1 package DBIx::Class::Storage;
6 use base qw/DBIx::Class/;
8 use Scalar::Util qw/weaken/;
9 use Carp::Clan qw/^DBIx::Class/;
11 __PACKAGE__->mk_group_accessors('simple' => qw/debug debugobj schema/);
13 package # Hide from PAUSE
14 DBIx::Class::Storage::NESTED_ROLLBACK_EXCEPTION;
16 use overload '"' => sub {
17 'DBIx::Class::Storage::NESTED_ROLLBACK_EXCEPTION'
23 return bless $self, $class;
26 package DBIx::Class::Storage;
30 DBIx::Class::Storage - Generic Storage Handler
34 A base implementation of common Storage methods. For specific
35 information about L<DBI>-based storage, see L<DBIx::Class::Storage::DBI>.
43 Instantiates the Storage object.
48 my ($self, $schema) = @_;
50 $self = ref $self if ref $self;
55 $new->set_schema($schema);
56 $new->debugobj(new DBIx::Class::Storage::Statistics());
60 my $debug_env = $ENV{DBIX_CLASS_STORAGE_DBI_DEBUG}
63 if (defined($debug_env) && ($debug_env =~ /=(.+)$/)) {
64 $fh = IO::File->new($1, 'w')
65 or $new->throw_exception("Cannot open trace file $1");
67 $fh = IO::File->new('>&STDERR');
71 $new->debug(1) if $debug_env;
78 Used to reset the schema class or object which owns this
79 storage object, such as during L<DBIx::Class::Schema/clone>.
84 my ($self, $schema) = @_;
85 $self->schema($schema);
86 weaken($self->{schema}) if ref $self->{schema};
91 Returns true if we have an open storage connection, false
92 if it is not (yet) open.
96 sub connected { die "Virtual method!" }
100 Closes any open storage connection unconditionally.
104 sub disconnect { die "Virtual method!" }
106 =head2 ensure_connected
108 Initiate a connection to the storage if one isn't already open.
112 sub ensure_connected { die "Virtual method!" }
114 =head2 throw_exception
116 Throws an exception - croaks.
120 sub throw_exception {
123 $self->schema->throw_exception(@_) if $self->schema;
131 =item Arguments: C<$coderef>, @coderef_args?
133 =item Return Value: The return value of $coderef
137 Executes C<$coderef> with (optional) arguments C<@coderef_args> atomically,
138 returning its result (if any). If an exception is caught, a rollback is issued
139 and the exception is rethrown. If the rollback fails, (i.e. throws an
140 exception) an exception is thrown that includes a "Rollback failed" message.
144 my $author_rs = $schema->resultset('Author')->find(1);
145 my @titles = qw/Night Day It/;
148 # If any one of these fails, the entire transaction fails
149 $author_rs->create_related('books', {
151 }) foreach (@titles);
153 return $author->books;
158 $rs = $schema->txn_do($coderef);
161 if ($@) { # Transaction failed
162 die "something terrible has happened!" #
163 if ($@ =~ /Rollback failed/); # Rollback failed
165 deal_with_failed_transaction();
168 In a nested transaction (calling txn_do() from within a txn_do() coderef) only
169 the outermost transaction will issue a L</txn_commit>, and txn_do() can be
170 called in void, scalar and list context and it will behave as expected.
175 my ($self, $coderef, @args) = @_;
177 ref $coderef eq 'CODE' or $self->throw_exception
178 ('$coderef must be a CODE reference');
180 my (@return_values, $return_value);
182 $self->txn_begin; # If this throws an exception, no rollback is needed
184 my $wantarray = wantarray; # Need to save this since the context
185 # inside the eval{} block is independent
186 # of the context that called txn_do()
189 # Need to differentiate between scalar/list context to allow for
190 # returning a list in scalar context to get the size of the list
193 @return_values = $coderef->(@args);
194 } elsif (defined $wantarray) {
196 $return_value = $coderef->(@args);
212 my $rollback_error = $@;
213 my $exception_class = "DBIx::Class::Storage::NESTED_ROLLBACK_EXCEPTION";
214 $self->throw_exception($error) # propagate nested rollback
215 if $rollback_error =~ /$exception_class/;
217 $self->throw_exception(
218 "Transaction aborted: $error. Rollback failed: ${rollback_error}"
221 $self->throw_exception($error); # txn failed but rollback succeeded
225 return $wantarray ? @return_values : $return_value;
230 Starts a transaction.
232 See the preferred L</txn_do> method, which allows for
233 an entire code block to be executed transactionally.
237 sub txn_begin { die "Virtual method!" }
241 Issues a commit of the current transaction.
245 sub txn_commit { die "Virtual method!" }
249 Issues a rollback of the current transaction. A nested rollback will
250 throw a L<DBIx::Class::Storage::NESTED_ROLLBACK_EXCEPTION> exception,
251 which allows the rollback to propagate to the outermost transaction.
255 sub txn_rollback { die "Virtual method!" }
259 Returns a C<sql_maker> object - normally an object of class
260 C<DBIC::SQL::Abstract>.
264 sub sql_maker { die "Virtual method!" }
268 Causes trace information to be emitted on the C<debugobj> object.
269 (or C<STDERR> if C<debugobj> has not specifically been set).
271 This is the equivalent to setting L</DBIC_TRACE> in your
276 Set or retrieve the filehandle used for trace/debug output. This should be
277 an IO::Handle compatible ojbect (only the C<print> method is used. Initially
278 set to be STDERR - although see information on the
279 L<DBIC_TRACE> environment variable.
286 if ($self->debugobj->can('debugfh')) {
287 return $self->debugobj->debugfh(@_);
293 Sets or retrieves the object used for metric collection. Defaults to an instance
294 of L<DBIx::Class::Storage::Statistics> that is compatible with the original
295 method of using a coderef as a callback. See the aforementioned Statistics
296 class for more information.
300 Sets a callback to be executed each time a statement is run; takes a sub
301 reference. Callback is executed as $sub->($op, $info) where $op is
302 SELECT/INSERT/UPDATE/DELETE and $info is what would normally be printed.
304 See L<debugobj> for a better way.
311 if ($self->debugobj->can('callback')) {
312 return $self->debugobj->callback(@_);
318 The cursor class for this Storage object.
322 sub cursor { die "Virtual method!" }
326 Deploy the tables to storage (CREATE TABLE and friends in a SQL-based
327 Storage class). This would normally be called through
328 L<DBIx::Class::Schema/deploy>.
332 sub deploy { die "Virtual method!" }
336 The arguments of C<connect_info> are always a single array reference,
337 and are Storage-handler specific.
339 This is normally accessed via L<DBIx::Class::Schema/connection>, which
340 encapsulates its argument list in an arrayref before calling
341 C<connect_info> here.
345 sub connect_info { die "Virtual method!" }
349 Handle a select statement.
353 sub select { die "Virtual method!" }
357 Handle an insert statement.
361 sub insert { die "Virtual method!" }
365 Handle an update statement.
369 sub update { die "Virtual method!" }
373 Handle a delete statement.
377 sub delete { die "Virtual method!" }
381 Performs a select, fetch and return of data - handles a single row
386 sub select_single { die "Virtual method!" }
388 =head2 columns_info_for
390 Returns metadata for the given source's columns. This
391 is *deprecated*, and will be removed before 1.0. You should
392 be specifying the metadata yourself if you need it.
396 sub columns_info_for { die "Virtual method!" }
398 =head1 ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
402 If C<DBIC_TRACE> is set then trace information
403 is produced (as when the L<debug> method is set).
405 If the value is of the form C<1=/path/name> then the trace output is
406 written to the file C</path/name>.
408 This environment variable is checked when the storage object is first
409 created (when you call connect on your schema). So, run-time changes
410 to this environment variable will not take effect unless you also
411 re-connect on your schema.
413 =head2 DBIX_CLASS_STORAGE_DBI_DEBUG
415 Old name for DBIC_TRACE
419 Matt S. Trout <mst@shadowcatsystems.co.uk>
421 Andy Grundman <andy@hybridized.org>
425 You may distribute this code under the same terms as Perl itself.