7 use base qw/DBIx::Class::Componentised Class::Accessor::Grouped/;
11 shift->mk_classaccessor(@_);
14 sub mk_classaccessor {
16 $self->mk_group_accessors('inherited', $_[0]);
17 $self->set_inherited(@_) if @_ > 1;
20 sub component_base_class { 'DBIx::Class' }
22 # Always remember to do all digits for the version even if they're 0
23 # i.e. first release of 0.XX *must* be 0.XX000. This avoids fBSD ports
24 # brain damage and presumably various other packaging systems too
28 sub MODIFY_CODE_ATTRIBUTES {
29 my ($class,$code,@attrs) = @_;
30 $class->mk_classdata('__attr_cache' => {})
31 unless $class->can('__attr_cache');
32 $class->__attr_cache->{$code} = [@attrs];
38 my $cache = $self->can('__attr_cache') ? $self->__attr_cache : {};
39 my $rest = eval { $self->next::method };
40 return $@ ? $cache : { %$cache, %$rest };
47 DBIx::Class - Extensible and flexible object <-> relational mapper.
51 Create a schema class called DB/Main.pm:
54 use base qw/DBIx::Class::Schema/;
56 __PACKAGE__->load_classes();
60 Create a table class to represent artists, who have many CDs, in DB/Main/Artist.pm:
62 package DB::Main::Artist;
63 use base qw/DBIx::Class/;
65 __PACKAGE__->load_components(qw/PK::Auto Core/);
66 __PACKAGE__->table('artist');
67 __PACKAGE__->add_columns(qw/ artistid name /);
68 __PACKAGE__->set_primary_key('artistid');
69 __PACKAGE__->has_many(cds => 'DB::Main::CD');
73 A table class to represent a CD, which belongs to an artist, in DB/Main/CD.pm:
76 use base qw/DBIx::Class/;
78 __PACKAGE__->load_components(qw/PK::Auto Core/);
79 __PACKAGE__->table('cd');
80 __PACKAGE__->add_columns(qw/ cdid artist title year /);
81 __PACKAGE__->set_primary_key('cdid');
82 __PACKAGE__->belongs_to(artist => 'DB::Main::Artist');
86 Then you can use these classes in your application's code:
88 # Connect to your database.
90 my $schema = DB::Main->connect($dbi_dsn, $user, $pass, \%dbi_params);
92 # Query for all artists and put them in an array,
93 # or retrieve them as a result set object.
94 my @all_artists = $schema->resultset('Artist')->all;
95 my $all_artists_rs = $schema->resultset('Artist');
97 # Create a result set to search for artists.
98 # This does not query the DB.
99 my $johns_rs = $schema->resultset('Artist')->search(
100 # Build your WHERE using an SQL::Abstract structure:
101 { name => { like => 'John%' } }
104 # Execute a joined query to get the cds.
105 my @all_john_cds = $johns_rs->search_related('cds')->all;
107 # Fetch only the next row.
108 my $first_john = $johns_rs->next;
110 # Specify ORDER BY on the query.
111 my $first_john_cds_by_title_rs = $first_john->cds(
113 { order_by => 'title' }
116 # Create a result set that will fetch the artist relationship
117 # at the same time as it fetches CDs, using only one query.
118 my $millennium_cds_rs = $schema->resultset('CD')->search(
120 { prefetch => 'artist' }
123 my $cd = $millennium_cds_rs->next; # SELECT ... FROM cds JOIN artists ...
124 my $cd_artist_name = $cd->artist->name; # Already has the data so no query
126 # new() makes a DBIx::Class::Row object but doesnt insert it into the DB.
127 # create() is the same as new() then insert().
128 my $new_cd = $schema->resultset('CD')->new({ title => 'Spoon' });
129 $new_cd->artist($cd->artist);
130 $new_cd->insert; # Auto-increment primary key filled in after INSERT
131 $new_cd->title('Fork');
133 $schema->txn_do(sub { $new_cd->update }); # Runs the update in a transaction
135 $millennium_cds_rs->update({ year => 2002 }); # Single-query bulk update
139 This is an SQL to OO mapper with an object API inspired by L<Class::DBI>
140 (and a compatibility layer as a springboard for porting) and a resultset API
141 that allows abstract encapsulation of database operations. It aims to make
142 representing queries in your code as perl-ish as possible while still
143 providing access to as many of the capabilities of the database as possible,
144 including retrieving related records from multiple tables in a single query,
145 JOIN, LEFT JOIN, COUNT, DISTINCT, GROUP BY and HAVING support.
147 DBIx::Class can handle multi-column primary and foreign keys, complex
148 queries and database-level paging, and does its best to only query the
149 database in order to return something you've directly asked for. If a
150 resultset is used as an iterator it only fetches rows off the statement
151 handle as requested in order to minimise memory usage. It has auto-increment
152 support for SQLite, MySQL, PostgreSQL, Oracle, SQL Server and DB2 and is
153 known to be used in production on at least the first four, and is fork-
154 and thread-safe out of the box (although your DBD may not be).
156 This project is still under rapid development, so large new features may be
157 marked EXPERIMENTAL - such APIs are still usable but may have edge bugs.
158 Failing test cases are *always* welcome and point releases are put out rapidly
159 as bugs are found and fixed.
161 We do our best to maintain full backwards compatibility for published
162 APIs, since DBIx::Class is used in production in many organisations,
163 and even backwards incompatible changes to non-published APIs will be fixed
164 if they're reported and doing so doesn't cost the codebase anything.
166 The test suite is quite substantial, and several developer releases
167 are generally made to CPAN before the branch for the next release is
168 merged back to trunk for a major release.
170 The community can be found via:
172 Mailing list: http://lists.scsys.co.uk/mailman/listinfo/dbix-class/
174 SVN: http://dev.catalyst.perl.org/repos/bast/DBIx-Class/
176 SVNWeb: http://dev.catalyst.perl.org/svnweb/bast/browse/DBIx-Class/
178 IRC: irc.perl.org#dbix-class
180 =head1 WHERE TO GO NEXT
182 L<DBIx::Class::Manual::DocMap> lists each task you might want help on, and
183 the modules where you will find documentation.
187 mst: Matt S. Trout <mst@shadowcatsystems.co.uk>
189 (I mostly consider myself "project founder" these days but the AUTHOR heading
194 abraxxa: Alexander Hartmaier <alex_hartmaier@hotmail.com>
196 aherzog: Adam Herzog <adam@herzogdesigns.com>
198 andyg: Andy Grundman <andy@hybridized.org>
202 ash: Ash Berlin <ash@cpan.org>
204 blblack: Brandon L. Black <blblack@gmail.com>
206 bluefeet: Aran Deltac <bluefeet@cpan.org>
208 captainL: Luke Saunders <luke.saunders@gmail.com>
210 castaway: Jess Robinson
212 claco: Christopher H. Laco
216 da5id: David Jack Olrik <djo@cpan.org>
218 dkubb: Dan Kubb <dan.kubb-cpan@onautopilot.com>
220 dnm: Justin Wheeler <jwheeler@datademons.com>
222 draven: Marcus Ramberg <mramberg@cpan.org>
224 dwc: Daniel Westermann-Clark <danieltwc@cpan.org>
226 dyfrgi: Michael Leuchtenburg <michael@slashhome.org>
228 gphat: Cory G Watson <gphat@cpan.org>
232 jguenther: Justin Guenther <jguenther@cpan.org>
234 jnapiorkowski: John Napiorkowski <jjn1056@yahoo.com>
236 jshirley: J. Shirley <jshirley@gmail.com>
238 konobi: Scott McWhirter
240 LTJake: Brian Cassidy <bricas@cpan.org>
242 mattlaw: Matt Lawrence
244 ned: Neil de Carteret
246 nigel: Nigel Metheringham <nigelm@cpan.org>
248 ningu: David Kamholz <dkamholz@cpan.org>
250 Numa: Dan Sully <daniel@cpan.org>
252 paulm: Paul Makepeace
254 penguin: K J Cheetham
256 phaylon: Robert Sedlacek <phaylon@dunkelheit.at>
258 quicksilver: Jules Bean
260 sc_: Just Another Perl Hacker
262 scotty: Scotty Allen <scotty@scottyallen.com>
264 sszabo: Stephan Szabo <sszabo@bigpanda.com>
268 typester: Daisuke Murase <typester@cpan.org>
270 victori: Victor Igumnov <victori@cpan.org>
274 willert: Sebastian Willert <willert@cpan.org>
276 zamolxes: Bogdan Lucaciu <bogdan@wiz.ro>
280 You may distribute this code under the same terms as Perl itself.