1 # $Id: /mirror/svn.schwern.org/CPAN/ExtUtils-MakeMaker/trunk/lib/ExtUtils/MakeMaker.pm 41145 2007-12-08T01:01:11.051959Z schwern $
2 package ExtUtils::MakeMaker;
4 BEGIN {require 5.005_03;}
7 use ExtUtils::MakeMaker::Config;
12 @ISA @EXPORT @EXPORT_OK
13 $VERSION $Verbose %Config
14 @Prepend_parent @Parent
15 %Recognized_Att_Keys @Get_from_Config @MM_Sections @Overridable
19 # Has to be on its own line with no $ after it to avoid being noticed by
20 # the version control system
21 use vars qw($Revision);
25 ($Revision) = q$Revision: 41145 $ =~ /Revision:\s+(\S+)/;
28 @EXPORT = qw(&WriteMakefile &writeMakefile $Verbose &prompt);
29 @EXPORT_OK = qw($VERSION &neatvalue &mkbootstrap &mksymlists
32 # These will go away once the last of the Win32 & VMS specific code is
34 my $Is_VMS = $^O eq 'VMS';
35 my $Is_Win32 = $^O eq 'MSWin32';
37 # Our filename for diagnostic and debugging purposes. More reliable
38 # than %INC (think caseless filesystems)
43 require ExtUtils::MM; # Things like CPAN assume loading ExtUtils::MakeMaker
46 require ExtUtils::MY; # XXX pre-5.8 versions of ExtUtils::Embed expect
47 # loading ExtUtils::MakeMaker will give them MY.
48 # This will go when Embed is it's own CPAN module.
52 Carp::croak "WriteMakefile: Need even number of args" if @_ % 2;
59 my $mm = MM->new(\%att);
66 # Basic signatures of the attributes WriteMakefile takes. Each is the
67 # reference type. Empty value indicate it takes a non-reference
77 EXCLUDE_EXT => 'ARRAY',
82 INCLUDE_EXT => 'ARRAY',
89 PMLIBPARENTDIRS => 'ARRAY',
94 VERSION => ['version',''],
95 _KEEP_AFTER_FLUSH => '',
100 dynamic_lib=> 'HASH',
106 tool_autosplit => 'HASH',
109 @Att_Sigs{keys %Recognized_Att_Keys} = ('') x keys %Recognized_Att_Keys;
110 @Att_Sigs{keys %Special_Sigs} = values %Special_Sigs;
116 while( my($key, $val) = each %$att ) {
117 my $sig = $Att_Sigs{$key};
118 unless( defined $sig ) {
119 warn "WARNING: $key is not a known parameter.\n";
123 my @sigs = ref $sig ? @$sig : $sig;
124 my $given = ref $val;
125 unless( grep { $given eq $_ || ($_ && eval{$val->isa($_)}) } @sigs ) {
126 my $takes = join " or ", map { _format_att($_) } @sigs;
128 my $has = _format_att($given);
129 warn "WARNING: $key takes a $takes not a $has.\n".
130 " Please inform the author.\n";
139 return $given eq '' ? "string/number"
140 : uc $given eq $given ? "$given reference"
147 my($mess, $def) = @_;
148 Carp::confess("prompt function called without an argument")
149 unless defined $mess;
151 my $isa_tty = -t STDIN && (-t STDOUT || !(-f STDOUT || -c STDOUT)) ;
153 my $dispdef = defined $def ? "[$def] " : " ";
154 $def = defined $def ? $def : "";
158 print "$mess $dispdef";
161 if ($ENV{PERL_MM_USE_DEFAULT} || (!$isa_tty && eof STDIN)) {
169 else { # user hit ctrl-D
174 return (!defined $ans || $ans eq '') ? $def : $ans;
177 sub eval_in_subdirs {
179 use Cwd qw(cwd abs_path);
180 my $pwd = cwd() || die "Can't figure out your cwd!";
182 local @INC = map eval {abs_path($_) if -e} || $_, @INC;
183 push @INC, '.'; # '.' has to always be at the end of @INC
185 foreach my $dir (@{$self->{DIR}}){
186 my($abs) = $self->catdir($pwd,$dir);
187 eval { $self->eval_in_x($abs); };
196 chdir $dir or Carp::carp("Couldn't change to directory $dir: $!");
203 # if ($@ =~ /prerequisites/) {
204 # die "MakeMaker WARNING: $@";
206 # warn "WARNING from evaluation of $dir/Makefile.PL: $@";
208 die "ERROR from evaluation of $dir/Makefile.PL: $@";
213 # package name for the classes into which the first object will be blessed
214 my $PACKNAME = 'PACK000';
219 my @attrib_help = qw/
221 AUTHOR ABSTRACT ABSTRACT_FROM BINARY_LOCATION
222 C CAPI CCFLAGS CONFIG CONFIGURE DEFINE DIR DISTNAME DL_FUNCS DL_VARS
223 EXCLUDE_EXT EXE_FILES EXTRA_META FIRST_MAKEFILE
224 FULLPERL FULLPERLRUN FULLPERLRUNINST
227 INST_ARCHLIB INST_SCRIPT INST_BIN INST_LIB INST_MAN1DIR INST_MAN3DIR
229 DESTDIR PREFIX INSTALL_BASE
230 PERLPREFIX SITEPREFIX VENDORPREFIX
231 INSTALLPRIVLIB INSTALLSITELIB INSTALLVENDORLIB
232 INSTALLARCHLIB INSTALLSITEARCH INSTALLVENDORARCH
233 INSTALLBIN INSTALLSITEBIN INSTALLVENDORBIN
234 INSTALLMAN1DIR INSTALLMAN3DIR
235 INSTALLSITEMAN1DIR INSTALLSITEMAN3DIR
236 INSTALLVENDORMAN1DIR INSTALLVENDORMAN3DIR
237 INSTALLSCRIPT INSTALLSITESCRIPT INSTALLVENDORSCRIPT
238 PERL_LIB PERL_ARCHLIB
239 SITELIBEXP SITEARCHEXP
241 INC INCLUDE_EXT LDFROM LIB LIBPERL_A LIBS LICENSE
242 LINKTYPE MAKE MAKEAPERL MAKEFILE MAKEFILE_OLD MAN1PODS MAN3PODS MAP_TARGET
243 MYEXTLIB NAME NEEDS_LINKING NOECHO NO_META NORECURS NO_VC OBJECT OPTIMIZE
244 PERL_MALLOC_OK PERL PERLMAINCC PERLRUN PERLRUNINST PERL_CORE
245 PERL_SRC PERM_RW PERM_RWX
246 PL_FILES PM PM_FILTER PMLIBDIRS PMLIBPARENTDIRS POLLUTE PPM_INSTALL_EXEC
247 PPM_INSTALL_SCRIPT PREREQ_FATAL PREREQ_PM PREREQ_PRINT PRINT_PREREQ
248 SIGN SKIP TYPEMAPS VERSION VERSION_FROM XS XSOPT XSPROTOARG
249 XS_VERSION clean depend dist dynamic_lib linkext macro realclean
252 MACPERL_SRC MACPERL_LIB MACLIBS_68K MACLIBS_PPC MACLIBS_SC MACLIBS_MRC
253 MACLIBS_ALL_68K MACLIBS_ALL_PPC MACLIBS_SHARED
256 # IMPORTS is used under OS/2 and Win32
258 # @Overridable is close to @MM_Sections but not identical. The
259 # order is important. Many subroutines declare macros. These
260 # depend on each other. Let's try to collect the macros up front,
261 # then pasthru, then the rules.
263 # MM_Sections are the sections we have to call explicitly
264 # in Overridable we have subroutines that are used indirectly
270 post_initialize const_config constants platform_constants
271 tool_autosplit tool_xsubpp tools_other
275 dist macro depend cflags const_loadlibs const_cccmd
282 top_targets blibdirs linkext dlsyms dynamic dynamic_bs
283 dynamic_lib static static_lib manifypods processPL
285 clean_subdirs clean realclean_subdirs realclean
287 dist_basics dist_core distdir dist_test dist_ci distmeta distsignature
288 install force perldepend makefile staticmake test ppd
290 ); # loses section ordering
292 @Overridable = @MM_Sections;
293 push @Overridable, qw[
295 libscan makeaperl needs_linking perm_rw perm_rwx
296 subdir_x test_via_harness test_via_script
298 init_VERSION init_dist init_INST init_INSTALL init_DEST init_dirscan
299 init_PM init_MANPODS init_xs init_PERL init_DIRFILESEP init_linker
302 push @MM_Sections, qw[
304 pm_to_blib selfdocument
308 # Postamble needs to be the last that was always the case
309 push @MM_Sections, "postamble";
310 push @Overridable, "postamble";
312 # All sections are valid keys.
313 @Recognized_Att_Keys{@MM_Sections} = (1) x @MM_Sections;
315 # we will use all these variables in the Makefile
318 ar cc cccdlflags ccdlflags dlext dlsrc exe_ext full_ar ld
319 lddlflags ldflags libc lib_ext obj_ext osname osvers ranlib
320 sitelibexp sitearchexp so
323 # 5.5.3 doesn't have any concept of vendor libs
324 push @Get_from_Config, qw( vendorarchexp vendorlibexp ) if $] >= 5.006;
326 foreach my $item (@attrib_help){
327 $Recognized_Att_Keys{$item} = 1;
329 foreach my $item (@Get_from_Config) {
330 $Recognized_Att_Keys{uc $item} = $Config{$item};
331 print "Attribute '\U$item\E' => '$Config{$item}'\n"
336 # When we eval a Makefile.PL in a subdirectory, that one will ask
337 # us (the parent) for the values and will prepend "..", so that
338 # all files to be installed end up below OUR ./blib
340 @Prepend_parent = qw(
341 INST_BIN INST_LIB INST_ARCHLIB INST_SCRIPT
342 MAP_TARGET INST_MAN1DIR INST_MAN3DIR PERL_SRC
350 The extension you are trying to build apparently is rather old and
351 most probably outdated. We detect that from the fact, that a
352 subroutine "writeMakefile" is called, and this subroutine is not
353 supported anymore since about October 1994.
355 Please contact the author or look into CPAN (details about CPAN can be
356 found in the FAQ and at http:/www.perl.com) for a more recent version
357 of the extension. If you're really desperate, you can try to change
358 the subroutine name from writeMakefile to WriteMakefile and rerun
359 'perl Makefile.PL', but you're most probably left alone, when you do
368 my($class,$self) = @_;
371 # Store the original args passed to WriteMakefile()
372 foreach my $k (keys %$self) {
373 $self->{ARGS}{$k} = $self->{$k};
376 if ("@ARGV" =~ /\bPREREQ_PRINT\b/) {
377 require Data::Dumper;
378 print Data::Dumper->Dump([$self->{PREREQ_PM}], [qw(PREREQ_PM)]);
382 # PRINT_PREREQ is RedHatism.
383 if ("@ARGV" =~ /\bPRINT_PREREQ\b/) {
384 print join(" ", map { "perl($_)>=$self->{PREREQ_PM}->{$_} " }
385 sort keys %{$self->{PREREQ_PM}}), "\n";
389 print STDOUT "MakeMaker (v$VERSION)\n" if $Verbose;
390 if (-f "MANIFEST" && ! -f "Makefile"){
394 $self = {} unless (defined $self);
398 my %configure_att; # record &{$self->{CONFIGURE}} attributes
399 my(%initial_att) = %$self; # record initial attributes
401 my(%unsatisfied) = ();
402 foreach my $prereq (sort keys %{$self->{PREREQ_PM}}) {
403 # 5.8.0 has a bug with require Foo::Bar alone in an eval, so an
404 # extra statement is a workaround.
405 my $file = "$prereq.pm";
407 eval { require $file };
409 my $pr_version = $prereq->VERSION || 0;
411 # convert X.Y_Z alpha version #s to X.YZ for easier comparisons
412 $pr_version =~ s/(\d+)\.(\d+)_(\d+)/$1.$2$3/;
415 warn sprintf "Warning: prerequisite %s %s not found.\n",
416 $prereq, $self->{PREREQ_PM}{$prereq}
417 unless $self->{PREREQ_FATAL};
418 $unsatisfied{$prereq} = 'not installed';
419 } elsif ($pr_version < $self->{PREREQ_PM}->{$prereq} ){
420 warn sprintf "Warning: prerequisite %s %s not found. We have %s.\n",
421 $prereq, $self->{PREREQ_PM}{$prereq},
422 ($pr_version || 'unknown version')
423 unless $self->{PREREQ_FATAL};
424 $unsatisfied{$prereq} = $self->{PREREQ_PM}->{$prereq} ?
425 $self->{PREREQ_PM}->{$prereq} : 'unknown version' ;
429 if (%unsatisfied && $self->{PREREQ_FATAL}){
430 my $failedprereqs = join "\n", map {" $_ $unsatisfied{$_}"}
431 sort { $a cmp $b } keys %unsatisfied;
433 MakeMaker FATAL: prerequisites not found.
436 Please install these modules first and rerun 'perl Makefile.PL'.
440 if (defined $self->{CONFIGURE}) {
441 if (ref $self->{CONFIGURE} eq 'CODE') {
442 %configure_att = %{&{$self->{CONFIGURE}}};
443 $self = { %$self, %configure_att };
445 Carp::croak "Attribute 'CONFIGURE' to WriteMakefile() not a code reference\n";
449 # This is for old Makefiles written pre 5.00, will go away
450 if ( Carp::longmess("") =~ /runsubdirpl/s ){
451 Carp::carp("WARNING: Please rerun 'perl Makefile.PL' to regenerate your Makefiles\n");
454 my $newclass = ++$PACKNAME;
455 local @Parent = @Parent; # Protect against non-local exits
458 print "Blessing Object into class [$newclass]\n" if $Verbose>=2;
459 mv_all_methods("MY",$newclass);
460 bless $self, $newclass;
462 require ExtUtils::MY;
463 @{"$newclass\:\:ISA"} = 'MM';
466 if (defined $Parent[-2]){
467 $self->{PARENT} = $Parent[-2];
469 for $key (@Prepend_parent) {
470 next unless defined $self->{PARENT}{$key};
472 # Don't stomp on WriteMakefile() args.
473 next if defined $self->{ARGS}{$key} and
474 $self->{ARGS}{$key} eq $self->{$key};
476 $self->{$key} = $self->{PARENT}{$key};
478 unless ($Is_VMS && $key =~ /PERL$/) {
479 $self->{$key} = $self->catdir("..",$self->{$key})
480 unless $self->file_name_is_absolute($self->{$key});
482 # PERL or FULLPERL will be a command verb or even a
483 # command with an argument instead of a full file
484 # specification under VMS. So, don't turn the command
485 # into a filespec, but do add a level to the path of
486 # the argument if not already absolute.
487 my @cmd = split /\s+/, $self->{$key};
488 $cmd[1] = $self->catfile('[-]',$cmd[1])
489 unless (@cmd < 2) || $self->file_name_is_absolute($cmd[1]);
490 $self->{$key} = join(' ', @cmd);
493 if ($self->{PARENT}) {
494 $self->{PARENT}->{CHILDREN}->{$newclass} = $self;
495 foreach my $opt (qw(POLLUTE PERL_CORE LINKTYPE)) {
496 if (exists $self->{PARENT}->{$opt}
497 and not exists $self->{$opt})
499 # inherit, but only if already unspecified
500 $self->{$opt} = $self->{PARENT}->{$opt};
504 my @fm = grep /^FIRST_MAKEFILE=/, @ARGV;
505 parse_args($self,@fm) if @fm;
507 parse_args($self,split(' ', $ENV{PERL_MM_OPT} || ''),@ARGV);
511 $self->{NAME} ||= $self->guess_name;
513 ($self->{NAME_SYM} = $self->{NAME}) =~ s/\W+/_/g;
527 $self->init_DIRFILESEP;
529 $self->init_ABSTRACT;
531 if (! $self->{PERL_SRC} ) {
532 require VMS::Filespec if $Is_VMS;
533 my($pthinks) = $self->canonpath($INC{'Config.pm'});
534 my($cthinks) = $self->catfile($Config{'archlibexp'},'Config.pm');
535 $pthinks = VMS::Filespec::vmsify($pthinks) if $Is_VMS;
536 if ($pthinks ne $cthinks &&
537 !($Is_Win32 and lc($pthinks) eq lc($cthinks))) {
538 print "Have $pthinks expected $cthinks\n";
540 $pthinks =~ s![/\\]Config\.pm$!!i; $pthinks =~ s!.*[/\\]!!;
543 $pthinks =~ s!/Config\.pm$!!; $pthinks =~ s!.*/!!;
545 print STDOUT <<END unless $self->{UNINSTALLED_PERL};
546 Your perl and your Config.pm seem to have different ideas about the
547 architecture they are running on.
548 Perl thinks: [$pthinks]
549 Config says: [$Config{archname}]
550 This may or may not cause problems. Please check your installation of perl
551 if you have problems building this extension.
556 $self->init_others();
557 $self->init_platform();
559 my($argv) = neatvalue(\@ARGV);
563 push @{$self->{RESULT}}, <<END;
564 # This Makefile is for the $self->{NAME} extension to perl.
566 # It was generated automatically by MakeMaker version
567 # $VERSION (Revision: $Revision) from the contents of
568 # Makefile.PL. Don't edit this file, edit Makefile.PL instead.
570 # ANY CHANGES MADE HERE WILL BE LOST!
572 # MakeMaker ARGV: $argv
574 # MakeMaker Parameters:
577 foreach my $key (sort keys %initial_att){
578 next if $key eq 'ARGS';
580 my($v) = neatvalue($initial_att{$key});
581 $v =~ s/(CODE|HASH|ARRAY|SCALAR)\([\dxa-f]+\)/$1\(...\)/;
583 push @{$self->{RESULT}}, "# $key => $v";
585 undef %initial_att; # free memory
587 if (defined $self->{CONFIGURE}) {
588 push @{$self->{RESULT}}, <<END;
590 # MakeMaker 'CONFIGURE' Parameters:
592 if (scalar(keys %configure_att) > 0) {
593 foreach my $key (sort keys %configure_att){
594 next if $key eq 'ARGS';
595 my($v) = neatvalue($configure_att{$key});
596 $v =~ s/(CODE|HASH|ARRAY|SCALAR)\([\dxa-f]+\)/$1\(...\)/;
598 push @{$self->{RESULT}}, "# $key => $v";
603 push @{$self->{RESULT}}, "# no values returned";
605 undef %configure_att; # free memory
608 # turn the SKIP array into a SKIPHASH hash
610 for $skip (@{$self->{SKIP} || []}) {
611 $self->{SKIPHASH}{$skip} = 1;
613 delete $self->{SKIP}; # free memory
615 if ($self->{PARENT}) {
616 for (qw/install dist dist_basics dist_core distdir dist_test dist_ci/) {
617 $self->{SKIPHASH}{$_} = 1;
621 # We run all the subdirectories now. They don't have much to query
622 # from the parent, but the parent has to query them: if they need linking!
623 unless ($self->{NORECURS}) {
624 $self->eval_in_subdirs if @{$self->{DIR}};
627 foreach my $section ( @MM_Sections ){
628 # Support for new foo_target() methods.
629 my $method = $section;
630 $method .= '_target' unless $self->can($method);
632 print "Processing Makefile '$section' section\n" if ($Verbose >= 2);
633 my($skipit) = $self->skipcheck($section);
635 push @{$self->{RESULT}}, "\n# --- MakeMaker $section section $skipit.";
637 my(%a) = %{$self->{$section} || {}};
638 push @{$self->{RESULT}}, "\n# --- MakeMaker $section section:";
639 push @{$self->{RESULT}}, "# " . join ", ", %a if $Verbose && %a;
640 push @{$self->{RESULT}}, $self->maketext_filter(
646 push @{$self->{RESULT}}, "\n# End.";
651 sub WriteEmptyMakefile {
652 Carp::croak "WriteEmptyMakefile: Need an even number of args" if @_ % 2;
655 my $self = MM->new(\%att);
657 my $new = $self->{MAKEFILE};
658 my $old = $self->{MAKEFILE_OLD};
660 _unlink($old) or warn "unlink $old: $!";
663 _rename($new, $old) or warn "rename $new => $old: $!"
665 open MF, '>'.$new or die "open $new for write: $!";
678 close MF or die "close $new for write: $!";
682 print STDOUT "Checking if your kit is complete...\n";
683 require ExtUtils::Manifest;
685 $ExtUtils::Manifest::Quiet = $ExtUtils::Manifest::Quiet = 1;
686 my(@missed) = ExtUtils::Manifest::manicheck();
688 print STDOUT "Warning: the following files are missing in your kit:\n";
689 print "\t", join "\n\t", @missed;
691 print STDOUT "Please inform the author.\n";
693 print STDOUT "Looks good\n";
698 my($self, @args) = @_;
700 unless (m/(.*?)=(.*)/) {
701 ++$Verbose if m/^verb/;
704 my($name, $value) = ($1, $2);
705 if ($value =~ m/^~(\w+)?/) { # tilde with optional username
706 $value =~ s [^~(\w*)]
708 ((getpwnam($1))[7] || "~$1") :
713 # Remember the original args passed it. It will be useful later.
714 $self->{ARGS}{uc $name} = $self->{uc $name} = $value;
717 # catch old-style 'potential_libs' and inform user how to 'upgrade'
718 if (defined $self->{potential_libs}){
719 my($msg)="'potential_libs' => '$self->{potential_libs}' should be";
720 if ($self->{potential_libs}){
721 print STDOUT "$msg changed to:\n\t'LIBS' => ['$self->{potential_libs}']\n";
723 print STDOUT "$msg deleted.\n";
725 $self->{LIBS} = [$self->{potential_libs}];
726 delete $self->{potential_libs};
728 # catch old-style 'ARMAYBE' and inform user how to 'upgrade'
729 if (defined $self->{ARMAYBE}){
730 my($armaybe) = $self->{ARMAYBE};
731 print STDOUT "ARMAYBE => '$armaybe' should be changed to:\n",
732 "\t'dynamic_lib' => {ARMAYBE => '$armaybe'}\n";
733 my(%dl) = %{$self->{dynamic_lib} || {}};
734 $self->{dynamic_lib} = { %dl, ARMAYBE => $armaybe};
735 delete $self->{ARMAYBE};
737 if (defined $self->{LDTARGET}){
738 print STDOUT "LDTARGET should be changed to LDFROM\n";
739 $self->{LDFROM} = $self->{LDTARGET};
740 delete $self->{LDTARGET};
742 # Turn a DIR argument on the command line into an array
743 if (defined $self->{DIR} && ref \$self->{DIR} eq 'SCALAR') {
744 # So they can choose from the command line, which extensions they want
745 # the grep enables them to have some colons too much in case they
746 # have to build a list with the shell
747 $self->{DIR} = [grep $_, split ":", $self->{DIR}];
749 # Turn a INCLUDE_EXT argument on the command line into an array
750 if (defined $self->{INCLUDE_EXT} && ref \$self->{INCLUDE_EXT} eq 'SCALAR') {
751 $self->{INCLUDE_EXT} = [grep $_, split '\s+', $self->{INCLUDE_EXT}];
753 # Turn a EXCLUDE_EXT argument on the command line into an array
754 if (defined $self->{EXCLUDE_EXT} && ref \$self->{EXCLUDE_EXT} eq 'SCALAR') {
755 $self->{EXCLUDE_EXT} = [grep $_, split '\s+', $self->{EXCLUDE_EXT}];
758 foreach my $mmkey (sort keys %$self){
759 next if $mmkey eq 'ARGS';
760 print STDOUT " $mmkey => ", neatvalue($self->{$mmkey}), "\n" if $Verbose;
761 print STDOUT "'$mmkey' is not a known MakeMaker parameter name.\n"
762 unless exists $Recognized_Att_Keys{$mmkey};
769 # We allow extension-specific hints files.
772 my $curdir = File::Spec->curdir;
774 my $hint_dir = File::Spec->catdir($curdir, "hints");
775 return unless -d $hint_dir;
777 # First we look for the best hintsfile we have
778 my($hint)="${^O}_$Config{osvers}";
783 # Also try without trailing minor version numbers.
785 last if -f File::Spec->catfile($hint_dir, "$hint.pl"); # found
787 last unless $hint =~ s/_[^_]*$//; # nothing to cut off
789 my $hint_file = File::Spec->catfile($hint_dir, "$hint.pl");
791 return unless -f $hint_file; # really there
793 _run_hintfile($self, $hint_file);
798 local($self) = shift; # make $self available to the hint file.
799 my($hint_file) = shift;
802 print STDERR "Processing hints file $hint_file\n";
804 # Just in case the ./ isn't on the hint file, which File::Spec can
805 # often strip off, we bung the curdir into @INC
806 local @INC = (File::Spec->curdir, @INC);
807 my $ret = do $hint_file;
808 if( !defined $ret ) {
809 my $error = $@ || $!;
817 my($symtab) = \%{"${from}::"};
819 # Here you see the *current* list of methods that are overridable
820 # from Makefile.PL via MY:: subroutines. As of VERSION 5.07 I'm
821 # still trying to reduce the list to some reasonable minimum --
822 # because I want to make it easier for the user. A.K.
824 local $SIG{__WARN__} = sub {
825 # can't use 'no warnings redefined', 5.6 only
826 warn @_ unless $_[0] =~ /^Subroutine .* redefined/
828 foreach my $method (@Overridable) {
830 # We cannot say "next" here. Nick might call MY->makeaperl
831 # which isn't defined right now
833 # Above statement was written at 4.23 time when Tk-b8 was
834 # around. As Tk-b9 only builds with 5.002something and MM 5 is
835 # standard, we try to enable the next line again. It was
836 # commented out until MM 5.23
838 next unless defined &{"${from}::$method"};
840 *{"${to}::$method"} = \&{"${from}::$method"};
842 # delete would do, if we were sure, nobody ever called
843 # MY->makeaperl directly
845 # delete $symtab->{$method};
847 # If we delete a method, then it will be undefined and cannot
848 # be called. But as long as we have Makefile.PLs that rely on
849 # %MY:: being intact, we have to fill the hole with an
852 eval "package MY; sub $method { shift->SUPER::$method(\@_); }";
855 # We have to clean out %INC also, because the current directory is
856 # changed frequently and Graham Barr prefers to get his version
857 # out of a History.pl file which is "required" so woudn't get
858 # loaded again in another extension requiring a History.pl
860 # With perl5.002_01 the deletion of entries in %INC caused Tk-b11
861 # to core dump in the middle of a require statement. The required
862 # file was Tk/MMutil.pm. The consequence is, we have to be
863 # extremely careful when we try to give perl a reason to reload a
864 # library with same name. The workaround prefers to drop nothing
865 # from %INC and teach the writers not to use such libraries.
868 # foreach $inc (keys %INC) {
869 # #warn "***$inc*** deleted";
877 if ($section eq 'dynamic') {
878 print STDOUT "Warning (non-fatal): Target 'dynamic' depends on targets ",
879 "in skipped section 'dynamic_bs'\n"
880 if $self->{SKIPHASH}{dynamic_bs} && $Verbose;
881 print STDOUT "Warning (non-fatal): Target 'dynamic' depends on targets ",
882 "in skipped section 'dynamic_lib'\n"
883 if $self->{SKIPHASH}{dynamic_lib} && $Verbose;
885 if ($section eq 'dynamic_lib') {
886 print STDOUT "Warning (non-fatal): Target '\$(INST_DYNAMIC)' depends on ",
887 "targets in skipped section 'dynamic_bs'\n"
888 if $self->{SKIPHASH}{dynamic_bs} && $Verbose;
890 if ($section eq 'static') {
891 print STDOUT "Warning (non-fatal): Target 'static' depends on targets ",
892 "in skipped section 'static_lib'\n"
893 if $self->{SKIPHASH}{static_lib} && $Verbose;
895 return 'skipped' if $self->{SKIPHASH}{$section};
904 my $finalname = $self->{MAKEFILE};
905 print STDOUT "Writing $finalname for $self->{NAME}\n";
907 unlink($finalname, "MakeMaker.tmp", $Is_VMS ? 'Descrip.MMS' : ());
908 open(FH,">MakeMaker.tmp") or die "Unable to open MakeMaker.tmp: $!";
910 for $chunk (@{$self->{RESULT}}) {
915 _rename("MakeMaker.tmp", $finalname) or
916 warn "rename MakeMaker.tmp => $finalname: $!";
917 chmod 0644, $finalname unless $Is_VMS;
919 my %keep = map { ($_ => 1) } qw(NEEDS_LINKING HAS_LINK_CODE);
921 if ($self->{PARENT} && !$self->{_KEEP_AFTER_FLUSH}) {
922 foreach (keys %$self) { # safe memory
923 delete $self->{$_} unless $keep{$_};
927 system("$Config::Config{eunicefix} $finalname") unless $Config::Config{eunicefix} eq ":";
931 # This is a rename for OS's where the target must be unlinked first.
933 my($src, $dest) = @_;
936 return rename $src, $dest;
939 # This is an unlink for OS's where the target must be writable first.
943 return unlink @files;
947 # The following mkbootstrap() is only for installations that are calling
948 # the pre-4.1 mkbootstrap() from their old Makefiles. This MakeMaker
949 # writes Makefiles, that use ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap directly.
952 !!! Your Makefile has been built such a long time ago, !!!
953 !!! that is unlikely to work with current MakeMaker. !!!
954 !!! Please rebuild your Makefile !!!
958 # Ditto for mksymlists() as of MakeMaker 5.17
961 !!! Your Makefile has been built such a long time ago, !!!
962 !!! that is unlikely to work with current MakeMaker. !!!
963 !!! Please rebuild your Makefile !!!
969 return "undef" unless defined $v;
971 return "q[$v]" unless $t;
975 foreach my $elem (@$v) {
976 push @neat, "q[$elem]";
978 push @m, join ", ", @neat;
982 return "$v" unless $t eq 'HASH';
984 while (($key,$val) = each %$v){
985 last unless defined $key; # cautious programming in case (undef,undef) is true
986 push(@m,"$key=>".neatvalue($val)) ;
988 return "{ ".join(', ',@m)." }";
995 push @m, "\n# Full list of MakeMaker attribute values:";
996 foreach my $key (sort keys %$self){
997 next if $key eq 'RESULT' || $key =~ /^[A-Z][a-z]/;
998 my($v) = neatvalue($self->{$key});
999 $v =~ s/(CODE|HASH|ARRAY|SCALAR)\([\dxa-f]+\)/$1\(...\)/;
1001 push @m, "# $key => $v";
1013 ExtUtils::MakeMaker - Create a module Makefile
1017 use ExtUtils::MakeMaker;
1019 WriteMakefile( ATTRIBUTE => VALUE [, ...] );
1023 This utility is designed to write a Makefile for an extension module
1024 from a Makefile.PL. It is based on the Makefile.SH model provided by
1025 Andy Dougherty and the perl5-porters.
1027 It splits the task of generating the Makefile into several subroutines
1028 that can be individually overridden. Each subroutine returns the text
1029 it wishes to have written to the Makefile.
1031 MakeMaker is object oriented. Each directory below the current
1032 directory that contains a Makefile.PL is treated as a separate
1033 object. This makes it possible to write an unlimited number of
1034 Makefiles with a single invocation of WriteMakefile().
1036 =head2 How To Write A Makefile.PL
1038 See ExtUtils::MakeMaker::Tutorial.
1040 The long answer is the rest of the manpage :-)
1042 =head2 Default Makefile Behaviour
1044 The generated Makefile enables the user of the extension to invoke
1046 perl Makefile.PL # optionally "perl Makefile.PL verbose"
1048 make test # optionally set TEST_VERBOSE=1
1049 make install # See below
1051 The Makefile to be produced may be altered by adding arguments of the
1052 form C<KEY=VALUE>. E.g.
1054 perl Makefile.PL INSTALL_BASE=~
1056 Other interesting targets in the generated Makefile are
1058 make config # to check if the Makefile is up-to-date
1059 make clean # delete local temp files (Makefile gets renamed)
1060 make realclean # delete derived files (including ./blib)
1061 make ci # check in all the files in the MANIFEST file
1062 make dist # see below the Distribution Support section
1066 MakeMaker checks for the existence of a file named F<test.pl> in the
1067 current directory and if it exists it execute the script with the
1068 proper set of perl C<-I> options.
1070 MakeMaker also checks for any files matching glob("t/*.t"). It will
1071 execute all matching files in alphabetical order via the
1072 L<Test::Harness> module with the C<-I> switches set correctly.
1074 If you'd like to see the raw output of your tests, set the
1075 C<TEST_VERBOSE> variable to true.
1077 make test TEST_VERBOSE=1
1081 A useful variation of the above is the target C<testdb>. It runs the
1082 test under the Perl debugger (see L<perldebug>). If the file
1083 F<test.pl> exists in the current directory, it is used for the test.
1085 If you want to debug some other testfile, set the C<TEST_FILE> variable
1088 make testdb TEST_FILE=t/mytest.t
1090 By default the debugger is called using C<-d> option to perl. If you
1091 want to specify some other option, set the C<TESTDB_SW> variable:
1093 make testdb TESTDB_SW=-Dx
1097 make alone puts all relevant files into directories that are named by
1098 the macros INST_LIB, INST_ARCHLIB, INST_SCRIPT, INST_MAN1DIR and
1099 INST_MAN3DIR. All these default to something below ./blib if you are
1100 I<not> building below the perl source directory. If you I<are>
1101 building below the perl source, INST_LIB and INST_ARCHLIB default to
1102 ../../lib, and INST_SCRIPT is not defined.
1104 The I<install> target of the generated Makefile copies the files found
1105 below each of the INST_* directories to their INSTALL*
1106 counterparts. Which counterparts are chosen depends on the setting of
1107 INSTALLDIRS according to the following table:
1112 PERLPREFIX SITEPREFIX VENDORPREFIX
1113 INST_ARCHLIB INSTALLARCHLIB INSTALLSITEARCH INSTALLVENDORARCH
1114 INST_LIB INSTALLPRIVLIB INSTALLSITELIB INSTALLVENDORLIB
1115 INST_BIN INSTALLBIN INSTALLSITEBIN INSTALLVENDORBIN
1116 INST_SCRIPT INSTALLSCRIPT INSTALLSITESCRIPT INSTALLVENDORSCRIPT
1117 INST_MAN1DIR INSTALLMAN1DIR INSTALLSITEMAN1DIR INSTALLVENDORMAN1DIR
1118 INST_MAN3DIR INSTALLMAN3DIR INSTALLSITEMAN3DIR INSTALLVENDORMAN3DIR
1120 The INSTALL... macros in turn default to their %Config
1121 ($Config{installprivlib}, $Config{installarchlib}, etc.) counterparts.
1123 You can check the values of these variables on your system with
1127 And to check the sequence in which the library directories are
1128 searched by perl, run
1130 perl -le 'print join $/, @INC'
1132 Sometimes older versions of the module you're installing live in other
1133 directories in @INC. Because Perl loads the first version of a module it
1134 finds, not the newest, you might accidentally get one of these older
1135 versions even after installing a brand new version. To delete I<all other
1136 versions of the module you're installing> (not simply older ones) set the
1139 make install UNINST=1
1144 INSTALL_BASE can be passed into Makefile.PL to change where your
1145 module will be installed. INSTALL_BASE is more like what everyone
1146 else calls "prefix" than PREFIX is.
1148 To have everything installed in your home directory, do the following.
1150 # Unix users, INSTALL_BASE=~ works fine
1151 perl Makefile.PL INSTALL_BASE=/path/to/your/home/dir
1153 Like PREFIX, it sets several INSTALL* attributes at once. Unlike
1154 PREFIX it is easy to predict where the module will end up. The
1155 installation pattern looks like this:
1157 INSTALLARCHLIB INSTALL_BASE/lib/perl5/$Config{archname}
1158 INSTALLPRIVLIB INSTALL_BASE/lib/perl5
1159 INSTALLBIN INSTALL_BASE/bin
1160 INSTALLSCRIPT INSTALL_BASE/bin
1161 INSTALLMAN1DIR INSTALL_BASE/man/man1
1162 INSTALLMAN3DIR INSTALL_BASE/man/man3
1164 INSTALL_BASE in MakeMaker and C<--install_base> in Module::Build (as
1165 of 0.28) install to the same location. If you want MakeMaker and
1166 Module::Build to install to the same location simply set INSTALL_BASE
1167 and C<--install_base> to the same location.
1169 INSTALL_BASE was added in 6.31.
1172 =head2 PREFIX and LIB attribute
1174 PREFIX and LIB can be used to set several INSTALL* attributes in one
1175 go. Here's an example for installing into your home directory.
1177 # Unix users, PREFIX=~ works fine
1178 perl Makefile.PL PREFIX=/path/to/your/home/dir
1180 This will install all files in the module under your home directory,
1181 with man pages and libraries going into an appropriate place (usually
1182 ~/man and ~/lib). How the exact location is determined is complicated
1183 and depends on how your Perl was configured. INSTALL_BASE works more
1184 like what other build systems call "prefix" than PREFIX and we
1185 recommend you use that instead.
1187 Another way to specify many INSTALL directories with a single
1190 perl Makefile.PL LIB=~/lib
1192 This will install the module's architecture-independent files into
1193 ~/lib, the architecture-dependent files into ~/lib/$archname.
1195 Note, that in both cases the tilde expansion is done by MakeMaker, not
1196 by perl by default, nor by make.
1198 Conflicts between parameters LIB, PREFIX and the various INSTALL*
1199 arguments are resolved so that:
1205 setting LIB overrides any setting of INSTALLPRIVLIB, INSTALLARCHLIB,
1206 INSTALLSITELIB, INSTALLSITEARCH (and they are not affected by PREFIX);
1210 without LIB, setting PREFIX replaces the initial C<$Config{prefix}>
1211 part of those INSTALL* arguments, even if the latter are explicitly
1212 set (but are set to still start with C<$Config{prefix}>).
1216 If the user has superuser privileges, and is not working on AFS or
1217 relatives, then the defaults for INSTALLPRIVLIB, INSTALLARCHLIB,
1218 INSTALLSCRIPT, etc. will be appropriate, and this incantation will be
1226 make install per default writes some documentation of what has been
1227 done into the file C<$(INSTALLARCHLIB)/perllocal.pod>. This feature
1228 can be bypassed by calling make pure_install.
1232 will have to specify the installation directories as these most
1233 probably have changed since perl itself has been installed. They will
1234 have to do this by calling
1236 perl Makefile.PL INSTALLSITELIB=/afs/here/today \
1237 INSTALLSCRIPT=/afs/there/now INSTALLMAN3DIR=/afs/for/manpages
1240 Be careful to repeat this procedure every time you recompile an
1241 extension, unless you are sure the AFS installation directories are
1244 =head2 Static Linking of a new Perl Binary
1246 An extension that is built with the above steps is ready to use on
1247 systems supporting dynamic loading. On systems that do not support
1248 dynamic loading, any newly created extension has to be linked together
1249 with the available resources. MakeMaker supports the linking process
1250 by creating appropriate targets in the Makefile whenever an extension
1251 is built. You can invoke the corresponding section of the makefile with
1255 That produces a new perl binary in the current directory with all
1256 extensions linked in that can be found in INST_ARCHLIB, SITELIBEXP,
1257 and PERL_ARCHLIB. To do that, MakeMaker writes a new Makefile, on
1258 UNIX, this is called Makefile.aperl (may be system dependent). If you
1259 want to force the creation of a new perl, it is recommended, that you
1260 delete this Makefile.aperl, so the directories are searched-through
1261 for linkable libraries again.
1263 The binary can be installed into the directory where perl normally
1264 resides on your machine with
1268 To produce a perl binary with a different name than C<perl>, either say
1270 perl Makefile.PL MAP_TARGET=myperl
1277 make myperl MAP_TARGET=myperl
1278 make inst_perl MAP_TARGET=myperl
1280 In any case you will be prompted with the correct invocation of the
1281 C<inst_perl> target that installs the new binary into INSTALLBIN.
1283 make inst_perl per default writes some documentation of what has been
1284 done into the file C<$(INSTALLARCHLIB)/perllocal.pod>. This
1285 can be bypassed by calling make pure_inst_perl.
1287 Warning: the inst_perl: target will most probably overwrite your
1288 existing perl binary. Use with care!
1290 Sometimes you might want to build a statically linked perl although
1291 your system supports dynamic loading. In this case you may explicitly
1292 set the linktype with the invocation of the Makefile.PL or make:
1294 perl Makefile.PL LINKTYPE=static # recommended
1298 make LINKTYPE=static # works on most systems
1300 =head2 Determination of Perl Library and Installation Locations
1302 MakeMaker needs to know, or to guess, where certain things are
1303 located. Especially INST_LIB and INST_ARCHLIB (where to put the files
1304 during the make(1) run), PERL_LIB and PERL_ARCHLIB (where to read
1305 existing modules from), and PERL_INC (header files and C<libperl*.*>).
1307 Extensions may be built either using the contents of the perl source
1308 directory tree or from the installed perl library. The recommended way
1309 is to build extensions after you have run 'make install' on perl
1310 itself. You can do that in any directory on your hard disk that is not
1311 below the perl source tree. The support for extensions below the ext
1312 directory of the perl distribution is only good for the standard
1313 extensions that come with perl.
1315 If an extension is being built below the C<ext/> directory of the perl
1316 source then MakeMaker will set PERL_SRC automatically (e.g.,
1317 C<../..>). If PERL_SRC is defined and the extension is recognized as
1318 a standard extension, then other variables default to the following:
1321 PERL_LIB = PERL_SRC/lib
1322 PERL_ARCHLIB = PERL_SRC/lib
1324 INST_ARCHLIB = PERL_ARCHLIB
1326 If an extension is being built away from the perl source then MakeMaker
1327 will leave PERL_SRC undefined and default to using the installed copy
1328 of the perl library. The other variables default to the following:
1330 PERL_INC = $archlibexp/CORE
1331 PERL_LIB = $privlibexp
1332 PERL_ARCHLIB = $archlibexp
1333 INST_LIB = ./blib/lib
1334 INST_ARCHLIB = ./blib/arch
1336 If perl has not yet been installed then PERL_SRC can be defined on the
1337 command line as shown in the previous section.
1340 =head2 Which architecture dependent directory?
1342 If you don't want to keep the defaults for the INSTALL* macros,
1343 MakeMaker helps you to minimize the typing needed: the usual
1344 relationship between INSTALLPRIVLIB and INSTALLARCHLIB is determined
1345 by Configure at perl compilation time. MakeMaker supports the user who
1346 sets INSTALLPRIVLIB. If INSTALLPRIVLIB is set, but INSTALLARCHLIB not,
1347 then MakeMaker defaults the latter to be the same subdirectory of
1348 INSTALLPRIVLIB as Configure decided for the counterparts in %Config ,
1349 otherwise it defaults to INSTALLPRIVLIB. The same relationship holds
1350 for INSTALLSITELIB and INSTALLSITEARCH.
1352 MakeMaker gives you much more freedom than needed to configure
1353 internal variables and get different results. It is worth to mention,
1354 that make(1) also lets you configure most of the variables that are
1355 used in the Makefile. But in the majority of situations this will not
1356 be necessary, and should only be done if the author of a package
1357 recommends it (or you know what you're doing).
1359 =head2 Using Attributes and Parameters
1361 The following attributes may be specified as arguments to WriteMakefile()
1362 or as NAME=VALUE pairs on the command line.
1368 One line description of the module. Will be included in PPD file.
1372 Name of the file that contains the package description. MakeMaker looks
1373 for a line in the POD matching /^($package\s-\s)(.*)/. This is typically
1374 the first line in the "=head1 NAME" section. $2 becomes the abstract.
1378 String containing name (and email address) of package author(s). Is used
1379 in PPD (Perl Package Description) files for PPM (Perl Package Manager).
1381 =item BINARY_LOCATION
1383 Used when creating PPD files for binary packages. It can be set to a
1384 full or relative path or URL to the binary archive for a particular
1385 architecture. For example:
1387 perl Makefile.PL BINARY_LOCATION=x86/Agent.tar.gz
1389 builds a PPD package that references a binary of the C<Agent> package,
1390 located in the C<x86> directory relative to the PPD itself.
1394 Ref to array of *.c file names. Initialised from a directory scan
1395 and the values portion of the XS attribute hash. This is not
1396 currently used by MakeMaker but may be handy in Makefile.PLs.
1400 String that will be included in the compiler call command line between
1401 the arguments INC and OPTIMIZE.
1405 Arrayref. E.g. [qw(archname manext)] defines ARCHNAME & MANEXT from
1406 config.sh. MakeMaker will add to CONFIG the following values anyway:
1426 CODE reference. The subroutine should return a hash reference. The
1427 hash may contain further attributes, e.g. {LIBS =E<gt> ...}, that have to
1428 be determined by some evaluation method.
1432 Something like C<"-DHAVE_UNISTD_H">
1436 This is the root directory into which the code will be installed. It
1437 I<prepends itself to the normal prefix>. For example, if your code
1438 would normally go into F</usr/local/lib/perl> you could set DESTDIR=~/tmp/
1439 and installation would go into F<~/tmp/usr/local/lib/perl>.
1441 This is primarily of use for people who repackage Perl modules.
1443 NOTE: Due to the nature of make, it is important that you put the trailing
1444 slash on your DESTDIR. F<~/tmp/> not F<~/tmp>.
1448 Ref to array of subdirectories containing Makefile.PLs e.g. [ 'sdbm'
1453 A safe filename for the package.
1455 Defaults to NAME above but with :: replaced with -.
1457 For example, Foo::Bar becomes Foo-Bar.
1461 Your name for distributing the package with the version number
1462 included. This is used by 'make dist' to name the resulting archive
1465 Defaults to DISTNAME-VERSION.
1467 For example, version 1.04 of Foo::Bar becomes Foo-Bar-1.04.
1469 On some OS's where . has special meaning VERSION_SYM may be used in
1474 Hashref of symbol names for routines to be made available as universal
1475 symbols. Each key/value pair consists of the package name and an
1476 array of routine names in that package. Used only under AIX, OS/2,
1477 VMS and Win32 at present. The routine names supplied will be expanded
1478 in the same way as XSUB names are expanded by the XS() macro.
1481 {"$(NAME)" => ["boot_$(NAME)" ] }
1485 {"RPC" => [qw( boot_rpcb rpcb_gettime getnetconfigent )],
1486 "NetconfigPtr" => [ 'DESTROY'] }
1488 Please see the L<ExtUtils::Mksymlists> documentation for more information
1489 about the DL_FUNCS, DL_VARS and FUNCLIST attributes.
1493 Array of symbol names for variables to be made available as universal symbols.
1494 Used only under AIX, OS/2, VMS and Win32 at present. Defaults to [].
1495 (e.g. [ qw(Foo_version Foo_numstreams Foo_tree ) ])
1499 Array of extension names to exclude when doing a static build. This
1500 is ignored if INCLUDE_EXT is present. Consult INCLUDE_EXT for more
1501 details. (e.g. [ qw( Socket POSIX ) ] )
1503 This attribute may be most useful when specified as a string on the
1504 command line: perl Makefile.PL EXCLUDE_EXT='Socket Safe'
1508 Ref to array of executable files. The files will be copied to the
1509 INST_SCRIPT directory. Make realclean will delete them from there
1512 If your executables start with something like #!perl or
1513 #!/usr/bin/perl MakeMaker will change this to the path of the perl
1514 'Makefile.PL' was invoked with so the programs will be sure to run
1515 properly even if perl is not in /usr/bin/perl.
1517 =item FIRST_MAKEFILE
1519 The name of the Makefile to be produced. This is used for the second
1520 Makefile that will be produced for the MAP_TARGET.
1522 Defaults to 'Makefile' or 'Descrip.MMS' on VMS.
1524 (Note: we couldn't use MAKEFILE because dmake uses this for something
1529 Perl binary able to run this extension, load XS modules, etc...
1533 Like PERLRUN, except it uses FULLPERL.
1535 =item FULLPERLRUNINST
1537 Like PERLRUNINST, except it uses FULLPERL.
1541 This provides an alternate means to specify function names to be
1542 exported from the extension. Its value is a reference to an
1543 array of function names to be exported by the extension. These
1544 names are passed through unaltered to the linker options file.
1548 Ref to array of *.h file names. Similar to C.
1552 This attribute is used to specify names to be imported into the
1553 extension. Takes a hash ref.
1555 It is only used on OS/2 and Win32.
1559 Include file dirs eg: C<"-I/usr/5include -I/path/to/inc">
1563 Array of extension names to be included when doing a static build.
1564 MakeMaker will normally build with all of the installed extensions when
1565 doing a static build, and that is usually the desired behavior. If
1566 INCLUDE_EXT is present then MakeMaker will build only with those extensions
1567 which are explicitly mentioned. (e.g. [ qw( Socket POSIX ) ])
1569 It is not necessary to mention DynaLoader or the current extension when
1570 filling in INCLUDE_EXT. If the INCLUDE_EXT is mentioned but is empty then
1571 only DynaLoader and the current extension will be included in the build.
1573 This attribute may be most useful when specified as a string on the
1574 command line: perl Makefile.PL INCLUDE_EXT='POSIX Socket Devel::Peek'
1576 =item INSTALLARCHLIB
1578 Used by 'make install', which copies files from INST_ARCHLIB to this
1579 directory if INSTALLDIRS is set to perl.
1583 Directory to install binary files (e.g. tkperl) into if
1588 Determines which of the sets of installation directories to choose:
1589 perl, site or vendor. Defaults to site.
1591 =item INSTALLMAN1DIR
1593 =item INSTALLMAN3DIR
1595 These directories get the man pages at 'make install' time if
1596 INSTALLDIRS=perl. Defaults to $Config{installman*dir}.
1598 If set to 'none', no man pages will be installed.
1600 =item INSTALLPRIVLIB
1602 Used by 'make install', which copies files from INST_LIB to this
1603 directory if INSTALLDIRS is set to perl.
1605 Defaults to $Config{installprivlib}.
1609 Used by 'make install' which copies files from INST_SCRIPT to this
1610 directory if INSTALLDIRS=perl.
1612 =item INSTALLSITEARCH
1614 Used by 'make install', which copies files from INST_ARCHLIB to this
1615 directory if INSTALLDIRS is set to site (default).
1617 =item INSTALLSITEBIN
1619 Used by 'make install', which copies files from INST_BIN to this
1620 directory if INSTALLDIRS is set to site (default).
1622 =item INSTALLSITELIB
1624 Used by 'make install', which copies files from INST_LIB to this
1625 directory if INSTALLDIRS is set to site (default).
1627 =item INSTALLSITEMAN1DIR
1629 =item INSTALLSITEMAN3DIR
1631 These directories get the man pages at 'make install' time if
1632 INSTALLDIRS=site (default). Defaults to
1633 $(SITEPREFIX)/man/man$(MAN*EXT).
1635 If set to 'none', no man pages will be installed.
1637 =item INSTALLSITESCRIPT
1639 Used by 'make install' which copies files from INST_SCRIPT to this
1640 directory if INSTALLDIRS is set to site (default).
1642 =item INSTALLVENDORARCH
1644 Used by 'make install', which copies files from INST_ARCHLIB to this
1645 directory if INSTALLDIRS is set to vendor.
1647 =item INSTALLVENDORBIN
1649 Used by 'make install', which copies files from INST_BIN to this
1650 directory if INSTALLDIRS is set to vendor.
1652 =item INSTALLVENDORLIB
1654 Used by 'make install', which copies files from INST_LIB to this
1655 directory if INSTALLDIRS is set to vendor.
1657 =item INSTALLVENDORMAN1DIR
1659 =item INSTALLVENDORMAN3DIR
1661 These directories get the man pages at 'make install' time if
1662 INSTALLDIRS=vendor. Defaults to $(VENDORPREFIX)/man/man$(MAN*EXT).
1664 If set to 'none', no man pages will be installed.
1666 =item INSTALLVENDORSCRIPT
1668 Used by 'make install' which copies files from INST_SCRIPT to this
1669 directory if INSTALLDIRS is set to is set to vendor.
1673 Same as INST_LIB for architecture dependent files.
1677 Directory to put real binary files during 'make'. These will be copied
1678 to INSTALLBIN during 'make install'
1682 Directory where we put library files of this extension while building
1687 Directory to hold the man pages at 'make' time
1691 Directory to hold the man pages at 'make' time
1695 Directory, where executable files should be installed during
1696 'make'. Defaults to "./blib/script", just to have a dummy location during
1697 testing. make install will copy the files in INST_SCRIPT to
1702 Program to be used to link libraries for dynamic loading.
1704 Defaults to $Config{ld}.
1708 Any special flags that might need to be passed to ld to create a
1709 shared library suitable for dynamic loading. It is up to the makefile
1710 to use it. (See L<Config/lddlflags>)
1712 Defaults to $Config{lddlflags}.
1716 Defaults to "$(OBJECT)" and is used in the ld command to specify
1717 what files to link/load from (also see dynamic_lib below for how to
1722 LIB should only be set at C<perl Makefile.PL> time but is allowed as a
1723 MakeMaker argument. It has the effect of setting both INSTALLPRIVLIB
1724 and INSTALLSITELIB to that value regardless any explicit setting of
1725 those arguments (or of PREFIX). INSTALLARCHLIB and INSTALLSITEARCH
1726 are set to the corresponding architecture subdirectory.
1730 The filename of the perllibrary that will be used together with this
1731 extension. Defaults to libperl.a.
1735 An anonymous array of alternative library
1736 specifications to be searched for (in order) until
1737 at least one library is found. E.g.
1739 'LIBS' => ["-lgdbm", "-ldbm -lfoo", "-L/path -ldbm.nfs"]
1741 Mind, that any element of the array
1742 contains a complete set of arguments for the ld
1743 command. So do not specify
1745 'LIBS' => ["-ltcl", "-ltk", "-lX11"]
1747 See ODBM_File/Makefile.PL for an example, where an array is needed. If
1748 you specify a scalar as in
1750 'LIBS' => "-ltcl -ltk -lX11"
1752 MakeMaker will turn it into an array with one element.
1756 The licensing terms of your distribution. Generally its "perl" for the
1757 same license as Perl itself.
1759 See L<Module::Build::Authoring> for the list of options.
1761 Defaults to "unknown".
1765 'static' or 'dynamic' (default unless usedl=undef in
1766 config.sh). Should only be used to force static linking (also see
1771 Variant of make you intend to run the generated Makefile with. This
1772 parameter lets Makefile.PL know what make quirks to account for when
1773 generating the Makefile.
1775 MakeMaker also honors the MAKE environment variable. This parameter
1778 Currently the only significant values are 'dmake' and 'nmake' for Windows
1781 Defaults to $Config{make}.
1785 Boolean which tells MakeMaker, that it should include the rules to
1786 make a perl. This is handled automatically as a switch by
1787 MakeMaker. The user normally does not need it.
1791 When 'make clean' or similar is run, the $(FIRST_MAKEFILE) will be
1792 backed up at this location.
1794 Defaults to $(FIRST_MAKEFILE).old or $(FIRST_MAKEFILE)_old on VMS.
1798 Hashref of pod-containing files. MakeMaker will default this to all
1799 EXE_FILES files that include POD directives. The files listed
1800 here will be converted to man pages and installed as was requested
1805 Hashref that assigns to *.pm and *.pod files the files into which the
1806 manpages are to be written. MakeMaker parses all *.pod and *.pm files
1807 for POD directives. Files that contain POD will be the default keys of
1808 the MAN3PODS hashref. These will then be converted to man pages during
1809 C<make> and will be installed during C<make install>.
1813 If it is intended, that a new perl binary be produced, this variable
1814 may hold a name for that binary. Defaults to perl
1818 If the extension links to a library that it builds set this to the
1819 name of the library (see SDBM_File)
1823 Perl module name for this extension (DBD::Oracle). This will default
1824 to the directory name but should be explicitly defined in the
1829 MakeMaker will figure out if an extension contains linkable code
1830 anywhere down the directory tree, and will set this variable
1831 accordingly, but you can speed it up a very little bit if you define
1832 this boolean variable yourself.
1836 Command so make does not print the literal commands its running.
1838 By setting it to an empty string you can generate a Makefile that
1839 prints all commands. Mainly used in debugging MakeMaker itself.
1845 Boolean. Attribute to inhibit descending into subdirectories.
1849 When true, suppresses the generation and addition to the MANIFEST of
1850 the META.yml module meta-data file during 'make distdir'.
1856 In general, any generated Makefile checks for the current version of
1857 MakeMaker and the version the Makefile was built under. If NO_VC is
1858 set, the version check is neglected. Do not write this into your
1859 Makefile.PL, use it interactively instead.
1863 List of object files, defaults to '$(BASEEXT)$(OBJ_EXT)', but can be a long
1864 string containing all object files, e.g. "tkpBind.o
1865 tkpButton.o tkpCanvas.o"
1867 (Where BASEEXT is the last component of NAME, and OBJ_EXT is $Config{obj_ext}.)
1871 Defaults to C<-O>. Set it to C<-g> to turn debugging on. The flag is
1872 passed to subdirectory makes.
1876 Perl binary for tasks that can be done by miniperl
1880 Set only when MakeMaker is building the extensions of the Perl core
1885 The call to the program that is able to compile perlmain.c. Defaults
1890 Same as for PERL_LIB, but for architecture dependent files.
1892 Used only when MakeMaker is building the extensions of the Perl core
1893 distribution (because normally $(PERL_ARCHLIB) is automatically in @INC,
1894 and adding it would get in the way of PERL5LIB).
1898 Directory containing the Perl library to use.
1900 Used only when MakeMaker is building the extensions of the Perl core
1901 distribution (because normally $(PERL_LIB) is automatically in @INC,
1902 and adding it would get in the way of PERL5LIB).
1904 =item PERL_MALLOC_OK
1906 defaults to 0. Should be set to TRUE if the extension can work with
1907 the memory allocation routines substituted by the Perl malloc() subsystem.
1908 This should be applicable to most extensions with exceptions of those
1914 with bugs in memory allocations which are caught by Perl's malloc();
1918 which interact with the memory allocator in other ways than via
1919 malloc(), realloc(), free(), calloc(), sbrk() and brk();
1923 which rely on special alignment which is not provided by Perl's malloc().
1927 B<NOTE.> Negligence to set this flag in I<any one> of loaded extension
1928 nullifies many advantages of Perl's malloc(), such as better usage of
1929 system resources, error detection, memory usage reporting, catchable failure
1930 of memory allocations, etc.
1934 Directory under which core modules are to be installed.
1936 Defaults to $Config{installprefixexp} falling back to
1937 $Config{installprefix}, $Config{prefixexp} or $Config{prefix} should
1938 $Config{installprefixexp} not exist.
1940 Overridden by PREFIX.
1944 Use this instead of $(PERL) when you wish to run perl. It will set up
1945 extra necessary flags for you.
1949 Use this instead of $(PERL) when you wish to run perl to work with
1950 modules. It will add things like -I$(INST_ARCH) and other necessary
1951 flags so perl can see the modules you're about to install.
1955 Directory containing the Perl source code (use of this should be
1956 avoided, it may be undefined)
1960 Desired permission for read/writable files. Defaults to C<644>.
1961 See also L<MM_Unix/perm_rw>.
1965 Desired permission for executable files. Defaults to C<755>.
1966 See also L<MM_Unix/perm_rwx>.
1970 MakeMaker can run programs to generate files for you at build time.
1971 By default any file named *.PL (except Makefile.PL and Build.PL) in
1972 the top level directory will be assumed to be a Perl program and run
1973 passing its own basename in as an argument. For example...
1977 This behavior can be overridden by supplying your own set of files to
1978 search. PL_FILES accepts a hash ref, the key being the file to run
1979 and the value is passed in as the first argument when the PL file is run.
1981 PL_FILES => {'bin/foobar.PL' => 'bin/foobar'}
1983 Would run bin/foobar.PL like this:
1985 perl bin/foobar.PL bin/foobar
1987 If multiple files from one program are desired an array ref can be used.
1989 PL_FILES => {'bin/foobar.PL' => [qw(bin/foobar1 bin/foobar2)]}
1991 In this case the program will be run multiple times using each target file.
1993 perl bin/foobar.PL bin/foobar1
1994 perl bin/foobar.PL bin/foobar2
1996 PL files are normally run B<after> pm_to_blib and include INST_LIB and
1997 INST_ARCH in its C<@INC> so the just built modules can be
1998 accessed... unless the PL file is making a module (or anything else in
1999 PM) in which case it is run B<before> pm_to_blib and does not include
2000 INST_LIB and INST_ARCH in its C<@INC>. This apparently odd behavior
2001 is there for backwards compatibility (and its somewhat DWIM).
2006 Hashref of .pm files and *.pl files to be installed. e.g.
2008 {'name_of_file.pm' => '$(INST_LIBDIR)/install_as.pm'}
2010 By default this will include *.pm and *.pl and the files found in
2011 the PMLIBDIRS directories. Defining PM in the
2012 Makefile.PL will override PMLIBDIRS.
2016 Ref to array of subdirectories containing library files. Defaults to
2017 [ 'lib', $(BASEEXT) ]. The directories will be scanned and I<any> files
2018 they contain will be installed in the corresponding location in the
2019 library. A libscan() method can be used to alter the behaviour.
2020 Defining PM in the Makefile.PL will override PMLIBDIRS.
2022 (Where BASEEXT is the last component of NAME.)
2026 A filter program, in the traditional Unix sense (input from stdin, output
2027 to stdout) that is passed on each .pm file during the build (in the
2028 pm_to_blib() phase). It is empty by default, meaning no filtering is done.
2030 Great care is necessary when defining the command if quoting needs to be
2031 done. For instance, you would need to say:
2033 {'PM_FILTER' => 'grep -v \\"^\\#\\"'}
2035 to remove all the leading comments on the fly during the build. The
2036 extra \\ are necessary, unfortunately, because this variable is interpolated
2037 within the context of a Perl program built on the command line, and double
2038 quotes are what is used with the -e switch to build that command line. The
2039 # is escaped for the Makefile, since what is going to be generated will then
2042 PM_FILTER = grep -v \"^\#\"
2044 Without the \\ before the #, we'd have the start of a Makefile comment,
2045 and the macro would be incorrectly defined.
2049 Release 5.005 grandfathered old global symbol names by providing preprocessor
2050 macros for extension source compatibility. As of release 5.6, these
2051 preprocessor definitions are not available by default. The POLLUTE flag
2052 specifies that the old names should still be defined:
2054 perl Makefile.PL POLLUTE=1
2056 Please inform the module author if this is necessary to successfully install
2057 a module under 5.6 or later.
2059 =item PPM_INSTALL_EXEC
2061 Name of the executable used to run C<PPM_INSTALL_SCRIPT> below. (e.g. perl)
2063 =item PPM_INSTALL_SCRIPT
2065 Name of the script that gets executed by the Perl Package Manager after
2066 the installation of a package.
2070 This overrides all the default install locations. Man pages,
2071 libraries, scripts, etc... MakeMaker will try to make an educated
2072 guess about where to place things under the new PREFIX based on your
2073 Config defaults. Failing that, it will fall back to a structure
2074 which should be sensible for your platform.
2076 If you specify LIB or any INSTALL* variables they will not be effected
2081 Bool. If this parameter is true, failing to have the required modules
2082 (or the right versions thereof) will be fatal. C<perl Makefile.PL>
2083 will C<die> instead of simply informing the user of the missing dependencies.
2085 It is I<extremely> rare to have to use C<PREREQ_FATAL>. Its use by module
2086 authors is I<strongly discouraged> and should never be used lightly.
2087 Module installation tools have ways of resolving umet dependencies but
2088 to do that they need a F<Makefile>. Using C<PREREQ_FATAL> breaks this.
2091 The only situation where it is appropriate is when you have
2092 dependencies that are indispensible to actually I<write> a
2093 F<Makefile>. For example, MakeMaker's F<Makefile.PL> needs L<File::Spec>.
2094 If its not available it cannot write the F<Makefile>.
2096 Note: see L<Test::Harness> for a shortcut for stopping tests early
2097 if you are missing dependencies and are afraid that users might
2098 use your module with an incomplete environment.
2102 Hashref: Names of modules that need to be available to run this
2103 extension (e.g. Fcntl for SDBM_File) are the keys of the hash and the
2104 desired version is the value. If the required version number is 0, we
2105 only check if any version is installed already.
2109 Bool. If this parameter is true, the prerequisites will be printed to
2110 stdout and MakeMaker will exit. The output format is an evalable hash
2121 RedHatism for C<PREREQ_PRINT>. The output format is different, though:
2123 perl(A::B)>=Vers1 perl(C::D)>=Vers2 ...
2127 Like PERLPREFIX, but only for the site install locations.
2129 Defaults to $Config{siteprefixexp}. Perls prior to 5.6.0 didn't have
2130 an explicit siteprefix in the Config. In those cases
2131 $Config{installprefix} will be used.
2133 Overridable by PREFIX
2137 When true, perform the generation and addition to the MANIFEST of the
2138 SIGNATURE file in the distdir during 'make distdir', via 'cpansign
2141 Note that you need to install the Module::Signature module to
2142 perform this operation.
2148 Arrayref. E.g. [qw(name1 name2)] skip (do not write) sections of the
2149 Makefile. Caution! Do not use the SKIP attribute for the negligible
2150 speedup. It may seriously damage the resulting Makefile. Only use it
2151 if you really need it.
2155 Ref to array of typemap file names. Use this when the typemaps are
2156 in some directory other than the current directory or when they are
2157 not named B<typemap>. The last typemap in the list takes
2158 precedence. A typemap in the current directory has highest
2159 precedence, even if it isn't listed in TYPEMAPS. The default system
2160 typemap has lowest precedence.
2164 Like PERLPREFIX, but only for the vendor install locations.
2166 Defaults to $Config{vendorprefixexp}.
2168 Overridable by PREFIX
2172 If true, make install will be verbose
2176 Your version number for distributing the package. This defaults to
2181 Instead of specifying the VERSION in the Makefile.PL you can let
2182 MakeMaker parse a file to determine the version number. The parsing
2183 routine requires that the file named by VERSION_FROM contains one
2184 single line to compute the version number. The first line in the file
2185 that contains the regular expression
2187 /([\$*])(([\w\:\']*)\bVERSION)\b.*\=/
2189 will be evaluated with eval() and the value of the named variable
2190 B<after> the eval() will be assigned to the VERSION attribute of the
2191 MakeMaker object. The following lines will be parsed o.k.:
2195 ($VERSION) = q$Revision: 41145 $ =~ /(\d+)/g;
2196 $FOO::VERSION = '1.10';
2197 *FOO::VERSION = \'1.11';
2198 our $VERSION = 1.2.3; # new for perl5.6.0
2200 but these will fail:
2202 my $VERSION = '1.01';
2203 local $VERSION = '1.02';
2204 local $FOO::VERSION = '1.30';
2206 L<version> will be loaded, if available, so this will work.
2208 our $VERSION = qv(1.2.3); # version.pm will be loaded if available
2210 Its up to you to declare a dependency on C<version>. Also note that this
2211 feature was introduced in MakeMaker 6.35. Earlier versions of MakeMaker
2215 use version; our $VERSION = qv(1.2.3);
2217 (Putting C<my> or C<local> on the preceding line will work o.k.)
2219 The file named in VERSION_FROM is not added as a dependency to
2220 Makefile. This is not really correct, but it would be a major pain
2221 during development to have to rewrite the Makefile for any smallish
2222 change in that file. If you want to make sure that the Makefile
2223 contains the correct VERSION macro after any change of the file, you
2224 would have to do something like
2226 depend => { Makefile => '$(VERSION_FROM)' }
2228 See attribute C<depend> below.
2232 A sanitized VERSION with . replaced by _. For places where . has
2233 special meaning (some filesystems, RCS labels, etc...)
2237 Hashref of .xs files. MakeMaker will default this. e.g.
2239 {'name_of_file.xs' => 'name_of_file.c'}
2241 The .c files will automatically be included in the list of files
2242 deleted by a make clean.
2246 String of options to pass to xsubpp. This might include C<-C++> or
2247 C<-extern>. Do not include typemaps here; the TYPEMAP parameter exists for
2252 May be set to an empty string, which is identical to C<-prototypes>, or
2253 C<-noprototypes>. See the xsubpp documentation for details. MakeMaker
2254 defaults to the empty string.
2258 Your version number for the .xs file of this package. This defaults
2259 to the value of the VERSION attribute.
2263 =head2 Additional lowercase attributes
2265 can be used to pass parameters to the methods which implement that
2266 part of the Makefile. Parameters are specified as a hash ref but are
2267 passed to the method as a hash.
2273 {FILES => "*.xyz foo"}
2277 {ANY_TARGET => ANY_DEPENDENCY, ...}
2279 (ANY_TARGET must not be given a double-colon rule by MakeMaker.)
2283 {TARFLAGS => 'cvfF', COMPRESS => 'gzip', SUFFIX => '.gz',
2284 SHAR => 'shar -m', DIST_CP => 'ln', ZIP => '/bin/zip',
2285 ZIPFLAGS => '-rl', DIST_DEFAULT => 'private tardist' }
2287 If you specify COMPRESS, then SUFFIX should also be altered, as it is
2288 needed to tell make the target file of the compression. Setting
2289 DIST_CP to ln can be useful, if you need to preserve the timestamps on
2290 your files. DIST_CP can take the values 'cp', which copies the file,
2291 'ln', which links the file, and 'best' which copies symbolic links and
2292 links the rest. Default is 'best'.
2296 {ARMAYBE => 'ar', OTHERLDFLAGS => '...', INST_DYNAMIC_DEP => '...'}
2300 {LINKTYPE => 'static', 'dynamic' or ''}
2302 NB: Extensions that have nothing but *.pm files had to say
2306 with Pre-5.0 MakeMakers. Since version 5.00 of MakeMaker such a line
2307 can be deleted safely. MakeMaker recognizes when there's nothing to
2312 {ANY_MACRO => ANY_VALUE, ...}
2316 Anything put here will be passed to MY::postamble() if you have one.
2320 {FILES => '$(INST_ARCHAUTODIR)/*.xyz'}
2326 =item tool_autosplit
2332 =head2 Overriding MakeMaker Methods
2334 If you cannot achieve the desired Makefile behaviour by specifying
2335 attributes you may define private subroutines in the Makefile.PL.
2336 Each subroutine returns the text it wishes to have written to
2337 the Makefile. To override a section of the Makefile you can
2340 sub MY::c_o { "new literal text" }
2342 or you can edit the default by saying something like:
2344 package MY; # so that "SUPER" works right
2346 my $inherited = shift->SUPER::c_o(@_);
2347 $inherited =~ s/old text/new text/;
2351 If you are running experiments with embedding perl as a library into
2352 other applications, you might find MakeMaker is not sufficient. You'd
2353 better have a look at ExtUtils::Embed which is a collection of utilities
2356 If you still need a different solution, try to develop another
2357 subroutine that fits your needs and submit the diffs to
2358 C<makemaker@perl.org>
2360 For a complete description of all MakeMaker methods see
2361 L<ExtUtils::MM_Unix>.
2363 Here is a simple example of how to add a new target to the generated
2367 return <<'MAKE_FRAG';
2368 $(MYEXTLIB): sdbm/Makefile
2369 cd sdbm && $(MAKE) all
2374 =head2 The End Of Cargo Cult Programming
2376 WriteMakefile() now does some basic sanity checks on its parameters to
2377 protect against typos and malformatted values. This means some things
2378 which happened to work in the past will now throw warnings and
2379 possibly produce internal errors.
2381 Some of the most common mistakes:
2385 =item C<< MAN3PODS => ' ' >>
2387 This is commonly used to suppress the creation of man pages. MAN3PODS
2388 takes a hash ref not a string, but the above worked by accident in old
2389 versions of MakeMaker.
2391 The correct code is C<< MAN3PODS => { } >>.
2396 =head2 Hintsfile support
2398 MakeMaker.pm uses the architecture specific information from
2399 Config.pm. In addition it evaluates architecture specific hints files
2400 in a C<hints/> directory. The hints files are expected to be named
2401 like their counterparts in C<PERL_SRC/hints>, but with an C<.pl> file
2402 name extension (eg. C<next_3_2.pl>). They are simply C<eval>ed by
2403 MakeMaker within the WriteMakefile() subroutine, and can be used to
2404 execute commands as well as to include special variables. The rules
2405 which hintsfile is chosen are the same as in Configure.
2407 The hintsfile is eval()ed immediately after the arguments given to
2408 WriteMakefile are stuffed into a hash reference $self but before this
2409 reference becomes blessed. So if you want to do the equivalent to
2410 override or create an attribute you would say something like
2412 $self->{LIBS} = ['-ldbm -lucb -lc'];
2414 =head2 Distribution Support
2416 For authors of extensions MakeMaker provides several Makefile
2417 targets. Most of the support comes from the ExtUtils::Manifest module,
2418 where additional documentation can be found.
2422 =item make distcheck
2424 reports which files are below the build directory but not in the
2425 MANIFEST file and vice versa. (See ExtUtils::Manifest::fullcheck() for
2428 =item make skipcheck
2430 reports which files are skipped due to the entries in the
2431 C<MANIFEST.SKIP> file (See ExtUtils::Manifest::skipcheck() for
2434 =item make distclean
2436 does a realclean first and then the distcheck. Note that this is not
2437 needed to build a new distribution as long as you are sure that the
2438 MANIFEST file is ok.
2442 rewrites the MANIFEST file, adding all remaining files found (See
2443 ExtUtils::Manifest::mkmanifest() for details)
2447 Copies all the files that are in the MANIFEST file to a newly created
2448 directory with the name C<$(DISTNAME)-$(VERSION)>. If that directory
2449 exists, it will be removed first.
2451 Additionally, it will create a META.yml module meta-data file in the
2452 distdir and add this to the distdir's MANIFEST. You can shut this
2453 behavior off with the NO_META flag.
2457 Makes a distdir first, and runs a C<perl Makefile.PL>, a make, and
2458 a make test in that directory.
2462 First does a distdir. Then a command $(PREOP) which defaults to a null
2463 command, followed by $(TO_UNIX), which defaults to a null command under
2464 UNIX, and will convert files in distribution directory to UNIX format
2465 otherwise. Next it runs C<tar> on that directory into a tarfile and
2466 deletes the directory. Finishes with a command $(POSTOP) which
2467 defaults to a null command.
2471 Defaults to $(DIST_DEFAULT) which in turn defaults to tardist.
2473 =item make uutardist
2475 Runs a tardist first and uuencodes the tarfile.
2479 First does a distdir. Then a command $(PREOP) which defaults to a null
2480 command. Next it runs C<shar> on that directory into a sharfile and
2481 deletes the intermediate directory again. Finishes with a command
2482 $(POSTOP) which defaults to a null command. Note: For shdist to work
2483 properly a C<shar> program that can handle directories is mandatory.
2487 First does a distdir. Then a command $(PREOP) which defaults to a null
2488 command. Runs C<$(ZIP) $(ZIPFLAGS)> on that directory into a
2489 zipfile. Then deletes that directory. Finishes with a command
2490 $(POSTOP) which defaults to a null command.
2494 Does a $(CI) and a $(RCS_LABEL) on all files in the MANIFEST file.
2498 Customization of the dist targets can be done by specifying a hash
2499 reference to the dist attribute of the WriteMakefile call. The
2500 following parameters are recognized:
2503 COMPRESS ('gzip --best')
2506 TO_UNIX (depends on the system)
2507 RCS_LABEL ('rcs -q -Nv$(VERSION_SYM):')
2517 WriteMakefile( 'dist' => { COMPRESS=>"bzip2", SUFFIX=>".bz2" })
2520 =head2 Module Meta-Data
2522 Long plaguing users of MakeMaker based modules has been the problem of
2523 getting basic information about the module out of the sources
2524 I<without> running the F<Makefile.PL> and doing a bunch of messy
2525 heuristics on the resulting F<Makefile>. To this end a simple module
2526 meta-data file has been introduced, F<META.yml>.
2528 F<META.yml> is a YAML document (see http://www.yaml.org) containing
2529 basic information about the module (name, version, prerequisites...)
2530 in an easy to read format. The format is developed and defined by the
2531 Module::Build developers (see
2532 http://module-build.sourceforge.net/META-spec.html)
2534 MakeMaker will automatically generate a F<META.yml> file for you and
2535 add it to your F<MANIFEST> as part of the 'distdir' target (and thus
2536 the 'dist' target). This is intended to seamlessly and rapidly
2537 populate CPAN with module meta-data. If you wish to shut this feature
2538 off, set the C<NO_META> C<WriteMakefile()> flag to true.
2541 =head2 Disabling an extension
2543 If some events detected in F<Makefile.PL> imply that there is no way
2544 to create the Module, but this is a normal state of things, then you
2545 can create a F<Makefile> which does nothing, but succeeds on all the
2546 "usual" build targets. To do so, use
2548 use ExtUtils::MakeMaker qw(WriteEmptyMakefile);
2549 WriteEmptyMakefile();
2551 instead of WriteMakefile().
2553 This may be useful if other modules expect this module to be I<built>
2554 OK, as opposed to I<work> OK (say, this system-dependent module builds
2555 in a subdirectory of some other distribution, or is listed as a
2556 dependency in a CPAN::Bundle, but the functionality is supported by
2557 different means on the current architecture).
2559 =head2 Other Handy Functions
2565 my $value = prompt($message);
2566 my $value = prompt($message, $default);
2568 The C<prompt()> function provides an easy way to request user input
2569 used to write a makefile. It displays the $message as a prompt for
2570 input. If a $default is provided it will be used as a default. The
2571 function returns the $value selected by the user.
2573 If C<prompt()> detects that it is not running interactively and there
2574 is nothing on STDIN or if the PERL_MM_USE_DEFAULT environment variable
2575 is set to true, the $default will be used without prompting. This
2576 prevents automated processes from blocking on user input.
2578 If no $default is provided an empty string will be used instead.
2589 Command line options used by C<MakeMaker-E<gt>new()>, and thus by
2590 C<WriteMakefile()>. The string is split on whitespace, and the result
2591 is processed before any actual command line arguments are processed.
2593 =item PERL_MM_USE_DEFAULT
2595 If set to a true value then MakeMaker's prompt function will
2596 always return the default without waiting for user input.
2600 Same as the PERL_CORE parameter. The parameter overrides this.
2606 L<Module::Build> is a pure-Perl alternative to MakeMaker which does
2607 not rely on make or any other external utility. It is easier to
2608 extend to suit your needs.
2610 L<Module::Install> is a wrapper around MakeMaker which adds features
2611 not normally available.
2613 L<ExtUtils::ModuleMaker> and L<Module::Starter> are both modules to
2614 help you setup your distribution.
2618 Andy Dougherty C<doughera@lafayette.edu>, Andreas KE<ouml>nig
2619 C<andreas.koenig@mind.de>, Tim Bunce C<timb@cpan.org>. VMS
2620 support by Charles Bailey C<bailey@newman.upenn.edu>. OS/2 support
2621 by Ilya Zakharevich C<ilya@math.ohio-state.edu>.
2623 Currently maintained by Michael G Schwern C<schwern@pobox.com>
2625 Send patches and ideas to C<makemaker@perl.org>.
2627 Send bug reports via http://rt.cpan.org/. Please send your
2628 generated Makefile along with your report.
2630 For more up-to-date information, see L<http://www.makemaker.org>.
2634 This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
2635 modify it under the same terms as Perl itself.
2637 See L<http://www.perl.com/perl/misc/Artistic.html>