7 our $VERSION = '0.009010'; # 0.9.10
8 $VERSION = eval $VERSION;
16 return if $MAKERS{$target}; # already exported into this package
17 *{_getglob("${target}::extends")} = sub {
18 _load_module($_) for @_;
19 # Can't do *{...} = \@_ or 5.10.0's mro.pm stops seeing @ISA
20 @{*{_getglob("${target}::ISA")}{ARRAY}} = @_;
22 *{_getglob("${target}::with")} = sub {
24 die "Only one role supported at a time by with" if @_ > 1;
25 Moo::Role->apply_role_to_package($target, $_[0]);
27 $MAKERS{$target} = {};
28 *{_getglob("${target}::has")} = sub {
29 my ($name, %spec) = @_;
30 ($MAKERS{$target}{accessor} ||= do {
31 require Method::Generate::Accessor;
32 Method::Generate::Accessor->new
33 })->generate_method($target, $name, \%spec);
34 $class->_constructor_maker_for($target)
35 ->register_attribute_specs($name, \%spec);
37 foreach my $type (qw(before after around)) {
38 *{_getglob "${target}::${type}"} = sub {
39 require Class::Method::Modifiers;
40 _install_modifier($target, $type, @_);
45 @{"${target}::ISA"} = do {
46 require Moo::Object; ('Moo::Object');
47 } unless @{"${target}::ISA"};
51 sub _constructor_maker_for {
52 my ($class, $target, $select_super) = @_;
53 return unless $MAKERS{$target};
54 $MAKERS{$target}{constructor} ||= do {
55 require Method::Generate::Constructor;
57 my ($moo_constructor, $con);
59 if ($select_super && $MAKERS{$select_super}) {
61 $con = $MAKERS{$select_super}{constructor};
63 my $t_new = $target->can('new');
65 if ($t_new == Moo::Object->can('new')) {
67 } elsif (my $defer_target = (Sub::Defer::defer_info($t_new)||[])->[0]) {
68 my ($pkg) = ($defer_target =~ /^(.*)::[^:]+$/);
71 $con = $MAKERS{$pkg}{constructor};
75 $moo_constructor = 1; # no other constructor, make a Moo one
78 Method::Generate::Constructor
81 accessor_generator => do {
82 require Method::Generate::Accessor;
83 Method::Generate::Accessor->new;
85 construction_string => (
87 ? ($con ? $con->construction_string : undef)
88 : ('$class->'.$target.'::SUPER::new(@_)')
90 subconstructor_generator => (
91 $class.'->_constructor_maker_for($class,'.perlstring($target).')'
95 ->register_attribute_specs(%{$con?$con->all_attribute_specs:{}})
103 Moo - Minimalist Object Orientation (with Moose compatiblity)
114 my $amount = shift || 1;
116 $self->pounds( $self->pounds - $amount );
126 die "Only SWEET-TREATZ supported!" unless $_[0] eq 'SWEET-TREATZ'
132 isa => quote_sub q{ die "$_[0] is too much cat food!" unless $_[0] < 15 },
139 my $full = Cat::Food->new(
140 taste => 'DELICIOUS.',
141 brand => 'SWEET-TREATZ',
151 This module is an extremely light-weight, high-performance L<Moose> replacement.
152 It also avoids depending on any XS modules to allow simple deployments. The
153 name C<Moo> is based on the idea that it provides almost -but not quite- two
156 Unlike C<Mouse> this module does not aim at full L<Moose> compatibility. See
157 L</INCOMPATIBILITIES> for more details.
159 =head1 WHY MOO EXISTS
161 If you want a full object system with a rich Metaprotocol, L<Moose> is
164 I've tried several times to use L<Mouse> but it's 3x the size of Moo and
165 takes longer to load than most of my Moo based CGI scripts take to run.
167 If you don't want L<Moose>, you don't want "less metaprotocol" like L<Mouse>,
168 you want "as little as possible" - which means "no metaprotocol", which is
171 By Moo 1.0 I intend to have Moo's equivalent of L<Any::Moose> built in -
172 if Moose gets loaded, any Moo class or role will act as a Moose equivalent
175 Hence - Moo exists as its name - Minimal Object Orientation - with a pledge
176 to make it smooth to upgrade to L<Moose> when you need more than minimal
179 =head1 IMPORTED METHODS
183 Foo::Bar->new( attr1 => 3 );
187 Foo::Bar->new({ attr1 => 3 });
191 This feature from Moose is not yet supported.
195 Don't override (or probably even call) this method. Instead, you can define
196 a C<BUILD> method on your class and the constructor will automatically call the
197 C<BUILD> method from parent down to child after the object has been
198 instantiated. Typically this is used for object validation or possibly logging.
202 if ($foo->does('Some::Role1')) {
206 Returns true if the object composes in the passed role.
208 =head1 IMPORTED SUBROUTINES
212 extends 'Parent::Class';
214 Declares base class. Multiple superclasses can be passed for multiple
215 inheritance (but please use roles instead).
217 Calling extends more than once will REPLACE your superclasses, not add to
218 them like 'use base' would.
225 Composes a L<Role::Tiny> into current class. Only one role may be composed in
226 at a time to allow the code to remain as simple as possible.
234 Declares an attribute for the class.
236 The options for C<has> are as follows:
242 B<required>, must be C<ro> or C<rw>. Unsurprisingly, C<ro> generates an
243 accessor that will not respond to arguments; to be clear: a getter only. C<rw>
244 will create a perlish getter/setter.
248 Takes a coderef which is meant to validate the attribute. Unlike L<Moose> Moo
249 does not include a basic type system, so instead of doing C<< isa => 'Num' >>,
253 die "$_[0] is not a number!" unless looks_like_number $_[0]
256 L<Sub::Quote aware|/SUB QUOTE AWARE>
260 Takes a coderef which is meant to coerce the attribute. The basic idea is to
261 do something like the following:
263 coerce => quote_sub q{
264 $_[0] + 1 unless $_[0] % 2
267 Coerce does not require C<isa> to be defined.
269 L<Sub::Quote aware|/SUB QUOTE AWARE>
273 Takes a coderef which will get called any time the attribute is set. Coderef
274 will be invoked against the object with the new value as an argument.
276 Note that Moose also passes the old value, if any; this feature is not yet
279 L<Sub::Quote aware|/SUB QUOTE AWARE>
283 Takes a coderef which will get called with $self as its only argument
284 to populate an attribute if no value is supplied to the constructor - or
285 if the attribute is lazy, when the attribute is first retrieved if no
286 value has yet been provided.
288 Note that if your default is fired during new() there is no guarantee that
289 other attributes have been populated yet so you should not rely on their
292 L<Sub::Quote aware|/SUB QUOTE AWARE>
296 Takes a method name which will return true if an attribute has a value.
298 A common example of this would be to call it C<has_$foo>, implying that the
299 object has a C<$foo> set.
303 Takes a method name which will be called to create the attribute - functions
304 exactly like default except that instead of calling
314 Takes a method name which will clear the attribute.
318 B<Boolean>. Set this if you want values for the attribute to be grabbed
319 lazily. This is usually a good idea if you have a L</builder> which requires
320 another attribute to be set.
324 B<Boolean>. Set this if the attribute must be passed on instantiation.
328 The value of this attribute will be the name of the method to get the value of
329 the attribute. If you like Java style methods, you might set this to
334 The value of this attribute will be the name of the method to set the value of
335 the attribute. If you like Java style methods, you might set this to
340 B<Boolean>. Set this if you want the reference that the attribute contains to
341 be weakened; use this when circular references are possible, which will cause
346 Takes the name of the key to look for at instantiation time of the object. A
347 common use of this is to make an underscored attribute have a non-underscored
348 initialization name. C<undef> means that passing the value in on instantiation
354 before foo => sub { ... };
356 See L<< Class::Method::Modifiers/before method(s) => sub { ... } >> for full
361 around foo => sub { ... };
363 See L<< Class::Method::Modifiers/around method(s) => sub { ... } >> for full
368 after foo => sub { ... };
370 See L<< Class::Method::Modifiers/after method(s) => sub { ... } >> for full
373 =head1 SUB QUOTE AWARE
375 L<Sub::Quote/quote_sub> allows us to create coderefs that are "inlineable,"
376 giving us a handy, XS-free speed boost. Any option that is L<Sub::Quote>
377 aware can take advantage of this.
379 =head1 INCOMPATIBILITIES WITH MOOSE
381 You can only compose one role at a time. If your application is large or
382 complex enough to warrant complex composition, you wanted L<Moose>.
384 There is no complex type system. C<isa> is verified with a coderef, if you
385 need complex types, just make a library of coderefs, or better yet, functions
386 that return quoted subs.
388 C<initializer> is not supported in core since the author considers it to be a
389 bad idea but may be supported by an extension in future.
391 There is no meta object. If you need this level of complexity you wanted
392 L<Moose> - Moo succeeds at being small because it explicitly does not
393 provide a metaprotocol.
395 No support for C<super>, C<override>, C<inner>, or C<augment> - override can
396 be handled by around albeit with a little more typing, and the author considers
397 augment to be a bad idea.
399 L</default> only supports coderefs, because doing otherwise is usually a
402 C<lazy_build> is not supported per se, but of course it will work if you
403 manually set all the options it implies.
405 C<auto_deref> is not supported since the author considers it a bad idea.
407 C<documentation> is not supported since it's a very poor replacement for POD.
411 mst - Matt S. Trout (cpan:MSTROUT) <mst@shadowcat.co.uk>
415 dg - David Leadbeater (cpan:DGL) <dgl@dgl.cx>
417 frew - Arthur Axel "fREW" Schmidt (cpan:FREW) <frioux@gmail.com>
419 hobbs - Andrew Rodland (cpan:ARODLAND) <arodland@cpan.org>
421 jnap - John Napiorkowski (cpan:JJNAPIORK) <jjn1056@yahoo.com>
423 ribasushi - Peter Rabbitson (cpan:RIBASUSHI) <ribasushi@cpan.org>
425 chip - Chip Salzenberg (cpan:CHIPS) <chip@pobox.com>
429 Copyright (c) 2010-2011 the Moo L</AUTHOR> and L</CONTRIBUTORS>
434 This library is free software and may be distributed under the same terms