1 package ExtUtils::Liblist;
3 # Broken out of MakeMaker from version 4.11
5 $VERSION = substr q$Revision: 1.20 $, 10;
12 if ($^O eq 'VMS') { return &_vms_ext; }
13 else { return &_unix_os2_ext; }
17 my($self,$potential_libs, $Verbose) = @_;
18 if ($^O =~ 'os2' and $Config{libs}) {
19 # Dynamic libraries are not transitive, so we may need including
20 # the libraries linked against perl.dll again.
22 $potential_libs .= " " if $potential_libs;
23 $potential_libs .= $Config{libs};
25 return ("", "", "", "") unless $potential_libs;
26 print STDOUT "Potential libraries are '$potential_libs':\n" if $Verbose;
28 my($so) = $Config{'so'};
29 my($libs) = $Config{'libs'};
30 my $Config_libext = $Config{lib_ext} || ".a";
33 # compute $extralibs, $bsloadlibs and $ldloadlibs from
35 # this is a rewrite of Andy Dougherty's extliblist in perl
36 # its home is in <distribution>/ext/util
38 my(@searchpath); # from "-L/path" entries in $potential_libs
39 my(@libpath) = split " ", $Config{'libpth'};
40 my(@ldloadlibs, @bsloadlibs, @extralibs, @ld_run_path, %ld_run_path_seen);
41 my($fullname, $thislib, $thispth, @fullname);
42 my($pwd) = cwd(); # from Cwd.pm
45 foreach $thislib (split ' ', $potential_libs){
47 # Handle possible linker path arguments.
48 if ($thislib =~ s/^(-[LR])//){ # save path flag type
51 print STDOUT "$ptype$thislib ignored, directory does not exist\n"
55 unless ($self->file_name_is_absolute($thislib)) {
56 print STDOUT "Warning: $ptype$thislib changed to $ptype$pwd/$thislib\n";
57 $thislib = $self->catdir($pwd,$thislib);
59 push(@searchpath, $thislib);
60 push(@extralibs, "$ptype$thislib");
61 push(@ldloadlibs, "$ptype$thislib");
65 # Handle possible library arguments.
66 unless ($thislib =~ s/^-l//){
67 print STDOUT "Unrecognized argument in LIBS ignored: '$thislib'\n";
72 foreach $thispth (@searchpath, @libpath){
74 # Try to find the full name of the library. We need this to
75 # determine whether it's a dynamically-loadable library or not.
76 # This tends to be subject to various os-specific quirks.
77 # For gcc-2.6.2 on linux (March 1995), DLD can not load
78 # .sa libraries, with the exception of libm.sa, so we
79 # deliberately skip them.
80 if (@fullname = $self->lsdir($thispth,"^lib$thislib\.$so\.[0-9]+")){
81 # Take care that libfoo.so.10 wins against libfoo.so.9.
82 # Compare two libraries to find the most recent version
83 # number. E.g. if you have libfoo.so.9.0.7 and
84 # libfoo.so.10.1, first convert all digits into two
85 # decimal places. Then we'll add ".00" to the shorter
86 # strings so that we're comparing strings of equal length
87 # Thus we'll compare libfoo.so.09.07.00 with
88 # libfoo.so.10.01.00. Some libraries might have letters
89 # in the version. We don't know what they mean, but will
90 # try to skip them gracefully -- we'll set any letter to
91 # '0'. Finally, sort in reverse so we can take the
94 #TODO: iterate through the directory instead of sorting
96 $fullname = "$thispth/" .
100 $ma =~ s/\b(\d)\b/0$1/g;
101 $mb =~ tr/A-Za-z/0/s;
102 $mb =~ s/\b(\d)\b/0$1/g;
103 while (length($ma) < length($mb)) { $ma .= ".00"; }
104 while (length($mb) < length($ma)) { $mb .= ".00"; }
105 # Comparison deliberately backwards
106 $mb cmp $ma;} @fullname)[0];
107 } elsif (-f ($fullname="$thispth/lib$thislib.$so")
108 && (($Config{'dlsrc'} ne "dl_dld.xs") || ($thislib eq "m"))){
109 } elsif (-f ($fullname="$thispth/lib${thislib}_s$Config_libext")
110 && ($thislib .= "_s") ){ # we must explicitly use _s version
111 } elsif (-f ($fullname="$thispth/lib$thislib$Config_libext")){
112 } elsif (-f ($fullname="$thispth/$thislib$Config_libext")){
113 } elsif (-f ($fullname="$thispth/Slib$thislib$Config_libext")){
114 } elsif ($^O eq 'dgux'
115 && -l ($fullname="$thispth/lib$thislib$Config_libext")
116 && readlink($fullname) =~ /^elink:/) {
117 # Some of DG's libraries look like misconnected symbolic
118 # links, but development tools can follow them. (They
121 # libm.a -> elink:${SDE_PATH:-/usr}/sde/\
122 # ${TARGET_BINARY_INTERFACE:-m88kdgux}/usr/lib/libm.a
124 # , the compilation tools expand the environment variables.)
126 print STDOUT "$thislib not found in $thispth\n" if $Verbose;
129 print STDOUT "'-l$thislib' found at $fullname\n" if $Verbose;
130 my($fullnamedir) = dirname($fullname);
131 push @ld_run_path, $fullnamedir unless $ld_run_path_seen{$fullnamedir}++;
135 # Now update library lists
137 # what do we know about this library...
138 my $is_dyna = ($fullname !~ /\Q$Config_libext\E$/);
139 my $in_perl = ($libs =~ /\B-l\Q$ {thislib}\E\b/s);
141 # Do not add it into the list if it is already linked in
142 # with the main perl executable.
143 # We have to special-case the NeXT, because math and ndbm
144 # are both in libsys_s
146 ($Config{'osname'} eq 'next' &&
147 ($thislib eq 'm' || $thislib eq 'ndbm')) ){
148 push(@extralibs, "-l$thislib");
151 # We might be able to load this archive file dynamically
152 if ( ($Config{'dlsrc'} =~ /dl_next/ && $Config{'osvers'} lt '4_0')
153 || ($Config{'dlsrc'} =~ /dl_dld/) )
155 # We push -l$thislib instead of $fullname because
156 # it avoids hardwiring a fixed path into the .bs file.
157 # Mkbootstrap will automatically add dl_findfile() to
158 # the .bs file if it sees a name in the -l format.
159 # USE THIS, when dl_findfile() is fixed:
160 # push(@bsloadlibs, "-l$thislib");
161 # OLD USE WAS while checking results against old_extliblist
162 push(@bsloadlibs, "$fullname");
165 # For SunOS4, do not add in this shared library if
166 # it is already linked in the main perl executable
167 push(@ldloadlibs, "-l$thislib")
168 unless ($in_perl and $^O eq 'sunos');
170 push(@ldloadlibs, "-l$thislib");
173 last; # found one here so don't bother looking further
175 print STDOUT "Warning (will try anyway): No library found for -l$thislib\n"
178 return ('','','','') unless $found;
179 ("@extralibs", "@bsloadlibs", "@ldloadlibs",join(":",@ld_run_path));
184 my($self, $potential_libs,$verbose) = @_;
185 return ('', '', '', '') unless $potential_libs;
187 my(@dirs,@libs,$dir,$lib,%sh,%olb,%obj);
189 my($so,$lib_ext,$obj_ext) = @Config{'so','lib_ext','obj_ext'};
190 # List of common Unix library names and there VMS equivalents
191 # (VMS equivalent of '' indicates that the library is automatially
192 # searched by the linker, and should be skipped here.)
193 my %libmap = ( 'm' => '', 'f77' => '', 'F77' => '', 'V77' => '', 'c' => '',
194 'malloc' => '', 'crypt' => '', 'resolv' => '', 'c_s' => '',
195 'socket' => '', 'X11' => 'DECW$XLIBSHR',
196 'Xt' => 'DECW$XTSHR', 'Xm' => 'DECW$XMLIBSHR',
197 'Xmu' => 'DECW$XMULIBSHR');
198 if ($Config{'vms_cc_type'} ne 'decc') { $libmap{'curses'} = 'VAXCCURSE'; }
200 print STDOUT "Potential libraries are '$potential_libs'\n" if $verbose;
202 # First, sort out directories and library names in the input
203 foreach $lib (split ' ',$potential_libs) {
204 push(@dirs,$1), next if $lib =~ /^-L(.*)/;
205 push(@dirs,$lib), next if $lib =~ /[:>\]]$/;
206 push(@dirs,$lib), next if -d $lib;
207 push(@libs,$1), next if $lib =~ /^-l(.*)/;
210 push(@dirs,split(' ',$Config{'libpth'}));
212 # Now make sure we've got VMS-syntax absolute directory specs
213 # (We don't, however, check whether someone's hidden a relative
214 # path in a logical name.)
215 foreach $dir (@dirs) {
217 print STDOUT "Skipping nonexistent Directory $dir\n" if $verbose > 1;
221 print STDOUT "Resolving directory $dir\n" if $verbose;
222 if ($self->file_name_is_absolute($dir)) { $dir = $self->fixpath($dir,1); }
223 else { $dir = $self->catdir($cwd,$dir); }
225 @dirs = grep { length($_) } @dirs;
226 unshift(@dirs,''); # Check each $lib without additions first
228 LIB: foreach $lib (@libs) {
229 if (exists $libmap{$lib}) {
230 next unless length $libmap{$lib};
231 $lib = $libmap{$lib};
234 my(@variants,$variant,$name,$test,$cand);
237 # If we don't have a file type, consider it a possibly abbreviated name and
238 # check for common variants. We try these first to grab libraries before
239 # a like-named executable image (e.g. -lperl resolves to perlshr.exe
241 if ($lib !~ /\.[^:>\]]*$/) {
242 push(@variants,"${lib}shr","${lib}rtl","${lib}lib");
243 push(@variants,"lib$lib") if $lib !~ /[:>\]]/;
245 push(@variants,$lib);
246 print STDOUT "Looking for $lib\n" if $verbose;
247 foreach $variant (@variants) {
248 foreach $dir (@dirs) {
251 $name = "$dir$variant";
252 print "\tChecking $name\n" if $verbose > 2;
253 if (-f ($test = VMS::Filespec::rmsexpand($name))) {
254 # It's got its own suffix, so we'll have to figure out the type
255 if ($test =~ /(?:$so|exe)$/i) { $type = 'sh'; }
256 elsif ($test =~ /(?:$lib_ext|olb)$/i) { $type = 'olb'; }
257 elsif ($test =~ /(?:$obj_ext|obj)$/i) {
258 print STDOUT "Warning (will try anyway): Plain object file $test found in library list\n";
262 print STDOUT "Warning (will try anyway): Unknown library type for $test; assuming shared\n";
266 elsif (-f ($test = VMS::Filespec::rmsexpand($name,$so)) or
267 -f ($test = VMS::Filespec::rmsexpand($name,'.exe'))) {
269 $name = $test unless $test =~ /exe;?\d*$/i;
271 elsif (not length($ctype) and # If we've got a lib already, don't bother
272 ( -f ($test = VMS::Filespec::rmsexpand($name,$lib_ext)) or
273 -f ($test = VMS::Filespec::rmsexpand($name,'.olb')))) {
275 $name = $test unless $test =~ /olb;?\d*$/i;
277 elsif (not length($ctype) and # If we've got a lib already, don't bother
278 ( -f ($test = VMS::Filespec::rmsexpand($name,$obj_ext)) or
279 -f ($test = VMS::Filespec::rmsexpand($name,'.obj')))) {
280 print STDOUT "Warning (will try anyway): Plain object file $test found in library list\n";
282 $name = $test unless $test =~ /obj;?\d*$/i;
285 $ctype = $type; $cand = $name;
286 last if $ctype eq 'sh';
290 eval '$' . $ctype . "{'$cand'}++";
291 die "Error recording library: $@" if $@;
292 print STDOUT "\tFound as $name (really $test), type $type\n" if $verbose > 1;
296 print STDOUT "Warning (will try anyway): No library found for $lib\n";
299 @libs = sort keys %obj;
300 # This has to precede any other CRTLs, so just make it first
301 if ($olb{VAXCCURSE}) {
302 push(@libs,"$olb{VAXCCURSE}/Library");
303 delete $olb{VAXCCURSE};
305 push(@libs, map { "$_/Library" } sort keys %olb);
306 push(@libs, map { "$_/Share" } sort keys %sh);
307 $lib = join(' ',@libs);
308 print "Result: $lib\n" if $verbose;
309 wantarray ? ($lib, '', $lib, '') : $lib;
318 ExtUtils::Liblist - determine libraries to use and how to use them
322 C<require ExtUtils::Liblist;>
324 C<ExtUtils::Liblist::ext($potential_libs, $Verbose);>
328 This utility takes a list of libraries in the form C<-llib1 -llib2
329 -llib3> and prints out lines suitable for inclusion in an extension
330 Makefile. Extra library paths may be included with the form
331 C<-L/another/path> this will affect the searches for all subsequent
334 It returns an array of four scalar values: EXTRALIBS, BSLOADLIBS,
335 LDLOADLIBS, and LD_RUN_PATH.
337 Dependent libraries can be linked in one of three ways:
341 =item * For static extensions
343 by the ld command when the perl binary is linked with the extension
344 library. See EXTRALIBS below.
346 =item * For dynamic extensions
348 by the ld command when the shared object is built/linked. See
351 =item * For dynamic extensions
353 by the DynaLoader when the shared object is loaded. See BSLOADLIBS
360 List of libraries that need to be linked with when linking a perl
361 binary which includes this extension Only those libraries that
362 actually exist are included. These are written to a file and used
365 =head2 LDLOADLIBS and LD_RUN_PATH
367 List of those libraries which can or must be linked into the shared
368 library when created using ld. These may be static or dynamic
369 libraries. LD_RUN_PATH is a colon separated list of the directories
370 in LDLOADLIBS. It is passed as an environment variable to the process
371 that links the shared library.
375 List of those libraries that are needed but can be linked in
376 dynamically at run time on this platform. SunOS/Solaris does not need
377 this because ld records the information (from LDLOADLIBS) into the
378 object file. This list is used to create a .bs (bootstrap) file.
382 This module deals with a lot of system dependencies and has quite a
383 few architecture specific B<if>s in the code.
385 =head2 VMS implementation
387 The version of ext() which is executed under VMS differs from the
388 Unix-OS/2 version in several respects:
394 Input library and path specifications are accepted with or without the
395 C<-l> and C<-L> prefices used by Unix linkers. If neither prefix is
396 present, a token is considered a directory to search if it is in fact
397 a directory, and a library to search for otherwise. Authors who wish
398 their extensions to be portable to Unix or OS/2 should use the Unix
399 prefixes, since the Unix-OS/2 version of ext() requires them.
403 Wherever possible, shareable images are preferred to object libraries,
404 and object libraries to plain object files. In accordance with VMS
405 naming conventions, ext() looks for files named I<lib>shr and I<lib>rtl;
406 it also looks for I<lib>lib and libI<lib> to accomodate Unix conventions
407 used in some ported software.
411 For each library that is found, an appropriate directive for a linker options
412 file is generated. The return values are space-separated strings of
413 these directives, rather than elements used on the linker command line.
417 LDLOADLIBS and EXTRALIBS are always identical under VMS, and BSLOADLIBS
418 and LD_RIN_PATH are always empty.
422 In addition, an attempt is made to recognize several common Unix library
423 names, and filter them out or convert them to their VMS equivalents, as
426 In general, the VMS version of ext() should properly handle input from
427 extensions originally designed for a Unix or VMS environment. If you
428 encounter problems, or discover cases where the search could be improved,
433 L<ExtUtils::MakeMaker>