7 use bytes (); # for $bytes::hint_bits
8 $charnames::hint_bits = 0x20000;
12 # This is not optimized in any way yet
17 ## Suck in the code/name list as a big string.
19 ## "0052\t\tLATIN CAPITAL LETTER R\n"
20 $txt = do "unicore/Name.pl" unless $txt;
22 ## @off will hold the index into the code/name string of the start and
23 ## end of the name as we find it.
26 ## If :full, look for the the name exactly
27 if ($^H{charnames_full} and $txt =~ /\t\t$name$/m) {
28 @off = ($-[0], $+[0]);
31 ## If we didn't get above, and :short allowed, look for the short name.
32 ## The short name is like "greek:Sigma"
34 if ($^H{charnames_short} and $name =~ /^(.+?):(.+)/s) {
35 my ($script, $cname) = ($1,$2);
36 my $case = ( $cname =~ /[[:upper:]]/ ? "CAPITAL" : "SMALL");
37 if ($txt =~ m/\t\t\U$script\E (?:$case )?LETTER \U$cname$/m) {
38 @off = ($-[0], $+[0]);
43 ## If we still don't have it, check for the name among the loaded
47 my $case = ( $name =~ /[[:upper:]]/ ? "CAPITAL" : "SMALL");
48 for my $script ( @{$^H{charnames_scripts}} )
50 if ($txt =~ m/\t\t$script (?:$case )?LETTER \U$name$/m) {
51 @off = ($-[0], $+[0]);
57 ## If we don't have it by now, give up.
58 die "Unknown charname '$name'" unless @off;
61 ## Now know where in the string the name starts.
62 ## The code, in hex, is befor that.
64 ## The code can be 4-6 characters long, so we've got to sort of
65 ## go look for it, just after the newline that comes before $off[0].
67 ## This would be much easier if unicore/Name.pl had info in
68 ## a name/code order, instead of code/name order.
70 ## The +1 after the rindex() is to skip past the newline we're finding,
71 ## or, if the rindex() fails, to put us to an offset of zero.
73 my $hexstart = rindex($txt, "\n", $off[0]) + 1;
75 ## we know where it starts, so turn into number - the ordinal for the char.
76 my $ord = hex substr($txt, $hexstart, $off[0] - $hexstart);
78 if ($^H & $bytes::hint_bits) { # "use bytes" in effect?
80 return chr $ord if $ord <= 255;
81 my $hex = sprintf '%X=0%o', $ord, $ord;
82 my $fname = substr $txt, $off[0] + 2, $off[1] - $off[0] - 2;
83 die "Character 0x$hex with name '$fname' is above 0xFF";
85 return pack "U", $ord;
90 shift; ## ignore class name
94 carp("`use charnames' needs explicit imports list");
96 $^H |= $charnames::hint_bits;
97 $^H{charnames} = \&charnames ;
100 ## fill %h keys with our @_ args.
105 $^H{charnames_full} = delete $h{':full'};
106 $^H{charnames_short} = delete $h{':short'};
107 $^H{charnames_scripts} = [map uc, keys %h];
110 ## If utf8? warnings are enabled, and some scripts were given,
111 ## see if at least we can find one letter of each script.
113 if (warnings::enabled('utf8') && @{$^H{charnames_scripts}})
115 $txt = do "unicore/Name.pl" unless $txt;
117 for my $script (@{$^H{charnames_scripts}})
119 if (not $txt =~ m/\t\t$script (?:CAPITAL |SMALL )?LETTER /) {
120 warnings::warn('utf8', "No such script: '$script'");
129 carp "charnames::viacode() expects one numeric argument";
135 if ($arg =~ m/^[0-9]+$/) {
136 $hex = sprintf "%04X", $arg;
138 carp("unexpected arg \"$arg\" to charnames::viacode()");
142 $txt = do "unicore/Name.pl" unless $txt;
144 if ($txt =~ m/^$hex\t\t(.+)/m) {
154 carp "charnames::vianame() expects one name argument";
160 $txt = do "unicore/Name.pl" unless $txt;
162 if ($txt =~ m/^([0-9A-F]+)\t\t($arg)/m) {
175 charnames - define character names for C<\N{named}> string literal escapes.
179 use charnames ':full';
180 print "\N{GREEK SMALL LETTER SIGMA} is called sigma.\n";
182 use charnames ':short';
183 print "\N{greek:Sigma} is an upper-case sigma.\n";
185 use charnames qw(cyrillic greek);
186 print "\N{sigma} is Greek sigma, and \N{be} is Cyrillic b.\n";
188 print charname::viacode(0x1234); # prints "ETHIOPIC SYLLABLE SEE"
189 printf "%04X", charname::vianame("GOTHIC LETTER AHSA"); # prints "10330"
193 Pragma C<use charnames> supports arguments C<:full>, C<:short> and
194 script names. If C<:full> is present, for expansion of
195 C<\N{CHARNAME}}> string C<CHARNAME> is first looked in the list of
196 standard Unicode names of chars. If C<:short> is present, and
197 C<CHARNAME> has the form C<SCRIPT:CNAME>, then C<CNAME> is looked up
198 as a letter in script C<SCRIPT>. If pragma C<use charnames> is used
199 with script name arguments, then for C<\N{CHARNAME}}> the name
200 C<CHARNAME> is looked up as a letter in the given scripts (in the
203 For lookup of C<CHARNAME> inside a given script C<SCRIPTNAME>
204 this pragma looks for the names
206 SCRIPTNAME CAPITAL LETTER CHARNAME
207 SCRIPTNAME SMALL LETTER CHARNAME
208 SCRIPTNAME LETTER CHARNAME
210 in the table of standard Unicode names. If C<CHARNAME> is lowercase,
211 then the C<CAPITAL> variant is ignored, otherwise the C<SMALL> variant
214 Note that C<\N{...}> is compile-time, it's a special form of string
215 constant used inside double-quoted strings: in other words, you cannot
216 used variables inside the C<\N{...}>. If you want similar run-time
217 functionality, use charnames::vianame().
219 =head1 CUSTOM TRANSLATORS
221 The mechanism of translation of C<\N{...}> escapes is general and not
222 hardwired into F<charnames.pm>. A module can install custom
223 translations (inside the scope which C<use>s the module) with the
224 following magic incantation:
226 use charnames (); # for $charnames::hint_bits
229 $^H |= $charnames::hint_bits;
230 $^H{charnames} = \&translator;
233 Here translator() is a subroutine which takes C<CHARNAME> as an
234 argument, and returns text to insert into the string instead of the
235 C<\N{CHARNAME}> escape. Since the text to insert should be different
236 in C<bytes> mode and out of it, the function should check the current
237 state of C<bytes>-flag as in:
239 use bytes (); # for $bytes::hint_bits
241 if ($^H & $bytes::hint_bits) {
242 return bytes_translator(@_);
245 return utf8_translator(@_);
249 =head1 charnames::viacode(code)
251 Returns the full name of the character indicated by the numeric code.
254 print charnames::viacode(0x2722);
256 prints "FOUR TEARDROP-SPOKED ASTERISK".
258 Returns undef if no name is known for the code.
260 This works only for the standard names, and does not yet aply
261 to custom translators.
263 =head1 charnames::vianame(code)
265 Returns the code point indicated by the name.
268 printf "%04X", charnames::vianame("FOUR TEARDROP-SPOKED ASTERISK");
272 Returns undef if no name is known for the name.
274 This works only for the standard names, and does not yet aply
275 to custom translators.
279 Since evaluation of the translation function happens in a middle of
280 compilation (of a string literal), the translation function should not
281 do any C<eval>s or C<require>s. This restriction should be lifted in
282 a future version of Perl.