1 package DBIx::Class::Storage::DBI;
2 # -*- mode: cperl; cperl-indent-level: 2 -*-
4 use base 'DBIx::Class::Storage';
8 use Carp::Clan qw/^DBIx::Class/;
10 use DBIx::Class::Storage::DBI::Cursor;
11 use DBIx::Class::Storage::Statistics;
15 __PACKAGE__->mk_group_accessors('simple' =>
16 qw/_connect_info _dbi_connect_info _dbh _sql_maker _sql_maker_opts
17 _conn_pid _conn_tid transaction_depth _dbh_autocommit savepoints/
20 # the values for these accessors are picked out (and deleted) from
21 # the attribute hashref passed to connect_info
22 my @storage_options = qw/
23 on_connect_do on_disconnect_do disable_sth_caching unsafe auto_savepoint
25 __PACKAGE__->mk_group_accessors('simple' => @storage_options);
28 # default cursor class, overridable in connect_info attributes
29 __PACKAGE__->cursor_class('DBIx::Class::Storage::DBI::Cursor');
31 __PACKAGE__->mk_group_accessors('inherited' => qw/sql_maker_class/);
32 __PACKAGE__->sql_maker_class('DBIx::Class::SQLAHacks');
37 DBIx::Class::Storage::DBI - DBI storage handler
41 my $schema = MySchema->connect('dbi:SQLite:my.db');
43 $schema->storage->debug(1);
44 $schema->dbh_do("DROP TABLE authors");
46 $schema->resultset('Book')->search({
47 written_on => $schema->storage->datetime_parser(DateTime->now)
52 This class represents the connection to an RDBMS via L<DBI>. See
53 L<DBIx::Class::Storage> for general information. This pod only
54 documents DBI-specific methods and behaviors.
61 my $new = shift->next::method(@_);
63 $new->transaction_depth(0);
64 $new->_sql_maker_opts({});
65 $new->{savepoints} = [];
66 $new->{_in_dbh_do} = 0;
74 This method is normally called by L<DBIx::Class::Schema/connection>, which
75 encapsulates its argument list in an arrayref before passing them here.
77 The argument list may contain:
83 The same 4-element argument set one would normally pass to
84 L<DBI/connect>, optionally followed by
85 L<extra attributes|/DBIx::Class specific connection attributes>
86 recognized by DBIx::Class:
88 $connect_info_args = [ $dsn, $user, $password, \%dbi_attributes?, \%extra_attributes? ];
92 A single code reference which returns a connected
93 L<DBI database handle|DBI/connect> optionally followed by
94 L<extra attributes|/DBIx::Class specific connection attributes> recognized
97 $connect_info_args = [ sub { DBI->connect (...) }, \%extra_attributes? ];
101 A single hashref with all the attributes and the dsn/user/password
104 $connect_info_args = [{
112 This is particularly useful for L<Catalyst> based applications, allowing the
113 following config (L<Config::General> style):
118 dsn dbi:mysql:database=test
127 Please note that the L<DBI> docs recommend that you always explicitly
128 set C<AutoCommit> to either I<0> or I<1>. L<DBIx::Class> further
129 recommends that it be set to I<1>, and that you perform transactions
130 via our L<DBIx::Class::Schema/txn_do> method. L<DBIx::Class> will set it
131 to I<1> if you do not do explicitly set it to zero. This is the default
132 for most DBDs. See L</DBIx::Class and AutoCommit> for details.
134 =head3 DBIx::Class specific connection attributes
136 In addition to the standard L<DBI|DBI/ATTRIBUTES_COMMON_TO_ALL_HANDLES>
137 L<connection|DBI/Database_Handle_Attributes> attributes, DBIx::Class recognizes
138 the following connection options. These options can be mixed in with your other
139 L<DBI> connection attributes, or placed in a seperate hashref
140 (C<\%extra_attributes>) as shown above.
142 Every time C<connect_info> is invoked, any previous settings for
143 these options will be cleared before setting the new ones, regardless of
144 whether any options are specified in the new C<connect_info>.
151 Specifies things to do immediately after connecting or re-connecting to
152 the database. Its value may contain:
158 This contains one SQL statement to execute.
160 =item an array reference
162 This contains SQL statements to execute in order. Each element contains
163 a string or a code reference that returns a string.
165 =item a code reference
167 This contains some code to execute. Unlike code references within an
168 array reference, its return value is ignored.
172 =item on_disconnect_do
174 Takes arguments in the same form as L</on_connect_do> and executes them
175 immediately before disconnecting from the database.
177 Note, this only runs if you explicitly call L</disconnect> on the
180 =item disable_sth_caching
182 If set to a true value, this option will disable the caching of
183 statement handles via L<DBI/prepare_cached>.
187 Sets the limit dialect. This is useful for JDBC-bridge among others
188 where the remote SQL-dialect cannot be determined by the name of the
189 driver alone. See also L<SQL::Abstract::Limit>.
193 Specifies what characters to use to quote table and column names. If
194 you use this you will want to specify L</name_sep> as well.
196 C<quote_char> expects either a single character, in which case is it
197 is placed on either side of the table/column name, or an arrayref of length
198 2 in which case the table/column name is placed between the elements.
200 For example under MySQL you should use C<< quote_char => '`' >>, and for
201 SQL Server you should use C<< quote_char => [qw/[ ]/] >>.
205 This only needs to be used in conjunction with C<quote_char>, and is used to
206 specify the charecter that seperates elements (schemas, tables, columns) from
207 each other. In most cases this is simply a C<.>.
209 The consequences of not supplying this value is that L<SQL::Abstract>
210 will assume DBIx::Class' uses of aliases to be complete column
211 names. The output will look like I<"me.name"> when it should actually
216 This Storage driver normally installs its own C<HandleError>, sets
217 C<RaiseError> and C<ShowErrorStatement> on, and sets C<PrintError> off on
218 all database handles, including those supplied by a coderef. It does this
219 so that it can have consistent and useful error behavior.
221 If you set this option to a true value, Storage will not do its usual
222 modifications to the database handle's attributes, and instead relies on
223 the settings in your connect_info DBI options (or the values you set in
224 your connection coderef, in the case that you are connecting via coderef).
226 Note that your custom settings can cause Storage to malfunction,
227 especially if you set a C<HandleError> handler that suppresses exceptions
228 and/or disable C<RaiseError>.
232 If this option is true, L<DBIx::Class> will use savepoints when nesting
233 transactions, making it possible to recover from failure in the inner
234 transaction without having to abort all outer transactions.
238 Use this argument to supply a cursor class other than the default
239 L<DBIx::Class::Storage::DBI::Cursor>.
243 Some real-life examples of arguments to L</connect_info> and
244 L<DBIx::Class::Schema/connect>
246 # Simple SQLite connection
247 ->connect_info([ 'dbi:SQLite:./foo.db' ]);
250 ->connect_info([ sub { DBI->connect(...) } ]);
252 # A bit more complicated
259 { quote_char => q{"}, name_sep => q{.} },
263 # Equivalent to the previous example
269 { AutoCommit => 1, quote_char => q{"}, name_sep => q{.} },
273 # Same, but with hashref as argument
274 # See parse_connect_info for explanation
277 dsn => 'dbi:Pg:dbname=foo',
279 password => 'my_pg_password',
286 # Subref + DBIx::Class-specific connection options
289 sub { DBI->connect(...) },
293 on_connect_do => ['SET search_path TO myschema,otherschema,public'],
294 disable_sth_caching => 1,
304 my ($self, $info_arg) = @_;
306 return $self->_connect_info if !$info_arg;
308 my @args = @$info_arg; # take a shallow copy for further mutilation
309 $self->_connect_info([@args]); # copy for _connect_info
312 # combine/pre-parse arguments depending on invocation style
315 if (ref $args[0] eq 'CODE') { # coderef with optional \%extra_attributes
316 %attrs = %{ $args[1] || {} };
319 elsif (ref $args[0] eq 'HASH') { # single hashref (i.e. Catalyst config)
320 %attrs = %{$args[0]};
322 for (qw/password user dsn/) {
323 unshift @args, delete $attrs{$_};
326 else { # otherwise assume dsn/user/password + \%attrs + \%extra_attrs
328 % { $args[3] || {} },
329 % { $args[4] || {} },
331 @args = @args[0,1,2];
334 # Kill sql_maker/_sql_maker_opts, so we get a fresh one with only
335 # the new set of options
336 $self->_sql_maker(undef);
337 $self->_sql_maker_opts({});
340 for my $storage_opt (@storage_options, 'cursor_class') { # @storage_options is declared at the top of the module
341 if(my $value = delete $attrs{$storage_opt}) {
342 $self->$storage_opt($value);
345 for my $sql_maker_opt (qw/limit_dialect quote_char name_sep/) {
346 if(my $opt_val = delete $attrs{$sql_maker_opt}) {
347 $self->_sql_maker_opts->{$sql_maker_opt} = $opt_val;
352 %attrs = () if (ref $args[0] eq 'CODE'); # _connect() never looks past $args[0] in this case
354 $self->_dbi_connect_info([@args, keys %attrs ? \%attrs : ()]);
355 $self->_connect_info;
360 This method is deprecated in favour of setting via L</connect_info>.
365 Arguments: ($subref | $method_name), @extra_coderef_args?
367 Execute the given $subref or $method_name using the new exception-based
368 connection management.
370 The first two arguments will be the storage object that C<dbh_do> was called
371 on and a database handle to use. Any additional arguments will be passed
372 verbatim to the called subref as arguments 2 and onwards.
374 Using this (instead of $self->_dbh or $self->dbh) ensures correct
375 exception handling and reconnection (or failover in future subclasses).
377 Your subref should have no side-effects outside of the database, as
378 there is the potential for your subref to be partially double-executed
379 if the database connection was stale/dysfunctional.
383 my @stuff = $schema->storage->dbh_do(
385 my ($storage, $dbh, @cols) = @_;
386 my $cols = join(q{, }, @cols);
387 $dbh->selectrow_array("SELECT $cols FROM foo");
398 my $dbh = $self->_dbh;
400 return $self->$code($dbh, @_) if $self->{_in_dbh_do}
401 || $self->{transaction_depth};
403 local $self->{_in_dbh_do} = 1;
406 my $want_array = wantarray;
409 $self->_verify_pid if $dbh;
411 $self->_populate_dbh;
416 @result = $self->$code($dbh, @_);
418 elsif(defined $want_array) {
419 $result[0] = $self->$code($dbh, @_);
422 $self->$code($dbh, @_);
427 if(!$exception) { return $want_array ? @result : $result[0] }
429 $self->throw_exception($exception) if $self->connected;
431 # We were not connected - reconnect and retry, but let any
432 # exception fall right through this time
433 $self->_populate_dbh;
434 $self->$code($self->_dbh, @_);
437 # This is basically a blend of dbh_do above and DBIx::Class::Storage::txn_do.
438 # It also informs dbh_do to bypass itself while under the direction of txn_do,
439 # via $self->{_in_dbh_do} (this saves some redundant eval and errorcheck, etc)
444 ref $coderef eq 'CODE' or $self->throw_exception
445 ('$coderef must be a CODE reference');
447 return $coderef->(@_) if $self->{transaction_depth} && ! $self->auto_savepoint;
449 local $self->{_in_dbh_do} = 1;
452 my $want_array = wantarray;
457 $self->_verify_pid if $self->_dbh;
458 $self->_populate_dbh if !$self->_dbh;
462 @result = $coderef->(@_);
464 elsif(defined $want_array) {
465 $result[0] = $coderef->(@_);
474 if(!$exception) { return $want_array ? @result : $result[0] }
476 if($tried++ > 0 || $self->connected) {
477 eval { $self->txn_rollback };
478 my $rollback_exception = $@;
479 if($rollback_exception) {
480 my $exception_class = "DBIx::Class::Storage::NESTED_ROLLBACK_EXCEPTION";
481 $self->throw_exception($exception) # propagate nested rollback
482 if $rollback_exception =~ /$exception_class/;
484 $self->throw_exception(
485 "Transaction aborted: ${exception}. "
486 . "Rollback failed: ${rollback_exception}"
489 $self->throw_exception($exception)
492 # We were not connected, and was first try - reconnect and retry
494 $self->_populate_dbh;
500 Our C<disconnect> method also performs a rollback first if the
501 database is not in C<AutoCommit> mode.
508 if( $self->connected ) {
509 my $connection_do = $self->on_disconnect_do;
510 $self->_do_connection_actions($connection_do) if ref($connection_do);
512 $self->_dbh->rollback unless $self->_dbh_autocommit;
513 $self->_dbh->disconnect;
519 =head2 with_deferred_fk_checks
523 =item Arguments: C<$coderef>
525 =item Return Value: The return value of $coderef
529 Storage specific method to run the code ref with FK checks deferred or
530 in MySQL's case disabled entirely.
534 # Storage subclasses should override this
535 sub with_deferred_fk_checks {
536 my ($self, $sub) = @_;
544 if(my $dbh = $self->_dbh) {
545 if(defined $self->_conn_tid && $self->_conn_tid != threads->tid) {
552 return 0 if !$self->_dbh;
554 return ($dbh->FETCH('Active') && $dbh->ping);
560 # handle pid changes correctly
561 # NOTE: assumes $self->_dbh is a valid $dbh
565 return if defined $self->_conn_pid && $self->_conn_pid == $$;
567 $self->_dbh->{InactiveDestroy} = 1;
574 sub ensure_connected {
577 unless ($self->connected) {
578 $self->_populate_dbh;
584 Returns the dbh - a data base handle of class L<DBI>.
591 $self->ensure_connected;
595 sub _sql_maker_args {
598 return ( bindtype=>'columns', array_datatypes => 1, limit_dialect => $self->dbh, %{$self->_sql_maker_opts} );
603 unless ($self->_sql_maker) {
604 my $sql_maker_class = $self->sql_maker_class;
605 $self->ensure_class_loaded ($sql_maker_class);
606 $self->_sql_maker($sql_maker_class->new( $self->_sql_maker_args ));
608 return $self->_sql_maker;
615 my @info = @{$self->_dbi_connect_info || []};
616 $self->_dbh($self->_connect(@info));
618 $self->_conn_pid($$);
619 $self->_conn_tid(threads->tid) if $INC{'threads.pm'};
621 $self->_determine_driver;
623 # Always set the transaction depth on connect, since
624 # there is no transaction in progress by definition
625 $self->{transaction_depth} = $self->_dbh_autocommit ? 0 : 1;
627 my $connection_do = $self->on_connect_do;
628 $self->_do_connection_actions($connection_do) if $connection_do;
631 sub _determine_driver {
634 if (ref $self eq 'DBIx::Class::Storage::DBI') {
637 if ($self->_dbh) { # we are connected
638 $driver = $self->_dbh->{Driver}{Name};
640 # try to use dsn to not require being connected, the driver may still
641 # force a connection in _rebless to determine version
642 ($driver) = $self->_dbi_connect_info->[0] =~ /dbi:([^:]+):/i;
645 if ($self->load_optional_class("DBIx::Class::Storage::DBI::${driver}")) {
646 bless $self, "DBIx::Class::Storage::DBI::${driver}";
652 sub _do_connection_actions {
654 my $connection_do = shift;
656 if (!ref $connection_do) {
657 $self->_do_query($connection_do);
659 elsif (ref $connection_do eq 'ARRAY') {
660 $self->_do_query($_) foreach @$connection_do;
662 elsif (ref $connection_do eq 'CODE') {
663 $connection_do->($self);
666 $self->throw_exception (sprintf ("Don't know how to process conection actions of type '%s'", ref $connection_do) );
673 my ($self, $action) = @_;
675 if (ref $action eq 'CODE') {
676 $action = $action->($self);
677 $self->_do_query($_) foreach @$action;
680 # Most debuggers expect ($sql, @bind), so we need to exclude
681 # the attribute hash which is the second argument to $dbh->do
682 # furthermore the bind values are usually to be presented
683 # as named arrayref pairs, so wrap those here too
684 my @do_args = (ref $action eq 'ARRAY') ? (@$action) : ($action);
685 my $sql = shift @do_args;
686 my $attrs = shift @do_args;
687 my @bind = map { [ undef, $_ ] } @do_args;
689 $self->_query_start($sql, @bind);
690 $self->_dbh->do($sql, $attrs, @do_args);
691 $self->_query_end($sql, @bind);
698 my ($self, @info) = @_;
700 $self->throw_exception("You failed to provide any connection info")
703 my ($old_connect_via, $dbh);
705 if ($INC{'Apache/DBI.pm'} && $ENV{MOD_PERL}) {
706 $old_connect_via = $DBI::connect_via;
707 $DBI::connect_via = 'connect';
711 if(ref $info[0] eq 'CODE') {
715 $dbh = DBI->connect(@info);
718 if($dbh && !$self->unsafe) {
719 my $weak_self = $self;
720 Scalar::Util::weaken($weak_self);
721 $dbh->{HandleError} = sub {
723 $weak_self->throw_exception("DBI Exception: $_[0]");
726 croak ("DBI Exception: $_[0]");
729 $dbh->{ShowErrorStatement} = 1;
730 $dbh->{RaiseError} = 1;
731 $dbh->{PrintError} = 0;
735 $DBI::connect_via = $old_connect_via if $old_connect_via;
737 $self->throw_exception("DBI Connection failed: " . ($@||$DBI::errstr))
740 $self->_dbh_autocommit($dbh->{AutoCommit});
746 my ($self, $name) = @_;
748 $name = $self->_svp_generate_name
749 unless defined $name;
751 $self->throw_exception ("You can't use savepoints outside a transaction")
752 if $self->{transaction_depth} == 0;
754 $self->throw_exception ("Your Storage implementation doesn't support savepoints")
755 unless $self->can('_svp_begin');
757 push @{ $self->{savepoints} }, $name;
759 $self->debugobj->svp_begin($name) if $self->debug;
761 return $self->_svp_begin($name);
765 my ($self, $name) = @_;
767 $self->throw_exception ("You can't use savepoints outside a transaction")
768 if $self->{transaction_depth} == 0;
770 $self->throw_exception ("Your Storage implementation doesn't support savepoints")
771 unless $self->can('_svp_release');
774 $self->throw_exception ("Savepoint '$name' does not exist")
775 unless grep { $_ eq $name } @{ $self->{savepoints} };
777 # Dig through the stack until we find the one we are releasing. This keeps
778 # the stack up to date.
781 do { $svp = pop @{ $self->{savepoints} } } while $svp ne $name;
783 $name = pop @{ $self->{savepoints} };
786 $self->debugobj->svp_release($name) if $self->debug;
788 return $self->_svp_release($name);
792 my ($self, $name) = @_;
794 $self->throw_exception ("You can't use savepoints outside a transaction")
795 if $self->{transaction_depth} == 0;
797 $self->throw_exception ("Your Storage implementation doesn't support savepoints")
798 unless $self->can('_svp_rollback');
801 # If they passed us a name, verify that it exists in the stack
802 unless(grep({ $_ eq $name } @{ $self->{savepoints} })) {
803 $self->throw_exception("Savepoint '$name' does not exist!");
806 # Dig through the stack until we find the one we are releasing. This keeps
807 # the stack up to date.
808 while(my $s = pop(@{ $self->{savepoints} })) {
809 last if($s eq $name);
811 # Add the savepoint back to the stack, as a rollback doesn't remove the
812 # named savepoint, only everything after it.
813 push(@{ $self->{savepoints} }, $name);
815 # We'll assume they want to rollback to the last savepoint
816 $name = $self->{savepoints}->[-1];
819 $self->debugobj->svp_rollback($name) if $self->debug;
821 return $self->_svp_rollback($name);
824 sub _svp_generate_name {
827 return 'savepoint_'.scalar(@{ $self->{'savepoints'} });
832 $self->ensure_connected();
833 if($self->{transaction_depth} == 0) {
834 $self->debugobj->txn_begin()
836 # this isn't ->_dbh-> because
837 # we should reconnect on begin_work
838 # for AutoCommit users
839 $self->dbh->begin_work;
840 } elsif ($self->auto_savepoint) {
843 $self->{transaction_depth}++;
848 if ($self->{transaction_depth} == 1) {
849 my $dbh = $self->_dbh;
850 $self->debugobj->txn_commit()
853 $self->{transaction_depth} = 0
854 if $self->_dbh_autocommit;
856 elsif($self->{transaction_depth} > 1) {
857 $self->{transaction_depth}--;
859 if $self->auto_savepoint;
865 my $dbh = $self->_dbh;
867 if ($self->{transaction_depth} == 1) {
868 $self->debugobj->txn_rollback()
870 $self->{transaction_depth} = 0
871 if $self->_dbh_autocommit;
874 elsif($self->{transaction_depth} > 1) {
875 $self->{transaction_depth}--;
876 if ($self->auto_savepoint) {
882 die DBIx::Class::Storage::NESTED_ROLLBACK_EXCEPTION->new;
887 my $exception_class = "DBIx::Class::Storage::NESTED_ROLLBACK_EXCEPTION";
888 $error =~ /$exception_class/ and $self->throw_exception($error);
889 # ensure that a failed rollback resets the transaction depth
890 $self->{transaction_depth} = $self->_dbh_autocommit ? 0 : 1;
891 $self->throw_exception($error);
895 # This used to be the top-half of _execute. It was split out to make it
896 # easier to override in NoBindVars without duping the rest. It takes up
897 # all of _execute's args, and emits $sql, @bind.
898 sub _prep_for_execute {
899 my ($self, $op, $extra_bind, $ident, $args) = @_;
901 if( Scalar::Util::blessed($ident) && $ident->isa("DBIx::Class::ResultSource") ) {
902 $ident = $ident->from();
905 my ($sql, @bind) = $self->sql_maker->$op($ident, @$args);
908 map { ref $_ eq 'ARRAY' ? $_ : [ '!!dummy', $_ ] } @$extra_bind)
910 return ($sql, \@bind);
914 sub _fix_bind_params {
915 my ($self, @bind) = @_;
917 ### Turn @bind from something like this:
918 ### ( [ "artist", 1 ], [ "cdid", 1, 3 ] )
920 ### ( "'1'", "'1'", "'3'" )
923 if ( defined( $_ && $_->[1] ) ) {
924 map { qq{'$_'}; } @{$_}[ 1 .. $#$_ ];
931 my ( $self, $sql, @bind ) = @_;
933 if ( $self->debug ) {
934 @bind = $self->_fix_bind_params(@bind);
936 $self->debugobj->query_start( $sql, @bind );
941 my ( $self, $sql, @bind ) = @_;
943 if ( $self->debug ) {
944 @bind = $self->_fix_bind_params(@bind);
945 $self->debugobj->query_end( $sql, @bind );
950 my ($self, $dbh, $op, $extra_bind, $ident, $bind_attributes, @args) = @_;
952 my ($sql, $bind) = $self->_prep_for_execute($op, $extra_bind, $ident, \@args);
954 $self->_query_start( $sql, @$bind );
956 my $sth = $self->sth($sql,$op);
958 my $placeholder_index = 1;
960 foreach my $bound (@$bind) {
962 my($column_name, @data) = @$bound;
964 if ($bind_attributes) {
965 $attributes = $bind_attributes->{$column_name}
966 if defined $bind_attributes->{$column_name};
969 foreach my $data (@data) {
971 $data = $ref && $ref ne 'ARRAY' ? ''.$data : $data; # stringify args (except arrayrefs)
973 $sth->bind_param($placeholder_index, $data, $attributes);
974 $placeholder_index++;
978 # Can this fail without throwing an exception anyways???
979 my $rv = $sth->execute();
980 $self->throw_exception($sth->errstr) if !$rv;
982 $self->_query_end( $sql, @$bind );
984 return (wantarray ? ($rv, $sth, @$bind) : $rv);
989 $self->dbh_do('_dbh_execute', @_)
993 my ($self, $source, $to_insert) = @_;
995 my $ident = $source->from;
996 my $bind_attributes = $self->source_bind_attributes($source);
998 my $updated_cols = {};
1000 $self->ensure_connected;
1001 foreach my $col ( $source->columns ) {
1002 if ( !defined $to_insert->{$col} ) {
1003 my $col_info = $source->column_info($col);
1005 if ( $col_info->{auto_nextval} ) {
1006 $updated_cols->{$col} = $to_insert->{$col} = $self->_sequence_fetch( 'nextval', $col_info->{sequence} || $self->_dbh_get_autoinc_seq($self->dbh, $source) );
1011 $self->_execute('insert' => [], $source, $bind_attributes, $to_insert);
1013 return $updated_cols;
1016 ## Still not quite perfect, and EXPERIMENTAL
1017 ## Currently it is assumed that all values passed will be "normal", i.e. not
1018 ## scalar refs, or at least, all the same type as the first set, the statement is
1019 ## only prepped once.
1021 my ($self, $source, $cols, $data) = @_;
1023 my $table = $source->from;
1024 @colvalues{@$cols} = (0..$#$cols);
1025 my ($sql, @bind) = $self->sql_maker->insert($table, \%colvalues);
1027 $self->_query_start( $sql, @bind );
1028 my $sth = $self->sth($sql);
1030 # @bind = map { ref $_ ? ''.$_ : $_ } @bind; # stringify args
1032 ## This must be an arrayref, else nothing works!
1033 my $tuple_status = [];
1035 ## Get the bind_attributes, if any exist
1036 my $bind_attributes = $self->source_bind_attributes($source);
1038 ## Bind the values and execute
1039 my $placeholder_index = 1;
1041 foreach my $bound (@bind) {
1043 my $attributes = {};
1044 my ($column_name, $data_index) = @$bound;
1046 if( $bind_attributes ) {
1047 $attributes = $bind_attributes->{$column_name}
1048 if defined $bind_attributes->{$column_name};
1051 my @data = map { $_->[$data_index] } @$data;
1053 $sth->bind_param_array( $placeholder_index, [@data], $attributes );
1054 $placeholder_index++;
1056 my $rv = eval { $sth->execute_array({ArrayTupleStatus => $tuple_status}) };
1059 ++$i while $i <= $#$tuple_status && !ref $tuple_status->[$i];
1061 $self->throw_exception($sth->errstr || "Unexpected populate error: $err")
1062 if ($i > $#$tuple_status);
1064 require Data::Dumper;
1065 local $Data::Dumper::Terse = 1;
1066 local $Data::Dumper::Indent = 1;
1067 local $Data::Dumper::Useqq = 1;
1068 local $Data::Dumper::Quotekeys = 0;
1070 $self->throw_exception(sprintf "%s for populate slice:\n%s",
1071 $tuple_status->[$i][1],
1072 Data::Dumper::Dumper(
1073 { map { $cols->[$_] => $data->[$i][$_] } (0 .. $#$cols) }
1077 $self->throw_exception($sth->errstr) if !$rv;
1079 $self->_query_end( $sql, @bind );
1080 return (wantarray ? ($rv, $sth, @bind) : $rv);
1084 my $self = shift @_;
1085 my $source = shift @_;
1086 my $bind_attributes = $self->source_bind_attributes($source);
1088 return $self->_execute('update' => [], $source, $bind_attributes, @_);
1093 my $self = shift @_;
1094 my $source = shift @_;
1096 my $bind_attrs = $self->source_bind_attributes($source);
1098 return $self->_execute('delete' => [], $source, $bind_attrs, @_);
1101 # We were sent here because the $rs contains a complex search
1102 # which will require a subquery to select the correct rows
1103 # (i.e. joined or limited resultsets)
1105 # Genarating a single PK column subquery is trivial and supported
1106 # by all RDBMS. However if we have a multicolumn PK, things get ugly.
1107 # Look at _multipk_update_delete()
1108 sub _subq_update_delete {
1110 my ($rs, $op, $values) = @_;
1112 my $rsrc = $rs->result_source;
1114 # we already check this, but double check naively just in case. Should be removed soon
1115 my $sel = $rs->_resolved_attrs->{select};
1116 $sel = [ $sel ] unless ref $sel eq 'ARRAY';
1117 my @pcols = $rsrc->primary_columns;
1118 if (@$sel != @pcols) {
1119 $self->throw_exception (
1120 'Subquery update/delete can not be called on resultsets selecting a'
1121 .' number of columns different than the number of primary keys'
1128 $op eq 'update' ? $values : (),
1129 { $pcols[0] => { -in => $rs->as_query } },
1134 return $self->_multipk_update_delete (@_);
1138 # ANSI SQL does not provide a reliable way to perform a multicol-PK
1139 # resultset update/delete involving subqueries. So by default resort
1140 # to simple (and inefficient) delete_all style per-row opearations,
1141 # while allowing specific storages to override this with a faster
1144 sub _multipk_update_delete {
1145 return shift->_per_row_update_delete (@_);
1148 # This is the default loop used to delete/update rows for multi PK
1149 # resultsets, and used by mysql exclusively (because it can't do anything
1152 # We do not use $row->$op style queries, because resultset update/delete
1153 # is not expected to cascade (this is what delete_all/update_all is for).
1155 # There should be no race conditions as the entire operation is rolled
1158 sub _per_row_update_delete {
1160 my ($rs, $op, $values) = @_;
1162 my $rsrc = $rs->result_source;
1163 my @pcols = $rsrc->primary_columns;
1165 my $guard = $self->txn_scope_guard;
1167 # emulate the return value of $sth->execute for non-selects
1168 my $row_cnt = '0E0';
1170 my $subrs_cur = $rs->cursor;
1171 while (my @pks = $subrs_cur->next) {
1174 for my $i (0.. $#pcols) {
1175 $cond->{$pcols[$i]} = $pks[$i];
1180 $op eq 'update' ? $values : (),
1195 # localization is neccessary as
1196 # 1) there is no infrastructure to pass this around (easy to do, but will wait)
1197 # 2) _select_args sets it and _prep_for_execute consumes it
1198 my $sql_maker = $self->sql_maker;
1199 local $sql_maker->{for};
1201 return $self->_execute($self->_select_args(@_));
1204 sub _select_args_to_query {
1207 # localization is neccessary as
1208 # 1) there is no infrastructure to pass this around (easy to do, but will wait)
1209 # 2) _select_args sets it and _prep_for_execute consumes it
1210 my $sql_maker = $self->sql_maker;
1211 local $sql_maker->{for};
1213 # my ($op, $bind, $ident, $bind_attrs, $select, $cond, $order, $rows, $offset)
1214 # = $self->_select_args($ident, $select, $cond, $attrs);
1215 my ($op, $bind, $ident, $bind_attrs, @args) =
1216 $self->_select_args(@_);
1218 # my ($sql, $prepared_bind) = $self->_prep_for_execute($op, $bind, $ident, [ $select, $cond, $order, $rows, $offset ]);
1219 my ($sql, $prepared_bind) = $self->_prep_for_execute($op, $bind, $ident, \@args);
1220 $prepared_bind ||= [];
1223 ? ($sql, $prepared_bind, $bind_attrs)
1224 : \[ "($sql)", @$prepared_bind ]
1229 my ($self, $ident, $select, $where, $attrs) = @_;
1231 my $sql_maker = $self->sql_maker;
1232 my $alias2source = $self->_resolve_ident_sources ($ident);
1234 # calculate bind_attrs before possible $ident mangling
1235 my $bind_attrs = {};
1236 for my $alias (keys %$alias2source) {
1237 my $bindtypes = $self->source_bind_attributes ($alias2source->{$alias}) || {};
1238 for my $col (keys %$bindtypes) {
1240 my $fqcn = join ('.', $alias, $col);
1241 $bind_attrs->{$fqcn} = $bindtypes->{$col} if $bindtypes->{$col};
1243 # so that unqualified searches can be bound too
1244 $bind_attrs->{$col} = $bind_attrs->{$fqcn} if $alias eq 'me';
1249 if ($attrs->{software_limit} ||
1250 $sql_maker->_default_limit_syntax eq "GenericSubQ") {
1251 $attrs->{software_limit} = 1;
1253 $self->throw_exception("rows attribute must be positive if present")
1254 if (defined($attrs->{rows}) && !($attrs->{rows} > 0));
1256 # MySQL actually recommends this approach. I cringe.
1257 $attrs->{rows} = 2**48 if not defined $attrs->{rows} and defined $attrs->{offset};
1259 if ($attrs->{rows} && keys %{$attrs->{collapse}}) {
1260 ($ident, $select, $where, $attrs)
1261 = $self->_adjust_select_args_for_limited_prefetch ($ident, $select, $where, $attrs);
1264 push @limit, $attrs->{rows}, $attrs->{offset};
1269 # This would be the point to deflate anything found in $where
1270 # (and leave $attrs->{bind} intact). Problem is - inflators historically
1271 # expect a row object. And all we have is a resultsource (it is trivial
1272 # to extract deflator coderefs via $alias2source above).
1274 # I don't see a way forward other than changing the way deflators are
1275 # invoked, and that's just bad...
1279 { $attrs->{$_} ? ( $_ => $attrs->{$_} ) : () }
1280 (qw/order_by group_by having _virtual_order_by/ )
1284 $sql_maker->{for} = delete $attrs->{for};
1286 return ('select', $attrs->{bind}, $ident, $bind_attrs, $select, $where, $order, @limit);
1289 sub _adjust_select_args_for_limited_prefetch {
1290 my ($self, $from, $select, $where, $attrs) = @_;
1292 if ($attrs->{group_by} and @{$attrs->{group_by}}) {
1293 $self->throw_exception ('Prefetch with limit (rows/offset) is not supported on resultsets with a group_by attribute');
1296 $self->throw_exception ('Prefetch with limit (rows/offset) is not supported on resultsets with a custom from attribute')
1297 if (ref $from ne 'ARRAY');
1299 # separate attributes
1300 my $sub_attrs = { %$attrs };
1301 delete $attrs->{$_} for qw/where bind rows offset/;
1302 delete $sub_attrs->{$_} for qw/for collapse select order_by/;
1304 my $alias = $attrs->{alias};
1306 # create subquery select list
1307 my $sub_select = [ grep { $_ =~ /^$alias\./ } @{$attrs->{select}} ];
1309 # bring over all non-collapse-induced order_by into the inner query (if any)
1310 # the outer one will have to keep them all
1311 if (my $ord_cnt = @{$attrs->{order_by}} - @{$attrs->{_collapse_order_by}} ) {
1312 $sub_attrs->{order_by} = [
1313 @{$attrs->{order_by}}[ 0 .. ($#{$attrs->{order_by}} - $ord_cnt - 1) ]
1318 # mangle the head of the {from}
1319 my $self_ident = shift @$from;
1321 my %join_info = map { $_->[0]{-alias} => $_->[0] } (@$from);
1325 # decide which parts of the join will remain on the inside
1327 # this is not a very viable optimisation, but it was written
1328 # before I realised this, so might as well remain. We can throw
1329 # away _any_ branches of the join tree that are:
1330 # 1) not mentioned in the condition/order
1331 # 2) left-join leaves (or left-join leaf chains)
1332 # Most of the join ocnditions will not satisfy this, but for real
1333 # complex queries some might, and we might make some RDBMS happy.
1336 # since we do not have introspectable SQLA, we fall back to ugly
1337 # scanning of raw SQL for WHERE, and for pieces of ORDER BY
1338 # in order to determine what goes into %inner_joins
1339 # It may not be very efficient, but it's a reasonable stop-gap
1341 # produce stuff unquoted, so it can be scanned
1342 my $sql_maker = $self->sql_maker;
1343 local $sql_maker->{quote_char};
1346 { ref $_ ? $_->[0] : $_ }
1347 $sql_maker->_order_by_chunks ($sub_attrs->{order_by})
1350 my $where_sql = $sql_maker->where ($where);
1353 for my $alias (keys %join_info) {
1355 # any table alias found on a column name in where or order_by
1356 # gets included in %inner_joins
1357 # Also any parent joins that are needed to reach this particular alias
1358 for my $piece ($where_sql, @order_by ) {
1359 if ($piece =~ /\b$alias\./) {
1360 $inner_joins{$alias} = 1;
1366 # scan for non-leaf/non-left joins and mark as needed
1367 # also mark all ancestor joins that are needed to reach this particular alias
1368 # (e.g. join => { cds => 'tracks' } - tracks will bring cds too )
1370 # traverse by the size of the -join_path i.e. reverse depth first
1371 for my $alias (sort { @{$join_info{$b}{-join_path}} <=> @{$join_info{$a}{-join_path}} } (keys %join_info) ) {
1373 my $j = $join_info{$alias};
1374 $inner_joins{$alias} = 1 if (! $j->{-join_type} || ($j->{-join_type} !~ /^left$/i) );
1376 if ($inner_joins{$alias}) {
1377 $inner_joins{$_} = 1 for (@{$j->{-join_path}});
1381 # construct the inner $from for the subquery
1382 my $inner_from = [ $self_ident ];
1383 if (keys %inner_joins) {
1384 for my $j (@$from) {
1385 push @$inner_from, $j if $inner_joins{$j->[0]{-alias}};
1388 # if a multi-type join was needed in the subquery ("multi" is indicated by
1389 # presence in {collapse}) - add a group_by to simulate the collapse in the subq
1390 for my $alias (keys %inner_joins) {
1392 # the dot comes from some weirdness in collapse
1393 # remove after the rewrite
1394 if ($attrs->{collapse}{".$alias"}) {
1395 $sub_attrs->{group_by} = $sub_select;
1401 # generate the subquery
1402 my $subq = $self->_select_args_to_query (
1409 # put it back in $from
1410 unshift @$from, { $alias => $subq };
1412 # This is totally horrific - the $where ends up in both the inner and outer query
1413 # Unfortunately not much can be done until SQLA2 introspection arrives
1415 # OTOH it can be seen as a plus: <ash> (notes that this query would make a DBA cry ;)
1416 return ($from, $select, $where, $attrs);
1419 sub _resolve_ident_sources {
1420 my ($self, $ident) = @_;
1422 my $alias2source = {};
1424 # the reason this is so contrived is that $ident may be a {from}
1425 # structure, specifying multiple tables to join
1426 if ( Scalar::Util::blessed($ident) && $ident->isa("DBIx::Class::ResultSource") ) {
1427 # this is compat mode for insert/update/delete which do not deal with aliases
1428 $alias2source->{me} = $ident;
1430 elsif (ref $ident eq 'ARRAY') {
1434 if (ref $_ eq 'HASH') {
1437 if (ref $_ eq 'ARRAY' and ref $_->[0] eq 'HASH') {
1441 $alias2source->{$tabinfo->{-alias}} = $tabinfo->{-source_handle}->resolve
1442 if ($tabinfo->{-source_handle});
1446 return $alias2source;
1449 # Returns a counting SELECT for a simple count
1450 # query. Abstracted so that a storage could override
1451 # this to { count => 'firstcol' } or whatever makes
1452 # sense as a performance optimization
1454 #my ($self, $source, $rs_attrs) = @_;
1455 return { count => '*' };
1458 # Returns a SELECT which will end up in the subselect
1459 # There may or may not be a group_by, as the subquery
1460 # might have been called to accomodate a limit
1462 # Most databases would be happy with whatever ends up
1463 # here, but some choke in various ways.
1465 sub _subq_count_select {
1466 my ($self, $source, $rs_attrs) = @_;
1467 return $rs_attrs->{group_by} if $rs_attrs->{group_by};
1469 my @pcols = map { join '.', $rs_attrs->{alias}, $_ } ($source->primary_columns);
1470 return @pcols ? \@pcols : [ 1 ];
1474 sub source_bind_attributes {
1475 my ($self, $source) = @_;
1477 my $bind_attributes;
1478 foreach my $column ($source->columns) {
1480 my $data_type = $source->column_info($column)->{data_type} || '';
1481 $bind_attributes->{$column} = $self->bind_attribute_by_data_type($data_type)
1485 return $bind_attributes;
1492 =item Arguments: $ident, $select, $condition, $attrs
1496 Handle a SQL select statement.
1502 my ($ident, $select, $condition, $attrs) = @_;
1503 return $self->cursor_class->new($self, \@_, $attrs);
1508 my ($rv, $sth, @bind) = $self->_select(@_);
1509 my @row = $sth->fetchrow_array;
1510 my @nextrow = $sth->fetchrow_array if @row;
1511 if(@row && @nextrow) {
1512 carp "Query returned more than one row. SQL that returns multiple rows is DEPRECATED for ->find and ->single";
1514 # Need to call finish() to work round broken DBDs
1523 =item Arguments: $sql
1527 Returns a L<DBI> sth (statement handle) for the supplied SQL.
1532 my ($self, $dbh, $sql) = @_;
1534 # 3 is the if_active parameter which avoids active sth re-use
1535 my $sth = $self->disable_sth_caching
1536 ? $dbh->prepare($sql)
1537 : $dbh->prepare_cached($sql, {}, 3);
1539 # XXX You would think RaiseError would make this impossible,
1540 # but apparently that's not true :(
1541 $self->throw_exception($dbh->errstr) if !$sth;
1547 my ($self, $sql) = @_;
1548 $self->dbh_do('_dbh_sth', $sql);
1551 sub _dbh_columns_info_for {
1552 my ($self, $dbh, $table) = @_;
1554 if ($dbh->can('column_info')) {
1557 my ($schema,$tab) = $table =~ /^(.+?)\.(.+)$/ ? ($1,$2) : (undef,$table);
1558 my $sth = $dbh->column_info( undef,$schema, $tab, '%' );
1560 while ( my $info = $sth->fetchrow_hashref() ){
1562 $column_info{data_type} = $info->{TYPE_NAME};
1563 $column_info{size} = $info->{COLUMN_SIZE};
1564 $column_info{is_nullable} = $info->{NULLABLE} ? 1 : 0;
1565 $column_info{default_value} = $info->{COLUMN_DEF};
1566 my $col_name = $info->{COLUMN_NAME};
1567 $col_name =~ s/^\"(.*)\"$/$1/;
1569 $result{$col_name} = \%column_info;
1572 return \%result if !$@ && scalar keys %result;
1576 my $sth = $dbh->prepare($self->sql_maker->select($table, undef, \'1 = 0'));
1578 my @columns = @{$sth->{NAME_lc}};
1579 for my $i ( 0 .. $#columns ){
1581 $column_info{data_type} = $sth->{TYPE}->[$i];
1582 $column_info{size} = $sth->{PRECISION}->[$i];
1583 $column_info{is_nullable} = $sth->{NULLABLE}->[$i] ? 1 : 0;
1585 if ($column_info{data_type} =~ m/^(.*?)\((.*?)\)$/) {
1586 $column_info{data_type} = $1;
1587 $column_info{size} = $2;
1590 $result{$columns[$i]} = \%column_info;
1594 foreach my $col (keys %result) {
1595 my $colinfo = $result{$col};
1596 my $type_num = $colinfo->{data_type};
1598 if(defined $type_num && $dbh->can('type_info')) {
1599 my $type_info = $dbh->type_info($type_num);
1600 $type_name = $type_info->{TYPE_NAME} if $type_info;
1601 $colinfo->{data_type} = $type_name if $type_name;
1608 sub columns_info_for {
1609 my ($self, $table) = @_;
1610 $self->dbh_do('_dbh_columns_info_for', $table);
1613 =head2 last_insert_id
1615 Return the row id of the last insert.
1619 sub _dbh_last_insert_id {
1620 # All Storage's need to register their own _dbh_last_insert_id
1621 # the old SQLite-based method was highly inappropriate
1624 my $class = ref $self;
1625 $self->throw_exception (<<EOE);
1627 No _dbh_last_insert_id() method found in $class.
1628 Since the method of obtaining the autoincrement id of the last insert
1629 operation varies greatly between different databases, this method must be
1630 individually implemented for every storage class.
1634 sub last_insert_id {
1636 $self->dbh_do('_dbh_last_insert_id', @_);
1641 Returns the database driver name.
1645 sub sqlt_type { shift->dbh->{Driver}->{Name} }
1647 =head2 bind_attribute_by_data_type
1649 Given a datatype from column info, returns a database specific bind
1650 attribute for C<< $dbh->bind_param($val,$attribute) >> or nothing if we will
1651 let the database planner just handle it.
1653 Generally only needed for special case column types, like bytea in postgres.
1657 sub bind_attribute_by_data_type {
1661 =head2 is_datatype_numeric
1663 Given a datatype from column_info, returns a boolean value indicating if
1664 the current RDBMS considers it a numeric value. This controls how
1665 L<DBIx::Class::Row/set_column> decides whether to mark the column as
1666 dirty - when the datatype is deemed numeric a C<< != >> comparison will
1667 be performed instead of the usual C<eq>.
1671 sub is_datatype_numeric {
1672 my ($self, $dt) = @_;
1674 return 0 unless $dt;
1676 return $dt =~ /^ (?:
1677 numeric | int(?:eger)? | (?:tiny|small|medium|big)int | dec(?:imal)? | real | float | double (?: \s+ precision)? | (?:big)?serial
1682 =head2 create_ddl_dir (EXPERIMENTAL)
1686 =item Arguments: $schema \@databases, $version, $directory, $preversion, \%sqlt_args
1690 Creates a SQL file based on the Schema, for each of the specified
1691 database engines in C<\@databases> in the given directory.
1692 (note: specify L<SQL::Translator> names, not L<DBI> driver names).
1694 Given a previous version number, this will also create a file containing
1695 the ALTER TABLE statements to transform the previous schema into the
1696 current one. Note that these statements may contain C<DROP TABLE> or
1697 C<DROP COLUMN> statements that can potentially destroy data.
1699 The file names are created using the C<ddl_filename> method below, please
1700 override this method in your schema if you would like a different file
1701 name format. For the ALTER file, the same format is used, replacing
1702 $version in the name with "$preversion-$version".
1704 See L<SQL::Translator/METHODS> for a list of values for C<\%sqlt_args>.
1705 The most common value for this would be C<< { add_drop_table => 1 } >>
1706 to have the SQL produced include a C<DROP TABLE> statement for each table
1707 created. For quoting purposes supply C<quote_table_names> and
1708 C<quote_field_names>.
1710 If no arguments are passed, then the following default values are assumed:
1714 =item databases - ['MySQL', 'SQLite', 'PostgreSQL']
1716 =item version - $schema->schema_version
1718 =item directory - './'
1720 =item preversion - <none>
1724 By default, C<\%sqlt_args> will have
1726 { add_drop_table => 1, ignore_constraint_names => 1, ignore_index_names => 1 }
1728 merged with the hash passed in. To disable any of those features, pass in a
1729 hashref like the following
1731 { ignore_constraint_names => 0, # ... other options }
1734 Note that this feature is currently EXPERIMENTAL and may not work correctly
1735 across all databases, or fully handle complex relationships.
1737 WARNING: Please check all SQL files created, before applying them.
1741 sub create_ddl_dir {
1742 my ($self, $schema, $databases, $version, $dir, $preversion, $sqltargs) = @_;
1744 if(!$dir || !-d $dir) {
1745 carp "No directory given, using ./\n";
1748 $databases ||= ['MySQL', 'SQLite', 'PostgreSQL'];
1749 $databases = [ $databases ] if(ref($databases) ne 'ARRAY');
1751 my $schema_version = $schema->schema_version || '1.x';
1752 $version ||= $schema_version;
1755 add_drop_table => 1,
1756 ignore_constraint_names => 1,
1757 ignore_index_names => 1,
1761 $self->throw_exception(q{Can't create a ddl file without SQL::Translator 0.09003: '}
1762 . $self->_check_sqlt_message . q{'})
1763 if !$self->_check_sqlt_version;
1765 my $sqlt = SQL::Translator->new( $sqltargs );
1767 $sqlt->parser('SQL::Translator::Parser::DBIx::Class');
1768 my $sqlt_schema = $sqlt->translate({ data => $schema })
1769 or $self->throw_exception ($sqlt->error);
1771 foreach my $db (@$databases) {
1773 $sqlt->{schema} = $sqlt_schema;
1774 $sqlt->producer($db);
1777 my $filename = $schema->ddl_filename($db, $version, $dir);
1778 if (-e $filename && ($version eq $schema_version )) {
1779 # if we are dumping the current version, overwrite the DDL
1780 carp "Overwriting existing DDL file - $filename";
1784 my $output = $sqlt->translate;
1786 carp("Failed to translate to $db, skipping. (" . $sqlt->error . ")");
1789 if(!open($file, ">$filename")) {
1790 $self->throw_exception("Can't open $filename for writing ($!)");
1793 print $file $output;
1796 next unless ($preversion);
1798 require SQL::Translator::Diff;
1800 my $prefilename = $schema->ddl_filename($db, $preversion, $dir);
1801 if(!-e $prefilename) {
1802 carp("No previous schema file found ($prefilename)");
1806 my $difffile = $schema->ddl_filename($db, $version, $dir, $preversion);
1808 carp("Overwriting existing diff file - $difffile");
1814 my $t = SQL::Translator->new($sqltargs);
1819 or $self->throw_exception ($t->error);
1821 my $out = $t->translate( $prefilename )
1822 or $self->throw_exception ($t->error);
1824 $source_schema = $t->schema;
1826 $source_schema->name( $prefilename )
1827 unless ( $source_schema->name );
1830 # The "new" style of producers have sane normalization and can support
1831 # diffing a SQL file against a DBIC->SQLT schema. Old style ones don't
1832 # And we have to diff parsed SQL against parsed SQL.
1833 my $dest_schema = $sqlt_schema;
1835 unless ( "SQL::Translator::Producer::$db"->can('preprocess_schema') ) {
1836 my $t = SQL::Translator->new($sqltargs);
1841 or $self->throw_exception ($t->error);
1843 my $out = $t->translate( $filename )
1844 or $self->throw_exception ($t->error);
1846 $dest_schema = $t->schema;
1848 $dest_schema->name( $filename )
1849 unless $dest_schema->name;
1852 my $diff = SQL::Translator::Diff::schema_diff($source_schema, $db,
1856 if(!open $file, ">$difffile") {
1857 $self->throw_exception("Can't write to $difffile ($!)");
1865 =head2 deployment_statements
1869 =item Arguments: $schema, $type, $version, $directory, $sqlt_args
1873 Returns the statements used by L</deploy> and L<DBIx::Class::Schema/deploy>.
1875 The L<SQL::Translator> (not L<DBI>) database driver name can be explicitly
1876 provided in C<$type>, otherwise the result of L</sqlt_type> is used as default.
1878 C<$directory> is used to return statements from files in a previously created
1879 L</create_ddl_dir> directory and is optional. The filenames are constructed
1880 from L<DBIx::Class::Schema/ddl_filename>, the schema name and the C<$version>.
1882 If no C<$directory> is specified then the statements are constructed on the
1883 fly using L<SQL::Translator> and C<$version> is ignored.
1885 See L<SQL::Translator/METHODS> for a list of values for C<$sqlt_args>.
1889 sub deployment_statements {
1890 my ($self, $schema, $type, $version, $dir, $sqltargs) = @_;
1891 # Need to be connected to get the correct sqlt_type
1892 $self->ensure_connected() unless $type;
1893 $type ||= $self->sqlt_type;
1894 $version ||= $schema->schema_version || '1.x';
1896 my $filename = $schema->ddl_filename($type, $version, $dir);
1900 open($file, "<$filename")
1901 or $self->throw_exception("Can't open $filename ($!)");
1904 return join('', @rows);
1907 $self->throw_exception(q{Can't deploy without SQL::Translator 0.09003: '}
1908 . $self->_check_sqlt_message . q{'})
1909 if !$self->_check_sqlt_version;
1911 require SQL::Translator::Parser::DBIx::Class;
1912 eval qq{use SQL::Translator::Producer::${type}};
1913 $self->throw_exception($@) if $@;
1915 # sources needs to be a parser arg, but for simplicty allow at top level
1917 $sqltargs->{parser_args}{sources} = delete $sqltargs->{sources}
1918 if exists $sqltargs->{sources};
1920 my $tr = SQL::Translator->new(%$sqltargs);
1921 SQL::Translator::Parser::DBIx::Class::parse( $tr, $schema );
1922 return "SQL::Translator::Producer::${type}"->can('produce')->($tr);
1926 my ($self, $schema, $type, $sqltargs, $dir) = @_;
1929 return if($line =~ /^--/);
1931 # next if($line =~ /^DROP/m);
1932 return if($line =~ /^BEGIN TRANSACTION/m);
1933 return if($line =~ /^COMMIT/m);
1934 return if $line =~ /^\s+$/; # skip whitespace only
1935 $self->_query_start($line);
1937 $self->dbh->do($line); # shouldn't be using ->dbh ?
1940 carp qq{$@ (running "${line}")};
1942 $self->_query_end($line);
1944 my @statements = $self->deployment_statements($schema, $type, undef, $dir, { %{ $sqltargs || {} }, no_comments => 1 } );
1945 if (@statements > 1) {
1946 foreach my $statement (@statements) {
1947 $deploy->( $statement );
1950 elsif (@statements == 1) {
1951 foreach my $line ( split(";\n", $statements[0])) {
1957 =head2 datetime_parser
1959 Returns the datetime parser class
1963 sub datetime_parser {
1965 return $self->{datetime_parser} ||= do {
1966 $self->ensure_connected;
1967 $self->build_datetime_parser(@_);
1971 =head2 datetime_parser_type
1973 Defines (returns) the datetime parser class - currently hardwired to
1974 L<DateTime::Format::MySQL>
1978 sub datetime_parser_type { "DateTime::Format::MySQL"; }
1980 =head2 build_datetime_parser
1982 See L</datetime_parser>
1986 sub build_datetime_parser {
1988 my $type = $self->datetime_parser_type(@_);
1990 $self->throw_exception("Couldn't load ${type}: $@") if $@;
1995 my $_check_sqlt_version; # private
1996 my $_check_sqlt_message; # private
1997 sub _check_sqlt_version {
1998 return $_check_sqlt_version if defined $_check_sqlt_version;
1999 eval 'use SQL::Translator "0.09003"';
2000 $_check_sqlt_message = $@ || '';
2001 $_check_sqlt_version = !$@;
2004 sub _check_sqlt_message {
2005 _check_sqlt_version if !defined $_check_sqlt_message;
2006 $_check_sqlt_message;
2010 =head2 is_replicating
2012 A boolean that reports if a particular L<DBIx::Class::Storage::DBI> is set to
2013 replicate from a master database. Default is undef, which is the result
2014 returned by databases that don't support replication.
2018 sub is_replicating {
2023 =head2 lag_behind_master
2025 Returns a number that represents a certain amount of lag behind a master db
2026 when a given storage is replicating. The number is database dependent, but
2027 starts at zero and increases with the amount of lag. Default in undef
2031 sub lag_behind_master {
2037 return if !$self->_dbh;
2046 =head2 DBIx::Class and AutoCommit
2048 DBIx::Class can do some wonderful magic with handling exceptions,
2049 disconnections, and transactions when you use C<< AutoCommit => 1 >>
2050 combined with C<txn_do> for transaction support.
2052 If you set C<< AutoCommit => 0 >> in your connect info, then you are always
2053 in an assumed transaction between commits, and you're telling us you'd
2054 like to manage that manually. A lot of the magic protections offered by
2055 this module will go away. We can't protect you from exceptions due to database
2056 disconnects because we don't know anything about how to restart your
2057 transactions. You're on your own for handling all sorts of exceptional
2058 cases if you choose the C<< AutoCommit => 0 >> path, just as you would
2065 Matt S. Trout <mst@shadowcatsystems.co.uk>
2067 Andy Grundman <andy@hybridized.org>
2071 You may distribute this code under the same terms as Perl itself.