6 our $VERSION = '0.009004'; # 0.9.4
7 $VERSION = eval $VERSION;
15 return if $MAKERS{$target}; # already exported into this package
16 *{_getglob("${target}::extends")} = sub {
17 _load_module($_) for @_;
18 # Can't do *{...} = \@_ or 5.10.0's mro.pm stops seeing @ISA
19 @{*{_getglob("${target}::ISA")}{ARRAY}} = @_;
21 *{_getglob("${target}::with")} = sub {
23 die "Only one role supported at a time by with" if @_ > 1;
24 Moo::Role->apply_role_to_package($target, $_[0]);
26 $MAKERS{$target} = {};
27 *{_getglob("${target}::has")} = sub {
28 my ($name, %spec) = @_;
29 ($MAKERS{$target}{accessor} ||= do {
30 require Method::Generate::Accessor;
31 Method::Generate::Accessor->new
32 })->generate_method($target, $name, \%spec);
33 $class->_constructor_maker_for($target)
34 ->register_attribute_specs($name, \%spec);
36 foreach my $type (qw(before after around)) {
37 *{_getglob "${target}::${type}"} = sub {
38 require Class::Method::Modifiers;
39 _install_modifier($target, $type, @_);
44 @{"${target}::ISA"} = do {
45 require Moo::Object; ('Moo::Object');
46 } unless @{"${target}::ISA"};
50 sub _constructor_maker_for {
51 my ($class, $target, $select_super) = @_;
52 return unless $MAKERS{$target};
53 $MAKERS{$target}{constructor} ||= do {
54 require Method::Generate::Constructor;
56 my ($moo_constructor, $con);
58 if ($select_super && $MAKERS{$select_super}) {
60 $con = $MAKERS{$select_super}{constructor};
62 my $t_new = $target->can('new');
64 if ($t_new == Moo::Object->can('new')) {
66 } elsif (my $defer_target = (Sub::Defer::defer_info($t_new)||[])->[0]) {
67 my ($pkg) = ($defer_target =~ /^(.*)::[^:]+$/);
70 $con = $MAKERS{$pkg}{constructor};
74 $moo_constructor = 1; # no other constructor, make a Moo one
77 require Moo::_mro unless $moo_constructor;
78 Method::Generate::Constructor
81 accessor_generator => do {
82 require Method::Generate::Accessor;
83 Method::Generate::Accessor->new;
85 ($moo_constructor ? ()
86 : (construction_string => '$class->next::method(@_)'))
89 ->register_attribute_specs(%{$con?$con->all_attribute_specs:{}})
97 Moo - Minimalist Object Orientation (with Moose compatiblity)
99 =head1 WARNING WARNING WARNING
101 This is a 0.9 release because we're fairly sure it works. For us. Until it's
102 tested in the wild, we make no guarantees it also works for you.
104 If this module does something unexpected, please submit a failing test.
106 But if it eats your cat, sleeps with your boyfriend, or pushes grandma down
107 the stairs to save her from the terrible secret of space, it's not our fault.
118 my $amount = shift || 1;
120 $self->pounds( $self->pounds - $amount );
130 die "Only SWEET-TREATZ supported!" unless $_[0] eq 'SWEET-TREATZ'
136 isa => quote_sub q{ die "$_[0] is too much cat food!" unless $_[0] < 15 },
143 my $full = Cat::Food->new(
144 taste => 'DELICIOUS.',
145 brand => 'SWEET-TREATZ',
155 This module is an extremely light-weight, high-performance L<Moose> replacement.
156 It also avoids depending on any XS modules to allow simple deployments. The
157 name C<Moo> is based on the idea that it provides almost -but not quite- two
160 Unlike C<Mouse> this module does not aim at full L<Moose> compatibility. See
161 L</INCOMPATIBILITIES> for more details.
163 =head1 WHY MOO EXISTS
165 If you want a full object system with a rich Metaprotocol, L<Moose> is
168 I've tried several times to use L<Mouse> but it's 3x the size of Moo and
169 takes longer to load than most of my Moo based CGI scripts take to run.
171 If you don't want L<Moose>, you don't want "less metaprotocol" like L<Mouse>,
172 you want "as little as possible" - which means "no metaprotocol", which is
175 By Moo 1.0 I intend to have Moo's equivalent of L<Any::Moose> built in -
176 if Moose gets loaded, any Moo class or role will act as a Moose equivalent
179 Hence - Moo exists as its name - Minimal Object Orientation - with a pledge
180 to make it smooth to upgrade to L<Moose> when you need more than minimal
183 =head1 IMPORTED METHODS
187 Foo::Bar->new( attr1 => 3 );
191 Foo::Bar->new({ attr1 => 3 });
195 This feature from Moose is not yet supported.
199 Don't override (or probably even call) this method. Instead, you can define
200 a C<BUILD> method on your class and the constructor will automatically call the
201 C<BUILD> method from parent down to child after the object has been
202 instantiated. Typically this is used for object validation or possibly logging.
206 if ($foo->does('Some::Role1')) {
210 Returns true if the object composes in the passed role.
212 =head1 IMPORTED SUBROUTINES
216 extends 'Parent::Class';
218 Declares base class. Multiple superclasses can be passed for multiple
219 inheritance (but please use roles instead).
221 Calling extends more than once will REPLACE your superclasses, not add to
222 them like 'use base' would.
229 Composes a L<Role::Tiny> into current class. Only one role may be composed in
230 at a time to allow the code to remain as simple as possible.
238 Declares an attribute for the class.
240 The options for C<has> are as follows:
246 B<required>, must be C<ro> or C<rw>. Unsurprisingly, C<ro> generates an
247 accessor that will not respond to arguments; to be clear: a getter only. C<rw>
248 will create a perlish getter/setter.
252 Takes a coderef which is meant to validate the attribute. Unlike L<Moose> Moo
253 does not include a basic type system, so instead of doing C<< isa => 'Num' >>,
257 die "$_[0] is not a number!" unless looks_like_number $_[0]
260 L<Sub::Quote aware|/SUB QUOTE AWARE>
264 This Moose feature is not yet supported
268 Takes a coderef which is meant to coerce the attribute. The basic idea is to
269 do something like the following:
271 coerce => quote_sub q{
272 $_[0] + 1 unless $_[0] % 2
275 L<Sub::Quote aware|/SUB QUOTE AWARE>
281 Takes a coderef which will get called any time the attribute is set. Coderef
282 will be invoked against the object with the new value as an argument.
284 Note that Moose also passes the old value, if any; this feature is not yet
287 L<Sub::Quote aware|/SUB QUOTE AWARE>
291 Takes a coderef which will get called with $self as its only argument
292 to populate an attribute if no value is supplied to the constructor - or
293 if the attribute is lazy, when the attribute is first retrieved if no
294 value has yet been provided.
296 Note that if your default is fired during new() there is no guarantee that
297 other attributes have been populated yet so you should not rely on their
300 L<Sub::Quote aware|/SUB QUOTE AWARE>
304 Takes a method name which will return true if an attribute has a value.
306 A common example of this would be to call it C<has_$foo>, implying that the
307 object has a C<$foo> set.
311 Takes a method name which will be called to create the attribute - functions
312 exactly like default except that instead of calling
322 Takes a method name which will clear the attribute.
326 B<Boolean>. Set this if you want values for the attribute to be grabbed
327 lazily. This is usually a good idea if you have a L</builder> which requires
328 another attribute to be set.
332 B<Boolean>. Set this if the attribute must be passed on instantiation.
336 B<Boolean>. Set this if you want the reference that the attribute contains to
337 be weakened; use this when circular references are possible, which will cause
342 Takes the name of the key to look for at instantiation time of the object. A
343 common use of this is to make an underscored attribute have a non-underscored
344 initialization name. C<undef> means that passing the value in on instantiation
350 before foo => sub { ... };
352 See L<< Class::Method::Modifiers/before method(s) => sub { ... } >> for full
357 around foo => sub { ... };
359 See L<< Class::Method::Modifiers/around method(s) => sub { ... } >> for full
364 after foo => sub { ... };
366 See L<< Class::Method::Modifiers/after method(s) => sub { ... } >> for full
369 =head1 SUB QUOTE AWARE
371 L<Sub::Quote/quote_sub> allows us to create coderefs that are "inlineable,"
372 giving us a handy, XS-free speed boost. Any option that is L<Sub::Quote>
373 aware can take advantage of this.
375 =head1 INCOMPATIBILITIES WITH MOOSE
377 You can only compose one role at a time. If your application is large or
378 complex enough to warrant complex composition, you wanted L<Moose>.
380 There is no complex type system. C<isa> is verified with a coderef, if you
381 need complex types, just make a library of coderefs, or better yet, functions
382 that return quoted subs.
384 C<initializer> is not supported in core since the author considers it to be a
385 bad idea but may be supported by an extension in future.
387 There is no meta object. If you need this level of complexity you wanted
388 L<Moose> - Moo succeeds at being small because it explicitly does not
389 provide a metaprotocol.
391 No support for C<super>, C<override>, C<inner>, or C<augment> - override can
392 be handled by around albeit with a little more typing, and the author considers
393 augment to be a bad idea.
395 L</default> only supports coderefs, because doing otherwise is usually a
398 C<lazy_build> is not supported per se, but of course it will work if you
399 manually set all the options it implies.
401 C<auto_deref> is not supported since the author considers it a bad idea.
403 C<documentation> is not supported since it's a very poor replacement for POD.