1 package #hide from PAUSE
2 DBIx::Class::Storage::DBIHacks;
5 # This module contains code that should never have seen the light of day,
6 # does not belong in the Storage, or is otherwise unfit for public
7 # display. The arrival of SQLA2 should immediately oboslete 90% of this
13 use base 'DBIx::Class::Storage';
16 use Carp::Clan qw/^DBIx::Class/;
19 # This code will remove non-selecting/non-restricting joins from
20 # {from} specs, aiding the RDBMS query optimizer
22 sub _prune_unused_joins {
25 my ($from, $select, $where, $attrs) = @_;
27 if (ref $from ne 'ARRAY' || ref $from->[0] ne 'HASH' || ref $from->[1] ne 'ARRAY') {
28 return $from; # only standard {from} specs are supported
31 my $aliastypes = $self->_resolve_aliastypes_from_select_args(@_);
33 # a grouped set will not be affected by amount of rows. Thus any
34 # {multiplying} joins can go
35 delete $aliastypes->{multiplying} if $attrs->{group_by};
38 my @newfrom = $from->[0]; # FROM head is always present
40 my %need_joins = (map { %{$_||{}} } (values %$aliastypes) );
41 for my $j (@{$from}[1..$#$from]) {
42 push @newfrom, $j if (
43 (! $j->[0]{-alias}) # legacy crap
45 $need_joins{$j->[0]{-alias}}
53 # This is the code producing joined subqueries like:
54 # SELECT me.*, other.* FROM ( SELECT me.* FROM ... ) JOIN other ON ...
56 sub _adjust_select_args_for_complex_prefetch {
57 my ($self, $from, $select, $where, $attrs) = @_;
59 $self->throw_exception ('Nothing to prefetch... how did we get here?!')
60 if not @{$attrs->{_prefetch_select}};
62 $self->throw_exception ('Complex prefetches are not supported on resultsets with a custom from attribute')
63 if (ref $from ne 'ARRAY' || ref $from->[0] ne 'HASH' || ref $from->[1] ne 'ARRAY');
66 # generate inner/outer attribute lists, remove stuff that doesn't apply
67 my $outer_attrs = { %$attrs };
68 delete $outer_attrs->{$_} for qw/where bind rows offset group_by having/;
70 my $inner_attrs = { %$attrs };
71 delete $inner_attrs->{$_} for qw/for collapse _prefetch_select _collapse_order_by select as/;
74 # bring over all non-collapse-induced order_by into the inner query (if any)
75 # the outer one will have to keep them all
76 delete $inner_attrs->{order_by};
77 if (my $ord_cnt = @{$outer_attrs->{order_by}} - @{$outer_attrs->{_collapse_order_by}} ) {
78 $inner_attrs->{order_by} = [
79 @{$outer_attrs->{order_by}}[ 0 .. $ord_cnt - 1]
83 # generate the inner/outer select lists
84 # for inside we consider only stuff *not* brought in by the prefetch
85 # on the outside we substitute any function for its alias
86 my $outer_select = [ @$select ];
87 my $inner_select = [];
88 for my $i (0 .. ( @$outer_select - @{$outer_attrs->{_prefetch_select}} - 1) ) {
89 my $sel = $outer_select->[$i];
91 if (ref $sel eq 'HASH' ) {
92 $sel->{-as} ||= $attrs->{as}[$i];
93 $outer_select->[$i] = join ('.', $attrs->{alias}, ($sel->{-as} || "inner_column_$i") );
96 push @$inner_select, $sel;
99 # construct the inner $from for the subquery
100 # we need to prune first, because this will determine if we need a group_by below
101 my $inner_from = $self->_prune_unused_joins ($from, $inner_select, $where, $inner_attrs);
103 # if a multi-type join was needed in the subquery - add a group_by to simulate the
104 # collapse in the subq
105 $inner_attrs->{group_by} ||= $inner_select
107 { ! $_->[0]{-is_single} }
108 (@{$inner_from}[1 .. $#$inner_from])
111 # generate the subquery
112 my $subq = $self->_select_args_to_query (
119 my $subq_joinspec = {
120 -alias => $attrs->{alias},
121 -source_handle => $inner_from->[0]{-source_handle},
122 $attrs->{alias} => $subq,
125 # Generate the outer from - this is relatively easy (really just replace
126 # the join slot with the subquery), with a major caveat - we can not
127 # join anything that is non-selecting (not part of the prefetch), but at
128 # the same time is a multi-type relationship, as it will explode the result.
130 # There are two possibilities here
131 # - either the join is non-restricting, in which case we simply throw it away
132 # - it is part of the restrictions, in which case we need to collapse the outer
133 # result by tackling yet another group_by to the outside of the query
135 # normalize a copy of $from, so it will be easier to work with further
136 # down (i.e. promote the initial hashref to an AoH)
138 $from->[0] = [ $from->[0] ];
140 # so first generate the outer_from, up to the substitution point
142 while (my $j = shift @$from) {
143 if ($j->[0]{-alias} eq $attrs->{alias}) { # time to swap
148 last; # we'll take care of what's left in $from below
151 push @outer_from, $j;
155 # scan the from spec against different attributes, and see which joins are needed
157 my $outer_aliastypes =
158 $self->_resolve_aliastypes_from_select_args( $from, $outer_select, $where, $outer_attrs );
160 # see what's left - throw away if not selecting/restricting
161 # also throw in a group_by if restricting to guard against
162 # cross-join explosions
164 while (my $j = shift @$from) {
165 my $alias = $j->[0]{-alias};
167 if ($outer_aliastypes->{select}{$alias}) {
168 push @outer_from, $j;
170 elsif ($outer_aliastypes->{restrict}{$alias}) {
171 push @outer_from, $j;
172 $outer_attrs->{group_by} ||= $outer_select unless $j->[0]{-is_single};
176 # demote the outer_from head
177 $outer_from[0] = $outer_from[0][0];
179 # This is totally horrific - the $where ends up in both the inner and outer query
180 # Unfortunately not much can be done until SQLA2 introspection arrives, and even
181 # then if where conditions apply to the *right* side of the prefetch, you may have
182 # to both filter the inner select (e.g. to apply a limit) and then have to re-filter
183 # the outer select to exclude joins you didin't want in the first place
185 # OTOH it can be seen as a plus: <ash> (notes that this query would make a DBA cry ;)
186 return (\@outer_from, $outer_select, $where, $outer_attrs);
189 # Due to a lack of SQLA2 we fall back to crude scans of all the
190 # select/where/order/group attributes, in order to determine what
191 # aliases are neded to fulfill the query. This information is used
192 # throughout the code to prune unnecessary JOINs from the queries
193 # in an attempt to reduce the execution time.
194 # Although the method is pretty horrific, the worst thing that can
195 # happen is for it to fail due to an unqualified column, which in
196 # turn will result in a vocal exception. Qualifying the column will
197 # invariably solve the problem.
198 sub _resolve_aliastypes_from_select_args {
199 my ( $self, $from, $select, $where, $attrs ) = @_;
201 $self->throw_exception ('Unable to analyze custom {from}')
202 if ref $from ne 'ARRAY';
204 # what we will return
207 # see what aliases are there to work with
211 $j = $j->[0] if ref $j eq 'ARRAY';
212 my $al = $j->{-alias}
215 $alias_list->{$al} = $j;
216 $aliases_by_type->{multiplying}{$al} = 1
217 unless $j->{-is_single};
220 # set up a botched SQLA
221 my $sql_maker = $self->sql_maker;
222 my $sep = quotemeta ($self->_sql_maker_opts->{name_sep} || '.');
223 local $sql_maker->{quote_char}; # so that we can regex away
226 my $select_sql = $sql_maker->_recurse_fields ($select);
227 my $where_sql = $sql_maker->where ($where);
228 my $group_by_sql = $sql_maker->_order_by({
229 map { $_ => $attrs->{$_} } qw/group_by having/
231 my @order_by_chunks = ($self->_parse_order_by ($attrs->{order_by}) );
233 # match every alias to the sql chunks above
234 for my $alias (keys %$alias_list) {
235 my $al_re = qr/\b $alias $sep/x;
237 for my $piece ($where_sql, $group_by_sql) {
238 $aliases_by_type->{restrict}{$alias} = 1 if ($piece =~ $al_re);
241 for my $piece ($select_sql, @order_by_chunks ) {
242 $aliases_by_type->{select}{$alias} = 1 if ($piece =~ $al_re);
246 # Add any non-left joins to the restriction list (such joins are indeed restrictions)
247 for my $j (values %$alias_list) {
248 my $alias = $j->{-alias} or next;
249 $aliases_by_type->{restrict}{$alias} = 1 if (
250 (not $j->{-join_type})
252 ($j->{-join_type} !~ /^left (?: \s+ outer)? $/xi)
256 # mark all join parents as mentioned
257 # (e.g. join => { cds => 'tracks' } - tracks will need to bring cds too )
258 for my $type (keys %$aliases_by_type) {
259 for my $alias (keys %{$aliases_by_type->{$type}}) {
260 $aliases_by_type->{$type}{$_} = 1
261 for (map { keys %$_ } @{ $alias_list->{$alias}{-join_path} || [] });
265 return $aliases_by_type;
268 sub _resolve_ident_sources {
269 my ($self, $ident) = @_;
271 my $alias2source = {};
274 # the reason this is so contrived is that $ident may be a {from}
275 # structure, specifying multiple tables to join
276 if ( Scalar::Util::blessed($ident) && $ident->isa("DBIx::Class::ResultSource") ) {
277 # this is compat mode for insert/update/delete which do not deal with aliases
278 $alias2source->{me} = $ident;
281 elsif (ref $ident eq 'ARRAY') {
285 if (ref $_ eq 'HASH') {
287 $rs_alias = $tabinfo->{-alias};
289 if (ref $_ eq 'ARRAY' and ref $_->[0] eq 'HASH') {
293 $alias2source->{$tabinfo->{-alias}} = $tabinfo->{-source_handle}->resolve
294 if ($tabinfo->{-source_handle});
298 return ($alias2source, $rs_alias);
301 # Takes $ident, \@column_names
303 # returns { $column_name => \%column_info, ... }
304 # also note: this adds -result_source => $rsrc to the column info
306 # If no columns_names are supplied returns info about *all* columns
308 sub _resolve_column_info {
309 my ($self, $ident, $colnames) = @_;
310 my ($alias2src, $root_alias) = $self->_resolve_ident_sources($ident);
312 my $sep = $self->_sql_maker_opts->{name_sep} || '.';
313 my $qsep = quotemeta $sep;
315 my (%return, %seen_cols, @auto_colnames);
317 # compile a global list of column names, to be able to properly
318 # disambiguate unqualified column names (if at all possible)
319 for my $alias (keys %$alias2src) {
320 my $rsrc = $alias2src->{$alias};
321 for my $colname ($rsrc->columns) {
322 push @{$seen_cols{$colname}}, $alias;
323 push @auto_colnames, "$alias$sep$colname" unless $colnames;
329 grep { @{$seen_cols{$_}} == 1 } (keys %seen_cols),
333 foreach my $col (@$colnames) {
334 my ($alias, $colname) = $col =~ m/^ (?: ([^$qsep]+) $qsep)? (.+) $/x;
337 # see if the column was seen exactly once (so we know which rsrc it came from)
338 if ($seen_cols{$colname} and @{$seen_cols{$colname}} == 1) {
339 $alias = $seen_cols{$colname}[0];
346 my $rsrc = $alias2src->{$alias};
347 $return{$col} = $rsrc && {
348 %{$rsrc->column_info($colname)},
349 -result_source => $rsrc,
350 -source_alias => $alias,
357 # The DBIC relationship chaining implementation is pretty simple - every
358 # new related_relationship is pushed onto the {from} stack, and the {select}
359 # window simply slides further in. This means that when we count somewhere
360 # in the middle, we got to make sure that everything in the join chain is an
361 # actual inner join, otherwise the count will come back with unpredictable
362 # results (a resultset may be generated with _some_ rows regardless of if
363 # the relation which the $rs currently selects has rows or not). E.g.
364 # $artist_rs->cds->count - normally generates:
365 # SELECT COUNT( * ) FROM artist me LEFT JOIN cd cds ON cds.artist = me.artistid
366 # which actually returns the number of artists * (number of cds || 1)
368 # So what we do here is crawl {from}, determine if the current alias is at
369 # the top of the stack, and if not - make sure the chain is inner-joined down
372 sub _straight_join_to_node {
373 my ($self, $from, $alias) = @_;
375 # subqueries and other oddness are naturally not supported
381 ref $from->[0] ne 'HASH'
385 $from->[0]{-alias} eq $alias # this last bit means $alias is the head of $from - nothing to do
388 # find the current $alias in the $from structure
391 for my $j (@{$from}[1 .. $#$from]) {
392 if ($j->[0]{-alias} eq $alias) {
393 $switch_branch = $j->[0]{-join_path};
398 # something else went quite wrong
399 return $from unless $switch_branch;
401 # So it looks like we will have to switch some stuff around.
402 # local() is useless here as we will be leaving the scope
403 # anyway, and deep cloning is just too fucking expensive
404 # So replace the first hashref in the node arrayref manually
405 my @new_from = ($from->[0]);
406 my $sw_idx = { map { values %$_ => 1 } @$switch_branch };
408 for my $j (@{$from}[1 .. $#$from]) {
409 my $jalias = $j->[0]{-alias};
411 if ($sw_idx->{$jalias}) {
412 my %attrs = %{$j->[0]};
413 delete $attrs{-join_type};
427 # Most databases do not allow aliasing of tables in UPDATE/DELETE. Thus
428 # a condition containing 'me' or other table prefixes will not work
429 # at all. What this code tries to do (badly) is introspect the condition
430 # and remove all column qualifiers. If it bails out early (returns undef)
431 # the calling code should try another approach (e.g. a subquery)
432 sub _strip_cond_qualifiers {
433 my ($self, $where) = @_;
437 # No-op. No condition, we're updating/deleting everything
438 return $cond unless $where;
440 if (ref $where eq 'ARRAY') {
444 foreach my $key (keys %{$_}) {
446 $hash{$1} = $_->{$key};
452 elsif (ref $where eq 'HASH') {
453 if ( (keys %$where) == 1 && ( (keys %{$where})[0] eq '-and' )) {
455 my @cond = @{$where->{-and}};
456 for (my $i = 0; $i < @cond; $i++) {
457 my $entry = $cond[$i];
459 my $ref = ref $entry;
460 if ($ref eq 'HASH' or $ref eq 'ARRAY') {
461 $hash = $self->_strip_cond_qualifiers($entry);
464 $entry =~ /([^.]+)$/;
465 $hash->{$1} = $cond[++$i];
468 $self->throw_exception ("_strip_cond_qualifiers() is unable to handle a condition reftype $ref");
470 push @{$cond->{-and}}, $hash;
474 foreach my $key (keys %$where) {
476 $cond->{$1} = $where->{$key};
487 sub _parse_order_by {
488 my ($self, $order_by) = @_;
490 return scalar $self->sql_maker->_order_by_chunks ($order_by)
493 my $sql_maker = $self->sql_maker;
494 local $sql_maker->{quote_char}; #disable quoting
496 for my $chunk (map { ref $_ ? @$_ : $_ } ($sql_maker->_order_by_chunks ($order_by) ) ) {
497 $chunk =~ s/\s+ (?: ASC|DESC ) \s* $//ix;
498 push @chunks, $chunk;