6 our $VERSION = '0.009008'; # 0.9.8
7 $VERSION = eval $VERSION;
15 return if $MAKERS{$target}; # already exported into this package
16 *{_getglob("${target}::extends")} = sub {
17 _load_module($_) for @_;
18 # Can't do *{...} = \@_ or 5.10.0's mro.pm stops seeing @ISA
19 @{*{_getglob("${target}::ISA")}{ARRAY}} = @_;
21 *{_getglob("${target}::with")} = sub {
23 die "Only one role supported at a time by with" if @_ > 1;
24 Moo::Role->apply_role_to_package($target, $_[0]);
26 $MAKERS{$target} = {};
27 *{_getglob("${target}::has")} = sub {
28 my ($name, %spec) = @_;
29 ($MAKERS{$target}{accessor} ||= do {
30 require Method::Generate::Accessor;
31 Method::Generate::Accessor->new
32 })->generate_method($target, $name, \%spec);
33 $class->_constructor_maker_for($target)
34 ->register_attribute_specs($name, \%spec);
36 foreach my $type (qw(before after around)) {
37 *{_getglob "${target}::${type}"} = sub {
38 require Class::Method::Modifiers;
39 _install_modifier($target, $type, @_);
44 @{"${target}::ISA"} = do {
45 require Moo::Object; ('Moo::Object');
46 } unless @{"${target}::ISA"};
50 sub _constructor_maker_for {
51 my ($class, $target, $select_super) = @_;
52 return unless $MAKERS{$target};
53 $MAKERS{$target}{constructor} ||= do {
54 require Method::Generate::Constructor;
56 my ($moo_constructor, $con);
58 if ($select_super && $MAKERS{$select_super}) {
60 $con = $MAKERS{$select_super}{constructor};
62 my $t_new = $target->can('new');
64 if ($t_new == Moo::Object->can('new')) {
66 } elsif (my $defer_target = (Sub::Defer::defer_info($t_new)||[])->[0]) {
67 my ($pkg) = ($defer_target =~ /^(.*)::[^:]+$/);
70 $con = $MAKERS{$pkg}{constructor};
74 $moo_constructor = 1; # no other constructor, make a Moo one
77 Method::Generate::Constructor
80 accessor_generator => do {
81 require Method::Generate::Accessor;
82 Method::Generate::Accessor->new;
84 construction_string => (
86 ? ($con ? $con->construction_string : undef)
87 : ('$class->'.$target.'::SUPER::new(@_)')
91 ->register_attribute_specs(%{$con?$con->all_attribute_specs:{}})
99 Moo - Minimalist Object Orientation (with Moose compatiblity)
101 =head1 WARNING WARNING WARNING
103 This is a 0.9 release because we're fairly sure it works. For us. Until it's
104 tested in the wild, we make no guarantees it also works for you.
106 If this module does something unexpected, please submit a failing test.
108 But if it eats your cat, sleeps with your boyfriend, or pushes grandma down
109 the stairs to save her from the terrible secret of space, it's not our fault.
120 my $amount = shift || 1;
122 $self->pounds( $self->pounds - $amount );
132 die "Only SWEET-TREATZ supported!" unless $_[0] eq 'SWEET-TREATZ'
138 isa => quote_sub q{ die "$_[0] is too much cat food!" unless $_[0] < 15 },
145 my $full = Cat::Food->new(
146 taste => 'DELICIOUS.',
147 brand => 'SWEET-TREATZ',
157 This module is an extremely light-weight, high-performance L<Moose> replacement.
158 It also avoids depending on any XS modules to allow simple deployments. The
159 name C<Moo> is based on the idea that it provides almost -but not quite- two
162 Unlike C<Mouse> this module does not aim at full L<Moose> compatibility. See
163 L</INCOMPATIBILITIES> for more details.
165 =head1 WHY MOO EXISTS
167 If you want a full object system with a rich Metaprotocol, L<Moose> is
170 I've tried several times to use L<Mouse> but it's 3x the size of Moo and
171 takes longer to load than most of my Moo based CGI scripts take to run.
173 If you don't want L<Moose>, you don't want "less metaprotocol" like L<Mouse>,
174 you want "as little as possible" - which means "no metaprotocol", which is
177 By Moo 1.0 I intend to have Moo's equivalent of L<Any::Moose> built in -
178 if Moose gets loaded, any Moo class or role will act as a Moose equivalent
181 Hence - Moo exists as its name - Minimal Object Orientation - with a pledge
182 to make it smooth to upgrade to L<Moose> when you need more than minimal
185 =head1 IMPORTED METHODS
189 Foo::Bar->new( attr1 => 3 );
193 Foo::Bar->new({ attr1 => 3 });
197 This feature from Moose is not yet supported.
201 Don't override (or probably even call) this method. Instead, you can define
202 a C<BUILD> method on your class and the constructor will automatically call the
203 C<BUILD> method from parent down to child after the object has been
204 instantiated. Typically this is used for object validation or possibly logging.
208 if ($foo->does('Some::Role1')) {
212 Returns true if the object composes in the passed role.
214 =head1 IMPORTED SUBROUTINES
218 extends 'Parent::Class';
220 Declares base class. Multiple superclasses can be passed for multiple
221 inheritance (but please use roles instead).
223 Calling extends more than once will REPLACE your superclasses, not add to
224 them like 'use base' would.
231 Composes a L<Role::Tiny> into current class. Only one role may be composed in
232 at a time to allow the code to remain as simple as possible.
240 Declares an attribute for the class.
242 The options for C<has> are as follows:
248 B<required>, must be C<ro> or C<rw>. Unsurprisingly, C<ro> generates an
249 accessor that will not respond to arguments; to be clear: a getter only. C<rw>
250 will create a perlish getter/setter.
254 Takes a coderef which is meant to validate the attribute. Unlike L<Moose> Moo
255 does not include a basic type system, so instead of doing C<< isa => 'Num' >>,
259 die "$_[0] is not a number!" unless looks_like_number $_[0]
262 L<Sub::Quote aware|/SUB QUOTE AWARE>
266 Takes a coderef which is meant to coerce the attribute. The basic idea is to
267 do something like the following:
269 coerce => quote_sub q{
270 $_[0] + 1 unless $_[0] % 2
273 Coerce does not require C<isa> to be defined.
275 L<Sub::Quote aware|/SUB QUOTE AWARE>
279 Takes a coderef which will get called any time the attribute is set. Coderef
280 will be invoked against the object with the new value as an argument.
282 Note that Moose also passes the old value, if any; this feature is not yet
285 L<Sub::Quote aware|/SUB QUOTE AWARE>
289 Takes a coderef which will get called with $self as its only argument
290 to populate an attribute if no value is supplied to the constructor - or
291 if the attribute is lazy, when the attribute is first retrieved if no
292 value has yet been provided.
294 Note that if your default is fired during new() there is no guarantee that
295 other attributes have been populated yet so you should not rely on their
298 L<Sub::Quote aware|/SUB QUOTE AWARE>
302 Takes a method name which will return true if an attribute has a value.
304 A common example of this would be to call it C<has_$foo>, implying that the
305 object has a C<$foo> set.
309 Takes a method name which will be called to create the attribute - functions
310 exactly like default except that instead of calling
320 Takes a method name which will clear the attribute.
324 B<Boolean>. Set this if you want values for the attribute to be grabbed
325 lazily. This is usually a good idea if you have a L</builder> which requires
326 another attribute to be set.
330 B<Boolean>. Set this if the attribute must be passed on instantiation.
334 B<Boolean>. Set this if you want the reference that the attribute contains to
335 be weakened; use this when circular references are possible, which will cause
340 Takes the name of the key to look for at instantiation time of the object. A
341 common use of this is to make an underscored attribute have a non-underscored
342 initialization name. C<undef> means that passing the value in on instantiation
348 before foo => sub { ... };
350 See L<< Class::Method::Modifiers/before method(s) => sub { ... } >> for full
355 around foo => sub { ... };
357 See L<< Class::Method::Modifiers/around method(s) => sub { ... } >> for full
362 after foo => sub { ... };
364 See L<< Class::Method::Modifiers/after method(s) => sub { ... } >> for full
367 =head1 SUB QUOTE AWARE
369 L<Sub::Quote/quote_sub> allows us to create coderefs that are "inlineable,"
370 giving us a handy, XS-free speed boost. Any option that is L<Sub::Quote>
371 aware can take advantage of this.
373 =head1 INCOMPATIBILITIES WITH MOOSE
375 You can only compose one role at a time. If your application is large or
376 complex enough to warrant complex composition, you wanted L<Moose>.
378 There is no complex type system. C<isa> is verified with a coderef, if you
379 need complex types, just make a library of coderefs, or better yet, functions
380 that return quoted subs.
382 C<initializer> is not supported in core since the author considers it to be a
383 bad idea but may be supported by an extension in future.
385 There is no meta object. If you need this level of complexity you wanted
386 L<Moose> - Moo succeeds at being small because it explicitly does not
387 provide a metaprotocol.
389 No support for C<super>, C<override>, C<inner>, or C<augment> - override can
390 be handled by around albeit with a little more typing, and the author considers
391 augment to be a bad idea.
393 L</default> only supports coderefs, because doing otherwise is usually a
396 C<lazy_build> is not supported per se, but of course it will work if you
397 manually set all the options it implies.
399 C<auto_deref> is not supported since the author considers it a bad idea.
401 C<documentation> is not supported since it's a very poor replacement for POD.
405 mst - Matt S. Trout (cpan:MSTROUT) <mst@shadowcat.co.uk>
409 dg - David Leadbeater (cpan:DGL) <dgl@dgl.cx>
411 frew - Arthur Axel "fREW" Schmidt (cpan:FREW) <frioux@gmail.com>
413 hobbs - Andrew Rodland (cpan:ARODLAND) <arodland@cpan.org>
415 jnap - John Napiorkowski (cpan:JJNAPIORK) <jjn1056@yahoo.com>
417 ribasushi - Peter Rabbitson (cpan:RIBASUSHI) <ribasushi@cpan.org>
421 Copyright (c) 2010-2011 the Moo L</AUTHOR> and L</CONTRIBUTORS>
426 This library is free software and may be distributed under the same terms