1 package DBIx::Class::Schema::Loader;
5 use base qw/DBIx::Class::Schema Class::Accessor::Grouped/;
8 use Carp::Clan qw/^DBIx::Class/;
9 use Scalar::Util 'weaken';
10 use Sub::Util 'set_subname';
11 use DBIx::Class::Schema::Loader::Utils qw/array_eq sigwarn_silencer/;
16 # Always remember to do all digits for the version even if they're 0
17 # i.e. first release of 0.XX *must* be 0.XX000. This avoids fBSD ports
18 # brain damage and presumably various other packaging systems too
19 our $VERSION = '0.07048';
21 __PACKAGE__->mk_group_accessors('inherited', qw/
30 __PACKAGE__->_loader_args({});
36 DBIx::Class::Schema::Loader - Create a DBIx::Class::Schema based on a database
40 ### use this module to generate a set of class files
43 use DBIx::Class::Schema::Loader qw/ make_schema_at /;
47 dump_directory => './lib',
49 [ 'dbi:Pg:dbname="foo"', 'myuser', 'mypassword',
50 { loader_class => 'MyLoader' } # optionally
54 # from the command line or a shell script with dbicdump (distributed
55 # with this module). Do `perldoc dbicdump` for usage.
56 dbicdump -o dump_directory=./lib \
57 -o components='["InflateColumn::DateTime"]' \
64 ### or generate and load classes at runtime
65 # note: this technique is not recommended
66 # for use in production code
69 use base qw/DBIx::Class::Schema::Loader/;
71 __PACKAGE__->loader_options(
72 constraint => '^foo.*',
76 #### in application code elsewhere:
80 my $schema1 = My::Schema->connect( $dsn, $user, $password, $attrs);
82 my $schema1 = "My::Schema"; $schema1->connection(as above);
86 DBIx::Class::Schema::Loader automates the definition of a
87 L<DBIx::Class::Schema> by scanning database table definitions and setting up
88 the columns, primary keys, unique constraints and relationships.
90 See L<dbicdump> for the C<dbicdump> utility.
92 DBIx::Class::Schema::Loader currently supports only the DBI storage type. It
93 has explicit support for L<DBD::Pg>, L<DBD::mysql>, L<DBD::DB2>,
94 L<DBD::Firebird>, L<DBD::InterBase>, L<DBD::Informix>, L<DBD::SQLAnywhere>,
95 L<DBD::SQLite>, L<DBD::Sybase> (for Sybase ASE and MSSSQL), L<DBD::ODBC> (for
96 MSSQL, MSAccess, Firebird and SQL Anywhere) L<DBD::ADO> (for MSSQL and
97 MSAccess) and L<DBD::Oracle>. Other DBI drivers may function to a greater or
98 lesser degree with this loader, depending on how much of the DBI spec they
99 implement, and how standard their implementation is.
101 Patches to make other DBDs work correctly welcome.
103 See L<DBIx::Class::Schema::Loader::DBI::Writing> for notes on writing
104 your own vendor-specific subclass for an unsupported DBD driver.
106 This module requires L<DBIx::Class> 0.08127 or later, and obsoletes the older
107 L<DBIx::Class::Loader>.
109 See L<DBIx::Class::Schema::Loader::Base> for available options.
115 The loader object, as class data on your Schema. For methods available see
116 L<DBIx::Class::Schema::Loader::Base> and L<DBIx::Class::Schema::Loader::DBI>.
129 =item Argument: $loader_class
133 Set the loader class to be instantiated when L</connection> is called.
134 If the classname starts with "::", "DBIx::Class::Schema::Loader" is
135 prepended. Defaults to L<DBIx::Class::Schema/storage_type> (which must
136 start with "::" when using L<DBIx::Class::Schema::Loader>).
138 This is mostly useful for subclassing existing loaders or in conjunction
139 with L</dump_to_dir>.
141 =head2 loader_options
145 =item Argument: \%loader_options
149 Example in Synopsis above demonstrates a few common arguments. For
150 detailed information on all of the arguments, most of which are
151 only useful in fairly complex scenarios, see the
152 L<DBIx::Class::Schema::Loader::Base> documentation.
154 If you intend to use C<loader_options>, you must call
155 C<loader_options> before any connection is made, or embed the
156 C<loader_options> in the connection information itself as shown
157 below. Setting C<loader_options> after the connection has
158 already been made is useless.
165 my %args = (ref $_[0] eq 'HASH') ? %{$_[0]} : @_;
166 $self->_loader_args(\%args);
173 my $class = ref $self || $self;
175 my $args = $self->_loader_args;
177 # temporarily copy $self's storage to class
178 my $class_storage = $class->storage;
180 $class->storage($self->storage);
181 $class->storage->set_schema($class);
184 $args->{schema} = $class;
185 $args->{schema_class} = $class;
186 $args->{dump_directory} ||= $self->dump_to_dir;
187 $args->{naming} = $self->naming if $self->naming;
188 $args->{use_namespaces} = $self->use_namespaces if defined $self->use_namespaces;
190 my $loader_class = $self->loader_class;
192 $loader_class = "DBIx::Class::Schema::Loader${loader_class}" if $loader_class =~ /^::/;
193 $args->{loader_class} = $loader_class;
196 # XXX this only works for relative storage_type, like ::DBI ...
197 my $impl = $loader_class || "DBIx::Class::Schema::Loader" . $self->storage_type;
199 $self->ensure_class_loaded($impl)
202 croak qq/Could not load loader_class "$impl": "$_"/;
205 $class->loader($impl->new(%$args));
206 $class->loader->load;
207 $class->_loader_invoked(1);
211 $self->loader($class->loader);
212 $self->_loader_invoked(1);
214 $self->_merge_state_from($class);
217 # restore $class's storage
218 $class->storage($class_storage);
223 # FIXME This needs to be moved into DBIC at some point, otherwise we are
224 # maintaining things to do with DBIC guts, which we have no business of
225 # maintaining. But at the moment it would be just dead code in DBIC, so we'll
227 sub _merge_state_from {
228 my ($self, $from) = @_;
230 my $orig_class_mappings = $self->class_mappings;
231 my $orig_source_registrations = $self->source_registrations;
233 $self->_copy_state_from($from);
235 $self->class_mappings(__merge($orig_class_mappings, $self->class_mappings))
236 if $orig_class_mappings;
238 $self->source_registrations(__merge($orig_source_registrations, $self->source_registrations))
239 if $orig_source_registrations;
245 local $SIG{__WARN__} = sigwarn_silencer(qr/Arguments for _merge_hashes must be hash references/);
249 my $m = Hash::Merge->new('LEFT_PRECEDENT');
250 $m->set_clone_behavior(0);
257 sub _copy_state_from {
261 # older DBIC's do not have this method
262 if (try { DBIx::Class->VERSION('0.08197'); 1 }) {
263 return $self->next::method(@_);
266 # this is a copy from DBIC git master pre 0.08197
267 $self->class_mappings({ %{$from->class_mappings} });
268 $self->source_registrations({ %{$from->source_registrations} });
270 foreach my $moniker ($from->sources) {
271 my $source = $from->source($moniker);
272 my $new = $source->new($source);
273 # we use extra here as we want to leave the class_mappings as they are
274 # but overwrite the source_registrations entry with the new source
275 $self->register_extra_source($moniker => $new);
278 if ($from->storage) {
279 $self->storage($from->storage);
280 $self->storage->set_schema($self);
289 =item Arguments: @args
291 =item Return Value: $new_schema
295 See L<DBIx::Class::Schema/connection> for basic usage.
297 If the final argument is a hashref, and it contains the keys C<loader_options>
298 or C<loader_class>, those keys will be deleted, and their values value will be
299 used for the loader options or class, respectively, just as if set via the
300 L</loader_options> or L</loader_class> methods above.
302 The actual auto-loading operation (the heart of this module) will be invoked
303 as soon as the connection information is defined.
309 my $class = ref $self || $self;
311 if($_[-1] && ref $_[-1] eq 'HASH') {
312 for my $option (qw/loader_class loader_options/) {
313 if(my $value = delete $_[-1]->{$option}) {
314 $self->$option($value);
317 pop @_ if !keys %{$_[-1]};
320 # Make sure we inherit from schema_base_class and load schema_components
322 require DBIx::Class::Schema::Loader::Base;
323 my $temp_loader = DBIx::Class::Schema::Loader::Base->new(
324 %{ $self->_loader_args },
333 if ($temp_loader->schema_base_class || $temp_loader->schema_components) {
334 @components = @{ $temp_loader->schema_components }
335 if $temp_loader->schema_components;
337 push @components, ('+'.$temp_loader->schema_base_class)
338 if $temp_loader->schema_base_class;
345 my @component_classes = map {
346 /^\+/ ? substr($_, 1, length($_) - 1) : "DBIx::Class::$_"
349 $modify_isa++ if not array_eq([ @$class_isa[0..(@components-1)] ], \@component_classes)
353 $class->load_components(@components);
355 # This hack is necessary because we changed @ISA of $self through
356 # ->load_components and we are now in a different place in the mro.
357 no warnings 'redefine';
359 local *connection = set_subname __PACKAGE__.'::connection' => sub {
361 $self->next::method(@_);
364 my @linear_isa = @{ mro::get_linear_isa($class) };
368 foreach my $i (1..$#linear_isa) {
370 $next_method = *{$linear_isa[$i].'::connection'}{CODE};
371 last if $next_method;
374 $self = $self->$next_method(@_);
377 $self = $self->next::method(@_);
380 if(!$class->_loader_invoked) {
381 $self->_invoke_loader
389 See L<DBIx::Class::Schema/clone>.
396 my $clone = $self->next::method(@_);
398 if($clone->_loader_args) {
399 $clone->_loader_args->{schema} = $clone;
400 weaken($clone->_loader_args->{schema});
410 =item Argument: $directory
414 Calling this as a class method on either L<DBIx::Class::Schema::Loader>
415 or any derived schema class will cause all schemas to dump
416 manual versions of themselves to the named directory when they are
417 loaded. In order to be effective, this must be set before defining a
418 connection on this schema class or any derived object (as the loading
419 happens as soon as both a connection and loader_options are set, and
420 only once per class).
422 See L<DBIx::Class::Schema::Loader::Base/dump_directory> for more
423 details on the dumping mechanism.
425 This can also be set at module import time via the import option
426 C<dump_to_dir:/foo/bar> to L<DBIx::Class::Schema::Loader>, where
427 C</foo/bar> is the target directory.
431 # My::Schema isa DBIx::Class::Schema::Loader, and has connection info
432 # hardcoded in the class itself:
433 perl -MDBIx::Class::Schema::Loader=dump_to_dir:/foo/bar -MMy::Schema -e1
435 # Same, but no hard-coded connection, so we must provide one:
436 perl -MDBIx::Class::Schema::Loader=dump_to_dir:/foo/bar -MMy::Schema -e 'My::Schema->connection("dbi:Pg:dbname=foo", ...)'
438 # Or as a class method, as long as you get it done *before* defining a
439 # connection on this schema class or any derived object:
441 My::Schema->dump_to_dir('/foo/bar');
442 My::Schema->connection(........);
444 # Or as a class method on the DBIx::Class::Schema::Loader itself, which affects all
448 DBIx::Class::Schema::Loader->dump_to_dir('/foo/bar');
449 My::Schema->connection(.......);
450 My::OtherSchema->connection(.......);
452 # Another alternative to the above:
453 use DBIx::Class::Schema::Loader qw| dump_to_dir:/foo/bar |;
456 My::Schema->connection(.......);
457 My::OtherSchema->connection(.......);
466 my $cpkg = (caller)[0];
468 foreach my $opt (@_) {
469 if($opt =~ m{^dump_to_dir:(.*)$}) {
470 $self->dump_to_dir($1)
472 elsif($opt eq 'make_schema_at') {
474 *{"${cpkg}::make_schema_at"} = \&make_schema_at;
476 elsif($opt eq 'naming') {
478 *{"${cpkg}::naming"} = $self->curry::naming;
480 elsif($opt eq 'use_namespaces') {
482 *{"${cpkg}::use_namespaces"} = $self->curry::use_namespaces,
487 =head2 make_schema_at
491 =item Arguments: $schema_class_name, \%loader_options, \@connect_info
493 =item Return Value: $schema_class_name
497 This function creates a DBIx::Class schema from an existing RDBMS
498 schema. With the C<dump_directory> option, generates a set of
499 DBIx::Class classes from an existing database schema read from the
500 given dsn. Without a C<dump_directory>, creates schema classes in
501 memory at runtime without generating on-disk class files.
503 For a complete list of supported loader_options, see
504 L<DBIx::Class::Schema::Loader::Base>
506 The last hashref in the C<\@connect_info> can specify the L</loader_class>.
508 This function can be imported in the usual way, as illustrated in
511 # Simple example, creates as a new class 'New::Schema::Name' in
512 # memory in the running perl interpreter.
513 use DBIx::Class::Schema::Loader qw/ make_schema_at /;
517 [ 'dbi:Pg:dbname="foo"','postgres','',
518 { loader_class => 'MyLoader' } # optionally
522 # Inside a script, specifying a dump directory in which to write
524 use DBIx::Class::Schema::Loader qw/ make_schema_at /;
527 { debug => 1, dump_directory => './lib' },
528 [ 'dbi:Pg:dbname="foo"','postgres','',
529 { loader_class => 'MyLoader' } # optionally
533 The last hashref in the C<\@connect_info> is checked for loader arguments such
534 as C<loader_options> and C<loader_class>, see L</connection> for more details.
539 my ($target, $opts, $connect_info) = @_;
543 @{$target . '::ISA'} = qw/DBIx::Class::Schema::Loader/;
546 $target->_loader_invoked(0);
548 $target->loader_options($opts);
550 my $temp_schema = $target->connect(@$connect_info);
552 $target->storage($temp_schema->storage);
553 $target->storage->set_schema($target);
562 =item Return Value: @new_monikers
566 Re-scans the database for newly added tables since the initial
567 load, and adds them to the schema at runtime, including relationships,
568 etc. Does not process drops or changes.
570 Returns a list of the new monikers added.
574 sub rescan { my $self = shift; $self->loader->rescan($self) }
580 =item Arguments: \%opts | $ver
584 Controls the naming options for backward compatibility, see
585 L<DBIx::Class::Schema::Loader::Base/naming> for details.
587 To upgrade a dynamic schema, use:
589 __PACKAGE__->naming('current');
591 Can be imported into your dump script and called as a function as well:
595 =head2 use_namespaces
603 Controls the use_namespaces options for backward compatibility, see
604 L<DBIx::Class::Schema::Loader::Base/use_namespaces> for details.
606 To upgrade a dynamic schema, use:
608 __PACKAGE__->use_namespaces(1);
610 Can be imported into your dump script and called as a function as well:
616 =head2 Multiple Database Schemas
618 See L<DBIx::Class::Schema::Loader::Base/db_schema>.
620 =head1 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
622 Matt S Trout, all of the #dbix-class folks, and everyone who's ever sent
623 in a bug report or suggestion.
625 Based on L<DBIx::Class::Loader> by Sebastian Riedel
627 Based upon the work of IKEBE Tomohiro
631 Caelum: Rafael Kitover <rkitover@cpan.org>
633 Dag-Erling Smørgrav <des@des.no>
635 Matias E. Fernandez <mfernandez@pisco.ch>
637 SineSwiper: Brendan Byrd <byrd.b@insightcom.com>
639 TSUNODA Kazuya <drk@drk7.jp>
641 acmoore: Andrew Moore <amoore@cpan.org>
643 alnewkirk: Al Newkirk <awncorp@cpan.org>
645 andrewalker: André Walker <andre@andrewalker.net>
647 angelixd: Paul C. Mantz <pcmantz@cpan.org>
649 arc: Aaron Crane <arc@cpan.org>
651 arcanez: Justin Hunter <justin.d.hunter@gmail.com>
653 ash: Ash Berlin <ash@cpan.org>
655 blblack: Brandon Black <blblack@gmail.com>
657 bphillips: Brian Phillips <bphillips@cpan.org>
659 btilly: Ben Tilly <btilly@gmail.com>
661 domm: Thomas Klausner <domm@plix.at>
663 gugu: Andrey Kostenko <a.kostenko@rambler-co.ru>
665 hobbs: Andrew Rodland <arodland@cpan.org>
667 ilmari: Dagfinn Ilmari MannsE<aring>ker <ilmari@ilmari.org>
669 jhannah: Jay Hannah <jay@jays.net>
671 jnap: John Napiorkowski <jjn1056@yahoo.com>
673 kane: Jos Boumans <kane@cpan.org>
675 mattp: Matt Phillips <mattp@cpan.org>
677 mephinet: Philipp Gortan <philipp.gortan@apa.at>
679 moritz: Moritz Lenz <moritz@faui2k3.org>
681 mst: Matt S. Trout <mst@shadowcatsystems.co.uk>
683 mstratman: Mark A. Stratman <stratman@gmail.com>
685 oalders: Olaf Alders <olaf@wundersolutions.com>
687 rbo: Robert Bohne <rbo@cpan.org>
689 rbuels: Robert Buels <rbuels@gmail.com>
691 ribasushi: Peter Rabbitson <ribasushi@cpan.org>
693 schwern: Michael G. Schwern <mschwern@cpan.org>
695 spb: Stephen Bennett <spb@exherbo.org>
697 timbunce: Tim Bunce <timb@cpan.org>
699 waawaamilk: Nigel McNie <nigel@mcnie.name>
701 ... and lots of other folks. If we forgot you, please write the current
704 =head1 COPYRIGHT & LICENSE
706 Copyright (c) 2006 - 2015 by the aforementioned
707 L<DBIx::Class::Schema::Loader/AUTHORS>.
709 This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
710 the same terms as Perl itself.
714 L<DBIx::Class>, L<DBIx::Class::Manual::Intro>, L<DBIx::Class::Tutorial>,
715 L<DBIx::Class::Schema::Loader::Base>
720 # vim:et sts=4 sw=4 tw=0: