2 package Class::MOP::Class;
7 use Class::MOP::Immutable;
8 use Class::MOP::Instance;
9 use Class::MOP::Method::Wrapped;
12 use Scalar::Util 'blessed', 'weaken';
14 our $VERSION = '0.65';
15 $VERSION = eval $VERSION;
16 our $AUTHORITY = 'cpan:STEVAN';
18 use base 'Class::MOP::Module';
28 $package_name = shift;
31 $package_name = $options{package};
34 (defined $package_name && $package_name && !ref($package_name))
35 || confess "You must pass a package name and it cannot be blessed";
37 return Class::MOP::get_metaclass_by_name($package_name)
38 || $class->construct_class_instance(package => $package_name, @_);
41 # NOTE: (meta-circularity)
42 # this is a special form of &construct_instance
43 # (see below), which is used to construct class
44 # meta-object instances for any Class::MOP::*
45 # class. All other classes will use the more
46 # normal &construct_instance.
47 sub construct_class_instance {
49 my $options = @_ == 1 ? $_[0] : {@_};
50 my $package_name = $options->{package};
51 (defined $package_name && $package_name)
52 || confess "You must pass a package name";
54 # return the metaclass if we have it cached,
55 # and it is still defined (it has not been
56 # reaped by DESTROY yet, which can happen
57 # annoyingly enough during global destruction)
59 if (defined(my $meta = Class::MOP::get_metaclass_by_name($package_name))) {
64 # we need to deal with the possibility
65 # of class immutability here, and then
66 # get the name of the class appropriately
68 ? ($class->is_immutable
69 ? $class->get_mutable_metaclass_name()
73 # now create the metaclass
75 if ($class eq 'Class::MOP::Class') {
77 $meta = $class->_new($options)
81 # it is safe to use meta here because
82 # class will always be a subclass of
83 # Class::MOP::Class, which defines meta
84 $meta = $class->meta->construct_instance($options)
87 # and check the metaclass compatibility
88 $meta->check_metaclass_compatability();
90 Class::MOP::store_metaclass_by_name($package_name, $meta);
93 # we need to weaken any anon classes
94 # so that they can call DESTROY properly
95 Class::MOP::weaken_metaclass($package_name) if $meta->is_anon_class;
102 my $options = @_ == 1 ? $_[0] : {@_};
105 # inherited from Class::MOP::Package
106 'package' => $options->{package},
109 # since the following attributes will
110 # actually be loaded from the symbol
111 # table, and actually bypass the instance
112 # entirely, we can just leave these things
113 # listed here for reference, because they
114 # should not actually have a value associated
116 'namespace' => \undef,
117 # inherited from Class::MOP::Module
119 'authority' => \undef,
120 # defined in Class::MOP::Class
121 'superclasses' => \undef,
125 'attribute_metaclass' => $options->{'attribute_metaclass'} || 'Class::MOP::Attribute',
126 'method_metaclass' => $options->{'method_metaclass'} || 'Class::MOP::Method',
127 'instance_metaclass' => $options->{'instance_metaclass'} || 'Class::MOP::Instance',
131 sub reset_package_cache_flag { (shift)->{'_package_cache_flag'} = undef }
132 sub update_package_cache_flag {
135 # we can manually update the cache number
136 # since we are actually adding the method
137 # to our cache as well. This avoids us
138 # having to regenerate the method_map.
140 $self->{'_package_cache_flag'} = Class::MOP::check_package_cache_flag($self->name);
143 sub check_metaclass_compatability {
146 # this is always okay ...
147 return if ref($self) eq 'Class::MOP::Class' &&
148 $self->instance_metaclass eq 'Class::MOP::Instance';
150 my @class_list = $self->linearized_isa;
151 shift @class_list; # shift off $self->name
153 foreach my $class_name (@class_list) {
154 my $meta = Class::MOP::get_metaclass_by_name($class_name) || next;
157 # we need to deal with the possibility
158 # of class immutability here, and then
159 # get the name of the class appropriately
160 my $meta_type = ($meta->is_immutable
161 ? $meta->get_mutable_metaclass_name()
164 ($self->isa($meta_type))
165 || confess $self->name . "->meta => (" . (ref($self)) . ")" .
166 " is not compatible with the " .
167 $class_name . "->meta => (" . ($meta_type) . ")";
169 # we also need to check that instance metaclasses
170 # are compatabile in the same the class.
171 ($self->instance_metaclass->isa($meta->instance_metaclass))
172 || confess $self->name . "->meta->instance_metaclass => (" . ($self->instance_metaclass) . ")" .
173 " is not compatible with the " .
174 $class_name . "->meta->instance_metaclass => (" . ($meta->instance_metaclass) . ")";
182 # this should be sufficient, if you have a
183 # use case where it is not, write a test and
185 my $ANON_CLASS_SERIAL = 0;
188 # we need a sufficiently annoying prefix
189 # this should suffice for now, this is
190 # used in a couple of places below, so
191 # need to put it up here for now.
192 my $ANON_CLASS_PREFIX = 'Class::MOP::Class::__ANON__::SERIAL::';
196 no warnings 'uninitialized';
197 $self->name =~ /^$ANON_CLASS_PREFIX/;
200 sub create_anon_class {
201 my ($class, %options) = @_;
202 my $package_name = $ANON_CLASS_PREFIX . ++$ANON_CLASS_SERIAL;
203 return $class->create($package_name, %options);
207 # this will only get called for
208 # anon-classes, all other calls
209 # are assumed to occur during
210 # global destruction and so don't
211 # really need to be handled explicitly
215 return if Class::MOP::in_global_destruction(); # it'll happen soon anyway and this just makes things more complicated
217 no warnings 'uninitialized';
218 return unless $self->name =~ /^$ANON_CLASS_PREFIX/;
219 my ($serial_id) = ($self->name =~ /^$ANON_CLASS_PREFIX(\d+)/);
221 foreach my $key (keys %{$ANON_CLASS_PREFIX . $serial_id}) {
222 delete ${$ANON_CLASS_PREFIX . $serial_id}{$key};
224 delete ${'main::' . $ANON_CLASS_PREFIX}{$serial_id . '::'};
229 # creating classes with MOP ...
232 my ( $class, @args ) = @_;
234 unshift @args, 'package' if @args % 2 == 1;
236 my (%options) = @args;
237 my $package_name = $options{package};
239 (defined $package_name && $package_name)
240 || confess "You must pass a package name";
242 (ref $options{superclasses} eq 'ARRAY')
243 || confess "You must pass an ARRAY ref of superclasses"
244 if exists $options{superclasses};
246 (ref $options{attributes} eq 'ARRAY')
247 || confess "You must pass an ARRAY ref of attributes"
248 if exists $options{attributes};
250 (ref $options{methods} eq 'HASH')
251 || confess "You must pass an HASH ref of methods"
252 if exists $options{methods};
254 my $code = "package $package_name;";
255 $code .= "\$$package_name\:\:VERSION = '" . $options{version} . "';"
256 if exists $options{version};
257 $code .= "\$$package_name\:\:AUTHORITY = '" . $options{authority} . "';"
258 if exists $options{authority};
261 confess "creation of $package_name failed : $@" if $@;
263 my $meta = $class->initialize($package_name);
266 $meta->add_method('meta' => sub {
267 $class->initialize(ref($_[0]) || $_[0]);
270 $meta->superclasses(@{$options{superclasses}})
271 if exists $options{superclasses};
273 # process attributes first, so that they can
274 # install accessors, but locally defined methods
275 # can then overwrite them. It is maybe a little odd, but
276 # I think this should be the order of things.
277 if (exists $options{attributes}) {
278 foreach my $attr (@{$options{attributes}}) {
279 $meta->add_attribute($attr);
282 if (exists $options{methods}) {
283 foreach my $method_name (keys %{$options{methods}}) {
284 $meta->add_method($method_name, $options{methods}->{$method_name});
293 # all these attribute readers will be bootstrapped
294 # away in the Class::MOP bootstrap section
296 sub get_attribute_map { $_[0]->{'attributes'} }
297 sub attribute_metaclass { $_[0]->{'attribute_metaclass'} }
298 sub method_metaclass { $_[0]->{'method_metaclass'} }
299 sub instance_metaclass { $_[0]->{'instance_metaclass'} }
302 # this is a prime canidate for conversion to XS
306 my $current = Class::MOP::check_package_cache_flag($self->name);
308 if (defined $self->{'_package_cache_flag'} && $self->{'_package_cache_flag'} == $current) {
309 return $self->{'methods'} ||= {};
312 $self->{_package_cache_flag} = $current;
314 my $map = $self->{'methods'} ||= {};
316 my $class_name = $self->name;
317 my $method_metaclass = $self->method_metaclass;
319 my %all_code = $self->get_all_package_symbols('CODE');
321 foreach my $symbol (keys %all_code) {
322 my $code = $all_code{$symbol};
324 next if exists $map->{$symbol} &&
325 defined $map->{$symbol} &&
326 $map->{$symbol}->body == $code;
328 my ($pkg, $name) = Class::MOP::get_code_info($code);
331 # in 5.10 constant.pm the constants show up
332 # as being in the right package, but in pre-5.10
333 # they show up as constant::__ANON__ so we
334 # make an exception here to be sure that things
335 # work as expected in both.
337 unless ($pkg eq 'constant' && $name eq '__ANON__') {
338 next if ($pkg || '') ne $class_name ||
339 (($name || '') ne '__ANON__' && ($pkg || '') ne $class_name);
342 $map->{$symbol} = $method_metaclass->wrap(
344 associated_metaclass => $self,
345 package_name => $class_name,
353 # Instance Construction & Cloning
359 # we need to protect the integrity of the
360 # Class::MOP::Class singletons here, so we
361 # delegate this to &construct_class_instance
362 # which will deal with the singletons
363 return $class->construct_class_instance(@_)
364 if $class->name->isa('Class::MOP::Class');
365 return $class->construct_instance(@_);
368 sub construct_instance {
370 my $params = @_ == 1 ? $_[0] : {@_};
371 my $meta_instance = $class->get_meta_instance();
372 my $instance = $meta_instance->create_instance();
373 foreach my $attr ($class->compute_all_applicable_attributes()) {
374 $attr->initialize_instance_slot($meta_instance, $instance, $params);
377 # this will only work for a HASH instance type
378 if ($class->is_anon_class) {
379 (Scalar::Util::reftype($instance) eq 'HASH')
380 || confess "Currently only HASH based instances are supported with instance of anon-classes";
382 # At some point we should make this official
383 # as a reserved slot name, but right now I am
384 # going to keep it here.
385 # my $RESERVED_MOP_SLOT = '__MOP__';
386 $instance->{'__MOP__'} = $class;
392 sub get_meta_instance {
394 $self->{'_meta_instance'} ||= $self->create_meta_instance();
397 sub create_meta_instance {
400 my $instance = $self->instance_metaclass->new(
401 associated_metaclass => $self,
402 attributes => [ $self->compute_all_applicable_attributes() ],
405 $self->add_meta_instance_dependencies()
406 if $instance->is_dependent_on_superclasses();
413 my $instance = shift;
414 (blessed($instance) && $instance->isa($class->name))
415 || confess "You must pass an instance of the metaclass (" . (ref $class ? $class->name : $class) . "), not ($instance)";
418 # we need to protect the integrity of the
419 # Class::MOP::Class singletons here, they
420 # should not be cloned.
421 return $instance if $instance->isa('Class::MOP::Class');
422 $class->clone_instance($instance, @_);
426 my ($class, $instance, %params) = @_;
428 || confess "You can only clone instances, ($instance) is not a blessed instance";
429 my $meta_instance = $class->get_meta_instance();
430 my $clone = $meta_instance->clone_instance($instance);
431 foreach my $attr ($class->compute_all_applicable_attributes()) {
432 if ( defined( my $init_arg = $attr->init_arg ) ) {
433 if (exists $params{$init_arg}) {
434 $attr->set_value($clone, $params{$init_arg});
441 sub rebless_instance {
442 my ($self, $instance, %params) = @_;
445 if ($instance->can('meta')) {
446 ($instance->meta->isa('Class::MOP::Class'))
447 || confess 'Cannot rebless instance if ->meta is not an instance of Class::MOP::Class';
448 $old_metaclass = $instance->meta;
451 $old_metaclass = $self->initialize(ref($instance));
454 my $meta_instance = $self->get_meta_instance();
456 $self->name->isa($old_metaclass->name)
457 || confess "You may rebless only into a subclass of (". $old_metaclass->name ."), of which (". $self->name .") isn't.";
460 $meta_instance->rebless_instance_structure($instance, $self);
462 foreach my $attr ( $self->compute_all_applicable_attributes ) {
463 if ( $attr->has_value($instance) ) {
464 if ( defined( my $init_arg = $attr->init_arg ) ) {
465 $params{$init_arg} = $attr->get_value($instance)
466 unless exists $params{$init_arg};
469 $attr->set_value($instance, $attr->get_value($instance));
474 foreach my $attr ($self->compute_all_applicable_attributes) {
475 $attr->initialize_instance_slot($meta_instance, $instance, \%params);
485 my $var_spec = { sigil => '@', type => 'ARRAY', name => 'ISA' };
488 @{$self->get_package_symbol($var_spec)} = @supers;
490 # we need to check the metaclass
491 # compatibility here so that we can
492 # be sure that the superclass is
493 # not potentially creating an issues
494 # we don't know about
495 $self->check_metaclass_compatability();
496 $self->update_meta_instance_dependencies();
498 @{$self->get_package_symbol($var_spec)};
504 my $super_class = $self->name;
506 if ( Class::MOP::HAVE_ISAREV() ) {
507 return @{ $super_class->mro::get_isarev() };
511 my $find_derived_classes;
512 $find_derived_classes = sub {
513 my ($outer_class) = @_;
515 my $symbol_table_hashref = do { no strict 'refs'; \%{"${outer_class}::"} };
518 for my $symbol ( keys %$symbol_table_hashref ) {
519 next SYMBOL if $symbol !~ /\A (\w+):: \z/x;
520 my $inner_class = $1;
522 next SYMBOL if $inner_class eq 'SUPER'; # skip '*::SUPER'
526 ? "${outer_class}::$inner_class"
529 if ( $class->isa($super_class) and $class ne $super_class ) {
530 push @derived_classes, $class;
533 next SYMBOL if $class eq 'main'; # skip 'main::*'
535 $find_derived_classes->($class);
539 my $root_class = q{};
540 $find_derived_classes->($root_class);
542 undef $find_derived_classes;
544 @derived_classes = sort { $a->isa($b) ? 1 : $b->isa($a) ? -1 : 0 } @derived_classes;
546 return @derived_classes;
552 return @{ mro::get_linear_isa( (shift)->name ) };
555 sub class_precedence_list {
557 my $name = $self->name;
559 unless (Class::MOP::IS_RUNNING_ON_5_10()) {
561 # We need to check for circular inheritance here
562 # if we are are not on 5.10, cause 5.8 detects it
563 # late. This will do nothing if all is well, and
564 # blow up otherwise. Yes, it's an ugly hack, better
565 # suggestions are welcome.
567 ($name || return)->isa('This is a test for circular inheritance')
570 # if our mro is c3, we can
571 # just grab the linear_isa
572 if (mro::get_mro($name) eq 'c3') {
573 return @{ mro::get_linear_isa($name) }
577 # we can't grab the linear_isa for dfs
578 # since it has all the duplicates
583 $self->initialize($_)->class_precedence_list()
584 } $self->superclasses()
591 sub wrap_method_body {
592 my ( $self, %args ) = @_;
594 ('CODE' eq ref $args{body})
595 || confess "Your code block must be a CODE reference";
597 $self->method_metaclass->wrap(
598 package_name => $self->name,
604 my ($self, $method_name, $method) = @_;
605 (defined $method_name && $method_name)
606 || confess "You must define a method name";
609 if (blessed($method)) {
610 $body = $method->body;
611 if ($method->package_name ne $self->name) {
612 $method = $method->clone(
613 package_name => $self->name,
615 ) if $method->can('clone');
620 $method = $self->wrap_method_body( body => $body, name => $method_name );
623 $method->attach_to_class($self);
625 $self->get_method_map->{$method_name} = $method;
627 my $full_method_name = ($self->name . '::' . $method_name);
628 $self->add_package_symbol(
629 { sigil => '&', type => 'CODE', name => $method_name },
630 Class::MOP::subname($full_method_name => $body)
633 $self->update_package_cache_flag; # still valid, since we just added the method to the map, and if it was invalid before that then get_method_map updated it
637 my $fetch_and_prepare_method = sub {
638 my ($self, $method_name) = @_;
640 my $method = $self->get_method($method_name);
641 # if we dont have local ...
643 # try to find the next method
644 $method = $self->find_next_method_by_name($method_name);
645 # die if it does not exist
647 || confess "The method '$method_name' is not found in the inheritance hierarchy for class " . $self->name;
648 # and now make sure to wrap it
649 # even if it is already wrapped
650 # because we need a new sub ref
651 $method = Class::MOP::Method::Wrapped->wrap($method);
654 # now make sure we wrap it properly
655 $method = Class::MOP::Method::Wrapped->wrap($method)
656 unless $method->isa('Class::MOP::Method::Wrapped');
658 $self->add_method($method_name => $method);
662 sub add_before_method_modifier {
663 my ($self, $method_name, $method_modifier) = @_;
664 (defined $method_name && $method_name)
665 || confess "You must pass in a method name";
666 my $method = $fetch_and_prepare_method->($self, $method_name);
667 $method->add_before_modifier(
668 Class::MOP::subname(':before' => $method_modifier)
672 sub add_after_method_modifier {
673 my ($self, $method_name, $method_modifier) = @_;
674 (defined $method_name && $method_name)
675 || confess "You must pass in a method name";
676 my $method = $fetch_and_prepare_method->($self, $method_name);
677 $method->add_after_modifier(
678 Class::MOP::subname(':after' => $method_modifier)
682 sub add_around_method_modifier {
683 my ($self, $method_name, $method_modifier) = @_;
684 (defined $method_name && $method_name)
685 || confess "You must pass in a method name";
686 my $method = $fetch_and_prepare_method->($self, $method_name);
687 $method->add_around_modifier(
688 Class::MOP::subname(':around' => $method_modifier)
693 # the methods above used to be named like this:
694 # ${pkg}::${method}:(before|after|around)
695 # but this proved problematic when using one modifier
696 # to wrap multiple methods (something which is likely
697 # to happen pretty regularly IMO). So instead of naming
698 # it like this, I have chosen to just name them purely
699 # with their modifier names, like so:
700 # :(before|after|around)
701 # The fact is that in a stack trace, it will be fairly
702 # evident from the context what method they are attached
703 # to, and so don't need the fully qualified name.
709 $self->add_method(@_);
713 my ($self, $method_name) = @_;
714 (defined $method_name && $method_name)
715 || confess "You must define a method name";
717 exists $self->get_method_map->{$method_name};
721 my ($self, $method_name) = @_;
722 (defined $method_name && $method_name)
723 || confess "You must define a method name";
726 # I don't really need this here, because
727 # if the method_map is missing a key it
728 # will just return undef for me now
729 # return unless $self->has_method($method_name);
731 return $self->get_method_map->{$method_name};
735 my ($self, $method_name) = @_;
736 (defined $method_name && $method_name)
737 || confess "You must define a method name";
739 my $removed_method = delete $self->get_method_map->{$method_name};
741 $self->remove_package_symbol(
742 { sigil => '&', type => 'CODE', name => $method_name }
745 $removed_method->detach_from_class if $removed_method;
747 $self->update_package_cache_flag; # still valid, since we just removed the method from the map
749 return $removed_method;
752 sub get_method_list {
754 keys %{$self->get_method_map};
757 sub find_method_by_name {
758 my ($self, $method_name) = @_;
759 (defined $method_name && $method_name)
760 || confess "You must define a method name to find";
761 foreach my $class ($self->linearized_isa) {
762 # fetch the meta-class ...
763 my $meta = $self->initialize($class);
764 return $meta->get_method($method_name)
765 if $meta->has_method($method_name);
770 sub get_all_methods {
772 my %methods = map { %{ $self->initialize($_)->get_method_map } } reverse $self->linearized_isa;
773 return values %methods;
777 sub compute_all_applicable_methods {
781 class => $_->package_name,
782 code => $_, # sigh, overloading
784 } shift->get_all_methods(@_);
787 sub find_all_methods_by_name {
788 my ($self, $method_name) = @_;
789 (defined $method_name && $method_name)
790 || confess "You must define a method name to find";
792 foreach my $class ($self->linearized_isa) {
793 # fetch the meta-class ...
794 my $meta = $self->initialize($class);
796 name => $method_name,
798 code => $meta->get_method($method_name)
799 } if $meta->has_method($method_name);
804 sub find_next_method_by_name {
805 my ($self, $method_name) = @_;
806 (defined $method_name && $method_name)
807 || confess "You must define a method name to find";
808 my @cpl = $self->linearized_isa;
809 shift @cpl; # discard ourselves
810 foreach my $class (@cpl) {
811 # fetch the meta-class ...
812 my $meta = $self->initialize($class);
813 return $meta->get_method($method_name)
814 if $meta->has_method($method_name);
823 # either we have an attribute object already
824 # or we need to create one from the args provided
825 my $attribute = blessed($_[0]) ? $_[0] : $self->attribute_metaclass->new(@_);
826 # make sure it is derived from the correct type though
827 ($attribute->isa('Class::MOP::Attribute'))
828 || confess "Your attribute must be an instance of Class::MOP::Attribute (or a subclass)";
830 # first we attach our new attribute
831 # because it might need certain information
832 # about the class which it is attached to
833 $attribute->attach_to_class($self);
835 # then we remove attributes of a conflicting
836 # name here so that we can properly detach
837 # the old attr object, and remove any
838 # accessors it would have generated
839 if ( $self->has_attribute($attribute->name) ) {
840 $self->remove_attribute($attribute->name);
842 $self->invalidate_meta_instances();
845 # then onto installing the new accessors
846 $self->get_attribute_map->{$attribute->name} = $attribute;
848 # invalidate package flag here
849 my $e = do { local $@; eval { $attribute->install_accessors() }; $@ };
851 $self->remove_attribute($attribute->name);
858 sub update_meta_instance_dependencies {
861 if ( $self->{meta_instance_dependencies} ) {
862 return $self->add_meta_instance_dependencies;
866 sub add_meta_instance_dependencies {
869 $self->remove_meta_instance_depdendencies;
871 my @attrs = $self->compute_all_applicable_attributes();
874 my @classes = grep { not $seen{$_->name}++ } map { $_->associated_class } @attrs;
876 foreach my $class ( @classes ) {
877 $class->add_dependent_meta_instance($self);
880 $self->{meta_instance_dependencies} = \@classes;
883 sub remove_meta_instance_depdendencies {
886 if ( my $classes = delete $self->{meta_instance_dependencies} ) {
887 foreach my $class ( @$classes ) {
888 $class->remove_dependent_meta_instance($self);
898 sub add_dependent_meta_instance {
899 my ( $self, $metaclass ) = @_;
900 push @{ $self->{dependent_meta_instances} }, $metaclass;
903 sub remove_dependent_meta_instance {
904 my ( $self, $metaclass ) = @_;
905 my $name = $metaclass->name;
906 @$_ = grep { $_->name ne $name } @$_ for $self->{dependent_meta_instances};
909 sub invalidate_meta_instances {
911 $_->invalidate_meta_instance() for $self, @{ $self->{dependent_meta_instances} };
914 sub invalidate_meta_instance {
916 undef $self->{_meta_instance};
920 my ($self, $attribute_name) = @_;
921 (defined $attribute_name && $attribute_name)
922 || confess "You must define an attribute name";
923 exists $self->get_attribute_map->{$attribute_name};
927 my ($self, $attribute_name) = @_;
928 (defined $attribute_name && $attribute_name)
929 || confess "You must define an attribute name";
930 return $self->get_attribute_map->{$attribute_name}
932 # this will return undef anyway, so no need ...
933 # if $self->has_attribute($attribute_name);
937 sub remove_attribute {
938 my ($self, $attribute_name) = @_;
939 (defined $attribute_name && $attribute_name)
940 || confess "You must define an attribute name";
941 my $removed_attribute = $self->get_attribute_map->{$attribute_name};
942 return unless defined $removed_attribute;
943 delete $self->get_attribute_map->{$attribute_name};
944 $self->invalidate_meta_instances();
945 $removed_attribute->remove_accessors();
946 $removed_attribute->detach_from_class();
947 return $removed_attribute;
950 sub get_attribute_list {
952 keys %{$self->get_attribute_map};
955 sub get_all_attributes {
956 shift->compute_all_applicable_attributes(@_);
959 sub compute_all_applicable_attributes {
961 my %attrs = map { %{ $self->initialize($_)->get_attribute_map } } reverse $self->linearized_isa;
962 return values %attrs;
965 sub find_attribute_by_name {
966 my ($self, $attr_name) = @_;
967 foreach my $class ($self->linearized_isa) {
968 # fetch the meta-class ...
969 my $meta = $self->initialize($class);
970 return $meta->get_attribute($attr_name)
971 if $meta->has_attribute($attr_name);
976 # check if we can reinitialize
980 # if any local attr is defined
981 return if $self->get_attribute_list;
983 # or any non-declared methods
984 if ( my @methods = values %{ $self->get_method_map } ) {
985 my $metaclass = $self->method_metaclass;
986 foreach my $method ( @methods ) {
987 return if $method->isa("Class::MOP::Method::Generated");
988 # FIXME do we need to enforce this too? return unless $method->isa($metaclass);
998 sub is_immutable { 0 }
1001 # Why I changed this (groditi)
1002 # - One Metaclass may have many Classes through many Metaclass instances
1003 # - One Metaclass should only have one Immutable Transformer instance
1004 # - Each Class may have different Immutabilizing options
1005 # - Therefore each Metaclass instance may have different Immutabilizing options
1006 # - We need to store one Immutable Transformer instance per Metaclass
1007 # - We need to store one set of Immutable Transformer options per Class
1008 # - Upon make_mutable we may delete the Immutabilizing options
1009 # - We could clean the immutable Transformer instance when there is no more
1010 # immutable Classes of that type, but we can also keep it in case
1011 # another class with this same Metaclass becomes immutable. It is a case
1012 # of trading of storing an instance to avoid unnecessary instantiations of
1013 # Immutable Transformers. You may view this as a memory leak, however
1014 # Because we have few Metaclasses, in practice it seems acceptable
1015 # - To allow Immutable Transformers instances to be cleaned up we could weaken
1016 # the reference stored in $IMMUTABLE_TRANSFORMERS{$class} and ||= should DWIM
1020 my %IMMUTABLE_TRANSFORMERS;
1021 my %IMMUTABLE_OPTIONS;
1023 sub get_immutable_options {
1025 return if $self->is_mutable;
1026 confess "unable to find immutabilizing options"
1027 unless exists $IMMUTABLE_OPTIONS{$self->name};
1028 my %options = %{$IMMUTABLE_OPTIONS{$self->name}};
1029 delete $options{IMMUTABLE_TRANSFORMER};
1033 sub get_immutable_transformer {
1035 if( $self->is_mutable ){
1036 my $class = ref $self || $self;
1037 return $IMMUTABLE_TRANSFORMERS{$class} ||= $self->create_immutable_transformer;
1039 confess "unable to find transformer for immutable class"
1040 unless exists $IMMUTABLE_OPTIONS{$self->name};
1041 return $IMMUTABLE_OPTIONS{$self->name}->{IMMUTABLE_TRANSFORMER};
1044 sub make_immutable {
1048 my $transformer = $self->get_immutable_transformer;
1049 $transformer->make_metaclass_immutable($self, \%options);
1050 $IMMUTABLE_OPTIONS{$self->name} =
1051 { %options, IMMUTABLE_TRANSFORMER => $transformer };
1053 if( exists $options{debug} && $options{debug} ){
1054 print STDERR "# of Metaclass options: ", keys %IMMUTABLE_OPTIONS;
1055 print STDERR "# of Immutable transformers: ", keys %IMMUTABLE_TRANSFORMERS;
1063 return if $self->is_mutable;
1064 my $options = delete $IMMUTABLE_OPTIONS{$self->name};
1065 confess "unable to find immutabilizing options" unless ref $options;
1066 my $transformer = delete $options->{IMMUTABLE_TRANSFORMER};
1067 $transformer->make_metaclass_mutable($self, $options);
1072 sub create_immutable_transformer {
1074 my $class = Class::MOP::Immutable->new($self, {
1075 read_only => [qw/superclasses/],
1082 remove_package_symbol
1085 class_precedence_list => 'ARRAY',
1086 linearized_isa => 'ARRAY', # FIXME perl 5.10 memoizes this on its own, no need?
1087 get_all_methods => 'ARRAY',
1088 #get_all_attributes => 'ARRAY', # it's an alias, no need, but maybe in the future
1089 compute_all_applicable_attributes => 'ARRAY',
1090 get_meta_instance => 'SCALAR',
1091 get_method_map => 'SCALAR',
1094 # this is ugly, but so are typeglobs,
1095 # so whattayahgonnadoboutit
1098 add_package_symbol => sub {
1099 my $original = shift;
1100 confess "Cannot add package symbols to an immutable metaclass"
1101 unless (caller(2))[3] eq 'Class::MOP::Package::get_package_symbol';
1103 # This is a workaround for a bug in 5.8.1 which thinks that
1104 # goto $original->body
1105 # is trying to go to a label
1106 my $body = $original->body;
1122 Class::MOP::Class - Class Meta Object
1126 # assuming that class Foo
1127 # has been defined, you can
1129 # use this for introspection ...
1131 # add a method to Foo ...
1132 Foo->meta->add_method('bar' => sub { ... })
1134 # get a list of all the classes searched
1135 # the method dispatcher in the correct order
1136 Foo->meta->class_precedence_list()
1138 # remove a method from Foo
1139 Foo->meta->remove_method('bar');
1141 # or use this to actually create classes ...
1143 Class::MOP::Class->create('Bar' => (
1145 superclasses => [ 'Foo' ],
1147 Class::MOP:::Attribute->new('$bar'),
1148 Class::MOP:::Attribute->new('$baz'),
1151 calculate_bar => sub { ... },
1152 construct_baz => sub { ... }
1158 This is the largest and currently most complex part of the Perl 5
1159 meta-object protocol. It controls the introspection and
1160 manipulation of Perl 5 classes (and it can create them too). The
1161 best way to understand what this module can do, is to read the
1162 documentation for each of it's methods.
1166 =head2 Self Introspection
1172 This will return a B<Class::MOP::Class> instance which is related
1173 to this class. Thereby allowing B<Class::MOP::Class> to actually
1176 As with B<Class::MOP::Attribute>, B<Class::MOP> will actually
1177 bootstrap this module by installing a number of attribute meta-objects
1178 into it's metaclass. This will allow this class to reap all the benifits
1179 of the MOP when subclassing it.
1183 =head2 Class construction
1185 These methods will handle creating B<Class::MOP::Class> objects,
1186 which can be used to both create new classes, and analyze
1187 pre-existing classes.
1189 This module will internally store references to all the instances
1190 you create with these methods, so that they do not need to be
1191 created any more than nessecary. Basically, they are singletons.
1195 =item B<create ($package_name,
1196 version =E<gt> ?$version,
1197 authority =E<gt> ?$authority,
1198 superclasses =E<gt> ?@superclasses,
1199 methods =E<gt> ?%methods,
1200 attributes =E<gt> ?%attributes)>
1202 This returns a B<Class::MOP::Class> object, bringing the specified
1203 C<$package_name> into existence and adding any of the C<$version>,
1204 C<$authority>, C<@superclasses>, C<%methods> and C<%attributes> to
1207 =item B<create_anon_class (superclasses =E<gt> ?@superclasses,
1208 methods =E<gt> ?%methods,
1209 attributes =E<gt> ?%attributes)>
1211 This will create an anonymous class, it works much like C<create> but
1212 it does not need a C<$package_name>. Instead it will create a suitably
1213 unique package name for you to stash things into.
1215 On very important distinction is that anon classes are destroyed once
1216 the metaclass they are attached to goes out of scope. In the DESTROY
1217 method, the created package will be removed from the symbol table.
1219 It is also worth noting that any instances created with an anon-class
1220 will keep a special reference to the anon-meta which will prevent the
1221 anon-class from going out of scope until all instances of it have also
1222 been destroyed. This however only works for HASH based instance types,
1223 as we use a special reserved slot (C<__MOP__>) to store this.
1225 =item B<initialize ($package_name, %options)>
1227 This initializes and returns returns a B<Class::MOP::Class> object
1228 for a given a C<$package_name>.
1230 =item B<construct_class_instance (%options)>
1232 This will construct an instance of B<Class::MOP::Class>, it is
1233 here so that we can actually "tie the knot" for B<Class::MOP::Class>
1234 to use C<construct_instance> once all the bootstrapping is done. This
1235 method is used internally by C<initialize> and should never be called
1236 from outside of that method really.
1238 =item B<check_metaclass_compatability>
1240 This method is called as the very last thing in the
1241 C<construct_class_instance> method. This will check that the
1242 metaclass you are creating is compatible with the metaclasses of all
1243 your ancestors. For more inforamtion about metaclass compatibility
1244 see the C<About Metaclass compatibility> section in L<Class::MOP>.
1246 =item B<update_package_cache_flag>
1248 This will reset the package cache flag for this particular metaclass
1249 it is basically the value of the C<Class::MOP::get_package_cache_flag>
1250 function. This is very rarely needed from outside of C<Class::MOP::Class>
1251 but in some cases you might want to use it, so it is here.
1253 =item B<reset_package_cache_flag>
1255 Clears the package cache flag to announce to the internals that we need
1256 to rebuild the method map.
1258 =item B<add_meta_instance_dependencies>
1260 Registers this class as dependent on its superclasses.
1262 Only superclasses from which this class inherits attributes will be added.
1264 =item B<remove_meta_instance_depdendencies>
1266 Unregisters this class from its superclasses.
1268 =item B<update_meta_instance_dependencies>
1270 Reregisters if necessary.
1272 =item B<add_dependent_meta_instance> $metaclass
1274 Registers the class as having a meta instance dependent on this class.
1276 =item B<remove_dependent_meta_instance> $metaclass
1278 Remove the class from the list of dependent classes.
1280 =item B<invalidate_meta_instances>
1282 Clears the cached meta instance for this metaclass and all of the registered
1283 classes with dependent meta instances.
1285 Called by C<add_attribute> and C<remove_attribute> to recalculate the attribute
1288 =item B<invalidate_meta_instance>
1290 Used by C<invalidate_meta_instances>.
1294 =head2 Object instance construction and cloning
1296 These methods are B<entirely optional>, it is up to you whether you want
1301 =item B<instance_metaclass>
1303 Returns the class name of the instance metaclass, see L<Class::MOP::Instance>
1304 for more information on the instance metaclasses.
1306 =item B<get_meta_instance>
1308 Returns an instance of L<Class::MOP::Instance> to be used in the construction
1309 of a new instance of the class.
1311 =item B<create_meta_instance>
1313 Called by C<get_meta_instance> if necessary.
1315 =item B<new_object (%params)>
1317 This is a convience method for creating a new object of the class, and
1318 blessing it into the appropriate package as well. Ideally your class
1319 would call a C<new> this method like so:
1322 my ($class, %param) = @_;
1323 $class->meta->new_object(%params);
1326 =item B<construct_instance (%params)>
1328 This method is used to construct an instance structure suitable for
1329 C<bless>-ing into your package of choice. It works in conjunction
1330 with the Attribute protocol to collect all applicable attributes.
1332 This will construct and instance using a HASH ref as storage
1333 (currently only HASH references are supported). This will collect all
1334 the applicable attributes and layout out the fields in the HASH ref,
1335 it will then initialize them using either use the corresponding key
1336 in C<%params> or any default value or initializer found in the
1337 attribute meta-object.
1339 =item B<clone_object ($instance, %params)>
1341 This is a convience method for cloning an object instance, then
1342 blessing it into the appropriate package. This method will call
1343 C<clone_instance>, which performs a shallow copy of the object,
1344 see that methods documentation for more details. Ideally your
1345 class would call a C<clone> this method like so:
1347 sub MyClass::clone {
1348 my ($self, %param) = @_;
1349 $self->meta->clone_object($self, %params);
1352 =item B<clone_instance($instance, %params)>
1354 This method is a compliment of C<construct_instance> (which means if
1355 you override C<construct_instance>, you need to override this one too),
1356 and clones the instance shallowly.
1358 The cloned structure returned is (like with C<construct_instance>) an
1359 unC<bless>ed HASH reference, it is your responsibility to then bless
1360 this cloned structure into the right class (which C<clone_object> will
1363 As of 0.11, this method will clone the C<$instance> structure shallowly,
1364 as opposed to the deep cloning implemented in prior versions. After much
1365 thought, research and discussion, I have decided that anything but basic
1366 shallow cloning is outside the scope of the meta-object protocol. I
1367 think Yuval "nothingmuch" Kogman put it best when he said that cloning
1368 is too I<context-specific> to be part of the MOP.
1370 =item B<rebless_instance($instance, ?%params)>
1372 This will change the class of C<$instance> to the class of the invoking
1373 C<Class::MOP::Class>. You may only rebless the instance to a subclass of
1374 itself. You may pass in optional C<%params> which are like constructor
1375 params and will override anything already defined in the instance.
1379 =head2 Informational
1381 These are a few predicate methods for asking information about the class.
1385 =item B<is_anon_class>
1387 This returns true if the class is a C<Class::MOP::Class> created anon class.
1391 This returns true if the class is still mutable.
1393 =item B<is_immutable>
1395 This returns true if the class has been made immutable.
1397 =item B<is_pristine>
1399 Checks whether the class has any data that will be lost if C<reinitialize> is
1404 =head2 Inheritance Relationships
1408 =item B<superclasses (?@superclasses)>
1410 This is a read-write attribute which represents the superclass
1411 relationships of the class the B<Class::MOP::Class> instance is
1412 associated with. Basically, it can get and set the C<@ISA> for you.
1414 =item B<class_precedence_list>
1416 This computes the a list of all the class's ancestors in the same order
1417 in which method dispatch will be done. This is similair to what
1418 B<Class::ISA::super_path> does, but we don't remove duplicate names.
1420 =item B<linearized_isa>
1422 This returns a list based on C<class_precedence_list> but with all
1427 This returns a list of subclasses for this class.
1435 =item B<get_method_map>
1437 Returns a HASH ref of name to CODE reference mapping for this class.
1439 =item B<method_metaclass>
1441 Returns the class name of the method metaclass, see L<Class::MOP::Method>
1442 for more information on the method metaclasses.
1444 =item B<wrap_method_body(%attrs)>
1446 Wrap a code ref (C<$attrs{body>) with C<method_metaclass>.
1448 =item B<add_method ($method_name, $method, %attrs)>
1450 This will take a C<$method_name> and CODE reference or meta method
1451 objectand install it into the class's package.
1453 You are strongly encouraged to pass a meta method object instead of a
1454 code reference. If you do so, that object gets stored as part of the
1455 class's method map, providing more useful information about the method
1458 When you provide a method object, this method will clone that object
1459 if the object's package name does not match the class name. This lets
1460 us track the original source of any methods added from other classes
1461 (notably Moose roles).
1464 This does absolutely nothing special to C<$method>
1465 other than use B<Sub::Name> to make sure it is tagged with the
1466 correct name, and therefore show up correctly in stack traces and
1469 =item B<has_method ($method_name)>
1471 This just provides a simple way to check if the class implements
1472 a specific C<$method_name>. It will I<not> however, attempt to check
1473 if the class inherits the method (use C<UNIVERSAL::can> for that).
1475 This will correctly handle functions defined outside of the package
1476 that use a fully qualified name (C<sub Package::name { ... }>).
1478 This will correctly handle functions renamed with B<Sub::Name> and
1479 installed using the symbol tables. However, if you are naming the
1480 subroutine outside of the package scope, you must use the fully
1481 qualified name, including the package name, for C<has_method> to
1482 correctly identify it.
1484 This will attempt to correctly ignore functions imported from other
1485 packages using B<Exporter>. It breaks down if the function imported
1486 is an C<__ANON__> sub (such as with C<use constant>), which very well
1487 may be a valid method being applied to the class.
1489 In short, this method cannot always be trusted to determine if the
1490 C<$method_name> is actually a method. However, it will DWIM about
1491 90% of the time, so it's a small trade off I think.
1493 =item B<get_method ($method_name)>
1495 This will return a Class::MOP::Method instance related to the specified
1496 C<$method_name>, or return undef if that method does not exist.
1498 The Class::MOP::Method is codifiable, so you can use it like a normal
1499 CODE reference, see L<Class::MOP::Method> for more information.
1501 =item B<find_method_by_name ($method_name)>
1503 This will return a CODE reference of the specified C<$method_name>,
1504 or return undef if that method does not exist.
1506 Unlike C<get_method> this will also look in the superclasses.
1508 =item B<remove_method ($method_name)>
1510 This will attempt to remove a given C<$method_name> from the class.
1511 It will return the CODE reference that it has removed, and will
1512 attempt to use B<Sub::Name> to clear the methods associated name.
1514 =item B<get_method_list>
1516 This will return a list of method names for all I<locally> defined
1517 methods. It does B<not> provide a list of all applicable methods,
1518 including any inherited ones. If you want a list of all applicable
1519 methods, use the C<compute_all_applicable_methods> method.
1521 =item B<get_all_methods>
1523 This will traverse the inheritance heirachy and return a list of all
1524 the applicable L<Class::MOP::Method> objects for this class.
1526 =item B<compute_all_applicable_methods>
1530 This method returns a list of hashes describing the all the methods of the
1533 Use L<get_all_methods>, which is easier/better/faster. This method predates
1534 L<Class::MOP::Method>.
1536 =item B<find_all_methods_by_name ($method_name)>
1538 This will traverse the inheritence hierarchy and locate all methods
1539 with a given C<$method_name>. Similar to
1540 C<compute_all_applicable_methods> it returns a list of HASH references
1541 with the following information; method name (which will always be the
1542 same as C<$method_name>), the name of the class in which the method
1543 lives and a CODE reference for the actual method.
1545 The list of methods produced is a distinct list, meaning there are no
1546 duplicates in it. This is especially useful for things like object
1547 initialization and destruction where you only want the method called
1548 once, and in the correct order.
1550 =item B<find_next_method_by_name ($method_name)>
1552 This will return the first method to match a given C<$method_name> in
1553 the superclasses, this is basically equivalent to calling
1554 C<SUPER::$method_name>, but it can be dispatched at runtime.
1556 =item B<alias_method ($method_name, $method)>
1558 B<NOTE>: This method is now deprecated. Just use C<add_method>
1563 =head2 Method Modifiers
1565 Method modifiers are a concept borrowed from CLOS, in which a method
1566 can be wrapped with I<before>, I<after> and I<around> method modifiers
1567 that will be called everytime the method is called.
1569 =head3 How method modifiers work?
1571 Method modifiers work by wrapping the original method and then replacing
1572 it in the classes symbol table. The wrappers will handle calling all the
1573 modifiers in the appropariate orders and preserving the calling context
1574 for the original method.
1576 Each method modifier serves a particular purpose, which may not be
1577 obvious to users of other method wrapping modules. To start with, the
1578 return values of I<before> and I<after> modifiers are ignored. This is
1579 because thier purpose is B<not> to filter the input and output of the
1580 primary method (this is done with an I<around> modifier). This may seem
1581 like an odd restriction to some, but doing this allows for simple code
1582 to be added at the begining or end of a method call without jeapordizing
1583 the normal functioning of the primary method or placing any extra
1584 responsibility on the code of the modifier. Of course if you have more
1585 complex needs, then use the I<around> modifier, which uses a variation
1586 of continutation passing style to allow for a high degree of flexibility.
1588 Before and around modifiers are called in last-defined-first-called order,
1589 while after modifiers are called in first-defined-first-called order. So
1590 the call tree might looks something like this:
1600 To see examples of using method modifiers, see the following examples
1601 included in the distribution; F<InstanceCountingClass>, F<Perl6Attribute>,
1602 F<AttributesWithHistory> and F<C3MethodDispatchOrder>. There is also a
1603 classic CLOS usage example in the test F<017_add_method_modifier.t>.
1605 =head3 What is the performance impact?
1607 Of course there is a performance cost associated with method modifiers,
1608 but we have made every effort to make that cost be directly proportional
1609 to the amount of modifier features you utilize.
1611 The wrapping method does it's best to B<only> do as much work as it
1612 absolutely needs to. In order to do this we have moved some of the
1613 performance costs to set-up time, where they are easier to amortize.
1615 All this said, my benchmarks have indicated the following:
1617 simple wrapper with no modifiers 100% slower
1618 simple wrapper with simple before modifier 400% slower
1619 simple wrapper with simple after modifier 450% slower
1620 simple wrapper with simple around modifier 500-550% slower
1621 simple wrapper with all 3 modifiers 1100% slower
1623 These numbers may seem daunting, but you must remember, every feature
1624 comes with some cost. To put things in perspective, just doing a simple
1625 C<AUTOLOAD> which does nothing but extract the name of the method called
1626 and return it costs about 400% over a normal method call.
1630 =item B<add_before_method_modifier ($method_name, $code)>
1632 This will wrap the method at C<$method_name> and the supplied C<$code>
1633 will be passed the C<@_> arguments, and called before the original
1634 method is called. As specified above, the return value of the I<before>
1635 method modifiers is ignored, and it's ability to modify C<@_> is
1636 fairly limited. If you need to do either of these things, use an
1637 C<around> method modifier.
1639 =item B<add_after_method_modifier ($method_name, $code)>
1641 This will wrap the method at C<$method_name> so that the original
1642 method will be called, it's return values stashed, and then the
1643 supplied C<$code> will be passed the C<@_> arguments, and called.
1644 As specified above, the return value of the I<after> method
1645 modifiers is ignored, and it cannot modify the return values of
1646 the original method. If you need to do either of these things, use an
1647 C<around> method modifier.
1649 =item B<add_around_method_modifier ($method_name, $code)>
1651 This will wrap the method at C<$method_name> so that C<$code>
1652 will be called and passed the original method as an extra argument
1653 at the begining of the C<@_> argument list. This is a variation of
1654 continuation passing style, where the function prepended to C<@_>
1655 can be considered a continuation. It is up to C<$code> if it calls
1656 the original method or not, there is no restriction on what the
1657 C<$code> can or cannot do.
1663 It should be noted that since there is no one consistent way to define
1664 the attributes of a class in Perl 5. These methods can only work with
1665 the information given, and can not easily discover information on
1666 their own. See L<Class::MOP::Attribute> for more details.
1670 =item B<attribute_metaclass>
1672 Returns the class name of the attribute metaclass, see L<Class::MOP::Attribute>
1673 for more information on the attribute metaclasses.
1675 =item B<get_attribute_map>
1677 This returns a HASH ref of name to attribute meta-object mapping.
1679 =item B<add_attribute ($attribute_meta_object | ($attribute_name, %attribute_spec))>
1681 This stores the C<$attribute_meta_object> (or creates one from the
1682 C<$attribute_name> and C<%attribute_spec>) in the B<Class::MOP::Class>
1683 instance associated with the given class. Unlike methods, attributes
1684 within the MOP are stored as meta-information only. They will be used
1685 later to construct instances from (see C<construct_instance> above).
1686 More details about the attribute meta-objects can be found in the
1687 L<Class::MOP::Attribute> or the L<Class::MOP/The Attribute protocol>
1690 It should be noted that any accessor, reader/writer or predicate
1691 methods which the C<$attribute_meta_object> has will be installed
1692 into the class at this time.
1695 If an attribute already exists for C<$attribute_name>, the old one
1696 will be removed (as well as removing all it's accessors), and then
1699 =item B<has_attribute ($attribute_name)>
1701 Checks to see if this class has an attribute by the name of
1702 C<$attribute_name> and returns a boolean.
1704 =item B<get_attribute ($attribute_name)>
1706 Returns the attribute meta-object associated with C<$attribute_name>,
1707 if none is found, it will return undef.
1709 =item B<remove_attribute ($attribute_name)>
1711 This will remove the attribute meta-object stored at
1712 C<$attribute_name>, then return the removed attribute meta-object.
1715 Removing an attribute will only affect future instances of
1716 the class, it will not make any attempt to remove the attribute from
1717 any existing instances of the class.
1719 It should be noted that any accessor, reader/writer or predicate
1720 methods which the attribute meta-object stored at C<$attribute_name>
1721 has will be removed from the class at this time. This B<will> make
1722 these attributes somewhat inaccessable in previously created
1723 instances. But if you are crazy enough to do this at runtime, then
1724 you are crazy enough to deal with something like this :).
1726 =item B<get_attribute_list>
1728 This returns a list of attribute names which are defined in the local
1729 class. If you want a list of all applicable attributes for a class,
1730 use the C<compute_all_applicable_attributes> method.
1732 =item B<compute_all_applicable_attributes>
1734 =item B<get_all_attributes>
1736 This will traverse the inheritance heirachy and return a list of all
1737 the applicable L<Class::MOP::Attribute> objects for this class.
1739 C<get_all_attributes> is an alias for consistency with C<get_all_methods>.
1741 =item B<find_attribute_by_name ($attr_name)>
1743 This method will traverse the inheritance heirachy and find the
1744 first attribute whose name matches C<$attr_name>, then return it.
1745 It will return undef if nothing is found.
1749 =head2 Class Immutability
1753 =item B<make_immutable (%options)>
1755 This method will invoke a tranforamtion upon the class which will
1756 make it immutable. Details of this transformation can be found in
1757 the L<Class::MOP::Immutable> documentation.
1759 =item B<make_mutable>
1761 This method will reverse tranforamtion upon the class which
1764 =item B<get_immutable_transformer>
1766 Return a transformer suitable for making this class immutable or, if this
1767 class is immutable, the transformer used to make it immutable.
1769 =item B<get_immutable_options>
1771 If the class is immutable, return the options used to make it immutable.
1773 =item B<create_immutable_transformer>
1775 Create a transformer suitable for making this class immutable
1781 Stevan Little E<lt>stevan@iinteractive.comE<gt>
1783 =head1 COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
1785 Copyright 2006-2008 by Infinity Interactive, Inc.
1787 L<http://www.iinteractive.com>
1789 This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
1790 it under the same terms as Perl itself.