1 package SQL::Translator::Producer::Oracle;
3 # -------------------------------------------------------------------
4 # $Id: Oracle.pm,v 1.22 2003-08-20 22:53:26 kycl4rk Exp $
5 # -------------------------------------------------------------------
6 # Copyright (C) 2003 Ken Y. Clark <kclark@cpan.org>,
7 # darren chamberlain <darren@cpan.org>,
8 # Chris Mungall <cjm@fruitfly.org>
10 # This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
11 # modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as
12 # published by the Free Software Foundation; version 2.
14 # This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
15 # WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
16 # MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
17 # General Public License for more details.
19 # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
20 # along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
21 # Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA
23 # -------------------------------------------------------------------
26 use vars qw[ $VERSION $DEBUG $WARN ];
27 $VERSION = sprintf "%d.%02d", q$Revision: 1.22 $ =~ /(\d+)\.(\d+)/;
28 $DEBUG = 0 unless defined $DEBUG;
30 use SQL::Translator::Schema::Constants;
31 use SQL::Translator::Utils qw(header_comment);
43 mediumint => 'number',
47 varchar => 'varchar2',
52 tinytext => 'varchar2',
68 'double precision' => 'number',
70 bigserial => 'number',
73 'character varying' => 'varchar2',
86 macaddr => 'varchar2',
88 'bit varying' => 'number',
92 # Oracle reserved words from:
93 # http://technet.oracle.com/docs/products/oracle8i/doc_library/\
94 # 817_doc/server.817/a85397/ap_keywd.htm
96 my %ora_reserved = map { $_, 1 } qw(
97 ACCESS ADD ALL ALTER AND ANY AS ASC AUDIT
99 CHAR CHECK CLUSTER COLUMN COMMENT COMPRESS CONNECT CREATE CURRENT
100 DATE DECIMAL DEFAULT DELETE DESC DISTINCT DROP
101 ELSE EXCLUSIVE EXISTS
105 IDENTIFIED IMMEDIATE IN INCREMENT INDEX INITIAL INSERT
106 INTEGER INTERSECT INTO IS
108 MAXEXTENTS MINUS MLSLABEL MODE MODIFY
109 NOAUDIT NOCOMPRESS NOT NOWAIT NULL NUMBER
110 OF OFFLINE ON ONLINE OPTION OR ORDER
111 PCTFREE PRIOR PRIVILEGES PUBLIC
112 RAW RENAME RESOURCE REVOKE ROW ROWID ROWNUM ROWS
113 SELECT SESSION SET SHARE SIZE SMALLINT START
114 SUCCESSFUL SYNONYM SYSDATE
115 TABLE THEN TO TRIGGER
116 UID UNION UNIQUE UPDATE USER
117 VALIDATE VALUES VARCHAR VARCHAR2 VIEW
121 my $max_id_length = 30;
122 my %used_identifiers = ();
127 # -------------------------------------------------------------------
129 my $translator = shift;
130 $DEBUG = $translator->debug;
131 $WARN = $translator->show_warnings;
132 my $no_comments = $translator->no_comments;
133 my $add_drop_table = $translator->add_drop_table;
134 my $schema = $translator->schema;
137 $output .= header_comment unless ($no_comments);
139 if ( $translator->parser_type =~ /mysql/i ) {
141 "-- We assume that default NLS_DATE_FORMAT has been changed\n".
142 "-- but we set it here anyway to be self-consistent.\n".
143 "ALTER SESSION SET NLS_DATE_FORMAT = 'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS';\n\n";
147 # Print create for each table
149 for my $table ( $schema->get_tables ) {
150 my $table_name = $table->name or next;
151 $table_name = mk_name( $table_name, '', undef, 1 );
152 my $table_name_ur = unreserve($table_name) or next;
154 my ( @comments, @field_defs, @trigger_defs, @constraint_defs );
156 push @comments, "--\n-- Table: $table_name_ur\n--" unless $no_comments;
158 my ( %field_name_scope, @field_comments );
159 for my $field ( $table->get_fields ) {
163 my $field_name = mk_name(
164 $field->name, '', \%field_name_scope, 1
166 my $field_name_ur = unreserve( $field_name, $table_name );
167 my $field_def = $field_name_ur;
173 my $data_type = lc $field->data_type;
174 my @size = $field->size;
175 my %extra = $field->extra;
176 my $list = $extra{'list'} || [];
177 # \todo deal with embedded quotes
178 my $commalist = join( ', ', map { qq['$_'] } @$list );
180 if ( $data_type eq 'enum' ) {
181 $check = "CHECK ($field_name_ur IN ($commalist))";
182 $data_type = 'varchar2';
184 elsif ( $data_type eq 'set' ) {
185 # XXX add a CHECK constraint maybe
186 # (trickier and slower, than enum :)
187 $data_type = 'varchar2';
190 $data_type = defined $translate{ $data_type } ?
191 $translate{ $data_type } :
192 die "Unknown datatype: $data_type\n";
196 # Fixes ORA-02329: column of datatype LOB cannot be
197 # unique or a primary key
199 if ( $data_type eq 'clob' && $field->is_primary_key ) {
200 $data_type = 'varchar2';
202 warn "CLOB cannot be a primary key, changing to VARCHAR2\n"
207 # Fixes ORA-00907: missing right parenthesis
209 if ( $data_type =~ /(date|clob)/i ) {
213 $field_def .= " $data_type";
214 if ( defined $size[0] && $size[0] > 0 ) {
215 $field_def .= '(' . join( ', ', @size ) . ')';
221 my $default = $field->default_value;
222 if ( defined $default ) {
224 # Wherein we try to catch a string being used as
225 # a default value for a numerical field. If "true/false,"
226 # then sub "1/0," otherwise just test the truthity of the
227 # argument and use that (naive?).
229 if ( $data_type =~ /^number$/i && $default !~ /^\d+$/ ) {
230 if ( $default =~ /^true$/i ) {
233 elsif ( $default =~ /^false$/i ) {
237 $default = $default ? "'1'" : "'0'";
241 $data_type =~ /date/ && $default eq 'current_timestamp'
243 $default = 'SYSDATE';
246 $default = $default =~ m/null/i ? 'NULL' : "'$default'"
249 $field_def .= " DEFAULT $default",
253 # Not null constraint
255 unless ( $field->is_nullable ) {
256 my $constraint_name = mk_name(
257 join('_', $table_name_ur, $field_name_ur ), 'nn'
259 $field_def .= ' CONSTRAINT ' . $constraint_name . ' NOT NULL';
262 $field_def .= " $check" if $check;
267 if ( $field->is_auto_increment ) {
268 my $base_name = $table_name . "_". $field_name;
269 my $seq_name = mk_name( $base_name, 'sq' );
270 my $trigger_name = mk_name( $base_name, 'ai' );
273 "CREATE SEQUENCE $seq_name;\n" .
274 "CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER $trigger_name\n" .
275 "BEFORE INSERT ON $table_name\n" .
276 "FOR EACH ROW WHEN (\n" .
277 " new.$field_name_ur IS NULL".
278 " OR new.$field_name_ur = 0\n".
281 " SELECT $seq_name.nextval\n" .
282 " INTO :new." . $field->name."\n" .
288 if ( lc $field->data_type eq 'timestamp' ) {
289 my $base_name = $table_name . "_". $field_name_ur;
290 my $trig_name = mk_name( $base_name, 'ts' );
292 "CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER $trig_name\n".
293 "BEFORE INSERT OR UPDATE ON $table_name_ur\n".
294 "FOR EACH ROW WHEN (new.$field_name_ur IS NULL)\n".
296 " SELECT sysdate INTO :new.$field_name_ur FROM dual;\n".
300 push @field_defs, $field_def;
302 if ( my $comment = $field->comments ) {
303 push @field_comments,
304 "COMMENT ON COLUMN $table_name.$field_name_ur is\n '".
312 for my $c ( $table->get_constraints ) {
313 my $name = $c->name || '';
314 my @fields = map { unreserve( $_, $table_name ) } $c->fields;
315 my @rfields = map { unreserve( $_, $table_name ) }
316 $c->reference_fields;
319 if ( $c->type eq PRIMARY_KEY ) {
320 $name ||= mk_name( $table_name, 'pk' );
321 push @constraint_defs, "CONSTRAINT $name PRIMARY KEY ".
322 '(' . join( ', ', @fields ) . ')';
324 elsif ( $c->type eq UNIQUE ) {
325 $name ||= mk_name( $table_name, 'u' );
326 push @constraint_defs, "CONSTRAINT $name UNIQUE " .
327 '(' . join( ', ', @fields ) . ')';
329 elsif ( $c->type eq FOREIGN_KEY ) {
330 $name ||= mk_name( $table_name, 'fk' );
331 my $def = "CONSTRAINT $name FOREIGN KEY ";
334 $def .= '(' . join( ', ', @fields ) . ')';
337 my $ref_table = unreserve($c->reference_table);
339 $def .= " REFERENCES $ref_table";
342 $def .= ' (' . join( ', ', @rfields ) . ')';
345 if ( $c->match_type ) {
347 ( $c->match_type =~ /full/i ) ? 'FULL' : 'PARTIAL';
350 if ( $c->on_delete ) {
351 $def .= ' ON DELETE '.join( ' ', $c->on_delete );
354 if ( $c->on_update ) {
355 $def .= ' ON UPDATE '.join( ' ', $c->on_update );
358 push @constraint_defs, $def;
366 for my $index ( $table->get_indices ) {
367 my $index_name = $index->name || '';
368 my $index_type = $index->type || NORMAL;
369 my @fields = map { unreserve( $_, $table_name ) }
373 if ( $index_type eq PRIMARY_KEY ) {
374 $index_name = mk_name( $table_name, 'pk' );
375 push @field_defs, 'CONSTRAINT '.$index_name.' PRIMARY KEY '.
376 '(' . join( ', ', @fields ) . ')';
378 elsif ( $index_type eq NORMAL ) {
379 $index_name = mk_name( $table_name, $index_name || 'i' );
381 "CREATE INDEX $index_name on $table_name_ur (".
382 join( ', ', @fields ).
386 warn "Unknown index type ($index_type) on table $table_name.\n"
391 my $create_statement;
392 $create_statement = "DROP TABLE $table_name_ur;\n" if $add_drop_table;
394 if ( my @table_comments = $table->comments ) {
395 for my $comment ( @table_comments ) {
396 next unless $comment;
397 push @field_comments, "COMMENT ON TABLE $table_name is\n '".
403 $create_statement .= "CREATE TABLE $table_name_ur (\n" .
404 join( ",\n", map { " $_" } @field_defs, @constraint_defs ) .
408 $output .= join( "\n\n",
420 warn "Truncated " . keys( %truncated ) . " names:\n";
421 warn "\t" . join( "\n\t", sort keys %truncated ) . "\n";
425 warn "Encounted " . keys( %unreserve ) .
426 " unsafe names in schema (reserved or invalid):\n";
427 warn "\t" . join( "\n\t", sort keys %unreserve ) . "\n";
434 # -------------------------------------------------------------------
436 my $basename = shift || '';
437 my $type = shift || '';
438 $type = '' if $type =~ /^\d/;
439 my $scope = shift || '';
440 my $critical = shift || '';
441 my $basename_orig = $basename;
443 ? $max_id_length - (length($type) + 1)
445 $basename = substr( $basename, 0, $max_name )
446 if length( $basename ) > $max_name;
447 my $name = $type ? "${type}_$basename" : $basename;
449 if ( $basename ne $basename_orig and $critical ) {
450 my $show_type = $type ? "+'$type'" : "";
451 warn "Truncating '$basename_orig'$show_type to $max_id_length ",
452 "character limit to make '$name'\n" if $WARN;
453 $truncated{ $basename_orig } = $name;
456 $scope ||= \%global_names;
457 if ( my $prev = $scope->{ $name } ) {
458 my $name_orig = $name;
459 $name .= sprintf( "%02d", ++$prev );
460 substr($name, $max_id_length - 3) = "00"
461 if length( $name ) > $max_id_length;
463 warn "The name '$name_orig' has been changed to ",
464 "'$name' to make it unique.\n" if $WARN;
466 $scope->{ $name_orig }++;
473 # -------------------------------------------------------------------
475 my $name = shift || '';
476 my $schema_obj_name = shift || '';
478 my ( $suffix ) = ( $name =~ s/(\W.*)$// ) ? $1 : '';
480 # also trap fields that don't begin with a letter
481 return $name if !$ora_reserved{ uc $name } && $name =~ /^[a-z]/i;
483 if ( $schema_obj_name ) {
484 ++$unreserve{"$schema_obj_name.$name"};
487 ++$unreserve{"$name (table name)"};
490 my $unreserve = sprintf '%s_', $name;
491 return $unreserve.$suffix;
496 # -------------------------------------------------------------------
497 # All bad art is the result of good intentions.
499 # -------------------------------------------------------------------
503 SQL::Translator::Producer::Oracle - Oracle SQL producer
507 use SQL::Translator::Parser::MySQL;
508 use SQL::Translator::Producer::Oracle;
510 my $original_create = ""; # get this from somewhere...
511 my $translator = SQL::Translator->new;
513 $translator->parser("SQL::Translator::Parser::MySQL");
514 $translator->producer("SQL::Translator::Producer::Oracle");
516 my $new_create = $translator->translate($original_create);
520 SQL::Translator::Producer::Oracle takes a parsed data structure,
521 created by a SQL::Translator::Parser subclass, and turns it into a
522 create string suitable for use with an Oracle database.
526 A hearty "thank-you" to Tim Bunce for much of the logic stolen from
527 his "mysql2ora" script.
531 Ken Y. Clark E<lt>kclark@cpan.orgE<gt>