7 use base qw/DBIx::Class::Componentised Class::Data::Accessor/;
9 sub mk_classdata { shift->mk_classaccessor(@_); }
10 sub component_base_class { 'DBIx::Class' }
12 # Always remember to do all digits for the version even if they're 0
13 # i.e. first release of 0.XX *must* be 0.XX000. This avoids fBSD ports
14 # brain damage and presumably various other packaging systems too
18 sub MODIFY_CODE_ATTRIBUTES {
19 my ($class,$code,@attrs) = @_;
20 $class->mk_classdata('__attr_cache' => {})
21 unless $class->can('__attr_cache');
22 $class->__attr_cache->{$code} = [@attrs];
28 my $cache = $self->can('__attr_cache') ? $self->__attr_cache : {};
29 my $rest = eval { $self->next::method };
30 return $@ ? $cache : { %$cache, %$rest };
37 DBIx::Class - Extensible and flexible object <-> relational mapper.
41 Create a base schema class called DB/Main.pm:
44 use base qw/DBIx::Class::Schema/;
46 __PACKAGE__->load_classes();
50 Create a class to represent artists, who have many CDs, in DB/Main/Artist.pm:
52 package DB::Main::Artist;
53 use base qw/DBIx::Class/;
55 __PACKAGE__->load_components(qw/PK::Auto Core/);
56 __PACKAGE__->table('artist');
57 __PACKAGE__->add_columns(qw/ artistid name /);
58 __PACKAGE__->set_primary_key('artistid');
59 __PACKAGE__->has_many('cds' => 'DB::Main::CD');
63 A class to represent a CD, which belongs to an artist, in DB/Main/CD.pm:
66 use base qw/DBIx::Class/;
68 __PACKAGE__->load_components(qw/PK::Auto Core/);
69 __PACKAGE__->table('cd');
70 __PACKAGE__->add_columns(qw/ cdid artist title year/);
71 __PACKAGE__->set_primary_key('cdid');
72 __PACKAGE__->belongs_to('artist' => 'DB::Main::Artist');
76 Then you can use these classes in your application's code:
78 # Connect to your database.
79 my $ds = DB::Main->connect(@dbi_dsn);
81 # Query for all artists and put them in an array,
82 # or retrieve them as a result set object.
83 my @all_artists = $ds->resultset('Artist')->all;
84 my $all_artists_rs = $ds->resultset('Artist');
86 # Create a result set to search for artists.
87 # This does not query the DB.
88 my $johns_rs = $ds->resultset('Artist')->search(
89 # Build your WHERE using an SQL::Abstract structure:
90 { 'name' => { 'like', 'John%' } }
93 # This executes a joined query to get the cds
94 my @all_john_cds = $johns_rs->search_related('cds')->all;
96 # Queries but only fetches one row so far.
97 my $first_john = $johns_rs->next;
99 my $first_john_cds_by_title_rs = $first_john->cds(
101 { order_by => 'title' }
104 my $millennium_cds_rs = $ds->resultset('CD')->search(
106 { prefetch => 'artist' }
109 my $cd = $millennium_cds_rs->next; # SELECT ... FROM cds JOIN artists ...
110 my $cd_artist_name = $cd->artist->name; # Already has the data so no query
112 my $new_cd = $ds->resultset('CD')->new({ title => 'Spoon' });
113 $new_cd->artist($cd->artist);
114 $new_cd->insert; # Auto-increment primary key filled in after INSERT
115 $new_cd->title('Fork');
117 $ds->txn_do(sub { $new_cd->update }); # Runs the update in a transaction
119 $millennium_cds_rs->update({ year => 2002 }); # Single-query bulk update
123 This is an SQL to OO mapper with an object API inspired by L<Class::DBI>
124 (and a compatibility layer as a springboard for porting) and a resultset API
125 that allows abstract encapsulation of database operations. It aims to make
126 representing queries in your code as perl-ish as possible while still
127 providing access to as many of the capabilities of the database as possible,
128 including retrieving related records from multiple tables in a single query,
129 JOIN, LEFT JOIN, COUNT, DISTINCT, GROUP BY and HAVING support.
131 DBIx::Class can handle multi-column primary and foreign keys, complex
132 queries and database-level paging, and does its best to only query the
133 database when it actually needs to in order to return something you've directly
134 asked for. If a resultset is used as an iterator it only fetches rows off
135 the statement handle as requested in order to minimise memory usage. It
136 has auto-increment support for SQLite, MySQL, PostgreSQL, Oracle, SQL
137 Server and DB2 and is known to be used in production on at least the first
138 four, and is fork- and thread-safe out of the box (although your DBD may not
141 This project is still under rapid development, so features added in the
142 latest major release may not work 100% yet - check the Changes if you run
143 into trouble, and beware of anything explicitly marked EXPERIMENTAL. Failing
144 test cases are *always* welcome and point releases are put out rapidly as
145 bugs are found and fixed.
147 Even so, we do our best to maintain full backwards compatibility for published
148 APIs since DBIx::Class is used in production in a number of organisations;
149 the test suite is now fairly substantial and several developer releases are
150 generally made to CPAN before the -current branch is merged back to trunk for
153 The community can be found via -
155 Mailing list: http://lists.rawmode.org/mailman/listinfo/dbix-class/
157 SVN: http://dev.catalyst.perl.org/repos/bast/trunk/DBIx-Class/
159 Wiki: http://dbix-class.shadowcatsystems.co.uk/
161 IRC: irc.perl.org#dbix-class
163 =head1 WHERE TO GO NEXT
167 =item L<DBIx::Class::Manual> - user's manual
169 =item L<DBIx::Class::Core> - DBIC Core Classes
171 =item L<DBIx::Class::CDBICompat> - L<Class::DBI> Compat layer
173 =item L<DBIx::Class::Schema> - schema and connection container
175 =item L<DBIx::Class::ResultSource> - tables and table-like things
177 =item L<DBIx::Class::ResultSet> - encapsulates a query and its results
179 =item L<DBIx::Class::Row> - row-level methods
181 =item L<DBIx::Class::PK> - primary key methods
183 =item L<DBIx::Class::Relationship> - relationships between tables
189 mst: Matt S. Trout <mst@shadowcatsystems.co.uk>
193 abraxxa: Alexander Hartmaier <alex_hartmaier@hotmail.com>
195 andyg: Andy Grundman <andy@hybridized.org>
199 blblack: Brandon Black
201 LTJake: Brian Cassidy <bricas@cpan.org>
203 claco: Christopher H. Laco
207 typester: Daisuke Murase <typester@cpan.org>
209 dkubb: Dan Kubb <dan.kubb-cpan@onautopilot.com>
211 Numa: Dan Sully <daniel@cpan.org>
213 dwc: Daniel Westermann-Clark <danieltwc@cpan.org>
215 ningu: David Kamholz <dkamholz@cpan.org>
219 castaway: Jess Robinson
221 quicksilver: Jules Bean
223 jguenther: Justin Guenther <guentherj@agr.gc.ca>
225 draven: Marcus Ramberg <mramberg@cpan.org>
227 nigel: Nigel Metheringham <nigelm@cpan.org>
229 paulm: Paul Makepeace
231 phaylon: Robert Sedlacek <phaylon@dunkelheit.at>
233 sc_: Just Another Perl Hacker
235 konobi: Scott McWhirter
237 scotty: Scotty Allen <scotty@scottyallen.com>
245 You may distribute this code under the same terms as Perl itself.