9 use DBIx::Class::Optional::Dependencies;
11 use vars qw($VERSION);
12 use base qw/DBIx::Class::Componentised Class::Accessor::Grouped/;
13 use DBIx::Class::StartupCheck;
16 shift->mk_classaccessor(@_);
19 sub mk_classaccessor {
21 $self->mk_group_accessors('inherited', $_[0]);
22 $self->set_inherited(@_) if @_ > 1;
25 sub component_base_class { 'DBIx::Class' }
27 # Always remember to do all digits for the version even if they're 0
28 # i.e. first release of 0.XX *must* be 0.XX000. This avoids fBSD ports
29 # brain damage and presumably various other packaging systems too
30 $VERSION = '0.08121_01';
32 $VERSION = eval $VERSION if $VERSION =~ /_/; # numify for warning-free dev releases
34 sub MODIFY_CODE_ATTRIBUTES {
35 my ($class,$code,@attrs) = @_;
36 $class->mk_classdata('__attr_cache' => {})
37 unless $class->can('__attr_cache');
38 $class->__attr_cache->{$code} = [@attrs];
44 my $cache = $self->can('__attr_cache') ? $self->__attr_cache : {};
48 %{ $self->maybe::next::method || {} },
56 DBIx::Class - Extensible and flexible object <-> relational mapper.
58 =head1 GETTING HELP/SUPPORT
60 The community can be found via:
64 =item * IRC: irc.perl.org#dbix-class
67 <a href="http://mibbit.com/chat/#dbix-class@irc.perl.org">(click for instant chatroom login)</a>
69 =item * Mailing list: L<http://lists.scsys.co.uk/mailman/listinfo/dbix-class>
71 =item * RT Bug Tracker: L<https://rt.cpan.org/Dist/Display.html?Queue=DBIx-Class>
73 =item * gitweb: L<http://git.shadowcat.co.uk/gitweb/gitweb.cgi?p=dbsrgits/DBIx-Class.git>
75 =item * git: L<git://git.shadowcat.co.uk/dbsrgits/DBIx-Class.git>
81 Create a schema class called MyDB/Schema.pm:
84 use base qw/DBIx::Class::Schema/;
86 __PACKAGE__->load_namespaces();
90 Create a result class to represent artists, who have many CDs, in
91 MyDB/Schema/Result/Artist.pm:
93 See L<DBIx::Class::ResultSource> for docs on defining result classes.
95 package MyDB::Schema::Result::Artist;
96 use base qw/DBIx::Class::Core/;
98 __PACKAGE__->table('artist');
99 __PACKAGE__->add_columns(qw/ artistid name /);
100 __PACKAGE__->set_primary_key('artistid');
101 __PACKAGE__->has_many(cds => 'MyDB::Schema::Result::CD');
105 A result class to represent a CD, which belongs to an artist, in
106 MyDB/Schema/Result/CD.pm:
108 package MyDB::Schema::Result::CD;
109 use base qw/DBIx::Class::Core/;
111 __PACKAGE__->load_components(qw/InflateColumn::DateTime/);
112 __PACKAGE__->table('cd');
113 __PACKAGE__->add_columns(qw/ cdid artistid title year /);
114 __PACKAGE__->set_primary_key('cdid');
115 __PACKAGE__->belongs_to(artist => 'MyDB::Schema::Artist', 'artistid');
119 Then you can use these classes in your application's code:
121 # Connect to your database.
123 my $schema = MyDB::Schema->connect($dbi_dsn, $user, $pass, \%dbi_params);
125 # Query for all artists and put them in an array,
126 # or retrieve them as a result set object.
127 # $schema->resultset returns a DBIx::Class::ResultSet
128 my @all_artists = $schema->resultset('Artist')->all;
129 my $all_artists_rs = $schema->resultset('Artist');
131 # Output all artists names
132 # $artist here is a DBIx::Class::Row, which has accessors
133 # for all its columns. Rows are also subclasses of your Result class.
134 foreach $artist (@all_artists) {
135 print $artist->name, "\n";
138 # Create a result set to search for artists.
139 # This does not query the DB.
140 my $johns_rs = $schema->resultset('Artist')->search(
141 # Build your WHERE using an SQL::Abstract structure:
142 { name => { like => 'John%' } }
145 # Execute a joined query to get the cds.
146 my @all_john_cds = $johns_rs->search_related('cds')->all;
148 # Fetch the next available row.
149 my $first_john = $johns_rs->next;
151 # Specify ORDER BY on the query.
152 my $first_john_cds_by_title_rs = $first_john->cds(
154 { order_by => 'title' }
157 # Create a result set that will fetch the artist data
158 # at the same time as it fetches CDs, using only one query.
159 my $millennium_cds_rs = $schema->resultset('CD')->search(
161 { prefetch => 'artist' }
164 my $cd = $millennium_cds_rs->next; # SELECT ... FROM cds JOIN artists ...
165 my $cd_artist_name = $cd->artist->name; # Already has the data so no 2nd query
167 # new() makes a DBIx::Class::Row object but doesnt insert it into the DB.
168 # create() is the same as new() then insert().
169 my $new_cd = $schema->resultset('CD')->new({ title => 'Spoon' });
170 $new_cd->artist($cd->artist);
171 $new_cd->insert; # Auto-increment primary key filled in after INSERT
172 $new_cd->title('Fork');
174 $schema->txn_do(sub { $new_cd->update }); # Runs the update in a transaction
176 # change the year of all the millennium CDs at once
177 $millennium_cds_rs->update({ year => 2002 });
181 This is an SQL to OO mapper with an object API inspired by L<Class::DBI>
182 (with a compatibility layer as a springboard for porting) and a resultset API
183 that allows abstract encapsulation of database operations. It aims to make
184 representing queries in your code as perl-ish as possible while still
185 providing access to as many of the capabilities of the database as possible,
186 including retrieving related records from multiple tables in a single query,
187 JOIN, LEFT JOIN, COUNT, DISTINCT, GROUP BY, ORDER BY and HAVING support.
189 DBIx::Class can handle multi-column primary and foreign keys, complex
190 queries and database-level paging, and does its best to only query the
191 database in order to return something you've directly asked for. If a
192 resultset is used as an iterator it only fetches rows off the statement
193 handle as requested in order to minimise memory usage. It has auto-increment
194 support for SQLite, MySQL, PostgreSQL, Oracle, SQL Server and DB2 and is
195 known to be used in production on at least the first four, and is fork-
196 and thread-safe out of the box (although your DBD may not be).
198 This project is still under rapid development, so large new features may be
199 marked EXPERIMENTAL - such APIs are still usable but may have edge bugs.
200 Failing test cases are *always* welcome and point releases are put out rapidly
201 as bugs are found and fixed.
203 We do our best to maintain full backwards compatibility for published
204 APIs, since DBIx::Class is used in production in many organisations,
205 and even backwards incompatible changes to non-published APIs will be fixed
206 if they're reported and doing so doesn't cost the codebase anything.
208 The test suite is quite substantial, and several developer releases
209 are generally made to CPAN before the branch for the next release is
210 merged back to trunk for a major release.
212 =head1 WHERE TO GO NEXT
214 L<DBIx::Class::Manual::DocMap> lists each task you might want help on, and
215 the modules where you will find documentation.
219 mst: Matt S. Trout <mst@shadowcatsystems.co.uk>
221 (I mostly consider myself "project founder" these days but the AUTHOR heading
226 abraxxa: Alexander Hartmaier <abraxxa@cpan.org>
228 aherzog: Adam Herzog <adam@herzogdesigns.com>
230 Alexander Keusch <cpan@keusch.at>
232 amoore: Andrew Moore <amoore@cpan.org>
234 andyg: Andy Grundman <andy@hybridized.org>
238 arcanez: Justin Hunter <justin.d.hunter@gmail.com>
240 ash: Ash Berlin <ash@cpan.org>
242 bert: Norbert Csongradi <bert@cpan.org>
244 blblack: Brandon L. Black <blblack@gmail.com>
246 bluefeet: Aran Deltac <bluefeet@cpan.org>
248 boghead: Bryan Beeley <cpan@beeley.org>
250 bricas: Brian Cassidy <bricas@cpan.org>
252 brunov: Bruno Vecchi <vecchi.b@gmail.com>
254 caelum: Rafael Kitover <rkitover@cpan.org>
256 castaway: Jess Robinson
258 claco: Christopher H. Laco
262 da5id: David Jack Olrik <djo@cpan.org>
264 debolaz: Anders Nor Berle <berle@cpan.org>
266 dew: Dan Thomas <dan@godders.org>
268 dkubb: Dan Kubb <dan.kubb-cpan@onautopilot.com>
270 dnm: Justin Wheeler <jwheeler@datademons.com>
272 dpetrov: Dimitar Petrov <mitakaa@gmail.com>
274 dwc: Daniel Westermann-Clark <danieltwc@cpan.org>
276 dyfrgi: Michael Leuchtenburg <michael@slashhome.org>
278 frew: Arthur Axel "fREW" Schmidt <frioux@gmail.com>
280 goraxe: Gordon Irving <goraxe@cpan.org>
282 gphat: Cory G Watson <gphat@cpan.org>
284 groditi: Guillermo Roditi <groditi@cpan.org>
286 Haarg: Graham Knop <haarg@haarg.org>
288 hobbs: Andrew Rodland <arodland@cpan.org>
290 ilmari: Dagfinn Ilmari MannsE<aring>ker <ilmari@ilmari.org>
292 jasonmay: Jason May <jason.a.may@gmail.com>
296 jgoulah: John Goulah <jgoulah@cpan.org>
298 jguenther: Justin Guenther <jguenther@cpan.org>
300 jhannah: Jay Hannah <jay@jays.net>
302 jnapiorkowski: John Napiorkowski <jjn1056@yahoo.com>
304 jon: Jon Schutz <jjschutz@cpan.org>
306 jshirley: J. Shirley <jshirley@gmail.com>
308 konobi: Scott McWhirter
310 lukes: Luke Saunders <luke.saunders@gmail.com>
312 marcus: Marcus Ramberg <mramberg@cpan.org>
314 mattlaw: Matt Lawrence
316 michaelr: Michael Reddick <michael.reddick@gmail.com>
318 ned: Neil de Carteret
320 nigel: Nigel Metheringham <nigelm@cpan.org>
322 ningu: David Kamholz <dkamholz@cpan.org>
324 Nniuq: Ron "Quinn" Straight" <quinnfazigu@gmail.org>
326 norbi: Norbert Buchmuller <norbi@nix.hu>
328 nuba: Nuba Princigalli <nuba@cpan.org>
330 Numa: Dan Sully <daniel@cpan.org>
332 ovid: Curtis "Ovid" Poe <ovid@cpan.org>
334 oyse: Øystein Torget <oystein.torget@dnv.com>
336 paulm: Paul Makepeace
338 penguin: K J Cheetham
340 perigrin: Chris Prather <chris@prather.org>
342 peter: Peter Collingbourne <peter@pcc.me.uk>
344 phaylon: Robert Sedlacek <phaylon@dunkelheit.at>
346 plu: Johannes Plunien <plu@cpan.org>
348 quicksilver: Jules Bean
350 rafl: Florian Ragwitz <rafl@debian.org>
352 rbo: Robert Bohne <rbo@cpan.org>
354 rbuels: Robert Buels <rmb32@cornell.edu>
356 rdj: Ryan D Johnson <ryan@innerfence.com>
358 ribasushi: Peter Rabbitson <ribasushi@cpan.org>
360 rjbs: Ricardo Signes <rjbs@cpan.org>
362 robkinyon: Rob Kinyon <rkinyon@cpan.org>
364 Roman: Roman Filippov <romanf@cpan.org>
366 sc_: Just Another Perl Hacker
368 scotty: Scotty Allen <scotty@scottyallen.com>
370 semifor: Marc Mims <marc@questright.com>
372 solomon: Jared Johnson <jaredj@nmgi.com>
374 spb: Stephen Bennett <stephen@freenode.net>
376 sszabo: Stephan Szabo <sszabo@bigpanda.com>
378 teejay : Aaron Trevena <teejay@cpan.org>
384 tonvoon: Ton Voon <tonvoon@cpan.org>
386 triode: Pete Gamache <gamache@cpan.org>
388 typester: Daisuke Murase <typester@cpan.org>
390 victori: Victor Igumnov <victori@cpan.org>
394 willert: Sebastian Willert <willert@cpan.org>
396 wreis: Wallace Reis <wreis@cpan.org>
398 zamolxes: Bogdan Lucaciu <bogdan@wiz.ro>
400 Possum: Daniel LeWarne <possum@cpan.org>
404 Copyright (c) 2005 - 2010 the DBIx::Class L</AUTHOR> and L</CONTRIBUTORS>
409 This library is free software and may be distributed under the same terms