1 package DBIx::Class::Schema;
6 use DBIx::Class::Exception;
7 use Carp::Clan qw/^DBIx::Class/;
8 use Scalar::Util qw/weaken/;
13 use base qw/DBIx::Class/;
15 __PACKAGE__->mk_classdata('class_mappings' => {});
16 __PACKAGE__->mk_classdata('source_registrations' => {});
17 __PACKAGE__->mk_classdata('storage_type' => '::DBI');
18 __PACKAGE__->mk_classdata('storage');
19 __PACKAGE__->mk_classdata('exception_action');
20 __PACKAGE__->mk_classdata('stacktrace' => $ENV{DBIC_TRACE} || 0);
21 __PACKAGE__->mk_classdata('default_resultset_attributes' => {});
25 DBIx::Class::Schema - composable schemas
29 package Library::Schema;
30 use base qw/DBIx::Class::Schema/;
32 # load all Result classes in Library/Schema/Result/
33 __PACKAGE__->load_namespaces();
35 package Library::Schema::Result::CD;
36 use base qw/DBIx::Class/;
37 __PACKAGE__->load_components(qw/Core/); # for example
38 __PACKAGE__->table('cd');
40 # Elsewhere in your code:
41 my $schema1 = Library::Schema->connect(
48 my $schema2 = Library::Schema->connect($coderef_returning_dbh);
50 # fetch objects using Library::Schema::Result::DVD
51 my $resultset = $schema1->resultset('DVD')->search( ... );
52 my @dvd_objects = $schema2->resultset('DVD')->search( ... );
56 Creates database classes based on a schema. This is the recommended way to
57 use L<DBIx::Class> and allows you to use more than one concurrent connection
60 NB: If you're used to L<Class::DBI> it's worth reading the L</SYNOPSIS>
61 carefully, as DBIx::Class does things a little differently. Note in
62 particular which module inherits off which.
66 =head2 load_namespaces
70 =item Arguments: %options?
74 __PACKAGE__->load_namespaces();
76 __PACKAGE__->load_namespaces(
77 result_namespace => 'Res',
78 resultset_namespace => 'RSet',
79 default_resultset_class => '+MyDB::Othernamespace::RSet',
82 With no arguments, this method uses L<Module::Find> to load all your
83 Result classes from a sub-namespace F<Result> under your Schema class'
84 namespace. Eg. With a Schema of I<MyDB::Schema> all files in
85 I<MyDB::Schema::Result> are assumed to be Result classes.
87 It also finds all ResultSet classes in the namespace F<ResultSet> and
88 loads them into the appropriate Result classes using for you. The
89 matching is done by assuming the package name of the ResultSet class
90 is the same as that of the Result class.
92 You will be warned if ResultSet classes are discovered for which there
93 are no matching Result classes like this:
95 load_namespaces found ResultSet class $classname with no corresponding Result class
97 If a Result class is found to already have a ResultSet class set using
98 L</resultset_class> to some other class, you will be warned like this:
100 We found ResultSet class '$rs_class' for '$result', but it seems
101 that you had already set '$result' to use '$rs_set' instead
103 Both of the sub-namespaces are configurable if you don't like the defaults,
104 via the options C<result_namespace> and C<resultset_namespace>.
106 If (and only if) you specify the option C<default_resultset_class>, any found
107 Result classes for which we do not find a corresponding
108 ResultSet class will have their C<resultset_class> set to
109 C<default_resultset_class>.
111 All of the namespace and classname options to this method are relative to
112 the schema classname by default. To specify a fully-qualified name, prefix
113 it with a literal C<+>.
117 # load My::Schema::Result::CD, My::Schema::Result::Artist,
118 # My::Schema::ResultSet::CD, etc...
119 My::Schema->load_namespaces;
121 # Override everything to use ugly names.
122 # In this example, if there is a My::Schema::Res::Foo, but no matching
123 # My::Schema::RSets::Foo, then Foo will have its
124 # resultset_class set to My::Schema::RSetBase
125 My::Schema->load_namespaces(
126 result_namespace => 'Res',
127 resultset_namespace => 'RSets',
128 default_resultset_class => 'RSetBase',
131 # Put things in other namespaces
132 My::Schema->load_namespaces(
133 result_namespace => '+Some::Place::Results',
134 resultset_namespace => '+Another::Place::RSets',
137 If you'd like to use multiple namespaces of each type, simply use an arrayref
138 of namespaces for that option. In the case that the same result
139 (or resultset) class exists in multiple namespaces, the latter entries in
140 your list of namespaces will override earlier ones.
142 My::Schema->load_namespaces(
143 # My::Schema::Results_C::Foo takes precedence over My::Schema::Results_B::Foo :
144 result_namespace => [ 'Results_A', 'Results_B', 'Results_C' ],
145 resultset_namespace => [ '+Some::Place::RSets', 'RSets' ],
150 # Pre-pends our classname to the given relative classname or
151 # class namespace, unless there is a '+' prefix, which will
153 sub _expand_relative_name {
154 my ($class, $name) = @_;
156 $name = $class . '::' . $name if ! ($name =~ s/^\+//);
160 # returns a hash of $shortname => $fullname for every package
161 # found in the given namespaces ($shortname is with the $fullname's
162 # namespace stripped off)
163 sub _map_namespaces {
164 my ($class, @namespaces) = @_;
167 foreach my $namespace (@namespaces) {
170 map { (substr($_, length "${namespace}::"), $_) }
171 Module::Find::findallmod($namespace)
178 sub load_namespaces {
179 my ($class, %args) = @_;
181 my $result_namespace = delete $args{result_namespace} || 'Result';
182 my $resultset_namespace = delete $args{resultset_namespace} || 'ResultSet';
183 my $default_resultset_class = delete $args{default_resultset_class};
185 $class->throw_exception('load_namespaces: unknown option(s): '
186 . join(q{,}, map { qq{'$_'} } keys %args))
187 if scalar keys %args;
189 $default_resultset_class
190 = $class->_expand_relative_name($default_resultset_class);
192 for my $arg ($result_namespace, $resultset_namespace) {
193 $arg = [ $arg ] if !ref($arg) && $arg;
195 $class->throw_exception('load_namespaces: namespace arguments must be '
196 . 'a simple string or an arrayref')
197 if ref($arg) ne 'ARRAY';
199 $_ = $class->_expand_relative_name($_) for (@$arg);
202 my %results = $class->_map_namespaces(@$result_namespace);
203 my %resultsets = $class->_map_namespaces(@$resultset_namespace);
207 no warnings 'redefine';
208 local *Class::C3::reinitialize = sub { };
209 use warnings 'redefine';
211 foreach my $result (keys %results) {
212 my $result_class = $results{$result};
213 $class->ensure_class_loaded($result_class);
215 my $rs_class = delete $resultsets{$result};
216 my $rs_set = $result_class->resultset_class;
217 if($rs_set && $rs_set ne 'DBIx::Class::ResultSet') {
218 if($rs_class && $rs_class ne $rs_set) {
219 warn "We found ResultSet class '$rs_class' for '$result', but it seems "
220 . "that you had already set '$result' to use '$rs_set' instead";
223 elsif($rs_class ||= $default_resultset_class) {
224 $class->ensure_class_loaded($rs_class);
225 $result_class->resultset_class($rs_class);
228 my $source_name = $result_class->source_name || $result;
230 push(@to_register, [ $source_name, $result_class ]);
234 foreach (sort keys %resultsets) {
235 warn "load_namespaces found ResultSet class $_ with no "
236 . 'corresponding Result class';
239 Class::C3->reinitialize;
240 $class->register_class(@$_) for (@to_register);
249 =item Arguments: @classes?, { $namespace => [ @classes ] }+
253 Alternative method to L</load_namespaces> which you should look at
256 With no arguments, this method uses L<Module::Find> to find all classes under
257 the schema's namespace. Otherwise, this method loads the classes you specify
258 (using L<use>), and registers them (using L</"register_class">).
260 It is possible to comment out classes with a leading C<#>, but note that perl
261 will think it's a mistake (trying to use a comment in a qw list), so you'll
262 need to add C<no warnings 'qw';> before your load_classes call.
264 If any classes found do not appear to be Result class files, you will
265 get the following warning:
267 Failed to load $comp_class. Can't find source_name method. Is
268 $comp_class really a full DBIC result class? Fix it, move it elsewhere,
269 or make your load_classes call more specific.
273 My::Schema->load_classes(); # loads My::Schema::CD, My::Schema::Artist,
274 # etc. (anything under the My::Schema namespace)
276 # loads My::Schema::CD, My::Schema::Artist, Other::Namespace::Producer but
277 # not Other::Namespace::LinerNotes nor My::Schema::Track
278 My::Schema->load_classes(qw/ CD Artist #Track /, {
279 Other::Namespace => [qw/ Producer #LinerNotes /],
285 my ($class, @params) = @_;
290 foreach my $param (@params) {
291 if (ref $param eq 'ARRAY') {
292 # filter out commented entries
293 my @modules = grep { $_ !~ /^#/ } @$param;
295 push (@{$comps_for{$class}}, @modules);
297 elsif (ref $param eq 'HASH') {
298 # more than one namespace possible
299 for my $comp ( keys %$param ) {
300 # filter out commented entries
301 my @modules = grep { $_ !~ /^#/ } @{$param->{$comp}};
303 push (@{$comps_for{$comp}}, @modules);
307 # filter out commented entries
308 push (@{$comps_for{$class}}, $param) if $param !~ /^#/;
312 my @comp = map { substr $_, length "${class}::" }
313 Module::Find::findallmod($class);
314 $comps_for{$class} = \@comp;
319 no warnings qw/redefine/;
320 local *Class::C3::reinitialize = sub { };
321 foreach my $prefix (keys %comps_for) {
322 foreach my $comp (@{$comps_for{$prefix}||[]}) {
323 my $comp_class = "${prefix}::${comp}";
324 { # try to untaint module name. mods where this fails
325 # are left alone so we don't have to change the old behavior
326 no locale; # localized \w doesn't untaint expression
327 if ( $comp_class =~ m/^( (?:\w+::)* \w+ )$/x ) {
331 $class->ensure_class_loaded($comp_class);
333 my $snsub = $comp_class->can('source_name');
335 warn "Failed to load $comp_class. Can't find source_name method. Is $comp_class really a full DBIC result class? Fix it, move it elsewhere, or make your load_classes call more specific.";
338 $comp = $snsub->($comp_class) || $comp;
340 push(@to_register, [ $comp, $comp_class ]);
344 Class::C3->reinitialize;
346 foreach my $to (@to_register) {
347 $class->register_class(@$to);
348 # if $class->can('result_source_instance');
356 =item Arguments: $storage_type|{$storage_type, \%args}
358 =item Return value: $storage_type|{$storage_type, \%args}
360 =item Default value: DBIx::Class::Storage::DBI
364 Set the storage class that will be instantiated when L</connect> is called.
365 If the classname starts with C<::>, the prefix C<DBIx::Class::Storage> is
366 assumed by L</connect>.
368 You want to use this to set subclasses of L<DBIx::Class::Storage::DBI>
369 in cases where the appropriate subclass is not autodetected, such as
370 when dealing with MSSQL via L<DBD::Sybase>, in which case you'd set it
371 to C<::DBI::Sybase::MSSQL>.
373 If your storage type requires instantiation arguments, those are
374 defined as a second argument in the form of a hashref and the entire
375 value needs to be wrapped into an arrayref or a hashref. We support
376 both types of refs here in order to play nice with your
377 Config::[class] or your choice. See
378 L<DBIx::Class::Storage::DBI::Replicated> for an example of this.
380 =head2 exception_action
384 =item Arguments: $code_reference
386 =item Return value: $code_reference
388 =item Default value: None
392 If C<exception_action> is set for this class/object, L</throw_exception>
393 will prefer to call this code reference with the exception as an argument,
394 rather than L<DBIx::Class::Exception/throw>.
396 Your subroutine should probably just wrap the error in the exception
397 object/class of your choosing and rethrow. If, against all sage advice,
398 you'd like your C<exception_action> to suppress a particular exception
399 completely, simply have it return true.
404 use base qw/DBIx::Class::Schema/;
405 use My::ExceptionClass;
406 __PACKAGE__->exception_action(sub { My::ExceptionClass->throw(@_) });
407 __PACKAGE__->load_classes;
410 my $schema_obj = My::Schema->connect( .... );
411 $schema_obj->exception_action(sub { My::ExceptionClass->throw(@_) });
413 # suppress all exceptions, like a moron:
414 $schema_obj->exception_action(sub { 1 });
420 =item Arguments: boolean
424 Whether L</throw_exception> should include stack trace information.
425 Defaults to false normally, but defaults to true if C<$ENV{DBIC_TRACE}>
428 =head2 sqlt_deploy_hook
432 =item Arguments: $sqlt_schema
436 An optional sub which you can declare in your own Schema class that will get
437 passed the L<SQL::Translator::Schema> object when you deploy the schema via
438 L</create_ddl_dir> or L</deploy>.
440 For an example of what you can do with this, see
441 L<DBIx::Class::Manual::Cookbook/Adding Indexes And Functions To Your SQL>.
443 Note that sqlt_deploy_hook is called by L</deployment_statements>, which in turn
444 is called before L</deploy>. Therefore the hook can be used only to manipulate
445 the L<SQL::Translator::Schema> object before it is turned into SQL fed to the
446 database. If you want to execute post-deploy statements which can not be generated
447 by L<SQL::Translator>, the currently suggested method is to overload L</deploy>
448 and use L<dbh_do|DBIx::Class::Storage::DBI/dbh_do>.
456 =item Arguments: @connectinfo
458 =item Return Value: $new_schema
462 Creates and returns a new Schema object. The connection info set on it
463 is used to create a new instance of the storage backend and set it on
466 See L<DBIx::Class::Storage::DBI/"connect_info"> for DBI-specific
467 syntax on the C<@connectinfo> argument, or L<DBIx::Class::Storage> in
470 Note that C<connect_info> expects an arrayref of arguments, but
471 C<connect> does not. C<connect> wraps it's arguments in an arrayref
472 before passing them to C<connect_info>.
476 sub connect { shift->clone->connection(@_) }
482 =item Arguments: $source_name
484 =item Return Value: $resultset
488 my $rs = $schema->resultset('DVD');
490 Returns the L<DBIx::Class::ResultSet> object for the registered source
496 my ($self, $moniker) = @_;
497 return $self->source($moniker)->resultset;
504 =item Return Value: @source_names
508 my @source_names = $schema->sources;
510 Lists names of all the sources registered on this Schema object.
514 sub sources { return keys %{shift->source_registrations}; }
520 =item Arguments: $source_name
522 =item Return Value: $result_source
526 my $source = $schema->source('Book');
528 Returns the L<DBIx::Class::ResultSource> object for the registered
534 my ($self, $moniker) = @_;
535 my $sreg = $self->source_registrations;
536 return $sreg->{$moniker} if exists $sreg->{$moniker};
538 # if we got here, they probably passed a full class name
539 my $mapped = $self->class_mappings->{$moniker};
540 $self->throw_exception("Can't find source for ${moniker}")
541 unless $mapped && exists $sreg->{$mapped};
542 return $sreg->{$mapped};
549 =item Arguments: $source_name
551 =item Return Value: $classname
555 my $class = $schema->class('CD');
557 Retrieves the Result class name for the given source name.
562 my ($self, $moniker) = @_;
563 return $self->source($moniker)->result_class;
570 =item Arguments: C<$coderef>, @coderef_args?
572 =item Return Value: The return value of $coderef
576 Executes C<$coderef> with (optional) arguments C<@coderef_args> atomically,
577 returning its result (if any). Equivalent to calling $schema->storage->txn_do.
578 See L<DBIx::Class::Storage/"txn_do"> for more information.
580 This interface is preferred over using the individual methods L</txn_begin>,
581 L</txn_commit>, and L</txn_rollback> below.
583 WARNING: If you are connected with C<AutoCommit => 0> the transaction is
584 considered nested, and you will still need to call L</txn_commit> to write your
585 changes when appropriate. You will also want to connect with C<auto_savepoint =>
586 1> to get partial rollback to work, if the storage driver for your database
589 Connecting with C<AutoCommit => 1> is recommended.
596 $self->storage or $self->throw_exception
597 ('txn_do called on $schema without storage');
599 $self->storage->txn_do(@_);
602 =head2 txn_scope_guard (EXPERIMENTAL)
604 Runs C<txn_scope_guard> on the schema's storage. See
605 L<DBIx::Class::Storage/txn_scope_guard>.
609 sub txn_scope_guard {
612 $self->storage or $self->throw_exception
613 ('txn_scope_guard called on $schema without storage');
615 $self->storage->txn_scope_guard(@_);
620 Begins a transaction (does nothing if AutoCommit is off). Equivalent to
621 calling $schema->storage->txn_begin. See
622 L<DBIx::Class::Storage::DBI/"txn_begin"> for more information.
629 $self->storage or $self->throw_exception
630 ('txn_begin called on $schema without storage');
632 $self->storage->txn_begin;
637 Commits the current transaction. Equivalent to calling
638 $schema->storage->txn_commit. See L<DBIx::Class::Storage::DBI/"txn_commit">
639 for more information.
646 $self->storage or $self->throw_exception
647 ('txn_commit called on $schema without storage');
649 $self->storage->txn_commit;
654 Rolls back the current transaction. Equivalent to calling
655 $schema->storage->txn_rollback. See
656 L<DBIx::Class::Storage::DBI/"txn_rollback"> for more information.
663 $self->storage or $self->throw_exception
664 ('txn_rollback called on $schema without storage');
666 $self->storage->txn_rollback;
671 my $storage = $schema->storage;
673 Returns the L<DBIx::Class::Storage> object for this Schema. Grab this
674 if you want to turn on SQL statement debugging at runtime, or set the
675 quote character. For the default storage, the documentation can be
676 found in L<DBIx::Class::Storage::DBI>.
682 =item Arguments: $source_name, \@data;
684 =item Return value: \@$objects | nothing
688 Pass this method a resultsource name, and an arrayref of
689 arrayrefs. The arrayrefs should contain a list of column names,
690 followed by one or many sets of matching data for the given columns.
692 In void context, C<insert_bulk> in L<DBIx::Class::Storage::DBI> is used
693 to insert the data, as this is a fast method. However, insert_bulk currently
694 assumes that your datasets all contain the same type of values, using scalar
695 references in a column in one row, and not in another will probably not work.
697 Otherwise, each set of data is inserted into the database using
698 L<DBIx::Class::ResultSet/create>, and a arrayref of the resulting row
703 $schema->populate('Artist', [
704 [ qw/artistid name/ ],
705 [ 1, 'Popular Band' ],
710 Since wantarray context is basically the same as looping over $rs->create(...)
711 you won't see any performance benefits and in this case the method is more for
712 convenience. Void context sends the column information directly to storage
713 using <DBI>s bulk insert method. So the performance will be much better for
714 storages that support this method.
716 Because of this difference in the way void context inserts rows into your
717 database you need to note how this will effect any loaded components that
718 override or augment insert. For example if you are using a component such
719 as L<DBIx::Class::UUIDColumns> to populate your primary keys you MUST use
720 wantarray context if you want the PKs automatically created.
725 my ($self, $name, $data) = @_;
726 if(my $rs = $self->resultset($name)) {
727 if(defined wantarray) {
728 return $rs->populate($data);
730 $rs->populate($data);
733 $self->throw_exception("$name is not a resultset");
741 =item Arguments: @args
743 =item Return Value: $new_schema
747 Similar to L</connect> except sets the storage object and connection
748 data in-place on the Schema class. You should probably be calling
749 L</connect> to get a proper Schema object instead.
755 my ($self, @info) = @_;
756 return $self if !@info && $self->storage;
758 my ($storage_class, $args) = ref $self->storage_type ?
759 ($self->_normalize_storage_type($self->storage_type),{}) : ($self->storage_type, {});
761 $storage_class = 'DBIx::Class::Storage'.$storage_class
762 if $storage_class =~ m/^::/;
763 eval "require ${storage_class};";
764 $self->throw_exception(
765 "No arguments to load_classes and couldn't load ${storage_class} ($@)"
767 my $storage = $storage_class->new($self=>$args);
768 $storage->connect_info(\@info);
769 $self->storage($storage);
773 sub _normalize_storage_type {
774 my ($self, $storage_type) = @_;
775 if(ref $storage_type eq 'ARRAY') {
776 return @$storage_type;
777 } elsif(ref $storage_type eq 'HASH') {
778 return %$storage_type;
780 $self->throw_exception('Unsupported REFTYPE given: '. ref $storage_type);
784 =head2 compose_namespace
788 =item Arguments: $target_namespace, $additional_base_class?
790 =item Retur Value: $new_schema
794 For each L<DBIx::Class::ResultSource> in the schema, this method creates a
795 class in the target namespace (e.g. $target_namespace::CD,
796 $target_namespace::Artist) that inherits from the corresponding classes
797 attached to the current schema.
799 It also attaches a corresponding L<DBIx::Class::ResultSource> object to the
800 new $schema object. If C<$additional_base_class> is given, the new composed
801 classes will inherit from first the corresponding classe from the current
802 schema then the base class.
804 For example, for a schema with My::Schema::CD and My::Schema::Artist classes,
806 $schema->compose_namespace('My::DB', 'Base::Class');
807 print join (', ', @My::DB::CD::ISA) . "\n";
808 print join (', ', @My::DB::Artist::ISA) ."\n";
810 will produce the output
812 My::Schema::CD, Base::Class
813 My::Schema::Artist, Base::Class
817 # this might be oversimplified
818 # sub compose_namespace {
819 # my ($self, $target, $base) = @_;
821 # my $schema = $self->clone;
822 # foreach my $moniker ($schema->sources) {
823 # my $source = $schema->source($moniker);
824 # my $target_class = "${target}::${moniker}";
825 # $self->inject_base(
826 # $target_class => $source->result_class, ($base ? $base : ())
828 # $source->result_class($target_class);
829 # $target_class->result_source_instance($source)
830 # if $target_class->can('result_source_instance');
831 # $schema->register_source($moniker, $source);
836 sub compose_namespace {
837 my ($self, $target, $base) = @_;
838 my $schema = $self->clone;
840 no warnings qw/redefine/;
841 # local *Class::C3::reinitialize = sub { };
842 foreach my $moniker ($schema->sources) {
843 my $source = $schema->source($moniker);
844 my $target_class = "${target}::${moniker}";
846 $target_class => $source->result_class, ($base ? $base : ())
848 $source->result_class($target_class);
849 $target_class->result_source_instance($source)
850 if $target_class->can('result_source_instance');
851 $schema->register_source($moniker, $source);
854 # Class::C3->reinitialize();
857 no warnings 'redefine';
858 foreach my $meth (qw/class source resultset/) {
859 *{"${target}::${meth}"} =
860 sub { shift->schema->$meth(@_) };
866 sub setup_connection_class {
867 my ($class, $target, @info) = @_;
868 $class->inject_base($target => 'DBIx::Class::DB');
869 #$target->load_components('DB');
870 $target->connection(@info);
875 Creates a new savepoint (does nothing outside a transaction).
876 Equivalent to calling $schema->storage->svp_begin. See
877 L<DBIx::Class::Storage::DBI/"svp_begin"> for more information.
882 my ($self, $name) = @_;
884 $self->storage or $self->throw_exception
885 ('svp_begin called on $schema without storage');
887 $self->storage->svp_begin($name);
892 Releases a savepoint (does nothing outside a transaction).
893 Equivalent to calling $schema->storage->svp_release. See
894 L<DBIx::Class::Storage::DBI/"svp_release"> for more information.
899 my ($self, $name) = @_;
901 $self->storage or $self->throw_exception
902 ('svp_release called on $schema without storage');
904 $self->storage->svp_release($name);
909 Rollback to a savepoint (does nothing outside a transaction).
910 Equivalent to calling $schema->storage->svp_rollback. See
911 L<DBIx::Class::Storage::DBI/"svp_rollback"> for more information.
916 my ($self, $name) = @_;
918 $self->storage or $self->throw_exception
919 ('svp_rollback called on $schema without storage');
921 $self->storage->svp_rollback($name);
928 =item Return Value: $new_schema
932 Clones the schema and its associated result_source objects and returns the
939 my $clone = { (ref $self ? %$self : ()) };
940 bless $clone, (ref $self || $self);
942 $clone->class_mappings({ %{$clone->class_mappings} });
943 $clone->source_registrations({ %{$clone->source_registrations} });
944 foreach my $moniker ($self->sources) {
945 my $source = $self->source($moniker);
946 my $new = $source->new($source);
947 # we use extra here as we want to leave the class_mappings as they are
948 # but overwrite the source_registrations entry with the new source
949 $clone->register_extra_source($moniker => $new);
951 $clone->storage->set_schema($clone) if $clone->storage;
955 =head2 throw_exception
959 =item Arguments: $message
963 Throws an exception. Defaults to using L<Carp::Clan> to report errors from
964 user's perspective. See L</exception_action> for details on overriding
965 this method's behavior. If L</stacktrace> is turned on, C<throw_exception>'s
966 default behavior will provide a detailed stack trace.
970 sub throw_exception {
973 DBIx::Class::Exception->throw($_[0], $self->stacktrace)
974 if !$self->exception_action || !$self->exception_action->(@_);
981 =item Arguments: $sqlt_args, $dir
985 Attempts to deploy the schema to the current storage using L<SQL::Translator>.
987 See L<SQL::Translator/METHODS> for a list of values for C<$sqlt_args>. The most
988 common value for this would be C<< { add_drop_table => 1, } >> to have the SQL
989 produced include a DROP TABLE statement for each table created.
991 Additionally, the DBIx::Class parser accepts a C<sources> parameter as a hash
992 ref or an array ref, containing a list of source to deploy. If present, then
993 only the sources listed will get deployed. Furthermore, you can use the
994 C<add_fk_index> parser parameter to prevent the parser from creating an index for each
1000 my ($self, $sqltargs, $dir) = @_;
1001 $self->throw_exception("Can't deploy without storage") unless $self->storage;
1002 $self->storage->deploy($self, undef, $sqltargs, $dir);
1005 =head2 deployment_statements
1009 =item Arguments: $rdbms_type, $sqlt_args, $dir
1011 =item Return value: $listofstatements
1015 A convenient shortcut to storage->deployment_statements(). Returns the
1016 SQL statements used by L</deploy> and
1017 L<DBIx::Class::Schema::Storage/deploy>. C<$rdbms_type> provides the
1018 (optional) SQLT (not DBI) database driver name for which the SQL
1019 statements are produced. If not supplied, the type is determined by
1020 interrogating the current connection. The other two arguments are
1021 identical to those of L</deploy>.
1025 sub deployment_statements {
1028 $self->throw_exception("Can't generate deployment statements without a storage")
1029 if not $self->storage;
1031 $self->storage->deployment_statements($self, @_);
1034 =head2 create_ddl_dir (EXPERIMENTAL)
1038 =item Arguments: \@databases, $version, $directory, $preversion, $sqlt_args
1042 Creates an SQL file based on the Schema, for each of the specified
1043 database types, in the given directory. Given a previous version number,
1044 this will also create a file containing the ALTER TABLE statements to
1045 transform the previous schema into the current one. Note that these
1046 statements may contain DROP TABLE or DROP COLUMN statements that can
1047 potentially destroy data.
1049 The file names are created using the C<ddl_filename> method below, please
1050 override this method in your schema if you would like a different file
1051 name format. For the ALTER file, the same format is used, replacing
1052 $version in the name with "$preversion-$version".
1054 See L<DBIx::Class::Schema/deploy> for details of $sqlt_args.
1056 If no arguments are passed, then the following default values are used:
1060 =item databases - ['MySQL', 'SQLite', 'PostgreSQL']
1062 =item version - $schema->schema_version
1064 =item directory - './'
1066 =item preversion - <none>
1070 Note that this feature is currently EXPERIMENTAL and may not work correctly
1071 across all databases, or fully handle complex relationships.
1073 WARNING: Please check all SQL files created, before applying them.
1077 sub create_ddl_dir {
1080 $self->throw_exception("Can't create_ddl_dir without storage") unless $self->storage;
1081 $self->storage->create_ddl_dir($self, @_);
1088 =item Arguments: $database-type, $version, $directory, $preversion
1090 =item Return value: $normalised_filename
1094 my $filename = $table->ddl_filename($type, $version, $dir, $preversion)
1096 This method is called by C<create_ddl_dir> to compose a file name out of
1097 the supplied directory, database type and version number. The default file
1098 name format is: C<$dir$schema-$version-$type.sql>.
1100 You may override this method in your schema if you wish to use a different
1106 my ($self, $type, $version, $dir, $preversion) = @_;
1108 my $filename = ref($self);
1109 $filename =~ s/::/-/g;
1110 $filename = File::Spec->catfile($dir, "$filename-$version-$type.sql");
1111 $filename =~ s/$version/$preversion-$version/ if($preversion);
1118 Provided as the recommended way of thawing schema objects. You can call
1119 C<Storable::thaw> directly if you wish, but the thawed objects will not have a
1120 reference to any schema, so are rather useless
1125 my ($self, $obj) = @_;
1126 local $DBIx::Class::ResultSourceHandle::thaw_schema = $self;
1127 return Storable::thaw($obj);
1132 This doesn't actualy do anything more than call L<Storable/freeze>, it is just
1133 provided here for symetry.
1138 return Storable::freeze($_[1]);
1143 Recommeneded way of dcloning objects. This is needed to properly maintain
1144 references to the schema object (which itself is B<not> cloned.)
1149 my ($self, $obj) = @_;
1150 local $DBIx::Class::ResultSourceHandle::thaw_schema = $self;
1151 return Storable::dclone($obj);
1154 =head2 schema_version
1156 Returns the current schema class' $VERSION in a normalised way.
1160 sub schema_version {
1162 my $class = ref($self)||$self;
1164 # does -not- use $schema->VERSION
1165 # since that varies in results depending on if version.pm is installed, and if
1166 # so the perl or XS versions. If you want this to change, bug the version.pm
1167 # author to make vpp and vxs behave the same.
1172 $version = ${"${class}::VERSION"};
1178 =head2 register_class
1182 =item Arguments: $moniker, $component_class
1186 This method is called by L</load_namespaces> and L</load_classes> to install the found classes into your Schema. You should be using those instead of this one.
1188 You will only need this method if you have your Result classes in
1189 files which are not named after the packages (or all in the same
1190 file). You may also need it to register classes at runtime.
1192 Registers a class which isa DBIx::Class::ResultSourceProxy. Equivalent to
1195 $schema->register_source($moniker, $component_class->result_source_instance);
1199 sub register_class {
1200 my ($self, $moniker, $to_register) = @_;
1201 $self->register_source($moniker => $to_register->result_source_instance);
1204 =head2 register_source
1208 =item Arguments: $moniker, $result_source
1212 This method is called by L</register_class>.
1214 Registers the L<DBIx::Class::ResultSource> in the schema with the given
1219 sub register_source {
1222 $self->_register_source(@_);
1225 =head2 register_extra_source
1229 =item Arguments: $moniker, $result_source
1233 As L</register_source> but should be used if the result class already
1234 has a source and you want to register an extra one.
1238 sub register_extra_source {
1241 $self->_register_source(@_, { extra => 1 });
1244 sub _register_source {
1245 my ($self, $moniker, $source, $params) = @_;
1247 $source = $source->new({ %$source, source_name => $moniker });
1249 my %reg = %{$self->source_registrations};
1250 $reg{$moniker} = $source;
1251 $self->source_registrations(\%reg);
1253 $source->schema($self);
1254 weaken($source->{schema}) if ref($self);
1255 return if ($params->{extra});
1257 if ($source->result_class) {
1258 my %map = %{$self->class_mappings};
1259 if (exists $map{$source->result_class}) {
1260 warn $source->result_class . ' already has a source, use register_extra_source for additional sources';
1262 $map{$source->result_class} = $moniker;
1263 $self->class_mappings(\%map);
1267 sub _unregister_source {
1268 my ($self, $moniker) = @_;
1269 my %reg = %{$self->source_registrations};
1271 my $source = delete $reg{$moniker};
1272 $self->source_registrations(\%reg);
1273 if ($source->result_class) {
1274 my %map = %{$self->class_mappings};
1275 delete $map{$source->result_class};
1276 $self->class_mappings(\%map);
1281 =head2 compose_connection (DEPRECATED)
1285 =item Arguments: $target_namespace, @db_info
1287 =item Return Value: $new_schema
1291 DEPRECATED. You probably wanted compose_namespace.
1293 Actually, you probably just wanted to call connect.
1297 (hidden due to deprecation)
1299 Calls L<DBIx::Class::Schema/"compose_namespace"> to the target namespace,
1300 calls L<DBIx::Class::Schema/connection> with @db_info on the new schema,
1301 then injects the L<DBix::Class::ResultSetProxy> component and a
1302 resultset_instance classdata entry on all the new classes, in order to support
1303 $target_namespaces::$class->search(...) method calls.
1305 This is primarily useful when you have a specific need for class method access
1306 to a connection. In normal usage it is preferred to call
1307 L<DBIx::Class::Schema/connect> and use the resulting schema object to operate
1308 on L<DBIx::Class::ResultSet> objects with L<DBIx::Class::Schema/resultset> for
1318 sub compose_connection {
1319 my ($self, $target, @info) = @_;
1321 warn "compose_connection deprecated as of 0.08000"
1322 unless ($INC{"DBIx/Class/CDBICompat.pm"} || $warn++);
1324 my $base = 'DBIx::Class::ResultSetProxy';
1325 eval "require ${base};";
1326 $self->throw_exception
1327 ("No arguments to load_classes and couldn't load ${base} ($@)")
1330 if ($self eq $target) {
1331 # Pathological case, largely caused by the docs on early C::M::DBIC::Plain
1332 foreach my $moniker ($self->sources) {
1333 my $source = $self->source($moniker);
1334 my $class = $source->result_class;
1335 $self->inject_base($class, $base);
1336 $class->mk_classdata(resultset_instance => $source->resultset);
1337 $class->mk_classdata(class_resolver => $self);
1339 $self->connection(@info);
1343 my $schema = $self->compose_namespace($target, $base);
1346 my $name = join '::', $target, 'schema';
1347 *$name = Sub::Name::subname $name, sub { $schema };
1350 $schema->connection(@info);
1351 foreach my $moniker ($schema->sources) {
1352 my $source = $schema->source($moniker);
1353 my $class = $source->result_class;
1354 #warn "$moniker $class $source ".$source->storage;
1355 $class->mk_classdata(result_source_instance => $source);
1356 $class->mk_classdata(resultset_instance => $source->resultset);
1357 $class->mk_classdata(class_resolver => $schema);
1367 Matt S. Trout <mst@shadowcatsystems.co.uk>
1371 You may distribute this code under the same terms as Perl itself.