1 BEGIN {require 5.002;} # MakeMaker 5.17 was the last MakeMaker that was compatible with perl5.001m
3 package ExtUtils::MakeMaker;
5 $Version = $VERSION = "5.39";
6 $Version_OK = "5.17"; # Makefiles older than $Version_OK will die
7 # (Will be checked from MakeMaker version 4.13 onwards)
8 ($Revision = substr(q$Revision: 1.208 $, 10)) =~ s/\s+$//;
19 @ISA @EXPORT @EXPORT_OK $AUTOLOAD
20 $ISA_TTY $Is_Mac $Is_OS2 $Is_VMS $Revision $Setup_done
21 $VERSION $Verbose $Version_OK %Config %Keep_after_flush
22 %MM_Sections %Prepend_dot_dot %Recognized_Att_Keys
23 @Get_from_Config @MM_Sections @Overridable @Parent
28 # &DynaLoader::mod2fname should be available to miniperl, thus
29 # should be a pseudo-builtin (cmp. os2.c).
30 #eval {require DynaLoader;};
33 # Set up the inheritance before we pull in the MM_* packages, because they
34 # import variables and functions from here
37 @EXPORT = qw(&WriteMakefile &writeMakefile $Verbose &prompt);
38 @EXPORT_OK = qw($VERSION &Version_check &neatvalue &mkbootstrap &mksymlists
40 # $Version in mixed case will go away!
43 # Dummy package MM inherits actual methods from OS-specific
44 # default packages. We use this intermediate package so
45 # MY::XYZ->func() can call MM->func() and get the proper
46 # default routine without having to know under what OS
49 @MM::ISA = qw[ExtUtils::MM_Unix ExtUtils::Liblist ExtUtils::MakeMaker];
52 # Setup dummy package:
53 # MY exists for overriding methods to be defined within
58 ### sub AUTOLOAD { use Devel::Symdump; print Devel::Symdump->rnew->as_string; Carp::confess "hey why? $AUTOLOAD" }
63 # "predeclare the package: we only load it via AUTOLOAD
64 # but we have already mentioned it in @ISA
65 package ExtUtils::Liblist;
67 package ExtUtils::MakeMaker;
69 # Now we can can pull in the friends
71 $Is_VMS = $^O eq 'VMS';
72 $Is_OS2 = $^O eq 'os2';
73 $Is_Mac = $^O eq 'MacOS';
75 require ExtUtils::MM_Unix;
78 require ExtUtils::MM_VMS;
79 require VMS::Filespec; # is a noop as long as we require it within MM_VMS
82 require ExtUtils::MM_OS2;
85 require ExtUtils::MM_Mac;
88 # The SelfLoader would bring a lot of overhead for MakeMaker, because
89 # we know for sure we will use most of the autoloaded functions once
90 # we have to use one of them. So we write our own loader
94 if (defined fileno(DATA)) {
96 my $o = $/; # For future reads from the file.
108 warn "AUTOLOAD called unexpectedly for $AUTOLOAD";
110 defined(&$AUTOLOAD) or die "Myloader inconsistency error";
114 # The only subroutine we do not SelfLoad is Version_Check because it's
115 # called so often. Loading this minimum still requires 1.2 secs on my
119 my($checkversion) = @_;
120 die "Your Makefile was built with ExtUtils::MakeMaker v $checkversion.
121 Current Version is $ExtUtils::MakeMaker::VERSION. There have been considerable
122 changes in the meantime.
123 Please rerun 'perl Makefile.PL' to regenerate the Makefile.\n"
124 if $checkversion < $Version_OK;
125 printf STDOUT "%s %s %s %s.\n", "Makefile built with ExtUtils::MakeMaker v",
126 $checkversion, "Current Version is", $VERSION
127 unless $checkversion == $VERSION;
131 $_[0] =~ /^Use of uninitialized value/ && return;
132 $_[0] =~ /used only once/ && return;
133 $_[0] =~ /^Subroutine\s+[\w:]+\s+redefined/ && return;
137 sub ExtUtils::MakeMaker::eval_in_subdirs ;
138 sub ExtUtils::MakeMaker::eval_in_x ;
139 sub ExtUtils::MakeMaker::full_setup ;
140 sub ExtUtils::MakeMaker::writeMakefile ;
141 sub ExtUtils::MakeMaker::new ;
142 sub ExtUtils::MakeMaker::check_manifest ;
143 sub ExtUtils::MakeMaker::parse_args ;
144 sub ExtUtils::MakeMaker::check_hints ;
145 sub ExtUtils::MakeMaker::mv_all_methods ;
146 sub ExtUtils::MakeMaker::skipcheck ;
147 sub ExtUtils::MakeMaker::flush ;
148 sub ExtUtils::MakeMaker::mkbootstrap ;
149 sub ExtUtils::MakeMaker::mksymlists ;
150 sub ExtUtils::MakeMaker::neatvalue ;
151 sub ExtUtils::MakeMaker::selfdocument ;
152 sub ExtUtils::MakeMaker::WriteMakefile ;
153 sub ExtUtils::MakeMaker::prompt ;
159 package ExtUtils::MakeMaker;
162 Carp::croak "WriteMakefile: Need even number of args" if @_ % 2;
163 local $SIG{__WARN__} = \&warnhandler;
165 unless ($Setup_done++){
167 undef &ExtUtils::MakeMaker::full_setup; #safe memory
170 MM->new(\%att)->flush;
175 $ISA_TTY = -t STDIN && -t STDOUT ;
176 Carp::confess("prompt function called without an argument") unless defined $mess;
177 my $dispdef = defined $def ? "[$def] " : " ";
178 $def = defined $def ? $def : "";
182 print "$mess $dispdef";
183 chomp($ans = <STDIN>);
188 sub eval_in_subdirs {
194 foreach $dir (@{$self->{DIR}}){
195 my($abs) = $self->catdir($pwd,$dir);
196 $self->eval_in_x($abs);
204 chdir $dir or Carp::carp("Couldn't change to directory $dir: $!");
206 # my $fh = new FileHandle;
207 # $fh->open("Makefile.PL") or Carp::carp("Couldn't open Makefile.PL in $dir");
209 open(FH,"Makefile.PL") or Carp::carp("Couldn't open Makefile.PL in $dir");
210 # my $eval = join "", <$fh>;
211 my $eval = join "", <FH>;
216 # if ($@ =~ /prerequisites/) {
217 # die "MakeMaker WARNING: $@";
219 # warn "WARNING from evaluation of $dir/Makefile.PL: $@";
221 warn "WARNING from evaluation of $dir/Makefile.PL: $@";
229 # package name for the classes into which the first object will be blessed
230 $PACKNAME = "PACK000";
234 C CONFIG CONFIGURE DEFINE DIR DISTNAME DL_FUNCS DL_VARS EXE_FILES
235 EXCLUDE_EXT INCLUDE_EXT NO_VC FIRST_MAKEFILE FULLPERL H INC
236 INSTALLARCHLIB INSTALLBIN INSTALLDIRS INSTALLMAN1DIR
237 INSTALLMAN3DIR INSTALLPRIVLIB INSTALLSCRIPT INSTALLSITEARCH
238 INSTALLSITELIB INST_ARCHLIB INST_BIN INST_EXE INST_LIB
239 INST_MAN1DIR INST_MAN3DIR INST_SCRIPT LDFROM LIBPERL_A LIB LIBS
240 LINKTYPE MAKEAPERL MAKEFILE MAN1PODS MAN3PODS MAP_TARGET MYEXTLIB
241 NAME NEEDS_LINKING NOECHO NORECURS OBJECT OPTIMIZE PERL PERLMAINCC
242 PERL_ARCHLIB PERL_LIB PERL_SRC PL_FILES PM PMLIBDIRS PREFIX
243 PREREQ_PM SKIP TYPEMAPS VERSION VERSION_FROM XS XSOPT XSPROTOARG
244 XS_VERSION clean depend dist dynamic_lib linkext macro realclean
251 # ^^^ installpm is deprecated, will go about Summer 96
253 # @Overridable is close to @MM_Sections but not identical. The
254 # order is important. Many subroutines declare macros. These
255 # depend on each other. Let's try to collect the macros up front,
256 # then pasthru, then the rules.
258 # MM_Sections are the sections we have to call explicitly
259 # in Overridable we have subroutines that are used indirectly
265 post_initialize const_config constants tool_autosplit tool_xsubpp
266 tools_other dist macro depend cflags const_loadlibs const_cccmd
271 c_o xs_c xs_o top_targets linkext dlsyms dynamic dynamic_bs
272 dynamic_lib static static_lib manifypods processPL installbin subdirs
273 clean realclean dist_basics dist_core dist_dir dist_test dist_ci
274 install force perldepend makefile staticmake test
276 ); # loses section ordering
278 @Overridable = @MM_Sections;
279 push @Overridable, qw[
281 dir_target libscan makeaperl needs_linking subdir_x test_via_harness
286 push @MM_Sections, qw[
288 pm_to_blib selfdocument
292 # Postamble needs to be the last that was always the case
293 push @MM_Sections, "postamble";
294 push @Overridable, "postamble";
296 # All sections are valid keys.
297 @Recognized_Att_Keys{@MM_Sections} = (1) x @MM_Sections;
299 # we will use all these variables in the Makefile
302 ar cc cccdlflags ccdlflags dlext dlsrc ld lddlflags ldflags libc
303 lib_ext obj_ext ranlib sitelibexp sitearchexp so
307 foreach $item (@Attrib_help){
308 $Recognized_Att_Keys{$item} = 1;
310 foreach $item (@Get_from_Config) {
311 $Recognized_Att_Keys{uc $item} = $Config{$item};
312 print "Attribute '\U$item\E' => '$Config{$item}'\n"
317 # When we eval a Makefile.PL in a subdirectory, that one will ask
318 # us (the parent) for the values and will prepend "..", so that
319 # all files to be installed end up below OUR ./blib
324 INST_BIN 1 INST_EXE 1 INST_LIB 1 INST_ARCHLIB 1 INST_SCRIPT
325 1 MAP_TARGET 1 INST_MAN1DIR 1 INST_MAN3DIR 1 PERL_SRC 1
331 NEEDS_LINKING HAS_LINK_CODE
333 @Keep_after_flush{@keep} = (1) x @keep;
339 The extension you are trying to build apparently is rather old and
340 most probably outdated. We detect that from the fact, that a
341 subroutine "writeMakefile" is called, and this subroutine is not
342 supported anymore since about October 1994.
344 Please contact the author or look into CPAN (details about CPAN can be
345 found in the FAQ and at http:/www.perl.com) for a more recent version
346 of the extension. If you're really desperate, you can try to change
347 the subroutine name from writeMakefile to WriteMakefile and rerun
348 'perl Makefile.PL', but you're most probably left alone, when you do
356 sub ExtUtils::MakeMaker::new {
357 my($class,$self) = @_;
360 print STDOUT "MakeMaker (v$VERSION)\n" if $Verbose;
361 if (-f "MANIFEST" && ! -f "Makefile"){
365 $self = {} unless (defined $self);
369 my(%initial_att) = %$self; # record initial attributes
372 foreach $prereq (sort keys %{$self->{PREREQ_PM}}) {
373 my $eval = "use $prereq $self->{PREREQ_PM}->{$prereq}";
376 warn "Warning: prerequisite $prereq $self->{PREREQ_PM}->{$prereq} not found";
378 delete $self->{PREREQ_PM}{$prereq};
382 # unless (defined $ExtUtils::MakeMaker::useCPAN) {
383 # print qq{MakeMaker WARNING: prerequisites not found (@unsatisfied)
384 # Please install these modules first and rerun 'perl Makefile.PL'.\n};
385 # if ($ExtUtils::MakeMaker::hasCPAN) {
386 # $ExtUtils::MakeMaker::useCPAN = prompt(qq{Should I try to use the CPAN module to fetch them for you?},"yes");
388 # print qq{Hint: You may want to install the CPAN module to autofetch the needed modules\n};
389 # $ExtUtils::MakeMaker::useCPAN=0;
392 # if ($ExtUtils::MakeMaker::useCPAN) {
394 # CPAN->import(@unsatisfied);
396 # die qq{prerequisites not found (@unsatisfied)};
398 # warn qq{WARNING: prerequisites not found (@unsatisfied)};
401 if (defined $self->{CONFIGURE}) {
402 if (ref $self->{CONFIGURE} eq 'CODE') {
403 $self = { %$self, %{&{$self->{CONFIGURE}}}};
405 Carp::croak "Attribute 'CONFIGURE' to WriteMakefile() not a code reference\n";
409 # This is for old Makefiles written pre 5.00, will go away
410 if ( Carp::longmess("") =~ /runsubdirpl/s ){
411 Carp::carp("WARNING: Please rerun 'perl Makefile.PL' to regenerate your Makefiles\n");
414 my $newclass = ++$PACKNAME;
417 print "Blessing Object into class [$newclass]\n" if $Verbose>=2;
418 mv_all_methods("MY",$newclass);
419 bless $self, $newclass;
421 @{"$newclass\:\:ISA"} = 'MM';
424 if (defined $Parent[-2]){
425 $self->{PARENT} = $Parent[-2];
427 for $key (keys %Prepend_dot_dot) {
428 next unless defined $self->{PARENT}{$key};
429 $self->{$key} = $self->{PARENT}{$key};
430 # PERL and FULLPERL may be command verbs instead of full
431 # file specifications under VMS. If so, don't turn them
433 $self->{$key} = $self->catdir("..",$self->{$key})
434 unless $self->file_name_is_absolute($self->{$key})
435 || ($^O eq 'VMS' and ($key =~ /PERL$/ && $self->{key} =~ /^[\w\-\$]$/));
437 $self->{PARENT}->{CHILDREN}->{$newclass} = $self if $self->{PARENT};
439 parse_args($self,@ARGV);
442 $self->{NAME} ||= $self->guess_name;
444 ($self->{NAME_SYM} = $self->{NAME}) =~ s/\W+/_/g;
448 if (! $self->{PERL_SRC} ) {
449 my($pthinks) = $INC{'Config.pm'};
450 $pthinks = VMS::Filespec::vmsify($pthinks) if $Is_VMS;
451 if ($pthinks ne $self->catfile($Config{archlibexp},'Config.pm')){
452 $pthinks =~ s!/Config\.pm$!!;
455 Your perl and your Config.pm seem to have different ideas about the architecture
457 Perl thinks: [$pthinks]
458 Config says: [$Config{archname}]
459 This may or may not cause problems. Please check your installation of perl if you
460 have problems building this extension.
465 $self->init_dirscan();
466 $self->init_others();
468 push @{$self->{RESULT}}, <<END;
469 # This Makefile is for the $self->{NAME} extension to perl.
471 # It was generated automatically by MakeMaker version
472 # $VERSION (Revision: $Revision) from the contents of
473 # Makefile.PL. Don't edit this file, edit Makefile.PL instead.
475 # ANY CHANGES MADE HERE WILL BE LOST!
477 # MakeMaker Parameters:
480 foreach $key (sort keys %initial_att){
481 my($v) = neatvalue($initial_att{$key});
482 $v =~ s/(CODE|HASH|ARRAY|SCALAR)\([\dxa-f]+\)/$1\(...\)/;
484 push @{$self->{RESULT}}, "# $key => $v";
487 # turn the SKIP array into a SKIPHASH hash
489 for $skip (@{$self->{SKIP} || []}) {
490 $self->{SKIPHASH}{$skip} = 1;
492 delete $self->{SKIP}; # free memory
494 if ($self->{PARENT}) {
495 for (qw/install dist dist_basics dist_core dist_dir dist_test dist_ci/) {
496 $self->{SKIPHASH}{$_} = 1;
500 # We run all the subdirectories now. They don't have much to query
501 # from the parent, but the parent has to query them: if they need linking!
502 unless ($self->{NORECURS}) {
503 $self->eval_in_subdirs if @{$self->{DIR}};
507 foreach $section ( @MM_Sections ){
508 print "Processing Makefile '$section' section\n" if ($Verbose >= 2);
509 my($skipit) = $self->skipcheck($section);
511 push @{$self->{RESULT}}, "\n# --- MakeMaker $section section $skipit.";
513 my(%a) = %{$self->{$section} || {}};
514 push @{$self->{RESULT}}, "\n# --- MakeMaker $section section:";
515 push @{$self->{RESULT}}, "# " . join ", ", %a if $Verbose && %a;
516 push @{$self->{RESULT}}, $self->nicetext($self->$section( %a ));
520 push @{$self->{RESULT}}, "\n# End.";
527 print STDOUT "Checking if your kit is complete...\n";
528 require ExtUtils::Manifest;
529 $ExtUtils::Manifest::Quiet=$ExtUtils::Manifest::Quiet=1; #avoid warning
530 my(@missed)=ExtUtils::Manifest::manicheck();
532 print STDOUT "Warning: the following files are missing in your kit:\n";
533 print "\t", join "\n\t", @missed;
535 print STDOUT "Please inform the author.\n";
537 print STDOUT "Looks good\n";
542 my($self, @args) = @_;
544 unless (m/(.*?)=(.*)/){
545 help(),exit 1 if m/^help$/;
546 ++$Verbose if m/^verb/;
549 my($name, $value) = ($1, $2);
550 if ($value =~ m/^~(\w+)?/){ # tilde with optional username
551 $value =~ s [^~(\w*)]
553 ((getpwnam($1))[7] || "~$1") :
557 $self->{uc($name)} = $value;
560 # catch old-style 'potential_libs' and inform user how to 'upgrade'
561 if (defined $self->{potential_libs}){
562 my($msg)="'potential_libs' => '$self->{potential_libs}' should be";
563 if ($self->{potential_libs}){
564 print STDOUT "$msg changed to:\n\t'LIBS' => ['$self->{potential_libs}']\n";
566 print STDOUT "$msg deleted.\n";
568 $self->{LIBS} = [$self->{potential_libs}];
569 delete $self->{potential_libs};
571 # catch old-style 'ARMAYBE' and inform user how to 'upgrade'
572 if (defined $self->{ARMAYBE}){
573 my($armaybe) = $self->{ARMAYBE};
574 print STDOUT "ARMAYBE => '$armaybe' should be changed to:\n",
575 "\t'dynamic_lib' => {ARMAYBE => '$armaybe'}\n";
576 my(%dl) = %{$self->{dynamic_lib} || {}};
577 $self->{dynamic_lib} = { %dl, ARMAYBE => $armaybe};
578 delete $self->{ARMAYBE};
580 if (defined $self->{LDTARGET}){
581 print STDOUT "LDTARGET should be changed to LDFROM\n";
582 $self->{LDFROM} = $self->{LDTARGET};
583 delete $self->{LDTARGET};
585 # Turn a DIR argument on the command line into an array
586 if (defined $self->{DIR} && ref \$self->{DIR} eq 'SCALAR') {
587 # So they can choose from the command line, which extensions they want
588 # the grep enables them to have some colons too much in case they
589 # have to build a list with the shell
590 $self->{DIR} = [grep $_, split ":", $self->{DIR}];
592 # Turn a INCLUDE_EXT argument on the command line into an array
593 if (defined $self->{INCLUDE_EXT} && ref \$self->{INCLUDE_EXT} eq 'SCALAR') {
594 $self->{INCLUDE_EXT} = [grep $_, split '\s+', $self->{INCLUDE_EXT}];
596 # Turn a EXCLUDE_EXT argument on the command line into an array
597 if (defined $self->{EXCLUDE_EXT} && ref \$self->{EXCLUDE_EXT} eq 'SCALAR') {
598 $self->{EXCLUDE_EXT} = [grep $_, split '\s+', $self->{EXCLUDE_EXT}];
601 foreach $mmkey (sort keys %$self){
602 print STDOUT " $mmkey => ", neatvalue($self->{$mmkey}), "\n" if $Verbose;
603 print STDOUT "'$mmkey' is not a known MakeMaker parameter name.\n"
604 unless exists $Recognized_Att_Keys{$mmkey};
611 # We allow extension-specific hints files.
613 return unless -d "hints";
615 # First we look for the best hintsfile we have
617 my($hint)="${^O}_$Config{osvers}";
622 # Also try without trailing minor version numbers.
624 last if -f "hints/$hint.pl"; # found
626 last unless $hint =~ s/_[^_]*$//; # nothing to cut off
628 return unless -f "hints/$hint.pl"; # really there
630 # execute the hintsfile:
632 # my $fh = new FileHandle;
633 # $fh->open("hints/$hint.pl");
635 open(FH,"hints/$hint.pl");
636 # @goodhints = <$fh>;
640 print STDOUT "Processing hints file hints/$hint.pl\n";
641 eval join('',@goodhints);
642 print STDOUT $@ if $@;
648 my($symtab) = \%{"${from}::"};
651 # Here you see the *current* list of methods that are overridable
652 # from Makefile.PL via MY:: subroutines. As of VERSION 5.07 I'm
653 # still trying to reduce the list to some reasonable minimum --
654 # because I want to make it easier for the user. A.K.
656 foreach $method (@Overridable) {
658 # We cannot say "next" here. Nick might call MY->makeaperl
659 # which isn't defined right now
661 # Above statement was written at 4.23 time when Tk-b8 was
662 # around. As Tk-b9 only builds with 5.002something and MM 5 is
663 # standard, we try to enable the next line again. It was
664 # commented out until MM 5.23
666 next unless defined &{"${from}::$method"};
668 *{"${to}::$method"} = \&{"${from}::$method"};
670 # delete would do, if we were sure, nobody ever called
671 # MY->makeaperl directly
673 # delete $symtab->{$method};
675 # If we delete a method, then it will be undefined and cannot
676 # be called. But as long as we have Makefile.PLs that rely on
677 # %MY:: being intact, we have to fill the hole with an
680 eval "package MY; sub $method { shift->SUPER::$method(\@_); }";
683 # We have to clean out %INC also, because the current directory is
684 # changed frequently and Graham Barr prefers to get his version
685 # out of a History.pl file which is "required" so woudn't get
686 # loaded again in another extension requiring a History.pl
688 # With perl5.002_01 the deletion of entries in %INC caused Tk-b11
689 # to core dump in the middle of a require statement. The required
690 # file was Tk/MMutil.pm. The consequence is, we have to be
691 # extremely careful when we try to give perl a reason to reload a
692 # library with same name. The workaround prefers to drop nothing
693 # from %INC and teach the writers not to use such libraries.
696 # foreach $inc (keys %INC) {
697 # #warn "***$inc*** deleted";
705 if ($section eq 'dynamic') {
706 print STDOUT "Warning (non-fatal): Target 'dynamic' depends on targets ",
707 "in skipped section 'dynamic_bs'\n"
708 if $self->{SKIPHASH}{dynamic_bs} && $Verbose;
709 print STDOUT "Warning (non-fatal): Target 'dynamic' depends on targets ",
710 "in skipped section 'dynamic_lib'\n"
711 if $self->{SKIPHASH}{dynamic_lib} && $Verbose;
713 if ($section eq 'dynamic_lib') {
714 print STDOUT "Warning (non-fatal): Target '\$(INST_DYNAMIC)' depends on ",
715 "targets in skipped section 'dynamic_bs'\n"
716 if $self->{SKIPHASH}{dynamic_bs} && $Verbose;
718 if ($section eq 'static') {
719 print STDOUT "Warning (non-fatal): Target 'static' depends on targets ",
720 "in skipped section 'static_lib'\n"
721 if $self->{SKIPHASH}{static_lib} && $Verbose;
723 return 'skipped' if $self->{SKIPHASH}{$section};
731 # my $fh = new FileHandle;
733 print STDOUT "Writing $self->{MAKEFILE} for $self->{NAME}\n";
735 unlink($self->{MAKEFILE}, "MakeMaker.tmp", $Is_VMS ? 'Descrip.MMS' : '');
736 # $fh->open(">MakeMaker.tmp") or die "Unable to open MakeMaker.tmp: $!";
737 open(FH,">MakeMaker.tmp") or die "Unable to open MakeMaker.tmp: $!";
739 for $chunk (@{$self->{RESULT}}) {
740 # print $fh "$chunk\n";
746 my($finalname) = $self->{MAKEFILE};
747 rename("MakeMaker.tmp", $finalname);
748 chmod 0644, $finalname unless $Is_VMS;
750 if ($self->{PARENT}) {
751 foreach (keys %$self) { # safe memory
752 delete $self->{$_} unless $Keep_after_flush{$_};
756 system("$Config::Config{eunicefix} $finalname") unless $Config::Config{eunicefix} eq ":";
759 # The following mkbootstrap() is only for installations that are calling
760 # the pre-4.1 mkbootstrap() from their old Makefiles. This MakeMaker
761 # writes Makefiles, that use ExtUtils::Mkbootstrap directly.
764 !!! Your Makefile has been built such a long time ago, !!!
765 !!! that is unlikely to work with current MakeMaker. !!!
766 !!! Please rebuild your Makefile !!!
770 # Ditto for mksymlists() as of MakeMaker 5.17
773 !!! Your Makefile has been built such a long time ago, !!!
774 !!! that is unlikely to work with current MakeMaker. !!!
775 !!! Please rebuild your Makefile !!!
781 return "undef" unless defined $v;
783 return "q[$v]" unless $t;
785 my(@m, $elem, @neat);
787 foreach $elem (@$v) {
788 push @neat, "q[$elem]";
790 push @m, join ", ", @neat;
794 return "$v" unless $t eq 'HASH';
796 while (($key,$val) = each %$v){
797 last unless defined $key; # cautious programming in case (undef,undef) is true
798 push(@m,"$key=>".neatvalue($val)) ;
800 return "{ ".join(', ',@m)." }";
807 push @m, "\n# Full list of MakeMaker attribute values:";
808 foreach $key (sort keys %$self){
809 next if $key eq 'RESULT' || $key =~ /^[A-Z][a-z]/;
810 my($v) = neatvalue($self->{$key});
811 $v =~ s/(CODE|HASH|ARRAY|SCALAR)\([\dxa-f]+\)/$1\(...\)/;
813 push @m, "# $key => $v";
819 package ExtUtils::MakeMaker;
826 ExtUtils::MakeMaker - create an extension Makefile
830 C<use ExtUtils::MakeMaker;>
832 C<WriteMakefile( ATTRIBUTE =E<gt> VALUE [, ...] );>
836 C<MM-E<gt>new(\%att)-E<gt>flush;>
840 This utility is designed to write a Makefile for an extension module
841 from a Makefile.PL. It is based on the Makefile.SH model provided by
842 Andy Dougherty and the perl5-porters.
844 It splits the task of generating the Makefile into several subroutines
845 that can be individually overridden. Each subroutine returns the text
846 it wishes to have written to the Makefile.
848 MakeMaker is object oriented. Each directory below the current
849 directory that contains a Makefile.PL. Is treated as a separate
850 object. This makes it possible to write an unlimited number of
851 Makefiles with a single invocation of WriteMakefile().
853 =head2 How To Write A Makefile.PL
855 The short answer is: Don't.
857 Always begin with h2xs.
858 Always begin with h2xs!
859 ALWAYS BEGIN WITH H2XS!
861 even if you're not building around a header file, and even if you
862 don't have an XS component.
864 Run h2xs(1) before you start thinking about writing a module. For so
865 called pm-only modules that consist of C<*.pm> files only, h2xs has
866 the C<-X> switch. This will generate dummy files of all kinds that are
867 useful for the module developer.
869 The medium answer is:
871 use ExtUtils::MakeMaker;
872 WriteMakefile( NAME => "Foo::Bar" );
874 The long answer is the rest of the manpage :-)
876 =head2 Default Makefile Behaviour
878 The generated Makefile enables the user of the extension to invoke
880 perl Makefile.PL # optionally "perl Makefile.PL verbose"
882 make test # optionally set TEST_VERBOSE=1
883 make install # See below
885 The Makefile to be produced may be altered by adding arguments of the
886 form C<KEY=VALUE>. E.g.
888 perl Makefile.PL PREFIX=/tmp/myperl5
890 Other interesting targets in the generated Makefile are
892 make config # to check if the Makefile is up-to-date
893 make clean # delete local temp files (Makefile gets renamed)
894 make realclean # delete derived files (including ./blib)
895 make ci # check in all the files in the MANIFEST file
896 make dist # see below the Distribution Support section
900 MakeMaker checks for the existence of a file named F<test.pl> in the
901 current directory and if it exists it adds commands to the test target
902 of the generated Makefile that will execute the script with the proper
903 set of perl C<-I> options.
905 MakeMaker also checks for any files matching glob("t/*.t"). It will
906 add commands to the test target of the generated Makefile that execute
907 all matching files via the L<Test::Harness> module with the C<-I>
908 switches set correctly.
912 A useful variation of the above is the target C<testdb>. It runs the
913 test under the Perl debugger (see L<perldebug>). If the file
914 F<test.pl> exists in the current directory, it is used for the test.
916 If you want to debug some other testfile, set C<TEST_FILE> variable
919 make testdb TEST_FILE=t/mytest.t
921 By default the debugger is called using C<-d> option to perl. If you
922 want to specify some other option, set C<TESTDB_SW> variable:
924 make testdb TESTDB_SW=-Dx
928 make alone puts all relevant files into directories that are named by
929 the macros INST_LIB, INST_ARCHLIB, INST_SCRIPT, INST_MAN1DIR, and
930 INST_MAN3DIR. All these default to something below ./blib if you are
931 I<not> building below the perl source directory. If you I<are>
932 building below the perl source, INST_LIB and INST_ARCHLIB default to
933 ../../lib, and INST_SCRIPT is not defined.
935 The I<install> target of the generated Makefile copies the files found
936 below each of the INST_* directories to their INSTALL*
937 counterparts. Which counterparts are chosen depends on the setting of
938 INSTALLDIRS according to the following table:
943 INST_ARCHLIB INSTALLARCHLIB INSTALLSITEARCH
944 INST_LIB INSTALLPRIVLIB INSTALLSITELIB
946 INST_SCRIPT INSTALLSCRIPT
947 INST_MAN1DIR INSTALLMAN1DIR
948 INST_MAN3DIR INSTALLMAN3DIR
950 The INSTALL... macros in turn default to their %Config
951 ($Config{installprivlib}, $Config{installarchlib}, etc.) counterparts.
953 You can check the values of these variables on your system with
957 And to check the sequence in which the library directories are
958 searched by perl, run
960 perl -le 'print join $/, @INC'
963 =head2 PREFIX and LIB attribute
965 PREFIX and LIB can be used to set several INSTALL* attributes in one
966 go. The quickest way to install a module in a non-standard place might
969 perl Makefile.PL LIB=~/lib
971 This will install the module's architecture-independent files into
972 ~/lib, the architecture-dependent files into ~/lib/$archname/auto.
974 Another way to specify many INSTALL directories with a single
977 perl Makefile.PL PREFIX=~
979 This will replace the string specified by $Config{prefix} in all
980 $Config{install*} values.
982 Note, that in both cases the tilde expansion is done by MakeMaker, not
983 by perl by default, nor by make. Conflicts between parmeters LIB,
984 PREFIX and the various INSTALL* arguments are resolved so that
987 If the user has superuser privileges, and is not working on AFS
988 (Andrew File System) or relatives, then the defaults for
989 INSTALLPRIVLIB, INSTALLARCHLIB, INSTALLSCRIPT, etc. will be appropriate,
990 and this incantation will be the best:
992 perl Makefile.PL; make; make test
995 make install per default writes some documentation of what has been
996 done into the file C<$(INSTALLARCHLIB)/perllocal.pod>. This feature
997 can be bypassed by calling make pure_install.
1001 will have to specify the installation directories as these most
1002 probably have changed since perl itself has been installed. They will
1003 have to do this by calling
1005 perl Makefile.PL INSTALLSITELIB=/afs/here/today \
1006 INSTALLSCRIPT=/afs/there/now INSTALLMAN3DIR=/afs/for/manpages
1009 Be careful to repeat this procedure every time you recompile an
1010 extension, unless you are sure the AFS installation directories are
1013 =head2 Static Linking of a new Perl Binary
1015 An extension that is built with the above steps is ready to use on
1016 systems supporting dynamic loading. On systems that do not support
1017 dynamic loading, any newly created extension has to be linked together
1018 with the available resources. MakeMaker supports the linking process
1019 by creating appropriate targets in the Makefile whenever an extension
1020 is built. You can invoke the corresponding section of the makefile with
1024 That produces a new perl binary in the current directory with all
1025 extensions linked in that can be found in INST_ARCHLIB , SITELIBEXP,
1026 and PERL_ARCHLIB. To do that, MakeMaker writes a new Makefile, on
1027 UNIX, this is called Makefile.aperl (may be system dependent). If you
1028 want to force the creation of a new perl, it is recommended, that you
1029 delete this Makefile.aperl, so the directories are searched-through
1030 for linkable libraries again.
1032 The binary can be installed into the directory where perl normally
1033 resides on your machine with
1037 To produce a perl binary with a different name than C<perl>, either say
1039 perl Makefile.PL MAP_TARGET=myperl
1046 make myperl MAP_TARGET=myperl
1047 make inst_perl MAP_TARGET=myperl
1049 In any case you will be prompted with the correct invocation of the
1050 C<inst_perl> target that installs the new binary into INSTALLBIN.
1052 make inst_perl per default writes some documentation of what has been
1053 done into the file C<$(INSTALLARCHLIB)/perllocal.pod>. This
1054 can be bypassed by calling make pure_inst_perl.
1056 Warning: the inst_perl: target will most probably overwrite your
1057 existing perl binary. Use with care!
1059 Sometimes you might want to build a statically linked perl although
1060 your system supports dynamic loading. In this case you may explicitly
1061 set the linktype with the invocation of the Makefile.PL or make:
1063 perl Makefile.PL LINKTYPE=static # recommended
1067 make LINKTYPE=static # works on most systems
1069 =head2 Determination of Perl Library and Installation Locations
1071 MakeMaker needs to know, or to guess, where certain things are
1072 located. Especially INST_LIB and INST_ARCHLIB (where to put the files
1073 during the make(1) run), PERL_LIB and PERL_ARCHLIB (where to read
1074 existing modules from), and PERL_INC (header files and C<libperl*.*>).
1076 Extensions may be built either using the contents of the perl source
1077 directory tree or from the installed perl library. The recommended way
1078 is to build extensions after you have run 'make install' on perl
1079 itself. You can do that in any directory on your hard disk that is not
1080 below the perl source tree. The support for extensions below the ext
1081 directory of the perl distribution is only good for the standard
1082 extensions that come with perl.
1084 If an extension is being built below the C<ext/> directory of the perl
1085 source then MakeMaker will set PERL_SRC automatically (e.g.,
1086 C<../..>). If PERL_SRC is defined and the extension is recognized as
1087 a standard extension, then other variables default to the following:
1090 PERL_LIB = PERL_SRC/lib
1091 PERL_ARCHLIB = PERL_SRC/lib
1093 INST_ARCHLIB = PERL_ARCHLIB
1095 If an extension is being built away from the perl source then MakeMaker
1096 will leave PERL_SRC undefined and default to using the installed copy
1097 of the perl library. The other variables default to the following:
1099 PERL_INC = $archlibexp/CORE
1100 PERL_LIB = $privlibexp
1101 PERL_ARCHLIB = $archlibexp
1102 INST_LIB = ./blib/lib
1103 INST_ARCHLIB = ./blib/arch
1105 If perl has not yet been installed then PERL_SRC can be defined on the
1106 command line as shown in the previous section.
1109 =head2 Which architecture dependent directory?
1111 If you don't want to keep the defaults for the INSTALL* macros,
1112 MakeMaker helps you to minimize the typing needed: the usual
1113 relationship between INSTALLPRIVLIB and INSTALLARCHLIB is determined
1114 by Configure at perl compilation time. MakeMaker supports the user who
1115 sets INSTALLPRIVLIB. If INSTALLPRIVLIB is set, but INSTALLARCHLIB not,
1116 then MakeMaker defaults the latter to be the same subdirectory of
1117 INSTALLPRIVLIB as Configure decided for the counterparts in %Config ,
1118 otherwise it defaults to INSTALLPRIVLIB. The same relationship holds
1119 for INSTALLSITELIB and INSTALLSITEARCH.
1121 MakeMaker gives you much more freedom than needed to configure
1122 internal variables and get different results. It is worth to mention,
1123 that make(1) also lets you configure most of the variables that are
1124 used in the Makefile. But in the majority of situations this will not
1125 be necessary, and should only be done, if the author of a package
1126 recommends it (or you know what you're doing).
1128 =head2 Using Attributes and Parameters
1130 The following attributes can be specified as arguments to WriteMakefile()
1131 or as NAME=VALUE pairs on the command line:
1135 # The following "=item C" is used by the attrib_help routine
1136 # likewise the "=back" below. So be careful when changing it!
1142 Ref to array of *.c file names. Initialised from a directory scan
1143 and the values portion of the XS attribute hash. This is not
1144 currently used by MakeMaker but may be handy in Makefile.PLs.
1148 Arrayref. E.g. [qw(archname manext)] defines ARCHNAME & MANEXT from
1149 config.sh. MakeMaker will add to CONFIG the following values anyway:
1169 CODE reference. The subroutine should return a hash reference. The
1170 hash may contain further attributes, e.g. {LIBS =E<gt> ...}, that have to
1171 be determined by some evaluation method.
1175 Something like C<"-DHAVE_UNISTD_H">
1179 Ref to array of subdirectories containing Makefile.PLs e.g. [ 'sdbm'
1184 Your name for distributing the package (by tar file). This defaults to
1189 Hashref of symbol names for routines to be made available as
1190 universal symbols. Each key/value pair consists of the package name
1191 and an array of routine names in that package. Used only under AIX
1192 (export lists) and VMS (linker options) at present. The routine
1193 names supplied will be expanded in the same way as XSUB names are
1194 expanded by the XS() macro. Defaults to
1196 {"$(NAME)" => ["boot_$(NAME)" ] }
1200 {"RPC" => [qw( boot_rpcb rpcb_gettime getnetconfigent )],
1201 "NetconfigPtr" => [ 'DESTROY'] }
1205 Array of symbol names for variables to be made available as
1206 universal symbols. Used only under AIX (export lists) and VMS
1207 (linker options) at present. Defaults to []. (e.g. [ qw(
1208 Foo_version Foo_numstreams Foo_tree ) ])
1212 Array of extension names to exclude when doing a static build. This
1213 is ignored if INCLUDE_EXT is present. Consult INCLUDE_EXT for more
1214 details. (e.g. [ qw( Socket POSIX ) ] )
1216 This attribute may be most useful when specified as a string on the
1217 commandline: perl Makefile.PL EXCLUDE_EXT='Socket Safe'
1221 Ref to array of executable files. The files will be copied to the
1222 INST_SCRIPT directory. Make realclean will delete them from there
1227 In general any generated Makefile checks for the current version of
1228 MakeMaker and the version the Makefile was built under. If NO_VC is
1229 set, the version check is neglected. Do not write this into your
1230 Makefile.PL, use it interactively instead.
1232 =item FIRST_MAKEFILE
1234 The name of the Makefile to be produced. Defaults to the contents of
1235 MAKEFILE, but can be overridden. This is used for the second Makefile
1236 that will be produced for the MAP_TARGET.
1240 Perl binary able to run this extension.
1244 Ref to array of *.h file names. Similar to C.
1248 Include file dirs eg: C<"-I/usr/5include -I/path/to/inc">
1252 Array of extension names to be included when doing a static build.
1253 MakeMaker will normally build with all of the installed extensions when
1254 doing a static build, and that is usually the desired behavior. If
1255 INCLUDE_EXT is present then MakeMaker will build only with those extensions
1256 which are explicitly mentioned. (e.g. [ qw( Socket POSIX ) ])
1258 It is not necessary to mention DynaLoader or the current extension when
1259 filling in INCLUDE_EXT. If the INCLUDE_EXT is mentioned but is empty then
1260 only DynaLoader and the current extension will be included in the build.
1262 This attribute may be most useful when specified as a string on the
1263 commandline: perl Makefile.PL INCLUDE_EXT='POSIX Socket Devel::Peek'
1265 =item INSTALLARCHLIB
1267 Used by 'make install', which copies files from INST_ARCHLIB to this
1268 directory if INSTALLDIRS is set to perl.
1272 Directory to install binary files (e.g. tkperl) into.
1276 Determines which of the two sets of installation directories to
1277 choose: installprivlib and installarchlib versus installsitelib and
1278 installsitearch. The first pair is chosen with INSTALLDIRS=perl, the
1279 second with INSTALLDIRS=site. Default is site.
1281 =item INSTALLMAN1DIR
1283 This directory gets the man pages at 'make install' time. Defaults to
1284 $Config{installman1dir}.
1286 =item INSTALLMAN3DIR
1288 This directory gets the man pages at 'make install' time. Defaults to
1289 $Config{installman3dir}.
1291 =item INSTALLPRIVLIB
1293 Used by 'make install', which copies files from INST_LIB to this
1294 directory if INSTALLDIRS is set to perl.
1298 Used by 'make install' which copies files from INST_SCRIPT to this
1301 =item INSTALLSITELIB
1303 Used by 'make install', which copies files from INST_LIB to this
1304 directory if INSTALLDIRS is set to site (default).
1306 =item INSTALLSITEARCH
1308 Used by 'make install', which copies files from INST_ARCHLIB to this
1309 directory if INSTALLDIRS is set to site (default).
1313 Same as INST_LIB for architecture dependent files.
1317 Directory to put real binary files during 'make'. These will be copied
1318 to INSTALLBIN during 'make install'
1322 Old name for INST_SCRIPT. Deprecated. Please use INST_SCRIPT if you
1327 Directory where we put library files of this extension while building
1332 Directory to hold the man pages at 'make' time
1336 Directory to hold the man pages at 'make' time
1340 Directory, where executable files should be installed during
1341 'make'. Defaults to "./blib/bin", just to have a dummy location during
1342 testing. make install will copy the files in INST_SCRIPT to
1347 defaults to "$(OBJECT)" and is used in the ld command to specify
1348 what files to link/load from (also see dynamic_lib below for how to
1353 The filename of the perllibrary that will be used together with this
1354 extension. Defaults to libperl.a.
1358 LIB can only be set at C<perl Makefile.PL> time. It has the effect of
1359 setting both INSTALLPRIVLIB and INSTALLSITELIB to that value regardless any
1363 An anonymous array of alternative library
1364 specifications to be searched for (in order) until
1365 at least one library is found. E.g.
1367 'LIBS' => ["-lgdbm", "-ldbm -lfoo", "-L/path -ldbm.nfs"]
1369 Mind, that any element of the array
1370 contains a complete set of arguments for the ld
1371 command. So do not specify
1373 'LIBS' => ["-ltcl", "-ltk", "-lX11"]
1375 See ODBM_File/Makefile.PL for an example, where an array is needed. If
1376 you specify a scalar as in
1378 'LIBS' => "-ltcl -ltk -lX11"
1380 MakeMaker will turn it into an array with one element.
1384 'static' or 'dynamic' (default unless usedl=undef in
1385 config.sh). Should only be used to force static linking (also see
1390 Boolean which tells MakeMaker, that it should include the rules to
1391 make a perl. This is handled automatically as a switch by
1392 MakeMaker. The user normally does not need it.
1396 The name of the Makefile to be produced.
1400 Hashref of pod-containing files. MakeMaker will default this to all
1401 EXE_FILES files that include POD directives. The files listed
1402 here will be converted to man pages and installed as was requested
1407 Hashref of .pm and .pod files. MakeMaker will default this to all
1408 .pod and any .pm files that include POD directives. The files listed
1409 here will be converted to man pages and installed as was requested
1414 If it is intended, that a new perl binary be produced, this variable
1415 may hold a name for that binary. Defaults to perl
1419 If the extension links to a library that it builds set this to the
1420 name of the library (see SDBM_File)
1424 Perl module name for this extension (DBD::Oracle). This will default
1425 to the directory name but should be explicitly defined in the
1430 MakeMaker will figure out, if an extension contains linkable code
1431 anywhere down the directory tree, and will set this variable
1432 accordingly, but you can speed it up a very little bit, if you define
1433 this boolean variable yourself.
1437 Defaults to C<@>. By setting it to an empty string you can generate a
1438 Makefile that echos all commands. Mainly used in debugging MakeMaker
1443 Boolean. Attribute to inhibit descending into subdirectories.
1447 List of object files, defaults to '$(BASEEXT)$(OBJ_EXT)', but can be a long
1448 string containing all object files, e.g. "tkpBind.o
1449 tkpButton.o tkpCanvas.o"
1453 Defaults to C<-O>. Set it to C<-g> to turn debugging on. The flag is
1454 passed to subdirectory makes.
1458 Perl binary for tasks that can be done by miniperl
1462 The call to the program that is able to compile perlmain.c. Defaults
1467 Same as above for architecture dependent files
1471 Directory containing the Perl library to use.
1475 Directory containing the Perl source code (use of this should be
1476 avoided, it may be undefined)
1480 Ref to hash of files to be processed as perl programs. MakeMaker
1481 will default to any found *.PL file (except Makefile.PL) being keys
1482 and the basename of the file being the value. E.g.
1484 {'foobar.PL' => 'foobar'}
1486 The *.PL files are expected to produce output to the target files
1491 Hashref of .pm files and *.pl files to be installed. e.g.
1493 {'name_of_file.pm' => '$(INST_LIBDIR)/install_as.pm'}
1495 By default this will include *.pm and *.pl. If a lib directory
1496 exists and is not listed in DIR (above) then any *.pm and *.pl files
1497 it contains will also be included by default. Defining PM in the
1498 Makefile.PL will override PMLIBDIRS.
1502 Ref to array of subdirectories containing library files. Defaults to
1503 [ 'lib', $(BASEEXT) ]. The directories will be scanned and any files
1504 they contain will be installed in the corresponding location in the
1505 library. A libscan() method can be used to alter the behaviour.
1506 Defining PM in the Makefile.PL will override PMLIBDIRS.
1510 Can be used to set the three INSTALL* attributes in one go (except for
1511 probably INSTALLMAN1DIR, if it is not below PREFIX according to
1512 %Config). They will have PREFIX as a common directory node and will
1513 branch from that node into lib/, lib/ARCHNAME or whatever Configure
1514 decided at the build time of your perl (unless you override one of
1519 Hashref: Names of modules that need to be available to run this
1520 extension (e.g. Fcntl for SDBM_File) are the keys of the hash and the
1521 desired version is the value. If the required version number is 0, we
1522 only check if any version is installed already.
1526 Arryref. E.g. [qw(name1 name2)] skip (do not write) sections of the
1527 Makefile. Caution! Do not use the SKIP attribute for the neglectible
1528 speedup. It may seriously damage the resulting Makefile. Only use it,
1529 if you really need it.
1533 Ref to array of typemap file names. Use this when the typemaps are
1534 in some directory other than the current directory or when they are
1535 not named B<typemap>. The last typemap in the list takes
1536 precedence. A typemap in the current directory has highest
1537 precedence, even if it isn't listed in TYPEMAPS. The default system
1538 typemap has lowest precedence.
1542 Your version number for distributing the package. This defaults to
1547 Instead of specifying the VERSION in the Makefile.PL you can let
1548 MakeMaker parse a file to determine the version number. The parsing
1549 routine requires that the file named by VERSION_FROM contains one
1550 single line to compute the version number. The first line in the file
1551 that contains the regular expression
1553 /\$(([\w\:\']*)\bVERSION)\b.*\=/
1555 will be evaluated with eval() and the value of the named variable
1556 B<after> the eval() will be assigned to the VERSION attribute of the
1557 MakeMaker object. The following lines will be parsed o.k.:
1560 ( $VERSION ) = '$Revision: 1.208 $ ' =~ /\$Revision:\s+([^\s]+)/;
1561 $FOO::VERSION = '1.10';
1563 but these will fail:
1565 my $VERSION = '1.01';
1566 local $VERSION = '1.02';
1567 local $FOO::VERSION = '1.30';
1569 The file named in VERSION_FROM is added as a dependency to Makefile to
1570 guarantee, that the Makefile contains the correct VERSION macro after
1571 a change of the file.
1575 Hashref of .xs files. MakeMaker will default this. e.g.
1577 {'name_of_file.xs' => 'name_of_file.c'}
1579 The .c files will automatically be included in the list of files
1580 deleted by a make clean.
1584 String of options to pass to xsubpp. This might include C<-C++> or
1585 C<-extern>. Do not include typemaps here; the TYPEMAP parameter exists for
1590 May be set to an empty string, which is identical to C<-prototypes>, or
1591 C<-noprototypes>. See the xsubpp documentation for details. MakeMaker
1592 defaults to the empty string.
1596 Your version number for the .xs file of this package. This defaults
1597 to the value of the VERSION attribute.
1601 =head2 Additional lowercase attributes
1603 can be used to pass parameters to the methods which implement that
1604 part of the Makefile.
1610 {FILES => "*.xyz foo"}
1614 {ANY_TARGET => ANY_DEPENDECY, ...}
1618 {TARFLAGS => 'cvfF', COMPRESS => 'gzip', SUFFIX => 'gz',
1619 SHAR => 'shar -m', DIST_CP => 'ln', ZIP => '/bin/zip',
1620 ZIPFLAGS => '-rl', DIST_DEFAULT => 'private tardist' }
1622 If you specify COMPRESS, then SUFFIX should also be altered, as it is
1623 needed to tell make the target file of the compression. Setting
1624 DIST_CP to ln can be useful, if you need to preserve the timestamps on
1625 your files. DIST_CP can take the values 'cp', which copies the file,
1626 'ln', which links the file, and 'best' which copies symbolic links and
1627 links the rest. Default is 'best'.
1631 {ARMAYBE => 'ar', OTHERLDFLAGS => '...', INST_DYNAMIC_DEP => '...'}
1635 Deprecated as of MakeMaker 5.23. See L<ExtUtils::MM_Unix/pm_to_blib>.
1639 {LINKTYPE => 'static', 'dynamic' or ''}
1641 NB: Extensions that have nothing but *.pm files had to say
1645 with Pre-5.0 MakeMakers. Since version 5.00 of MakeMaker such a line
1646 can be deleted safely. MakeMaker recognizes, when there's nothing to
1651 {ANY_MACRO => ANY_VALUE, ...}
1655 {FILES => '$(INST_ARCHAUTODIR)/*.xyz'}
1657 =item tool_autosplit
1665 # bug in pod2html, so leave the =back
1667 # Don't delete this cut, MM depends on it!
1669 =head2 Overriding MakeMaker Methods
1671 If you cannot achieve the desired Makefile behaviour by specifying
1672 attributes you may define private subroutines in the Makefile.PL.
1673 Each subroutines returns the text it wishes to have written to
1674 the Makefile. To override a section of the Makefile you can
1677 sub MY::c_o { "new literal text" }
1679 or you can edit the default by saying something like:
1682 my($inherited) = shift->SUPER::c_o(@_);
1683 $inherited =~ s/old text/new text/;
1687 If you running experiments with embedding perl as a library into other
1688 applications, you might find MakeMaker not sufficient. You'd better
1689 have a look at ExtUtils::embed which is a collection of utilities for
1692 If you still need a different solution, try to develop another
1693 subroutine, that fits your needs and submit the diffs to
1694 F<perl5-porters@nicoh.com> or F<comp.lang.perl.misc> as appropriate.
1696 For a complete description of all MakeMaker methods see L<ExtUtils::MM_Unix>.
1698 Here is a simple example of how to add a new target to the generated
1703 $(MYEXTLIB): sdbm/Makefile
1704 cd sdbm && $(MAKE) all
1709 =head2 Hintsfile support
1711 MakeMaker.pm uses the architecture specific information from
1712 Config.pm. In addition it evaluates architecture specific hints files
1713 in a C<hints/> directory. The hints files are expected to be named
1714 like their counterparts in C<PERL_SRC/hints>, but with an C<.pl> file
1715 name extension (eg. C<next_3_2.pl>). They are simply C<eval>ed by
1716 MakeMaker within the WriteMakefile() subroutine, and can be used to
1717 execute commands as well as to include special variables. The rules
1718 which hintsfile is chosen are the same as in Configure.
1720 The hintsfile is eval()ed immediately after the arguments given to
1721 WriteMakefile are stuffed into a hash reference $self but before this
1722 reference becomes blessed. So if you want to do the equivalent to
1723 override or create an attribute you would say something like
1725 $self->{LIBS} = ['-ldbm -lucb -lc'];
1727 =head2 Distribution Support
1729 For authors of extensions MakeMaker provides several Makefile
1730 targets. Most of the support comes from the ExtUtils::Manifest module,
1731 where additional documentation can be found.
1735 =item make distcheck
1737 reports which files are below the build directory but not in the
1738 MANIFEST file and vice versa. (See ExtUtils::Manifest::fullcheck() for
1741 =item make skipcheck
1743 reports which files are skipped due to the entries in the
1744 C<MANIFEST.SKIP> file (See ExtUtils::Manifest::skipcheck() for
1747 =item make distclean
1749 does a realclean first and then the distcheck. Note that this is not
1750 needed to build a new distribution as long as you are sure, that the
1751 MANIFEST file is ok.
1755 rewrites the MANIFEST file, adding all remaining files found (See
1756 ExtUtils::Manifest::mkmanifest() for details)
1760 Copies all the files that are in the MANIFEST file to a newly created
1761 directory with the name C<$(DISTNAME)-$(VERSION)>. If that directory
1762 exists, it will be removed first.
1766 Makes a distdir first, and runs a C<perl Makefile.PL>, a make, and
1767 a make test in that directory.
1771 First does a distdir. Then a command $(PREOP) which defaults to a null
1772 command, followed by $(TOUNIX), which defaults to a null command under
1773 UNIX, and will convert files in distribution directory to UNIX format
1774 otherwise. Next it runs C<tar> on that directory into a tarfile and
1775 deletes the directory. Finishes with a command $(POSTOP) which
1776 defaults to a null command.
1780 Defaults to $(DIST_DEFAULT) which in turn defaults to tardist.
1782 =item make uutardist
1784 Runs a tardist first and uuencodes the tarfile.
1788 First does a distdir. Then a command $(PREOP) which defaults to a null
1789 command. Next it runs C<shar> on that directory into a sharfile and
1790 deletes the intermediate directory again. Finishes with a command
1791 $(POSTOP) which defaults to a null command. Note: For shdist to work
1792 properly a C<shar> program that can handle directories is mandatory.
1796 First does a distdir. Then a command $(PREOP) which defaults to a null
1797 command. Runs C<$(ZIP) $(ZIPFLAGS)> on that directory into a
1798 zipfile. Then deletes that directory. Finishes with a command
1799 $(POSTOP) which defaults to a null command.
1803 Does a $(CI) and a $(RCS_LABEL) on all files in the MANIFEST file.
1807 Customization of the dist targets can be done by specifying a hash
1808 reference to the dist attribute of the WriteMakefile call. The
1809 following parameters are recognized:
1812 COMPRESS ('compress')
1815 TO_UNIX (depends on the system)
1816 RCS_LABEL ('rcs -q -Nv$(VERSION_SYM):')
1826 WriteMakefile( 'dist' => { COMPRESS=>"gzip", SUFFIX=>"gz" })
1830 ExtUtils::MM_Unix, ExtUtils::Manifest, ExtUtils::testlib,
1831 ExtUtils::Install, ExtUtils::embed
1835 Andy Dougherty F<E<lt>doughera@lafcol.lafayette.eduE<gt>>, Andreas
1836 KE<ouml>nig F<E<lt>A.Koenig@franz.ww.TU-Berlin.DEE<gt>>, Tim Bunce
1837 F<E<lt>Tim.Bunce@ig.co.ukE<gt>>. VMS support by Charles Bailey
1838 F<E<lt>bailey@genetics.upenn.eduE<gt>>. OS/2 support by Ilya
1839 Zakharevich F<E<lt>ilya@math.ohio-state.eduE<gt>>. Contact the
1840 makemaker mailing list C<mailto:makemaker@franz.ww.tu-berlin.de>, if
1841 you have any questions.