3 version - Perl extension for Version Objects
7 # Parsing version strings (decimal or dotted-decimal)
9 use version 0.77; # get latest bug-fixes and API
10 $ver = version->parse($string)
12 # Declaring a dotted-decimal $VERSION (keep on one line!)
14 use version 0.77; our $VERSION = version->declare("v1.2.3"); # formal
15 use version 0.77; our $VERSION = qv("v1.2.3"); # shorthand
16 use version 0.77; our $VERSION = qv("v1.2_3"); # alpha
18 # Declaring an old-style decimal $VERSION (use quotes!)
20 our $VERSION = "1.0203"; # recommended
21 use version 0.77; our $VERSION = version->parse("1.0203"); # formal
22 use version 0.77; our $VERSION = version->parse("1.02_03"); # alpha
24 # Comparing mixed version styles (decimals, dotted-decimals, objects)
26 if ( version->parse($v1) == version->parse($v2) ) {
30 # Sorting mixed version styles
32 @ordered = sort { version->parse($a) <=> version->parse($b) } @list;
36 Version objects were added to Perl in 5.10. This module implements version
37 objects for older version of Perl and provides the version object API for all
38 versions of Perl. All previous releases before 0.74 are deprecated and should
39 not be used due to incompatible API changes. Version 0.77 introduces the new
40 'parse' and 'declare' methods to standardize usage. You are strongly urged to
41 set 0.77 as a minimum in your code, e.g.
43 use version 0.77; # even for Perl v.5.10.0
45 =head1 TYPES OF VERSION OBJECTS
47 There are two different types of version objects, corresponding to the two
48 different styles of versions in use:
52 =item Decimal Versions
54 The classic floating-point number $VERSION. The advantage to this style is
55 that you don't need to do anything special, just type a number into your
56 source file. Quoting is recommended, as it ensures that trailing zeroes
57 ("1.50") are preserved in any warnings or other output.
59 =item Dotted Decimal Versions
61 The more modern form of version assignment, with 3 (or potentially more)
62 integers seperated by decimal points (e.g. v1.2.3). This is the form that
63 Perl itself has used since 5.6.0 was released. The leading "v" is now
64 strongly recommended for clarity, and will throw a warning in a future
69 =head1 DECLARING VERSIONS
71 If you have a module that uses a decimal $VERSION (floating point), and you
72 do not intend to ever change that, this module is not for you. There is
73 nothing that version.pm gains you over a simple $VERSION assignment:
75 our $VERSION = "1.02";
77 Since Perl v5.10.0 includes the version.pm comparison logic anyways,
78 you don't need to do anything at all.
80 =head2 How to convert a module from decimal to dotted-decimal
82 If you have used a decimal $VERSION in the past and wish to switch to a
83 dotted-decimal $VERSION, then you need to make a one-time conversion to
86 B<Important Note>: you must ensure that your new $VERSION is numerically
87 greater than your current decimal $VERSION; this is not always obvious. First,
88 convert your old decimal version (e.g. 1.02) to a normalized dotted-decimal
91 $ perl -Mversion -e 'print version->parse("1.02")->normal'
94 Then increment any of the dotted-decimal components (v1.20.1 or v1.21.0).
96 =head2 How to C<declare()> a dotted-decimal version
98 use version 0.77; our $VERSION = version->declare("v1.2.3");
100 The C<declare()> method always creates dotted-decimal version objects. When
101 used in a module, you B<must> put it on the same line as "use version" to
102 ensure that $VERSION is read correctly by PAUSE and installer tools. You
103 should also add 'version' to the 'configure_requires' section of your
104 module metadata file. See instructions in L<ExtUtils::MakeMaker> or
105 L<Module::Build> for details.
107 B<Important Note>: Even if you pass in what looks like a decimal number
108 ("1.2"), a dotted-decimal will be created ("v1.200.0"). To avoid confusion
109 or unintentional errors on older Perls, follow these guidelines:
115 Always use a dotted-decimal with (at least) three components
119 Always use a leading-v
123 Always quote the version
127 If you really insist on using version.pm with an ordinary decimal version,
128 use C<parse()> instead of declare. See the L<PARSING AND COMPARING VERSIONS>
131 See also L<version::Internals> for more on version number conversion,
132 quoting, calculated version numbers and declaring developer or "alpha" version
135 =head1 PARSING AND COMPARING VERSIONS
137 If you need to compare version numbers, but can't be sure whether they are
138 expressed as numbers, strings, v-strings or version objects, then you should
139 use version.pm to parse them all into objects for comparison.
141 =head2 How to C<parse()> a version
143 The C<parse()> method takes in anything that might be a version and returns
144 a corresponding version object, doing any necessary conversion along the way.
150 Dotted-decimal: bare v-strings (v1.2.3) and strings with more than one
151 decimal point and a leading 'v' ("v1.2.3"); NOTE you can technically use a
152 v-string or strings with a leading-v and only one decimal point (v1.2 or
153 "v1.2"), but you will confuse both yourself and others.
157 Decimal: regular decimal numbers (literal or in a string)
163 $variable version->parse($variable)
164 --------- -------------------------
172 See L<version::Internals> for more on version number conversion.
174 =head2 How to check for a legal version string
176 If you do not want to actually create a full blown version object, but
177 would still like to verify that a given string meets the criteria to
178 be parsed as a version, there are two helper functions that can be
185 The lax criteria corresponds to what is currently allowed by the
186 version parser. All of the following formats are acceptable
187 for dotted-decimal formats strings:
197 If you want to limit youself to a much more narrow definition of what
198 a version string constitutes, C<is_strict()> is limited to version
199 strings like the following list:
206 See L<version::Internals> for details of the regular expressions
207 that define the legal version string forms, as well as how to use
208 those regular expressions in your own code if C<is_lax()> and
209 C<is_strict()> are not sufficient for your needs.
211 =head2 How to compare version objects
213 Version objects overload the C<cmp> and C<< E<lt>=E<gt> >> operators. Perl
214 automatically generates all of the other comparison operators based on those
215 two so all the normal logical comparisons will work.
217 if ( version->parse($v1) == version->parse($v2) ) {
221 If a version object is compared against a non-version object, the non-object
222 term will be converted to a version object using C<parse()>. This may give
225 $v1 = version->parse("v0.95.0");
226 $bool = $v1 < 0.96; # FALSE since 0.96 is v0.960.0
228 Always comparing to a version object will help avoid surprises:
230 $bool = $v1 < version->parse("v0.96.0"); # TRUE
232 Note that "alpha" version objects (where the version string contains
233 a trailing underscore segment) compare as less than the equivalent
234 version without an underscore:
236 $bool = version->parse("1.23_45") < version->parse("1.2345"); # TRUE
238 See L<version::Internals> for more details on "alpha" versions.
240 =head1 OBJECT METHODS
244 True if and only if the version object was created with a underscore, e.g.
246 version->parse('1.002_03')->is_alpha; # TRUE
247 version->declare('1.2.3_4')->is_alpha; # TRUE
251 True only if the version object is a dotted-decimal version, e.g.
253 version->parse('v1.2.0')->is_qv; # TRUE
254 version->declare('v1.2')->is_qv; # TRUE
255 qv('1.2')->is_qv; # TRUE
256 version->parse('1.2')->is_qv; # FALSE
260 Returns a string with a standard 'normalized' dotted-decimal form with a
261 leading-v and at least 3 components.
263 version->declare('v1.2')->normal; # v1.2.0
264 version->parse('1.2')->normal; # v1.200.0
268 Returns a value representing the object in a pure decimal form without
271 version->declare('v1.2')->numify; # 1.002
272 version->parse('1.2')->numify; # 1.2
276 Returns a string that is as close to the original representation as possible.
277 If the original representation was a numeric literal, it will be returned the
278 way perl would normally represent it in a string. This method is used whenever
279 a version object is interpolated into a string.
281 version->declare('v1.2')->stringify; # v1.2
282 version->parse('1.200')->stringify; # 1.200
283 version->parse(1.02_30)->stringify; # 1.023
285 =head1 EXPORTED FUNCTIONS
289 This function is no longer recommended for use, but is maintained for
290 compatibility with existing code. If you do not want to have it exported
291 to your namespace, use this form:
297 (Not exported by default)
299 This function takes a scalar argument and returns a boolean value indicating
300 whether the argument meets the "lax" rules for a version number. Leading and
301 trailing spaces are not allowed.
305 (Not exported by default)
307 This function takes a scalar argument and returns a boolean value indicating
308 whether the argument meets the "strict" rules for a version number. Leading
309 and trailing spaces are not allowed.
313 John Peacock E<lt>jpeacock@cpan.orgE<gt>
317 L<version::Internals>.