1 package DBIx::Class::Storage::DBI::Sybase::ASE;
7 DBIx::Class::Storage::DBI::Sybase
8 DBIx::Class::Storage::DBI::AutoCast
11 use Carp::Clan qw/^DBIx::Class/;
12 use Scalar::Util 'blessed';
13 use List::Util 'first';
15 use Data::Dumper::Concise 'Dumper';
19 __PACKAGE__->sql_limit_dialect ('RowCountOrGenericSubQ');
20 __PACKAGE__->sql_quote_char ([qw/[ ]/]);
22 __PACKAGE__->mk_group_accessors('simple' =>
23 qw/_identity _blob_log_on_update _writer_storage _is_extra_storage
24 _bulk_storage _is_bulk_storage _began_bulk_work
25 _bulk_disabled_due_to_coderef_connect_info_warned
29 my @also_proxy_to_extra_storages = qw/
30 connect_call_set_auto_cast auto_cast connect_call_blob_setup
31 connect_call_datetime_setup
33 disconnect _connect_info _sql_maker _sql_maker_opts disable_sth_caching
34 auto_savepoint unsafe cursor_class debug debugobj schema
39 DBIx::Class::Storage::DBI::Sybase::ASE - Sybase ASE SQL Server support for
44 This subclass supports L<DBD::Sybase> for real (non-Microsoft) Sybase databases.
48 If your version of Sybase does not support placeholders, then your storage will
49 be reblessed to L<DBIx::Class::Storage::DBI::Sybase::ASE::NoBindVars>.
50 You can also enable that driver explicitly, see the documentation for more
53 With this driver there is unfortunately no way to get the C<last_insert_id>
54 without doing a C<SELECT MAX(col)>. This is done safely in a transaction
55 (locking the table.) See L</INSERTS WITH PLACEHOLDERS>.
57 A recommended L<connect_info|DBIx::Class::Storage::DBI/connect_info> setting:
59 on_connect_call => [['datetime_setup'], ['blob_setup', log_on_update => 0]]
68 my $no_bind_vars = __PACKAGE__ . '::NoBindVars';
70 if ($self->using_freetds) {
71 carp <<'EOF' unless $ENV{DBIC_SYBASE_FREETDS_NOWARN};
73 You are using FreeTDS with Sybase.
75 We will do our best to support this configuration, but please consider this
78 TEXT/IMAGE columns will definitely not work.
80 You are encouraged to recompile DBD::Sybase with the Sybase Open Client libraries
83 See perldoc DBIx::Class::Storage::DBI::Sybase::ASE for more details.
85 To turn off this warning set the DBIC_SYBASE_FREETDS_NOWARN environment
89 if (not $self->_use_typeless_placeholders) {
90 if ($self->_use_placeholders) {
94 $self->ensure_class_loaded($no_bind_vars);
95 bless $self, $no_bind_vars;
101 elsif (not $self->_get_dbh->{syb_dynamic_supported}) {
102 # not necessarily FreeTDS, but no placeholders nevertheless
103 $self->ensure_class_loaded($no_bind_vars);
104 bless $self, $no_bind_vars;
107 # this is highly unlikely, but we check just in case
108 elsif (not $self->_use_typeless_placeholders) {
115 $self->_set_max_connect(256);
117 # create storage for insert/(update blob) transactions,
118 # unless this is that storage
119 return if $self->_is_extra_storage;
121 my $writer_storage = (ref $self)->new;
123 $writer_storage->_is_extra_storage(1);
124 $writer_storage->connect_info($self->connect_info);
125 $writer_storage->auto_cast($self->auto_cast);
127 $self->_writer_storage($writer_storage);
129 # create a bulk storage unless connect_info is a coderef
130 return if ref($self->_dbi_connect_info->[0]) eq 'CODE';
132 my $bulk_storage = (ref $self)->new;
134 $bulk_storage->_is_extra_storage(1);
135 $bulk_storage->_is_bulk_storage(1); # for special ->disconnect acrobatics
136 $bulk_storage->connect_info($self->connect_info);
139 $bulk_storage->_dbi_connect_info->[0] .= ';bulkLogin=1';
141 $self->_bulk_storage($bulk_storage);
144 for my $method (@also_proxy_to_extra_storages) {
146 no warnings 'redefine';
148 my $replaced = __PACKAGE__->can($method);
150 *{$method} = Sub::Name::subname $method => sub {
152 $self->_writer_storage->$replaced(@_) if $self->_writer_storage;
153 $self->_bulk_storage->$replaced(@_) if $self->_bulk_storage;
154 return $self->$replaced(@_);
161 # Even though we call $sth->finish for uses off the bulk API, there's still an
162 # "active statement" warning on disconnect, which we throw away here.
163 # This is due to the bug described in insert_bulk.
164 # Currently a noop because 'prepare' is used instead of 'prepare_cached'.
165 local $SIG{__WARN__} = sub {
166 warn $_[0] unless $_[0] =~ /active statement/i;
167 } if $self->_is_bulk_storage;
169 # so that next transaction gets a dbh
170 $self->_began_bulk_work(0) if $self->_is_bulk_storage;
175 # Set up session settings for Sybase databases for the connection.
177 # Make sure we have CHAINED mode turned on if AutoCommit is off in non-FreeTDS
178 # DBD::Sybase (since we don't know how DBD::Sybase was compiled.) If however
179 # we're using FreeTDS, CHAINED mode turns on an implicit transaction which we
180 # only want when AutoCommit is off.
182 # Also SET TEXTSIZE for FreeTDS because LongReadLen doesn't work.
183 sub _run_connection_actions {
186 if ($self->_is_bulk_storage) {
187 # this should be cleared on every reconnect
188 $self->_began_bulk_work(0);
192 if (not $self->using_freetds) {
193 $self->_dbh->{syb_chained_txn} = 1;
195 # based on LongReadLen in connect_info
198 if ($self->_dbh_autocommit) {
199 $self->_dbh->do('SET CHAINED OFF');
201 $self->_dbh->do('SET CHAINED ON');
205 $self->next::method(@_);
208 =head2 connect_call_blob_setup
212 on_connect_call => [ [ 'blob_setup', log_on_update => 0 ] ]
214 Does C<< $dbh->{syb_binary_images} = 1; >> to return C<IMAGE> data as raw binary
215 instead of as a hex string.
219 Also sets the C<log_on_update> value for blob write operations. The default is
220 C<1>, but C<0> is better if your database is configured for it.
223 L<DBD::Sybase/Handling_IMAGE/TEXT_data_with_syb_ct_get_data()/syb_ct_send_data()>.
227 sub connect_call_blob_setup {
230 my $dbh = $self->_dbh;
231 $dbh->{syb_binary_images} = 1;
233 $self->_blob_log_on_update($args{log_on_update})
234 if exists $args{log_on_update};
238 my ($self, $source, $column) = @_;
240 return $self->_is_lob_type($source->column_info($column)->{data_type});
243 sub _prep_for_execute {
245 my ($op, $extra_bind, $ident, $args) = @_;
247 my ($sql, $bind) = $self->next::method (@_);
249 my $table = blessed $ident ? $ident->from : $ident;
251 my $bind_info = $self->_resolve_column_info(
252 $ident, [map $_->[0], @{$bind}]
254 my $bound_identity_col =
255 first { $bind_info->{$_}{is_auto_increment} }
259 my $columns_info = blessed $ident && $ident->columns_info;
263 first { $columns_info->{$_}{is_auto_increment} }
267 if (($op eq 'insert' && $bound_identity_col) ||
268 ($op eq 'update' && exists $args->[0]{$identity_col})) {
270 $self->_set_table_identity_sql($op => $table, 'on'),
272 $self->_set_table_identity_sql($op => $table, 'off'),
276 if ($op eq 'insert' && (not $bound_identity_col) && $identity_col &&
277 (not $self->{insert_bulk})) {
280 $self->_fetch_identity_sql($ident, $identity_col);
283 return ($sql, $bind);
286 sub _set_table_identity_sql {
287 my ($self, $op, $table, $on_off) = @_;
289 return sprintf 'SET IDENTITY_%s %s %s',
290 uc($op), $self->sql_maker->_quote($table), uc($on_off);
293 # Stolen from SQLT, with some modifications. This is a makeshift
294 # solution before a sane type-mapping library is available, thus
295 # the 'our' for easy overrides.
296 our %TYPE_MAPPING = (
299 varchar => 'varchar',
300 varchar2 => 'varchar',
301 timestamp => 'datetime',
303 real => 'double precision',
306 tinyint => 'smallint',
307 float => 'double precision',
309 bigserial => 'numeric',
310 boolean => 'varchar',
314 sub _native_data_type {
315 my ($self, $type) = @_;
318 $type =~ s/\s* identity//x;
320 return uc($TYPE_MAPPING{$type} || $type);
323 sub _fetch_identity_sql {
324 my ($self, $source, $col) = @_;
326 return sprintf ("SELECT MAX(%s) FROM %s",
327 map { $self->sql_maker->_quote ($_) } ($col, $source->from)
335 my ($rv, $sth, @bind) = $self->dbh_do($self->can('_dbh_execute'), @_);
337 if ($op eq 'insert') {
338 $self->_identity($sth->fetchrow_array);
342 return wantarray ? ($rv, $sth, @bind) : $rv;
345 sub last_insert_id { shift->_identity }
347 # handles TEXT/IMAGE and transaction for last_insert_id
350 my ($source, $to_insert) = @_;
352 my $columns_info = $source->columns_info;
355 (first { $columns_info->{$_}{is_auto_increment} }
356 keys %$columns_info )
359 # check for empty insert
360 # INSERT INTO foo DEFAULT VALUES -- does not work with Sybase
361 # try to insert explicit 'DEFAULT's instead (except for identity, timestamp
362 # and computed columns)
363 if (not %$to_insert) {
364 for my $col ($source->columns) {
365 next if $col eq $identity_col;
367 my $info = $source->column_info($col);
369 next if ref $info->{default_value} eq 'SCALAR'
370 || (exists $info->{data_type} && (not defined $info->{data_type}));
372 next if $info->{data_type} && $info->{data_type} =~ /^timestamp\z/i;
374 $to_insert->{$col} = \'DEFAULT';
378 my $blob_cols = $self->_remove_blob_cols($source, $to_insert);
380 # do we need the horrific SELECT MAX(COL) hack?
381 my $dumb_last_insert_id =
383 && (not exists $to_insert->{$identity_col})
384 && ($self->_identity_method||'') ne '@@IDENTITY';
386 my $next = $self->next::can;
388 # we are already in a transaction, or there are no blobs
389 # and we don't need the PK - just (try to) do it
390 if ($self->{transaction_depth}
391 || (!$blob_cols && !$dumb_last_insert_id)
393 return $self->_insert (
394 $next, $source, $to_insert, $blob_cols, $identity_col
398 # otherwise use the _writer_storage to do the insert+transaction on another
400 my $guard = $self->_writer_storage->txn_scope_guard;
402 my $updated_cols = $self->_writer_storage->_insert (
403 $next, $source, $to_insert, $blob_cols, $identity_col
406 $self->_identity($self->_writer_storage->_identity);
410 return $updated_cols;
414 my ($self, $next, $source, $to_insert, $blob_cols, $identity_col) = @_;
416 my $updated_cols = $self->$next ($source, $to_insert);
420 ($identity_col => $self->last_insert_id($source, $identity_col)) : ()),
425 $self->_insert_blobs ($source, $blob_cols, $final_row) if $blob_cols;
427 return $updated_cols;
432 my ($source, $fields, $where, @rest) = @_;
434 my $blob_cols = $self->_remove_blob_cols($source, $fields);
436 my $table = $source->name;
438 my $columns_info = $source->columns_info;
441 first { $columns_info->{$_}{is_auto_increment} }
444 my $is_identity_update = $identity_col && defined $fields->{$identity_col};
446 return $self->next::method(@_) unless $blob_cols;
448 # If there are any blobs in $where, Sybase will return a descriptive error
450 # XXX blobs can still be used with a LIKE query, and this should be handled.
452 # update+blob update(s) done atomically on separate connection
453 $self = $self->_writer_storage;
455 my $guard = $self->txn_scope_guard;
457 # First update the blob columns to be updated to '' (taken from $fields, where
458 # it is originally put by _remove_blob_cols .)
459 my %blobs_to_empty = map { ($_ => delete $fields->{$_}) } keys %$blob_cols;
461 # We can't only update NULL blobs, because blobs cannot be in the WHERE clause.
463 $self->next::method($source, \%blobs_to_empty, $where, @rest);
465 # Now update the blobs before the other columns in case the update of other
466 # columns makes the search condition invalid.
467 $self->_update_blobs($source, $blob_cols, $where);
472 @res = $self->next::method(@_);
474 elsif (defined wantarray) {
475 $res[0] = $self->next::method(@_);
478 $self->next::method(@_);
484 return wantarray ? @res : $res[0];
489 my ($source, $cols, $data) = @_;
491 my $columns_info = $source->columns_info;
494 first { $columns_info->{$_}{is_auto_increment} }
497 my $is_identity_insert = (first { $_ eq $identity_col } @{$cols}) ? 1 : 0;
499 my @source_columns = $source->columns;
502 $self->_bulk_storage &&
503 $self->_get_dbh->{syb_has_blk};
505 if ((not $use_bulk_api)
507 (ref($self->_dbi_connect_info->[0]) eq 'CODE')
509 (not $self->_bulk_disabled_due_to_coderef_connect_info_warned)) {
511 Bulk API support disabled due to use of a CODEREF connect_info. Reverting to
512 regular array inserts.
514 $self->_bulk_disabled_due_to_coderef_connect_info_warned(1);
517 if (not $use_bulk_api) {
518 my $blob_cols = $self->_remove_blob_cols_array($source, $cols, $data);
520 # _execute_array uses a txn anyway, but it ends too early in case we need to
521 # select max(col) to get the identity for inserting blobs.
522 ($self, my $guard) = $self->{transaction_depth} == 0 ?
523 ($self->_writer_storage, $self->_writer_storage->txn_scope_guard)
527 local $self->{insert_bulk} = 1;
529 $self->next::method(@_);
532 if ($is_identity_insert) {
533 $self->_insert_blobs_array ($source, $blob_cols, $cols, $data);
536 my @cols_with_identities = (@$cols, $identity_col);
538 ## calculate identities
539 # XXX This assumes identities always increase by 1, which may or may not
541 my ($last_identity) =
542 $self->_dbh->selectrow_array (
543 $self->_fetch_identity_sql($source, $identity_col)
545 my @identities = (($last_identity - @$data + 1) .. $last_identity);
547 my @data_with_identities = map [@$_, shift @identities], @$data;
549 $self->_insert_blobs_array (
550 $source, $blob_cols, \@cols_with_identities, \@data_with_identities
555 $guard->commit if $guard;
560 # otherwise, use the bulk API
562 # rearrange @$data so that columns are in database order
564 @orig_idx{@$cols} = 0..$#$cols;
567 @new_idx{@source_columns} = 0..$#source_columns;
570 for my $datum (@$data) {
572 for my $col (@source_columns) {
573 # identity data will be 'undef' if not $is_identity_insert
574 # columns with defaults will also be 'undef'
575 $new_datum->[ $new_idx{$col} ] =
576 exists $orig_idx{$col} ? $datum->[ $orig_idx{$col} ] : undef;
578 push @new_data, $new_datum;
581 # bcp identity index is 1-based
582 my $identity_idx = exists $new_idx{$identity_col} ?
583 $new_idx{$identity_col} + 1 : 0;
585 ## Set a client-side conversion error handler, straight from DBD::Sybase docs.
586 # This ignores any data conversion errors detected by the client side libs, as
587 # they are usually harmless.
588 my $orig_cslib_cb = DBD::Sybase::set_cslib_cb(
589 Sub::Name::subname insert_bulk => sub {
590 my ($layer, $origin, $severity, $errno, $errmsg, $osmsg, $blkmsg) = @_;
592 return 1 if $errno == 36;
595 "Layer: $layer, Origin: $origin, Severity: $severity, Error: $errno" .
596 ($errmsg ? "\n$errmsg" : '') .
597 ($osmsg ? "\n$osmsg" : '') .
598 ($blkmsg ? "\n$blkmsg" : '');
605 my $bulk = $self->_bulk_storage;
607 my $guard = $bulk->txn_scope_guard;
609 ## XXX get this to work instead of our own $sth
610 ## will require SQLA or *Hacks changes for ordered columns
611 # $bulk->next::method($source, \@source_columns, \@new_data, {
612 # syb_bcp_attribs => {
613 # identity_flag => $is_identity_insert,
614 # identity_column => $identity_idx,
617 my $sql = 'INSERT INTO ' .
618 $bulk->sql_maker->_quote($source->name) . ' (' .
619 # colname list is ignored for BCP, but does no harm
620 (join ', ', map $bulk->sql_maker->_quote($_), @source_columns) . ') '.
621 ' VALUES ('. (join ', ', ('?') x @source_columns) . ')';
623 ## XXX there's a bug in the DBD::Sybase bulk support that makes $sth->finish for
624 ## a prepare_cached statement ineffective. Replace with ->sth when fixed, or
625 ## better yet the version above. Should be fixed in DBD::Sybase .
626 my $sth = $bulk->_get_dbh->prepare($sql,
630 identity_flag => $is_identity_insert,
631 identity_column => $identity_idx,
638 map [ $_, $idx++ ], @source_columns;
641 $self->_execute_array(
642 $source, $sth, \@bind, \@source_columns, \@new_data, sub {
647 $bulk->_query_end($sql);
652 DBD::Sybase::set_cslib_cb($orig_cslib_cb);
654 if ($exception =~ /-Y option/) {
655 my $w = 'Sybase bulk API operation failed due to character set incompatibility, '
656 . 'reverting to regular array inserts. Try unsetting the LANG environment variable'
658 $w .= "\n$exception" if $self->debug;
661 $self->_bulk_storage(undef);
666 # rollback makes the bulkLogin connection unusable
667 $self->_bulk_storage->disconnect;
668 $self->throw_exception($exception);
672 sub _dbh_execute_array {
673 my ($self, $sth, $tuple_status, $cb) = @_;
675 my $rv = $self->next::method($sth, $tuple_status);
681 # Make sure blobs are not bound as placeholders, and return any non-empty ones
683 sub _remove_blob_cols {
684 my ($self, $source, $fields) = @_;
688 for my $col (keys %$fields) {
689 if ($self->_is_lob_column($source, $col)) {
690 my $blob_val = delete $fields->{$col};
691 if (not defined $blob_val) {
692 $fields->{$col} = \'NULL';
695 $fields->{$col} = \"''";
696 $blob_cols{$col} = $blob_val unless $blob_val eq '';
701 return %blob_cols ? \%blob_cols : undef;
704 # same for insert_bulk
705 sub _remove_blob_cols_array {
706 my ($self, $source, $cols, $data) = @_;
710 for my $i (0..$#$cols) {
711 my $col = $cols->[$i];
713 if ($self->_is_lob_column($source, $col)) {
714 for my $j (0..$#$data) {
715 my $blob_val = delete $data->[$j][$i];
716 if (not defined $blob_val) {
717 $data->[$j][$i] = \'NULL';
720 $data->[$j][$i] = \"''";
721 $blob_cols[$j][$i] = $blob_val
722 unless $blob_val eq '';
728 return @blob_cols ? \@blob_cols : undef;
732 my ($self, $source, $blob_cols, $where) = @_;
734 my @primary_cols = try
735 { $source->_pri_cols }
737 $self->throw_exception("Cannot update TEXT/IMAGE column(s): $_")
740 # check if we're updating a single row by PK
741 my $pk_cols_in_where = 0;
742 for my $col (@primary_cols) {
743 $pk_cols_in_where++ if defined $where->{$col};
747 if ($pk_cols_in_where == @primary_cols) {
749 @row_to_update{@primary_cols} = @{$where}{@primary_cols};
750 @rows = \%row_to_update;
752 my $cursor = $self->select ($source, \@primary_cols, $where, {});
754 my %row; @row{@primary_cols} = @$_; \%row
758 for my $row (@rows) {
759 $self->_insert_blobs($source, $blob_cols, $row);
764 my ($self, $source, $blob_cols, $row) = @_;
765 my $dbh = $self->_get_dbh;
767 my $table = $source->name;
770 my @primary_cols = try
771 { $source->_pri_cols }
773 $self->throw_exception("Cannot update TEXT/IMAGE column(s): $_")
776 $self->throw_exception('Cannot update TEXT/IMAGE column(s) without primary key values')
777 if ((grep { defined $row{$_} } @primary_cols) != @primary_cols);
779 for my $col (keys %$blob_cols) {
780 my $blob = $blob_cols->{$col};
782 my %where = map { ($_, $row{$_}) } @primary_cols;
784 my $cursor = $self->select ($source, [$col], \%where, {});
786 my $sth = $cursor->sth;
789 $self->throw_exception(
790 "Could not find row in table '$table' for blob update:\n"
797 $sth->func('CS_GET', 1, 'ct_data_info') or die $sth->errstr;
800 $sth->func('ct_prepare_send') or die $sth->errstr;
802 my $log_on_update = $self->_blob_log_on_update;
803 $log_on_update = 1 if not defined $log_on_update;
805 $sth->func('CS_SET', 1, {
806 total_txtlen => length($blob),
807 log_on_update => $log_on_update
808 }, 'ct_data_info') or die $sth->errstr;
810 $sth->func($blob, length($blob), 'ct_send_data') or die $sth->errstr;
812 $sth->func('ct_finish_send') or die $sth->errstr;
815 if ($self->using_freetds) {
816 $self->throw_exception (
817 "TEXT/IMAGE operation failed, probably because you are using FreeTDS: $_"
821 $self->throw_exception($_);
825 $sth->finish if $sth;
830 sub _insert_blobs_array {
831 my ($self, $source, $blob_cols, $cols, $data) = @_;
833 for my $i (0..$#$data) {
834 my $datum = $data->[$i];
837 @row{ @$cols } = @$datum;
840 for my $j (0..$#$cols) {
841 if (exists $blob_cols->[$i][$j]) {
842 $blob_vals{ $cols->[$j] } = $blob_cols->[$i][$j];
846 $self->_insert_blobs ($source, \%blob_vals, \%row);
850 =head2 connect_call_datetime_setup
854 on_connect_call => 'datetime_setup'
856 In L<connect_info|DBIx::Class::Storage::DBI/connect_info> to set:
858 $dbh->syb_date_fmt('ISO_strict'); # output fmt: 2004-08-21T14:36:48.080Z
859 $dbh->do('set dateformat mdy'); # input fmt: 08/13/1979 18:08:55.080
861 On connection for use with L<DBIx::Class::InflateColumn::DateTime>, using
862 L<DateTime::Format::Sybase>, which you will need to install.
864 This works for both C<DATETIME> and C<SMALLDATETIME> columns, although
865 C<SMALLDATETIME> columns only have minute precision.
870 my $old_dbd_warned = 0;
872 sub connect_call_datetime_setup {
874 my $dbh = $self->_get_dbh;
876 if ($dbh->can('syb_date_fmt')) {
877 # amazingly, this works with FreeTDS
878 $dbh->syb_date_fmt('ISO_strict');
879 } elsif (not $old_dbd_warned) {
880 carp "Your DBD::Sybase is too old to support ".
881 "DBIx::Class::InflateColumn::DateTime, please upgrade!";
885 $dbh->do('SET DATEFORMAT mdy');
891 sub datetime_parser_type { "DateTime::Format::Sybase" }
893 # ->begin_work and such have no effect with FreeTDS but we run them anyway to
894 # let the DBD keep any state it needs to.
896 # If they ever do start working, the extra statements will do no harm (because
897 # Sybase supports nested transactions.)
899 sub _dbh_begin_work {
902 # bulkLogin=1 connections are always in a transaction, and can only call BEGIN
903 # TRAN once. However, we need to make sure there's a $dbh.
904 return if $self->_is_bulk_storage && $self->_dbh && $self->_began_bulk_work;
906 $self->next::method(@_);
908 if ($self->using_freetds) {
909 $self->_get_dbh->do('BEGIN TRAN');
912 $self->_began_bulk_work(1) if $self->_is_bulk_storage;
917 if ($self->using_freetds) {
918 $self->_dbh->do('COMMIT');
920 return $self->next::method(@_);
925 if ($self->using_freetds) {
926 $self->_dbh->do('ROLLBACK');
928 return $self->next::method(@_);
931 # savepoint support using ASE syntax
934 my ($self, $name) = @_;
936 $self->_get_dbh->do("SAVE TRANSACTION $name");
939 # A new SAVE TRANSACTION with the same name releases the previous one.
940 sub _svp_release { 1 }
943 my ($self, $name) = @_;
945 $self->_get_dbh->do("ROLLBACK TRANSACTION $name");
950 =head1 Schema::Loader Support
952 As of version C<0.05000>, L<DBIx::Class::Schema::Loader> should work well with
953 most (if not all) versions of Sybase ASE.
957 This driver supports L<DBD::Sybase> compiled against FreeTDS
958 (L<http://www.freetds.org/>) to the best of our ability, however it is
959 recommended that you recompile L<DBD::Sybase> against the Sybase Open Client
960 libraries. They are a part of the Sybase ASE distribution:
962 The Open Client FAQ is here:
963 L<http://www.isug.com/Sybase_FAQ/ASE/section7.html>.
965 Sybase ASE for Linux (which comes with the Open Client libraries) may be
966 downloaded here: L<http://response.sybase.com/forms/ASE_Linux_Download>.
968 To see if you're using FreeTDS check C<< $schema->storage->using_freetds >>, or run:
970 perl -MDBI -le 'my $dbh = DBI->connect($dsn, $user, $pass); print $dbh->{syb_oc_version}'
972 Some versions of the libraries involved will not support placeholders, in which
973 case the storage will be reblessed to
974 L<DBIx::Class::Storage::DBI::Sybase::ASE::NoBindVars>.
976 In some configurations, placeholders will work but will throw implicit type
977 conversion errors for anything that's not expecting a string. In such a case,
978 the C<auto_cast> option from L<DBIx::Class::Storage::DBI::AutoCast> is
979 automatically set, which you may enable on connection with
980 L<DBIx::Class::Storage::DBI::AutoCast/connect_call_set_auto_cast>. The type info
981 for the C<CAST>s is taken from the L<DBIx::Class::ResultSource/data_type>
982 definitions in your Result classes, and are mapped to a Sybase type (if it isn't
983 already) using a mapping based on L<SQL::Translator>.
985 In other configurations, placeholders will work just as they do with the Sybase
986 Open Client libraries.
988 Inserts or updates of TEXT/IMAGE columns will B<NOT> work with FreeTDS.
990 =head1 INSERTS WITH PLACEHOLDERS
992 With placeholders enabled, inserts are done in a transaction so that there are
993 no concurrency issues with getting the inserted identity value using
994 C<SELECT MAX(col)>, which is the only way to get the C<IDENTITY> value in this
997 In addition, they are done on a separate connection so that it's possible to
998 have active cursors when doing an insert.
1000 When using C<DBIx::Class::Storage::DBI::Sybase::ASE::NoBindVars> transactions
1001 are disabled, as there are no concurrency issues with C<SELECT @@IDENTITY> as
1002 it's a session variable.
1006 Due to limitations of the TDS protocol, L<DBD::Sybase>, or both, you cannot
1007 begin a transaction while there are active cursors, nor can you use multiple
1008 active cursors within a transaction. An active cursor is, for example, a
1009 L<ResultSet|DBIx::Class::ResultSet> that has been executed using C<next> or
1010 C<first> but has not been exhausted or L<reset|DBIx::Class::ResultSet/reset>.
1012 For example, this will not work:
1014 $schema->txn_do(sub {
1015 my $rs = $schema->resultset('Book');
1016 while (my $row = $rs->next) {
1017 $schema->resultset('MetaData')->create({
1018 book_id => $row->id,
1026 my $first_row = $large_rs->first;
1027 $schema->txn_do(sub { ... });
1029 Transactions done for inserts in C<AutoCommit> mode when placeholders are in use
1030 are not affected, as they are done on an extra database handle.
1036 =item * use L<DBIx::Class::Storage::DBI::Replicated>
1038 =item * L<connect|DBIx::Class::Schema/connect> another L<Schema|DBIx::Class::Schema>
1040 =item * load the data from your cursor with L<DBIx::Class::ResultSet/all>
1044 =head1 MAXIMUM CONNECTIONS
1046 The TDS protocol makes separate connections to the server for active statements
1047 in the background. By default the number of such connections is limited to 25,
1048 on both the client side and the server side.
1050 This is a bit too low for a complex L<DBIx::Class> application, so on connection
1051 the client side setting is set to C<256> (see L<DBD::Sybase/maxConnect>.) You
1052 can override it to whatever setting you like in the DSN.
1055 L<http://infocenter.sybase.com/help/index.jsp?topic=/com.sybase.help.ase_15.0.sag1/html/sag1/sag1272.htm>
1056 for information on changing the setting on the server side.
1060 See L</connect_call_datetime_setup> to setup date formats
1061 for L<DBIx::Class::InflateColumn::DateTime>.
1063 =head1 TEXT/IMAGE COLUMNS
1065 L<DBD::Sybase> compiled with FreeTDS will B<NOT> allow you to insert or update
1066 C<TEXT/IMAGE> columns.
1068 Setting C<< $dbh->{LongReadLen} >> will also not work with FreeTDS use either:
1070 $schema->storage->dbh->do("SET TEXTSIZE $bytes");
1074 $schema->storage->set_textsize($bytes);
1078 However, the C<LongReadLen> you pass in
1079 L<connect_info|DBIx::Class::Storage::DBI/connect_info> is used to execute the
1080 equivalent C<SET TEXTSIZE> command on connection.
1082 See L</connect_call_blob_setup> for a
1083 L<connect_info|DBIx::Class::Storage::DBI/connect_info> setting you need to work
1084 with C<IMAGE> columns.
1088 The experimental L<DBD::Sybase> Bulk API support is used for
1089 L<populate|DBIx::Class::ResultSet/populate> in B<void> context, in a transaction
1090 on a separate connection.
1092 To use this feature effectively, use a large number of rows for each
1093 L<populate|DBIx::Class::ResultSet/populate> call, eg.:
1095 while (my $rows = $data_source->get_100_rows()) {
1096 $rs->populate($rows);
1099 B<NOTE:> the L<add_columns|DBIx::Class::ResultSource/add_columns>
1100 calls in your C<Result> classes B<must> list columns in database order for this
1101 to work. Also, you may have to unset the C<LANG> environment variable before
1102 loading your app, if it doesn't match the character set of your database.
1104 When inserting IMAGE columns using this method, you'll need to use
1105 L</connect_call_blob_setup> as well.
1107 =head1 COMPUTED COLUMNS
1109 If you have columns such as:
1111 created_dtm AS getdate()
1113 represent them in your Result classes as:
1117 default_value => \'getdate()',
1121 The C<data_type> must exist and must be C<undef>. Then empty inserts will work
1122 on tables with such columns.
1124 =head1 TIMESTAMP COLUMNS
1126 C<timestamp> columns in Sybase ASE are not really timestamps, see:
1127 L<http://dba.fyicenter.com/Interview-Questions/SYBASE/The_timestamp_datatype_in_Sybase_.html>.
1129 They should be defined in your Result classes as:
1132 data_type => 'timestamp',
1134 inflate_datetime => 0,
1137 The C<<inflate_datetime => 0>> is necessary if you use
1138 L<DBIx::Class::InflateColumn::DateTime>, and most people do, and still want to
1139 be able to read these values.
1141 The values will come back as hexadecimal.
1149 Transitions to AutoCommit=0 (starting a transaction) mode by exhausting
1150 any active cursors, using eager cursors.
1154 Real limits and limited counts using stored procedures deployed on startup.
1158 Adaptive Server Anywhere (ASA) support
1162 Blob update with a LIKE query on a blob, without invalidating the WHERE condition.
1166 bulk_insert using prepare_cached (see comments.)
1172 See L<DBIx::Class/CONTRIBUTORS>.
1176 You may distribute this code under the same terms as Perl itself.