1->op_flags & OPf_WANT) == OPf_WANT_SCALAR))
3779 expr = newUNOP(OP_DEFINED, 0, expr);
3783 if (k1->op_type == OP_READDIR
3784 || k1->op_type == OP_GLOB
3785 || (k1->op_type == OP_NULL && k1->op_targ == OP_GLOB)
3786 || k1->op_type == OP_EACH)
3787 expr = newUNOP(OP_DEFINED, 0, expr);
3793 /* if block is null, the next append_elem() would put UNSTACK, a scalar
3794 * op, in listop. This is wrong. [perl #27024] */
3796 block = newOP(OP_NULL, 0);
3797 listop = append_elem(OP_LINESEQ, block, newOP(OP_UNSTACK, 0));
3798 o = new_logop(OP_AND, 0, &expr, &listop);
3801 ((LISTOP*)listop)->op_last->op_next = LINKLIST(o);
3803 if (once && o != listop)
3804 o->op_next = ((LOGOP*)cUNOPo->op_first)->op_other;
3807 o = newUNOP(OP_NULL, 0, o); /* or do {} while 1 loses outer block */
3809 o->op_flags |= flags;
3811 o->op_flags |= OPf_SPECIAL; /* suppress POPBLOCK curpm restoration*/
3816 Perl_newWHILEOP(pTHX_ I32 flags, I32 debuggable, LOOP *loop, I32
3817 whileline, OP *expr, OP *block, OP *cont, I32 has_my)
3826 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(debuggable);
3829 if (expr->op_type == OP_READLINE || expr->op_type == OP_GLOB
3830 || (expr->op_type == OP_NULL && expr->op_targ == OP_GLOB)) {
3831 expr = newUNOP(OP_DEFINED, 0,
3832 newASSIGNOP(0, newDEFSVOP(), 0, expr) );
3833 } else if (expr->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) {
3834 const OP * const k1 = ((UNOP*)expr)->op_first;
3835 const OP * const k2 = (k1) ? k1->op_sibling : NULL;
3836 switch (expr->op_type) {
3838 if (k2 && k2->op_type == OP_READLINE
3839 && (k2->op_flags & OPf_STACKED)
3840 && ((k1->op_flags & OPf_WANT) == OPf_WANT_SCALAR))
3841 expr = newUNOP(OP_DEFINED, 0, expr);
3845 if (k1->op_type == OP_READDIR
3846 || k1->op_type == OP_GLOB
3847 || (k1->op_type == OP_NULL && k1->op_targ == OP_GLOB)
3848 || k1->op_type == OP_EACH)
3849 expr = newUNOP(OP_DEFINED, 0, expr);
3856 block = newOP(OP_NULL, 0);
3857 else if (cont || has_my) {
3858 block = scope(block);
3862 next = LINKLIST(cont);
3865 OP * const unstack = newOP(OP_UNSTACK, 0);
3868 cont = append_elem(OP_LINESEQ, cont, unstack);
3871 listop = append_list(OP_LINESEQ, (LISTOP*)block, (LISTOP*)cont);
3872 redo = LINKLIST(listop);
3875 PL_copline = (line_t)whileline;
3877 o = new_logop(OP_AND, 0, &expr, &listop);
3878 if (o == expr && o->op_type == OP_CONST && !SvTRUE(cSVOPo->op_sv)) {
3879 op_free(expr); /* oops, it's a while (0) */
3881 return Nullop; /* listop already freed by new_logop */
3884 ((LISTOP*)listop)->op_last->op_next =
3885 (o == listop ? redo : LINKLIST(o));
3891 NewOp(1101,loop,1,LOOP);
3892 loop->op_type = OP_ENTERLOOP;
3893 loop->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_ENTERLOOP];
3894 loop->op_private = 0;
3895 loop->op_next = (OP*)loop;
3898 o = newBINOP(OP_LEAVELOOP, 0, (OP*)loop, o);
3900 loop->op_redoop = redo;
3901 loop->op_lastop = o;
3902 o->op_private |= loopflags;
3905 loop->op_nextop = next;
3907 loop->op_nextop = o;
3909 o->op_flags |= flags;
3910 o->op_private |= (flags >> 8);
3915 Perl_newFOROP(pTHX_ I32 flags, char *label, line_t forline, OP *sv, OP *expr, OP *block, OP *cont)
3920 PADOFFSET padoff = 0;
3925 if (sv->op_type == OP_RV2SV) { /* symbol table variable */
3926 iterpflags = sv->op_private & OPpOUR_INTRO; /* for our $x () */
3927 sv->op_type = OP_RV2GV;
3928 sv->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_RV2GV];
3930 else if (sv->op_type == OP_PADSV) { /* private variable */
3931 iterpflags = sv->op_private & OPpLVAL_INTRO; /* for my $x () */
3932 padoff = sv->op_targ;
3937 else if (sv->op_type == OP_THREADSV) { /* per-thread variable */
3938 padoff = sv->op_targ;
3940 iterflags |= OPf_SPECIAL;
3945 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't use %s for loop variable", PL_op_desc[sv->op_type]);
3948 const I32 offset = pad_findmy("$_");
3949 if (offset == NOT_IN_PAD || PAD_COMPNAME_FLAGS(offset) & SVpad_OUR) {
3950 sv = newGVOP(OP_GV, 0, PL_defgv);
3956 if (expr->op_type == OP_RV2AV || expr->op_type == OP_PADAV) {
3957 expr = mod(force_list(scalar(ref(expr, OP_ITER))), OP_GREPSTART);
3958 iterflags |= OPf_STACKED;
3960 else if (expr->op_type == OP_NULL &&
3961 (expr->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) &&
3962 ((BINOP*)expr)->op_first->op_type == OP_FLOP)
3964 /* Basically turn for($x..$y) into the same as for($x,$y), but we
3965 * set the STACKED flag to indicate that these values are to be
3966 * treated as min/max values by 'pp_iterinit'.
3968 UNOP* const flip = (UNOP*)((UNOP*)((BINOP*)expr)->op_first)->op_first;
3969 LOGOP* const range = (LOGOP*) flip->op_first;
3970 OP* const left = range->op_first;
3971 OP* const right = left->op_sibling;
3974 range->op_flags &= ~OPf_KIDS;
3975 range->op_first = Nullop;
3977 listop = (LISTOP*)newLISTOP(OP_LIST, 0, left, right);
3978 listop->op_first->op_next = range->op_next;
3979 left->op_next = range->op_other;
3980 right->op_next = (OP*)listop;
3981 listop->op_next = listop->op_first;
3984 expr = (OP*)(listop);
3986 iterflags |= OPf_STACKED;
3989 expr = mod(force_list(expr), OP_GREPSTART);
3992 loop = (LOOP*)list(convert(OP_ENTERITER, iterflags,
3993 append_elem(OP_LIST, expr, scalar(sv))));
3994 assert(!loop->op_next);
3995 /* for my $x () sets OPpLVAL_INTRO;
3996 * for our $x () sets OPpOUR_INTRO */
3997 loop->op_private = (U8)iterpflags;
3998 #ifdef PL_OP_SLAB_ALLOC
4001 NewOp(1234,tmp,1,LOOP);
4002 Copy(loop,tmp,1,LISTOP);
4007 Renew(loop, 1, LOOP);
4009 loop->op_targ = padoff;
4010 wop = newWHILEOP(flags, 1, loop, forline, newOP(OP_ITER, 0), block, cont, 0);
4011 PL_copline = forline;
4012 return newSTATEOP(0, label, wop);
4016 Perl_newLOOPEX(pTHX_ I32 type, OP *label)
4020 if (type != OP_GOTO || label->op_type == OP_CONST) {
4021 /* "last()" means "last" */
4022 if (label->op_type == OP_STUB && (label->op_flags & OPf_PARENS))
4023 o = newOP(type, OPf_SPECIAL);
4025 o = newPVOP(type, 0, savepv(label->op_type == OP_CONST
4026 ? SvPVx_nolen_const(((SVOP*)label)->op_sv)
4032 /* Check whether it's going to be a goto &function */
4033 if (label->op_type == OP_ENTERSUB
4034 && !(label->op_flags & OPf_STACKED))
4035 label = newUNOP(OP_REFGEN, 0, mod(label, OP_REFGEN));
4036 o = newUNOP(type, OPf_STACKED, label);
4038 PL_hints |= HINT_BLOCK_SCOPE;
4043 =for apidoc cv_undef
4045 Clear out all the active components of a CV. This can happen either
4046 by an explicit C<undef &foo>, or by the reference count going to zero.
4047 In the former case, we keep the CvOUTSIDE pointer, so that any anonymous
4048 children can still follow the full lexical scope chain.
4054 Perl_cv_undef(pTHX_ CV *cv)
4058 if (CvFILE(cv) && !CvXSUB(cv)) {
4059 /* for XSUBs CvFILE point directly to static memory; __FILE__ */
4060 Safefree(CvFILE(cv));
4065 if (!CvXSUB(cv) && CvROOT(cv)) {
4067 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't undef active subroutine");
4070 PAD_SAVE_SETNULLPAD();
4072 op_free(CvROOT(cv));
4073 CvROOT(cv) = Nullop;
4074 CvSTART(cv) = Nullop;
4077 SvPOK_off((SV*)cv); /* forget prototype */
4082 /* remove CvOUTSIDE unless this is an undef rather than a free */
4083 if (!SvREFCNT(cv) && CvOUTSIDE(cv)) {
4084 if (!CvWEAKOUTSIDE(cv))
4085 SvREFCNT_dec(CvOUTSIDE(cv));
4086 CvOUTSIDE(cv) = Nullcv;
4089 SvREFCNT_dec((SV*)CvXSUBANY(cv).any_ptr);
4095 /* delete all flags except WEAKOUTSIDE */
4096 CvFLAGS(cv) &= CVf_WEAKOUTSIDE;
4100 Perl_cv_ckproto(pTHX_ const CV *cv, const GV *gv, const char *p)
4102 if (((!p != !SvPOK(cv)) || (p && strNE(p, SvPVX_const(cv)))) && ckWARN_d(WARN_PROTOTYPE)) {
4103 SV* const msg = sv_newmortal();
4107 gv_efullname3(name = sv_newmortal(), gv, Nullch);
4108 sv_setpv(msg, "Prototype mismatch:");
4110 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ msg, " sub %"SVf, name);
4112 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ msg, " (%"SVf")", (const SV *)cv);
4114 Perl_sv_catpv(aTHX_ msg, ": none");
4115 sv_catpv(msg, " vs ");
4117 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ msg, "(%s)", p);
4119 sv_catpv(msg, "none");
4120 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_PROTOTYPE), "%"SVf, msg);
4124 static void const_sv_xsub(pTHX_ CV* cv);
4128 =head1 Optree Manipulation Functions
4130 =for apidoc cv_const_sv
4132 If C<cv> is a constant sub eligible for inlining. returns the constant
4133 value returned by the sub. Otherwise, returns NULL.
4135 Constant subs can be created with C<newCONSTSUB> or as described in
4136 L<perlsub/"Constant Functions">.
4141 Perl_cv_const_sv(pTHX_ CV *cv)
4143 if (!cv || !CvCONST(cv))
4145 return (SV*)CvXSUBANY(cv).any_ptr;
4148 /* op_const_sv: examine an optree to determine whether it's in-lineable.
4149 * Can be called in 3 ways:
4152 * look for a single OP_CONST with attached value: return the value
4154 * cv && CvCLONE(cv) && !CvCONST(cv)
4156 * examine the clone prototype, and if contains only a single
4157 * OP_CONST referencing a pad const, or a single PADSV referencing
4158 * an outer lexical, return a non-zero value to indicate the CV is
4159 * a candidate for "constizing" at clone time
4163 * We have just cloned an anon prototype that was marked as a const
4164 * candidiate. Try to grab the current value, and in the case of
4165 * PADSV, ignore it if it has multiple references. Return the value.
4169 Perl_op_const_sv(pTHX_ const OP *o, CV *cv)
4176 if (o->op_type == OP_LINESEQ && cLISTOPo->op_first)
4177 o = cLISTOPo->op_first->op_sibling;
4179 for (; o; o = o->op_next) {
4180 const OPCODE type = o->op_type;
4182 if (sv && o->op_next == o)
4184 if (o->op_next != o) {
4185 if (type == OP_NEXTSTATE || type == OP_NULL || type == OP_PUSHMARK)
4187 if (type == OP_DBSTATE)
4190 if (type == OP_LEAVESUB || type == OP_RETURN)
4194 if (type == OP_CONST && cSVOPo->op_sv)
4196 else if (cv && type == OP_CONST) {
4197 sv = PAD_BASE_SV(CvPADLIST(cv), o->op_targ);
4201 else if (cv && type == OP_PADSV) {
4202 if (CvCONST(cv)) { /* newly cloned anon */
4203 sv = PAD_BASE_SV(CvPADLIST(cv), o->op_targ);
4204 /* the candidate should have 1 ref from this pad and 1 ref
4205 * from the parent */
4206 if (!sv || SvREFCNT(sv) != 2)
4213 if (PAD_COMPNAME_FLAGS(o->op_targ) & SVf_FAKE)
4214 sv = &PL_sv_undef; /* an arbitrary non-null value */
4225 Perl_newMYSUB(pTHX_ I32 floor, OP *o, OP *proto, OP *attrs, OP *block)
4227 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(floor);
4237 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "\"my sub\" not yet implemented");
4241 Perl_newSUB(pTHX_ I32 floor, OP *o, OP *proto, OP *block)
4243 return Perl_newATTRSUB(aTHX_ floor, o, proto, Nullop, block);
4247 Perl_newATTRSUB(pTHX_ I32 floor, OP *o, OP *proto, OP *attrs, OP *block)
4258 const char * const name = o ? SvPVx_nolen_const(cSVOPo->op_sv) : Nullch;
4261 assert(proto->op_type == OP_CONST);
4262 ps = SvPVx_const(((SVOP*)proto)->op_sv, ps_len);
4267 if (!name && PERLDB_NAMEANON && CopLINE(PL_curcop)) {
4268 SV * const sv = sv_newmortal();
4269 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ sv, "%s[%s:%"IVdf"]",
4270 PL_curstash ? "__ANON__" : "__ANON__::__ANON__",
4271 CopFILE(PL_curcop), (IV)CopLINE(PL_curcop));
4272 aname = SvPVX_const(sv);
4277 gv_fetch_flags = (block || attrs || (CvFLAGS(PL_compcv) & CVf_BUILTIN_ATTRS))
4278 ? GV_ADDMULTI : GV_ADDMULTI | GV_NOINIT;
4279 gv = name ? gv_fetchsv(cSVOPo->op_sv, gv_fetch_flags, SVt_PVCV)
4280 : gv_fetchpv(aname ? aname
4281 : (PL_curstash ? "__ANON__" : "__ANON__::__ANON__"),
4282 gv_fetch_flags, SVt_PVCV);
4291 if (SvTYPE(gv) != SVt_PVGV) { /* Maybe prototype now, and had at
4292 maximum a prototype before. */
4293 if (SvTYPE(gv) > SVt_NULL) {
4294 if (!SvPOK((SV*)gv) && !(SvIOK((SV*)gv) && SvIVX((SV*)gv) == -1)
4295 && ckWARN_d(WARN_PROTOTYPE))
4297 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_PROTOTYPE), "Runaway prototype");
4299 cv_ckproto((CV*)gv, NULL, ps);
4302 sv_setpvn((SV*)gv, ps, ps_len);
4304 sv_setiv((SV*)gv, -1);
4305 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compcv);
4306 cv = PL_compcv = NULL;
4307 PL_sub_generation++;
4311 cv = (!name || GvCVGEN(gv)) ? Nullcv : GvCV(gv);
4313 #ifdef GV_UNIQUE_CHECK
4314 if (cv && GvUNIQUE(gv) && SvREADONLY(cv)) {
4315 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't define subroutine %s (GV is unique)", name);
4319 if (!block || !ps || *ps || attrs || (CvFLAGS(PL_compcv) & CVf_BUILTIN_ATTRS))
4322 const_sv = op_const_sv(block, Nullcv);
4325 const bool exists = CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv);
4327 #ifdef GV_UNIQUE_CHECK
4328 if (exists && GvUNIQUE(gv)) {
4329 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't redefine unique subroutine %s", name);
4333 /* if the subroutine doesn't exist and wasn't pre-declared
4334 * with a prototype, assume it will be AUTOLOADed,
4335 * skipping the prototype check
4337 if (exists || SvPOK(cv))
4338 cv_ckproto(cv, gv, ps);
4339 /* already defined (or promised)? */
4340 if (exists || GvASSUMECV(gv)) {
4341 if (!block && !attrs) {
4342 if (CvFLAGS(PL_compcv)) {
4343 /* might have had built-in attrs applied */
4344 CvFLAGS(cv) |= (CvFLAGS(PL_compcv) & CVf_BUILTIN_ATTRS);
4346 /* just a "sub foo;" when &foo is already defined */
4347 SAVEFREESV(PL_compcv);
4351 if (ckWARN(WARN_REDEFINE)
4353 && (!const_sv || sv_cmp(cv_const_sv(cv), const_sv))))
4355 const line_t oldline = CopLINE(PL_curcop);
4356 if (PL_copline != NOLINE)
4357 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, PL_copline);
4358 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_REDEFINE),
4359 CvCONST(cv) ? "Constant subroutine %s redefined"
4360 : "Subroutine %s redefined", name);
4361 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
4369 (void)SvREFCNT_inc(const_sv);
4371 assert(!CvROOT(cv) && !CvCONST(cv));
4372 sv_setpvn((SV*)cv, "", 0); /* prototype is "" */
4373 CvXSUBANY(cv).any_ptr = const_sv;
4374 CvXSUB(cv) = const_sv_xsub;
4379 cv = newCONSTSUB(NULL, name, const_sv);
4382 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compcv);
4384 PL_sub_generation++;
4391 /* Need to do a C<use attributes $stash_of_cv,\&cv,@attrs>
4392 * before we clobber PL_compcv.
4396 /* Might have had built-in attributes applied -- propagate them. */
4397 CvFLAGS(cv) |= (CvFLAGS(PL_compcv) & CVf_BUILTIN_ATTRS);
4398 if (CvGV(cv) && GvSTASH(CvGV(cv)))
4399 stash = GvSTASH(CvGV(cv));
4400 else if (CvSTASH(cv))
4401 stash = CvSTASH(cv);
4403 stash = PL_curstash;
4406 /* possibly about to re-define existing subr -- ignore old cv */
4407 rcv = (SV*)PL_compcv;
4408 if (name && GvSTASH(gv))
4409 stash = GvSTASH(gv);
4411 stash = PL_curstash;
4413 apply_attrs(stash, rcv, attrs, FALSE);
4415 if (cv) { /* must reuse cv if autoloaded */
4417 /* got here with just attrs -- work done, so bug out */
4418 SAVEFREESV(PL_compcv);
4421 /* transfer PL_compcv to cv */
4423 CvFLAGS(cv) = CvFLAGS(PL_compcv);
4424 if (!CvWEAKOUTSIDE(cv))
4425 SvREFCNT_dec(CvOUTSIDE(cv));
4426 CvOUTSIDE(cv) = CvOUTSIDE(PL_compcv);
4427 CvOUTSIDE_SEQ(cv) = CvOUTSIDE_SEQ(PL_compcv);
4428 CvOUTSIDE(PL_compcv) = 0;
4429 CvPADLIST(cv) = CvPADLIST(PL_compcv);
4430 CvPADLIST(PL_compcv) = 0;
4431 /* inner references to PL_compcv must be fixed up ... */
4432 pad_fixup_inner_anons(CvPADLIST(cv), PL_compcv, cv);
4433 /* ... before we throw it away */
4434 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compcv);
4436 if (PERLDB_INTER)/* Advice debugger on the new sub. */
4437 ++PL_sub_generation;
4444 PL_sub_generation++;
4448 CvFILE_set_from_cop(cv, PL_curcop);
4449 CvSTASH(cv) = PL_curstash;
4452 sv_setpvn((SV*)cv, ps, ps_len);
4454 if (PL_error_count) {
4458 const char *s = strrchr(name, ':');
4460 if (strEQ(s, "BEGIN")) {
4461 const char not_safe[] =
4462 "BEGIN not safe after errors--compilation aborted";
4463 if (PL_in_eval & EVAL_KEEPERR)
4464 Perl_croak(aTHX_ not_safe);
4466 /* force display of errors found but not reported */
4467 sv_catpv(ERRSV, not_safe);
4468 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%"SVf, ERRSV);
4477 CvROOT(cv) = newUNOP(OP_LEAVESUBLV, 0,
4478 mod(scalarseq(block), OP_LEAVESUBLV));
4481 /* This makes sub {}; work as expected. */
4482 if (block->op_type == OP_STUB) {
4484 block = newSTATEOP(0, Nullch, 0);
4486 CvROOT(cv) = newUNOP(OP_LEAVESUB, 0, scalarseq(block));
4488 CvROOT(cv)->op_private |= OPpREFCOUNTED;
4489 OpREFCNT_set(CvROOT(cv), 1);
4490 CvSTART(cv) = LINKLIST(CvROOT(cv));
4491 CvROOT(cv)->op_next = 0;
4492 CALL_PEEP(CvSTART(cv));
4494 /* now that optimizer has done its work, adjust pad values */
4496 pad_tidy(CvCLONE(cv) ? padtidy_SUBCLONE : padtidy_SUB);
4499 assert(!CvCONST(cv));
4500 if (ps && !*ps && op_const_sv(block, cv))
4504 if (name || aname) {
4506 const char *tname = (name ? name : aname);
4508 if (PERLDB_SUBLINE && PL_curstash != PL_debstash) {
4509 SV * const sv = NEWSV(0,0);
4510 SV * const tmpstr = sv_newmortal();
4511 GV * const db_postponed = gv_fetchpv("DB::postponed", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV);
4514 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ sv, "%s:%ld-%ld",
4516 (long)PL_subline, (long)CopLINE(PL_curcop));
4517 gv_efullname3(tmpstr, gv, Nullch);
4518 hv_store(GvHV(PL_DBsub), SvPVX_const(tmpstr), SvCUR(tmpstr), sv, 0);
4519 hv = GvHVn(db_postponed);
4520 if (HvFILL(hv) > 0 && hv_exists(hv, SvPVX_const(tmpstr), SvCUR(tmpstr))) {
4521 CV * const pcv = GvCV(db_postponed);
4527 call_sv((SV*)pcv, G_DISCARD);
4532 if ((s = strrchr(tname,':')))
4537 if (*s != 'B' && *s != 'E' && *s != 'C' && *s != 'I')
4540 if (strEQ(s, "BEGIN") && !PL_error_count) {
4541 const I32 oldscope = PL_scopestack_ix;
4543 SAVECOPFILE(&PL_compiling);
4544 SAVECOPLINE(&PL_compiling);
4547 PL_beginav = newAV();
4548 DEBUG_x( dump_sub(gv) );
4549 av_push(PL_beginav, (SV*)cv);
4550 GvCV(gv) = 0; /* cv has been hijacked */
4551 call_list(oldscope, PL_beginav);
4553 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
4554 PL_compiling.op_private = (U8)(PL_hints & HINT_PRIVATE_MASK);
4557 else if (strEQ(s, "END") && !PL_error_count) {
4560 DEBUG_x( dump_sub(gv) );
4561 av_unshift(PL_endav, 1);
4562 av_store(PL_endav, 0, (SV*)cv);
4563 GvCV(gv) = 0; /* cv has been hijacked */
4565 else if (strEQ(s, "CHECK") && !PL_error_count) {
4567 PL_checkav = newAV();
4568 DEBUG_x( dump_sub(gv) );
4569 if (PL_main_start && ckWARN(WARN_VOID))
4570 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_VOID), "Too late to run CHECK block");
4571 av_unshift(PL_checkav, 1);
4572 av_store(PL_checkav, 0, (SV*)cv);
4573 GvCV(gv) = 0; /* cv has been hijacked */
4575 else if (strEQ(s, "INIT") && !PL_error_count) {
4577 PL_initav = newAV();
4578 DEBUG_x( dump_sub(gv) );
4579 if (PL_main_start && ckWARN(WARN_VOID))
4580 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_VOID), "Too late to run INIT block");
4581 av_push(PL_initav, (SV*)cv);
4582 GvCV(gv) = 0; /* cv has been hijacked */
4587 PL_copline = NOLINE;
4592 /* XXX unsafe for threads if eval_owner isn't held */
4594 =for apidoc newCONSTSUB
4596 Creates a constant sub equivalent to Perl C<sub FOO () { 123 }> which is
4597 eligible for inlining at compile-time.
4603 Perl_newCONSTSUB(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, SV *sv)
4610 SAVECOPLINE(PL_curcop);
4611 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, PL_copline);
4614 PL_hints &= ~HINT_BLOCK_SCOPE;
4617 SAVESPTR(PL_curstash);
4618 SAVECOPSTASH(PL_curcop);
4619 PL_curstash = stash;
4620 CopSTASH_set(PL_curcop,stash);
4623 cv = newXS(name, const_sv_xsub, savepv(CopFILE(PL_curcop)));
4624 CvXSUBANY(cv).any_ptr = sv;
4626 sv_setpvn((SV*)cv, "", 0); /* prototype is "" */
4629 CopSTASH_free(PL_curcop);
4637 =for apidoc U||newXS
4639 Used by C<xsubpp> to hook up XSUBs as Perl subs.
4645 Perl_newXS(pTHX_ const char *name, XSUBADDR_t subaddr, const char *filename)
4647 GV * const gv = gv_fetchpv(name ? name :
4648 (PL_curstash ? "__ANON__" : "__ANON__::__ANON__"),
4649 GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVCV);
4653 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: no address for '%s' in '%s'", name, filename);
4655 if ((cv = (name ? GvCV(gv) : Nullcv))) {
4657 /* just a cached method */
4661 else if (CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv) || GvASSUMECV(gv)) {
4662 /* already defined (or promised) */
4663 /* XXX It's possible for this HvNAME_get to return null, and get passed into strEQ */
4664 if (ckWARN(WARN_REDEFINE)) {
4665 GV * const gvcv = CvGV(cv);
4667 HV * const stash = GvSTASH(gvcv);
4669 const char *name = HvNAME_get(stash);
4670 if ( strEQ(name,"autouse") ) {
4671 const line_t oldline = CopLINE(PL_curcop);
4672 if (PL_copline != NOLINE)
4673 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, PL_copline);
4674 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_REDEFINE),
4675 CvCONST(cv) ? "Constant subroutine %s redefined"
4676 : "Subroutine %s redefined"
4678 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
4688 if (cv) /* must reuse cv if autoloaded */
4691 cv = (CV*)NEWSV(1105,0);
4692 sv_upgrade((SV *)cv, SVt_PVCV);
4696 PL_sub_generation++;
4700 (void)gv_fetchfile(filename);
4701 CvFILE(cv) = (char *)filename; /* NOTE: not copied, as it is expected to be
4702 an external constant string */
4703 CvXSUB(cv) = subaddr;
4706 const char *s = strrchr(name,':');
4712 if (*s != 'B' && *s != 'E' && *s != 'C' && *s != 'I')
4715 if (strEQ(s, "BEGIN")) {
4717 PL_beginav = newAV();
4718 av_push(PL_beginav, (SV*)cv);
4719 GvCV(gv) = 0; /* cv has been hijacked */
4721 else if (strEQ(s, "END")) {
4724 av_unshift(PL_endav, 1);
4725 av_store(PL_endav, 0, (SV*)cv);
4726 GvCV(gv) = 0; /* cv has been hijacked */
4728 else if (strEQ(s, "CHECK")) {
4730 PL_checkav = newAV();
4731 if (PL_main_start && ckWARN(WARN_VOID))
4732 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_VOID), "Too late to run CHECK block");
4733 av_unshift(PL_checkav, 1);
4734 av_store(PL_checkav, 0, (SV*)cv);
4735 GvCV(gv) = 0; /* cv has been hijacked */
4737 else if (strEQ(s, "INIT")) {
4739 PL_initav = newAV();
4740 if (PL_main_start && ckWARN(WARN_VOID))
4741 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_VOID), "Too late to run INIT block");
4742 av_push(PL_initav, (SV*)cv);
4743 GvCV(gv) = 0; /* cv has been hijacked */
4754 Perl_newFORM(pTHX_ I32 floor, OP *o, OP *block)
4760 gv = gv_fetchsv(cSVOPo->op_sv, TRUE, SVt_PVFM);
4762 gv = gv_fetchpv("STDOUT", TRUE, SVt_PVFM);
4764 #ifdef GV_UNIQUE_CHECK
4766 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for form (GV is unique)");
4770 if ((cv = GvFORM(gv))) {
4771 if (ckWARN(WARN_REDEFINE)) {
4772 const line_t oldline = CopLINE(PL_curcop);
4773 if (PL_copline != NOLINE)
4774 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, PL_copline);
4775 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_REDEFINE),
4776 o ? "Format %"SVf" redefined"
4777 : "Format STDOUT redefined" ,cSVOPo->op_sv);
4778 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
4785 CvFILE_set_from_cop(cv, PL_curcop);
4788 pad_tidy(padtidy_FORMAT);
4789 CvROOT(cv) = newUNOP(OP_LEAVEWRITE, 0, scalarseq(block));
4790 CvROOT(cv)->op_private |= OPpREFCOUNTED;
4791 OpREFCNT_set(CvROOT(cv), 1);
4792 CvSTART(cv) = LINKLIST(CvROOT(cv));
4793 CvROOT(cv)->op_next = 0;
4794 CALL_PEEP(CvSTART(cv));
4796 PL_copline = NOLINE;
4801 Perl_newANONLIST(pTHX_ OP *o)
4803 return newUNOP(OP_REFGEN, 0,
4804 mod(list(convert(OP_ANONLIST, 0, o)), OP_REFGEN));
4808 Perl_newANONHASH(pTHX_ OP *o)
4810 return newUNOP(OP_REFGEN, 0,
4811 mod(list(convert(OP_ANONHASH, 0, o)), OP_REFGEN));
4815 Perl_newANONSUB(pTHX_ I32 floor, OP *proto, OP *block)
4817 return newANONATTRSUB(floor, proto, Nullop, block);
4821 Perl_newANONATTRSUB(pTHX_ I32 floor, OP *proto, OP *attrs, OP *block)
4823 return newUNOP(OP_REFGEN, 0,
4824 newSVOP(OP_ANONCODE, 0,
4825 (SV*)newATTRSUB(floor, 0, proto, attrs, block)));
4829 Perl_oopsAV(pTHX_ OP *o)
4832 switch (o->op_type) {
4834 o->op_type = OP_PADAV;
4835 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_PADAV];
4836 return ref(o, OP_RV2AV);
4839 o->op_type = OP_RV2AV;
4840 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_RV2AV];
4845 if (ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL))
4846 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL), "oops: oopsAV");
4853 Perl_oopsHV(pTHX_ OP *o)
4856 switch (o->op_type) {
4859 o->op_type = OP_PADHV;
4860 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_PADHV];
4861 return ref(o, OP_RV2HV);
4865 o->op_type = OP_RV2HV;
4866 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_RV2HV];
4871 if (ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL))
4872 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL), "oops: oopsHV");
4879 Perl_newAVREF(pTHX_ OP *o)
4882 if (o->op_type == OP_PADANY) {
4883 o->op_type = OP_PADAV;
4884 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_PADAV];
4887 else if ((o->op_type == OP_RV2AV || o->op_type == OP_PADAV)
4888 && ckWARN(WARN_DEPRECATED)) {
4889 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEPRECATED),
4890 "Using an array as a reference is deprecated");
4892 return newUNOP(OP_RV2AV, 0, scalar(o));
4896 Perl_newGVREF(pTHX_ I32 type, OP *o)
4898 if (type == OP_MAPSTART || type == OP_GREPSTART || type == OP_SORT)
4899 return newUNOP(OP_NULL, 0, o);
4900 return ref(newUNOP(OP_RV2GV, OPf_REF, o), type);
4904 Perl_newHVREF(pTHX_ OP *o)
4907 if (o->op_type == OP_PADANY) {
4908 o->op_type = OP_PADHV;
4909 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_PADHV];
4912 else if ((o->op_type == OP_RV2HV || o->op_type == OP_PADHV)
4913 && ckWARN(WARN_DEPRECATED)) {
4914 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEPRECATED),
4915 "Using a hash as a reference is deprecated");
4917 return newUNOP(OP_RV2HV, 0, scalar(o));
4921 Perl_newCVREF(pTHX_ I32 flags, OP *o)
4923 return newUNOP(OP_RV2CV, flags, scalar(o));
4927 Perl_newSVREF(pTHX_ OP *o)
4930 if (o->op_type == OP_PADANY) {
4931 o->op_type = OP_PADSV;
4932 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_PADSV];
4935 else if (o->op_type == OP_THREADSV && !(o->op_flags & OPpDONE_SVREF)) {
4936 o->op_flags |= OPpDONE_SVREF;
4939 return newUNOP(OP_RV2SV, 0, scalar(o));
4942 /* Check routines. See the comments at the top of this file for details
4943 * on when these are called */
4946 Perl_ck_anoncode(pTHX_ OP *o)
4948 cSVOPo->op_targ = pad_add_anon(cSVOPo->op_sv, o->op_type);
4949 cSVOPo->op_sv = Nullsv;
4954 Perl_ck_bitop(pTHX_ OP *o)
4956 #define OP_IS_NUMCOMPARE(op) \
4957 ((op) == OP_LT || (op) == OP_I_LT || \
4958 (op) == OP_GT || (op) == OP_I_GT || \
4959 (op) == OP_LE || (op) == OP_I_LE || \
4960 (op) == OP_GE || (op) == OP_I_GE || \
4961 (op) == OP_EQ || (op) == OP_I_EQ || \
4962 (op) == OP_NE || (op) == OP_I_NE || \
4963 (op) == OP_NCMP || (op) == OP_I_NCMP)
4964 o->op_private = (U8)(PL_hints & HINT_PRIVATE_MASK);
4965 if (!(o->op_flags & OPf_STACKED) /* Not an assignment */
4966 && (o->op_type == OP_BIT_OR
4967 || o->op_type == OP_BIT_AND
4968 || o->op_type == OP_BIT_XOR))
4970 const OP * const left = cBINOPo->op_first;
4971 const OP * const right = left->op_sibling;
4972 if ((OP_IS_NUMCOMPARE(left->op_type) &&
4973 (left->op_flags & OPf_PARENS) == 0) ||
4974 (OP_IS_NUMCOMPARE(right->op_type) &&
4975 (right->op_flags & OPf_PARENS) == 0))
4976 if (ckWARN(WARN_PRECEDENCE))
4977 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_PRECEDENCE),
4978 "Possible precedence problem on bitwise %c operator",
4979 o->op_type == OP_BIT_OR ? '|'
4980 : o->op_type == OP_BIT_AND ? '&' : '^'
4987 Perl_ck_concat(pTHX_ OP *o)
4989 const OP *kid = cUNOPo->op_first;
4990 if (kid->op_type == OP_CONCAT && !(kid->op_private & OPpTARGET_MY) &&
4991 !(kUNOP->op_first->op_flags & OPf_MOD))
4992 o->op_flags |= OPf_STACKED;
4997 Perl_ck_spair(pTHX_ OP *o)
5000 if (o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) {
5003 const OPCODE type = o->op_type;
5004 o = modkids(ck_fun(o), type);
5005 kid = cUNOPo->op_first;
5006 newop = kUNOP->op_first->op_sibling;
5008 (newop->op_sibling ||
5009 !(PL_opargs[newop->op_type] & OA_RETSCALAR) ||
5010 newop->op_type == OP_PADAV || newop->op_type == OP_PADHV ||
5011 newop->op_type == OP_RV2AV || newop->op_type == OP_RV2HV)) {
5015 op_free(kUNOP->op_first);
5016 kUNOP->op_first = newop;
5018 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[++o->op_type];
5023 Perl_ck_delete(pTHX_ OP *o)
5027 if (o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) {
5028 OP * const kid = cUNOPo->op_first;
5029 switch (kid->op_type) {
5031 o->op_flags |= OPf_SPECIAL;
5034 o->op_private |= OPpSLICE;
5037 o->op_flags |= OPf_SPECIAL;
5042 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element or slice",
5051 Perl_ck_die(pTHX_ OP *o)
5054 if (VMSISH_HUSHED) o->op_private |= OPpHUSH_VMSISH;
5060 Perl_ck_eof(pTHX_ OP *o)
5062 const I32 type = o->op_type;
5064 if (o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) {
5065 if (cLISTOPo->op_first->op_type == OP_STUB) {
5067 o = newUNOP(type, OPf_SPECIAL, newGVOP(OP_GV, 0, PL_argvgv));
5075 Perl_ck_eval(pTHX_ OP *o)
5078 PL_hints |= HINT_BLOCK_SCOPE;
5079 if (o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) {
5080 SVOP * const kid = (SVOP*)cUNOPo->op_first;
5083 o->op_flags &= ~OPf_KIDS;
5086 else if (kid->op_type == OP_LINESEQ || kid->op_type == OP_STUB) {
5089 cUNOPo->op_first = 0;
5092 NewOp(1101, enter, 1, LOGOP);
5093 enter->op_type = OP_ENTERTRY;
5094 enter->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_ENTERTRY];
5095 enter->op_private = 0;
5097 /* establish postfix order */
5098 enter->op_next = (OP*)enter;
5100 o = prepend_elem(OP_LINESEQ, (OP*)enter, (OP*)kid);
5101 o->op_type = OP_LEAVETRY;
5102 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_LEAVETRY];
5103 enter->op_other = o;
5113 o = newUNOP(OP_ENTEREVAL, 0, newDEFSVOP());
5115 o->op_targ = (PADOFFSET)PL_hints;
5120 Perl_ck_exit(pTHX_ OP *o)
5123 HV * const table = GvHV(PL_hintgv);
5125 SV * const * const svp = hv_fetch(table, "vmsish_exit", 11, FALSE);
5126 if (svp && *svp && SvTRUE(*svp))
5127 o->op_private |= OPpEXIT_VMSISH;
5129 if (VMSISH_HUSHED) o->op_private |= OPpHUSH_VMSISH;
5135 Perl_ck_exec(pTHX_ OP *o)
5137 if (o->op_flags & OPf_STACKED) {
5140 kid = cUNOPo->op_first->op_sibling;
5141 if (kid->op_type == OP_RV2GV)
5150 Perl_ck_exists(pTHX_ OP *o)
5153 if (o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) {
5154 OP * const kid = cUNOPo->op_first;
5155 if (kid->op_type == OP_ENTERSUB) {
5156 (void) ref(kid, o->op_type);
5157 if (kid->op_type != OP_RV2CV && !PL_error_count)
5158 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s argument is not a subroutine name",
5160 o->op_private |= OPpEXISTS_SUB;
5162 else if (kid->op_type == OP_AELEM)
5163 o->op_flags |= OPf_SPECIAL;
5164 else if (kid->op_type != OP_HELEM)
5165 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element",
5173 Perl_ck_rvconst(pTHX_ register OP *o)
5176 SVOP *kid = (SVOP*)cUNOPo->op_first;
5178 o->op_private |= (PL_hints & HINT_STRICT_REFS);
5179 if (kid->op_type == OP_CONST) {
5182 SV * const kidsv = kid->op_sv;
5184 /* Is it a constant from cv_const_sv()? */
5185 if (SvROK(kidsv) && SvREADONLY(kidsv)) {
5186 SV *rsv = SvRV(kidsv);
5187 const int svtype = SvTYPE(rsv);
5188 const char *badtype = Nullch;
5190 switch (o->op_type) {
5192 if (svtype > SVt_PVMG)
5193 badtype = "a SCALAR";
5196 if (svtype != SVt_PVAV)
5197 badtype = "an ARRAY";
5200 if (svtype != SVt_PVHV)
5204 if (svtype != SVt_PVCV)
5209 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Constant is not %s reference", badtype);
5212 if ((PL_hints & HINT_STRICT_REFS) && (kid->op_private & OPpCONST_BARE)) {
5213 const char *badthing = Nullch;
5214 switch (o->op_type) {
5216 badthing = "a SCALAR";
5219 badthing = "an ARRAY";
5222 badthing = "a HASH";
5227 "Can't use bareword (\"%"SVf"\") as %s ref while \"strict refs\" in use",
5231 * This is a little tricky. We only want to add the symbol if we
5232 * didn't add it in the lexer. Otherwise we get duplicate strict
5233 * warnings. But if we didn't add it in the lexer, we must at
5234 * least pretend like we wanted to add it even if it existed before,
5235 * or we get possible typo warnings. OPpCONST_ENTERED says
5236 * whether the lexer already added THIS instance of this symbol.
5238 iscv = (o->op_type == OP_RV2CV) * 2;
5240 gv = gv_fetchsv(kidsv,
5241 iscv | !(kid->op_private & OPpCONST_ENTERED),
5244 : o->op_type == OP_RV2SV
5246 : o->op_type == OP_RV2AV
5248 : o->op_type == OP_RV2HV
5251 } while (!gv && !(kid->op_private & OPpCONST_ENTERED) && !iscv++);
5253 kid->op_type = OP_GV;
5254 SvREFCNT_dec(kid->op_sv);
5256 /* XXX hack: dependence on sizeof(PADOP) <= sizeof(SVOP) */
5257 kPADOP->op_padix = pad_alloc(OP_GV, SVs_PADTMP);
5258 SvREFCNT_dec(PAD_SVl(kPADOP->op_padix));
5260 PAD_SETSV(kPADOP->op_padix, (SV*) SvREFCNT_inc(gv));
5262 kid->op_sv = SvREFCNT_inc(gv);
5264 kid->op_private = 0;
5265 kid->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_GV];
5272 Perl_ck_ftst(pTHX_ OP *o)
5275 const I32 type = o->op_type;
5277 if (o->op_flags & OPf_REF) {
5280 else if (o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS && cUNOPo->op_first->op_type != OP_STUB) {
5281 SVOP * const kid = (SVOP*)cUNOPo->op_first;
5283 if (kid->op_type == OP_CONST && (kid->op_private & OPpCONST_BARE)) {
5284 OP * const newop = newGVOP(type, OPf_REF,
5285 gv_fetchsv(kid->op_sv, TRUE, SVt_PVIO));
5291 if ((PL_hints & HINT_FILETEST_ACCESS) &&
5292 OP_IS_FILETEST_ACCESS(o))
5293 o->op_private |= OPpFT_ACCESS;
5295 if (PL_check[kid->op_type] == MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_ck_ftst)
5296 && kid->op_type != OP_STAT && kid->op_type != OP_LSTAT)
5297 o->op_private |= OPpFT_STACKED;
5301 if (type == OP_FTTTY)
5302 o = newGVOP(type, OPf_REF, PL_stdingv);
5304 o = newUNOP(type, 0, newDEFSVOP());
5310 Perl_ck_fun(pTHX_ OP *o)
5312 const int type = o->op_type;
5313 register I32 oa = PL_opargs[type] >> OASHIFT;
5315 if (o->op_flags & OPf_STACKED) {
5316 if ((oa & OA_OPTIONAL) && (oa >> 4) && !((oa >> 4) & OA_OPTIONAL))
5319 return no_fh_allowed(o);
5322 if (o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) {
5323 OP **tokid = &cLISTOPo->op_first;
5324 register OP *kid = cLISTOPo->op_first;
5328 if (kid->op_type == OP_PUSHMARK ||
5329 (kid->op_type == OP_NULL && kid->op_targ == OP_PUSHMARK))
5331 tokid = &kid->op_sibling;
5332 kid = kid->op_sibling;
5334 if (!kid && PL_opargs[type] & OA_DEFGV)
5335 *tokid = kid = newDEFSVOP();
5339 sibl = kid->op_sibling;
5342 /* list seen where single (scalar) arg expected? */
5343 if (numargs == 1 && !(oa >> 4)
5344 && kid->op_type == OP_LIST && type != OP_SCALAR)
5346 return too_many_arguments(o,PL_op_desc[type]);
5359 if ((type == OP_PUSH || type == OP_UNSHIFT)
5360 && !kid->op_sibling && ckWARN(WARN_SYNTAX))
5361 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_SYNTAX),
5362 "Useless use of %s with no values",
5365 if (kid->op_type == OP_CONST &&
5366 (kid->op_private & OPpCONST_BARE))
5368 OP * const newop = newAVREF(newGVOP(OP_GV, 0,
5369 gv_fetchsv(((SVOP*)kid)->op_sv, TRUE, SVt_PVAV) ));
5370 if (ckWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX))
5371 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX),
5372 "Array @%"SVf" missing the @ in argument %"IVdf" of %s()",
5373 ((SVOP*)kid)->op_sv, (IV)numargs, PL_op_desc[type]);
5376 kid->op_sibling = sibl;
5379 else if (kid->op_type != OP_RV2AV && kid->op_type != OP_PADAV)
5380 bad_type(numargs, "array", PL_op_desc[type], kid);
5384 if (kid->op_type == OP_CONST &&
5385 (kid->op_private & OPpCONST_BARE))
5387 OP * const newop = newHVREF(newGVOP(OP_GV, 0,
5388 gv_fetchsv(((SVOP*)kid)->op_sv, TRUE, SVt_PVHV) ));
5389 if (ckWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX))
5390 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX),
5391 "Hash %%%"SVf" missing the %% in argument %"IVdf" of %s()",
5392 ((SVOP*)kid)->op_sv, (IV)numargs, PL_op_desc[type]);
5395 kid->op_sibling = sibl;
5398 else if (kid->op_type != OP_RV2HV && kid->op_type != OP_PADHV)
5399 bad_type(numargs, "hash", PL_op_desc[type], kid);
5404 OP * const newop = newUNOP(OP_NULL, 0, kid);
5405 kid->op_sibling = 0;
5407 newop->op_next = newop;
5409 kid->op_sibling = sibl;
5414 if (kid->op_type != OP_GV && kid->op_type != OP_RV2GV) {
5415 if (kid->op_type == OP_CONST &&
5416 (kid->op_private & OPpCONST_BARE))
5418 OP *newop = newGVOP(OP_GV, 0,
5419 gv_fetchsv(((SVOP*)kid)->op_sv, TRUE, SVt_PVIO) );
5420 if (!(o->op_private & 1) && /* if not unop */
5421 kid == cLISTOPo->op_last)
5422 cLISTOPo->op_last = newop;
5426 else if (kid->op_type == OP_READLINE) {
5427 /* neophyte patrol: open(<FH>), close(<FH>) etc. */
5428 bad_type(numargs, "HANDLE", OP_DESC(o), kid);
5431 I32 flags = OPf_SPECIAL;
5435 /* is this op a FH constructor? */
5436 if (is_handle_constructor(o,numargs)) {
5437 const char *name = Nullch;
5441 /* Set a flag to tell rv2gv to vivify
5442 * need to "prove" flag does not mean something
5443 * else already - NI-S 1999/05/07
5446 if (kid->op_type == OP_PADSV) {
5447 name = PAD_COMPNAME_PV(kid->op_targ);
5448 /* SvCUR of a pad namesv can't be trusted
5449 * (see PL_generation), so calc its length
5455 else if (kid->op_type == OP_RV2SV
5456 && kUNOP->op_first->op_type == OP_GV)
5458 GV *gv = cGVOPx_gv(kUNOP->op_first);
5460 len = GvNAMELEN(gv);
5462 else if (kid->op_type == OP_AELEM
5463 || kid->op_type == OP_HELEM)
5465 OP *op = ((BINOP*)kid)->op_first;
5468 SV *tmpstr = Nullsv;
5469 const char * const a =
5470 kid->op_type == OP_AELEM ?
5472 if (((op->op_type == OP_RV2AV) ||
5473 (op->op_type == OP_RV2HV)) &&
5474 (op = ((UNOP*)op)->op_first) &&
5475 (op->op_type == OP_GV)) {
5476 /* packagevar $a[] or $h{} */
5477 GV * const gv = cGVOPx_gv(op);
5485 else if (op->op_type == OP_PADAV
5486 || op->op_type == OP_PADHV) {
5487 /* lexicalvar $a[] or $h{} */
5488 const char * const padname =
5489 PAD_COMPNAME_PV(op->op_targ);
5498 name = SvPV_const(tmpstr, len);
5503 name = "__ANONIO__";
5510 targ = pad_alloc(OP_RV2GV, SVs_PADTMP);
5511 namesv = PAD_SVl(targ);
5512 SvUPGRADE(namesv, SVt_PV);
5514 sv_setpvn(namesv, "$", 1);
5515 sv_catpvn(namesv, name, len);
5518 kid->op_sibling = 0;
5519 kid = newUNOP(OP_RV2GV, flags, scalar(kid));
5520 kid->op_targ = targ;
5521 kid->op_private |= priv;
5523 kid->op_sibling = sibl;
5529 mod(scalar(kid), type);
5533 tokid = &kid->op_sibling;
5534 kid = kid->op_sibling;
5536 o->op_private |= numargs;
5538 return too_many_arguments(o,OP_DESC(o));
5541 else if (PL_opargs[type] & OA_DEFGV) {
5543 return newUNOP(type, 0, newDEFSVOP());
5547 while (oa & OA_OPTIONAL)
5549 if (oa && oa != OA_LIST)
5550 return too_few_arguments(o,OP_DESC(o));
5556 Perl_ck_glob(pTHX_ OP *o)
5562 if ((o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) && !cLISTOPo->op_first->op_sibling)
5563 append_elem(OP_GLOB, o, newDEFSVOP());
5565 if (!((gv = gv_fetchpv("glob", FALSE, SVt_PVCV))
5566 && GvCVu(gv) && GvIMPORTED_CV(gv)))
5568 gv = gv_fetchpv("CORE::GLOBAL::glob", FALSE, SVt_PVCV);
5571 #if !defined(PERL_EXTERNAL_GLOB)
5572 /* XXX this can be tightened up and made more failsafe. */
5573 if (!(gv && GvCVu(gv) && GvIMPORTED_CV(gv))) {
5576 Perl_load_module(aTHX_ PERL_LOADMOD_NOIMPORT,
5577 newSVpvn("File::Glob", 10), Nullsv, Nullsv, Nullsv);
5578 gv = gv_fetchpv("CORE::GLOBAL::glob", FALSE, SVt_PVCV);
5579 glob_gv = gv_fetchpv("File::Glob::csh_glob", FALSE, SVt_PVCV);
5580 GvCV(gv) = GvCV(glob_gv);
5581 (void)SvREFCNT_inc((SV*)GvCV(gv));
5582 GvIMPORTED_CV_on(gv);
5585 #endif /* PERL_EXTERNAL_GLOB */
5587 if (gv && GvCVu(gv) && GvIMPORTED_CV(gv)) {
5588 append_elem(OP_GLOB, o,
5589 newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, newSViv(PL_glob_index++)));
5590 o->op_type = OP_LIST;
5591 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_LIST];
5592 cLISTOPo->op_first->op_type = OP_PUSHMARK;
5593 cLISTOPo->op_first->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_PUSHMARK];
5594 cLISTOPo->op_first->op_targ = 0;
5595 o = newUNOP(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_STACKED,
5596 append_elem(OP_LIST, o,
5597 scalar(newUNOP(OP_RV2CV, 0,
5598 newGVOP(OP_GV, 0, gv)))));
5599 o = newUNOP(OP_NULL, 0, ck_subr(o));
5600 o->op_targ = OP_GLOB; /* hint at what it used to be */
5603 gv = newGVgen("main");
5605 append_elem(OP_GLOB, o, newGVOP(OP_GV, 0, gv));
5611 Perl_ck_grep(pTHX_ OP *o)
5616 const OPCODE type = o->op_type == OP_GREPSTART ? OP_GREPWHILE : OP_MAPWHILE;
5619 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_GREPSTART];
5620 NewOp(1101, gwop, 1, LOGOP);
5622 if (o->op_flags & OPf_STACKED) {
5625 kid = cLISTOPo->op_first->op_sibling;
5626 if (!cUNOPx(kid)->op_next)
5627 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: ck_grep");
5628 for (k = cUNOPx(kid)->op_first; k; k = k->op_next) {
5631 kid->op_next = (OP*)gwop;
5632 o->op_flags &= ~OPf_STACKED;
5634 kid = cLISTOPo->op_first->op_sibling;
5635 if (type == OP_MAPWHILE)
5642 kid = cLISTOPo->op_first->op_sibling;
5643 if (kid->op_type != OP_NULL)
5644 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: ck_grep");
5645 kid = kUNOP->op_first;
5647 gwop->op_type = type;
5648 gwop->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[type];
5649 gwop->op_first = listkids(o);
5650 gwop->op_flags |= OPf_KIDS;
5651 gwop->op_other = LINKLIST(kid);
5652 kid->op_next = (OP*)gwop;
5653 offset = pad_findmy("$_");
5654 if (offset == NOT_IN_PAD || PAD_COMPNAME_FLAGS(offset) & SVpad_OUR) {
5655 o->op_private = gwop->op_private = 0;
5656 gwop->op_targ = pad_alloc(type, SVs_PADTMP);
5659 o->op_private = gwop->op_private = OPpGREP_LEX;
5660 gwop->op_targ = o->op_targ = offset;
5663 kid = cLISTOPo->op_first->op_sibling;
5664 if (!kid || !kid->op_sibling)
5665 return too_few_arguments(o,OP_DESC(o));
5666 for (kid = kid->op_sibling; kid; kid = kid->op_sibling)
5667 mod(kid, OP_GREPSTART);
5673 Perl_ck_index(pTHX_ OP *o)
5675 if (o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) {
5676 OP *kid = cLISTOPo->op_first->op_sibling; /* get past pushmark */
5678 kid = kid->op_sibling; /* get past "big" */
5679 if (kid && kid->op_type == OP_CONST)
5680 fbm_compile(((SVOP*)kid)->op_sv, 0);
5686 Perl_ck_lengthconst(pTHX_ OP *o)
5688 /* XXX length optimization goes here */
5693 Perl_ck_lfun(pTHX_ OP *o)
5695 const OPCODE type = o->op_type;
5696 return modkids(ck_fun(o), type);
5700 Perl_ck_defined(pTHX_ OP *o) /* 19990527 MJD */
5702 if ((o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) && ckWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX)) {
5703 switch (cUNOPo->op_first->op_type) {
5705 /* This is needed for
5706 if (defined %stash::)
5707 to work. Do not break Tk.
5709 break; /* Globals via GV can be undef */
5711 case OP_AASSIGN: /* Is this a good idea? */
5712 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX),
5713 "defined(@array) is deprecated");
5714 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX),
5715 "\t(Maybe you should just omit the defined()?)\n");
5718 /* This is needed for
5719 if (defined %stash::)
5720 to work. Do not break Tk.
5722 break; /* Globals via GV can be undef */
5724 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX),
5725 "defined(%%hash) is deprecated");
5726 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX),
5727 "\t(Maybe you should just omit the defined()?)\n");
5738 Perl_ck_rfun(pTHX_ OP *o)
5740 const OPCODE type = o->op_type;
5741 return refkids(ck_fun(o), type);
5745 Perl_ck_listiob(pTHX_ OP *o)
5749 kid = cLISTOPo->op_first;
5752 kid = cLISTOPo->op_first;
5754 if (kid->op_type == OP_PUSHMARK)
5755 kid = kid->op_sibling;
5756 if (kid && o->op_flags & OPf_STACKED)
5757 kid = kid->op_sibling;
5758 else if (kid && !kid->op_sibling) { /* print HANDLE; */
5759 if (kid->op_type == OP_CONST && kid->op_private & OPpCONST_BARE) {
5760 o->op_flags |= OPf_STACKED; /* make it a filehandle */
5761 kid = newUNOP(OP_RV2GV, OPf_REF, scalar(kid));
5762 cLISTOPo->op_first->op_sibling = kid;
5763 cLISTOPo->op_last = kid;
5764 kid = kid->op_sibling;
5769 append_elem(o->op_type, o, newDEFSVOP());
5775 Perl_ck_sassign(pTHX_ OP *o)
5777 OP *kid = cLISTOPo->op_first;
5778 /* has a disposable target? */
5779 if ((PL_opargs[kid->op_type] & OA_TARGLEX)
5780 && !(kid->op_flags & OPf_STACKED)
5781 /* Cannot steal the second time! */
5782 && !(kid->op_private & OPpTARGET_MY))
5784 OP * const kkid = kid->op_sibling;
5786 /* Can just relocate the target. */
5787 if (kkid && kkid->op_type == OP_PADSV
5788 && !(kkid->op_private & OPpLVAL_INTRO))
5790 kid->op_targ = kkid->op_targ;
5792 /* Now we do not need PADSV and SASSIGN. */
5793 kid->op_sibling = o->op_sibling; /* NULL */
5794 cLISTOPo->op_first = NULL;
5797 kid->op_private |= OPpTARGET_MY; /* Used for context settings */
5801 /* optimise C<my $x = undef> to C<my $x> */
5802 if (kid->op_type == OP_UNDEF) {
5803 OP * const kkid = kid->op_sibling;
5804 if (kkid && kkid->op_type == OP_PADSV
5805 && (kkid->op_private & OPpLVAL_INTRO))
5807 cLISTOPo->op_first = NULL;
5808 kid->op_sibling = NULL;
5818 Perl_ck_match(pTHX_ OP *o)
5820 if (o->op_type != OP_QR) {
5821 const I32 offset = pad_findmy("$_");
5822 if (offset != NOT_IN_PAD && !(PAD_COMPNAME_FLAGS(offset) & SVpad_OUR)) {
5823 o->op_targ = offset;
5824 o->op_private |= OPpTARGET_MY;
5827 if (o->op_type == OP_MATCH || o->op_type == OP_QR)
5828 o->op_private |= OPpRUNTIME;
5833 Perl_ck_method(pTHX_ OP *o)
5835 OP * const kid = cUNOPo->op_first;
5836 if (kid->op_type == OP_CONST) {
5837 SV* sv = kSVOP->op_sv;
5838 if (!(strchr(SvPVX_const(sv), ':') || strchr(SvPVX_const(sv), '\''))) {
5840 if (!SvREADONLY(sv) || !SvFAKE(sv)) {
5841 sv = newSVpvn_share(SvPVX_const(sv), SvCUR(sv), 0);
5844 kSVOP->op_sv = Nullsv;
5846 cmop = newSVOP(OP_METHOD_NAMED, 0, sv);
5855 Perl_ck_null(pTHX_ OP *o)
5861 Perl_ck_open(pTHX_ OP *o)
5863 HV * const table = GvHV(PL_hintgv);
5865 SV **svp = hv_fetch(table, "open_IN", 7, FALSE);
5867 const I32 mode = mode_from_discipline(*svp);
5868 if (mode & O_BINARY)
5869 o->op_private |= OPpOPEN_IN_RAW;
5870 else if (mode & O_TEXT)
5871 o->op_private |= OPpOPEN_IN_CRLF;
5874 svp = hv_fetch(table, "open_OUT", 8, FALSE);
5876 const I32 mode = mode_from_discipline(*svp);
5877 if (mode & O_BINARY)
5878 o->op_private |= OPpOPEN_OUT_RAW;
5879 else if (mode & O_TEXT)
5880 o->op_private |= OPpOPEN_OUT_CRLF;
5883 if (o->op_type == OP_BACKTICK)
5886 /* In case of three-arg dup open remove strictness
5887 * from the last arg if it is a bareword. */
5888 OP * const first = cLISTOPx(o)->op_first; /* The pushmark. */
5889 OP * const last = cLISTOPx(o)->op_last; /* The bareword. */
5893 if ((last->op_type == OP_CONST) && /* The bareword. */
5894 (last->op_private & OPpCONST_BARE) &&
5895 (last->op_private & OPpCONST_STRICT) &&
5896 (oa = first->op_sibling) && /* The fh. */
5897 (oa = oa->op_sibling) && /* The mode. */
5898 (oa->op_type == OP_CONST) &&
5899 SvPOK(((SVOP*)oa)->op_sv) &&
5900 (mode = SvPVX_const(((SVOP*)oa)->op_sv)) &&
5901 mode[0] == '>' && mode[1] == '&' && /* A dup open. */
5902 (last == oa->op_sibling)) /* The bareword. */
5903 last->op_private &= ~OPpCONST_STRICT;
5909 Perl_ck_repeat(pTHX_ OP *o)
5911 if (cBINOPo->op_first->op_flags & OPf_PARENS) {
5912 o->op_private |= OPpREPEAT_DOLIST;
5913 cBINOPo->op_first = force_list(cBINOPo->op_first);
5921 Perl_ck_require(pTHX_ OP *o)
5925 if (o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) { /* Shall we supply missing .pm? */
5926 SVOP * const kid = (SVOP*)cUNOPo->op_first;
5928 if (kid->op_type == OP_CONST && (kid->op_private & OPpCONST_BARE)) {
5929 SV * const sv = kid->op_sv;
5930 U32 was_readonly = SvREADONLY(sv);
5935 sv_force_normal_flags(sv, 0);
5936 assert(!SvREADONLY(sv));
5943 for (s = SvPVX(sv); *s; s++) {
5944 if (*s == ':' && s[1] == ':') {
5945 const STRLEN len = strlen(s+2)+1;
5947 Move(s+2, s+1, len, char);
5948 SvCUR_set(sv, SvCUR(sv) - 1);
5951 sv_catpvn(sv, ".pm", 3);
5952 SvFLAGS(sv) |= was_readonly;
5956 if (!(o->op_flags & OPf_SPECIAL)) { /* Wasn't written as CORE::require */
5957 /* handle override, if any */
5958 gv = gv_fetchpv("require", FALSE, SVt_PVCV);
5959 if (!(gv && GvCVu(gv) && GvIMPORTED_CV(gv))) {
5960 GV * const * const gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(PL_globalstash, "require", 7, FALSE);
5961 gv = gvp ? *gvp : Nullgv;
5965 if (gv && GvCVu(gv) && GvIMPORTED_CV(gv)) {
5966 OP * const kid = cUNOPo->op_first;
5967 cUNOPo->op_first = 0;
5969 return ck_subr(newUNOP(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_STACKED,
5970 append_elem(OP_LIST, kid,
5971 scalar(newUNOP(OP_RV2CV, 0,
5980 Perl_ck_return(pTHX_ OP *o)
5982 if (CvLVALUE(PL_compcv)) {
5984 for (kid = cLISTOPo->op_first->op_sibling; kid; kid = kid->op_sibling)
5985 mod(kid, OP_LEAVESUBLV);
5991 Perl_ck_select(pTHX_ OP *o)
5995 if (o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) {
5996 kid = cLISTOPo->op_first->op_sibling; /* get past pushmark */
5997 if (kid && kid->op_sibling) {
5998 o->op_type = OP_SSELECT;
5999 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_SSELECT];
6001 return fold_constants(o);
6005 kid = cLISTOPo->op_first->op_sibling; /* get past pushmark */
6006 if (kid && kid->op_type == OP_RV2GV)
6007 kid->op_private &= ~HINT_STRICT_REFS;
6012 Perl_ck_shift(pTHX_ OP *o)
6014 const I32 type = o->op_type;
6016 if (!(o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS)) {
6020 argop = newUNOP(OP_RV2AV, 0,
6021 scalar(newGVOP(OP_GV, 0, CvUNIQUE(PL_compcv) ? PL_argvgv : PL_defgv)));
6022 return newUNOP(type, 0, scalar(argop));
6024 return scalar(modkids(ck_fun(o), type));
6028 Perl_ck_sort(pTHX_ OP *o)
6032 if (o->op_type == OP_SORT && o->op_flags & OPf_STACKED)
6034 firstkid = cLISTOPo->op_first->op_sibling; /* get past pushmark */
6035 if (o->op_flags & OPf_STACKED) { /* may have been cleared */
6037 OP *kid = cUNOPx(firstkid)->op_first; /* get past null */
6039 if (kid->op_type == OP_SCOPE || kid->op_type == OP_LEAVE) {
6041 if (kid->op_type == OP_SCOPE) {
6045 else if (kid->op_type == OP_LEAVE) {
6046 if (o->op_type == OP_SORT) {
6047 op_null(kid); /* wipe out leave */
6050 for (k = kLISTOP->op_first->op_next; k; k = k->op_next) {
6051 if (k->op_next == kid)
6053 /* don't descend into loops */
6054 else if (k->op_type == OP_ENTERLOOP
6055 || k->op_type == OP_ENTERITER)
6057 k = cLOOPx(k)->op_lastop;
6062 kid->op_next = 0; /* just disconnect the leave */
6063 k = kLISTOP->op_first;
6068 if (o->op_type == OP_SORT) {
6069 /* provide scalar context for comparison function/block */
6075 o->op_flags |= OPf_SPECIAL;
6077 else if (kid->op_type == OP_RV2SV || kid->op_type == OP_PADSV)
6080 firstkid = firstkid->op_sibling;
6083 /* provide list context for arguments */
6084 if (o->op_type == OP_SORT)
6091 S_simplify_sort(pTHX_ OP *o)
6093 register OP *kid = cLISTOPo->op_first->op_sibling; /* get past pushmark */
6098 if (!(o->op_flags & OPf_STACKED))
6100 GvMULTI_on(gv_fetchpv("a", TRUE, SVt_PV));
6101 GvMULTI_on(gv_fetchpv("b", TRUE, SVt_PV));
6102 kid = kUNOP->op_first; /* get past null */
6103 if (kid->op_type != OP_SCOPE)
6105 kid = kLISTOP->op_last; /* get past scope */
6106 switch(kid->op_type) {
6114 k = kid; /* remember this node*/
6115 if (kBINOP->op_first->op_type != OP_RV2SV)
6117 kid = kBINOP->op_first; /* get past cmp */
6118 if (kUNOP->op_first->op_type != OP_GV)
6120 kid = kUNOP->op_first; /* get past rv2sv */
6122 if (GvSTASH(gv) != PL_curstash)
6124 gvname = GvNAME(gv);
6125 if (*gvname == 'a' && gvname[1] == '\0')
6127 else if (*gvname == 'b' && gvname[1] == '\0')
6132 kid = k; /* back to cmp */
6133 if (kBINOP->op_last->op_type != OP_RV2SV)
6135 kid = kBINOP->op_last; /* down to 2nd arg */
6136 if (kUNOP->op_first->op_type != OP_GV)
6138 kid = kUNOP->op_first; /* get past rv2sv */
6140 if (GvSTASH(gv) != PL_curstash)
6142 gvname = GvNAME(gv);
6144 ? !(*gvname == 'a' && gvname[1] == '\0')
6145 : !(*gvname == 'b' && gvname[1] == '\0'))
6147 o->op_flags &= ~(OPf_STACKED | OPf_SPECIAL);
6149 o->op_private |= OPpSORT_DESCEND;
6150 if (k->op_type == OP_NCMP)
6151 o->op_private |= OPpSORT_NUMERIC;
6152 if (k->op_type == OP_I_NCMP)
6153 o->op_private |= OPpSORT_NUMERIC | OPpSORT_INTEGER;
6154 kid = cLISTOPo->op_first->op_sibling;
6155 cLISTOPo->op_first->op_sibling = kid->op_sibling; /* bypass old block */
6156 op_free(kid); /* then delete it */
6160 Perl_ck_split(pTHX_ OP *o)
6165 if (o->op_flags & OPf_STACKED)
6166 return no_fh_allowed(o);
6168 kid = cLISTOPo->op_first;
6169 if (kid->op_type != OP_NULL)
6170 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: ck_split");
6171 kid = kid->op_sibling;
6172 op_free(cLISTOPo->op_first);
6173 cLISTOPo->op_first = kid;
6175 cLISTOPo->op_first = kid = newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, newSVpvn(" ", 1));
6176 cLISTOPo->op_last = kid; /* There was only one element previously */
6179 if (kid->op_type != OP_MATCH || kid->op_flags & OPf_STACKED) {
6180 OP * const sibl = kid->op_sibling;
6181 kid->op_sibling = 0;
6182 kid = pmruntime( newPMOP(OP_MATCH, OPf_SPECIAL), kid, 0);
6183 if (cLISTOPo->op_first == cLISTOPo->op_last)
6184 cLISTOPo->op_last = kid;
6185 cLISTOPo->op_first = kid;
6186 kid->op_sibling = sibl;
6189 kid->op_type = OP_PUSHRE;
6190 kid->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_PUSHRE];
6192 if (((PMOP *)kid)->op_pmflags & PMf_GLOBAL && ckWARN(WARN_REGEXP)) {
6193 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_REGEXP),
6194 "Use of /g modifier is meaningless in split");
6197 if (!kid->op_sibling)
6198 append_elem(OP_SPLIT, o, newDEFSVOP());
6200 kid = kid->op_sibling;
6203 if (!kid->op_sibling)
6204 append_elem(OP_SPLIT, o, newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, newSViv(0)));
6206 kid = kid->op_sibling;
6209 if (kid->op_sibling)
6210 return too_many_arguments(o,OP_DESC(o));
6216 Perl_ck_join(pTHX_ OP *o)
6218 const OP * const kid = cLISTOPo->op_first->op_sibling;
6219 if (kid && kid->op_type == OP_MATCH) {
6220 if (ckWARN(WARN_SYNTAX)) {
6221 const REGEXP *re = PM_GETRE(kPMOP);
6222 const char *pmstr = re ? re->precomp : "STRING";
6223 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_SYNTAX),
6224 "/%s/ should probably be written as \"%s\"",
6232 Perl_ck_subr(pTHX_ OP *o)
6234 OP *prev = ((cUNOPo->op_first->op_sibling)
6235 ? cUNOPo : ((UNOP*)cUNOPo->op_first))->op_first;
6236 OP *o2 = prev->op_sibling;
6243 I32 contextclass = 0;
6247 o->op_private |= OPpENTERSUB_HASTARG;
6248 for (cvop = o2; cvop->op_sibling; cvop = cvop->op_sibling) ;
6249 if (cvop->op_type == OP_RV2CV) {
6251 o->op_private |= (cvop->op_private & OPpENTERSUB_AMPER);
6252 op_null(cvop); /* disable rv2cv */
6253 tmpop = (SVOP*)((UNOP*)cvop)->op_first;
6254 if (tmpop->op_type == OP_GV && !(o->op_private & OPpENTERSUB_AMPER)) {
6255 GV *gv = cGVOPx_gv(tmpop);
6258 tmpop->op_private |= OPpEARLY_CV;
6261 namegv = CvANON(cv) ? gv : CvGV(cv);
6262 proto = SvPV_nolen((SV*)cv);
6264 if (CvASSERTION(cv)) {
6265 if (PL_hints & HINT_ASSERTING) {
6266 if (PERLDB_ASSERTION && PL_curstash != PL_debstash)
6267 o->op_private |= OPpENTERSUB_DB;
6271 if (!(PL_hints & HINT_ASSERTIONSSEEN) && ckWARN(WARN_ASSERTIONS)) {
6272 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_ASSERTIONS),
6273 "Impossible to activate assertion call");
6280 else if (cvop->op_type == OP_METHOD || cvop->op_type == OP_METHOD_NAMED) {
6281 if (o2->op_type == OP_CONST)
6282 o2->op_private &= ~OPpCONST_STRICT;
6283 else if (o2->op_type == OP_LIST) {
6284 OP * const o = ((UNOP*)o2)->op_first->op_sibling;
6285 if (o && o->op_type == OP_CONST)
6286 o->op_private &= ~OPpCONST_STRICT;
6289 o->op_private |= (PL_hints & HINT_STRICT_REFS);
6290 if (PERLDB_SUB && PL_curstash != PL_debstash)
6291 o->op_private |= OPpENTERSUB_DB;
6292 while (o2 != cvop) {
6296 return too_many_arguments(o, gv_ename(namegv));
6314 if (o2->op_type != OP_REFGEN && o2->op_type != OP_UNDEF)
6316 arg == 1 ? "block or sub {}" : "sub {}",
6317 gv_ename(namegv), o2);
6320 /* '*' allows any scalar type, including bareword */
6323 if (o2->op_type == OP_RV2GV)
6324 goto wrapref; /* autoconvert GLOB -> GLOBref */
6325 else if (o2->op_type == OP_CONST)
6326 o2->op_private &= ~OPpCONST_STRICT;
6327 else if (o2->op_type == OP_ENTERSUB) {
6328 /* accidental subroutine, revert to bareword */
6329 OP *gvop = ((UNOP*)o2)->op_first;
6330 if (gvop && gvop->op_type == OP_NULL) {
6331 gvop = ((UNOP*)gvop)->op_first;
6333 for (; gvop->op_sibling; gvop = gvop->op_sibling)
6336 (gvop->op_private & OPpENTERSUB_NOPAREN) &&
6337 (gvop = ((UNOP*)gvop)->op_first) &&
6338 gvop->op_type == OP_GV)
6340 GV * const gv = cGVOPx_gv(gvop);
6341 OP * const sibling = o2->op_sibling;
6342 SV * const n = newSVpvn("",0);
6344 gv_fullname4(n, gv, "", FALSE);
6345 o2 = newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, n);
6346 prev->op_sibling = o2;
6347 o2->op_sibling = sibling;
6363 if (contextclass++ == 0) {
6364 e = strchr(proto, ']');
6365 if (!e || e == proto)
6378 while (*--p != '[');
6379 bad_type(arg, Perl_form(aTHX_ "one of %s", p),
6380 gv_ename(namegv), o2);
6386 if (o2->op_type == OP_RV2GV)
6389 bad_type(arg, "symbol", gv_ename(namegv), o2);
6392 if (o2->op_type == OP_ENTERSUB)
6395 bad_type(arg, "subroutine entry", gv_ename(namegv), o2);
6398 if (o2->op_type == OP_RV2SV ||
6399 o2->op_type == OP_PADSV ||
6400 o2->op_type == OP_HELEM ||
6401 o2->op_type == OP_AELEM ||
6402 o2->op_type == OP_THREADSV)
6405 bad_type(arg, "scalar", gv_ename(namegv), o2);
6408 if (o2->op_type == OP_RV2AV ||
6409 o2->op_type == OP_PADAV)
6412 bad_type(arg, "array", gv_ename(namegv), o2);
6415 if (o2->op_type == OP_RV2HV ||
6416 o2->op_type == OP_PADHV)
6419 bad_type(arg, "hash", gv_ename(namegv), o2);
6424 OP* const sib = kid->op_sibling;
6425 kid->op_sibling = 0;
6426 o2 = newUNOP(OP_REFGEN, 0, kid);
6427 o2->op_sibling = sib;
6428 prev->op_sibling = o2;
6430 if (contextclass && e) {
6445 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Malformed prototype for %s: %"SVf,
6446 gv_ename(namegv), cv);
6451 mod(o2, OP_ENTERSUB);
6453 o2 = o2->op_sibling;
6455 if (proto && !optional &&
6456 (*proto && *proto != '@' && *proto != '%' && *proto != ';'))
6457 return too_few_arguments(o, gv_ename(namegv));
6460 o=newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, newSViv(0));
6466 Perl_ck_svconst(pTHX_ OP *o)
6468 SvREADONLY_on(cSVOPo->op_sv);
6473 Perl_ck_trunc(pTHX_ OP *o)
6475 if (o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) {
6476 SVOP *kid = (SVOP*)cUNOPo->op_first;
6478 if (kid->op_type == OP_NULL)
6479 kid = (SVOP*)kid->op_sibling;
6480 if (kid && kid->op_type == OP_CONST &&
6481 (kid->op_private & OPpCONST_BARE))
6483 o->op_flags |= OPf_SPECIAL;
6484 kid->op_private &= ~OPpCONST_STRICT;
6491 Perl_ck_unpack(pTHX_ OP *o)
6493 OP *kid = cLISTOPo->op_first;
6494 if (kid->op_sibling) {
6495 kid = kid->op_sibling;
6496 if (!kid->op_sibling)
6497 kid->op_sibling = newDEFSVOP();
6503 Perl_ck_substr(pTHX_ OP *o)
6506 if ((o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) && o->op_private == 4) {
6507 OP *kid = cLISTOPo->op_first;
6509 if (kid->op_type == OP_NULL)
6510 kid = kid->op_sibling;
6512 kid->op_flags |= OPf_MOD;
6518 /* A peephole optimizer. We visit the ops in the order they're to execute.
6519 * See the comments at the top of this file for more details about when
6520 * peep() is called */
6523 Perl_peep(pTHX_ register OP *o)
6526 register OP* oldop = 0;
6528 if (!o || o->op_opt)
6532 SAVEVPTR(PL_curcop);
6533 for (; o; o = o->op_next) {
6537 switch (o->op_type) {
6541 PL_curcop = ((COP*)o); /* for warnings */
6546 if (cSVOPo->op_private & OPpCONST_STRICT)
6547 no_bareword_allowed(o);
6549 case OP_METHOD_NAMED:
6550 /* Relocate sv to the pad for thread safety.
6551 * Despite being a "constant", the SV is written to,
6552 * for reference counts, sv_upgrade() etc. */
6554 const PADOFFSET ix = pad_alloc(OP_CONST, SVs_PADTMP);
6555 if (o->op_type == OP_CONST && SvPADTMP(cSVOPo->op_sv)) {
6556 /* If op_sv is already a PADTMP then it is being used by
6557 * some pad, so make a copy. */
6558 sv_setsv(PAD_SVl(ix),cSVOPo->op_sv);
6559 SvREADONLY_on(PAD_SVl(ix));
6560 SvREFCNT_dec(cSVOPo->op_sv);
6563 SvREFCNT_dec(PAD_SVl(ix));
6564 SvPADTMP_on(cSVOPo->op_sv);
6565 PAD_SETSV(ix, cSVOPo->op_sv);
6566 /* XXX I don't know how this isn't readonly already. */
6567 SvREADONLY_on(PAD_SVl(ix));
6569 cSVOPo->op_sv = Nullsv;
6577 if (o->op_next && o->op_next->op_type == OP_STRINGIFY) {
6578 if (o->op_next->op_private & OPpTARGET_MY) {
6579 if (o->op_flags & OPf_STACKED) /* chained concats */
6580 goto ignore_optimization;
6582 /* assert(PL_opargs[o->op_type] & OA_TARGLEX); */
6583 o->op_targ = o->op_next->op_targ;
6584 o->op_next->op_targ = 0;
6585 o->op_private |= OPpTARGET_MY;
6588 op_null(o->op_next);
6590 ignore_optimization:
6594 if ((o->op_flags & OPf_WANT) != OPf_WANT_LIST) {
6596 break; /* Scalar stub must produce undef. List stub is noop */
6600 if (o->op_targ == OP_NEXTSTATE
6601 || o->op_targ == OP_DBSTATE
6602 || o->op_targ == OP_SETSTATE)
6604 PL_curcop = ((COP*)o);
6606 /* XXX: We avoid setting op_seq here to prevent later calls
6607 to peep() from mistakenly concluding that optimisation
6608 has already occurred. This doesn't fix the real problem,
6609 though (See 20010220.007). AMS 20010719 */
6610 /* op_seq functionality is now replaced by op_opt */
6611 if (oldop && o->op_next) {
6612 oldop->op_next = o->op_next;
6620 if (oldop && o->op_next) {
6621 oldop->op_next = o->op_next;
6629 if (o->op_type == OP_PADAV || o->op_next->op_type == OP_RV2AV) {
6630 OP* pop = (o->op_type == OP_PADAV) ?
6631 o->op_next : o->op_next->op_next;
6633 if (pop && pop->op_type == OP_CONST &&
6634 ((PL_op = pop->op_next)) &&
6635 pop->op_next->op_type == OP_AELEM &&
6636 !(pop->op_next->op_private &
6637 (OPpLVAL_INTRO|OPpLVAL_DEFER|OPpDEREF|OPpMAYBE_LVSUB)) &&
6638 (i = SvIV(((SVOP*)pop)->op_sv) - PL_curcop->cop_arybase)
6643 if (cSVOPx(pop)->op_private & OPpCONST_STRICT)
6644 no_bareword_allowed(pop);
6645 if (o->op_type == OP_GV)
6646 op_null(o->op_next);
6647 op_null(pop->op_next);
6649 o->op_flags |= pop->op_next->op_flags & OPf_MOD;
6650 o->op_next = pop->op_next->op_next;
6651 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_AELEMFAST];
6652 o->op_private = (U8)i;
6653 if (o->op_type == OP_GV) {
6658 o->op_flags |= OPf_SPECIAL;
6659 o->op_type = OP_AELEMFAST;
6665 if (o->op_next->op_type == OP_RV2SV) {
6666 if (!(o->op_next->op_private & OPpDEREF)) {
6667 op_null(o->op_next);
6668 o->op_private |= o->op_next->op_private & (OPpLVAL_INTRO
6670 o->op_next = o->op_next->op_next;
6671 o->op_type = OP_GVSV;
6672 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_GVSV];
6675 else if ((o->op_private & OPpEARLY_CV) && ckWARN(WARN_PROTOTYPE)) {
6676 GV * const gv = cGVOPo_gv;
6677 if (SvTYPE(gv) == SVt_PVGV && GvCV(gv) && SvPVX_const(GvCV(gv))) {
6678 /* XXX could check prototype here instead of just carping */
6679 SV * const sv = sv_newmortal();
6680 gv_efullname3(sv, gv, Nullch);
6681 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_PROTOTYPE),
6682 "%"SVf"() called too early to check prototype",
6686 else if (o->op_next->op_type == OP_READLINE
6687 && o->op_next->op_next->op_type == OP_CONCAT
6688 && (o->op_next->op_next->op_flags & OPf_STACKED))
6690 /* Turn "$a .= <FH>" into an OP_RCATLINE. AMS 20010917 */
6691 o->op_type = OP_RCATLINE;
6692 o->op_flags |= OPf_STACKED;
6693 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_RCATLINE];
6694 op_null(o->op_next->op_next);
6695 op_null(o->op_next);
6712 while (cLOGOP->op_other->op_type == OP_NULL)
6713 cLOGOP->op_other = cLOGOP->op_other->op_next;
6714 peep(cLOGOP->op_other); /* Recursive calls are not replaced by fptr calls */
6720 while (cLOOP->op_redoop->op_type == OP_NULL)
6721 cLOOP->op_redoop = cLOOP->op_redoop->op_next;
6722 peep(cLOOP->op_redoop);
6723 while (cLOOP->op_nextop->op_type == OP_NULL)
6724 cLOOP->op_nextop = cLOOP->op_nextop->op_next;
6725 peep(cLOOP->op_nextop);
6726 while (cLOOP->op_lastop->op_type == OP_NULL)
6727 cLOOP->op_lastop = cLOOP->op_lastop->op_next;
6728 peep(cLOOP->op_lastop);
6735 while (cPMOP->op_pmreplstart &&
6736 cPMOP->op_pmreplstart->op_type == OP_NULL)
6737 cPMOP->op_pmreplstart = cPMOP->op_pmreplstart->op_next;
6738 peep(cPMOP->op_pmreplstart);
6743 if (o->op_next && o->op_next->op_type == OP_NEXTSTATE
6744 && ckWARN(WARN_SYNTAX))
6746 if (o->op_next->op_sibling &&
6747 o->op_next->op_sibling->op_type != OP_EXIT &&
6748 o->op_next->op_sibling->op_type != OP_WARN &&
6749 o->op_next->op_sibling->op_type != OP_DIE) {
6750 const line_t oldline = CopLINE(PL_curcop);
6752 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, CopLINE((COP*)o->op_next));
6753 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_EXEC),
6754 "Statement unlikely to be reached");
6755 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_EXEC),
6756 "\t(Maybe you meant system() when you said exec()?)\n");
6757 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
6767 const char *key = NULL;
6772 if (((BINOP*)o)->op_last->op_type != OP_CONST)
6775 /* Make the CONST have a shared SV */
6776 svp = cSVOPx_svp(((BINOP*)o)->op_last);
6777 if ((!SvFAKE(sv = *svp) || !SvREADONLY(sv)) && !IS_PADCONST(sv)) {
6778 key = SvPV_const(sv, keylen);
6779 lexname = newSVpvn_share(key,
6780 SvUTF8(sv) ? -(I32)keylen : keylen,
6786 if ((o->op_private & (OPpLVAL_INTRO)))
6789 rop = (UNOP*)((BINOP*)o)->op_first;
6790 if (rop->op_type != OP_RV2HV || rop->op_first->op_type != OP_PADSV)
6792 lexname = *av_fetch(PL_comppad_name, rop->op_first->op_targ, TRUE);
6793 if (!(SvFLAGS(lexname) & SVpad_TYPED))
6795 fields = (GV**)hv_fetch(SvSTASH(lexname), "FIELDS", 6, FALSE);
6796 if (!fields || !GvHV(*fields))
6798 key = SvPV_const(*svp, keylen);
6799 if (!hv_fetch(GvHV(*fields), key,
6800 SvUTF8(*svp) ? -(I32)keylen : keylen, FALSE))
6802 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No such class field \"%s\" "
6803 "in variable %s of type %s",
6804 key, SvPV_nolen_const(lexname), HvNAME_get(SvSTASH(lexname)));
6817 SVOP *first_key_op, *key_op;
6819 if ((o->op_private & (OPpLVAL_INTRO))
6820 /* I bet there's always a pushmark... */
6821 || ((LISTOP*)o)->op_first->op_sibling->op_type != OP_LIST)
6822 /* hmmm, no optimization if list contains only one key. */
6824 rop = (UNOP*)((LISTOP*)o)->op_last;
6825 if (rop->op_type != OP_RV2HV)
6827 if (rop->op_first->op_type == OP_PADSV)
6828 /* @$hash{qw(keys here)} */
6829 rop = (UNOP*)rop->op_first;
6831 /* @{$hash}{qw(keys here)} */
6832 if (rop->op_first->op_type == OP_SCOPE
6833 && cLISTOPx(rop->op_first)->op_last->op_type == OP_PADSV)
6835 rop = (UNOP*)cLISTOPx(rop->op_first)->op_last;
6841 lexname = *av_fetch(PL_comppad_name, rop->op_targ, TRUE);
6842 if (!(SvFLAGS(lexname) & SVpad_TYPED))
6844 fields = (GV**)hv_fetch(SvSTASH(lexname), "FIELDS", 6, FALSE);
6845 if (!fields || !GvHV(*fields))
6847 /* Again guessing that the pushmark can be jumped over.... */
6848 first_key_op = (SVOP*)((LISTOP*)((LISTOP*)o)->op_first->op_sibling)
6849 ->op_first->op_sibling;
6850 for (key_op = first_key_op; key_op;
6851 key_op = (SVOP*)key_op->op_sibling) {
6852 if (key_op->op_type != OP_CONST)
6854 svp = cSVOPx_svp(key_op);
6855 key = SvPV_const(*svp, keylen);
6856 if (!hv_fetch(GvHV(*fields), key,
6857 SvUTF8(*svp) ? -(I32)keylen : keylen, FALSE))
6859 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No such class field \"%s\" "
6860 "in variable %s of type %s",
6861 key, SvPV_nolen(lexname), HvNAME_get(SvSTASH(lexname)));
6868 /* will point to RV2AV or PADAV op on LHS/RHS of assign */
6872 /* check that RHS of sort is a single plain array */
6873 OP *oright = cUNOPo->op_first;
6874 if (!oright || oright->op_type != OP_PUSHMARK)
6877 /* reverse sort ... can be optimised. */
6878 if (!cUNOPo->op_sibling) {
6879 /* Nothing follows us on the list. */
6880 OP * const reverse = o->op_next;
6882 if (reverse->op_type == OP_REVERSE &&
6883 (reverse->op_flags & OPf_WANT) == OPf_WANT_LIST) {
6884 OP * const pushmark = cUNOPx(reverse)->op_first;
6885 if (pushmark && (pushmark->op_type == OP_PUSHMARK)
6886 && (cUNOPx(pushmark)->op_sibling == o)) {
6887 /* reverse -> pushmark -> sort */
6888 o->op_private |= OPpSORT_REVERSE;
6890 pushmark->op_next = oright->op_next;
6896 /* make @a = sort @a act in-place */
6900 oright = cUNOPx(oright)->op_sibling;
6903 if (oright->op_type == OP_NULL) { /* skip sort block/sub */
6904 oright = cUNOPx(oright)->op_sibling;
6908 (oright->op_type != OP_RV2AV && oright->op_type != OP_PADAV)
6909 || oright->op_next != o
6910 || (oright->op_private & OPpLVAL_INTRO)
6914 /* o2 follows the chain of op_nexts through the LHS of the
6915 * assign (if any) to the aassign op itself */
6917 if (!o2 || o2->op_type != OP_NULL)
6920 if (!o2 || o2->op_type != OP_PUSHMARK)
6923 if (o2 && o2->op_type == OP_GV)
6926 || (o2->op_type != OP_PADAV && o2->op_type != OP_RV2AV)
6927 || (o2->op_private & OPpLVAL_INTRO)
6932 if (!o2 || o2->op_type != OP_NULL)
6935 if (!o2 || o2->op_type != OP_AASSIGN
6936 || (o2->op_flags & OPf_WANT) != OPf_WANT_VOID)
6939 /* check that the sort is the first arg on RHS of assign */
6941 o2 = cUNOPx(o2)->op_first;
6942 if (!o2 || o2->op_type != OP_NULL)
6944 o2 = cUNOPx(o2)->op_first;
6945 if (!o2 || o2->op_type != OP_PUSHMARK)
6947 if (o2->op_sibling != o)
6950 /* check the array is the same on both sides */
6951 if (oleft->op_type == OP_RV2AV) {
6952 if (oright->op_type != OP_RV2AV
6953 || !cUNOPx(oright)->op_first
6954 || cUNOPx(oright)->op_first->op_type != OP_GV
6955 || cGVOPx_gv(cUNOPx(oleft)->op_first) !=
6956 cGVOPx_gv(cUNOPx(oright)->op_first)
6960 else if (oright->op_type != OP_PADAV
6961 || oright->op_targ != oleft->op_targ
6965 /* transfer MODishness etc from LHS arg to RHS arg */
6966 oright->op_flags = oleft->op_flags;
6967 o->op_private |= OPpSORT_INPLACE;
6969 /* excise push->gv->rv2av->null->aassign */
6970 o2 = o->op_next->op_next;
6971 op_null(o2); /* PUSHMARK */
6973 if (o2->op_type == OP_GV) {
6974 op_null(o2); /* GV */
6977 op_null(o2); /* RV2AV or PADAV */
6978 o2 = o2->op_next->op_next;
6979 op_null(o2); /* AASSIGN */
6981 o->op_next = o2->op_next;
6987 OP *ourmark, *theirmark, *ourlast, *iter, *expushmark, *rv2av;
6989 LISTOP *enter, *exlist;
6992 enter = (LISTOP *) o->op_next;
6995 if (enter->op_type == OP_NULL) {
6996 enter = (LISTOP *) enter->op_next;
7000 /* for $a (...) will have OP_GV then OP_RV2GV here.
7001 for (...) just has an OP_GV. */
7002 if (enter->op_type == OP_GV) {
7003 gvop = (OP *) enter;
7004 enter = (LISTOP *) enter->op_next;
7007 if (enter->op_type == OP_RV2GV) {
7008 enter = (LISTOP *) enter->op_next;
7014 if (enter->op_type != OP_ENTERITER)
7017 iter = enter->op_next;
7018 if (!iter || iter->op_type != OP_ITER)
7021 expushmark = enter->op_first;
7022 if (!expushmark || expushmark->op_type != OP_NULL
7023 || expushmark->op_targ != OP_PUSHMARK)
7026 exlist = (LISTOP *) expushmark->op_sibling;
7027 if (!exlist || exlist->op_type != OP_NULL
7028 || exlist->op_targ != OP_LIST)
7031 if (exlist->op_last != o) {
7032 /* Mmm. Was expecting to point back to this op. */
7035 theirmark = exlist->op_first;
7036 if (!theirmark || theirmark->op_type != OP_PUSHMARK)
7039 if (theirmark->op_sibling != o) {
7040 /* There's something between the mark and the reverse, eg
7041 for (1, reverse (...))
7046 ourmark = ((LISTOP *)o)->op_first;
7047 if (!ourmark || ourmark->op_type != OP_PUSHMARK)
7050 ourlast = ((LISTOP *)o)->op_last;
7051 if (!ourlast || ourlast->op_next != o)
7054 rv2av = ourmark->op_sibling;
7055 if (rv2av && rv2av->op_type == OP_RV2AV && rv2av->op_sibling == 0
7056 && rv2av->op_flags == (OPf_WANT_LIST | OPf_KIDS)
7057 && enter->op_flags == (OPf_WANT_LIST | OPf_KIDS)) {
7058 /* We're just reversing a single array. */
7059 rv2av->op_flags = OPf_WANT_SCALAR | OPf_KIDS | OPf_REF;
7060 enter->op_flags |= OPf_STACKED;
7063 /* We don't have control over who points to theirmark, so sacrifice
7065 theirmark->op_next = ourmark->op_next;
7066 theirmark->op_flags = ourmark->op_flags;
7067 ourlast->op_next = gvop ? gvop : (OP *) enter;
7070 enter->op_private |= OPpITER_REVERSED;
7071 iter->op_private |= OPpITER_REVERSED;
7086 Perl_custom_op_name(pTHX_ const OP* o)
7088 const IV index = PTR2IV(o->op_ppaddr);
7092 if (!PL_custom_op_names) /* This probably shouldn't happen */
7093 return (char *)PL_op_name[OP_CUSTOM];
7095 keysv = sv_2mortal(newSViv(index));
7097 he = hv_fetch_ent(PL_custom_op_names, keysv, 0, 0);
7099 return (char *)PL_op_name[OP_CUSTOM]; /* Don't know who you are */
7101 return SvPV_nolen(HeVAL(he));
7105 Perl_custom_op_desc(pTHX_ const OP* o)
7107 const IV index = PTR2IV(o->op_ppaddr);
7111 if (!PL_custom_op_descs)
7112 return (char *)PL_op_desc[OP_CUSTOM];
7114 keysv = sv_2mortal(newSViv(index));
7116 he = hv_fetch_ent(PL_custom_op_descs, keysv, 0, 0);
7118 return (char *)PL_op_desc[OP_CUSTOM];
7120 return SvPV_nolen(HeVAL(he));
7125 /* Efficient sub that returns a constant scalar value. */
7127 const_sv_xsub(pTHX_ CV* cv)
7132 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "usage: %s::%s()",
7133 HvNAME_get(GvSTASH(CvGV(cv))), GvNAME(CvGV(cv)));
7137 ST(0) = (SV*)XSANY.any_ptr;
7143 * c-indentation-style: bsd
7145 * indent-tabs-mode: t
7148 * ex: set ts=8 sts=4 sw=4 noet: