1 package Package::Stash;
6 use Scalar::Util qw(reftype);
10 Package::Stash - routines for manipulating stashes
14 my $stash = Package::Stash->new('Foo');
15 $stash->add_package_symbol('%foo', {bar => 1});
17 $stash->has_package_symbol('$foo') # false
18 my $namespace = $stash->namespace;
19 *{ $namespace->{foo} }{HASH} # {bar => 1}
23 Manipulating stashes (Perl's symbol tables) is occasionally necessary, but
24 incredibly messy, and easy to get wrong. This module hides all of that behind a
27 NOTE: Most methods in this class require a variable specification that includes
28 a sigil. If this sigil is absent, it is assumed to represent the IO slot.
34 =head2 new $package_name
36 Creates a new C<Package::Stash> object, for the package given as the only
44 return bless { 'package' => $namespace }, $class;
49 Returns the name of the package that this object represents.
54 return $_[0]->{package};
59 Returns the raw stash itself.
65 # because of issues with the Perl API
66 # to the typeglob in some versions, we
67 # need to just always grab a new
68 # reference to the hash here. Ideally
69 # we could just store a ref and it would
70 # Just Work, but oh well :\
72 return \%{$_[0]->name . '::'};
84 sub _deconstruct_variable_name {
85 my ($self, $variable) = @_;
87 (defined $variable && length $variable)
88 || confess "You must pass a variable name";
90 my $sigil = substr($variable, 0, 1, '');
92 if (exists $SIGIL_MAP{$sigil}) {
93 return ($variable, $sigil, $SIGIL_MAP{$sigil});
96 return ("${sigil}${variable}", '', $SIGIL_MAP{''});
101 =head2 add_package_symbol $variable $value $filename $firstlinenum $lastlinenum
103 Adds a new package symbol, for the symbol given as C<$variable>, and optionally
104 gives it an initial value of C<$value>. C<$variable> should be the name of
105 variable including the sigil, so
107 Package::Stash->new('Foo')->add_package_symbol('%foo')
109 will create C<%Foo::foo>.
111 The optional $filename, $firstlinenum, and $lastlinenum arguments can be used
112 to indicate where the symbol should be regarded as having been defined.
113 Currently these values are only used if the symbol is a subroutine ('C<&>'
114 sigil) and only if C<$^P & 0x10> is true. In which case the special
115 C<%DB::sub> hash is updated to record the values of $filename, $firstlinenum,
116 and $lastlinenum for the subroutine.
118 This is especially useful for debuggers and profilers, which use C<%DB::sub> to
119 determine where the source code for a subroutine can be found. See
120 L<http://perldoc.perl.org/perldebguts.html#Debugger-Internals> for more
121 information about C<%DB::sub>.
125 sub _valid_for_type {
127 my ($value, $type) = @_;
128 if ($type eq 'HASH' || $type eq 'ARRAY'
129 || $type eq 'IO' || $type eq 'CODE') {
130 return reftype($value) eq $type;
133 my $ref = reftype($value);
134 return !defined($ref) || $ref eq 'SCALAR' || $ref eq 'REF' || $ref eq 'LVALUE';
138 sub add_package_symbol {
139 my ($self, $variable, $initial_value) = @_; # extra args unpacked below
141 my ($name, $sigil, $type) = ref $variable eq 'HASH'
142 ? @{$variable}{qw[name sigil type]}
143 : $self->_deconstruct_variable_name($variable);
145 my $pkg = $self->name;
148 $self->_valid_for_type($initial_value, $type)
149 || confess "$initial_value is not of type $type";
151 # cheap fail-fast check for PERLDBf_SUBLINE and '&'
152 if ($^P and $^P & 0x10 && $sigil eq '&') {
153 my (undef, undef, undef, $filename, $firstlinenum, $lastlinenum) = @_;
155 (undef, $filename, $firstlinenum) = caller
156 if not defined $filename;
157 $lastlinenum = $firstlinenum ||= 0
158 if not defined $lastlinenum;
160 # http://perldoc.perl.org/perldebguts.html#Debugger-Internals
161 $DB::sub{$pkg . '::' . $name} = "$filename:$firstlinenum-$lastlinenum";
166 no warnings 'redefine', 'misc', 'prototype';
167 *{$pkg . '::' . $name} = ref $initial_value ? $initial_value : \$initial_value;
170 =head2 remove_package_glob $name
172 Removes all package variables with the given name, regardless of sigil.
176 sub remove_package_glob {
177 my ($self, $name) = @_;
179 delete ${$self->name . '::'}{$name};
182 # ... these functions deal with stuff on the namespace level
184 =head2 has_package_symbol $variable
186 Returns whether or not the given package variable (including sigil) exists.
190 sub has_package_symbol {
191 my ($self, $variable) = @_;
193 my ($name, $sigil, $type) = ref $variable eq 'HASH'
194 ? @{$variable}{qw[name sigil type]}
195 : $self->_deconstruct_variable_name($variable);
197 my $namespace = $self->namespace;
199 return unless exists $namespace->{$name};
201 my $entry_ref = \$namespace->{$name};
202 if (reftype($entry_ref) eq 'GLOB') {
203 if ( $type eq 'SCALAR' ) {
204 return defined ${ *{$entry_ref}{SCALAR} };
207 return defined *{$entry_ref}{$type};
211 # a symbol table entry can be -1 (stub), string (stub with prototype),
212 # or reference (constant)
213 return $type eq 'CODE';
217 =head2 get_package_symbol $variable
219 Returns the value of the given package variable (including sigil).
223 sub get_package_symbol {
224 my ($self, $variable) = @_;
226 my ($name, $sigil, $type) = ref $variable eq 'HASH'
227 ? @{$variable}{qw[name sigil type]}
228 : $self->_deconstruct_variable_name($variable);
230 my $namespace = $self->namespace;
232 if (!exists $namespace->{$name}) {
233 # assigning to the result of this function like
234 # @{$stash->get_package_symbol('@ISA')} = @new_ISA
235 # makes the result not visible until the variable is explicitly
236 # accessed... in the case of @ISA, this might never happen
237 # for instance, assigning like that and then calling $obj->isa
238 # will fail. see t/005-isa.t
239 if ($type eq 'ARRAY' && $name ne 'ISA') {
240 $self->add_package_symbol($variable, []);
242 elsif ($type eq 'HASH') {
243 $self->add_package_symbol($variable, {});
247 $self->add_package_symbol($variable)
251 my $entry_ref = \$namespace->{$name};
253 if (ref($entry_ref) eq 'GLOB') {
254 return *{$entry_ref}{$type};
257 if ($type eq 'CODE') {
259 return \&{ $self->name . '::' . $name };
267 =head2 remove_package_symbol $variable
269 Removes the package variable described by C<$variable> (which includes the
270 sigil); other variables with the same name but different sigils will be
275 sub remove_package_symbol {
276 my ($self, $variable) = @_;
278 my ($name, $sigil, $type) = ref $variable eq 'HASH'
279 ? @{$variable}{qw[name sigil type]}
280 : $self->_deconstruct_variable_name($variable);
283 # no doubt this is grossly inefficient and
284 # could be done much easier and faster in XS
286 my ($scalar_desc, $array_desc, $hash_desc, $code_desc, $io_desc) = (
287 { sigil => '$', type => 'SCALAR', name => $name },
288 { sigil => '@', type => 'ARRAY', name => $name },
289 { sigil => '%', type => 'HASH', name => $name },
290 { sigil => '&', type => 'CODE', name => $name },
291 { sigil => '', type => 'IO', name => $name },
294 my ($scalar, $array, $hash, $code, $io);
295 if ($type eq 'SCALAR') {
296 $array = $self->get_package_symbol($array_desc) if $self->has_package_symbol($array_desc);
297 $hash = $self->get_package_symbol($hash_desc) if $self->has_package_symbol($hash_desc);
298 $code = $self->get_package_symbol($code_desc) if $self->has_package_symbol($code_desc);
299 $io = $self->get_package_symbol($io_desc) if $self->has_package_symbol($io_desc);
301 elsif ($type eq 'ARRAY') {
302 $scalar = $self->get_package_symbol($scalar_desc);
303 $hash = $self->get_package_symbol($hash_desc) if $self->has_package_symbol($hash_desc);
304 $code = $self->get_package_symbol($code_desc) if $self->has_package_symbol($code_desc);
305 $io = $self->get_package_symbol($io_desc) if $self->has_package_symbol($io_desc);
307 elsif ($type eq 'HASH') {
308 $scalar = $self->get_package_symbol($scalar_desc);
309 $array = $self->get_package_symbol($array_desc) if $self->has_package_symbol($array_desc);
310 $code = $self->get_package_symbol($code_desc) if $self->has_package_symbol($code_desc);
311 $io = $self->get_package_symbol($io_desc) if $self->has_package_symbol($io_desc);
313 elsif ($type eq 'CODE') {
314 $scalar = $self->get_package_symbol($scalar_desc);
315 $array = $self->get_package_symbol($array_desc) if $self->has_package_symbol($array_desc);
316 $hash = $self->get_package_symbol($hash_desc) if $self->has_package_symbol($hash_desc);
317 $io = $self->get_package_symbol($io_desc) if $self->has_package_symbol($io_desc);
319 elsif ($type eq 'IO') {
320 $scalar = $self->get_package_symbol($scalar_desc);
321 $array = $self->get_package_symbol($array_desc) if $self->has_package_symbol($array_desc);
322 $hash = $self->get_package_symbol($hash_desc) if $self->has_package_symbol($hash_desc);
323 $code = $self->get_package_symbol($code_desc) if $self->has_package_symbol($code_desc);
326 confess "This should never ever ever happen";
329 $self->remove_package_glob($name);
331 $self->add_package_symbol($scalar_desc => $scalar);
332 $self->add_package_symbol($array_desc => $array) if defined $array;
333 $self->add_package_symbol($hash_desc => $hash) if defined $hash;
334 $self->add_package_symbol($code_desc => $code) if defined $code;
335 $self->add_package_symbol($io_desc => $io) if defined $io;
338 =head2 list_all_package_symbols $type_filter
340 Returns a list of package variable names in the package, without sigils. If a
341 C<type_filter> is passed, it is used to select package variables of a given
342 type, where valid types are the slots of a typeglob ('SCALAR', 'CODE', 'HASH',
347 sub list_all_package_symbols {
348 my ($self, $type_filter) = @_;
350 my $namespace = $self->namespace;
351 return keys %{$namespace} unless defined $type_filter;
354 # or we can filter based on
355 # type (SCALAR|ARRAY|HASH|CODE)
356 if ($type_filter eq 'CODE') {
358 (ref($namespace->{$_})
359 ? (ref($namespace->{$_}) eq 'SCALAR')
360 : (ref(\$namespace->{$_}) eq 'GLOB'
361 && defined(*{$namespace->{$_}}{CODE})));
362 } keys %{$namespace};
364 return grep { *{$namespace->{$_}}{$type_filter} } keys %{$namespace};
372 Please report any bugs through RT: email
373 C<bug-package-stash at rt.cpan.org>, or browse to
374 L<http://rt.cpan.org/NoAuth/ReportBug.html?Queue=Package-Stash>.
378 L<Class::MOP::Package> - this module is a factoring out of code that used to
383 You can find this documentation for this module with the perldoc command.
385 perldoc Package::Stash
387 You can also look for information at:
391 =item * AnnoCPAN: Annotated CPAN documentation
393 L<http://annocpan.org/dist/Package-Stash>
397 L<http://cpanratings.perl.org/d/Package-Stash>
399 =item * RT: CPAN's request tracker
401 L<http://rt.cpan.org/NoAuth/Bugs.html?Dist=Package-Stash>
405 L<http://search.cpan.org/dist/Package-Stash>
411 Jesse Luehrs <doy at tozt dot net>
413 Mostly copied from code from L<Class::MOP::Package>, by Stevan Little and the
416 =head1 COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
418 This software is copyright (c) 2010 by Jesse Luehrs.
420 This is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
421 the same terms as perl itself.