1 BEGIN {require 5.002;} # MakeMaker 5.17 was the last MakeMaker that was compatible with perl5.001m
3 package ExtUtils::MakeMaker;
5 $Version = $VERSION = "5.34";
6 $Version_OK = "5.17"; # Makefiles older than $Version_OK will die
7 # (Will be checked from MakeMaker version 4.13 onwards)
8 ($Revision = substr(q$Revision: 1.202 $, 10)) =~ s/\s+$//;
19 @ISA @EXPORT @EXPORT_OK $AUTOLOAD
20 $ISA_TTY $Is_Mac $Is_OS2 $Is_VMS $Revision $Setup_done
21 $VERSION $Verbose $Version_OK %Config %Keep_after_flush
22 %MM_Sections %Prepend_dot_dot %Recognized_Att_Keys
23 @Get_from_Config @MM_Sections @Overridable @Parent
28 eval {require DynaLoader;}; # Get mod2fname, if defined. Will fail
32 # Set up the inheritance before we pull in the MM_* packages, because they
33 # import variables and functions from here
36 @EXPORT = qw(&WriteMakefile &writeMakefile $Verbose &prompt);
37 @EXPORT_OK = qw($VERSION &Version_check &neatvalue &mkbootstrap &mksymlists
39 # $Version in mixed case will go away!
42 # Dummy package MM inherits actual methods from OS-specific
43 # default packages. We use this intermediate package so
44 # MY::XYZ->func() can call MM->func() and get the proper
45 # default routine without having to know under what OS
48 @MM::ISA = qw[ExtUtils::MM_Unix ExtUtils::Liblist ExtUtils::MakeMaker];
51 # Setup dummy package:
52 # MY exists for overriding methods to be defined within
57 ### sub AUTOLOAD { use Devel::Symdump; print Devel::Symdump->rnew->as_string; Carp::confess "hey why? $AUTOLOAD" }
62 # "predeclare the package: we only load it via AUTOLOAD
63 # but we have already mentioned it in @ISA
64 package ExtUtils::Liblist;
66 package ExtUtils::MakeMaker;
68 # Now we can can pull in the friends
70 $Is_VMS = $^O eq 'VMS';
71 $Is_OS2 = $^O =~ m|^os/?2$|i;
72 $Is_Mac = $^O eq 'MacOS';
74 require ExtUtils::MM_Unix;
77 require ExtUtils::MM_VMS;
78 require VMS::Filespec; # is a noop as long as we require it within MM_VMS
81 require ExtUtils::MM_OS2;
84 require ExtUtils::MM_Mac;
87 # The SelfLoader would bring a lot of overhead for MakeMaker, because
88 # we know for sure we will use most of the autoloaded functions once
89 # we have to use one of them. So we write our own loader
93 if (defined fileno(DATA)) {
95 my $o = $/; # For future reads from the file.
107 warn "AUTOLOAD called unexpectedly for $AUTOLOAD";
109 defined(&$AUTOLOAD) or die "Myloader inconsistency error";
113 # The only subroutine we do not SelfLoad is Version_Check because it's
114 # called so often. Loading this minimum still requires 1.2 secs on my
118 my($checkversion) = @_;
119 die "Your Makefile was built with ExtUtils::MakeMaker v $checkversion.
120 Current Version is $ExtUtils::MakeMaker::VERSION. There have been considerable
121 changes in the meantime.
122 Please rerun 'perl Makefile.PL' to regenerate the Makefile.\n"
123 if $checkversion < $Version_OK;
124 printf STDOUT "%s %s %s %s.\n", "Makefile built with ExtUtils::MakeMaker v",
125 $checkversion, "Current Version is", $VERSION
126 unless $checkversion == $VERSION;
130 $_[0] =~ /^Use of uninitialized value/ && return;
131 $_[0] =~ /used only once/ && return;
132 $_[0] =~ /^Subroutine\s+[\w:]+\s+redefined/ && return;
136 sub ExtUtils::MakeMaker::eval_in_subdirs ;
137 sub ExtUtils::MakeMaker::eval_in_x ;
138 sub ExtUtils::MakeMaker::full_setup ;
139 sub ExtUtils::MakeMaker::writeMakefile ;
140 sub ExtUtils::MakeMaker::new ;
141 sub ExtUtils::MakeMaker::check_manifest ;
142 sub ExtUtils::MakeMaker::parse_args ;
143 sub ExtUtils::MakeMaker::check_hints ;
144 sub ExtUtils::MakeMaker::mv_all_methods ;
145 sub ExtUtils::MakeMaker::skipcheck ;
146 sub ExtUtils::MakeMaker::flush ;
147 sub ExtUtils::MakeMaker::mkbootstrap ;
148 sub ExtUtils::MakeMaker::mksymlists ;
149 sub ExtUtils::MakeMaker::neatvalue ;
150 sub ExtUtils::MakeMaker::selfdocument ;
151 sub ExtUtils::MakeMaker::WriteMakefile ;
152 sub ExtUtils::MakeMaker::prompt ;
156 package ExtUtils::MakeMaker;
159 Carp::croak "WriteMakefile: Need even number of args" if @_ % 2;
160 local $SIG{__WARN__} = \&warnhandler;
162 unless ($Setup_done++){
164 undef &ExtUtils::MakeMaker::full_setup; #safe memory
167 MM->new(\%att)->flush;
172 $ISA_TTY = -t STDIN && -t STDOUT ;
173 Carp::confess("prompt function called without an argument") unless defined $mess;
174 my $dispdef = defined $def ? "[$def] " : " ";
175 $def = defined $def ? $def : "";
179 print "$mess $dispdef";
180 chomp($ans = <STDIN>);
185 sub eval_in_subdirs {
191 foreach $dir (@{$self->{DIR}}){
192 my($abs) = $self->catdir($pwd,$dir);
193 $self->eval_in_x($abs);
201 chdir $dir or Carp::carp("Couldn't change to directory $dir: $!");
203 # my $fh = new FileHandle;
204 # $fh->open("Makefile.PL") or Carp::carp("Couldn't open Makefile.PL in $dir");
206 open(FH,"Makefile.PL") or Carp::carp("Couldn't open Makefile.PL in $dir");
207 # my $eval = join "", <$fh>;
208 my $eval = join "", <FH>;
213 # if ($@ =~ /prerequisites/) {
214 # die "MakeMaker WARNING: $@";
216 # warn "WARNING from evaluation of $dir/Makefile.PL: $@";
218 warn "WARNING from evaluation of $dir/Makefile.PL: $@";
226 # package name for the classes into which the first object will be blessed
227 $PACKNAME = "PACK000";
231 C CONFIG CONFIGURE DEFINE DIR DISTNAME DL_FUNCS DL_VARS EXE_FILES
232 EXCLUDE_EXT INCLUDE_EXT NO_VC FIRST_MAKEFILE FULLPERL H INC
233 INSTALLARCHLIB INSTALLBIN INSTALLDIRS INSTALLMAN1DIR
234 INSTALLMAN3DIR INSTALLPRIVLIB INSTALLSCRIPT INSTALLSITEARCH
235 INSTALLSITELIB INST_ARCHLIB INST_BIN INST_EXE INST_LIB
236 INST_MAN1DIR INST_MAN3DIR INST_SCRIPT LDFROM LIBPERL_A LIBS
237 LINKTYPE MAKEAPERL MAKEFILE MAN1PODS MAN3PODS MAP_TARGET MYEXTLIB
238 NAME NEEDS_LINKING NOECHO NORECURS OBJECT OPTIMIZE PERL PERLMAINCC
239 PERL_ARCHLIB PERL_LIB PERL_SRC PL_FILES PM PMLIBDIRS PREFIX
240 PREREQ_PM SKIP TYPEMAPS VERSION VERSION_FROM XS XSOPT XSPROTOARG
241 XS_VERSION clean depend dist dynamic_lib linkext macro realclean
248 # ^^^ installpm is deprecated, will go about Summer 96
250 # @Overridable is close to @MM_Sections but not identical. The
251 # order is important. Many subroutines declare macros. These
252 # depend on each other. Let's try to collect the macros up front,
253 # then pasthru, then the rules.
255 # MM_Sections are the sections we have to call explicitly
256 # in Overridable we have subroutines that are used indirectly
262 post_initialize const_config constants tool_autosplit tool_xsubpp
263 tools_other dist macro depend cflags const_loadlibs const_cccmd
268 c_o xs_c xs_o top_targets linkext dlsyms dynamic dynamic_bs
269 dynamic_lib static static_lib manifypods processPL installbin subdirs
270 clean realclean dist_basics dist_core dist_dir dist_test dist_ci
271 install force perldepend makefile staticmake test
273 ); # loses section ordering
275 @Overridable = @MM_Sections;
276 push @Overridable, qw[
278 dir_target libscan makeaperl needs_linking subdir_x test_via_harness
283 push @MM_Sections, qw[
285 pm_to_blib selfdocument
289 # Postamble needs to be the last that was always the case
290 push @MM_Sections, "postamble";
291 push @Overridable, "postamble";
293 # All sections are valid keys.
294 @Recognized_Att_Keys{@MM_Sections} = (1) x @MM_Sections;
296 # we will use all these variables in the Makefile
299 ar cc cccdlflags ccdlflags dlext dlsrc ld lddlflags ldflags libc
300 lib_ext obj_ext ranlib sitelibexp sitearchexp so
304 foreach $item (@Attrib_help){
305 $Recognized_Att_Keys{$item} = 1;
307 foreach $item (@Get_from_Config) {
308 $Recognized_Att_Keys{uc $item} = $Config{$item};
309 print "Attribute '\U$item\E' => '$Config{$item}'\n"
314 # When we eval a Makefile.PL in a subdirectory, that one will ask
315 # us (the parent) for the values and will prepend "..", so that
316 # all files to be installed end up below OUR ./blib
321 INST_BIN 1 INST_EXE 1 INST_LIB 1 INST_ARCHLIB 1 INST_SCRIPT
322 1 MAP_TARGET 1 INST_MAN1DIR 1 INST_MAN3DIR 1 PERL_SRC 1
328 NEEDS_LINKING HAS_LINK_CODE
330 @Keep_after_flush{@keep} = (1) x @keep;
336 The extension you are trying to build apparently is rather old and
337 most probably outdated. We detect that from the fact, that a
338 subroutine "writeMakefile" is called, and this subroutine is not
339 supported anymore since about October 1994.
341 Please contact the author or look into CPAN (details about CPAN can be
342 found in the FAQ and at http:/www.perl.com) for a more recent version
343 of the extension. If you're really desperate, you can try to change
344 the subroutine name from writeMakefile to WriteMakefile and rerun
345 'perl Makefile.PL', but you're most probably left alone, when you do
353 sub ExtUtils::MakeMaker::new {
354 my($class,$self) = @_;
357 print STDOUT "MakeMaker (v$VERSION)\n" if $Verbose;
358 if (-f "MANIFEST" && ! -f "Makefile"){
362 $self = {} unless (defined $self);
366 my(%initial_att) = %$self; # record initial attributes
369 foreach $prereq (sort keys %{$self->{PREREQ_PM}}) {
370 my $eval = "use $prereq $self->{PREREQ_PM}->{$prereq}";
373 warn "Warning: prerequisite $prereq $self->{PREREQ_PM}->{$prereq} not found";
375 delete $self->{PREREQ_PM}{$prereq};
379 # unless (defined $ExtUtils::MakeMaker::useCPAN) {
380 # print qq{MakeMaker WARNING: prerequisites not found (@unsatisfied)
381 # Please install these modules first and rerun 'perl Makefile.PL'.\n};
382 # if ($ExtUtils::MakeMaker::hasCPAN) {
383 # $ExtUtils::MakeMaker::useCPAN = prompt(qq{Should I try to use the CPAN module to fetch them for you?},"yes");
385 # print qq{Hint: You may want to install the CPAN module to autofetch the needed modules\n};
386 # $ExtUtils::MakeMaker::useCPAN=0;
389 # if ($ExtUtils::MakeMaker::useCPAN) {
391 # CPAN->import(@unsatisfied);
393 # die qq{prerequisites not found (@unsatisfied)};
395 # warn qq{WARNING: prerequisites not found (@unsatisfied)};
398 if (defined $self->{CONFIGURE}) {
399 if (ref $self->{CONFIGURE} eq 'CODE') {
400 $self = { %$self, %{&{$self->{CONFIGURE}}}};
402 Carp::croak "Attribute 'CONFIGURE' to WriteMakefile() not a code reference\n";
406 # This is for old Makefiles written pre 5.00, will go away
407 if ( Carp::longmess("") =~ /runsubdirpl/s ){
408 #$self->{Correct_relativ_directories}++;
409 Carp::carp("WARNING: Please rerun 'perl Makefile.PL' to regenerate your Makefiles\n");
411 $self->{Correct_relativ_directories}=0;
414 my $class = ++$PACKNAME;
417 print "Blessing Object into class [$class]\n" if $Verbose>=2;
418 mv_all_methods("MY",$class);
421 @{"$class\:\:ISA"} = 'MM';
424 if (defined $Parent[-2]){
425 $self->{PARENT} = $Parent[-2];
427 for $key (keys %Prepend_dot_dot) {
428 next unless defined $self->{PARENT}{$key};
429 $self->{$key} = $self->{PARENT}{$key};
430 $self->{$key} = $self->catdir("..",$self->{$key})
431 unless $self->file_name_is_absolute($self->{$key});
433 $self->{PARENT}->{CHILDREN}->{$class} = $self if $self->{PARENT};
435 parse_args($self,@ARGV);
438 $self->{NAME} ||= $self->guess_name;
440 ($self->{NAME_SYM} = $self->{NAME}) =~ s/\W+/_/g;
444 if (! $self->{PERL_SRC} ) {
445 my($pthinks) = $INC{'Config.pm'};
446 $pthinks = VMS::Filespec::vmsify($pthinks) if $Is_VMS;
447 if ($pthinks ne $self->catfile($Config{archlibexp},'Config.pm')){
448 $pthinks =~ s!/Config\.pm$!!;
451 Your perl and your Config.pm seem to have different ideas about the architecture
453 Perl thinks: [$pthinks]
454 Config says: [$Config{archname}]
455 This may or may not cause problems. Please check your installation of perl if you
456 have problems building this extension.
461 $self->init_dirscan();
462 $self->init_others();
464 push @{$self->{RESULT}}, <<END;
465 # This Makefile is for the $self->{NAME} extension to perl.
467 # It was generated automatically by MakeMaker version
468 # $VERSION (Revision: $Revision) from the contents of
469 # Makefile.PL. Don't edit this file, edit Makefile.PL instead.
471 # ANY CHANGES MADE HERE WILL BE LOST!
473 # MakeMaker Parameters:
476 foreach $key (sort keys %initial_att){
477 my($v) = neatvalue($initial_att{$key});
478 $v =~ s/(CODE|HASH|ARRAY|SCALAR)\([\dxa-f]+\)/$1\(...\)/;
480 push @{$self->{RESULT}}, "# $key => $v";
483 # turn the SKIP array into a SKIPHASH hash
485 for $skip (@{$self->{SKIP} || []}) {
486 $self->{SKIPHASH}{$skip} = 1;
488 delete $self->{SKIP}; # free memory
490 if ($self->{PARENT}) {
491 for (qw/install dist dist_basics dist_core dist_dir dist_test dist_ci/) {
492 $self->{SKIPHASH}{$_} = 1;
496 # We run all the subdirectories now. They don't have much to query
497 # from the parent, but the parent has to query them: if they need linking!
498 unless ($self->{NORECURS}) {
499 $self->eval_in_subdirs if @{$self->{DIR}};
503 foreach $section ( @MM_Sections ){
504 print "Processing Makefile '$section' section\n" if ($Verbose >= 2);
505 my($skipit) = $self->skipcheck($section);
507 push @{$self->{RESULT}}, "\n# --- MakeMaker $section section $skipit.";
509 my(%a) = %{$self->{$section} || {}};
510 push @{$self->{RESULT}}, "\n# --- MakeMaker $section section:";
511 push @{$self->{RESULT}}, "# " . join ", ", %a if $Verbose && %a;
512 push @{$self->{RESULT}}, $self->nicetext($self->$section( %a ));
516 push @{$self->{RESULT}}, "\n# End.";
523 print STDOUT "Checking if your kit is complete...\n";
524 require ExtUtils::Manifest;
525 $ExtUtils::Manifest::Quiet=$ExtUtils::Manifest::Quiet=1; #avoid warning
526 my(@missed)=ExtUtils::Manifest::manicheck();
528 print STDOUT "Warning: the following files are missing in your kit:\n";
529 print "\t", join "\n\t", @missed;
531 print STDOUT "Please inform the author.\n";
533 print STDOUT "Looks good\n";
538 my($self, @args) = @_;
540 unless (m/(.*?)=(.*)/){
541 help(),exit 1 if m/^help$/;
542 ++$Verbose if m/^verb/;
545 my($name, $value) = ($1, $2);
546 if ($value =~ m/^~(\w+)?/){ # tilde with optional username
547 $value =~ s [^~(\w*)]
549 ((getpwnam($1))[7] || "~$1") :
553 # This may go away, in mid 1996
554 if ($self->{Correct_relativ_directories}){
555 $value = $self->catdir("..",$value)
556 if $Prepend_dot_dot{$name} && ! $self->file_name_is_absolute($value);
558 $self->{uc($name)} = $value;
560 # This may go away, in mid 1996
561 delete $self->{Correct_relativ_directories};
563 # catch old-style 'potential_libs' and inform user how to 'upgrade'
564 if (defined $self->{potential_libs}){
565 my($msg)="'potential_libs' => '$self->{potential_libs}' should be";
566 if ($self->{potential_libs}){
567 print STDOUT "$msg changed to:\n\t'LIBS' => ['$self->{potential_libs}']\n";
569 print STDOUT "$msg deleted.\n";
571 $self->{LIBS} = [$self->{potential_libs}];
572 delete $self->{potential_libs};
574 # catch old-style 'ARMAYBE' and inform user how to 'upgrade'
575 if (defined $self->{ARMAYBE}){
576 my($armaybe) = $self->{ARMAYBE};
577 print STDOUT "ARMAYBE => '$armaybe' should be changed to:\n",
578 "\t'dynamic_lib' => {ARMAYBE => '$armaybe'}\n";
579 my(%dl) = %{$self->{dynamic_lib} || {}};
580 $self->{dynamic_lib} = { %dl, ARMAYBE => $armaybe};
581 delete $self->{ARMAYBE};
583 if (defined $self->{LDTARGET}){
584 print STDOUT "LDTARGET should be changed to LDFROM\n";
585 $self->{LDFROM} = $self->{LDTARGET};
586 delete $self->{LDTARGET};
588 # Turn a DIR argument on the command line into an array
589 if (defined $self->{DIR} && ref \$self->{DIR} eq 'SCALAR') {
590 # So they can choose from the command line, which extensions they want
591 # the grep enables them to have some colons too much in case they
592 # have to build a list with the shell
593 $self->{DIR} = [grep $_, split ":", $self->{DIR}];
595 # Turn a INCLUDE_EXT argument on the command line into an array
596 if (defined $self->{INCLUDE_EXT} && ref \$self->{INCLUDE_EXT} eq 'SCALAR') {
597 $self->{INCLUDE_EXT} = [grep $_, split '\s+', $self->{INCLUDE_EXT}];
599 # Turn a EXCLUDE_EXT argument on the command line into an array
600 if (defined $self->{EXCLUDE_EXT} && ref \$self->{EXCLUDE_EXT} eq 'SCALAR') {
601 $self->{EXCLUDE_EXT} = [grep $_, split '\s+', $self->{EXCLUDE_EXT}];
604 foreach $mmkey (sort keys %$self){
605 print STDOUT " $mmkey => ", neatvalue($self->{$mmkey}), "\n" if $Verbose;
606 print STDOUT "'$mmkey' is not a known MakeMaker parameter name.\n"
607 unless exists $Recognized_Att_Keys{$mmkey};
614 # We allow extension-specific hints files.
616 return unless -d "hints";
618 # First we look for the best hintsfile we have
620 my($hint)="${^O}_$Config{osvers}";
625 # Also try without trailing minor version numbers.
627 last if -f "hints/$hint.pl"; # found
629 last unless $hint =~ s/_[^_]*$//; # nothing to cut off
631 return unless -f "hints/$hint.pl"; # really there
633 # execute the hintsfile:
635 # my $fh = new FileHandle;
636 # $fh->open("hints/$hint.pl");
638 open(FH,"hints/$hint.pl");
639 # @goodhints = <$fh>;
643 print STDOUT "Processing hints file hints/$hint.pl\n";
644 eval join('',@goodhints);
645 print STDOUT $@ if $@;
651 my($symtab) = \%{"${from}::"};
654 # Here you see the *current* list of methods that are overridable
655 # from Makefile.PL via MY:: subroutines. As of VERSION 5.07 I'm
656 # still trying to reduce the list to some reasonable minimum --
657 # because I want to make it easier for the user. A.K.
659 foreach $method (@Overridable) {
661 # We cannot say "next" here. Nick might call MY->makeaperl
662 # which isn't defined right now
664 # Above statement was written at 4.23 time when Tk-b8 was
665 # around. As Tk-b9 only builds with 5.002something and MM 5 is
666 # standard, we try to enable the next line again. It was
667 # commented out until MM 5.23
669 next unless defined &{"${from}::$method"};
671 *{"${to}::$method"} = \&{"${from}::$method"};
673 # delete would do, if we were sure, nobody ever called
674 # MY->makeaperl directly
676 # delete $symtab->{$method};
678 # If we delete a method, then it will be undefined and cannot
679 # be called. But as long as we have Makefile.PLs that rely on
680 # %MY:: being intact, we have to fill the hole with an
683 eval "package MY; sub $method { shift->SUPER::$method(\@_); }";
686 # We have to clean out %INC also, because the current directory is
687 # changed frequently and Graham Barr prefers to get his version
688 # out of a History.pl file which is "required" so woudn't get
689 # loaded again in another extension requiring a History.pl
691 # With perl5.002_01 the deletion of entries in %INC caused Tk-b11
692 # to core dump in the middle of a require statement. The required
693 # file was Tk/MMutil.pm. The consequence is, we have to be
694 # extremely careful when we try to give perl a reason to reload a
695 # library with same name. The workaround prefers to drop nothing
696 # from %INC and teach the writers not to use such libraries.
699 # foreach $inc (keys %INC) {
700 # #warn "***$inc*** deleted";
708 if ($section eq 'dynamic') {
709 print STDOUT "Warning (non-fatal): Target 'dynamic' depends on targets ",
710 "in skipped section 'dynamic_bs'\n"
711 if $self->{SKIPHASH}{dynamic_bs} && $Verbose;
712 print STDOUT "Warning (non-fatal): Target 'dynamic' depends on targets ",
713 "in skipped section 'dynamic_lib'\n"
714 if $self->{SKIPHASH}{dynamic_lib} && $Verbose;
716 if ($section eq 'dynamic_lib') {
717 print STDOUT "Warning (non-fatal): Target '\$(INST_DYNAMIC)' depends on ",
718 "targets in skipped section 'dynamic_bs'\n"
719 if $self->{SKIPHASH}{dynamic_bs} && $Verbose;
721 if ($section eq 'static') {
722 print STDOUT "Warning (non-fatal): Target 'static' depends on targets ",
723 "in skipped section 'static_lib'\n"
724 if $self->{SKIPHASH}{static_lib} && $Verbose;
726 return 'skipped' if $self->{SKIPHASH}{$section};
734 # my $fh = new FileHandle;
736 print STDOUT "Writing $self->{MAKEFILE} for $self->{NAME}\n";
738 unlink($self->{MAKEFILE}, "MakeMaker.tmp", $Is_VMS ? 'Descrip.MMS' : '');
739 # $fh->open(">MakeMaker.tmp") or die "Unable to open MakeMaker.tmp: $!";
740 open(FH,">MakeMaker.tmp") or die "Unable to open MakeMaker.tmp: $!";
742 for $chunk (@{$self->{RESULT}}) {
743 # print $fh "$chunk\n";
749 my($finalname) = $self->{MAKEFILE};
750 rename("MakeMaker.tmp", $finalname);
751 chmod 0644, $finalname unless $Is_VMS;
753 if ($self->{PARENT}) {
754 foreach (keys %$self) { # safe memory
755 delete $self->{$_} unless $Keep_after_flush{$_};
759 system("$Config::Config{eunicefix} $finalname") unless $Config::Config{eunicefix} eq ":";
762 # The following mkbootstrap() is only for installations that are calling
763 # the pre-4.1 mkbootstrap() from their old Makefiles. This MakeMaker
764 # writes Makefiles, that use ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap directly.
767 !!! Your Makefile has been built such a long time ago, !!!
768 !!! that is unlikely to work with current MakeMaker. !!!
769 !!! Please rebuild your Makefile !!!
773 # Ditto for mksymlists() as of MakeMaker 5.17
776 !!! Your Makefile has been built such a long time ago, !!!
777 !!! that is unlikely to work with current MakeMaker. !!!
778 !!! Please rebuild your Makefile !!!
784 return "undef" unless defined $v;
786 return "q[$v]" unless $t;
788 my(@m, $elem, @neat);
790 foreach $elem (@$v) {
791 push @neat, "q[$elem]";
793 push @m, join ", ", @neat;
797 return "$v" unless $t eq 'HASH';
799 while (($key,$val) = each %$v){
800 last unless defined $key; # cautious programming in case (undef,undef) is true
801 push(@m,"$key=>".neatvalue($val)) ;
803 return "{ ".join(', ',@m)." }";
810 push @m, "\n# Full list of MakeMaker attribute values:";
811 foreach $key (sort keys %$self){
812 next if $key eq 'RESULT' || $key =~ /^[A-Z][a-z]/;
813 my($v) = neatvalue($self->{$key});
814 $v =~ s/(CODE|HASH|ARRAY|SCALAR)\([\dxa-f]+\)/$1\(...\)/;
816 push @m, "# $key => $v";
822 package ExtUtils::MakeMaker;
829 ExtUtils::MakeMaker - create an extension Makefile
833 C<use ExtUtils::MakeMaker;>
835 C<WriteMakefile( ATTRIBUTE =E<gt> VALUE [, ...] );>
839 C<MM-E<gt>new(\%att)-E<gt>flush;>
843 This utility is designed to write a Makefile for an extension module
844 from a Makefile.PL. It is based on the Makefile.SH model provided by
845 Andy Dougherty and the perl5-porters.
847 It splits the task of generating the Makefile into several subroutines
848 that can be individually overridden. Each subroutine returns the text
849 it wishes to have written to the Makefile.
851 MakeMaker is object oriented. Each directory below the current
852 directory that contains a Makefile.PL. Is treated as a separate
853 object. This makes it possible to write an unlimited number of
854 Makefiles with a single invocation of WriteMakefile().
856 =head2 How To Write A Makefile.PL
858 The short answer is: Don't. Run h2xs(1) before you start thinking
859 about writing a module. For so called pm-only modules that consist of
860 C<*.pm> files only, h2xs has the very useful C<-X> switch. This will
861 generate dummy files of all kinds that are useful for the module
864 The medium answer is:
866 use ExtUtils::MakeMaker;
867 WriteMakefile( NAME => "Foo::Bar" );
869 The long answer is below.
871 =head2 Default Makefile Behaviour
873 The generated Makefile enables the user of the extension to invoke
875 perl Makefile.PL # optionally "perl Makefile.PL verbose"
877 make test # optionally set TEST_VERBOSE=1
878 make install # See below
880 The Makefile to be produced may be altered by adding arguments of the
881 form C<KEY=VALUE>. E.g.
883 perl Makefile.PL PREFIX=/tmp/myperl5
885 Other interesting targets in the generated Makefile are
887 make config # to check if the Makefile is up-to-date
888 make clean # delete local temp files (Makefile gets renamed)
889 make realclean # delete derived files (including ./blib)
890 make ci # check in all the files in the MANIFEST file
891 make dist # see below the Distribution Support section
895 MakeMaker checks for the existence of a file named "test.pl" in the
896 current directory and if it exists it adds commands to the test target
897 of the generated Makefile that will execute the script with the proper
898 set of perl C<-I> options.
900 MakeMaker also checks for any files matching glob("t/*.t"). It will
901 add commands to the test target of the generated Makefile that execute
902 all matching files via the L<Test::Harness> module with the C<-I>
903 switches set correctly.
907 make alone puts all relevant files into directories that are named by
908 the macros INST_LIB, INST_ARCHLIB, INST_SCRIPT, INST_MAN1DIR, and
909 INST_MAN3DIR. All these default to something below ./blib if you are
910 I<not> building below the perl source directory. If you I<are>
911 building below the perl source, INST_LIB and INST_ARCHLIB default to
912 ../../lib, and INST_SCRIPT is not defined.
914 The I<install> target of the generated Makefile copies the files found
915 below each of the INST_* directories to their INSTALL*
916 counterparts. Which counterparts are chosen depends on the setting of
917 INSTALLDIRS according to the following table:
922 INST_ARCHLIB INSTALLARCHLIB INSTALLSITEARCH
923 INST_LIB INSTALLPRIVLIB INSTALLSITELIB
925 INST_SCRIPT INSTALLSCRIPT
926 INST_MAN1DIR INSTALLMAN1DIR
927 INST_MAN3DIR INSTALLMAN3DIR
929 The INSTALL... macros in turn default to their %Config
930 ($Config{installprivlib}, $Config{installarchlib}, etc.) counterparts.
932 You can check the values of these variables on your system with
934 perl -MConfig -le 'print join $/, map
935 sprintf("%20s: %s", $_, $Config{$_}),
936 grep /^install/, keys %Config'
938 And to check the sequence in which the library directories are
939 searched by perl, run
941 perl -le 'print join $/, @INC'
944 =head2 PREFIX attribute
946 The PREFIX attribute can be used to set the INSTALL* attributes in one
947 go. The quickest way to install a module in a non-standard place
949 perl Makefile.PL PREFIX=~
951 This will replace the string specified by $Config{prefix} in all
952 $Config{install*} values.
954 Note, that the tilde expansion is done by MakeMaker, not by perl by
955 default, nor by make.
957 If the user has superuser privileges, and is not working on AFS
958 (Andrew File System) or relatives, then the defaults for
959 INSTALLPRIVLIB, INSTALLARCHLIB, INSTALLSCRIPT, etc. will be appropriate,
960 and this incantation will be the best:
962 perl Makefile.PL; make; make test
965 make install per default writes some documentation of what has been
966 done into the file C<$(INSTALLARCHLIB)/perllocal.pod>. This feature
967 can be bypassed by calling make pure_install.
971 will have to specify the installation directories as these most
972 probably have changed since perl itself has been installed. They will
973 have to do this by calling
975 perl Makefile.PL INSTALLSITELIB=/afs/here/today \
976 INSTALLSCRIPT=/afs/there/now INSTALLMAN3DIR=/afs/for/manpages
979 Be careful to repeat this procedure every time you recompile an
980 extension, unless you are sure the AFS installation directories are
983 =head2 Static Linking of a new Perl Binary
985 An extension that is built with the above steps is ready to use on
986 systems supporting dynamic loading. On systems that do not support
987 dynamic loading, any newly created extension has to be linked together
988 with the available resources. MakeMaker supports the linking process
989 by creating appropriate targets in the Makefile whenever an extension
990 is built. You can invoke the corresponding section of the makefile with
994 That produces a new perl binary in the current directory with all
995 extensions linked in that can be found in INST_ARCHLIB , SITELIBEXP,
996 and PERL_ARCHLIB. To do that, MakeMaker writes a new Makefile, on
997 UNIX, this is called Makefile.aperl (may be system dependent). If you
998 want to force the creation of a new perl, it is recommended, that you
999 delete this Makefile.aperl, so the directories are searched-through
1000 for linkable libraries again.
1002 The binary can be installed into the directory where perl normally
1003 resides on your machine with
1007 To produce a perl binary with a different name than C<perl>, either say
1009 perl Makefile.PL MAP_TARGET=myperl
1016 make myperl MAP_TARGET=myperl
1017 make inst_perl MAP_TARGET=myperl
1019 In any case you will be prompted with the correct invocation of the
1020 C<inst_perl> target that installs the new binary into INSTALLBIN.
1022 make inst_perl per default writes some documentation of what has been
1023 done into the file C<$(INSTALLARCHLIB)/perllocal.pod>. This
1024 can be bypassed by calling make pure_inst_perl.
1026 Warning: the inst_perl: target will most probably overwrite your
1027 existing perl binary. Use with care!
1029 Sometimes you might want to build a statically linked perl although
1030 your system supports dynamic loading. In this case you may explicitly
1031 set the linktype with the invocation of the Makefile.PL or make:
1033 perl Makefile.PL LINKTYPE=static # recommended
1037 make LINKTYPE=static # works on most systems
1039 =head2 Determination of Perl Library and Installation Locations
1041 MakeMaker needs to know, or to guess, where certain things are
1042 located. Especially INST_LIB and INST_ARCHLIB (where to put the files
1043 during the make(1) run), PERL_LIB and PERL_ARCHLIB (where to read
1044 existing modules from), and PERL_INC (header files and C<libperl*.*>).
1046 Extensions may be built either using the contents of the perl source
1047 directory tree or from the installed perl library. The recommended way
1048 is to build extensions after you have run 'make install' on perl
1049 itself. You can do that in any directory on your hard disk that is not
1050 below the perl source tree. The support for extensions below the ext
1051 directory of the perl distribution is only good for the standard
1052 extensions that come with perl.
1054 If an extension is being built below the C<ext/> directory of the perl
1055 source then MakeMaker will set PERL_SRC automatically (e.g.,
1056 C<../..>). If PERL_SRC is defined and the extension is recognized as
1057 a standard extension, then other variables default to the following:
1060 PERL_LIB = PERL_SRC/lib
1061 PERL_ARCHLIB = PERL_SRC/lib
1063 INST_ARCHLIB = PERL_ARCHLIB
1065 If an extension is being built away from the perl source then MakeMaker
1066 will leave PERL_SRC undefined and default to using the installed copy
1067 of the perl library. The other variables default to the following:
1069 PERL_INC = $archlibexp/CORE
1070 PERL_LIB = $privlibexp
1071 PERL_ARCHLIB = $archlibexp
1072 INST_LIB = ./blib/lib
1073 INST_ARCHLIB = ./blib/arch
1075 If perl has not yet been installed then PERL_SRC can be defined on the
1076 command line as shown in the previous section.
1079 =head2 Which architecture dependent directory?
1081 If you don't want to keep the defaults for the INSTALL* macros,
1082 MakeMaker helps you to minimize the typing needed: the usual
1083 relationship between INSTALLPRIVLIB and INSTALLARCHLIB is determined
1084 by Configure at perl compilation time. MakeMaker supports the user who
1085 sets INSTALLPRIVLIB. If INSTALLPRIVLIB is set, but INSTALLARCHLIB not,
1086 then MakeMaker defaults the latter to be the same subdirectory of
1087 INSTALLPRIVLIB as Configure decided for the counterparts in %Config ,
1088 otherwise it defaults to INSTALLPRIVLIB. The same relationship holds
1089 for INSTALLSITELIB and INSTALLSITEARCH.
1091 MakeMaker gives you much more freedom than needed to configure
1092 internal variables and get different results. It is worth to mention,
1093 that make(1) also lets you configure most of the variables that are
1094 used in the Makefile. But in the majority of situations this will not
1095 be necessary, and should only be done, if the author of a package
1096 recommends it (or you know what you're doing).
1098 =head2 Using Attributes and Parameters
1100 The following attributes can be specified as arguments to WriteMakefile()
1101 or as NAME=VALUE pairs on the command line:
1105 # The following "=item C" is used by the attrib_help routine
1106 # likewise the "=back" below. So be careful when changing it!
1112 Ref to array of *.c file names. Initialised from a directory scan
1113 and the values portion of the XS attribute hash. This is not
1114 currently used by MakeMaker but may be handy in Makefile.PLs.
1118 Arrayref. E.g. [qw(archname manext)] defines ARCHNAME & MANEXT from
1119 config.sh. MakeMaker will add to CONFIG the following values anyway:
1139 CODE reference. The subroutine should return a hash reference. The
1140 hash may contain further attributes, e.g. {LIBS => ...}, that have to
1141 be determined by some evaluation method.
1145 Something like C<"-DHAVE_UNISTD_H">
1149 Ref to array of subdirectories containing Makefile.PLs e.g. [ 'sdbm'
1154 Your name for distributing the package (by tar file). This defaults to
1159 Hashref of symbol names for routines to be made available as
1160 universal symbols. Each key/value pair consists of the package name
1161 and an array of routine names in that package. Used only under AIX
1162 (export lists) and VMS (linker options) at present. The routine
1163 names supplied will be expanded in the same way as XSUB names are
1164 expanded by the XS() macro. Defaults to
1166 {"$(NAME)" => ["boot_$(NAME)" ] }
1170 {"RPC" => [qw( boot_rpcb rpcb_gettime getnetconfigent )],
1171 "NetconfigPtr" => [ 'DESTROY'] }
1175 Array of symbol names for variables to be made available as
1176 universal symbols. Used only under AIX (export lists) and VMS
1177 (linker options) at present. Defaults to []. (e.g. [ qw(
1178 Foo_version Foo_numstreams Foo_tree ) ])
1182 Array of extension names to exclude when doing a static build. This
1183 is ignored if INCLUDE_EXT is present. Consult INCLUDE_EXT for more
1184 details. (e.g. [ qw( Socket POSIX ) ] )
1186 This attribute may be most useful when specified as a string on the
1187 commandline: perl Makefile.PL EXCLUDE_EXT='Socket Safe'
1191 Ref to array of executable files. The files will be copied to the
1192 INST_SCRIPT directory. Make realclean will delete them from there
1197 In general any generated Makefile checks for the current version of
1198 MakeMaker and the version the Makefile was built under. If NO_VC is
1199 set, the version check is neglected. Do not write this into your
1200 Makefile.PL, use it interactively instead.
1202 =item FIRST_MAKEFILE
1204 The name of the Makefile to be produced. Defaults to the contents of
1205 MAKEFILE, but can be overridden. This is used for the second Makefile
1206 that will be produced for the MAP_TARGET.
1210 Perl binary able to run this extension.
1214 Ref to array of *.h file names. Similar to C.
1218 Include file dirs eg: C<"-I/usr/5include -I/path/to/inc">
1222 Array of extension names to be included when doing a static build.
1223 MakeMaker will normally build with all of the installed extensions when
1224 doing a static build, and that is usually the desired behavior. If
1225 INCLUDE_EXT is present then MakeMaker will build only with those extensions
1226 which are explicitly mentioned. (e.g. [ qw( Socket POSIX ) ])
1228 It is not necessary to mention DynaLoader or the current extension when
1229 filling in INCLUDE_EXT. If the INCLUDE_EXT is mentioned but is empty then
1230 only DynaLoader and the current extension will be included in the build.
1232 This attribute may be most useful when specified as a string on the
1233 commandline: perl Makefile.PL INCLUDE_EXT='POSIX Socket Devel::Peek'
1235 =item INSTALLARCHLIB
1237 Used by 'make install', which copies files from INST_ARCHLIB to this
1238 directory if INSTALLDIRS is set to perl.
1242 Directory to install binary files (e.g. tkperl) into.
1246 Determines which of the two sets of installation directories to
1247 choose: installprivlib and installarchlib versus installsitelib and
1248 installsitearch. The first pair is chosen with INSTALLDIRS=perl, the
1249 second with INSTALLDIRS=site. Default is site.
1251 =item INSTALLMAN1DIR
1253 This directory gets the man pages at 'make install' time. Defaults to
1254 $Config{installman1dir}.
1256 =item INSTALLMAN3DIR
1258 This directory gets the man pages at 'make install' time. Defaults to
1259 $Config{installman3dir}.
1261 =item INSTALLPRIVLIB
1263 Used by 'make install', which copies files from INST_LIB to this
1264 directory if INSTALLDIRS is set to perl.
1268 Used by 'make install' which copies files from INST_SCRIPT to this
1271 =item INSTALLSITELIB
1273 Used by 'make install', which copies files from INST_LIB to this
1274 directory if INSTALLDIRS is set to site (default).
1276 =item INSTALLSITEARCH
1278 Used by 'make install', which copies files from INST_ARCHLIB to this
1279 directory if INSTALLDIRS is set to site (default).
1283 Same as INST_LIB for architecture dependent files.
1287 Directory to put real binary files during 'make'. These will be copied
1288 to INSTALLBIN during 'make install'
1292 Old name for INST_SCRIPT. Deprecated. Please use INST_SCRIPT if you
1297 Directory where we put library files of this extension while building
1302 Directory to hold the man pages at 'make' time
1306 Directory to hold the man pages at 'make' time
1310 Directory, where executable files should be installed during
1311 'make'. Defaults to "./blib/bin", just to have a dummy location during
1312 testing. make install will copy the files in INST_SCRIPT to
1317 defaults to "$(OBJECT)" and is used in the ld command to specify
1318 what files to link/load from (also see dynamic_lib below for how to
1323 The filename of the perllibrary that will be used together with this
1324 extension. Defaults to libperl.a.
1328 An anonymous array of alternative library
1329 specifications to be searched for (in order) until
1330 at least one library is found. E.g.
1332 'LIBS' => ["-lgdbm", "-ldbm -lfoo", "-L/path -ldbm.nfs"]
1334 Mind, that any element of the array
1335 contains a complete set of arguments for the ld
1336 command. So do not specify
1338 'LIBS' => ["-ltcl", "-ltk", "-lX11"]
1340 See ODBM_File/Makefile.PL for an example, where an array is needed. If
1341 you specify a scalar as in
1343 'LIBS' => "-ltcl -ltk -lX11"
1345 MakeMaker will turn it into an array with one element.
1349 'static' or 'dynamic' (default unless usedl=undef in
1350 config.sh). Should only be used to force static linking (also see
1355 Boolean which tells MakeMaker, that it should include the rules to
1356 make a perl. This is handled automatically as a switch by
1357 MakeMaker. The user normally does not need it.
1361 The name of the Makefile to be produced.
1365 Hashref of pod-containing files. MakeMaker will default this to all
1366 EXE_FILES files that include POD directives. The files listed
1367 here will be converted to man pages and installed as was requested
1372 Hashref of .pm and .pod files. MakeMaker will default this to all
1373 .pod and any .pm files that include POD directives. The files listed
1374 here will be converted to man pages and installed as was requested
1379 If it is intended, that a new perl binary be produced, this variable
1380 may hold a name for that binary. Defaults to perl
1384 If the extension links to a library that it builds set this to the
1385 name of the library (see SDBM_File)
1389 Perl module name for this extension (DBD::Oracle). This will default
1390 to the directory name but should be explicitly defined in the
1395 MakeMaker will figure out, if an extension contains linkable code
1396 anywhere down the directory tree, and will set this variable
1397 accordingly, but you can speed it up a very little bit, if you define
1398 this boolean variable yourself.
1402 Defaults to C<@>. By setting it to an empty string you can generate a
1403 Makefile that echos all commands. Mainly used in debugging MakeMaker
1408 Boolean. Attribute to inhibit descending into subdirectories.
1412 List of object files, defaults to '$(BASEEXT)$(OBJ_EXT)', but can be a long
1413 string containing all object files, e.g. "tkpBind.o
1414 tkpButton.o tkpCanvas.o"
1418 Defaults to C<-O>. Set it to C<-g> to turn debugging on. The flag is
1419 passed to subdirectory makes.
1423 Perl binary for tasks that can be done by miniperl
1427 The call to the program that is able to compile perlmain.c. Defaults
1432 Same as above for architecture dependent files
1436 Directory containing the Perl library to use.
1440 Directory containing the Perl source code (use of this should be
1441 avoided, it may be undefined)
1445 Ref to hash of files to be processed as perl programs. MakeMaker
1446 will default to any found *.PL file (except Makefile.PL) being keys
1447 and the basename of the file being the value. E.g.
1449 {'foobar.PL' => 'foobar'}
1451 The *.PL files are expected to produce output to the target files
1456 Hashref of .pm files and *.pl files to be installed. e.g.
1458 {'name_of_file.pm' => '$(INST_LIBDIR)/install_as.pm'}
1460 By default this will include *.pm and *.pl. If a lib directory
1461 exists and is not listed in DIR (above) then any *.pm and *.pl files
1462 it contains will also be included by default. Defining PM in the
1463 Makefile.PL will override PMLIBDIRS.
1467 Ref to array of subdirectories containing library files. Defaults to
1468 [ 'lib', $(BASEEXT) ]. The directories will be scanned and any files
1469 they contain will be installed in the corresponding location in the
1470 library. A libscan() method can be used to alter the behaviour.
1471 Defining PM in the Makefile.PL will override PMLIBDIRS.
1475 Can be used to set the three INSTALL* attributes in one go (except for
1476 probably INSTALLMAN1DIR, if it is not below PREFIX according to
1477 %Config). They will have PREFIX as a common directory node and will
1478 branch from that node into lib/, lib/ARCHNAME or whatever Configure
1479 decided at the build time of your perl (unless you override one of
1484 Hashref: Names of modules that need to be available to run this
1485 extension (e.g. Fcntl for SDBM_File) are the keys of the hash and the
1486 desired version is the value. If the required version number is 0, we
1487 only check if any version is installed already.
1491 Arryref. E.g. [qw(name1 name2)] skip (do not write) sections of the
1492 Makefile. Caution! Do not use the SKIP attribute for the neglectible
1493 speedup. It may seriously damage the resulting Makefile. Only use it,
1494 if you really need it.
1498 Ref to array of typemap file names. Use this when the typemaps are
1499 in some directory other than the current directory or when they are
1500 not named B<typemap>. The last typemap in the list takes
1501 precedence. A typemap in the current directory has highest
1502 precedence, even if it isn't listed in TYPEMAPS. The default system
1503 typemap has lowest precedence.
1507 Your version number for distributing the package. This defaults to
1512 Instead of specifying the VERSION in the Makefile.PL you can let
1513 MakeMaker parse a file to determine the version number. The parsing
1514 routine requires that the file named by VERSION_FROM contains one
1515 single line to compute the version number. The first line in the file
1516 that contains the regular expression
1518 /(\$[\w:]*\bVERSION)\b.*=/
1520 will be evaluated with eval() and the value of the named variable
1521 B<after> the eval() will be assigned to the VERSION attribute of the
1522 MakeMaker object. The following lines will be parsed o.k.:
1525 ( $VERSION ) = '$Revision: 1.201 $ ' =~ /\$Revision:\s+([^\s]+)/;
1526 $FOO::VERSION = '1.10';
1528 but these will fail:
1530 my $VERSION = '1.01';
1531 local $VERSION = '1.02';
1532 local $FOO::VERSION = '1.30';
1534 The file named in VERSION_FROM is added as a dependency to Makefile to
1535 guarantee, that the Makefile contains the correct VERSION macro after
1536 a change of the file.
1540 Hashref of .xs files. MakeMaker will default this. e.g.
1542 {'name_of_file.xs' => 'name_of_file.c'}
1544 The .c files will automatically be included in the list of files
1545 deleted by a make clean.
1549 String of options to pass to xsubpp. This might include C<-C++> or
1550 C<-extern>. Do not include typemaps here; the TYPEMAP parameter exists for
1555 May be set to an empty string, which is identical to C<-prototypes>, or
1556 C<-noprototypes>. See the xsubpp documentation for details. MakeMaker
1557 defaults to the empty string.
1561 Your version number for the .xs file of this package. This defaults
1562 to the value of the VERSION attribute.
1566 =head2 Additional lowercase attributes
1568 can be used to pass parameters to the methods which implement that
1569 part of the Makefile.
1575 {FILES => "*.xyz foo"}
1579 {ANY_TARGET => ANY_DEPENDECY, ...}
1583 {TARFLAGS => 'cvfF', COMPRESS => 'gzip', SUFFIX => 'gz',
1584 SHAR => 'shar -m', DIST_CP => 'ln', ZIP => '/bin/zip',
1585 ZIPFLAGS => '-rl', DIST_DEFAULT => 'private tardist' }
1587 If you specify COMPRESS, then SUFFIX should also be altered, as it is
1588 needed to tell make the target file of the compression. Setting
1589 DIST_CP to ln can be useful, if you need to preserve the timestamps on
1590 your files. DIST_CP can take the values 'cp', which copies the file,
1591 'ln', which links the file, and 'best' which copies symbolic links and
1592 links the rest. Default is 'best'.
1596 {ARMAYBE => 'ar', OTHERLDFLAGS => '...', INST_DYNAMIC_DEP => '...'}
1600 Deprecated as of MakeMaker 5.23. See L<ExtUtils::MM_Unix/pm_to_blib>.
1604 {LINKTYPE => 'static', 'dynamic' or ''}
1606 NB: Extensions that have nothing but *.pm files had to say
1610 with Pre-5.0 MakeMakers. Since version 5.00 of MakeMaker such a line
1611 can be deleted safely. MakeMaker recognizes, when there's nothing to
1616 {ANY_MACRO => ANY_VALUE, ...}
1620 {FILES => '$(INST_ARCHAUTODIR)/*.xyz'}
1622 =item tool_autosplit
1630 # bug in pod2html, so leave the =back
1632 # Don't delete this cut, MM depends on it!
1634 =head2 Overriding MakeMaker Methods
1636 If you cannot achieve the desired Makefile behaviour by specifying
1637 attributes you may define private subroutines in the Makefile.PL.
1638 Each subroutines returns the text it wishes to have written to
1639 the Makefile. To override a section of the Makefile you can
1642 sub MY::c_o { "new literal text" }
1644 or you can edit the default by saying something like:
1647 my($inherited) = shift->SUPER::c_o(@_);
1648 $inherited =~ s/old text/new text/;
1652 If you running experiments with embedding perl as a library into other
1653 applications, you might find MakeMaker not sufficient. You'd better
1654 have a look at ExtUtils::embed which is a collection of utilities for
1657 If you still need a different solution, try to develop another
1658 subroutine, that fits your needs and submit the diffs to
1659 F<perl5-porters@nicoh.com> or F<comp.lang.perl.misc> as appropriate.
1661 For a complete description of all MakeMaker methods see L<ExtUtils::MM_Unix>.
1663 Here is a simple example of how to add a new target to the generated
1668 $(MYEXTLIB): sdbm/Makefile
1669 cd sdbm && $(MAKE) all
1674 =head2 Hintsfile support
1676 MakeMaker.pm uses the architecture specific information from
1677 Config.pm. In addition it evaluates architecture specific hints files
1678 in a C<hints/> directory. The hints files are expected to be named
1679 like their counterparts in C<PERL_SRC/hints>, but with an C<.pl> file
1680 name extension (eg. C<next_3_2.pl>). They are simply C<eval>ed by
1681 MakeMaker within the WriteMakefile() subroutine, and can be used to
1682 execute commands as well as to include special variables. The rules
1683 which hintsfile is chosen are the same as in Configure.
1685 The hintsfile is eval()ed immediately after the arguments given to
1686 WriteMakefile are stuffed into a hash reference $self but before this
1687 reference becomes blessed. So if you want to do the equivalent to
1688 override or create an attribute you would say something like
1690 $self->{LIBS} = ['-ldbm -lucb -lc'];
1692 =head2 Distribution Support
1694 For authors of extensions MakeMaker provides several Makefile
1695 targets. Most of the support comes from the ExtUtils::Manifest module,
1696 where additional documentation can be found.
1700 =item make distcheck
1702 reports which files are below the build directory but not in the
1703 MANIFEST file and vice versa. (See ExtUtils::Manifest::fullcheck() for
1706 =item make skipcheck
1708 reports which files are skipped due to the entries in the
1709 C<MANIFEST.SKIP> file (See ExtUtils::Manifest::skipcheck() for
1712 =item make distclean
1714 does a realclean first and then the distcheck. Note that this is not
1715 needed to build a new distribution as long as you are sure, that the
1716 MANIFEST file is ok.
1720 rewrites the MANIFEST file, adding all remaining files found (See
1721 ExtUtils::Manifest::mkmanifest() for details)
1725 Copies all the files that are in the MANIFEST file to a newly created
1726 directory with the name C<$(DISTNAME)-$(VERSION)>. If that directory
1727 exists, it will be removed first.
1731 Makes a distdir first, and runs a C<perl Makefile.PL>, a make, and
1732 a make test in that directory.
1736 First does a distdir. Then a command $(PREOP) which defaults to a null
1737 command, followed by $(TOUNIX), which defaults to a null command under
1738 UNIX, and will convert files in distribution directory to UNIX format
1739 otherwise. Next it runs C<tar> on that directory into a tarfile and
1740 deletes the directory. Finishes with a command $(POSTOP) which
1741 defaults to a null command.
1745 Defaults to $(DIST_DEFAULT) which in turn defaults to tardist.
1747 =item make uutardist
1749 Runs a tardist first and uuencodes the tarfile.
1753 First does a distdir. Then a command $(PREOP) which defaults to a null
1754 command. Next it runs C<shar> on that directory into a sharfile and
1755 deletes the intermediate directory again. Finishes with a command
1756 $(POSTOP) which defaults to a null command. Note: For shdist to work
1757 properly a C<shar> program that can handle directories is mandatory.
1761 First does a distdir. Then a command $(PREOP) which defaults to a null
1762 command. Runs C<$(ZIP) $(ZIPFLAGS)> on that directory into a
1763 zipfile. Then deletes that directory. Finishes with a command
1764 $(POSTOP) which defaults to a null command.
1768 Does a $(CI) and a $(RCS_LABEL) on all files in the MANIFEST file.
1772 Customization of the dist targets can be done by specifying a hash
1773 reference to the dist attribute of the WriteMakefile call. The
1774 following parameters are recognized:
1777 COMPRESS ('compress')
1780 TO_UNIX (depends on the system)
1781 RCS_LABEL ('rcs -q -Nv$(VERSION_SYM):')
1791 WriteMakefile( 'dist' => { COMPRESS=>"gzip", SUFFIX=>"gz" })
1795 ExtUtils::MM_Unix, ExtUtils::Manifest, ExtUtils::testlib,
1796 ExtUtils::Install, ExtUtils::embed
1800 Andy Dougherty F<E<lt>doughera@lafcol.lafayette.eduE<gt>>, Andreas
1801 KE<ouml>nig F<E<lt>A.Koenig@franz.ww.TU-Berlin.DEE<gt>>, Tim Bunce
1802 F<E<lt>Tim.Bunce@ig.co.ukE<gt>>. VMS support by Charles Bailey
1803 F<E<lt>bailey@genetics.upenn.eduE<gt>>. OS/2 support by Ilya
1804 Zakharevich F<E<lt>ilya@math.ohio-state.eduE<gt>>. Contact the
1805 makemaker mailing list C<mailto:makemaker@franz.ww.tu-berlin.de>, if
1806 you have any questions.