1 BEGIN {require 5.002;} # MakeMaker 5.17 was the last MakeMaker that was compatible with perl5.001m
3 package ExtUtils::MakeMaker;
5 $Version = $VERSION = "5.4002";
6 $Version_OK = "5.17"; # Makefiles older than $Version_OK will die
7 # (Will be checked from MakeMaker version 4.13 onwards)
8 ($Revision = substr(q$Revision: 1.211 $, 10)) =~ s/\s+$//;
19 @ISA @EXPORT @EXPORT_OK $AUTOLOAD
20 $ISA_TTY $Is_Mac $Is_OS2 $Is_VMS $Revision $Setup_done
21 $VERSION $Verbose $Version_OK %Config %Keep_after_flush
22 %MM_Sections %Prepend_dot_dot %Recognized_Att_Keys
23 @Get_from_Config @MM_Sections @Overridable @Parent
28 # &DynaLoader::mod2fname should be available to miniperl, thus
29 # should be a pseudo-builtin (cmp. os2.c).
30 #eval {require DynaLoader;};
33 # Set up the inheritance before we pull in the MM_* packages, because they
34 # import variables and functions from here
37 @EXPORT = qw(&WriteMakefile &writeMakefile $Verbose &prompt);
38 @EXPORT_OK = qw($VERSION &Version_check &neatvalue &mkbootstrap &mksymlists
40 # $Version in mixed case will go away!
43 # Dummy package MM inherits actual methods from OS-specific
44 # default packages. We use this intermediate package so
45 # MY::XYZ->func() can call MM->func() and get the proper
46 # default routine without having to know under what OS
49 @MM::ISA = qw[ExtUtils::MM_Unix ExtUtils::Liblist ExtUtils::MakeMaker];
52 # Setup dummy package:
53 # MY exists for overriding methods to be defined within
58 ### sub AUTOLOAD { use Devel::Symdump; print Devel::Symdump->rnew->as_string; Carp::confess "hey why? $AUTOLOAD" }
63 # "predeclare the package: we only load it via AUTOLOAD
64 # but we have already mentioned it in @ISA
65 package ExtUtils::Liblist;
67 package ExtUtils::MakeMaker;
69 # Now we can pull in the friends
71 $Is_VMS = $^O eq 'VMS';
72 $Is_OS2 = $^O eq 'os2';
73 $Is_Mac = $^O eq 'MacOS';
74 $Is_Win32 = $^O eq 'MSWin32';
76 require ExtUtils::MM_Unix;
79 require ExtUtils::MM_VMS;
80 require VMS::Filespec; # is a noop as long as we require it within MM_VMS
83 require ExtUtils::MM_OS2;
86 require ExtUtils::MM_Mac;
89 require ExtUtils::MM_Win32;
92 # The SelfLoader would bring a lot of overhead for MakeMaker, because
93 # we know for sure we will use most of the autoloaded functions once
94 # we have to use one of them. So we write our own loader
98 if (defined fileno(DATA)) {
100 my $o = $/; # For future reads from the file.
112 warn "AUTOLOAD called unexpectedly for $AUTOLOAD";
114 defined(&$AUTOLOAD) or die "Myloader inconsistency error";
118 # The only subroutine we do not SelfLoad is Version_Check because it's
119 # called so often. Loading this minimum still requires 1.2 secs on my
123 my($checkversion) = @_;
124 die "Your Makefile was built with ExtUtils::MakeMaker v $checkversion.
125 Current Version is $ExtUtils::MakeMaker::VERSION. There have been considerable
126 changes in the meantime.
127 Please rerun 'perl Makefile.PL' to regenerate the Makefile.\n"
128 if $checkversion < $Version_OK;
129 printf STDOUT "%s %s %s %s.\n", "Makefile built with ExtUtils::MakeMaker v",
130 $checkversion, "Current Version is", $VERSION
131 unless $checkversion == $VERSION;
135 $_[0] =~ /^Use of uninitialized value/ && return;
136 $_[0] =~ /used only once/ && return;
137 $_[0] =~ /^Subroutine\s+[\w:]+\s+redefined/ && return;
141 sub ExtUtils::MakeMaker::eval_in_subdirs ;
142 sub ExtUtils::MakeMaker::eval_in_x ;
143 sub ExtUtils::MakeMaker::full_setup ;
144 sub ExtUtils::MakeMaker::writeMakefile ;
145 sub ExtUtils::MakeMaker::new ;
146 sub ExtUtils::MakeMaker::check_manifest ;
147 sub ExtUtils::MakeMaker::parse_args ;
148 sub ExtUtils::MakeMaker::check_hints ;
149 sub ExtUtils::MakeMaker::mv_all_methods ;
150 sub ExtUtils::MakeMaker::skipcheck ;
151 sub ExtUtils::MakeMaker::flush ;
152 sub ExtUtils::MakeMaker::mkbootstrap ;
153 sub ExtUtils::MakeMaker::mksymlists ;
154 sub ExtUtils::MakeMaker::neatvalue ;
155 sub ExtUtils::MakeMaker::selfdocument ;
156 sub ExtUtils::MakeMaker::WriteMakefile ;
157 sub ExtUtils::MakeMaker::prompt ($;$) ;
163 package ExtUtils::MakeMaker;
166 Carp::croak "WriteMakefile: Need even number of args" if @_ % 2;
167 local $SIG{__WARN__} = \&warnhandler;
169 unless ($Setup_done++){
171 undef &ExtUtils::MakeMaker::full_setup; #safe memory
174 MM->new(\%att)->flush;
179 $ISA_TTY = -t STDIN && -t STDOUT ;
180 Carp::confess("prompt function called without an argument") unless defined $mess;
181 my $dispdef = defined $def ? "[$def] " : " ";
182 $def = defined $def ? $def : "";
186 print "$mess $dispdef";
187 chomp($ans = <STDIN>);
192 sub eval_in_subdirs {
198 foreach $dir (@{$self->{DIR}}){
199 my($abs) = $self->catdir($pwd,$dir);
200 $self->eval_in_x($abs);
208 chdir $dir or Carp::carp("Couldn't change to directory $dir: $!");
210 # my $fh = new FileHandle;
211 # $fh->open("Makefile.PL") or Carp::carp("Couldn't open Makefile.PL in $dir");
213 open(FH,"Makefile.PL") or Carp::carp("Couldn't open Makefile.PL in $dir");
214 # my $eval = join "", <$fh>;
215 my $eval = join "", <FH>;
220 # if ($@ =~ /prerequisites/) {
221 # die "MakeMaker WARNING: $@";
223 # warn "WARNING from evaluation of $dir/Makefile.PL: $@";
225 warn "WARNING from evaluation of $dir/Makefile.PL: $@";
233 # package name for the classes into which the first object will be blessed
234 $PACKNAME = "PACK000";
238 C CCFLAGS CONFIG CONFIGURE DEFINE DIR DISTNAME DL_FUNCS DL_VARS
239 EXE_FILES EXCLUDE_EXT INCLUDE_EXT NO_VC FIRST_MAKEFILE FULLPERL H
240 INC INSTALLARCHLIB INSTALLBIN INSTALLDIRS INSTALLMAN1DIR
241 INSTALLMAN3DIR INSTALLPRIVLIB INSTALLSCRIPT INSTALLSITEARCH
242 INSTALLSITELIB INST_ARCHLIB INST_BIN INST_EXE INST_LIB
243 INST_MAN1DIR INST_MAN3DIR INST_SCRIPT LDFROM LIBPERL_A LIB LIBS
244 LINKTYPE MAKEAPERL MAKEFILE MAN1PODS MAN3PODS MAP_TARGET MYEXTLIB
245 NAME NEEDS_LINKING NOECHO NORECURS OBJECT OPTIMIZE PERL PERLMAINCC
246 PERL_ARCHLIB PERL_LIB PERL_SRC PL_FILES PM PMLIBDIRS PREFIX
247 PREREQ_PM SKIP TYPEMAPS VERSION VERSION_FROM XS XSOPT XSPROTOARG
248 XS_VERSION clean depend dist dynamic_lib linkext macro realclean
256 # IMPORTS is used under OS/2
258 # ^^^ installpm is deprecated, will go about Summer 96
260 # @Overridable is close to @MM_Sections but not identical. The
261 # order is important. Many subroutines declare macros. These
262 # depend on each other. Let's try to collect the macros up front,
263 # then pasthru, then the rules.
265 # MM_Sections are the sections we have to call explicitly
266 # in Overridable we have subroutines that are used indirectly
272 post_initialize const_config constants tool_autosplit tool_xsubpp
273 tools_other dist macro depend cflags const_loadlibs const_cccmd
278 c_o xs_c xs_o top_targets linkext dlsyms dynamic dynamic_bs
279 dynamic_lib static static_lib manifypods processPL installbin subdirs
280 clean realclean dist_basics dist_core dist_dir dist_test dist_ci
281 install force perldepend makefile staticmake test
283 ); # loses section ordering
285 @Overridable = @MM_Sections;
286 push @Overridable, qw[
288 dir_target libscan makeaperl needs_linking subdir_x test_via_harness
293 push @MM_Sections, qw[
295 pm_to_blib selfdocument
299 # Postamble needs to be the last that was always the case
300 push @MM_Sections, "postamble";
301 push @Overridable, "postamble";
303 # All sections are valid keys.
304 @Recognized_Att_Keys{@MM_Sections} = (1) x @MM_Sections;
306 # we will use all these variables in the Makefile
309 ar cc cccdlflags ccdlflags dlext dlsrc ld lddlflags ldflags libc
310 lib_ext obj_ext ranlib sitelibexp sitearchexp so exe_ext
314 foreach $item (@Attrib_help){
315 $Recognized_Att_Keys{$item} = 1;
317 foreach $item (@Get_from_Config) {
318 $Recognized_Att_Keys{uc $item} = $Config{$item};
319 print "Attribute '\U$item\E' => '$Config{$item}'\n"
324 # When we eval a Makefile.PL in a subdirectory, that one will ask
325 # us (the parent) for the values and will prepend "..", so that
326 # all files to be installed end up below OUR ./blib
331 INST_BIN 1 INST_EXE 1 INST_LIB 1 INST_ARCHLIB 1 INST_SCRIPT
332 1 MAP_TARGET 1 INST_MAN1DIR 1 INST_MAN3DIR 1 PERL_SRC 1
338 NEEDS_LINKING HAS_LINK_CODE
340 @Keep_after_flush{@keep} = (1) x @keep;
346 The extension you are trying to build apparently is rather old and
347 most probably outdated. We detect that from the fact, that a
348 subroutine "writeMakefile" is called, and this subroutine is not
349 supported anymore since about October 1994.
351 Please contact the author or look into CPAN (details about CPAN can be
352 found in the FAQ and at http:/www.perl.com) for a more recent version
353 of the extension. If you're really desperate, you can try to change
354 the subroutine name from writeMakefile to WriteMakefile and rerun
355 'perl Makefile.PL', but you're most probably left alone, when you do
363 sub ExtUtils::MakeMaker::new {
364 my($class,$self) = @_;
367 print STDOUT "MakeMaker (v$VERSION)\n" if $Verbose;
368 if (-f "MANIFEST" && ! -f "Makefile"){
372 $self = {} unless (defined $self);
376 my(%initial_att) = %$self; # record initial attributes
379 foreach $prereq (sort keys %{$self->{PREREQ_PM}}) {
380 my $eval = "use $prereq $self->{PREREQ_PM}->{$prereq}";
383 warn "Warning: prerequisite $prereq $self->{PREREQ_PM}->{$prereq} not found";
385 delete $self->{PREREQ_PM}{$prereq};
389 # unless (defined $ExtUtils::MakeMaker::useCPAN) {
390 # print qq{MakeMaker WARNING: prerequisites not found (@unsatisfied)
391 # Please install these modules first and rerun 'perl Makefile.PL'.\n};
392 # if ($ExtUtils::MakeMaker::hasCPAN) {
393 # $ExtUtils::MakeMaker::useCPAN = prompt(qq{Should I try to use the CPAN module to fetch them for you?},"yes");
395 # print qq{Hint: You may want to install the CPAN module to autofetch the needed modules\n};
396 # $ExtUtils::MakeMaker::useCPAN=0;
399 # if ($ExtUtils::MakeMaker::useCPAN) {
401 # CPAN->import(@unsatisfied);
403 # die qq{prerequisites not found (@unsatisfied)};
405 # warn qq{WARNING: prerequisites not found (@unsatisfied)};
408 if (defined $self->{CONFIGURE}) {
409 if (ref $self->{CONFIGURE} eq 'CODE') {
410 $self = { %$self, %{&{$self->{CONFIGURE}}}};
412 Carp::croak "Attribute 'CONFIGURE' to WriteMakefile() not a code reference\n";
416 # This is for old Makefiles written pre 5.00, will go away
417 if ( Carp::longmess("") =~ /runsubdirpl/s ){
418 Carp::carp("WARNING: Please rerun 'perl Makefile.PL' to regenerate your Makefiles\n");
421 my $newclass = ++$PACKNAME;
424 print "Blessing Object into class [$newclass]\n" if $Verbose>=2;
425 mv_all_methods("MY",$newclass);
426 bless $self, $newclass;
428 @{"$newclass\:\:ISA"} = 'MM';
431 if (defined $Parent[-2]){
432 $self->{PARENT} = $Parent[-2];
434 for $key (keys %Prepend_dot_dot) {
435 next unless defined $self->{PARENT}{$key};
436 $self->{$key} = $self->{PARENT}{$key};
437 # PERL and FULLPERL may be command verbs instead of full
438 # file specifications under VMS. If so, don't turn them
440 $self->{$key} = $self->catdir("..",$self->{$key})
441 unless $self->file_name_is_absolute($self->{$key})
442 || ($^O eq 'VMS' and ($key =~ /PERL$/ && $self->{$key} =~ /^[\w\-\$]+$/));
444 $self->{PARENT}->{CHILDREN}->{$newclass} = $self if $self->{PARENT};
446 parse_args($self,@ARGV);
449 $self->{NAME} ||= $self->guess_name;
451 ($self->{NAME_SYM} = $self->{NAME}) =~ s/\W+/_/g;
455 if (! $self->{PERL_SRC} ) {
456 my($pthinks) = $self->canonpath($INC{'Config.pm'});
457 $pthinks = VMS::Filespec::vmsify($pthinks) if $Is_VMS;
458 if ($pthinks ne $self->catfile($Config{archlibexp},'Config.pm')){
459 print "Have $pthinks expected ",$self->catfile($Config{archlibexp},'Config.pm'),"\n";
460 $pthinks =~ s!/Config\.pm$!!;
463 Your perl and your Config.pm seem to have different ideas about the architecture
465 Perl thinks: [$pthinks]
466 Config says: [$Config{archname}]
467 This may or may not cause problems. Please check your installation of perl if you
468 have problems building this extension.
473 $self->init_dirscan();
474 $self->init_others();
476 push @{$self->{RESULT}}, <<END;
477 # This Makefile is for the $self->{NAME} extension to perl.
479 # It was generated automatically by MakeMaker version
480 # $VERSION (Revision: $Revision) from the contents of
481 # Makefile.PL. Don't edit this file, edit Makefile.PL instead.
483 # ANY CHANGES MADE HERE WILL BE LOST!
485 # MakeMaker Parameters:
488 foreach $key (sort keys %initial_att){
489 my($v) = neatvalue($initial_att{$key});
490 $v =~ s/(CODE|HASH|ARRAY|SCALAR)\([\dxa-f]+\)/$1\(...\)/;
492 push @{$self->{RESULT}}, "# $key => $v";
495 # turn the SKIP array into a SKIPHASH hash
497 for $skip (@{$self->{SKIP} || []}) {
498 $self->{SKIPHASH}{$skip} = 1;
500 delete $self->{SKIP}; # free memory
502 if ($self->{PARENT}) {
503 for (qw/install dist dist_basics dist_core dist_dir dist_test dist_ci/) {
504 $self->{SKIPHASH}{$_} = 1;
508 # We run all the subdirectories now. They don't have much to query
509 # from the parent, but the parent has to query them: if they need linking!
510 unless ($self->{NORECURS}) {
511 $self->eval_in_subdirs if @{$self->{DIR}};
515 foreach $section ( @MM_Sections ){
516 print "Processing Makefile '$section' section\n" if ($Verbose >= 2);
517 my($skipit) = $self->skipcheck($section);
519 push @{$self->{RESULT}}, "\n# --- MakeMaker $section section $skipit.";
521 my(%a) = %{$self->{$section} || {}};
522 push @{$self->{RESULT}}, "\n# --- MakeMaker $section section:";
523 push @{$self->{RESULT}}, "# " . join ", ", %a if $Verbose && %a;
524 push @{$self->{RESULT}}, $self->nicetext($self->$section( %a ));
528 push @{$self->{RESULT}}, "\n# End.";
535 print STDOUT "Checking if your kit is complete...\n";
536 require ExtUtils::Manifest;
537 $ExtUtils::Manifest::Quiet=$ExtUtils::Manifest::Quiet=1; #avoid warning
538 my(@missed)=ExtUtils::Manifest::manicheck();
540 print STDOUT "Warning: the following files are missing in your kit:\n";
541 print "\t", join "\n\t", @missed;
543 print STDOUT "Please inform the author.\n";
545 print STDOUT "Looks good\n";
550 my($self, @args) = @_;
552 unless (m/(.*?)=(.*)/){
553 help(),exit 1 if m/^help$/;
554 ++$Verbose if m/^verb/;
557 my($name, $value) = ($1, $2);
558 if ($value =~ m/^~(\w+)?/){ # tilde with optional username
559 $value =~ s [^~(\w*)]
561 ((getpwnam($1))[7] || "~$1") :
565 $self->{uc($name)} = $value;
568 # catch old-style 'potential_libs' and inform user how to 'upgrade'
569 if (defined $self->{potential_libs}){
570 my($msg)="'potential_libs' => '$self->{potential_libs}' should be";
571 if ($self->{potential_libs}){
572 print STDOUT "$msg changed to:\n\t'LIBS' => ['$self->{potential_libs}']\n";
574 print STDOUT "$msg deleted.\n";
576 $self->{LIBS} = [$self->{potential_libs}];
577 delete $self->{potential_libs};
579 # catch old-style 'ARMAYBE' and inform user how to 'upgrade'
580 if (defined $self->{ARMAYBE}){
581 my($armaybe) = $self->{ARMAYBE};
582 print STDOUT "ARMAYBE => '$armaybe' should be changed to:\n",
583 "\t'dynamic_lib' => {ARMAYBE => '$armaybe'}\n";
584 my(%dl) = %{$self->{dynamic_lib} || {}};
585 $self->{dynamic_lib} = { %dl, ARMAYBE => $armaybe};
586 delete $self->{ARMAYBE};
588 if (defined $self->{LDTARGET}){
589 print STDOUT "LDTARGET should be changed to LDFROM\n";
590 $self->{LDFROM} = $self->{LDTARGET};
591 delete $self->{LDTARGET};
593 # Turn a DIR argument on the command line into an array
594 if (defined $self->{DIR} && ref \$self->{DIR} eq 'SCALAR') {
595 # So they can choose from the command line, which extensions they want
596 # the grep enables them to have some colons too much in case they
597 # have to build a list with the shell
598 $self->{DIR} = [grep $_, split ":", $self->{DIR}];
600 # Turn a INCLUDE_EXT argument on the command line into an array
601 if (defined $self->{INCLUDE_EXT} && ref \$self->{INCLUDE_EXT} eq 'SCALAR') {
602 $self->{INCLUDE_EXT} = [grep $_, split '\s+', $self->{INCLUDE_EXT}];
604 # Turn a EXCLUDE_EXT argument on the command line into an array
605 if (defined $self->{EXCLUDE_EXT} && ref \$self->{EXCLUDE_EXT} eq 'SCALAR') {
606 $self->{EXCLUDE_EXT} = [grep $_, split '\s+', $self->{EXCLUDE_EXT}];
609 foreach $mmkey (sort keys %$self){
610 print STDOUT " $mmkey => ", neatvalue($self->{$mmkey}), "\n" if $Verbose;
611 print STDOUT "'$mmkey' is not a known MakeMaker parameter name.\n"
612 unless exists $Recognized_Att_Keys{$mmkey};
619 # We allow extension-specific hints files.
621 return unless -d "hints";
623 # First we look for the best hintsfile we have
625 my($hint)="${^O}_$Config{osvers}";
630 # Also try without trailing minor version numbers.
632 last if -f "hints/$hint.pl"; # found
634 last unless $hint =~ s/_[^_]*$//; # nothing to cut off
636 return unless -f "hints/$hint.pl"; # really there
638 # execute the hintsfile:
640 # my $fh = new FileHandle;
641 # $fh->open("hints/$hint.pl");
643 open(FH,"hints/$hint.pl");
644 # @goodhints = <$fh>;
648 print STDOUT "Processing hints file hints/$hint.pl\n";
649 eval join('',@goodhints);
650 print STDOUT $@ if $@;
656 my($symtab) = \%{"${from}::"};
659 # Here you see the *current* list of methods that are overridable
660 # from Makefile.PL via MY:: subroutines. As of VERSION 5.07 I'm
661 # still trying to reduce the list to some reasonable minimum --
662 # because I want to make it easier for the user. A.K.
664 foreach $method (@Overridable) {
666 # We cannot say "next" here. Nick might call MY->makeaperl
667 # which isn't defined right now
669 # Above statement was written at 4.23 time when Tk-b8 was
670 # around. As Tk-b9 only builds with 5.002something and MM 5 is
671 # standard, we try to enable the next line again. It was
672 # commented out until MM 5.23
674 next unless defined &{"${from}::$method"};
676 *{"${to}::$method"} = \&{"${from}::$method"};
678 # delete would do, if we were sure, nobody ever called
679 # MY->makeaperl directly
681 # delete $symtab->{$method};
683 # If we delete a method, then it will be undefined and cannot
684 # be called. But as long as we have Makefile.PLs that rely on
685 # %MY:: being intact, we have to fill the hole with an
688 eval "package MY; sub $method { shift->SUPER::$method(\@_); }";
691 # We have to clean out %INC also, because the current directory is
692 # changed frequently and Graham Barr prefers to get his version
693 # out of a History.pl file which is "required" so woudn't get
694 # loaded again in another extension requiring a History.pl
696 # With perl5.002_01 the deletion of entries in %INC caused Tk-b11
697 # to core dump in the middle of a require statement. The required
698 # file was Tk/MMutil.pm. The consequence is, we have to be
699 # extremely careful when we try to give perl a reason to reload a
700 # library with same name. The workaround prefers to drop nothing
701 # from %INC and teach the writers not to use such libraries.
704 # foreach $inc (keys %INC) {
705 # #warn "***$inc*** deleted";
713 if ($section eq 'dynamic') {
714 print STDOUT "Warning (non-fatal): Target 'dynamic' depends on targets ",
715 "in skipped section 'dynamic_bs'\n"
716 if $self->{SKIPHASH}{dynamic_bs} && $Verbose;
717 print STDOUT "Warning (non-fatal): Target 'dynamic' depends on targets ",
718 "in skipped section 'dynamic_lib'\n"
719 if $self->{SKIPHASH}{dynamic_lib} && $Verbose;
721 if ($section eq 'dynamic_lib') {
722 print STDOUT "Warning (non-fatal): Target '\$(INST_DYNAMIC)' depends on ",
723 "targets in skipped section 'dynamic_bs'\n"
724 if $self->{SKIPHASH}{dynamic_bs} && $Verbose;
726 if ($section eq 'static') {
727 print STDOUT "Warning (non-fatal): Target 'static' depends on targets ",
728 "in skipped section 'static_lib'\n"
729 if $self->{SKIPHASH}{static_lib} && $Verbose;
731 return 'skipped' if $self->{SKIPHASH}{$section};
739 # my $fh = new FileHandle;
741 print STDOUT "Writing $self->{MAKEFILE} for $self->{NAME}\n";
743 unlink($self->{MAKEFILE}, "MakeMaker.tmp", $Is_VMS ? 'Descrip.MMS' : '');
744 # $fh->open(">MakeMaker.tmp") or die "Unable to open MakeMaker.tmp: $!";
745 open(FH,">MakeMaker.tmp") or die "Unable to open MakeMaker.tmp: $!";
747 for $chunk (@{$self->{RESULT}}) {
748 # print $fh "$chunk\n";
754 my($finalname) = $self->{MAKEFILE};
755 rename("MakeMaker.tmp", $finalname);
756 chmod 0644, $finalname unless $Is_VMS;
758 if ($self->{PARENT}) {
759 foreach (keys %$self) { # safe memory
760 delete $self->{$_} unless $Keep_after_flush{$_};
764 system("$Config::Config{eunicefix} $finalname") unless $Config::Config{eunicefix} eq ":";
767 # The following mkbootstrap() is only for installations that are calling
768 # the pre-4.1 mkbootstrap() from their old Makefiles. This MakeMaker
769 # writes Makefiles, that use ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap directly.
772 !!! Your Makefile has been built such a long time ago, !!!
773 !!! that is unlikely to work with current MakeMaker. !!!
774 !!! Please rebuild your Makefile !!!
778 # Ditto for mksymlists() as of MakeMaker 5.17
781 !!! Your Makefile has been built such a long time ago, !!!
782 !!! that is unlikely to work with current MakeMaker. !!!
783 !!! Please rebuild your Makefile !!!
789 return "undef" unless defined $v;
791 return "q[$v]" unless $t;
793 my(@m, $elem, @neat);
795 foreach $elem (@$v) {
796 push @neat, "q[$elem]";
798 push @m, join ", ", @neat;
802 return "$v" unless $t eq 'HASH';
804 while (($key,$val) = each %$v){
805 last unless defined $key; # cautious programming in case (undef,undef) is true
806 push(@m,"$key=>".neatvalue($val)) ;
808 return "{ ".join(', ',@m)." }";
815 push @m, "\n# Full list of MakeMaker attribute values:";
816 foreach $key (sort keys %$self){
817 next if $key eq 'RESULT' || $key =~ /^[A-Z][a-z]/;
818 my($v) = neatvalue($self->{$key});
819 $v =~ s/(CODE|HASH|ARRAY|SCALAR)\([\dxa-f]+\)/$1\(...\)/;
821 push @m, "# $key => $v";
827 package ExtUtils::MakeMaker;
834 ExtUtils::MakeMaker - create an extension Makefile
838 C<use ExtUtils::MakeMaker;>
840 C<WriteMakefile( ATTRIBUTE =E<gt> VALUE [, ...] );>
844 C<MM-E<gt>new(\%att)-E<gt>flush;>
848 This utility is designed to write a Makefile for an extension module
849 from a Makefile.PL. It is based on the Makefile.SH model provided by
850 Andy Dougherty and the perl5-porters.
852 It splits the task of generating the Makefile into several subroutines
853 that can be individually overridden. Each subroutine returns the text
854 it wishes to have written to the Makefile.
856 MakeMaker is object oriented. Each directory below the current
857 directory that contains a Makefile.PL. Is treated as a separate
858 object. This makes it possible to write an unlimited number of
859 Makefiles with a single invocation of WriteMakefile().
861 =head2 How To Write A Makefile.PL
863 The short answer is: Don't.
865 Always begin with h2xs.
866 Always begin with h2xs!
867 ALWAYS BEGIN WITH H2XS!
869 even if you're not building around a header file, and even if you
870 don't have an XS component.
872 Run h2xs(1) before you start thinking about writing a module. For so
873 called pm-only modules that consist of C<*.pm> files only, h2xs has
874 the C<-X> switch. This will generate dummy files of all kinds that are
875 useful for the module developer.
877 The medium answer is:
879 use ExtUtils::MakeMaker;
880 WriteMakefile( NAME => "Foo::Bar" );
882 The long answer is the rest of the manpage :-)
884 =head2 Default Makefile Behaviour
886 The generated Makefile enables the user of the extension to invoke
888 perl Makefile.PL # optionally "perl Makefile.PL verbose"
890 make test # optionally set TEST_VERBOSE=1
891 make install # See below
893 The Makefile to be produced may be altered by adding arguments of the
894 form C<KEY=VALUE>. E.g.
896 perl Makefile.PL PREFIX=/tmp/myperl5
898 Other interesting targets in the generated Makefile are
900 make config # to check if the Makefile is up-to-date
901 make clean # delete local temp files (Makefile gets renamed)
902 make realclean # delete derived files (including ./blib)
903 make ci # check in all the files in the MANIFEST file
904 make dist # see below the Distribution Support section
908 MakeMaker checks for the existence of a file named F<test.pl> in the
909 current directory and if it exists it adds commands to the test target
910 of the generated Makefile that will execute the script with the proper
911 set of perl C<-I> options.
913 MakeMaker also checks for any files matching glob("t/*.t"). It will
914 add commands to the test target of the generated Makefile that execute
915 all matching files via the L<Test::Harness> module with the C<-I>
916 switches set correctly.
920 A useful variation of the above is the target C<testdb>. It runs the
921 test under the Perl debugger (see L<perldebug>). If the file
922 F<test.pl> exists in the current directory, it is used for the test.
924 If you want to debug some other testfile, set C<TEST_FILE> variable
927 make testdb TEST_FILE=t/mytest.t
929 By default the debugger is called using C<-d> option to perl. If you
930 want to specify some other option, set C<TESTDB_SW> variable:
932 make testdb TESTDB_SW=-Dx
936 make alone puts all relevant files into directories that are named by
937 the macros INST_LIB, INST_ARCHLIB, INST_SCRIPT, INST_MAN1DIR, and
938 INST_MAN3DIR. All these default to something below ./blib if you are
939 I<not> building below the perl source directory. If you I<are>
940 building below the perl source, INST_LIB and INST_ARCHLIB default to
941 ../../lib, and INST_SCRIPT is not defined.
943 The I<install> target of the generated Makefile copies the files found
944 below each of the INST_* directories to their INSTALL*
945 counterparts. Which counterparts are chosen depends on the setting of
946 INSTALLDIRS according to the following table:
951 INST_ARCHLIB INSTALLARCHLIB INSTALLSITEARCH
952 INST_LIB INSTALLPRIVLIB INSTALLSITELIB
954 INST_SCRIPT INSTALLSCRIPT
955 INST_MAN1DIR INSTALLMAN1DIR
956 INST_MAN3DIR INSTALLMAN3DIR
958 The INSTALL... macros in turn default to their %Config
959 ($Config{installprivlib}, $Config{installarchlib}, etc.) counterparts.
961 You can check the values of these variables on your system with
965 And to check the sequence in which the library directories are
966 searched by perl, run
968 perl -le 'print join $/, @INC'
971 =head2 PREFIX and LIB attribute
973 PREFIX and LIB can be used to set several INSTALL* attributes in one
974 go. The quickest way to install a module in a non-standard place might
977 perl Makefile.PL LIB=~/lib
979 This will install the module's architecture-independent files into
980 ~/lib, the architecture-dependent files into ~/lib/$archname/auto.
982 Another way to specify many INSTALL directories with a single
985 perl Makefile.PL PREFIX=~
987 This will replace the string specified by $Config{prefix} in all
988 $Config{install*} values.
990 Note, that in both cases the tilde expansion is done by MakeMaker, not
991 by perl by default, nor by make. Conflicts between parmeters LIB,
992 PREFIX and the various INSTALL* arguments are resolved so that
995 If the user has superuser privileges, and is not working on AFS
996 (Andrew File System) or relatives, then the defaults for
997 INSTALLPRIVLIB, INSTALLARCHLIB, INSTALLSCRIPT, etc. will be appropriate,
998 and this incantation will be the best:
1000 perl Makefile.PL; make; make test
1003 make install per default writes some documentation of what has been
1004 done into the file C<$(INSTALLARCHLIB)/perllocal.pod>. This feature
1005 can be bypassed by calling make pure_install.
1009 will have to specify the installation directories as these most
1010 probably have changed since perl itself has been installed. They will
1011 have to do this by calling
1013 perl Makefile.PL INSTALLSITELIB=/afs/here/today \
1014 INSTALLSCRIPT=/afs/there/now INSTALLMAN3DIR=/afs/for/manpages
1017 Be careful to repeat this procedure every time you recompile an
1018 extension, unless you are sure the AFS installation directories are
1021 =head2 Static Linking of a new Perl Binary
1023 An extension that is built with the above steps is ready to use on
1024 systems supporting dynamic loading. On systems that do not support
1025 dynamic loading, any newly created extension has to be linked together
1026 with the available resources. MakeMaker supports the linking process
1027 by creating appropriate targets in the Makefile whenever an extension
1028 is built. You can invoke the corresponding section of the makefile with
1032 That produces a new perl binary in the current directory with all
1033 extensions linked in that can be found in INST_ARCHLIB , SITELIBEXP,
1034 and PERL_ARCHLIB. To do that, MakeMaker writes a new Makefile, on
1035 UNIX, this is called Makefile.aperl (may be system dependent). If you
1036 want to force the creation of a new perl, it is recommended, that you
1037 delete this Makefile.aperl, so the directories are searched-through
1038 for linkable libraries again.
1040 The binary can be installed into the directory where perl normally
1041 resides on your machine with
1045 To produce a perl binary with a different name than C<perl>, either say
1047 perl Makefile.PL MAP_TARGET=myperl
1054 make myperl MAP_TARGET=myperl
1055 make inst_perl MAP_TARGET=myperl
1057 In any case you will be prompted with the correct invocation of the
1058 C<inst_perl> target that installs the new binary into INSTALLBIN.
1060 make inst_perl per default writes some documentation of what has been
1061 done into the file C<$(INSTALLARCHLIB)/perllocal.pod>. This
1062 can be bypassed by calling make pure_inst_perl.
1064 Warning: the inst_perl: target will most probably overwrite your
1065 existing perl binary. Use with care!
1067 Sometimes you might want to build a statically linked perl although
1068 your system supports dynamic loading. In this case you may explicitly
1069 set the linktype with the invocation of the Makefile.PL or make:
1071 perl Makefile.PL LINKTYPE=static # recommended
1075 make LINKTYPE=static # works on most systems
1077 =head2 Determination of Perl Library and Installation Locations
1079 MakeMaker needs to know, or to guess, where certain things are
1080 located. Especially INST_LIB and INST_ARCHLIB (where to put the files
1081 during the make(1) run), PERL_LIB and PERL_ARCHLIB (where to read
1082 existing modules from), and PERL_INC (header files and C<libperl*.*>).
1084 Extensions may be built either using the contents of the perl source
1085 directory tree or from the installed perl library. The recommended way
1086 is to build extensions after you have run 'make install' on perl
1087 itself. You can do that in any directory on your hard disk that is not
1088 below the perl source tree. The support for extensions below the ext
1089 directory of the perl distribution is only good for the standard
1090 extensions that come with perl.
1092 If an extension is being built below the C<ext/> directory of the perl
1093 source then MakeMaker will set PERL_SRC automatically (e.g.,
1094 C<../..>). If PERL_SRC is defined and the extension is recognized as
1095 a standard extension, then other variables default to the following:
1098 PERL_LIB = PERL_SRC/lib
1099 PERL_ARCHLIB = PERL_SRC/lib
1101 INST_ARCHLIB = PERL_ARCHLIB
1103 If an extension is being built away from the perl source then MakeMaker
1104 will leave PERL_SRC undefined and default to using the installed copy
1105 of the perl library. The other variables default to the following:
1107 PERL_INC = $archlibexp/CORE
1108 PERL_LIB = $privlibexp
1109 PERL_ARCHLIB = $archlibexp
1110 INST_LIB = ./blib/lib
1111 INST_ARCHLIB = ./blib/arch
1113 If perl has not yet been installed then PERL_SRC can be defined on the
1114 command line as shown in the previous section.
1117 =head2 Which architecture dependent directory?
1119 If you don't want to keep the defaults for the INSTALL* macros,
1120 MakeMaker helps you to minimize the typing needed: the usual
1121 relationship between INSTALLPRIVLIB and INSTALLARCHLIB is determined
1122 by Configure at perl compilation time. MakeMaker supports the user who
1123 sets INSTALLPRIVLIB. If INSTALLPRIVLIB is set, but INSTALLARCHLIB not,
1124 then MakeMaker defaults the latter to be the same subdirectory of
1125 INSTALLPRIVLIB as Configure decided for the counterparts in %Config ,
1126 otherwise it defaults to INSTALLPRIVLIB. The same relationship holds
1127 for INSTALLSITELIB and INSTALLSITEARCH.
1129 MakeMaker gives you much more freedom than needed to configure
1130 internal variables and get different results. It is worth to mention,
1131 that make(1) also lets you configure most of the variables that are
1132 used in the Makefile. But in the majority of situations this will not
1133 be necessary, and should only be done, if the author of a package
1134 recommends it (or you know what you're doing).
1136 =head2 Using Attributes and Parameters
1138 The following attributes can be specified as arguments to WriteMakefile()
1139 or as NAME=VALUE pairs on the command line:
1143 # The following "=item C" is used by the attrib_help routine
1144 # likewise the "=back" below. So be careful when changing it!
1150 Ref to array of *.c file names. Initialised from a directory scan
1151 and the values portion of the XS attribute hash. This is not
1152 currently used by MakeMaker but may be handy in Makefile.PLs.
1156 Arrayref. E.g. [qw(archname manext)] defines ARCHNAME & MANEXT from
1157 config.sh. MakeMaker will add to CONFIG the following values anyway:
1177 CODE reference. The subroutine should return a hash reference. The
1178 hash may contain further attributes, e.g. {LIBS =E<gt> ...}, that have to
1179 be determined by some evaluation method.
1183 Something like C<"-DHAVE_UNISTD_H">
1187 Ref to array of subdirectories containing Makefile.PLs e.g. [ 'sdbm'
1192 Your name for distributing the package (by tar file). This defaults to
1197 Hashref of symbol names for routines to be made available as
1198 universal symbols. Each key/value pair consists of the package name
1199 and an array of routine names in that package. Used only under AIX
1200 (export lists) and VMS (linker options) at present. The routine
1201 names supplied will be expanded in the same way as XSUB names are
1202 expanded by the XS() macro. Defaults to
1204 {"$(NAME)" => ["boot_$(NAME)" ] }
1208 {"RPC" => [qw( boot_rpcb rpcb_gettime getnetconfigent )],
1209 "NetconfigPtr" => [ 'DESTROY'] }
1213 Array of symbol names for variables to be made available as
1214 universal symbols. Used only under AIX (export lists) and VMS
1215 (linker options) at present. Defaults to []. (e.g. [ qw(
1216 Foo_version Foo_numstreams Foo_tree ) ])
1220 Array of extension names to exclude when doing a static build. This
1221 is ignored if INCLUDE_EXT is present. Consult INCLUDE_EXT for more
1222 details. (e.g. [ qw( Socket POSIX ) ] )
1224 This attribute may be most useful when specified as a string on the
1225 commandline: perl Makefile.PL EXCLUDE_EXT='Socket Safe'
1229 Ref to array of executable files. The files will be copied to the
1230 INST_SCRIPT directory. Make realclean will delete them from there
1235 In general any generated Makefile checks for the current version of
1236 MakeMaker and the version the Makefile was built under. If NO_VC is
1237 set, the version check is neglected. Do not write this into your
1238 Makefile.PL, use it interactively instead.
1240 =item FIRST_MAKEFILE
1242 The name of the Makefile to be produced. Defaults to the contents of
1243 MAKEFILE, but can be overridden. This is used for the second Makefile
1244 that will be produced for the MAP_TARGET.
1248 Perl binary able to run this extension.
1252 Ref to array of *.h file names. Similar to C.
1256 Include file dirs eg: C<"-I/usr/5include -I/path/to/inc">
1260 Array of extension names to be included when doing a static build.
1261 MakeMaker will normally build with all of the installed extensions when
1262 doing a static build, and that is usually the desired behavior. If
1263 INCLUDE_EXT is present then MakeMaker will build only with those extensions
1264 which are explicitly mentioned. (e.g. [ qw( Socket POSIX ) ])
1266 It is not necessary to mention DynaLoader or the current extension when
1267 filling in INCLUDE_EXT. If the INCLUDE_EXT is mentioned but is empty then
1268 only DynaLoader and the current extension will be included in the build.
1270 This attribute may be most useful when specified as a string on the
1271 commandline: perl Makefile.PL INCLUDE_EXT='POSIX Socket Devel::Peek'
1273 =item INSTALLARCHLIB
1275 Used by 'make install', which copies files from INST_ARCHLIB to this
1276 directory if INSTALLDIRS is set to perl.
1280 Directory to install binary files (e.g. tkperl) into.
1284 Determines which of the two sets of installation directories to
1285 choose: installprivlib and installarchlib versus installsitelib and
1286 installsitearch. The first pair is chosen with INSTALLDIRS=perl, the
1287 second with INSTALLDIRS=site. Default is site.
1289 =item INSTALLMAN1DIR
1291 This directory gets the man pages at 'make install' time. Defaults to
1292 $Config{installman1dir}.
1294 =item INSTALLMAN3DIR
1296 This directory gets the man pages at 'make install' time. Defaults to
1297 $Config{installman3dir}.
1299 =item INSTALLPRIVLIB
1301 Used by 'make install', which copies files from INST_LIB to this
1302 directory if INSTALLDIRS is set to perl.
1306 Used by 'make install' which copies files from INST_SCRIPT to this
1309 =item INSTALLSITELIB
1311 Used by 'make install', which copies files from INST_LIB to this
1312 directory if INSTALLDIRS is set to site (default).
1314 =item INSTALLSITEARCH
1316 Used by 'make install', which copies files from INST_ARCHLIB to this
1317 directory if INSTALLDIRS is set to site (default).
1321 Same as INST_LIB for architecture dependent files.
1325 Directory to put real binary files during 'make'. These will be copied
1326 to INSTALLBIN during 'make install'
1330 Old name for INST_SCRIPT. Deprecated. Please use INST_SCRIPT if you
1335 Directory where we put library files of this extension while building
1340 Directory to hold the man pages at 'make' time
1344 Directory to hold the man pages at 'make' time
1348 Directory, where executable files should be installed during
1349 'make'. Defaults to "./blib/bin", just to have a dummy location during
1350 testing. make install will copy the files in INST_SCRIPT to
1355 defaults to "$(OBJECT)" and is used in the ld command to specify
1356 what files to link/load from (also see dynamic_lib below for how to
1361 The filename of the perllibrary that will be used together with this
1362 extension. Defaults to libperl.a.
1366 LIB can only be set at C<perl Makefile.PL> time. It has the effect of
1367 setting both INSTALLPRIVLIB and INSTALLSITELIB to that value regardless any
1371 An anonymous array of alternative library
1372 specifications to be searched for (in order) until
1373 at least one library is found. E.g.
1375 'LIBS' => ["-lgdbm", "-ldbm -lfoo", "-L/path -ldbm.nfs"]
1377 Mind, that any element of the array
1378 contains a complete set of arguments for the ld
1379 command. So do not specify
1381 'LIBS' => ["-ltcl", "-ltk", "-lX11"]
1383 See ODBM_File/Makefile.PL for an example, where an array is needed. If
1384 you specify a scalar as in
1386 'LIBS' => "-ltcl -ltk -lX11"
1388 MakeMaker will turn it into an array with one element.
1392 'static' or 'dynamic' (default unless usedl=undef in
1393 config.sh). Should only be used to force static linking (also see
1398 Boolean which tells MakeMaker, that it should include the rules to
1399 make a perl. This is handled automatically as a switch by
1400 MakeMaker. The user normally does not need it.
1404 The name of the Makefile to be produced.
1408 Hashref of pod-containing files. MakeMaker will default this to all
1409 EXE_FILES files that include POD directives. The files listed
1410 here will be converted to man pages and installed as was requested
1415 Hashref of .pm and .pod files. MakeMaker will default this to all
1416 .pod and any .pm files that include POD directives. The files listed
1417 here will be converted to man pages and installed as was requested
1422 If it is intended, that a new perl binary be produced, this variable
1423 may hold a name for that binary. Defaults to perl
1427 If the extension links to a library that it builds set this to the
1428 name of the library (see SDBM_File)
1432 Perl module name for this extension (DBD::Oracle). This will default
1433 to the directory name but should be explicitly defined in the
1438 MakeMaker will figure out, if an extension contains linkable code
1439 anywhere down the directory tree, and will set this variable
1440 accordingly, but you can speed it up a very little bit, if you define
1441 this boolean variable yourself.
1445 Defaults to C<@>. By setting it to an empty string you can generate a
1446 Makefile that echos all commands. Mainly used in debugging MakeMaker
1451 Boolean. Attribute to inhibit descending into subdirectories.
1455 List of object files, defaults to '$(BASEEXT)$(OBJ_EXT)', but can be a long
1456 string containing all object files, e.g. "tkpBind.o
1457 tkpButton.o tkpCanvas.o"
1461 Defaults to C<-O>. Set it to C<-g> to turn debugging on. The flag is
1462 passed to subdirectory makes.
1466 Perl binary for tasks that can be done by miniperl
1470 The call to the program that is able to compile perlmain.c. Defaults
1475 Same as above for architecture dependent files
1479 Directory containing the Perl library to use.
1483 Directory containing the Perl source code (use of this should be
1484 avoided, it may be undefined)
1488 Ref to hash of files to be processed as perl programs. MakeMaker
1489 will default to any found *.PL file (except Makefile.PL) being keys
1490 and the basename of the file being the value. E.g.
1492 {'foobar.PL' => 'foobar'}
1494 The *.PL files are expected to produce output to the target files
1499 Hashref of .pm files and *.pl files to be installed. e.g.
1501 {'name_of_file.pm' => '$(INST_LIBDIR)/install_as.pm'}
1503 By default this will include *.pm and *.pl. If a lib directory
1504 exists and is not listed in DIR (above) then any *.pm and *.pl files
1505 it contains will also be included by default. Defining PM in the
1506 Makefile.PL will override PMLIBDIRS.
1510 Ref to array of subdirectories containing library files. Defaults to
1511 [ 'lib', $(BASEEXT) ]. The directories will be scanned and any files
1512 they contain will be installed in the corresponding location in the
1513 library. A libscan() method can be used to alter the behaviour.
1514 Defining PM in the Makefile.PL will override PMLIBDIRS.
1518 Can be used to set the three INSTALL* attributes in one go (except for
1519 probably INSTALLMAN1DIR, if it is not below PREFIX according to
1520 %Config). They will have PREFIX as a common directory node and will
1521 branch from that node into lib/, lib/ARCHNAME or whatever Configure
1522 decided at the build time of your perl (unless you override one of
1527 Hashref: Names of modules that need to be available to run this
1528 extension (e.g. Fcntl for SDBM_File) are the keys of the hash and the
1529 desired version is the value. If the required version number is 0, we
1530 only check if any version is installed already.
1534 Arryref. E.g. [qw(name1 name2)] skip (do not write) sections of the
1535 Makefile. Caution! Do not use the SKIP attribute for the neglectible
1536 speedup. It may seriously damage the resulting Makefile. Only use it,
1537 if you really need it.
1541 Ref to array of typemap file names. Use this when the typemaps are
1542 in some directory other than the current directory or when they are
1543 not named B<typemap>. The last typemap in the list takes
1544 precedence. A typemap in the current directory has highest
1545 precedence, even if it isn't listed in TYPEMAPS. The default system
1546 typemap has lowest precedence.
1550 Your version number for distributing the package. This defaults to
1555 Instead of specifying the VERSION in the Makefile.PL you can let
1556 MakeMaker parse a file to determine the version number. The parsing
1557 routine requires that the file named by VERSION_FROM contains one
1558 single line to compute the version number. The first line in the file
1559 that contains the regular expression
1561 /\$(([\w\:\']*)\bVERSION)\b.*\=/
1563 will be evaluated with eval() and the value of the named variable
1564 B<after> the eval() will be assigned to the VERSION attribute of the
1565 MakeMaker object. The following lines will be parsed o.k.:
1568 ( $VERSION ) = '$Revision: 1.211 $ ' =~ /\$Revision:\s+([^\s]+)/;
1569 $FOO::VERSION = '1.10';
1571 but these will fail:
1573 my $VERSION = '1.01';
1574 local $VERSION = '1.02';
1575 local $FOO::VERSION = '1.30';
1577 The file named in VERSION_FROM is added as a dependency to Makefile to
1578 guarantee, that the Makefile contains the correct VERSION macro after
1579 a change of the file.
1583 Hashref of .xs files. MakeMaker will default this. e.g.
1585 {'name_of_file.xs' => 'name_of_file.c'}
1587 The .c files will automatically be included in the list of files
1588 deleted by a make clean.
1592 String of options to pass to xsubpp. This might include C<-C++> or
1593 C<-extern>. Do not include typemaps here; the TYPEMAP parameter exists for
1598 May be set to an empty string, which is identical to C<-prototypes>, or
1599 C<-noprototypes>. See the xsubpp documentation for details. MakeMaker
1600 defaults to the empty string.
1604 Your version number for the .xs file of this package. This defaults
1605 to the value of the VERSION attribute.
1609 =head2 Additional lowercase attributes
1611 can be used to pass parameters to the methods which implement that
1612 part of the Makefile.
1618 {FILES => "*.xyz foo"}
1622 {ANY_TARGET => ANY_DEPENDECY, ...}
1626 {TARFLAGS => 'cvfF', COMPRESS => 'gzip', SUFFIX => 'gz',
1627 SHAR => 'shar -m', DIST_CP => 'ln', ZIP => '/bin/zip',
1628 ZIPFLAGS => '-rl', DIST_DEFAULT => 'private tardist' }
1630 If you specify COMPRESS, then SUFFIX should also be altered, as it is
1631 needed to tell make the target file of the compression. Setting
1632 DIST_CP to ln can be useful, if you need to preserve the timestamps on
1633 your files. DIST_CP can take the values 'cp', which copies the file,
1634 'ln', which links the file, and 'best' which copies symbolic links and
1635 links the rest. Default is 'best'.
1639 {ARMAYBE => 'ar', OTHERLDFLAGS => '...', INST_DYNAMIC_DEP => '...'}
1643 Deprecated as of MakeMaker 5.23. See L<ExtUtils::MM_Unix/pm_to_blib>.
1647 {LINKTYPE => 'static', 'dynamic' or ''}
1649 NB: Extensions that have nothing but *.pm files had to say
1653 with Pre-5.0 MakeMakers. Since version 5.00 of MakeMaker such a line
1654 can be deleted safely. MakeMaker recognizes, when there's nothing to
1659 {ANY_MACRO => ANY_VALUE, ...}
1663 {FILES => '$(INST_ARCHAUTODIR)/*.xyz'}
1665 =item tool_autosplit
1673 # bug in pod2html, so leave the =back
1675 # Don't delete this cut, MM depends on it!
1677 =head2 Overriding MakeMaker Methods
1679 If you cannot achieve the desired Makefile behaviour by specifying
1680 attributes you may define private subroutines in the Makefile.PL.
1681 Each subroutines returns the text it wishes to have written to
1682 the Makefile. To override a section of the Makefile you can
1685 sub MY::c_o { "new literal text" }
1687 or you can edit the default by saying something like:
1690 package MY; # so that "SUPER" works right
1691 my $inherited = shift->SUPER::c_o(@_);
1692 $inherited =~ s/old text/new text/;
1696 If you running experiments with embedding perl as a library into other
1697 applications, you might find MakeMaker not sufficient. You'd better
1698 have a look at ExtUtils::embed which is a collection of utilities for
1701 If you still need a different solution, try to develop another
1702 subroutine, that fits your needs and submit the diffs to
1703 F<perl5-porters@nicoh.com> or F<comp.lang.perl.misc> as appropriate.
1705 For a complete description of all MakeMaker methods see L<ExtUtils::MM_Unix>.
1707 Here is a simple example of how to add a new target to the generated
1712 $(MYEXTLIB): sdbm/Makefile
1713 cd sdbm && $(MAKE) all
1718 =head2 Hintsfile support
1720 MakeMaker.pm uses the architecture specific information from
1721 Config.pm. In addition it evaluates architecture specific hints files
1722 in a C<hints/> directory. The hints files are expected to be named
1723 like their counterparts in C<PERL_SRC/hints>, but with an C<.pl> file
1724 name extension (eg. C<next_3_2.pl>). They are simply C<eval>ed by
1725 MakeMaker within the WriteMakefile() subroutine, and can be used to
1726 execute commands as well as to include special variables. The rules
1727 which hintsfile is chosen are the same as in Configure.
1729 The hintsfile is eval()ed immediately after the arguments given to
1730 WriteMakefile are stuffed into a hash reference $self but before this
1731 reference becomes blessed. So if you want to do the equivalent to
1732 override or create an attribute you would say something like
1734 $self->{LIBS} = ['-ldbm -lucb -lc'];
1736 =head2 Distribution Support
1738 For authors of extensions MakeMaker provides several Makefile
1739 targets. Most of the support comes from the ExtUtils::Manifest module,
1740 where additional documentation can be found.
1744 =item make distcheck
1746 reports which files are below the build directory but not in the
1747 MANIFEST file and vice versa. (See ExtUtils::Manifest::fullcheck() for
1750 =item make skipcheck
1752 reports which files are skipped due to the entries in the
1753 C<MANIFEST.SKIP> file (See ExtUtils::Manifest::skipcheck() for
1756 =item make distclean
1758 does a realclean first and then the distcheck. Note that this is not
1759 needed to build a new distribution as long as you are sure, that the
1760 MANIFEST file is ok.
1764 rewrites the MANIFEST file, adding all remaining files found (See
1765 ExtUtils::Manifest::mkmanifest() for details)
1769 Copies all the files that are in the MANIFEST file to a newly created
1770 directory with the name C<$(DISTNAME)-$(VERSION)>. If that directory
1771 exists, it will be removed first.
1775 Makes a distdir first, and runs a C<perl Makefile.PL>, a make, and
1776 a make test in that directory.
1780 First does a distdir. Then a command $(PREOP) which defaults to a null
1781 command, followed by $(TOUNIX), which defaults to a null command under
1782 UNIX, and will convert files in distribution directory to UNIX format
1783 otherwise. Next it runs C<tar> on that directory into a tarfile and
1784 deletes the directory. Finishes with a command $(POSTOP) which
1785 defaults to a null command.
1789 Defaults to $(DIST_DEFAULT) which in turn defaults to tardist.
1791 =item make uutardist
1793 Runs a tardist first and uuencodes the tarfile.
1797 First does a distdir. Then a command $(PREOP) which defaults to a null
1798 command. Next it runs C<shar> on that directory into a sharfile and
1799 deletes the intermediate directory again. Finishes with a command
1800 $(POSTOP) which defaults to a null command. Note: For shdist to work
1801 properly a C<shar> program that can handle directories is mandatory.
1805 First does a distdir. Then a command $(PREOP) which defaults to a null
1806 command. Runs C<$(ZIP) $(ZIPFLAGS)> on that directory into a
1807 zipfile. Then deletes that directory. Finishes with a command
1808 $(POSTOP) which defaults to a null command.
1812 Does a $(CI) and a $(RCS_LABEL) on all files in the MANIFEST file.
1816 Customization of the dist targets can be done by specifying a hash
1817 reference to the dist attribute of the WriteMakefile call. The
1818 following parameters are recognized:
1821 COMPRESS ('compress')
1824 TO_UNIX (depends on the system)
1825 RCS_LABEL ('rcs -q -Nv$(VERSION_SYM):')
1835 WriteMakefile( 'dist' => { COMPRESS=>"gzip", SUFFIX=>"gz" })
1839 ExtUtils::MM_Unix, ExtUtils::Manifest, ExtUtils::testlib,
1840 ExtUtils::Install, ExtUtils::embed
1844 Andy Dougherty <F<doughera@lafcol.lafayette.edu>>, Andreas KE<ouml>nig
1845 <F<A.Koenig@franz.ww.TU-Berlin.DE>>, Tim Bunce <F<Tim.Bunce@ig.co.uk>>.
1846 VMS support by Charles Bailey <F<bailey@genetics.upenn.edu>>. OS/2
1847 support by Ilya Zakharevich <F<ilya@math.ohio-state.edu>>. Contact the
1848 makemaker mailing list C<mailto:makemaker@franz.ww.tu-berlin.de>, if
1849 you have any questions.