1 package DBIx::Class::Storage::DBI::Sybase::ASE;
7 DBIx::Class::Storage::DBI::Sybase
8 DBIx::Class::Storage::DBI::AutoCast
11 use Carp::Clan qw/^DBIx::Class/;
12 use Scalar::Util 'blessed';
13 use List::Util 'first';
15 use Data::Dumper::Concise 'Dumper';
19 __PACKAGE__->sql_limit_dialect ('RowCountOrGenericSubQ');
20 __PACKAGE__->sql_quote_char ([qw/[ ]/]);
21 __PACKAGE__->datetime_parser_type('DateTime::Format::Sybase');
23 __PACKAGE__->mk_group_accessors('simple' =>
24 qw/_identity _blob_log_on_update _writer_storage _is_extra_storage
25 _bulk_storage _is_bulk_storage _began_bulk_work
26 _bulk_disabled_due_to_coderef_connect_info_warned
30 my @also_proxy_to_extra_storages = qw/
31 connect_call_set_auto_cast auto_cast connect_call_blob_setup
32 connect_call_datetime_setup
34 disconnect _connect_info _sql_maker _sql_maker_opts disable_sth_caching
35 auto_savepoint unsafe cursor_class debug debugobj schema
40 DBIx::Class::Storage::DBI::Sybase::ASE - Sybase ASE SQL Server support for
45 This subclass supports L<DBD::Sybase> for real (non-Microsoft) Sybase databases.
49 If your version of Sybase does not support placeholders, then your storage will
50 be reblessed to L<DBIx::Class::Storage::DBI::Sybase::ASE::NoBindVars>.
51 You can also enable that driver explicitly, see the documentation for more
54 With this driver there is unfortunately no way to get the C<last_insert_id>
55 without doing a C<SELECT MAX(col)>. This is done safely in a transaction
56 (locking the table.) See L</INSERTS WITH PLACEHOLDERS>.
58 A recommended L<connect_info|DBIx::Class::Storage::DBI/connect_info> setting:
60 on_connect_call => [['datetime_setup'], ['blob_setup', log_on_update => 0]]
69 my $no_bind_vars = __PACKAGE__ . '::NoBindVars';
71 if ($self->using_freetds) {
72 carp <<'EOF' unless $ENV{DBIC_SYBASE_FREETDS_NOWARN};
74 You are using FreeTDS with Sybase.
76 We will do our best to support this configuration, but please consider this
79 TEXT/IMAGE columns will definitely not work.
81 You are encouraged to recompile DBD::Sybase with the Sybase Open Client libraries
84 See perldoc DBIx::Class::Storage::DBI::Sybase::ASE for more details.
86 To turn off this warning set the DBIC_SYBASE_FREETDS_NOWARN environment
90 if (not $self->_use_typeless_placeholders) {
91 if ($self->_use_placeholders) {
95 $self->ensure_class_loaded($no_bind_vars);
96 bless $self, $no_bind_vars;
102 elsif (not $self->_get_dbh->{syb_dynamic_supported}) {
103 # not necessarily FreeTDS, but no placeholders nevertheless
104 $self->ensure_class_loaded($no_bind_vars);
105 bless $self, $no_bind_vars;
108 # this is highly unlikely, but we check just in case
109 elsif (not $self->_use_typeless_placeholders) {
116 $self->_set_max_connect(256);
118 # create storage for insert/(update blob) transactions,
119 # unless this is that storage
120 return if $self->_is_extra_storage;
122 my $writer_storage = (ref $self)->new;
124 $writer_storage->_is_extra_storage(1);
125 $writer_storage->connect_info($self->connect_info);
126 $writer_storage->auto_cast($self->auto_cast);
128 $self->_writer_storage($writer_storage);
130 # create a bulk storage unless connect_info is a coderef
131 return if ref($self->_dbi_connect_info->[0]) eq 'CODE';
133 my $bulk_storage = (ref $self)->new;
135 $bulk_storage->_is_extra_storage(1);
136 $bulk_storage->_is_bulk_storage(1); # for special ->disconnect acrobatics
137 $bulk_storage->connect_info($self->connect_info);
140 $bulk_storage->_dbi_connect_info->[0] .= ';bulkLogin=1';
142 $self->_bulk_storage($bulk_storage);
145 for my $method (@also_proxy_to_extra_storages) {
147 no warnings 'redefine';
149 my $replaced = __PACKAGE__->can($method);
151 *{$method} = Sub::Name::subname $method => sub {
153 $self->_writer_storage->$replaced(@_) if $self->_writer_storage;
154 $self->_bulk_storage->$replaced(@_) if $self->_bulk_storage;
155 return $self->$replaced(@_);
162 # Even though we call $sth->finish for uses off the bulk API, there's still an
163 # "active statement" warning on disconnect, which we throw away here.
164 # This is due to the bug described in insert_bulk.
165 # Currently a noop because 'prepare' is used instead of 'prepare_cached'.
166 local $SIG{__WARN__} = sub {
167 warn $_[0] unless $_[0] =~ /active statement/i;
168 } if $self->_is_bulk_storage;
170 # so that next transaction gets a dbh
171 $self->_began_bulk_work(0) if $self->_is_bulk_storage;
176 # Set up session settings for Sybase databases for the connection.
178 # Make sure we have CHAINED mode turned on if AutoCommit is off in non-FreeTDS
179 # DBD::Sybase (since we don't know how DBD::Sybase was compiled.) If however
180 # we're using FreeTDS, CHAINED mode turns on an implicit transaction which we
181 # only want when AutoCommit is off.
183 # Also SET TEXTSIZE for FreeTDS because LongReadLen doesn't work.
184 sub _run_connection_actions {
187 if ($self->_is_bulk_storage) {
188 # this should be cleared on every reconnect
189 $self->_began_bulk_work(0);
193 if (not $self->using_freetds) {
194 $self->_dbh->{syb_chained_txn} = 1;
196 # based on LongReadLen in connect_info
199 if ($self->_dbh_autocommit) {
200 $self->_dbh->do('SET CHAINED OFF');
202 $self->_dbh->do('SET CHAINED ON');
206 $self->next::method(@_);
209 =head2 connect_call_blob_setup
213 on_connect_call => [ [ 'blob_setup', log_on_update => 0 ] ]
215 Does C<< $dbh->{syb_binary_images} = 1; >> to return C<IMAGE> data as raw binary
216 instead of as a hex string.
220 Also sets the C<log_on_update> value for blob write operations. The default is
221 C<1>, but C<0> is better if your database is configured for it.
224 L<DBD::Sybase/Handling_IMAGE/TEXT_data_with_syb_ct_get_data()/syb_ct_send_data()>.
228 sub connect_call_blob_setup {
231 my $dbh = $self->_dbh;
232 $dbh->{syb_binary_images} = 1;
234 $self->_blob_log_on_update($args{log_on_update})
235 if exists $args{log_on_update};
239 my ($self, $source, $column) = @_;
241 return $self->_is_lob_type($source->column_info($column)->{data_type});
244 sub _prep_for_execute {
246 my ($op, $extra_bind, $ident, $args) = @_;
248 my ($sql, $bind) = $self->next::method (@_);
250 my $table = blessed $ident ? $ident->from : $ident;
252 my $bind_info = $self->_resolve_column_info(
253 $ident, [map $_->[0], @{$bind}]
255 my $bound_identity_col =
256 first { $bind_info->{$_}{is_auto_increment} }
260 my $columns_info = blessed $ident && $ident->columns_info;
264 first { $columns_info->{$_}{is_auto_increment} }
268 if (($op eq 'insert' && $bound_identity_col) ||
269 ($op eq 'update' && exists $args->[0]{$identity_col})) {
271 $self->_set_table_identity_sql($op => $table, 'on'),
273 $self->_set_table_identity_sql($op => $table, 'off'),
277 if ($op eq 'insert' && (not $bound_identity_col) && $identity_col &&
278 (not $self->{insert_bulk})) {
281 $self->_fetch_identity_sql($ident, $identity_col);
284 return ($sql, $bind);
287 sub _set_table_identity_sql {
288 my ($self, $op, $table, $on_off) = @_;
290 return sprintf 'SET IDENTITY_%s %s %s',
291 uc($op), $self->sql_maker->_quote($table), uc($on_off);
294 # Stolen from SQLT, with some modifications. This is a makeshift
295 # solution before a sane type-mapping library is available, thus
296 # the 'our' for easy overrides.
297 our %TYPE_MAPPING = (
300 varchar => 'varchar',
301 varchar2 => 'varchar',
302 timestamp => 'datetime',
304 real => 'double precision',
307 tinyint => 'smallint',
308 float => 'double precision',
310 bigserial => 'numeric',
311 boolean => 'varchar',
315 sub _native_data_type {
316 my ($self, $type) = @_;
319 $type =~ s/\s* identity//x;
321 return uc($TYPE_MAPPING{$type} || $type);
324 sub _fetch_identity_sql {
325 my ($self, $source, $col) = @_;
327 return sprintf ("SELECT MAX(%s) FROM %s",
328 map { $self->sql_maker->_quote ($_) } ($col, $source->from)
336 my ($rv, $sth, @bind) = $self->dbh_do($self->can('_dbh_execute'), @_);
338 if ($op eq 'insert') {
339 $self->_identity($sth->fetchrow_array);
343 return wantarray ? ($rv, $sth, @bind) : $rv;
346 sub last_insert_id { shift->_identity }
348 # handles TEXT/IMAGE and transaction for last_insert_id
351 my ($source, $to_insert) = @_;
353 my $columns_info = $source->columns_info;
356 (first { $columns_info->{$_}{is_auto_increment} }
357 keys %$columns_info )
360 # check for empty insert
361 # INSERT INTO foo DEFAULT VALUES -- does not work with Sybase
362 # try to insert explicit 'DEFAULT's instead (except for identity, timestamp
363 # and computed columns)
364 if (not %$to_insert) {
365 for my $col ($source->columns) {
366 next if $col eq $identity_col;
368 my $info = $source->column_info($col);
370 next if ref $info->{default_value} eq 'SCALAR'
371 || (exists $info->{data_type} && (not defined $info->{data_type}));
373 next if $info->{data_type} && $info->{data_type} =~ /^timestamp\z/i;
375 $to_insert->{$col} = \'DEFAULT';
379 my $blob_cols = $self->_remove_blob_cols($source, $to_insert);
381 # do we need the horrific SELECT MAX(COL) hack?
382 my $dumb_last_insert_id =
384 && (not exists $to_insert->{$identity_col})
385 && ($self->_identity_method||'') ne '@@IDENTITY';
387 my $next = $self->next::can;
389 # we are already in a transaction, or there are no blobs
390 # and we don't need the PK - just (try to) do it
391 if ($self->{transaction_depth}
392 || (!$blob_cols && !$dumb_last_insert_id)
394 return $self->_insert (
395 $next, $source, $to_insert, $blob_cols, $identity_col
399 # otherwise use the _writer_storage to do the insert+transaction on another
401 my $guard = $self->_writer_storage->txn_scope_guard;
403 my $updated_cols = $self->_writer_storage->_insert (
404 $next, $source, $to_insert, $blob_cols, $identity_col
407 $self->_identity($self->_writer_storage->_identity);
411 return $updated_cols;
415 my ($self, $next, $source, $to_insert, $blob_cols, $identity_col) = @_;
417 my $updated_cols = $self->$next ($source, $to_insert);
421 ($identity_col => $self->last_insert_id($source, $identity_col)) : ()),
426 $self->_insert_blobs ($source, $blob_cols, $final_row) if $blob_cols;
428 return $updated_cols;
433 my ($source, $fields, $where, @rest) = @_;
435 my $blob_cols = $self->_remove_blob_cols($source, $fields);
437 my $table = $source->name;
439 my $columns_info = $source->columns_info;
442 first { $columns_info->{$_}{is_auto_increment} }
445 my $is_identity_update = $identity_col && defined $fields->{$identity_col};
447 return $self->next::method(@_) unless $blob_cols;
449 # If there are any blobs in $where, Sybase will return a descriptive error
451 # XXX blobs can still be used with a LIKE query, and this should be handled.
453 # update+blob update(s) done atomically on separate connection
454 $self = $self->_writer_storage;
456 my $guard = $self->txn_scope_guard;
458 # First update the blob columns to be updated to '' (taken from $fields, where
459 # it is originally put by _remove_blob_cols .)
460 my %blobs_to_empty = map { ($_ => delete $fields->{$_}) } keys %$blob_cols;
462 # We can't only update NULL blobs, because blobs cannot be in the WHERE clause.
464 $self->next::method($source, \%blobs_to_empty, $where, @rest);
466 # Now update the blobs before the other columns in case the update of other
467 # columns makes the search condition invalid.
468 $self->_update_blobs($source, $blob_cols, $where);
473 @res = $self->next::method(@_);
475 elsif (defined wantarray) {
476 $res[0] = $self->next::method(@_);
479 $self->next::method(@_);
485 return wantarray ? @res : $res[0];
490 my ($source, $cols, $data) = @_;
492 my $columns_info = $source->columns_info;
495 first { $columns_info->{$_}{is_auto_increment} }
498 my $is_identity_insert = (first { $_ eq $identity_col } @{$cols}) ? 1 : 0;
500 my @source_columns = $source->columns;
503 $self->_bulk_storage &&
504 $self->_get_dbh->{syb_has_blk};
506 if ((not $use_bulk_api)
508 (ref($self->_dbi_connect_info->[0]) eq 'CODE')
510 (not $self->_bulk_disabled_due_to_coderef_connect_info_warned)) {
512 Bulk API support disabled due to use of a CODEREF connect_info. Reverting to
513 regular array inserts.
515 $self->_bulk_disabled_due_to_coderef_connect_info_warned(1);
518 if (not $use_bulk_api) {
519 my $blob_cols = $self->_remove_blob_cols_array($source, $cols, $data);
521 # _execute_array uses a txn anyway, but it ends too early in case we need to
522 # select max(col) to get the identity for inserting blobs.
523 ($self, my $guard) = $self->{transaction_depth} == 0 ?
524 ($self->_writer_storage, $self->_writer_storage->txn_scope_guard)
528 local $self->{insert_bulk} = 1;
530 $self->next::method(@_);
533 if ($is_identity_insert) {
534 $self->_insert_blobs_array ($source, $blob_cols, $cols, $data);
537 my @cols_with_identities = (@$cols, $identity_col);
539 ## calculate identities
540 # XXX This assumes identities always increase by 1, which may or may not
542 my ($last_identity) =
543 $self->_dbh->selectrow_array (
544 $self->_fetch_identity_sql($source, $identity_col)
546 my @identities = (($last_identity - @$data + 1) .. $last_identity);
548 my @data_with_identities = map [@$_, shift @identities], @$data;
550 $self->_insert_blobs_array (
551 $source, $blob_cols, \@cols_with_identities, \@data_with_identities
556 $guard->commit if $guard;
561 # otherwise, use the bulk API
563 # rearrange @$data so that columns are in database order
565 @orig_idx{@$cols} = 0..$#$cols;
568 @new_idx{@source_columns} = 0..$#source_columns;
571 for my $datum (@$data) {
573 for my $col (@source_columns) {
574 # identity data will be 'undef' if not $is_identity_insert
575 # columns with defaults will also be 'undef'
576 $new_datum->[ $new_idx{$col} ] =
577 exists $orig_idx{$col} ? $datum->[ $orig_idx{$col} ] : undef;
579 push @new_data, $new_datum;
582 # bcp identity index is 1-based
583 my $identity_idx = exists $new_idx{$identity_col} ?
584 $new_idx{$identity_col} + 1 : 0;
586 ## Set a client-side conversion error handler, straight from DBD::Sybase docs.
587 # This ignores any data conversion errors detected by the client side libs, as
588 # they are usually harmless.
589 my $orig_cslib_cb = DBD::Sybase::set_cslib_cb(
590 Sub::Name::subname insert_bulk => sub {
591 my ($layer, $origin, $severity, $errno, $errmsg, $osmsg, $blkmsg) = @_;
593 return 1 if $errno == 36;
596 "Layer: $layer, Origin: $origin, Severity: $severity, Error: $errno" .
597 ($errmsg ? "\n$errmsg" : '') .
598 ($osmsg ? "\n$osmsg" : '') .
599 ($blkmsg ? "\n$blkmsg" : '');
606 my $bulk = $self->_bulk_storage;
608 my $guard = $bulk->txn_scope_guard;
610 ## XXX get this to work instead of our own $sth
611 ## will require SQLA or *Hacks changes for ordered columns
612 # $bulk->next::method($source, \@source_columns, \@new_data, {
613 # syb_bcp_attribs => {
614 # identity_flag => $is_identity_insert,
615 # identity_column => $identity_idx,
618 my $sql = 'INSERT INTO ' .
619 $bulk->sql_maker->_quote($source->name) . ' (' .
620 # colname list is ignored for BCP, but does no harm
621 (join ', ', map $bulk->sql_maker->_quote($_), @source_columns) . ') '.
622 ' VALUES ('. (join ', ', ('?') x @source_columns) . ')';
624 ## XXX there's a bug in the DBD::Sybase bulk support that makes $sth->finish for
625 ## a prepare_cached statement ineffective. Replace with ->sth when fixed, or
626 ## better yet the version above. Should be fixed in DBD::Sybase .
627 my $sth = $bulk->_get_dbh->prepare($sql,
631 identity_flag => $is_identity_insert,
632 identity_column => $identity_idx,
639 map [ $_, $idx++ ], @source_columns;
642 $self->_execute_array(
643 $source, $sth, \@bind, \@source_columns, \@new_data, sub {
648 $bulk->_query_end($sql);
653 DBD::Sybase::set_cslib_cb($orig_cslib_cb);
655 if ($exception =~ /-Y option/) {
656 my $w = 'Sybase bulk API operation failed due to character set incompatibility, '
657 . 'reverting to regular array inserts. Try unsetting the LANG environment variable'
659 $w .= "\n$exception" if $self->debug;
662 $self->_bulk_storage(undef);
667 # rollback makes the bulkLogin connection unusable
668 $self->_bulk_storage->disconnect;
669 $self->throw_exception($exception);
673 sub _dbh_execute_array {
674 my ($self, $sth, $tuple_status, $cb) = @_;
676 my $rv = $self->next::method($sth, $tuple_status);
682 # Make sure blobs are not bound as placeholders, and return any non-empty ones
684 sub _remove_blob_cols {
685 my ($self, $source, $fields) = @_;
689 for my $col (keys %$fields) {
690 if ($self->_is_lob_column($source, $col)) {
691 my $blob_val = delete $fields->{$col};
692 if (not defined $blob_val) {
693 $fields->{$col} = \'NULL';
696 $fields->{$col} = \"''";
697 $blob_cols{$col} = $blob_val unless $blob_val eq '';
702 return %blob_cols ? \%blob_cols : undef;
705 # same for insert_bulk
706 sub _remove_blob_cols_array {
707 my ($self, $source, $cols, $data) = @_;
711 for my $i (0..$#$cols) {
712 my $col = $cols->[$i];
714 if ($self->_is_lob_column($source, $col)) {
715 for my $j (0..$#$data) {
716 my $blob_val = delete $data->[$j][$i];
717 if (not defined $blob_val) {
718 $data->[$j][$i] = \'NULL';
721 $data->[$j][$i] = \"''";
722 $blob_cols[$j][$i] = $blob_val
723 unless $blob_val eq '';
729 return @blob_cols ? \@blob_cols : undef;
733 my ($self, $source, $blob_cols, $where) = @_;
735 my @primary_cols = try
736 { $source->_pri_cols }
738 $self->throw_exception("Cannot update TEXT/IMAGE column(s): $_")
741 # check if we're updating a single row by PK
742 my $pk_cols_in_where = 0;
743 for my $col (@primary_cols) {
744 $pk_cols_in_where++ if defined $where->{$col};
748 if ($pk_cols_in_where == @primary_cols) {
750 @row_to_update{@primary_cols} = @{$where}{@primary_cols};
751 @rows = \%row_to_update;
753 my $cursor = $self->select ($source, \@primary_cols, $where, {});
755 my %row; @row{@primary_cols} = @$_; \%row
759 for my $row (@rows) {
760 $self->_insert_blobs($source, $blob_cols, $row);
765 my ($self, $source, $blob_cols, $row) = @_;
766 my $dbh = $self->_get_dbh;
768 my $table = $source->name;
771 my @primary_cols = try
772 { $source->_pri_cols }
774 $self->throw_exception("Cannot update TEXT/IMAGE column(s): $_")
777 $self->throw_exception('Cannot update TEXT/IMAGE column(s) without primary key values')
778 if ((grep { defined $row{$_} } @primary_cols) != @primary_cols);
780 for my $col (keys %$blob_cols) {
781 my $blob = $blob_cols->{$col};
783 my %where = map { ($_, $row{$_}) } @primary_cols;
785 my $cursor = $self->select ($source, [$col], \%where, {});
787 my $sth = $cursor->sth;
790 $self->throw_exception(
791 "Could not find row in table '$table' for blob update:\n"
798 $sth->func('CS_GET', 1, 'ct_data_info') or die $sth->errstr;
801 $sth->func('ct_prepare_send') or die $sth->errstr;
803 my $log_on_update = $self->_blob_log_on_update;
804 $log_on_update = 1 if not defined $log_on_update;
806 $sth->func('CS_SET', 1, {
807 total_txtlen => length($blob),
808 log_on_update => $log_on_update
809 }, 'ct_data_info') or die $sth->errstr;
811 $sth->func($blob, length($blob), 'ct_send_data') or die $sth->errstr;
813 $sth->func('ct_finish_send') or die $sth->errstr;
816 if ($self->using_freetds) {
817 $self->throw_exception (
818 "TEXT/IMAGE operation failed, probably because you are using FreeTDS: $_"
822 $self->throw_exception($_);
826 $sth->finish if $sth;
831 sub _insert_blobs_array {
832 my ($self, $source, $blob_cols, $cols, $data) = @_;
834 for my $i (0..$#$data) {
835 my $datum = $data->[$i];
838 @row{ @$cols } = @$datum;
841 for my $j (0..$#$cols) {
842 if (exists $blob_cols->[$i][$j]) {
843 $blob_vals{ $cols->[$j] } = $blob_cols->[$i][$j];
847 $self->_insert_blobs ($source, \%blob_vals, \%row);
851 =head2 connect_call_datetime_setup
855 on_connect_call => 'datetime_setup'
857 In L<connect_info|DBIx::Class::Storage::DBI/connect_info> to set:
859 $dbh->syb_date_fmt('ISO_strict'); # output fmt: 2004-08-21T14:36:48.080Z
860 $dbh->do('set dateformat mdy'); # input fmt: 08/13/1979 18:08:55.080
862 On connection for use with L<DBIx::Class::InflateColumn::DateTime>, using
863 L<DateTime::Format::Sybase>, which you will need to install.
865 This works for both C<DATETIME> and C<SMALLDATETIME> columns, although
866 C<SMALLDATETIME> columns only have minute precision.
871 my $old_dbd_warned = 0;
873 sub connect_call_datetime_setup {
875 my $dbh = $self->_get_dbh;
877 if ($dbh->can('syb_date_fmt')) {
878 # amazingly, this works with FreeTDS
879 $dbh->syb_date_fmt('ISO_strict');
880 } elsif (not $old_dbd_warned) {
881 carp "Your DBD::Sybase is too old to support ".
882 "DBIx::Class::InflateColumn::DateTime, please upgrade!";
886 $dbh->do('SET DATEFORMAT mdy');
893 # ->begin_work and such have no effect with FreeTDS but we run them anyway to
894 # let the DBD keep any state it needs to.
896 # If they ever do start working, the extra statements will do no harm (because
897 # Sybase supports nested transactions.)
899 sub _dbh_begin_work {
902 # bulkLogin=1 connections are always in a transaction, and can only call BEGIN
903 # TRAN once. However, we need to make sure there's a $dbh.
904 return if $self->_is_bulk_storage && $self->_dbh && $self->_began_bulk_work;
906 $self->next::method(@_);
908 if ($self->using_freetds) {
909 $self->_get_dbh->do('BEGIN TRAN');
912 $self->_began_bulk_work(1) if $self->_is_bulk_storage;
917 if ($self->using_freetds) {
918 $self->_dbh->do('COMMIT');
920 return $self->next::method(@_);
925 if ($self->using_freetds) {
926 $self->_dbh->do('ROLLBACK');
928 return $self->next::method(@_);
931 # savepoint support using ASE syntax
934 my ($self, $name) = @_;
936 $self->_get_dbh->do("SAVE TRANSACTION $name");
939 # A new SAVE TRANSACTION with the same name releases the previous one.
940 sub _svp_release { 1 }
943 my ($self, $name) = @_;
945 $self->_get_dbh->do("ROLLBACK TRANSACTION $name");
950 =head1 Schema::Loader Support
952 As of version C<0.05000>, L<DBIx::Class::Schema::Loader> should work well with
953 most (if not all) versions of Sybase ASE.
957 This driver supports L<DBD::Sybase> compiled against FreeTDS
958 (L<http://www.freetds.org/>) to the best of our ability, however it is
959 recommended that you recompile L<DBD::Sybase> against the Sybase Open Client
960 libraries. They are a part of the Sybase ASE distribution:
962 The Open Client FAQ is here:
963 L<http://www.isug.com/Sybase_FAQ/ASE/section7.html>.
965 Sybase ASE for Linux (which comes with the Open Client libraries) may be
966 downloaded here: L<http://response.sybase.com/forms/ASE_Linux_Download>.
968 To see if you're using FreeTDS check C<< $schema->storage->using_freetds >>, or run:
970 perl -MDBI -le 'my $dbh = DBI->connect($dsn, $user, $pass); print $dbh->{syb_oc_version}'
972 Some versions of the libraries involved will not support placeholders, in which
973 case the storage will be reblessed to
974 L<DBIx::Class::Storage::DBI::Sybase::ASE::NoBindVars>.
976 In some configurations, placeholders will work but will throw implicit type
977 conversion errors for anything that's not expecting a string. In such a case,
978 the C<auto_cast> option from L<DBIx::Class::Storage::DBI::AutoCast> is
979 automatically set, which you may enable on connection with
980 L<DBIx::Class::Storage::DBI::AutoCast/connect_call_set_auto_cast>. The type info
981 for the C<CAST>s is taken from the L<DBIx::Class::ResultSource/data_type>
982 definitions in your Result classes, and are mapped to a Sybase type (if it isn't
983 already) using a mapping based on L<SQL::Translator>.
985 In other configurations, placeholders will work just as they do with the Sybase
986 Open Client libraries.
988 Inserts or updates of TEXT/IMAGE columns will B<NOT> work with FreeTDS.
990 =head1 INSERTS WITH PLACEHOLDERS
992 With placeholders enabled, inserts are done in a transaction so that there are
993 no concurrency issues with getting the inserted identity value using
994 C<SELECT MAX(col)>, which is the only way to get the C<IDENTITY> value in this
997 In addition, they are done on a separate connection so that it's possible to
998 have active cursors when doing an insert.
1000 When using C<DBIx::Class::Storage::DBI::Sybase::ASE::NoBindVars> transactions
1001 are disabled, as there are no concurrency issues with C<SELECT @@IDENTITY> as
1002 it's a session variable.
1006 Due to limitations of the TDS protocol, L<DBD::Sybase>, or both, you cannot
1007 begin a transaction while there are active cursors, nor can you use multiple
1008 active cursors within a transaction. An active cursor is, for example, a
1009 L<ResultSet|DBIx::Class::ResultSet> that has been executed using C<next> or
1010 C<first> but has not been exhausted or L<reset|DBIx::Class::ResultSet/reset>.
1012 For example, this will not work:
1014 $schema->txn_do(sub {
1015 my $rs = $schema->resultset('Book');
1016 while (my $row = $rs->next) {
1017 $schema->resultset('MetaData')->create({
1018 book_id => $row->id,
1026 my $first_row = $large_rs->first;
1027 $schema->txn_do(sub { ... });
1029 Transactions done for inserts in C<AutoCommit> mode when placeholders are in use
1030 are not affected, as they are done on an extra database handle.
1036 =item * use L<DBIx::Class::Storage::DBI::Replicated>
1038 =item * L<connect|DBIx::Class::Schema/connect> another L<Schema|DBIx::Class::Schema>
1040 =item * load the data from your cursor with L<DBIx::Class::ResultSet/all>
1044 =head1 MAXIMUM CONNECTIONS
1046 The TDS protocol makes separate connections to the server for active statements
1047 in the background. By default the number of such connections is limited to 25,
1048 on both the client side and the server side.
1050 This is a bit too low for a complex L<DBIx::Class> application, so on connection
1051 the client side setting is set to C<256> (see L<DBD::Sybase/maxConnect>.) You
1052 can override it to whatever setting you like in the DSN.
1055 L<http://infocenter.sybase.com/help/index.jsp?topic=/com.sybase.help.ase_15.0.sag1/html/sag1/sag1272.htm>
1056 for information on changing the setting on the server side.
1060 See L</connect_call_datetime_setup> to setup date formats
1061 for L<DBIx::Class::InflateColumn::DateTime>.
1063 =head1 TEXT/IMAGE COLUMNS
1065 L<DBD::Sybase> compiled with FreeTDS will B<NOT> allow you to insert or update
1066 C<TEXT/IMAGE> columns.
1068 Setting C<< $dbh->{LongReadLen} >> will also not work with FreeTDS use either:
1070 $schema->storage->dbh->do("SET TEXTSIZE $bytes");
1074 $schema->storage->set_textsize($bytes);
1078 However, the C<LongReadLen> you pass in
1079 L<connect_info|DBIx::Class::Storage::DBI/connect_info> is used to execute the
1080 equivalent C<SET TEXTSIZE> command on connection.
1082 See L</connect_call_blob_setup> for a
1083 L<connect_info|DBIx::Class::Storage::DBI/connect_info> setting you need to work
1084 with C<IMAGE> columns.
1088 The experimental L<DBD::Sybase> Bulk API support is used for
1089 L<populate|DBIx::Class::ResultSet/populate> in B<void> context, in a transaction
1090 on a separate connection.
1092 To use this feature effectively, use a large number of rows for each
1093 L<populate|DBIx::Class::ResultSet/populate> call, eg.:
1095 while (my $rows = $data_source->get_100_rows()) {
1096 $rs->populate($rows);
1099 B<NOTE:> the L<add_columns|DBIx::Class::ResultSource/add_columns>
1100 calls in your C<Result> classes B<must> list columns in database order for this
1101 to work. Also, you may have to unset the C<LANG> environment variable before
1102 loading your app, if it doesn't match the character set of your database.
1104 When inserting IMAGE columns using this method, you'll need to use
1105 L</connect_call_blob_setup> as well.
1107 =head1 COMPUTED COLUMNS
1109 If you have columns such as:
1111 created_dtm AS getdate()
1113 represent them in your Result classes as:
1117 default_value => \'getdate()',
1121 The C<data_type> must exist and must be C<undef>. Then empty inserts will work
1122 on tables with such columns.
1124 =head1 TIMESTAMP COLUMNS
1126 C<timestamp> columns in Sybase ASE are not really timestamps, see:
1127 L<http://dba.fyicenter.com/Interview-Questions/SYBASE/The_timestamp_datatype_in_Sybase_.html>.
1129 They should be defined in your Result classes as:
1132 data_type => 'timestamp',
1134 inflate_datetime => 0,
1137 The C<<inflate_datetime => 0>> is necessary if you use
1138 L<DBIx::Class::InflateColumn::DateTime>, and most people do, and still want to
1139 be able to read these values.
1141 The values will come back as hexadecimal.
1149 Transitions to AutoCommit=0 (starting a transaction) mode by exhausting
1150 any active cursors, using eager cursors.
1154 Real limits and limited counts using stored procedures deployed on startup.
1158 Adaptive Server Anywhere (ASA) support
1162 Blob update with a LIKE query on a blob, without invalidating the WHERE condition.
1166 bulk_insert using prepare_cached (see comments.)
1172 See L<DBIx::Class/AUTHOR> and L<DBIx::Class/CONTRIBUTORS>.
1176 You may distribute this code under the same terms as Perl itself.