9 use DBIx::Class::Optional::Dependencies;
11 use vars qw($VERSION);
12 use base qw/DBIx::Class::Componentised Class::Accessor::Grouped/;
13 use DBIx::Class::StartupCheck;
16 shift->mk_classaccessor(@_);
19 sub mk_classaccessor {
21 $self->mk_group_accessors('inherited', $_[0]);
22 $self->set_inherited(@_) if @_ > 1;
25 sub component_base_class { 'DBIx::Class' }
27 # Always remember to do all digits for the version even if they're 0
28 # i.e. first release of 0.XX *must* be 0.XX000. This avoids fBSD ports
29 # brain damage and presumably various other packaging systems too
30 $VERSION = '0.08123_01';
32 $VERSION = eval $VERSION if $VERSION =~ /_/; # numify for warning-free dev releases
34 sub MODIFY_CODE_ATTRIBUTES {
35 my ($class,$code,@attrs) = @_;
36 $class->mk_classdata('__attr_cache' => {})
37 unless $class->can('__attr_cache');
38 $class->__attr_cache->{$code} = [@attrs];
44 my $cache = $self->can('__attr_cache') ? $self->__attr_cache : {};
48 %{ $self->maybe::next::method || {} },
56 DBIx::Class - Extensible and flexible object <-> relational mapper.
58 =head1 GETTING HELP/SUPPORT
60 The community can be found via:
64 =item * IRC: irc.perl.org#dbix-class
67 <a href="http://chat.mibbit.com/#dbix-class@irc.perl.org">(click for instant chatroom login)</a>
69 =item * Mailing list: L<http://lists.scsys.co.uk/mailman/listinfo/dbix-class>
71 =item * RT Bug Tracker: L<https://rt.cpan.org/Dist/Display.html?Queue=DBIx-Class>
73 =item * gitweb: L<http://git.shadowcat.co.uk/gitweb/gitweb.cgi?p=dbsrgits/DBIx-Class.git>
75 =item * git: L<git://git.shadowcat.co.uk/dbsrgits/DBIx-Class.git>
77 =item * twitter L<http://www.twitter.com/dbix_class>
83 Create a schema class called MyDB/Schema.pm:
86 use base qw/DBIx::Class::Schema/;
88 __PACKAGE__->load_namespaces();
92 Create a result class to represent artists, who have many CDs, in
93 MyDB/Schema/Result/Artist.pm:
95 See L<DBIx::Class::ResultSource> for docs on defining result classes.
97 package MyDB::Schema::Result::Artist;
98 use base qw/DBIx::Class::Core/;
100 __PACKAGE__->table('artist');
101 __PACKAGE__->add_columns(qw/ artistid name /);
102 __PACKAGE__->set_primary_key('artistid');
103 __PACKAGE__->has_many(cds => 'MyDB::Schema::Result::CD');
107 A result class to represent a CD, which belongs to an artist, in
108 MyDB/Schema/Result/CD.pm:
110 package MyDB::Schema::Result::CD;
111 use base qw/DBIx::Class::Core/;
113 __PACKAGE__->load_components(qw/InflateColumn::DateTime/);
114 __PACKAGE__->table('cd');
115 __PACKAGE__->add_columns(qw/ cdid artistid title year /);
116 __PACKAGE__->set_primary_key('cdid');
117 __PACKAGE__->belongs_to(artist => 'MyDB::Schema::Artist', 'artistid');
121 Then you can use these classes in your application's code:
123 # Connect to your database.
125 my $schema = MyDB::Schema->connect($dbi_dsn, $user, $pass, \%dbi_params);
127 # Query for all artists and put them in an array,
128 # or retrieve them as a result set object.
129 # $schema->resultset returns a DBIx::Class::ResultSet
130 my @all_artists = $schema->resultset('Artist')->all;
131 my $all_artists_rs = $schema->resultset('Artist');
133 # Output all artists names
134 # $artist here is a DBIx::Class::Row, which has accessors
135 # for all its columns. Rows are also subclasses of your Result class.
136 foreach $artist (@all_artists) {
137 print $artist->name, "\n";
140 # Create a result set to search for artists.
141 # This does not query the DB.
142 my $johns_rs = $schema->resultset('Artist')->search(
143 # Build your WHERE using an SQL::Abstract structure:
144 { name => { like => 'John%' } }
147 # Execute a joined query to get the cds.
148 my @all_john_cds = $johns_rs->search_related('cds')->all;
150 # Fetch the next available row.
151 my $first_john = $johns_rs->next;
153 # Specify ORDER BY on the query.
154 my $first_john_cds_by_title_rs = $first_john->cds(
156 { order_by => 'title' }
159 # Create a result set that will fetch the artist data
160 # at the same time as it fetches CDs, using only one query.
161 my $millennium_cds_rs = $schema->resultset('CD')->search(
163 { prefetch => 'artist' }
166 my $cd = $millennium_cds_rs->next; # SELECT ... FROM cds JOIN artists ...
167 my $cd_artist_name = $cd->artist->name; # Already has the data so no 2nd query
169 # new() makes a DBIx::Class::Row object but doesnt insert it into the DB.
170 # create() is the same as new() then insert().
171 my $new_cd = $schema->resultset('CD')->new({ title => 'Spoon' });
172 $new_cd->artist($cd->artist);
173 $new_cd->insert; # Auto-increment primary key filled in after INSERT
174 $new_cd->title('Fork');
176 $schema->txn_do(sub { $new_cd->update }); # Runs the update in a transaction
178 # change the year of all the millennium CDs at once
179 $millennium_cds_rs->update({ year => 2002 });
183 This is an SQL to OO mapper with an object API inspired by L<Class::DBI>
184 (with a compatibility layer as a springboard for porting) and a resultset API
185 that allows abstract encapsulation of database operations. It aims to make
186 representing queries in your code as perl-ish as possible while still
187 providing access to as many of the capabilities of the database as possible,
188 including retrieving related records from multiple tables in a single query,
189 JOIN, LEFT JOIN, COUNT, DISTINCT, GROUP BY, ORDER BY and HAVING support.
191 DBIx::Class can handle multi-column primary and foreign keys, complex
192 queries and database-level paging, and does its best to only query the
193 database in order to return something you've directly asked for. If a
194 resultset is used as an iterator it only fetches rows off the statement
195 handle as requested in order to minimise memory usage. It has auto-increment
196 support for SQLite, MySQL, PostgreSQL, Oracle, SQL Server and DB2 and is
197 known to be used in production on at least the first four, and is fork-
198 and thread-safe out of the box (although your DBD may not be).
200 This project is still under rapid development, so large new features may be
201 marked EXPERIMENTAL - such APIs are still usable but may have edge bugs.
202 Failing test cases are *always* welcome and point releases are put out rapidly
203 as bugs are found and fixed.
205 We do our best to maintain full backwards compatibility for published
206 APIs, since DBIx::Class is used in production in many organisations,
207 and even backwards incompatible changes to non-published APIs will be fixed
208 if they're reported and doing so doesn't cost the codebase anything.
210 The test suite is quite substantial, and several developer releases
211 are generally made to CPAN before the branch for the next release is
212 merged back to trunk for a major release.
214 =head1 WHERE TO GO NEXT
216 L<DBIx::Class::Manual::DocMap> lists each task you might want help on, and
217 the modules where you will find documentation.
221 mst: Matt S. Trout <mst@shadowcatsystems.co.uk>
223 (I mostly consider myself "project founder" these days but the AUTHOR heading
228 abraxxa: Alexander Hartmaier <abraxxa@cpan.org>
230 aherzog: Adam Herzog <adam@herzogdesigns.com>
232 Alexander Keusch <cpan@keusch.at>
234 amiri: Amiri Barksdale <amiri@metalabel.com>
236 amoore: Andrew Moore <amoore@cpan.org>
238 andyg: Andy Grundman <andy@hybridized.org>
242 arcanez: Justin Hunter <justin.d.hunter@gmail.com>
244 ash: Ash Berlin <ash@cpan.org>
246 bert: Norbert Csongradi <bert@cpan.org>
248 blblack: Brandon L. Black <blblack@gmail.com>
250 bluefeet: Aran Deltac <bluefeet@cpan.org>
252 boghead: Bryan Beeley <cpan@beeley.org>
254 bricas: Brian Cassidy <bricas@cpan.org>
256 brunov: Bruno Vecchi <vecchi.b@gmail.com>
258 caelum: Rafael Kitover <rkitover@cpan.org>
260 castaway: Jess Robinson
262 claco: Christopher H. Laco
266 da5id: David Jack Olrik <djo@cpan.org>
268 debolaz: Anders Nor Berle <berle@cpan.org>
270 dew: Dan Thomas <dan@godders.org>
272 dkubb: Dan Kubb <dan.kubb-cpan@onautopilot.com>
274 dnm: Justin Wheeler <jwheeler@datademons.com>
276 dpetrov: Dimitar Petrov <mitakaa@gmail.com>
278 dwc: Daniel Westermann-Clark <danieltwc@cpan.org>
280 dyfrgi: Michael Leuchtenburg <michael@slashhome.org>
282 frew: Arthur Axel "fREW" Schmidt <frioux@gmail.com>
284 goraxe: Gordon Irving <goraxe@cpan.org>
286 gphat: Cory G Watson <gphat@cpan.org>
288 groditi: Guillermo Roditi <groditi@cpan.org>
290 Haarg: Graham Knop <haarg@haarg.org>
292 hobbs: Andrew Rodland <arodland@cpan.org>
294 ilmari: Dagfinn Ilmari MannsE<aring>ker <ilmari@ilmari.org>
296 jasonmay: Jason May <jason.a.may@gmail.com>
300 jgoulah: John Goulah <jgoulah@cpan.org>
302 jguenther: Justin Guenther <jguenther@cpan.org>
304 jhannah: Jay Hannah <jay@jays.net>
306 jnapiorkowski: John Napiorkowski <jjn1056@yahoo.com>
308 jon: Jon Schutz <jjschutz@cpan.org>
310 jshirley: J. Shirley <jshirley@gmail.com>
312 konobi: Scott McWhirter
314 lukes: Luke Saunders <luke.saunders@gmail.com>
316 marcus: Marcus Ramberg <mramberg@cpan.org>
318 mattlaw: Matt Lawrence
320 michaelr: Michael Reddick <michael.reddick@gmail.com>
322 ned: Neil de Carteret
324 nigel: Nigel Metheringham <nigelm@cpan.org>
326 ningu: David Kamholz <dkamholz@cpan.org>
328 Nniuq: Ron "Quinn" Straight" <quinnfazigu@gmail.org>
330 norbi: Norbert Buchmuller <norbi@nix.hu>
332 nuba: Nuba Princigalli <nuba@cpan.org>
334 Numa: Dan Sully <daniel@cpan.org>
336 ovid: Curtis "Ovid" Poe <ovid@cpan.org>
338 oyse: Øystein Torget <oystein.torget@dnv.com>
340 paulm: Paul Makepeace
342 penguin: K J Cheetham
344 perigrin: Chris Prather <chris@prather.org>
346 peter: Peter Collingbourne <peter@pcc.me.uk>
348 phaylon: Robert Sedlacek <phaylon@dunkelheit.at>
350 plu: Johannes Plunien <plu@cpan.org>
352 Possum: Daniel LeWarne <possum@cpan.org>
354 quicksilver: Jules Bean
356 rafl: Florian Ragwitz <rafl@debian.org>
358 rainboxx: Matthias Dietrich <perl@rb.ly>
360 rbo: Robert Bohne <rbo@cpan.org>
362 rbuels: Robert Buels <rmb32@cornell.edu>
364 rdj: Ryan D Johnson <ryan@innerfence.com>
366 ribasushi: Peter Rabbitson <ribasushi@cpan.org>
368 rjbs: Ricardo Signes <rjbs@cpan.org>
370 robkinyon: Rob Kinyon <rkinyon@cpan.org>
372 Roman: Roman Filippov <romanf@cpan.org>
374 sc_: Just Another Perl Hacker
376 scotty: Scotty Allen <scotty@scottyallen.com>
378 semifor: Marc Mims <marc@questright.com>
380 solomon: Jared Johnson <jaredj@nmgi.com>
382 spb: Stephen Bennett <stephen@freenode.net>
384 sszabo: Stephan Szabo <sszabo@bigpanda.com>
386 teejay : Aaron Trevena <teejay@cpan.org>
392 tonvoon: Ton Voon <tonvoon@cpan.org>
394 triode: Pete Gamache <gamache@cpan.org>
396 typester: Daisuke Murase <typester@cpan.org>
398 victori: Victor Igumnov <victori@cpan.org>
402 willert: Sebastian Willert <willert@cpan.org>
404 wreis: Wallace Reis <wreis@cpan.org>
406 zamolxes: Bogdan Lucaciu <bogdan@wiz.ro>
410 Copyright (c) 2005 - 2010 the DBIx::Class L</AUTHOR> and L</CONTRIBUTORS>
415 This library is free software and may be distributed under the same terms