9 use DBIx::Class::Optional::Dependencies;
11 use vars qw($VERSION);
12 use base qw/DBIx::Class::Componentised Class::Accessor::Grouped/;
13 use DBIx::Class::StartupCheck;
16 shift->mk_classaccessor(@_);
19 sub mk_classaccessor {
21 $self->mk_group_accessors('inherited', $_[0]);
22 $self->set_inherited(@_) if @_ > 1;
25 sub component_base_class { 'DBIx::Class' }
27 # Always remember to do all digits for the version even if they're 0
28 # i.e. first release of 0.XX *must* be 0.XX000. This avoids fBSD ports
29 # brain damage and presumably various other packaging systems too
30 $VERSION = '0.08119_1';
32 $VERSION = eval $VERSION; # numify for warning-free dev releases
34 sub MODIFY_CODE_ATTRIBUTES {
35 my ($class,$code,@attrs) = @_;
36 $class->mk_classdata('__attr_cache' => {})
37 unless $class->can('__attr_cache');
38 $class->__attr_cache->{$code} = [@attrs];
44 my $cache = $self->can('__attr_cache') ? $self->__attr_cache : {};
45 my $rest = eval { $self->next::method };
46 return $@ ? $cache : { %$cache, %$rest };
53 DBIx::Class - Extensible and flexible object <-> relational mapper.
55 =head1 GETTING HELP/SUPPORT
57 The community can be found via:
61 =item * IRC: L<irc.perl.org#dbix-class (click for instant chatroom login)
62 |http://mibbit.com/chat/#dbix-class@irc.perl.org>
64 =item * Mailing list: L<http://lists.scsys.co.uk/mailman/listinfo/dbix-class>
66 =item * RT Bug Tracker: L<https://rt.cpan.org/Dist/Display.html?Queue=DBIx-Class>
68 =item * SVNWeb: L<http://dev.catalyst.perl.org/svnweb/bast/browse/DBIx-Class/0.08>
70 =item * SVN: L<http://dev.catalyst.perl.org/repos/bast/DBIx-Class/0.08>
76 Create a schema class called MyDB/Schema.pm:
79 use base qw/DBIx::Class::Schema/;
81 __PACKAGE__->load_namespaces();
85 Create a result class to represent artists, who have many CDs, in
86 MyDB/Schema/Result/Artist.pm:
88 See L<DBIx::Class::ResultSource> for docs on defining result classes.
90 package MyDB::Schema::Result::Artist;
91 use base qw/DBIx::Class::Core/;
93 __PACKAGE__->table('artist');
94 __PACKAGE__->add_columns(qw/ artistid name /);
95 __PACKAGE__->set_primary_key('artistid');
96 __PACKAGE__->has_many(cds => 'MyDB::Schema::Result::CD');
100 A result class to represent a CD, which belongs to an artist, in
101 MyDB/Schema/Result/CD.pm:
103 package MyDB::Schema::Result::CD;
104 use base qw/DBIx::Class::Core/;
106 __PACKAGE__->load_components(qw/InflateColumn::DateTime/);
107 __PACKAGE__->table('cd');
108 __PACKAGE__->add_columns(qw/ cdid artistid title year /);
109 __PACKAGE__->set_primary_key('cdid');
110 __PACKAGE__->belongs_to(artist => 'MyDB::Schema::Artist', 'artistid');
114 Then you can use these classes in your application's code:
116 # Connect to your database.
118 my $schema = MyDB::Schema->connect($dbi_dsn, $user, $pass, \%dbi_params);
120 # Query for all artists and put them in an array,
121 # or retrieve them as a result set object.
122 # $schema->resultset returns a DBIx::Class::ResultSet
123 my @all_artists = $schema->resultset('Artist')->all;
124 my $all_artists_rs = $schema->resultset('Artist');
126 # Output all artists names
127 # $artist here is a DBIx::Class::Row, which has accessors
128 # for all its columns. Rows are also subclasses of your Result class.
129 foreach $artist (@all_artists) {
130 print $artist->name, "\n";
133 # Create a result set to search for artists.
134 # This does not query the DB.
135 my $johns_rs = $schema->resultset('Artist')->search(
136 # Build your WHERE using an SQL::Abstract structure:
137 { name => { like => 'John%' } }
140 # Execute a joined query to get the cds.
141 my @all_john_cds = $johns_rs->search_related('cds')->all;
143 # Fetch the next available row.
144 my $first_john = $johns_rs->next;
146 # Specify ORDER BY on the query.
147 my $first_john_cds_by_title_rs = $first_john->cds(
149 { order_by => 'title' }
152 # Create a result set that will fetch the artist data
153 # at the same time as it fetches CDs, using only one query.
154 my $millennium_cds_rs = $schema->resultset('CD')->search(
156 { prefetch => 'artist' }
159 my $cd = $millennium_cds_rs->next; # SELECT ... FROM cds JOIN artists ...
160 my $cd_artist_name = $cd->artist->name; # Already has the data so no 2nd query
162 # new() makes a DBIx::Class::Row object but doesnt insert it into the DB.
163 # create() is the same as new() then insert().
164 my $new_cd = $schema->resultset('CD')->new({ title => 'Spoon' });
165 $new_cd->artist($cd->artist);
166 $new_cd->insert; # Auto-increment primary key filled in after INSERT
167 $new_cd->title('Fork');
169 $schema->txn_do(sub { $new_cd->update }); # Runs the update in a transaction
171 # change the year of all the millennium CDs at once
172 $millennium_cds_rs->update({ year => 2002 });
176 This is an SQL to OO mapper with an object API inspired by L<Class::DBI>
177 (with a compatibility layer as a springboard for porting) and a resultset API
178 that allows abstract encapsulation of database operations. It aims to make
179 representing queries in your code as perl-ish as possible while still
180 providing access to as many of the capabilities of the database as possible,
181 including retrieving related records from multiple tables in a single query,
182 JOIN, LEFT JOIN, COUNT, DISTINCT, GROUP BY, ORDER BY and HAVING support.
184 DBIx::Class can handle multi-column primary and foreign keys, complex
185 queries and database-level paging, and does its best to only query the
186 database in order to return something you've directly asked for. If a
187 resultset is used as an iterator it only fetches rows off the statement
188 handle as requested in order to minimise memory usage. It has auto-increment
189 support for SQLite, MySQL, PostgreSQL, Oracle, SQL Server and DB2 and is
190 known to be used in production on at least the first four, and is fork-
191 and thread-safe out of the box (although your DBD may not be).
193 This project is still under rapid development, so large new features may be
194 marked EXPERIMENTAL - such APIs are still usable but may have edge bugs.
195 Failing test cases are *always* welcome and point releases are put out rapidly
196 as bugs are found and fixed.
198 We do our best to maintain full backwards compatibility for published
199 APIs, since DBIx::Class is used in production in many organisations,
200 and even backwards incompatible changes to non-published APIs will be fixed
201 if they're reported and doing so doesn't cost the codebase anything.
203 The test suite is quite substantial, and several developer releases
204 are generally made to CPAN before the branch for the next release is
205 merged back to trunk for a major release.
207 =head1 WHERE TO GO NEXT
209 L<DBIx::Class::Manual::DocMap> lists each task you might want help on, and
210 the modules where you will find documentation.
214 mst: Matt S. Trout <mst@shadowcatsystems.co.uk>
216 (I mostly consider myself "project founder" these days but the AUTHOR heading
221 abraxxa: Alexander Hartmaier <alex_hartmaier@hotmail.com>
223 aherzog: Adam Herzog <adam@herzogdesigns.com>
225 andyg: Andy Grundman <andy@hybridized.org>
229 arcanez: Justin Hunter <justin.d.hunter@gmail.com>
231 ash: Ash Berlin <ash@cpan.org>
233 bert: Norbert Csongradi <bert@cpan.org>
235 blblack: Brandon L. Black <blblack@gmail.com>
237 bluefeet: Aran Deltac <bluefeet@cpan.org>
239 boghead: Bryan Beeley <cpan@beeley.org>
241 bricas: Brian Cassidy <bricas@cpan.org>
243 brunov: Bruno Vecchi <vecchi.b@gmail.com>
245 caelum: Rafael Kitover <rkitover@cpan.org>
247 castaway: Jess Robinson
249 claco: Christopher H. Laco
253 da5id: David Jack Olrik <djo@cpan.org>
255 debolaz: Anders Nor Berle <berle@cpan.org>
257 dew: Dan Thomas <dan@godders.org>
259 dkubb: Dan Kubb <dan.kubb-cpan@onautopilot.com>
261 dnm: Justin Wheeler <jwheeler@datademons.com>
263 dwc: Daniel Westermann-Clark <danieltwc@cpan.org>
265 dyfrgi: Michael Leuchtenburg <michael@slashhome.org>
267 frew: Arthur Axel "fREW" Schmidt <frioux@gmail.com>
269 goraxe: Gordon Irving <goraxe@cpan.org>
271 gphat: Cory G Watson <gphat@cpan.org>
273 groditi: Guillermo Roditi <groditi@cpan.org>
275 ilmari: Dagfinn Ilmari MannsE<aring>ker <ilmari@ilmari.org>
277 jasonmay: Jason May <jason.a.may@gmail.com>
281 jgoulah: John Goulah <jgoulah@cpan.org>
283 jguenther: Justin Guenther <jguenther@cpan.org>
285 jhannah: Jay Hannah <jay@jays.net>
287 jnapiorkowski: John Napiorkowski <jjn1056@yahoo.com>
289 jon: Jon Schutz <jjschutz@cpan.org>
291 jshirley: J. Shirley <jshirley@gmail.com>
293 konobi: Scott McWhirter
295 lukes: Luke Saunders <luke.saunders@gmail.com>
297 marcus: Marcus Ramberg <mramberg@cpan.org>
299 mattlaw: Matt Lawrence
301 michaelr: Michael Reddick <michael.reddick@gmail.com>
303 ned: Neil de Carteret
305 nigel: Nigel Metheringham <nigelm@cpan.org>
307 ningu: David Kamholz <dkamholz@cpan.org>
309 Nniuq: Ron "Quinn" Straight" <quinnfazigu@gmail.org>
311 norbi: Norbert Buchmuller <norbi@nix.hu>
313 nuba: Nuba Princigalli <nuba@cpan.org>
315 Numa: Dan Sully <daniel@cpan.org>
317 ovid: Curtis "Ovid" Poe <ovid@cpan.org>
319 oyse: Øystein Torget <oystein.torget@dnv.com>
321 paulm: Paul Makepeace
323 penguin: K J Cheetham
325 perigrin: Chris Prather <chris@prather.org>
327 peter: Peter Collingbourne <peter@pcc.me.uk>
329 phaylon: Robert Sedlacek <phaylon@dunkelheit.at>
331 plu: Johannes Plunien <plu@cpan.org>
333 quicksilver: Jules Bean
335 rafl: Florian Ragwitz <rafl@debian.org>
337 rbuels: Robert Buels <rmb32@cornell.edu>
339 rdj: Ryan D Johnson <ryan@innerfence.com>
341 ribasushi: Peter Rabbitson <ribasushi@cpan.org>
343 rjbs: Ricardo Signes <rjbs@cpan.org>
345 robkinyon: Rob Kinyon <rkinyon@cpan.org>
347 Roman: Roman Filippov <romanf@cpan.org>
349 sc_: Just Another Perl Hacker
351 scotty: Scotty Allen <scotty@scottyallen.com>
353 semifor: Marc Mims <marc@questright.com>
355 solomon: Jared Johnson <jaredj@nmgi.com>
357 spb: Stephen Bennett <stephen@freenode.net>
359 sszabo: Stephan Szabo <sszabo@bigpanda.com>
361 teejay : Aaron Trevena <teejay@cpan.org>
367 triode: Pete Gamache <gamache@cpan.org>
369 typester: Daisuke Murase <typester@cpan.org>
371 victori: Victor Igumnov <victori@cpan.org>
375 willert: Sebastian Willert <willert@cpan.org>
377 wreis: Wallace Reis <wreis@cpan.org>
379 zamolxes: Bogdan Lucaciu <bogdan@wiz.ro>
383 Copyright (c) 2005 - 2010 the DBIx::Class L</AUTHOR> and L</CONTRIBUTORS>
388 This library is free software and may be distributed under the same terms