3 * Copyright (c) 1991-2002, 2003, 2004 Larry Wall
5 * You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
6 * License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
11 * 'I see,' laughed Strider. 'I look foul and feel fair. Is that it?
12 * All that is gold does not glitter, not all those who wander are lost.'
15 /* Make the parser re-entrant. */
17 /* FIXME for MAD - is the new mintro on while and until important? */
30 %token <tkval> '{' '}' '[' ']' '-' '+' '$' '@' '%' '*'
32 %token <opval> WORD METHOD FUNCMETH THING PMFUNC PRIVATEREF
33 %token <opval> FUNC0SUB UNIOPSUB LSTOPSUB
35 %token <tkval> FORMAT SUB ANONSUB PACKAGE USE
36 %token <tkval> WHILE UNTIL IF UNLESS ELSE ELSIF CONTINUE FOR
37 %token <tkval> GIVEN WHEN DEFAULT
38 %token <tkval> LOOPEX DOTDOT
39 %token <tkval> FUNC0 FUNC1 FUNC UNIOP LSTOP
40 %token <tkval> RELOP EQOP MULOP ADDOP
41 %token <tkval> DOLSHARP DO HASHBRACK NOAMP
42 %token <tkval> LOCAL MY MYSUB REQUIRE
43 %token <tkval> COLONATTR
45 %type <ival> prog progstart remember mremember savescope
46 %type <ival> startsub startanonsub startformsub
47 /* FIXME for MAD - are these two ival? */
48 %type <ival> mydefsv mintro
52 %type <opval> decl format subrout mysubrout package use peg
54 %type <opval> block mblock lineseq line loop cond else
55 %type <opval> expr term subscripted scalar ary hsh arylen star amper sideff
56 %type <opval> argexpr nexpr texpr iexpr mexpr mnexpr miexpr
57 %type <opval> listexpr listexprcom indirob listop method
58 %type <opval> formname subname proto subbody cont my_scalar
59 %type <opval> subattrlist myattrlist myattrterm myterm
60 %type <opval> termbinop termunop anonymous termdo
61 %type <opval> switch case
64 %nonassoc <tkval> PREC_LOW
67 %left <tkval> OROP DOROP
70 %nonassoc LSTOP LSTOPSUB
72 %right <tkval> ASSIGNOP
73 %right <tkval> '?' ':'
75 %left <tkval> OROR DORDOR
78 %left <tkval> BITANDOP
81 %nonassoc UNIOP UNIOPSUB
87 %right <tkval> '!' '~' UMINUS REFGEN
89 %nonassoc <tkval> PREINC PREDEC POSTINC POSTDEC
99 /* The whole program */
101 /*CONTINUED*/ lineseq
102 { $$ = $1; newPROG(block_end($1,$2)); }
105 /* An ordinary block */
106 block : '{' remember lineseq '}'
107 { if (PL_copline > (line_t)($1)->tk_lval.ival)
108 PL_copline = (line_t)($1)->tk_lval.ival;
109 $$ = block_end($2, $3);
110 token_getmad($1,$$,'{');
111 token_getmad($4,$$,'}');
115 remember: /* NULL */ /* start a full lexical scope */
116 { $$ = block_start(TRUE); }
119 mydefsv: /* NULL */ /* lexicalize $_ */
120 { $$ = (I32) allocmy("$_"); }
125 PL_expect = XSTATE; $$ = block_start(TRUE);
130 mblock : '{' mremember lineseq '}'
131 { if (PL_copline > (line_t)($1)->tk_lval.ival)
132 PL_copline = (line_t)($1)->tk_lval.ival;
133 $$ = block_end($2, $3);
134 token_getmad($1,$$,'{');
135 token_getmad($4,$$,'}');
139 mremember: /* NULL */ /* start a partial lexical scope */
140 { $$ = block_start(FALSE); }
143 savescope: /* NULL */ /* remember stack pos in case of error */
144 { $$ = PL_savestack_ix; }
146 /* A collection of "lines" in the program */
151 { $$ = append_list(OP_LINESEQ,
152 (LISTOP*)$1, (LISTOP*)$2); }
153 | lineseq savescope line
155 $$ = append_list(OP_LINESEQ,
156 (LISTOP*)$1, (LISTOP*)$3);
157 PL_pad_reset_pending = TRUE;
158 if ($1 && $3) PL_hints |= HINT_BLOCK_SCOPE; }
161 /* A "line" in the program */
163 { $$ = newSTATEOP(0, ($1)->tk_lval.pval, $2);
164 token_getmad($1,((LISTOP*)$$)->op_first,'L'); }
165 | loop /* loops add their own labels */
166 | switch /* ... and so do switches */
169 { $$ = newSTATEOP(0, ($1)->tk_lval.pval, $2); }
172 if (($1)->tk_lval.pval) {
173 $$ = newSTATEOP(0, ($1)->tk_lval.pval, newOP(OP_NULL, 0));
174 token_getmad($1,$$,'L');
175 token_getmad($2,((LISTOP*)$$)->op_first,';');
178 $$ = newOP(OP_NULL, 0);
181 token_getmad($2,$$,';');
187 $$ = newSTATEOP(0, ($1)->tk_lval.pval, $2);
189 /* sideff might already have a nexstate */
190 op = ((LISTOP*)$$)->op_first;
192 while (op->op_sibling &&
193 op->op_sibling->op_type == OP_NEXTSTATE)
195 token_getmad($1,op,'L');
196 token_getmad($3,op,';');
201 /* An expression which may have a side-effect */
207 { $$ = newLOGOP(OP_AND, 0, $3, $1);
208 token_getmad($2,$$,'i');
211 { $$ = newLOGOP(OP_OR, 0, $3, $1);
212 token_getmad($2,$$,'i');
215 { $$ = newLOOPOP(OPf_PARENS, 1, scalar($3), $1);
216 token_getmad($2,$$,'w');
219 { $$ = newLOOPOP(OPf_PARENS, 1, $3, $1);
220 token_getmad($2,$$,'w');
223 { $$ = newFOROP(0, Nullch, (line_t)($2)->tk_lval.ival,
224 Nullop, $3, $1, Nullop);
225 token_getmad($2,((LISTOP*)$$)->op_first->op_sibling,'w');
229 /* else and elsif blocks */
233 { ($2)->op_flags |= OPf_PARENS; $$ = scope($2);
234 token_getmad($1,$$,'o');
236 | ELSIF '(' mexpr ')' mblock else
237 { PL_copline = (line_t)($1)->tk_lval.ival;
238 $$ = newCONDOP(0, $3, scope($5), $6);
239 PL_hints |= HINT_BLOCK_SCOPE;
240 token_getmad($1,$$,'I');
241 token_getmad($2,$$,'(');
242 token_getmad($4,$$,')');
246 /* Real conditional expressions */
247 cond : IF '(' remember mexpr ')' mblock else
248 { PL_copline = (line_t)($1)->tk_lval.ival;
250 newCONDOP(0, $4, scope($6), $7));
251 token_getmad($1,$$,'I');
252 token_getmad($2,$$,'(');
253 token_getmad($5,$$,')');
255 | UNLESS '(' remember miexpr ')' mblock else
256 { PL_copline = (line_t)($1)->tk_lval.ival;
258 newCONDOP(0, $4, scope($6), $7));
259 token_getmad($1,$$,'I');
260 token_getmad($2,$$,'(');
261 token_getmad($5,$$,')');
265 /* Cases for a switch statement */
266 case : WHEN '(' remember mexpr ')' mblock
268 newWHENOP($4, scope($6))); }
270 { $$ = newWHENOP(0, scope($2)); }
273 /* Continue blocks */
278 token_getmad($1,$$,'o');
282 /* Loops: while, until, for, and a bare block */
283 loop : label WHILE '(' remember texpr ')' mintro mblock cont
285 PL_copline = (line_t)$2;
287 newSTATEOP(0, ($1)->tk_lval.pval,
288 innerop = newWHILEOP(0, 1, (LOOP*)Nullop,
289 ($2)->tk_lval.ival, $5, $8, $9, $7)));
290 token_getmad($1,innerop,'L');
291 token_getmad($2,innerop,'W');
292 token_getmad($3,innerop,'(');
293 token_getmad($6,innerop,')');
296 | label UNTIL '(' remember iexpr ')' mintro mblock cont
298 PL_copline = (line_t)$2;
300 newSTATEOP(0, ($1)->tk_lval.pval,
301 newWHILEOP(0, 1, (LOOP*)Nullop,
302 ($2)->tk_lval.ival, $5, $8, $9, $7)));
303 token_getmad($1,innerop,'L');
304 token_getmad($2,innerop,'W');
305 token_getmad($3,innerop,'(');
306 token_getmad($6,innerop,')');
308 | label FOR MY remember my_scalar '(' mexpr ')' mblock cont
311 innerop = newFOROP(0, ($1)->tk_lval.pval, (line_t)($2)->tk_lval.ival, $5, $7, $9, $10));
312 token_getmad($1,((LISTOP*)innerop)->op_first,'L');
313 token_getmad($2,((LISTOP*)innerop)->op_first->op_sibling,'W');
314 token_getmad($3,((LISTOP*)innerop)->op_first->op_sibling,'d');
315 token_getmad($6,((LISTOP*)innerop)->op_first->op_sibling,'(');
316 token_getmad($8,((LISTOP*)innerop)->op_first->op_sibling,')');
318 | label FOR scalar '(' remember mexpr ')' mblock cont
321 innerop = newFOROP(0, ($1)->tk_lval.pval, (line_t)($2)->tk_lval.ival, mod($3, OP_ENTERLOOP),
323 token_getmad($1,((LISTOP*)innerop)->op_first,'L');
324 token_getmad($2,((LISTOP*)innerop)->op_first->op_sibling,'W');
325 token_getmad($4,((LISTOP*)innerop)->op_first->op_sibling,'(');
326 token_getmad($7,((LISTOP*)innerop)->op_first->op_sibling,')');
328 | label FOR '(' remember mexpr ')' mblock cont
331 innerop = newFOROP(0, ($1)->tk_lval.pval, (line_t)($2)->tk_lval.ival, Nullop, $5, $7, $8));
332 token_getmad($1,((LISTOP*)innerop)->op_first,'L');
333 token_getmad($2,((LISTOP*)innerop)->op_first->op_sibling,'W');
334 token_getmad($3,((LISTOP*)innerop)->op_first->op_sibling,'(');
335 token_getmad($6,((LISTOP*)innerop)->op_first->op_sibling,')');
337 | label FOR '(' remember mnexpr ';' texpr ';' mintro mnexpr ')'
339 /* basically fake up an initialize-while lineseq */
341 PL_copline = (line_t)($2)->tk_lval.ival;
342 forop = newSTATEOP(0, ($1)->tk_lval.pval,
343 newWHILEOP(0, 1, (LOOP*)Nullop,
344 ($2)->tk_lval.ival, scalar($7),
347 $5 = newOP(OP_NULL, 0);
348 forop = newUNOP(OP_NULL, 0, append_elem(OP_LINESEQ,
351 ?savepv(($1)->tk_lval.pval):Nullch),
355 token_getmad($2,forop,'3');
356 token_getmad($3,forop,'(');
357 token_getmad($6,forop,'1');
358 token_getmad($8,forop,'2');
359 token_getmad($11,forop,')');
360 token_getmad($1,forop,'L');
361 $$ = block_end($4, forop); }
362 | label block cont /* a block is a loop that happens once */
363 { $$ = newSTATEOP(0, ($1)->tk_lval.pval,
364 newWHILEOP(0, 1, (LOOP*)Nullop,
365 NOLINE, Nullop, $2, $3, 0));
366 token_getmad($1,((LISTOP*)$$)->op_first,'L'); }
370 switch : label GIVEN '(' remember mydefsv mexpr ')' mblock
371 { PL_copline = (line_t) $2;
373 newSTATEOP(0, ($1)->tk_lval.pval,
374 newGIVENOP($6, scope($8),
375 (PADOFFSET) $5) )); }
378 /* determine whether there are any new my declarations */
380 { $$ = (PL_min_intro_pending &&
381 PL_max_intro_pending >= PL_min_intro_pending);
384 /* Normal expression */
390 /* Boolean expression */
391 texpr : /* NULL means true */
393 (void)scan_num("1", &tmplval);
394 $$ = tmplval.opval; }
398 /* Inverted boolean expression */
400 { $$ = invert(scalar($1)); }
403 /* Expression with its own lexical scope */
405 { $$ = $1; intro_my(); }
409 { $$ = $1; intro_my(); }
413 { $$ = $1; intro_my(); }
416 /* Optional "MAIN:"-style loop labels */
419 tmplval.pval = Nullch;
420 $$ = newTOKEN(OP_NULL, tmplval, 0); }
424 /* Some kind of declaration - just hang on peg in the parse tree */
440 { $$ = newOP(OP_NULL,0);
441 token_getmad($1,$$,'p');
445 format : FORMAT startformsub formname block
446 { SvREFCNT_inc(PL_compcv);
447 $$ = newFORM($2, $3, $4);
448 prepend_madprops($1->tk_mad, $$, 'F');
454 formname: WORD { $$ = $1; }
455 | /* NULL */ { $$ = Nullop; }
458 /* Unimplemented "my sub foo { }" */
459 mysubrout: MYSUB startsub subname proto subattrlist subbody
460 { SvREFCNT_inc(PL_compcv);
461 $$ = newMYSUB($2, $3, $4, $5, $6);
462 token_getmad($1,$$,'d');
466 /* Subroutine definition */
467 subrout : SUB startsub subname proto subattrlist subbody
468 { SvREFCNT_inc(PL_compcv);
469 OP* o = newSVOP(OP_ANONCODE, 0,
470 (SV*)newATTRSUB($2, $3, $4, $5, $6));
471 $$ = newOP(OP_NULL,0);
473 op_getmad($3,$$,'n');
474 op_getmad($4,$$,'s');
475 op_getmad($5,$$,'a');
476 token_getmad($1,$$,'d');
477 append_madprops($6->op_madprop, $$, 0);
482 startsub: /* NULL */ /* start a regular subroutine scope */
483 { $$ = start_subparse(FALSE, 0);
484 SAVEFREESV(PL_compcv); }
488 startanonsub: /* NULL */ /* start an anonymous subroutine scope */
489 { $$ = start_subparse(FALSE, CVf_ANON);
490 SAVEFREESV(PL_compcv); }
493 startformsub: /* NULL */ /* start a format subroutine scope */
494 { $$ = start_subparse(TRUE, 0);
495 SAVEFREESV(PL_compcv); }
498 /* Name of a subroutine - must be a bareword, could be special */
499 subname : WORD { const char *const name = SvPV_nolen_const(((SVOP*)$1)->op_sv);
500 if (strEQ(name, "BEGIN") || strEQ(name, "END")
501 || strEQ(name, "INIT") || strEQ(name, "CHECK")
502 || strEQ(name, "UNITCHECK"))
503 CvSPECIAL_on(PL_compcv);
507 /* Subroutine prototype */
513 /* Optional list of subroutine attributes */
514 subattrlist: /* NULL */
518 token_getmad($1,$$,':');
521 { $$ = newOP(OP_NULL, 0);
522 token_getmad($1,$$,':');
526 /* List of attributes for a "my" variable declaration */
527 myattrlist: COLONATTR THING
529 token_getmad($1,$$,':');
532 { $$ = newOP(OP_NULL, 0);
533 token_getmad($1,$$,':');
537 /* Subroutine body - either null or a block */
538 subbody : block { $$ = $1; }
539 | ';' { $$ = newOP(OP_NULL,0); PL_expect = XSTATE;
540 token_getmad($1,$$,';');
544 package : PACKAGE WORD ';'
546 token_getmad($1,$$,'o');
547 token_getmad($3,$$,';');
552 { CvSPECIAL_on(PL_compcv); /* It's a BEGIN {} */ }
553 WORD WORD listexpr ';'
554 { SvREFCNT_inc(PL_compcv);
555 $$ = utilize(($1)->tk_lval.ival, $2, $4, $5, $6);
556 token_getmad($1,$$,'o');
557 token_getmad($7,$$,';');
558 if (PL_rsfp_filters && AvFILLp(PL_rsfp_filters) >= 0)
559 append_madprops(newMADPROP('!', MAD_PV, "", 0), $$, 0);
563 /* Ordinary expressions; logical combinations */
564 expr : expr ANDOP expr
565 { $$ = newLOGOP(OP_AND, 0, $1, $3);
566 token_getmad($2,$$,'o');
569 { $$ = newLOGOP(($2)->tk_lval.ival, 0, $1, $3);
570 token_getmad($2,$$,'o');
573 { $$ = newLOGOP(OP_DOR, 0, $1, $3);
574 token_getmad($2,$$,'o');
576 | argexpr %prec PREC_LOW
579 /* Expressions are a list of terms joined by commas */
580 argexpr : argexpr ','
581 { OP* op = newNULLLIST();
582 token_getmad($2,op,',');
583 $$ = append_elem(OP_LIST, $1, op);
587 $3 = newUNOP(OP_NULL, 0, $3);
588 token_getmad($2,$3,',');
589 $$ = append_elem(OP_LIST, $1, $3);
591 | term %prec PREC_LOW
595 listop : LSTOP indirob argexpr /* print $fh @args */
596 { $$ = convert(($1)->tk_lval.ival, OPf_STACKED,
597 prepend_elem(OP_LIST, newGVREF(($1)->tk_lval.ival,$2), $3) );
598 token_getmad($1,$$,'o');
600 | FUNC '(' indirob expr ')' /* print ($fh @args */
601 { $$ = convert(($1)->tk_lval.ival, OPf_STACKED,
602 prepend_elem(OP_LIST, newGVREF(($1)->tk_lval.ival,$3), $4) );
603 token_getmad($1,$$,'o');
604 token_getmad($2,$$,'(');
605 token_getmad($5,$$,')');
607 | term ARROW method '(' listexprcom ')' /* $foo->bar(list) */
608 { $$ = convert(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_STACKED,
610 prepend_elem(OP_LIST, scalar($1), $5),
611 newUNOP(OP_METHOD, 0, $3)));
612 token_getmad($2,$$,'A');
613 token_getmad($4,$$,'(');
614 token_getmad($6,$$,')');
616 | term ARROW method /* $foo->bar */
617 { $$ = convert(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_STACKED,
618 append_elem(OP_LIST, scalar($1),
619 newUNOP(OP_METHOD, 0, $3)));
620 token_getmad($2,$$,'A');
622 | METHOD indirob listexpr /* new Class @args */
623 { $$ = convert(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_STACKED,
625 prepend_elem(OP_LIST, $2, $3),
626 newUNOP(OP_METHOD, 0, $1)));
628 | FUNCMETH indirob '(' listexprcom ')' /* method $object (@args) */
629 { $$ = convert(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_STACKED,
631 prepend_elem(OP_LIST, $2, $4),
632 newUNOP(OP_METHOD, 0, $1)));
633 token_getmad($3,$$,'(');
634 token_getmad($5,$$,')');
636 | LSTOP listexpr /* print @args */
637 { $$ = convert(($1)->tk_lval.ival, 0, $2);
638 token_getmad($1,$$,'o');
640 | FUNC '(' listexprcom ')' /* print (@args) */
641 { $$ = convert(($1)->tk_lval.ival, 0, $3);
642 token_getmad($1,$$,'o');
643 token_getmad($2,$$,'(');
644 token_getmad($4,$$,')');
646 | LSTOPSUB startanonsub block /* map { foo } ... */
647 { SvREFCNT_inc(PL_compcv);
648 $3 = newANONATTRSUB($2, 0, Nullop, $3); }
649 listexpr %prec LSTOP /* ... @bar */
650 { $$ = newUNOP(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_STACKED,
652 prepend_elem(OP_LIST, $3, $5), $1));
656 /* Names of methods. May use $object->$methodname */
661 /* Some kind of subscripted expression */
662 subscripted: star '{' expr ';' '}' /* *main::{something} */
663 /* In this and all the hash accessors, ';' is
664 * provided by the tokeniser */
665 { $$ = newBINOP(OP_GELEM, 0, $1, scalar($3));
666 PL_expect = XOPERATOR;
667 token_getmad($2,$$,'{');
668 token_getmad($4,$$,';');
669 token_getmad($5,$$,'}');
671 | scalar '[' expr ']' /* $array[$element] */
672 { $$ = newBINOP(OP_AELEM, 0, oopsAV($1), scalar($3));
673 token_getmad($2,$$,'[');
674 token_getmad($4,$$,']');
676 | term ARROW '[' expr ']' /* somearef->[$element] */
677 { $$ = newBINOP(OP_AELEM, 0,
678 ref(newAVREF($1),OP_RV2AV),
680 token_getmad($2,$$,'a');
681 token_getmad($3,$$,'[');
682 token_getmad($5,$$,']');
684 | subscripted '[' expr ']' /* $foo->[$bar]->[$baz] */
685 { $$ = newBINOP(OP_AELEM, 0,
686 ref(newAVREF($1),OP_RV2AV),
688 token_getmad($2,$$,'[');
689 token_getmad($4,$$,']');
691 | scalar '{' expr ';' '}' /* $foo->{bar();} */
692 { $$ = newBINOP(OP_HELEM, 0, oopsHV($1), jmaybe($3));
693 PL_expect = XOPERATOR;
694 token_getmad($2,$$,'{');
695 token_getmad($4,$$,';');
696 token_getmad($5,$$,'}');
698 | term ARROW '{' expr ';' '}' /* somehref->{bar();} */
699 { $$ = newBINOP(OP_HELEM, 0,
700 ref(newHVREF($1),OP_RV2HV),
702 PL_expect = XOPERATOR;
703 token_getmad($2,$$,'a');
704 token_getmad($3,$$,'{');
705 token_getmad($5,$$,';');
706 token_getmad($6,$$,'}');
708 | subscripted '{' expr ';' '}' /* $foo->[bar]->{baz;} */
709 { $$ = newBINOP(OP_HELEM, 0,
710 ref(newHVREF($1),OP_RV2HV),
712 PL_expect = XOPERATOR;
713 token_getmad($2,$$,'{');
714 token_getmad($4,$$,';');
715 token_getmad($5,$$,'}');
717 | term ARROW '(' ')' /* $subref->() */
718 { $$ = newUNOP(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_STACKED,
719 newCVREF(0, scalar($1)));
720 token_getmad($2,$$,'a');
721 token_getmad($3,$$,'(');
722 token_getmad($4,$$,')');
724 | term ARROW '(' expr ')' /* $subref->(@args) */
725 { $$ = newUNOP(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_STACKED,
726 append_elem(OP_LIST, $4,
727 newCVREF(0, scalar($1))));
728 token_getmad($2,$$,'a');
729 token_getmad($3,$$,'(');
730 token_getmad($5,$$,')');
733 | subscripted '(' expr ')' /* $foo->{bar}->(@args) */
734 { $$ = newUNOP(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_STACKED,
735 append_elem(OP_LIST, $3,
736 newCVREF(0, scalar($1))));
737 token_getmad($2,$$,'(');
738 token_getmad($4,$$,')');
740 | subscripted '(' ')' /* $foo->{bar}->() */
741 { $$ = newUNOP(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_STACKED,
742 newCVREF(0, scalar($1)));
743 token_getmad($2,$$,'(');
744 token_getmad($3,$$,')');
746 | '(' expr ')' '[' expr ']' /* list slice */
747 { $$ = newSLICEOP(0, $5, $2);
748 token_getmad($1,$$,'(');
749 token_getmad($3,$$,')');
750 token_getmad($4,$$,'[');
751 token_getmad($6,$$,']');
753 | '(' ')' '[' expr ']' /* empty list slice! */
754 { $$ = newSLICEOP(0, $4, Nullop);
755 token_getmad($1,$$,'(');
756 token_getmad($2,$$,')');
757 token_getmad($3,$$,'[');
758 token_getmad($5,$$,']');
762 /* Binary operators between terms */
763 termbinop: term ASSIGNOP term /* $x = $y */
764 { $$ = newASSIGNOP(OPf_STACKED, $1, ($2)->tk_lval.ival, $3);
765 token_getmad($2,$$,'o');
767 | term POWOP term /* $x ** $y */
768 { $$ = newBINOP(($2)->tk_lval.ival, 0, scalar($1), scalar($3));
769 token_getmad($2,$$,'o');
771 | term MULOP term /* $x * $y, $x x $y */
772 { if (($2)->tk_lval.ival != OP_REPEAT)
774 $$ = newBINOP(($2)->tk_lval.ival, 0, $1, scalar($3));
775 token_getmad($2,$$,'o');
777 | term ADDOP term /* $x + $y */
778 { $$ = newBINOP(($2)->tk_lval.ival, 0, scalar($1), scalar($3));
779 token_getmad($2,$$,'o');
781 | term SHIFTOP term /* $x >> $y, $x << $y */
782 { $$ = newBINOP(($2)->tk_lval.ival, 0, scalar($1), scalar($3));
783 token_getmad($2,$$,'o');
785 | term RELOP term /* $x > $y, etc. */
786 { $$ = newBINOP(($2)->tk_lval.ival, 0, scalar($1), scalar($3));
787 token_getmad($2,$$,'o');
789 | term EQOP term /* $x == $y, $x eq $y */
790 { $$ = newBINOP(($2)->tk_lval.ival, 0, scalar($1), scalar($3));
791 token_getmad($2,$$,'o');
793 | term BITANDOP term /* $x & $y */
794 { $$ = newBINOP(($2)->tk_lval.ival, 0, scalar($1), scalar($3));
795 token_getmad($2,$$,'o');
797 | term BITOROP term /* $x | $y */
798 { $$ = newBINOP(($2)->tk_lval.ival, 0, scalar($1), scalar($3));
799 token_getmad($2,$$,'o');
801 | term DOTDOT term /* $x..$y, $x...$y */
803 $$ = newRANGE(($2)->tk_lval.ival, scalar($1), scalar($3));
805 op = (UNOP*)op->op_first; /* get to flop */
806 op = (UNOP*)op->op_first; /* get to flip */
807 op = (UNOP*)op->op_first; /* get to range */
808 token_getmad($2,(OP*)op,'o');
810 | term ANDAND term /* $x && $y */
811 { $$ = newLOGOP(OP_AND, 0, $1, $3);
812 token_getmad($2,$$,'o');
814 | term OROR term /* $x || $y */
815 { $$ = newLOGOP(OP_OR, 0, $1, $3);
816 token_getmad($2,$$,'o');
818 | term DORDOR term /* $x // $y */
819 { $$ = newLOGOP(OP_DOR, 0, $1, $3);
820 token_getmad($2,$$,'o');
822 | term MATCHOP term /* $x =~ /$y/ */
823 { $$ = bind_match(($2)->tk_lval.ival, $1, $3);
824 if ($$->op_type == OP_NOT)
825 token_getmad($2,((UNOP*)$$)->op_first,'~');
827 token_getmad($2,$$,'~');
831 /* Unary operators and terms */
832 termunop : '-' term %prec UMINUS /* -$x */
833 { $$ = newUNOP(OP_NEGATE, 0, scalar($2));
834 token_getmad($1,$$,'o');
836 | '+' term %prec UMINUS /* +$x */
837 { $$ = newUNOP(OP_NULL, 0, $2);
838 token_getmad($1,$$,'+');
841 { $$ = newUNOP(OP_NOT, 0, scalar($2));
842 token_getmad($1,$$,'o');
845 { $$ = newUNOP(OP_COMPLEMENT, 0, scalar($2));
846 token_getmad($1,$$,'o');
848 | term POSTINC /* $x++ */
849 { $$ = newUNOP(OP_POSTINC, 0,
850 mod(scalar($1), OP_POSTINC));
851 token_getmad($2,$$,'o');
853 | term POSTDEC /* $x-- */
854 { $$ = newUNOP(OP_POSTDEC, 0,
855 mod(scalar($1), OP_POSTDEC));
856 token_getmad($2,$$,'o');
858 | PREINC term /* ++$x */
859 { $$ = newUNOP(OP_PREINC, 0,
860 mod(scalar($2), OP_PREINC));
861 token_getmad($1,$$,'o');
863 | PREDEC term /* --$x */
864 { $$ = newUNOP(OP_PREDEC, 0,
865 mod(scalar($2), OP_PREDEC));
866 token_getmad($1,$$,'o');
871 /* Constructors for anonymous data */
872 anonymous: '[' expr ']'
873 { $$ = newANONLIST($2);
874 token_getmad($1,$$,'[');
875 token_getmad($3,$$,']');
878 { $$ = newANONLIST(Nullop);
879 token_getmad($1,$$,'[');
880 token_getmad($2,$$,']');
882 | HASHBRACK expr ';' '}' %prec '(' /* { foo => "Bar" } */
883 { $$ = newANONHASH($2);
884 token_getmad($1,$$,'{');
885 token_getmad($3,$$,';');
886 token_getmad($4,$$,'}');
888 | HASHBRACK ';' '}' %prec '(' /* { } (';' by tokener) */
889 { $$ = newANONHASH(Nullop);
890 token_getmad($1,$$,'{');
891 token_getmad($2,$$,';');
892 token_getmad($3,$$,'}');
894 | ANONSUB startanonsub proto subattrlist block %prec '('
895 { SvREFCNT_inc(PL_compcv);
896 $$ = newANONATTRSUB($2, $3, $4, $5);
897 token_getmad($1,$$,'o');
898 op_getmad($3,$$,'s');
899 op_getmad($4,$$,'a');
904 /* Things called with "do" */
905 termdo : DO term %prec UNIOP /* do $filename */
906 { $$ = dofile($2, $1);
907 token_getmad($1,$$,'o');
909 | DO block %prec '(' /* do { code */
910 { $$ = newUNOP(OP_NULL, OPf_SPECIAL, scope($2));
911 token_getmad($1,$$,'D');
913 | DO WORD '(' ')' /* do somesub() */
914 { $$ = newUNOP(OP_ENTERSUB,
915 OPf_SPECIAL|OPf_STACKED,
916 prepend_elem(OP_LIST,
918 (OPpENTERSUB_AMPER<<8),
921 token_getmad($1,$$,'o');
922 token_getmad($3,$$,'(');
923 token_getmad($4,$$,')');
925 | DO WORD '(' expr ')' /* do somesub(@args) */
926 { $$ = newUNOP(OP_ENTERSUB,
927 OPf_SPECIAL|OPf_STACKED,
931 (OPpENTERSUB_AMPER<<8),
934 token_getmad($1,$$,'o');
935 token_getmad($3,$$,'(');
936 token_getmad($5,$$,')');
938 | DO scalar '(' ')' /* do $subref () */
939 { $$ = newUNOP(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_SPECIAL|OPf_STACKED,
940 prepend_elem(OP_LIST,
941 scalar(newCVREF(0,scalar($2))), Nullop)); dep();
942 token_getmad($1,$$,'o');
943 token_getmad($3,$$,'(');
944 token_getmad($4,$$,')');
946 | DO scalar '(' expr ')' /* do $subref (@args) */
947 { $$ = newUNOP(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_SPECIAL|OPf_STACKED,
948 prepend_elem(OP_LIST,
950 scalar(newCVREF(0,scalar($2))))); dep();
951 token_getmad($1,$$,'o');
952 token_getmad($3,$$,'(');
953 token_getmad($5,$$,')');
962 | term '?' term ':' term
963 { $$ = newCONDOP(0, $1, $3, $5);
964 token_getmad($2,$$,'?');
965 token_getmad($4,$$,':');
967 | REFGEN term /* \$x, \@y, \%z */
968 { $$ = newUNOP(OP_REFGEN, 0, mod($2,OP_REFGEN));
969 token_getmad($1,$$,'o');
971 | myattrterm %prec UNIOP
973 | LOCAL term %prec UNIOP
974 { $$ = localize($2,($1)->tk_lval.ival);
975 token_getmad($1,$$,'d');
978 { $$ = sawparens(newUNOP(OP_NULL,0,$2));
979 token_getmad($1,$$,'(');
980 token_getmad($3,$$,')');
983 { $$ = sawparens(newNULLLIST());
984 token_getmad($1,$$,'(');
985 token_getmad($2,$$,')');
995 | arylen %prec '(' /* $#x, $#{ something } */
996 { $$ = newUNOP(OP_AV2ARYLEN, 0, ref($1, OP_AV2ARYLEN));}
999 | ary '[' expr ']' /* array slice */
1000 { $$ = prepend_elem(OP_ASLICE,
1001 newOP(OP_PUSHMARK, 0),
1002 newLISTOP(OP_ASLICE, 0,
1004 ref($1, OP_ASLICE)));
1005 token_getmad($2,$$,'[');
1006 token_getmad($4,$$,']');
1008 | ary '{' expr ';' '}' /* @hash{@keys} */
1009 { $$ = prepend_elem(OP_HSLICE,
1010 newOP(OP_PUSHMARK, 0),
1011 newLISTOP(OP_HSLICE, 0,
1013 ref(oopsHV($1), OP_HSLICE)));
1014 PL_expect = XOPERATOR;
1015 token_getmad($2,$$,'{');
1016 token_getmad($4,$$,';');
1017 token_getmad($5,$$,'}');
1022 { $$ = newUNOP(OP_ENTERSUB, 0, scalar($1)); }
1023 | amper '(' ')' /* &foo() */
1024 { $$ = newUNOP(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_STACKED, scalar($1));
1025 token_getmad($2,$$,'(');
1026 token_getmad($3,$$,')');
1028 | amper '(' expr ')' /* &foo(@args) */
1030 $$ = newUNOP(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_STACKED,
1031 append_elem(OP_LIST, $3, scalar($1)));
1033 if (op->op_type == OP_CONST) { /* defeat const fold */
1034 op = (OP*)op->op_madprop->mad_val;
1036 token_getmad($2,op,'(');
1037 token_getmad($4,op,')');
1039 | NOAMP WORD listexpr /* foo(@args) */
1040 { $$ = newUNOP(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_STACKED,
1041 append_elem(OP_LIST, $3, scalar($2)));
1042 token_getmad($1,$$,'o');
1044 | LOOPEX /* loop exiting command (goto, last, dump, etc) */
1045 { $$ = newOP(($1)->tk_lval.ival, OPf_SPECIAL);
1046 PL_hints |= HINT_BLOCK_SCOPE;
1047 token_getmad($1,$$,'o');
1050 { $$ = newLOOPEX(($1)->tk_lval.ival,$2);
1051 token_getmad($1,$$,'o');
1053 | NOTOP argexpr /* not $foo */
1054 { $$ = newUNOP(OP_NOT, 0, scalar($2));
1055 token_getmad($1,$$,'o');
1057 | UNIOP /* Unary op, $_ implied */
1058 { $$ = newOP(($1)->tk_lval.ival, 0);
1059 token_getmad($1,$$,'o');
1061 | UNIOP block /* eval { foo }, I *think* */
1062 { $$ = newUNOP(($1)->tk_lval.ival, 0, $2);
1063 token_getmad($1,$$,'o');
1065 | UNIOP term /* Unary op */
1066 { $$ = newUNOP(($1)->tk_lval.ival, 0, $2);
1067 token_getmad($1,$$,'o');
1069 | REQUIRE /* require, $_ implied *//* FIMXE for MAD needed? */
1070 { $$ = newOP(OP_REQUIRE, $1 ? OPf_SPECIAL : 0); }
1071 | REQUIRE term /* require Foo *//* FIMXE for MAD needed? */
1072 { $$ = newUNOP(OP_REQUIRE, $1 ? OPf_SPECIAL : 0, $2); }
1074 { $$ = newUNOP(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_STACKED, scalar($1)); }
1075 | UNIOPSUB term /* Sub treated as unop */
1076 { $$ = newUNOP(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_STACKED,
1077 append_elem(OP_LIST, $2, scalar($1))); }
1078 | FUNC0 /* Nullary operator */
1079 { $$ = newOP(($1)->tk_lval.ival, 0);
1080 token_getmad($1,$$,'o');
1083 { $$ = newOP(($1)->tk_lval.ival, 0);
1084 token_getmad($1,$$,'o');
1085 token_getmad($2,$$,'(');
1086 token_getmad($3,$$,')');
1088 | FUNC0SUB /* Sub treated as nullop */
1089 { $$ = newUNOP(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_STACKED,
1091 | FUNC1 '(' ')' /* not () */
1092 { $$ = newOP(($1)->tk_lval.ival, OPf_SPECIAL);
1093 token_getmad($1,$$,'o');
1094 token_getmad($2,$$,'(');
1095 token_getmad($3,$$,')');
1097 | FUNC1 '(' expr ')' /* not($foo) */
1098 { $$ = newUNOP(($1)->tk_lval.ival, 0, $3);
1099 token_getmad($1,$$,'o');
1100 token_getmad($2,$$,'(');
1101 token_getmad($4,$$,')');
1103 | PMFUNC '(' argexpr ')' /* m//, s///, tr/// */
1104 { $$ = pmruntime($1, $3, 1);
1105 token_getmad($2,$$,'(');
1106 token_getmad($4,$$,')');
1112 /* "my" declarations, with optional attributes */
1113 myattrterm: MY myterm myattrlist
1114 { $$ = my_attrs($2,$3);
1115 token_getmad($1,$$,'d');
1116 append_madprops($3->op_madprop, $$, 'a');
1120 { $$ = localize($2,($1)->tk_lval.ival);
1121 token_getmad($1,$$,'d');
1125 /* Things that can be "my"'d */
1126 myterm : '(' expr ')'
1127 { $$ = sawparens($2);
1128 token_getmad($1,$$,'(');
1129 token_getmad($3,$$,')');
1132 { $$ = sawparens(newNULLLIST());
1133 token_getmad($1,$$,'(');
1134 token_getmad($2,$$,')');
1144 /* Basic list expressions */
1145 listexpr: /* NULL */ %prec PREC_LOW
1147 | argexpr %prec PREC_LOW
1151 listexprcom: /* NULL */
1156 { OP* op = newNULLLIST();
1157 token_getmad($2,op,',');
1158 $$ = append_elem(OP_LIST, $1, op);
1162 /* A little bit of trickery to make "for my $foo (@bar)" actually be
1165 { PL_in_my = 0; $$ = my($1); }
1169 { $$ = newCVREF(($1)->tk_lval.ival,$2);
1170 token_getmad($1,$$,'&');
1174 scalar : '$' indirob
1175 { $$ = newSVREF($2);
1176 token_getmad($1,$$,'$');
1181 { $$ = newAVREF($2);
1182 token_getmad($1,$$,'@');
1187 { $$ = newHVREF($2);
1188 token_getmad($1,$$,'%');
1192 arylen : DOLSHARP indirob
1193 { $$ = newAVREF($2);
1194 token_getmad($1,$$,'l');
1199 { $$ = newGVREF(0,$2);
1200 token_getmad($1,$$,'*');
1204 /* Indirect objects */
1206 { $$ = scalar($1); }
1207 | scalar %prec PREC_LOW
1208 { $$ = scalar($1); }