1 package DBIx::Class::Row;
6 use base qw/DBIx::Class/;
7 use Carp::Clan qw/^DBIx::Class/;
17 $ENV{DBIC_MULTICREATE_DEBUG}
22 __PACKAGE__->mk_group_accessors('simple' => qw/_source_handle/);
26 DBIx::Class::Row - Basic row methods
32 This class is responsible for defining and doing basic operations on rows
33 derived from L<DBIx::Class::ResultSource> objects.
35 Row objects are returned from L<DBIx::Class::ResultSet>s using the
36 L<create|DBIx::Class::ResultSet/create>, L<find|DBIx::Class::ResultSet/find>,
37 L<next|DBIx::Class::ResultSet/next> and L<all|DBIx::Class::ResultSet/all> methods,
38 as well as invocations of 'single' (
39 L<belongs_to|DBIx::Class::Relationship/belongs_to>,
40 L<has_one|DBIx::Class::Relationship/has_one> or
41 L<might_have|DBIx::Class::Relationship/might_have>)
42 relationship accessors of L<DBIx::Class::Row> objects.
48 my $row = My::Class->new(\%attrs);
50 my $row = $schema->resultset('MySource')->new(\%colsandvalues);
54 =item Arguments: \%attrs or \%colsandvalues
56 =item Returns: A Row object
60 While you can create a new row object by calling C<new> directly on
61 this class, you are better off calling it on a
62 L<DBIx::Class::ResultSet> object.
64 When calling it directly, you will not get a complete, usable row
65 object until you pass or set the C<source_handle> attribute, to a
66 L<DBIx::Class::ResultSource> instance that is attached to a
67 L<DBIx::Class::Schema> with a valid connection.
69 C<$attrs> is a hashref of column name, value data. It can also contain
70 some other attributes such as the C<source_handle>.
72 Passing an object, or an arrayref of objects as a value will call
73 L<DBIx::Class::Relationship::Base/set_from_related> for you. When
74 passed a hashref or an arrayref of hashrefs as the value, these will
75 be turned into objects via new_related, and treated as if you had
78 For a more involved explanation, see L<DBIx::Class::ResultSet/create>.
80 Please note that if a value is not passed to new, no value will be sent
81 in the SQL INSERT call, and the column will therefore assume whatever
82 default value was specified in your database. While DBIC will retrieve the
83 value of autoincrement columns, it will never make an explicit database
84 trip to retrieve default values assigned by the RDBMS. You can explicitly
85 request that all values be fetched back from the database by calling
86 L</discard_changes>, or you can supply an explicit C<undef> to columns
87 with NULL as the default, and save yourself a SELECT.
91 The behavior described above will backfire if you use a foreign key column
92 with a database-defined default. If you call the relationship accessor on
93 an object that doesn't have a set value for the FK column, DBIC will throw
94 an exception, as it has no way of knowing the PK of the related object (if
99 ## It needs to store the new objects somewhere, and call insert on that list later when insert is called on this object. We may need an accessor for these so the user can retrieve them, if just doing ->new().
100 ## This only works because DBIC doesnt yet care to check whether the new_related objects have been passed all their mandatory columns
101 ## When doing the later insert, we need to make sure the PKs are set.
102 ## using _relationship_data in new and funky ways..
103 ## check Relationship::CascadeActions and Relationship::Accessor for compat
106 sub __new_related_find_or_new_helper {
107 my ($self, $relname, $data) = @_;
108 if ($self->__their_pk_needs_us($relname, $data)) {
109 MULTICREATE_DEBUG and warn "MC $self constructing $relname via new_result";
110 return $self->result_source
111 ->related_source($relname)
115 if ($self->result_source->_pk_depends_on($relname, $data)) {
116 MULTICREATE_DEBUG and warn "MC $self constructing $relname via find_or_new";
117 return $self->result_source
118 ->related_source($relname)
120 ->find_or_new($data);
122 MULTICREATE_DEBUG and warn "MC $self constructing $relname via find_or_new_related";
123 return $self->find_or_new_related($relname, $data);
126 sub __their_pk_needs_us { # this should maybe be in resultsource.
127 my ($self, $relname, $data) = @_;
128 my $source = $self->result_source;
129 my $reverse = $source->reverse_relationship_info($relname);
130 my $rel_source = $source->related_source($relname);
131 my $us = { $self->get_columns };
132 foreach my $key (keys %$reverse) {
133 # if their primary key depends on us, then we have to
134 # just create a result and we'll fill it out afterwards
135 return 1 if $rel_source->_pk_depends_on($key, $us);
141 my ($class, $attrs) = @_;
142 $class = ref $class if ref $class;
149 if (my $handle = delete $attrs->{-source_handle}) {
150 $new->_source_handle($handle);
154 if ($source = delete $attrs->{-result_source}) {
155 $new->result_source($source);
158 if (my $related = delete $attrs->{-from_resultset}) {
159 @{$new->{_ignore_at_insert}={}}{@$related} = ();
163 $new->throw_exception("attrs must be a hashref")
164 unless ref($attrs) eq 'HASH';
166 my ($related,$inflated);
167 ## Pretend all the rels are actual objects, unset below if not, for insert() to fix
168 $new->{_rel_in_storage} = 1;
170 foreach my $key (keys %$attrs) {
171 if (ref $attrs->{$key}) {
172 ## Can we extract this lot to use with update(_or .. ) ?
173 confess "Can't do multi-create without result source" unless $source;
174 my $info = $source->relationship_info($key);
175 if ($info && $info->{attrs}{accessor}
176 && $info->{attrs}{accessor} eq 'single')
178 my $rel_obj = delete $attrs->{$key};
179 if(!Scalar::Util::blessed($rel_obj)) {
180 $rel_obj = $new->__new_related_find_or_new_helper($key, $rel_obj);
183 if ($rel_obj->in_storage) {
184 $new->set_from_related($key, $rel_obj);
186 $new->{_rel_in_storage} = 0;
187 MULTICREATE_DEBUG and warn "MC $new uninserted $key $rel_obj\n";
190 $related->{$key} = $rel_obj;
192 } elsif ($info && $info->{attrs}{accessor}
193 && $info->{attrs}{accessor} eq 'multi'
194 && ref $attrs->{$key} eq 'ARRAY') {
195 my $others = delete $attrs->{$key};
196 my $total = @$others;
198 foreach my $idx (0 .. $#$others) {
199 my $rel_obj = $others->[$idx];
200 if(!Scalar::Util::blessed($rel_obj)) {
201 $rel_obj = $new->__new_related_find_or_new_helper($key, $rel_obj);
204 if ($rel_obj->in_storage) {
205 $new->set_from_related($key, $rel_obj);
207 $new->{_rel_in_storage} = 0;
208 MULTICREATE_DEBUG and
209 warn "MC $new uninserted $key $rel_obj (${\($idx+1)} of $total)\n";
211 $new->set_from_related($key, $rel_obj) if $rel_obj->in_storage;
212 push(@objects, $rel_obj);
214 $related->{$key} = \@objects;
216 } elsif ($info && $info->{attrs}{accessor}
217 && $info->{attrs}{accessor} eq 'filter')
219 ## 'filter' should disappear and get merged in with 'single' above!
220 my $rel_obj = delete $attrs->{$key};
221 if(!Scalar::Util::blessed($rel_obj)) {
222 $rel_obj = $new->__new_related_find_or_new_helper($key, $rel_obj);
224 unless ($rel_obj->in_storage) {
225 $new->{_rel_in_storage} = 0;
226 MULTICREATE_DEBUG and warn "MC $new uninserted $key $rel_obj";
228 $inflated->{$key} = $rel_obj;
230 } elsif ($class->has_column($key)
231 && $class->column_info($key)->{_inflate_info}) {
232 $inflated->{$key} = $attrs->{$key};
236 $new->throw_exception("No such column $key on $class")
237 unless $class->has_column($key);
238 $new->store_column($key => $attrs->{$key});
241 $new->{_relationship_data} = $related if $related;
242 $new->{_inflated_column} = $inflated if $inflated;
254 =item Arguments: none
256 =item Returns: The Row object
260 Inserts an object previously created by L</new> into the database if
261 it isn't already in there. Returns the object itself. Requires the
262 object's result source to be set, or the class to have a
263 result_source_instance method. To insert an entirely new row into
264 the database, use C<create> (see L<DBIx::Class::ResultSet/create>).
266 To fetch an uninserted row object, call
267 L<new|DBIx::Class::ResultSet/new> on a resultset.
269 This will also insert any uninserted, related objects held inside this
270 one, see L<DBIx::Class::ResultSet/create> for more details.
276 return $self if $self->in_storage;
277 my $source = $self->result_source;
278 $source ||= $self->result_source($self->result_source_instance)
279 if $self->can('result_source_instance');
280 $self->throw_exception("No result_source set on this object; can't insert")
285 # Check if we stored uninserted relobjs here in new()
286 my %related_stuff = (%{$self->{_relationship_data} || {}},
287 %{$self->{_inflated_column} || {}});
289 if(!$self->{_rel_in_storage}) {
291 # The guard will save us if we blow out of this scope via die
292 $rollback_guard = $source->storage->txn_scope_guard;
294 ## Should all be in relationship_data, but we need to get rid of the
295 ## 'filter' reltype..
296 ## These are the FK rels, need their IDs for the insert.
298 my @pri = $self->primary_columns;
300 REL: foreach my $relname (keys %related_stuff) {
302 my $rel_obj = $related_stuff{$relname};
304 next REL unless (Scalar::Util::blessed($rel_obj)
305 && $rel_obj->isa('DBIx::Class::Row'));
307 next REL unless $source->_pk_depends_on(
308 $relname, { $rel_obj->get_columns }
311 MULTICREATE_DEBUG and warn "MC $self pre-reconstructing $relname $rel_obj\n";
313 my $them = { %{$rel_obj->{_relationship_data} || {} }, $rel_obj->get_inflated_columns };
314 my $re = $self->result_source
315 ->related_source($relname)
317 ->find_or_create($them);
318 %{$rel_obj} = %{$re};
319 $self->set_from_related($relname, $rel_obj);
320 delete $related_stuff{$relname};
324 MULTICREATE_DEBUG and do {
325 no warnings 'uninitialized';
326 warn "MC $self inserting (".join(', ', $self->get_columns).")\n";
328 my $updated_cols = $source->storage->insert($source, { $self->get_columns });
329 foreach my $col (keys %$updated_cols) {
330 $self->store_column($col, $updated_cols->{$col});
334 my @auto_pri = grep {
335 !defined $self->get_column($_) ||
336 ref($self->get_column($_)) eq 'SCALAR'
337 } $self->primary_columns;
340 #$self->throw_exception( "More than one possible key found for auto-inc on ".ref $self )
341 # if defined $too_many;
342 MULTICREATE_DEBUG and warn "MC $self fetching missing PKs ".join(', ', @auto_pri)."\n";
343 my $storage = $self->result_source->storage;
344 $self->throw_exception( "Missing primary key but Storage doesn't support last_insert_id" )
345 unless $storage->can('last_insert_id');
346 my @ids = $storage->last_insert_id($self->result_source,@auto_pri);
347 $self->throw_exception( "Can't get last insert id" )
348 unless (@ids == @auto_pri);
349 $self->store_column($auto_pri[$_] => $ids[$_]) for 0 .. $#ids;
353 $self->{_dirty_columns} = {};
354 $self->{related_resultsets} = {};
356 if(!$self->{_rel_in_storage}) {
357 ## Now do the relationships that need our ID (has_many etc.)
358 foreach my $relname (keys %related_stuff) {
359 my $rel_obj = $related_stuff{$relname};
361 if (Scalar::Util::blessed($rel_obj)
362 && $rel_obj->isa('DBIx::Class::Row')) {
364 } elsif (ref $rel_obj eq 'ARRAY') {
368 my $reverse = $source->reverse_relationship_info($relname);
369 foreach my $obj (@cands) {
370 $obj->set_from_related($_, $self) for keys %$reverse;
371 my $them = { %{$obj->{_relationship_data} || {} }, $obj->get_inflated_columns };
372 if ($self->__their_pk_needs_us($relname, $them)) {
373 if (exists $self->{_ignore_at_insert}{$relname}) {
374 MULTICREATE_DEBUG and warn "MC $self skipping post-insert on $relname";
376 MULTICREATE_DEBUG and warn "MC $self re-creating $relname $obj";
377 my $re = $self->result_source
378 ->related_source($relname)
380 ->find_or_create($them);
382 MULTICREATE_DEBUG and warn "MC $self new $relname $obj";
385 MULTICREATE_DEBUG and warn "MC $self post-inserting $obj";
391 delete $self->{_ignore_at_insert};
392 $rollback_guard->commit;
395 $self->in_storage(1);
396 undef $self->{_orig_ident};
402 $row->in_storage; # Get value
403 $row->in_storage(1); # Set value
407 =item Arguments: none or 1|0
413 Indicates whether the object exists as a row in the database or
414 not. This is set to true when L<DBIx::Class::ResultSet/find>,
415 L<DBIx::Class::ResultSet/create> or L<DBIx::Class::ResultSet/insert>
418 Creating a row object using L<DBIx::Class::ResultSet/new>, or calling
419 L</delete> on one, sets it to false.
424 my ($self, $val) = @_;
425 $self->{_in_storage} = $val if @_ > 1;
426 return $self->{_in_storage};
431 $row->update(\%columns?)
435 =item Arguments: none or a hashref
437 =item Returns: The Row object
441 Throws an exception if the row object is not yet in the database,
442 according to L</in_storage>.
444 This method issues an SQL UPDATE query to commit any changes to the
445 object to the database if required.
447 Also takes an optional hashref of C<< column_name => value> >> pairs
448 to update on the object first. Be aware that the hashref will be
449 passed to C<set_inflated_columns>, which might edit it in place, so
450 don't rely on it being the same after a call to C<update>. If you
451 need to preserve the hashref, it is sufficient to pass a shallow copy
452 to C<update>, e.g. ( { %{ $href } } )
454 If the values passed or any of the column values set on the object
455 contain scalar references, eg:
457 $row->last_modified(\'NOW()');
459 $row->update({ last_modified => \'NOW()' });
461 The update will pass the values verbatim into SQL. (See
462 L<SQL::Abstract> docs). The values in your Row object will NOT change
463 as a result of the update call, if you want the object to be updated
464 with the actual values from the database, call L</discard_changes>
467 $row->update()->discard_changes();
469 To determine before calling this method, which column values have
470 changed and will be updated, call L</get_dirty_columns>.
472 To check if any columns will be updated, call L</is_changed>.
474 To force a column to be updated, call L</make_column_dirty> before
480 my ($self, $upd) = @_;
481 $self->throw_exception( "Not in database" ) unless $self->in_storage;
482 my $ident_cond = $self->ident_condition;
483 $self->throw_exception("Cannot safely update a row in a PK-less table")
484 if ! keys %$ident_cond;
486 $self->set_inflated_columns($upd) if $upd;
487 my %to_update = $self->get_dirty_columns;
488 return $self unless keys %to_update;
489 my $rows = $self->result_source->storage->update(
490 $self->result_source, \%to_update,
491 $self->{_orig_ident} || $ident_cond
494 $self->throw_exception( "Can't update ${self}: row not found" );
495 } elsif ($rows > 1) {
496 $self->throw_exception("Can't update ${self}: updated more than one row");
498 $self->{_dirty_columns} = {};
499 $self->{related_resultsets} = {};
500 undef $self->{_orig_ident};
510 =item Arguments: none
512 =item Returns: The Row object
516 Throws an exception if the object is not in the database according to
517 L</in_storage>. Runs an SQL DELETE statement using the primary key
518 values to locate the row.
520 The object is still perfectly usable, but L</in_storage> will
521 now return 0 and the object must be reinserted using L</insert>
522 before it can be used to L</update> the row again.
524 If you delete an object in a class with a C<has_many> relationship, an
525 attempt is made to delete all the related objects as well. To turn
526 this behaviour off, pass C<< cascade_delete => 0 >> in the C<$attr>
527 hashref of the relationship, see L<DBIx::Class::Relationship>. Any
528 database-level cascade or restrict will take precedence over a
529 DBIx-Class-based cascading delete.
531 If you delete an object within a txn_do() (see L<DBIx::Class::Storage/txn_do>)
532 and the transaction subsequently fails, the row object will remain marked as
533 not being in storage. If you know for a fact that the object is still in
534 storage (i.e. by inspecting the cause of the transaction's failure), you can
535 use C<< $obj->in_storage(1) >> to restore consistency between the object and
536 the database. This would allow a subsequent C<< $obj->delete >> to work
539 See also L<DBIx::Class::ResultSet/delete>.
546 $self->throw_exception( "Not in database" ) unless $self->in_storage;
547 my $ident_cond = $self->{_orig_ident} || $self->ident_condition;
548 $self->throw_exception("Cannot safely delete a row in a PK-less table")
549 if ! keys %$ident_cond;
550 foreach my $column (keys %$ident_cond) {
551 $self->throw_exception("Can't delete the object unless it has loaded the primary keys")
552 unless exists $self->{_column_data}{$column};
554 $self->result_source->storage->delete(
555 $self->result_source, $ident_cond);
556 $self->in_storage(undef);
558 $self->throw_exception("Can't do class delete without a ResultSource instance")
559 unless $self->can('result_source_instance');
560 my $attrs = @_ > 1 && ref $_[$#_] eq 'HASH' ? { %{pop(@_)} } : {};
561 my $query = ref $_[0] eq 'HASH' ? $_[0] : {@_};
562 $self->result_source_instance->resultset->search(@_)->delete;
569 my $val = $row->get_column($col);
573 =item Arguments: $columnname
575 =item Returns: The value of the column
579 Throws an exception if the column name given doesn't exist according
582 Returns a raw column value from the row object, if it has already
583 been fetched from the database or set by an accessor.
585 If an L<inflated value|DBIx::Class::InflateColumn> has been set, it
586 will be deflated and returned.
588 Note that if you used the C<columns> or the C<select/as>
589 L<search attributes|DBIx::Class::ResultSet/ATTRIBUTES> on the resultset from
590 which C<$row> was derived, and B<did not include> C<$columnname> in the list,
591 this method will return C<undef> even if the database contains some value.
593 To retrieve all loaded column values as a hash, use L</get_columns>.
598 my ($self, $column) = @_;
599 $self->throw_exception( "Can't fetch data as class method" ) unless ref $self;
600 return $self->{_column_data}{$column} if exists $self->{_column_data}{$column};
601 if (exists $self->{_inflated_column}{$column}) {
602 return $self->store_column($column,
603 $self->_deflated_column($column, $self->{_inflated_column}{$column}));
605 $self->throw_exception( "No such column '${column}'" ) unless $self->has_column($column);
609 =head2 has_column_loaded
611 if ( $row->has_column_loaded($col) ) {
612 print "$col has been loaded from db";
617 =item Arguments: $columnname
623 Returns a true value if the column value has been loaded from the
624 database (or set locally).
628 sub has_column_loaded {
629 my ($self, $column) = @_;
630 $self->throw_exception( "Can't call has_column data as class method" ) unless ref $self;
631 return 1 if exists $self->{_inflated_column}{$column};
632 return exists $self->{_column_data}{$column};
637 my %data = $row->get_columns;
641 =item Arguments: none
643 =item Returns: A hash of columnname, value pairs.
647 Returns all loaded column data as a hash, containing raw values. To
648 get just one value for a particular column, use L</get_column>.
654 if (exists $self->{_inflated_column}) {
655 foreach my $col (keys %{$self->{_inflated_column}}) {
656 $self->store_column($col, $self->_deflated_column($col, $self->{_inflated_column}{$col}))
657 unless exists $self->{_column_data}{$col};
660 return %{$self->{_column_data}};
663 =head2 get_dirty_columns
665 my %data = $row->get_dirty_columns;
669 =item Arguments: none
671 =item Returns: A hash of column, value pairs
675 Only returns the column, value pairs for those columns that have been
676 changed on this object since the last L</update> or L</insert> call.
678 See L</get_columns> to fetch all column/value pairs.
682 sub get_dirty_columns {
684 return map { $_ => $self->{_column_data}{$_} }
685 keys %{$self->{_dirty_columns}};
688 =head2 make_column_dirty
690 $row->make_column_dirty($col)
694 =item Arguments: $columnname
696 =item Returns: undefined
700 Throws an exception if the column does not exist.
702 Marks a column as having been changed regardless of whether it has
706 sub make_column_dirty {
707 my ($self, $column) = @_;
709 $self->throw_exception( "No such column '${column}'" )
710 unless exists $self->{_column_data}{$column} || $self->has_column($column);
711 $self->{_dirty_columns}{$column} = 1;
714 =head2 get_inflated_columns
716 my %inflated_data = $obj->get_inflated_columns;
720 =item Arguments: none
722 =item Returns: A hash of column, object|value pairs
726 Returns a hash of all column keys and associated values. Values for any
727 columns set to use inflation will be inflated and returns as objects.
729 See L</get_columns> to get the uninflated values.
731 See L<DBIx::Class::InflateColumn> for how to setup inflation.
735 sub get_inflated_columns {
738 my $accessor = $self->column_info($_)->{'accessor'} || $_;
739 ($_ => $self->$accessor);
740 } grep $self->has_column_loaded($_), $self->columns;
745 $row->set_column($col => $val);
749 =item Arguments: $columnname, $value
751 =item Returns: $value
755 Sets a raw column value. If the new value is different from the old one,
756 the column is marked as dirty for when you next call L</update>.
758 If passed an object or reference as a value, this method will happily
759 attempt to store it, and a later L</insert> or L</update> will try and
760 stringify/numify as appropriate. To set an object to be deflated
761 instead, see L</set_inflated_columns>.
766 my ($self, $column, $new_value) = @_;
768 $self->{_orig_ident} ||= $self->ident_condition;
769 my $old_value = $self->get_column($column);
771 $self->store_column($column, $new_value);
774 if (defined $old_value xor defined $new_value) {
777 elsif (not defined $old_value) { # both undef
780 elsif ($old_value eq $new_value) {
783 else { # do a numeric comparison if datatype allows it
784 my $colinfo = $self->column_info ($column);
787 if (not defined $colinfo->{is_numeric}) {
788 $colinfo->{is_numeric} =
789 $self->result_source->schema->storage->is_datatype_numeric ($colinfo->{data_type})
795 if ($colinfo->{is_numeric}) {
796 $dirty = $old_value <=> $new_value;
803 # sadly the update code just checks for keys, not for their value
804 $self->{_dirty_columns}{$column} = 1 if $dirty;
806 # XXX clear out the relation cache for this column
807 delete $self->{related_resultsets}{$column};
814 $row->set_columns({ $col => $val, ... });
818 =item Arguments: \%columndata
820 =item Returns: The Row object
824 Sets multiple column, raw value pairs at once.
826 Works as L</set_column>.
831 my ($self,$data) = @_;
832 foreach my $col (keys %$data) {
833 $self->set_column($col,$data->{$col});
838 =head2 set_inflated_columns
840 $row->set_inflated_columns({ $col => $val, $relname => $obj, ... });
844 =item Arguments: \%columndata
846 =item Returns: The Row object
850 Sets more than one column value at once. Any inflated values are
851 deflated and the raw values stored.
853 Any related values passed as Row objects, using the relation name as a
854 key, are reduced to the appropriate foreign key values and stored. If
855 instead of related row objects, a hashref of column, value data is
856 passed, will create the related object first then store.
858 Will even accept arrayrefs of data as a value to a
859 L<DBIx::Class::Relationship/has_many> key, and create the related
860 objects if necessary.
862 Be aware that the input hashref might be edited in place, so dont rely
863 on it being the same after a call to C<set_inflated_columns>. If you
864 need to preserve the hashref, it is sufficient to pass a shallow copy
865 to C<set_inflated_columns>, e.g. ( { %{ $href } } )
867 See also L<DBIx::Class::Relationship::Base/set_from_related>.
871 sub set_inflated_columns {
872 my ( $self, $upd ) = @_;
873 foreach my $key (keys %$upd) {
874 if (ref $upd->{$key}) {
875 my $info = $self->relationship_info($key);
876 if ($info && $info->{attrs}{accessor}
877 && $info->{attrs}{accessor} eq 'single')
879 my $rel = delete $upd->{$key};
880 $self->set_from_related($key => $rel);
881 $self->{_relationship_data}{$key} = $rel;
882 } elsif ($info && $info->{attrs}{accessor}
883 && $info->{attrs}{accessor} eq 'multi') {
884 $self->throw_exception(
885 "Recursive update is not supported over relationships of type multi ($key)"
888 elsif ($self->has_column($key)
889 && exists $self->column_info($key)->{_inflate_info})
891 $self->set_inflated_column($key, delete $upd->{$key});
895 $self->set_columns($upd);
900 my $copy = $orig->copy({ change => $to, ... });
904 =item Arguments: \%replacementdata
906 =item Returns: The Row object copy
910 Inserts a new row into the database, as a copy of the original
911 object. If a hashref of replacement data is supplied, these will take
912 precedence over data in the original.
914 Relationships will be followed by the copy procedure B<only> if the
915 relationship specifes a true value for its
916 L<cascade_copy|DBIx::Class::Relationship::Base> attribute. C<cascade_copy>
917 is set by default on C<has_many> relationships and unset on all others.
922 my ($self, $changes) = @_;
924 my $col_data = { %{$self->{_column_data}} };
925 foreach my $col (keys %$col_data) {
926 delete $col_data->{$col}
927 if $self->result_source->column_info($col)->{is_auto_increment};
930 my $new = { _column_data => $col_data };
931 bless $new, ref $self;
933 $new->result_source($self->result_source);
934 $new->set_inflated_columns($changes);
937 # Its possible we'll have 2 relations to the same Source. We need to make
938 # sure we don't try to insert the same row twice esle we'll violate unique
940 my $rels_copied = {};
942 foreach my $rel ($self->result_source->relationships) {
943 my $rel_info = $self->result_source->relationship_info($rel);
945 next unless $rel_info->{attrs}{cascade_copy};
947 my $resolved = $self->result_source->_resolve_condition(
948 $rel_info->{cond}, $rel, $new
951 my $copied = $rels_copied->{ $rel_info->{source} } ||= {};
952 foreach my $related ($self->search_related($rel)) {
953 my $id_str = join("\0", $related->id);
954 next if $copied->{$id_str};
955 $copied->{$id_str} = 1;
956 my $rel_copy = $related->copy($resolved);
965 $row->store_column($col => $val);
969 =item Arguments: $columnname, $value
971 =item Returns: The value sent to storage
975 Set a raw value for a column without marking it as changed. This
976 method is used internally by L</set_column> which you should probably
979 This is the lowest level at which data is set on a row object,
980 extend this method to catch all data setting methods.
985 my ($self, $column, $value) = @_;
986 $self->throw_exception( "No such column '${column}'" )
987 unless exists $self->{_column_data}{$column} || $self->has_column($column);
988 $self->throw_exception( "set_column called for ${column} without value" )
990 return $self->{_column_data}{$column} = $value;
993 =head2 inflate_result
995 Class->inflate_result($result_source, \%me, \%prefetch?)
999 =item Arguments: $result_source, \%columndata, \%prefetcheddata
1001 =item Returns: A Row object
1005 All L<DBIx::Class::ResultSet> methods that retrieve data from the
1006 database and turn it into row objects call this method.
1008 Extend this method in your Result classes to hook into this process,
1009 for example to rebless the result into a different class.
1011 Reblessing can also be done more easily by setting C<result_class> in
1012 your Result class. See L<DBIx::Class::ResultSource/result_class>.
1014 Different types of results can also be created from a particular
1015 L<DBIx::Class::ResultSet>, see L<DBIx::Class::ResultSet/result_class>.
1019 sub inflate_result {
1020 my ($class, $source, $me, $prefetch) = @_;
1022 my ($source_handle) = $source;
1024 if ($source->isa('DBIx::Class::ResultSourceHandle')) {
1025 $source = $source_handle->resolve
1027 $source_handle = $source->handle
1031 _source_handle => $source_handle,
1032 _column_data => $me,
1035 bless $new, (ref $class || $class);
1038 foreach my $pre (keys %{$prefetch||{}}) {
1039 my $pre_val = $prefetch->{$pre};
1040 my $pre_source = $source->related_source($pre);
1041 $class->throw_exception("Can't prefetch non-existent relationship ${pre}")
1043 if (ref($pre_val->[0]) eq 'ARRAY') { # multi
1045 foreach my $pre_rec (@$pre_val) {
1046 unless ($pre_source->primary_columns == grep { exists $pre_rec->[0]{$_}
1047 and defined $pre_rec->[0]{$_} } $pre_source->primary_columns) {
1050 push(@pre_objects, $pre_source->result_class->inflate_result(
1051 $pre_source, @{$pre_rec}));
1053 $new->related_resultset($pre)->set_cache(\@pre_objects);
1054 } elsif (defined $pre_val->[0]) {
1056 unless ($pre_source->primary_columns == grep { exists $pre_val->[0]{$_}
1057 and !defined $pre_val->[0]{$_} } $pre_source->primary_columns)
1059 $fetched = $pre_source->result_class->inflate_result(
1060 $pre_source, @{$pre_val});
1062 my $accessor = $source->relationship_info($pre)->{attrs}{accessor};
1063 $class->throw_exception("No accessor for prefetched $pre")
1064 unless defined $accessor;
1065 if ($accessor eq 'single') {
1066 $new->{_relationship_data}{$pre} = $fetched;
1067 } elsif ($accessor eq 'filter') {
1068 $new->{_inflated_column}{$pre} = $fetched;
1070 $class->throw_exception("Prefetch not supported with accessor '$accessor'");
1072 $new->related_resultset($pre)->set_cache([ $fetched ]);
1078 =head2 update_or_insert
1080 $row->update_or_insert
1084 =item Arguments: none
1086 =item Returns: Result of update or insert operation
1090 L</Update>s the object if it's already in the database, according to
1091 L</in_storage>, else L</insert>s it.
1093 =head2 insert_or_update
1095 $obj->insert_or_update
1097 Alias for L</update_or_insert>
1101 sub insert_or_update { shift->update_or_insert(@_) }
1103 sub update_or_insert {
1105 return ($self->in_storage ? $self->update : $self->insert);
1110 my @changed_col_names = $row->is_changed();
1111 if ($row->is_changed()) { ... }
1115 =item Arguments: none
1117 =item Returns: 0|1 or @columnnames
1121 In list context returns a list of columns with uncommited changes, or
1122 in scalar context returns a true value if there are uncommitted
1128 return keys %{shift->{_dirty_columns} || {}};
1131 =head2 is_column_changed
1133 if ($row->is_column_changed('col')) { ... }
1137 =item Arguments: $columname
1143 Returns a true value if the column has uncommitted changes.
1147 sub is_column_changed {
1148 my( $self, $col ) = @_;
1149 return exists $self->{_dirty_columns}->{$col};
1152 =head2 result_source
1154 my $resultsource = $row->result_source;
1158 =item Arguments: none
1160 =item Returns: a ResultSource instance
1164 Accessor to the L<DBIx::Class::ResultSource> this object was created from.
1172 $self->_source_handle($_[0]->handle);
1174 $self->_source_handle->resolve;
1178 =head2 register_column
1180 $column_info = { .... };
1181 $class->register_column($column_name, $column_info);
1185 =item Arguments: $columnname, \%columninfo
1187 =item Returns: undefined
1191 Registers a column on the class. If the column_info has an 'accessor'
1192 key, creates an accessor named after the value if defined; if there is
1193 no such key, creates an accessor with the same name as the column
1195 The column_info attributes are described in
1196 L<DBIx::Class::ResultSource/add_columns>
1200 sub register_column {
1201 my ($class, $col, $info) = @_;
1203 if (exists $info->{accessor}) {
1204 return unless defined $info->{accessor};
1205 $acc = [ $info->{accessor}, $col ];
1207 $class->mk_group_accessors('column' => $acc);
1210 =head2 get_from_storage
1212 my $copy = $row->get_from_storage($attrs)
1216 =item Arguments: \%attrs
1218 =item Returns: A Row object
1222 Fetches a fresh copy of the Row object from the database and returns it.
1224 If passed the \%attrs argument, will first apply these attributes to
1225 the resultset used to find the row.
1227 This copy can then be used to compare to an existing row object, to
1228 determine if any changes have been made in the database since it was
1231 To just update your Row object with any latest changes from the
1232 database, use L</discard_changes> instead.
1234 The \%attrs argument should be compatible with
1235 L<DBIx::Class::ResultSet/ATTRIBUTES>.
1239 sub get_from_storage {
1240 my $self = shift @_;
1241 my $attrs = shift @_;
1242 my $resultset = $self->result_source->resultset;
1244 if(defined $attrs) {
1245 $resultset = $resultset->search(undef, $attrs);
1248 return $resultset->find($self->{_orig_ident} || $self->ident_condition);
1251 =head2 throw_exception
1253 See L<DBIx::Class::Schema/throw_exception>.
1257 sub throw_exception {
1259 if (ref $self && ref $self->result_source && $self->result_source->schema) {
1260 $self->result_source->schema->throw_exception(@_);
1272 =item Arguments: none
1274 =item Returns: A list of primary key values
1278 Returns the primary key(s) for a row. Can't be called as a class method.
1279 Actually implemented in L<DBIx::Class::PK>
1281 =head2 discard_changes
1283 $row->discard_changes
1287 =item Arguments: none
1289 =item Returns: nothing (updates object in-place)
1293 Retrieves and sets the row object data from the database, losing any
1296 This method can also be used to refresh from storage, retrieving any
1297 changes made since the row was last read from storage. Actually
1298 implemented in L<DBIx::Class::PK>
1306 Matt S. Trout <mst@shadowcatsystems.co.uk>
1310 You may distribute this code under the same terms as Perl itself.