2 package Class::MOP::Class;
7 use Class::MOP::Immutable;
8 use Class::MOP::Instance;
9 use Class::MOP::Method::Wrapped;
12 use Scalar::Util 'blessed', 'weaken';
14 our $VERSION = '0.65';
15 our $AUTHORITY = 'cpan:STEVAN';
17 use base 'Class::MOP::Module';
22 my ( $class, @args ) = @_;
24 unshift @args, 'package' if @args % 2 == 1;
26 my (%options) = @args;
27 my $package_name = $options{package};
29 (defined $package_name && $package_name && !blessed($package_name))
30 || confess "You must pass a package name and it cannot be blessed";
32 return Class::MOP::get_metaclass_by_name($package_name)
33 || $class->construct_class_instance(%options);
38 my $package_name = shift;
39 (defined $package_name && $package_name && !blessed($package_name))
40 || confess "You must pass a package name and it cannot be blessed";
41 Class::MOP::remove_metaclass_by_name($package_name);
42 $class->construct_class_instance('package' => $package_name, @_);
45 # NOTE: (meta-circularity)
46 # this is a special form of &construct_instance
47 # (see below), which is used to construct class
48 # meta-object instances for any Class::MOP::*
49 # class. All other classes will use the more
50 # normal &construct_instance.
51 sub construct_class_instance {
54 my $package_name = $options{'package'};
55 (defined $package_name && $package_name)
56 || confess "You must pass a package name";
58 # return the metaclass if we have it cached,
59 # and it is still defined (it has not been
60 # reaped by DESTROY yet, which can happen
61 # annoyingly enough during global destruction)
63 if (defined(my $meta = Class::MOP::get_metaclass_by_name($package_name))) {
68 # we need to deal with the possibility
69 # of class immutability here, and then
70 # get the name of the class appropriately
71 $class = (blessed($class)
72 ? ($class->is_immutable
73 ? $class->get_mutable_metaclass_name()
77 # now create the metaclass
79 if ($class eq 'Class::MOP::Class') {
82 # inherited from Class::MOP::Package
83 'package' => $package_name,
86 # since the following attributes will
87 # actually be loaded from the symbol
88 # table, and actually bypass the instance
89 # entirely, we can just leave these things
90 # listed here for reference, because they
91 # should not actually have a value associated
93 'namespace' => \undef,
94 # inherited from Class::MOP::Module
96 'authority' => \undef,
97 # defined in Class::MOP::Class
98 'superclasses' => \undef,
102 'attribute_metaclass' => $options{'attribute_metaclass'} || 'Class::MOP::Attribute',
103 'method_metaclass' => $options{'method_metaclass'} || 'Class::MOP::Method',
104 'instance_metaclass' => $options{'instance_metaclass'} || 'Class::MOP::Instance',
106 ## uber-private variables
108 # this starts out as undef so that
109 # we can tell the first time the
110 # methods are fetched
112 '_package_cache_flag' => undef,
113 '_meta_instance' => undef,
118 # it is safe to use meta here because
119 # class will always be a subclass of
120 # Class::MOP::Class, which defines meta
121 $meta = $class->meta->construct_instance(%options)
124 # and check the metaclass compatibility
125 $meta->check_metaclass_compatability();
127 Class::MOP::store_metaclass_by_name($package_name, $meta);
130 # we need to weaken any anon classes
131 # so that they can call DESTROY properly
132 Class::MOP::weaken_metaclass($package_name) if $meta->is_anon_class;
137 sub reset_package_cache_flag { (shift)->{'_package_cache_flag'} = undef }
138 sub update_package_cache_flag {
141 # we can manually update the cache number
142 # since we are actually adding the method
143 # to our cache as well. This avoids us
144 # having to regenerate the method_map.
146 $self->{'_package_cache_flag'} = Class::MOP::check_package_cache_flag($self->name);
149 sub check_metaclass_compatability {
152 # this is always okay ...
153 return if blessed($self) eq 'Class::MOP::Class' &&
154 $self->instance_metaclass eq 'Class::MOP::Instance';
156 my @class_list = $self->linearized_isa;
157 shift @class_list; # shift off $self->name
159 foreach my $class_name (@class_list) {
160 my $meta = Class::MOP::get_metaclass_by_name($class_name) || next;
163 # we need to deal with the possibility
164 # of class immutability here, and then
165 # get the name of the class appropriately
166 my $meta_type = ($meta->is_immutable
167 ? $meta->get_mutable_metaclass_name()
170 ($self->isa($meta_type))
171 || confess $self->name . "->meta => (" . (blessed($self)) . ")" .
172 " is not compatible with the " .
173 $class_name . "->meta => (" . ($meta_type) . ")";
175 # we also need to check that instance metaclasses
176 # are compatabile in the same the class.
177 ($self->instance_metaclass->isa($meta->instance_metaclass))
178 || confess $self->name . "->meta => (" . ($self->instance_metaclass) . ")" .
179 " is not compatible with the " .
180 $class_name . "->meta => (" . ($meta->instance_metaclass) . ")";
188 # this should be sufficient, if you have a
189 # use case where it is not, write a test and
191 my $ANON_CLASS_SERIAL = 0;
194 # we need a sufficiently annoying prefix
195 # this should suffice for now, this is
196 # used in a couple of places below, so
197 # need to put it up here for now.
198 my $ANON_CLASS_PREFIX = 'Class::MOP::Class::__ANON__::SERIAL::';
202 no warnings 'uninitialized';
203 $self->name =~ /^$ANON_CLASS_PREFIX/ ? 1 : 0;
206 sub create_anon_class {
207 my ($class, %options) = @_;
208 my $package_name = $ANON_CLASS_PREFIX . ++$ANON_CLASS_SERIAL;
209 return $class->create($package_name, %options);
215 require Devel::GlobalDestruction;
216 Devel::GlobalDestruction->import("in_global_destruction");
218 } or *in_global_destruction = sub () { '' };
222 # this will only get called for
223 # anon-classes, all other calls
224 # are assumed to occur during
225 # global destruction and so don't
226 # really need to be handled explicitly
230 return if in_global_destruction; # it'll happen soon anyway and this just makes things more complicated
232 no warnings 'uninitialized';
233 return unless $self->name =~ /^$ANON_CLASS_PREFIX/;
234 my ($serial_id) = ($self->name =~ /^$ANON_CLASS_PREFIX(\d+)/);
236 foreach my $key (keys %{$ANON_CLASS_PREFIX . $serial_id}) {
237 delete ${$ANON_CLASS_PREFIX . $serial_id}{$key};
239 delete ${'main::' . $ANON_CLASS_PREFIX}{$serial_id . '::'};
244 # creating classes with MOP ...
247 my ( $class, @args ) = @_;
249 unshift @args, 'package' if @args % 2 == 1;
251 my (%options) = @args;
252 my $package_name = $options{package};
254 (defined $package_name && $package_name)
255 || confess "You must pass a package name";
257 (ref $options{superclasses} eq 'ARRAY')
258 || confess "You must pass an ARRAY ref of superclasses"
259 if exists $options{superclasses};
261 (ref $options{attributes} eq 'ARRAY')
262 || confess "You must pass an ARRAY ref of attributes"
263 if exists $options{attributes};
265 (ref $options{methods} eq 'HASH')
266 || confess "You must pass an HASH ref of methods"
267 if exists $options{methods};
269 my $code = "package $package_name;";
270 $code .= "\$$package_name\:\:VERSION = '" . $options{version} . "';"
271 if exists $options{version};
272 $code .= "\$$package_name\:\:AUTHORITY = '" . $options{authority} . "';"
273 if exists $options{authority};
276 confess "creation of $package_name failed : $@" if $@;
278 my $meta = $class->initialize($package_name);
281 $meta->add_method('meta' => sub {
282 $class->initialize(blessed($_[0]) || $_[0]);
285 $meta->superclasses(@{$options{superclasses}})
286 if exists $options{superclasses};
288 # process attributes first, so that they can
289 # install accessors, but locally defined methods
290 # can then overwrite them. It is maybe a little odd, but
291 # I think this should be the order of things.
292 if (exists $options{attributes}) {
293 foreach my $attr (@{$options{attributes}}) {
294 $meta->add_attribute($attr);
297 if (exists $options{methods}) {
298 foreach my $method_name (keys %{$options{methods}}) {
299 $meta->add_method($method_name, $options{methods}->{$method_name});
308 # all these attribute readers will be bootstrapped
309 # away in the Class::MOP bootstrap section
311 sub get_attribute_map { $_[0]->{'attributes'} }
312 sub attribute_metaclass { $_[0]->{'attribute_metaclass'} }
313 sub method_metaclass { $_[0]->{'method_metaclass'} }
314 sub instance_metaclass { $_[0]->{'instance_metaclass'} }
317 # this is a prime canidate for conversion to XS
321 my $current = Class::MOP::check_package_cache_flag($self->name);
323 if (defined $self->{'_package_cache_flag'} && $self->{'_package_cache_flag'} == $current) {
324 return $self->{'methods'};
327 $self->{_package_cache_flag} = $current;
329 my $map = $self->{'methods'};
331 my $class_name = $self->name;
332 my $method_metaclass = $self->method_metaclass;
334 my %all_code = $self->get_all_package_symbols('CODE');
336 foreach my $symbol (keys %all_code) {
337 my $code = $all_code{$symbol};
339 next if exists $map->{$symbol} &&
340 defined $map->{$symbol} &&
341 $map->{$symbol}->body == $code;
343 my ($pkg, $name) = Class::MOP::get_code_info($code);
346 # in 5.10 constant.pm the constants show up
347 # as being in the right package, but in pre-5.10
348 # they show up as constant::__ANON__ so we
349 # make an exception here to be sure that things
350 # work as expected in both.
352 unless ($pkg eq 'constant' && $name eq '__ANON__') {
353 next if ($pkg || '') ne $class_name ||
354 (($name || '') ne '__ANON__' && ($pkg || '') ne $class_name);
357 $map->{$symbol} = $method_metaclass->wrap(
359 package_name => $class_name,
367 # Instance Construction & Cloning
373 # we need to protect the integrity of the
374 # Class::MOP::Class singletons here, so we
375 # delegate this to &construct_class_instance
376 # which will deal with the singletons
377 return $class->construct_class_instance(@_)
378 if $class->name->isa('Class::MOP::Class');
379 return $class->construct_instance(@_);
382 sub construct_instance {
383 my ($class, %params) = @_;
384 my $meta_instance = $class->get_meta_instance();
385 my $instance = $meta_instance->create_instance();
386 foreach my $attr ($class->compute_all_applicable_attributes()) {
387 $attr->initialize_instance_slot($meta_instance, $instance, \%params);
390 # this will only work for a HASH instance type
391 if ($class->is_anon_class) {
392 (Scalar::Util::reftype($instance) eq 'HASH')
393 || confess "Currently only HASH based instances are supported with instance of anon-classes";
395 # At some point we should make this official
396 # as a reserved slot name, but right now I am
397 # going to keep it here.
398 # my $RESERVED_MOP_SLOT = '__MOP__';
399 $instance->{'__MOP__'} = $class;
405 sub get_meta_instance {
407 $self->{'_meta_instance'} ||= $self->create_meta_instance();
410 sub create_meta_instance {
413 my $instance = $self->instance_metaclass->new(
414 associated_metaclass => $self,
415 attributes => [ $self->compute_all_applicable_attributes() ],
418 $self->add_meta_instance_dependencies()
419 if $instance->is_dependent_on_superclasses();
426 my $instance = shift;
427 (blessed($instance) && $instance->isa($class->name))
428 || confess "You must pass an instance of the metaclass (" . $class->name . "), not ($instance)";
431 # we need to protect the integrity of the
432 # Class::MOP::Class singletons here, they
433 # should not be cloned.
434 return $instance if $instance->isa('Class::MOP::Class');
435 $class->clone_instance($instance, @_);
439 my ($class, $instance, %params) = @_;
441 || confess "You can only clone instances, ($instance) is not a blessed instance";
442 my $meta_instance = $class->get_meta_instance();
443 my $clone = $meta_instance->clone_instance($instance);
444 foreach my $attr ($class->compute_all_applicable_attributes()) {
445 if ( defined( my $init_arg = $attr->init_arg ) ) {
446 if (exists $params{$init_arg}) {
447 $attr->set_value($clone, $params{$init_arg});
454 sub rebless_instance {
455 my ($self, $instance, %params) = @_;
458 if ($instance->can('meta')) {
459 ($instance->meta->isa('Class::MOP::Class'))
460 || confess 'Cannot rebless instance if ->meta is not an instance of Class::MOP::Class';
461 $old_metaclass = $instance->meta;
464 $old_metaclass = $self->initialize(blessed($instance));
467 my $meta_instance = $self->get_meta_instance();
469 $self->name->isa($old_metaclass->name)
470 || confess "You may rebless only into a subclass of (". $old_metaclass->name ."), of which (". $self->name .") isn't.";
473 $meta_instance->rebless_instance_structure($instance, $self);
475 foreach my $attr ( $self->compute_all_applicable_attributes ) {
476 if ( $attr->has_value($instance) ) {
477 if ( defined( my $init_arg = $attr->init_arg ) ) {
478 $params{$init_arg} = $attr->get_value($instance)
479 unless exists $params{$init_arg};
482 $attr->set_value($instance, $attr->get_value($instance));
487 foreach my $attr ($self->compute_all_applicable_attributes) {
488 $attr->initialize_instance_slot($meta_instance, $instance, \%params);
498 my $var_spec = { sigil => '@', type => 'ARRAY', name => 'ISA' };
501 @{$self->get_package_symbol($var_spec)} = @supers;
503 # we need to check the metaclass
504 # compatibility here so that we can
505 # be sure that the superclass is
506 # not potentially creating an issues
507 # we don't know about
508 $self->check_metaclass_compatability();
509 $self->update_meta_instance_dependencies();
511 @{$self->get_package_symbol($var_spec)};
517 my $super_class = $self->name;
519 if ( Class::MOP::HAVE_ISAREV() ) {
520 return @{ $super_class->mro::get_isarev() };
524 my $find_derived_classes;
525 $find_derived_classes = sub {
526 my ($outer_class) = @_;
528 my $symbol_table_hashref = do { no strict 'refs'; \%{"${outer_class}::"} };
531 for my $symbol ( keys %$symbol_table_hashref ) {
532 next SYMBOL if $symbol !~ /\A (\w+):: \z/x;
533 my $inner_class = $1;
535 next SYMBOL if $inner_class eq 'SUPER'; # skip '*::SUPER'
539 ? "${outer_class}::$inner_class"
542 if ( $class->isa($super_class) and $class ne $super_class ) {
543 push @derived_classes, $class;
546 next SYMBOL if $class eq 'main'; # skip 'main::*'
548 $find_derived_classes->($class);
552 my $root_class = q{};
553 $find_derived_classes->($root_class);
555 undef $find_derived_classes;
557 @derived_classes = sort { $a->isa($b) ? 1 : $b->isa($a) ? -1 : 0 } @derived_classes;
559 return @derived_classes;
565 return @{ mro::get_linear_isa( (shift)->name ) };
568 sub class_precedence_list {
570 my $name = $self->name;
572 unless (Class::MOP::IS_RUNNING_ON_5_10()) {
574 # We need to check for circular inheritance here
575 # if we are are not on 5.10, cause 5.8 detects it
576 # late. This will do nothing if all is well, and
577 # blow up otherwise. Yes, it's an ugly hack, better
578 # suggestions are welcome.
580 ($name || return)->isa('This is a test for circular inheritance')
583 # if our mro is c3, we can
584 # just grab the linear_isa
585 if (mro::get_mro($name) eq 'c3') {
586 return @{ mro::get_linear_isa($name) }
590 # we can't grab the linear_isa for dfs
591 # since it has all the duplicates
596 $self->initialize($_)->class_precedence_list()
597 } $self->superclasses()
605 my ($self, $method_name, $method) = @_;
606 (defined $method_name && $method_name)
607 || confess "You must define a method name";
610 if (blessed($method)) {
611 $body = $method->body;
612 if ($method->package_name ne $self->name &&
613 $method->name ne $method_name) {
614 warn "Hello there, got something for you."
615 . " Method says " . $method->package_name . " " . $method->name
616 . " Class says " . $self->name . " " . $method_name;
617 $method = $method->clone(
618 package_name => $self->name,
620 ) if $method->can('clone');
625 ('CODE' eq ref($body))
626 || confess "Your code block must be a CODE reference";
627 $method = $self->method_metaclass->wrap(
629 package_name => $self->name,
634 $self->get_method_map->{$method_name} = $method;
636 my $full_method_name = ($self->name . '::' . $method_name);
637 $self->add_package_symbol(
638 { sigil => '&', type => 'CODE', name => $method_name },
639 Class::MOP::subname($full_method_name => $body)
642 $self->update_package_cache_flag; # still valid, since we just added the method to the map, and if it was invalid before that then get_method_map updated it
646 my $fetch_and_prepare_method = sub {
647 my ($self, $method_name) = @_;
649 my $method = $self->get_method($method_name);
650 # if we dont have local ...
652 # try to find the next method
653 $method = $self->find_next_method_by_name($method_name);
654 # die if it does not exist
656 || confess "The method '$method_name' is not found in the inheritance hierarchy for class " . $self->name;
657 # and now make sure to wrap it
658 # even if it is already wrapped
659 # because we need a new sub ref
660 $method = Class::MOP::Method::Wrapped->wrap($method);
663 # now make sure we wrap it properly
664 $method = Class::MOP::Method::Wrapped->wrap($method)
665 unless $method->isa('Class::MOP::Method::Wrapped');
667 $self->add_method($method_name => $method);
671 sub add_before_method_modifier {
672 my ($self, $method_name, $method_modifier) = @_;
673 (defined $method_name && $method_name)
674 || confess "You must pass in a method name";
675 my $method = $fetch_and_prepare_method->($self, $method_name);
676 $method->add_before_modifier(
677 Class::MOP::subname(':before' => $method_modifier)
681 sub add_after_method_modifier {
682 my ($self, $method_name, $method_modifier) = @_;
683 (defined $method_name && $method_name)
684 || confess "You must pass in a method name";
685 my $method = $fetch_and_prepare_method->($self, $method_name);
686 $method->add_after_modifier(
687 Class::MOP::subname(':after' => $method_modifier)
691 sub add_around_method_modifier {
692 my ($self, $method_name, $method_modifier) = @_;
693 (defined $method_name && $method_name)
694 || confess "You must pass in a method name";
695 my $method = $fetch_and_prepare_method->($self, $method_name);
696 $method->add_around_modifier(
697 Class::MOP::subname(':around' => $method_modifier)
702 # the methods above used to be named like this:
703 # ${pkg}::${method}:(before|after|around)
704 # but this proved problematic when using one modifier
705 # to wrap multiple methods (something which is likely
706 # to happen pretty regularly IMO). So instead of naming
707 # it like this, I have chosen to just name them purely
708 # with their modifier names, like so:
709 # :(before|after|around)
710 # The fact is that in a stack trace, it will be fairly
711 # evident from the context what method they are attached
712 # to, and so don't need the fully qualified name.
716 my ($self, $method_name, $method) = @_;
717 (defined $method_name && $method_name)
718 || confess "You must define a method name";
720 my $body = (blessed($method) ? $method->body : $method);
721 ('CODE' eq ref($body))
722 || confess "Your code block must be a CODE reference";
724 $self->add_package_symbol(
725 { sigil => '&', type => 'CODE', name => $method_name } => $body
730 my ($self, $method_name) = @_;
731 (defined $method_name && $method_name)
732 || confess "You must define a method name";
734 return 0 unless exists $self->get_method_map->{$method_name};
739 my ($self, $method_name) = @_;
740 (defined $method_name && $method_name)
741 || confess "You must define a method name";
744 # I don't really need this here, because
745 # if the method_map is missing a key it
746 # will just return undef for me now
747 # return unless $self->has_method($method_name);
749 return $self->get_method_map->{$method_name};
753 my ($self, $method_name) = @_;
754 (defined $method_name && $method_name)
755 || confess "You must define a method name";
757 my $removed_method = delete $self->get_method_map->{$method_name};
759 $self->remove_package_symbol(
760 { sigil => '&', type => 'CODE', name => $method_name }
763 $self->update_package_cache_flag; # still valid, since we just removed the method from the map
765 return $removed_method;
768 sub get_method_list {
770 keys %{$self->get_method_map};
773 sub find_method_by_name {
774 my ($self, $method_name) = @_;
775 (defined $method_name && $method_name)
776 || confess "You must define a method name to find";
777 foreach my $class ($self->linearized_isa) {
778 # fetch the meta-class ...
779 my $meta = $self->initialize($class);
780 return $meta->get_method($method_name)
781 if $meta->has_method($method_name);
786 sub compute_all_applicable_methods {
788 my (@methods, %seen_method);
789 foreach my $class ($self->linearized_isa) {
790 # fetch the meta-class ...
791 my $meta = $self->initialize($class);
792 foreach my $method_name ($meta->get_method_list()) {
793 next if exists $seen_method{$method_name};
794 $seen_method{$method_name}++;
796 name => $method_name,
798 code => $meta->get_method($method_name)
805 sub find_all_methods_by_name {
806 my ($self, $method_name) = @_;
807 (defined $method_name && $method_name)
808 || confess "You must define a method name to find";
810 foreach my $class ($self->linearized_isa) {
811 # fetch the meta-class ...
812 my $meta = $self->initialize($class);
814 name => $method_name,
816 code => $meta->get_method($method_name)
817 } if $meta->has_method($method_name);
822 sub find_next_method_by_name {
823 my ($self, $method_name) = @_;
824 (defined $method_name && $method_name)
825 || confess "You must define a method name to find";
826 my @cpl = $self->linearized_isa;
827 shift @cpl; # discard ourselves
828 foreach my $class (@cpl) {
829 # fetch the meta-class ...
830 my $meta = $self->initialize($class);
831 return $meta->get_method($method_name)
832 if $meta->has_method($method_name);
841 # either we have an attribute object already
842 # or we need to create one from the args provided
843 my $attribute = blessed($_[0]) ? $_[0] : $self->attribute_metaclass->new(@_);
844 # make sure it is derived from the correct type though
845 ($attribute->isa('Class::MOP::Attribute'))
846 || confess "Your attribute must be an instance of Class::MOP::Attribute (or a subclass)";
848 # first we attach our new attribute
849 # because it might need certain information
850 # about the class which it is attached to
851 $attribute->attach_to_class($self);
853 # then we remove attributes of a conflicting
854 # name here so that we can properly detach
855 # the old attr object, and remove any
856 # accessors it would have generated
857 if ( $self->has_attribute($attribute->name) ) {
858 $self->remove_attribute($attribute->name);
860 $self->invalidate_meta_instances();
863 # then onto installing the new accessors
864 $self->get_attribute_map->{$attribute->name} = $attribute;
866 # invalidate package flag here
867 my $e = do { local $@; eval { $attribute->install_accessors() }; $@ };
869 $self->remove_attribute($attribute->name);
876 sub update_meta_instance_dependencies {
879 if ( $self->{meta_instance_dependencies} ) {
880 return $self->add_meta_instance_dependencies;
884 sub add_meta_instance_dependencies {
887 $self->remove_meta_instance_depdendencies;
889 my @attrs = $self->compute_all_applicable_attributes();
892 my @classes = grep { not $seen{$_->name}++ } map { $_->associated_class } @attrs;
894 foreach my $class ( @classes ) {
895 $class->add_dependent_meta_instance($self);
898 $self->{meta_instance_dependencies} = \@classes;
901 sub remove_meta_instance_depdendencies {
904 if ( my $classes = delete $self->{meta_instance_dependencies} ) {
905 foreach my $class ( @$classes ) {
906 $class->remove_dependent_meta_instance($self);
916 sub add_dependent_meta_instance {
917 my ( $self, $metaclass ) = @_;
918 push @{ $self->{dependent_meta_instances} }, $metaclass;
921 sub remove_dependent_meta_instance {
922 my ( $self, $metaclass ) = @_;
923 my $name = $metaclass->name;
924 @$_ = grep { $_->name ne $name } @$_ for $self->{dependent_meta_instances};
927 sub invalidate_meta_instances {
929 $_->invalidate_meta_instance() for $self, @{ $self->{dependent_meta_instances} };
932 sub invalidate_meta_instance {
934 undef $self->{_meta_instance};
938 my ($self, $attribute_name) = @_;
939 (defined $attribute_name && $attribute_name)
940 || confess "You must define an attribute name";
941 exists $self->get_attribute_map->{$attribute_name} ? 1 : 0;
945 my ($self, $attribute_name) = @_;
946 (defined $attribute_name && $attribute_name)
947 || confess "You must define an attribute name";
948 return $self->get_attribute_map->{$attribute_name}
950 # this will return undef anyway, so no need ...
951 # if $self->has_attribute($attribute_name);
955 sub remove_attribute {
956 my ($self, $attribute_name) = @_;
957 (defined $attribute_name && $attribute_name)
958 || confess "You must define an attribute name";
959 my $removed_attribute = $self->get_attribute_map->{$attribute_name};
960 return unless defined $removed_attribute;
961 delete $self->get_attribute_map->{$attribute_name};
962 $self->invalidate_meta_instances();
963 $removed_attribute->remove_accessors();
964 $removed_attribute->detach_from_class();
965 return $removed_attribute;
968 sub get_attribute_list {
970 keys %{$self->get_attribute_map};
973 sub compute_all_applicable_attributes {
975 my (@attrs, %seen_attr);
976 foreach my $class ($self->linearized_isa) {
977 # fetch the meta-class ...
978 my $meta = $self->initialize($class);
979 foreach my $attr_name ($meta->get_attribute_list()) {
980 next if exists $seen_attr{$attr_name};
981 $seen_attr{$attr_name}++;
982 push @attrs => $meta->get_attribute($attr_name);
988 sub find_attribute_by_name {
989 my ($self, $attr_name) = @_;
990 foreach my $class ($self->linearized_isa) {
991 # fetch the meta-class ...
992 my $meta = $self->initialize($class);
993 return $meta->get_attribute($attr_name)
994 if $meta->has_attribute($attr_name);
1001 sub is_mutable { 1 }
1002 sub is_immutable { 0 }
1005 # Why I changed this (groditi)
1006 # - One Metaclass may have many Classes through many Metaclass instances
1007 # - One Metaclass should only have one Immutable Transformer instance
1008 # - Each Class may have different Immutabilizing options
1009 # - Therefore each Metaclass instance may have different Immutabilizing options
1010 # - We need to store one Immutable Transformer instance per Metaclass
1011 # - We need to store one set of Immutable Transformer options per Class
1012 # - Upon make_mutable we may delete the Immutabilizing options
1013 # - We could clean the immutable Transformer instance when there is no more
1014 # immutable Classes of that type, but we can also keep it in case
1015 # another class with this same Metaclass becomes immutable. It is a case
1016 # of trading of storing an instance to avoid unnecessary instantiations of
1017 # Immutable Transformers. You may view this as a memory leak, however
1018 # Because we have few Metaclasses, in practice it seems acceptable
1019 # - To allow Immutable Transformers instances to be cleaned up we could weaken
1020 # the reference stored in $IMMUTABLE_TRANSFORMERS{$class} and ||= should DWIM
1024 my %IMMUTABLE_TRANSFORMERS;
1025 my %IMMUTABLE_OPTIONS;
1027 sub get_immutable_options {
1029 return if $self->is_mutable;
1030 confess "unable to find immutabilizing options"
1031 unless exists $IMMUTABLE_OPTIONS{$self->name};
1032 my %options = %{$IMMUTABLE_OPTIONS{$self->name}};
1033 delete $options{IMMUTABLE_TRANSFORMER};
1037 sub get_immutable_transformer {
1039 if( $self->is_mutable ){
1040 my $class = blessed $self || $self;
1041 return $IMMUTABLE_TRANSFORMERS{$class} ||= $self->create_immutable_transformer;
1043 confess "unable to find transformer for immutable class"
1044 unless exists $IMMUTABLE_OPTIONS{$self->name};
1045 return $IMMUTABLE_OPTIONS{$self->name}->{IMMUTABLE_TRANSFORMER};
1048 sub make_immutable {
1052 my $transformer = $self->get_immutable_transformer;
1053 $transformer->make_metaclass_immutable($self, \%options);
1054 $IMMUTABLE_OPTIONS{$self->name} =
1055 { %options, IMMUTABLE_TRANSFORMER => $transformer };
1057 if( exists $options{debug} && $options{debug} ){
1058 print STDERR "# of Metaclass options: ", keys %IMMUTABLE_OPTIONS;
1059 print STDERR "# of Immutable transformers: ", keys %IMMUTABLE_TRANSFORMERS;
1067 return if $self->is_mutable;
1068 my $options = delete $IMMUTABLE_OPTIONS{$self->name};
1069 confess "unable to find immutabilizing options" unless ref $options;
1070 my $transformer = delete $options->{IMMUTABLE_TRANSFORMER};
1071 $transformer->make_metaclass_mutable($self, $options);
1076 sub create_immutable_transformer {
1078 my $class = Class::MOP::Immutable->new($self, {
1079 read_only => [qw/superclasses/],
1086 remove_package_symbol
1089 class_precedence_list => 'ARRAY',
1090 linearized_isa => 'ARRAY',
1091 compute_all_applicable_attributes => 'ARRAY',
1092 get_meta_instance => 'SCALAR',
1093 get_method_map => 'SCALAR',
1096 # this is ugly, but so are typeglobs,
1097 # so whattayahgonnadoboutit
1100 add_package_symbol => sub {
1101 my $original = shift;
1102 confess "Cannot add package symbols to an immutable metaclass"
1103 unless (caller(2))[3] eq 'Class::MOP::Package::get_package_symbol';
1104 goto $original->body;
1119 Class::MOP::Class - Class Meta Object
1123 # assuming that class Foo
1124 # has been defined, you can
1126 # use this for introspection ...
1128 # add a method to Foo ...
1129 Foo->meta->add_method('bar' => sub { ... })
1131 # get a list of all the classes searched
1132 # the method dispatcher in the correct order
1133 Foo->meta->class_precedence_list()
1135 # remove a method from Foo
1136 Foo->meta->remove_method('bar');
1138 # or use this to actually create classes ...
1140 Class::MOP::Class->create('Bar' => (
1142 superclasses => [ 'Foo' ],
1144 Class::MOP:::Attribute->new('$bar'),
1145 Class::MOP:::Attribute->new('$baz'),
1148 calculate_bar => sub { ... },
1149 construct_baz => sub { ... }
1155 This is the largest and currently most complex part of the Perl 5
1156 meta-object protocol. It controls the introspection and
1157 manipulation of Perl 5 classes (and it can create them too). The
1158 best way to understand what this module can do, is to read the
1159 documentation for each of it's methods.
1163 =head2 Self Introspection
1169 This will return a B<Class::MOP::Class> instance which is related
1170 to this class. Thereby allowing B<Class::MOP::Class> to actually
1173 As with B<Class::MOP::Attribute>, B<Class::MOP> will actually
1174 bootstrap this module by installing a number of attribute meta-objects
1175 into it's metaclass. This will allow this class to reap all the benifits
1176 of the MOP when subclassing it.
1180 =head2 Class construction
1182 These methods will handle creating B<Class::MOP::Class> objects,
1183 which can be used to both create new classes, and analyze
1184 pre-existing classes.
1186 This module will internally store references to all the instances
1187 you create with these methods, so that they do not need to be
1188 created any more than nessecary. Basically, they are singletons.
1192 =item B<create ($package_name,
1193 version =E<gt> ?$version,
1194 authority =E<gt> ?$authority,
1195 superclasses =E<gt> ?@superclasses,
1196 methods =E<gt> ?%methods,
1197 attributes =E<gt> ?%attributes)>
1199 This returns a B<Class::MOP::Class> object, bringing the specified
1200 C<$package_name> into existence and adding any of the C<$version>,
1201 C<$authority>, C<@superclasses>, C<%methods> and C<%attributes> to
1204 =item B<create_anon_class (superclasses =E<gt> ?@superclasses,
1205 methods =E<gt> ?%methods,
1206 attributes =E<gt> ?%attributes)>
1208 This will create an anonymous class, it works much like C<create> but
1209 it does not need a C<$package_name>. Instead it will create a suitably
1210 unique package name for you to stash things into.
1212 On very important distinction is that anon classes are destroyed once
1213 the metaclass they are attached to goes out of scope. In the DESTROY
1214 method, the created package will be removed from the symbol table.
1216 It is also worth noting that any instances created with an anon-class
1217 will keep a special reference to the anon-meta which will prevent the
1218 anon-class from going out of scope until all instances of it have also
1219 been destroyed. This however only works for HASH based instance types,
1220 as we use a special reserved slot (C<__MOP__>) to store this.
1222 =item B<initialize ($package_name, %options)>
1224 This initializes and returns returns a B<Class::MOP::Class> object
1225 for a given a C<$package_name>.
1227 =item B<reinitialize ($package_name, %options)>
1229 This removes the old metaclass, and creates a new one in it's place.
1230 Do B<not> use this unless you really know what you are doing, it could
1231 very easily make a very large mess of your program.
1233 =item B<construct_class_instance (%options)>
1235 This will construct an instance of B<Class::MOP::Class>, it is
1236 here so that we can actually "tie the knot" for B<Class::MOP::Class>
1237 to use C<construct_instance> once all the bootstrapping is done. This
1238 method is used internally by C<initialize> and should never be called
1239 from outside of that method really.
1241 =item B<check_metaclass_compatability>
1243 This method is called as the very last thing in the
1244 C<construct_class_instance> method. This will check that the
1245 metaclass you are creating is compatible with the metaclasses of all
1246 your ancestors. For more inforamtion about metaclass compatibility
1247 see the C<About Metaclass compatibility> section in L<Class::MOP>.
1249 =item B<update_package_cache_flag>
1251 This will reset the package cache flag for this particular metaclass
1252 it is basically the value of the C<Class::MOP::get_package_cache_flag>
1253 function. This is very rarely needed from outside of C<Class::MOP::Class>
1254 but in some cases you might want to use it, so it is here.
1256 =item B<reset_package_cache_flag>
1258 Clears the package cache flag to announce to the internals that we need
1259 to rebuild the method map.
1261 =item B<add_meta_instance_dependencies>
1263 Registers this class as dependent on its superclasses.
1265 Only superclasses from which this class inherits attributes will be added.
1267 =item B<remove_meta_instance_depdendencies>
1269 Unregisters this class from its superclasses.
1271 =item B<update_meta_instance_dependencies>
1273 Reregisters if necessary.
1275 =item B<add_dependent_meta_instance> $metaclass
1277 Registers the class as having a meta instance dependent on this class.
1279 =item B<remove_dependent_meta_instance> $metaclass
1281 Remove the class from the list of dependent classes.
1283 =item B<invalidate_meta_instances>
1285 Clears the cached meta instance for this metaclass and all of the registered
1286 classes with dependent meta instances.
1288 Called by C<add_attribute> and C<remove_attribute> to recalculate the attribute
1291 =item B<invalidate_meta_instance>
1293 Used by C<invalidate_meta_instances>.
1297 =head2 Object instance construction and cloning
1299 These methods are B<entirely optional>, it is up to you whether you want
1304 =item B<instance_metaclass>
1306 Returns the class name of the instance metaclass, see L<Class::MOP::Instance>
1307 for more information on the instance metaclasses.
1309 =item B<get_meta_instance>
1311 Returns an instance of L<Class::MOP::Instance> to be used in the construction
1312 of a new instance of the class.
1314 =item B<create_meta_instance>
1316 Called by C<get_meta_instance> if necessary.
1318 =item B<new_object (%params)>
1320 This is a convience method for creating a new object of the class, and
1321 blessing it into the appropriate package as well. Ideally your class
1322 would call a C<new> this method like so:
1325 my ($class, %param) = @_;
1326 $class->meta->new_object(%params);
1329 =item B<construct_instance (%params)>
1331 This method is used to construct an instance structure suitable for
1332 C<bless>-ing into your package of choice. It works in conjunction
1333 with the Attribute protocol to collect all applicable attributes.
1335 This will construct and instance using a HASH ref as storage
1336 (currently only HASH references are supported). This will collect all
1337 the applicable attributes and layout out the fields in the HASH ref,
1338 it will then initialize them using either use the corresponding key
1339 in C<%params> or any default value or initializer found in the
1340 attribute meta-object.
1342 =item B<clone_object ($instance, %params)>
1344 This is a convience method for cloning an object instance, then
1345 blessing it into the appropriate package. This method will call
1346 C<clone_instance>, which performs a shallow copy of the object,
1347 see that methods documentation for more details. Ideally your
1348 class would call a C<clone> this method like so:
1350 sub MyClass::clone {
1351 my ($self, %param) = @_;
1352 $self->meta->clone_object($self, %params);
1355 =item B<clone_instance($instance, %params)>
1357 This method is a compliment of C<construct_instance> (which means if
1358 you override C<construct_instance>, you need to override this one too),
1359 and clones the instance shallowly.
1361 The cloned structure returned is (like with C<construct_instance>) an
1362 unC<bless>ed HASH reference, it is your responsibility to then bless
1363 this cloned structure into the right class (which C<clone_object> will
1366 As of 0.11, this method will clone the C<$instance> structure shallowly,
1367 as opposed to the deep cloning implemented in prior versions. After much
1368 thought, research and discussion, I have decided that anything but basic
1369 shallow cloning is outside the scope of the meta-object protocol. I
1370 think Yuval "nothingmuch" Kogman put it best when he said that cloning
1371 is too I<context-specific> to be part of the MOP.
1373 =item B<rebless_instance($instance, ?%params)>
1375 This will change the class of C<$instance> to the class of the invoking
1376 C<Class::MOP::Class>. You may only rebless the instance to a subclass of
1377 itself. You may pass in optional C<%params> which are like constructor
1378 params and will override anything already defined in the instance.
1382 =head2 Informational
1384 These are a few predicate methods for asking information about the class.
1388 =item B<is_anon_class>
1390 This returns true if the class is a C<Class::MOP::Class> created anon class.
1394 This returns true if the class is still mutable.
1396 =item B<is_immutable>
1398 This returns true if the class has been made immutable.
1402 =head2 Inheritance Relationships
1406 =item B<superclasses (?@superclasses)>
1408 This is a read-write attribute which represents the superclass
1409 relationships of the class the B<Class::MOP::Class> instance is
1410 associated with. Basically, it can get and set the C<@ISA> for you.
1412 =item B<class_precedence_list>
1414 This computes the a list of all the class's ancestors in the same order
1415 in which method dispatch will be done. This is similair to what
1416 B<Class::ISA::super_path> does, but we don't remove duplicate names.
1418 =item B<linearized_isa>
1420 This returns a list based on C<class_precedence_list> but with all
1425 This returns a list of subclasses for this class.
1433 =item B<get_method_map>
1435 Returns a HASH ref of name to CODE reference mapping for this class.
1437 =item B<method_metaclass>
1439 Returns the class name of the method metaclass, see L<Class::MOP::Method>
1440 for more information on the method metaclasses.
1442 =item B<add_method ($method_name, $method)>
1444 This will take a C<$method_name> and CODE reference to that
1445 C<$method> and install it into the class's package.
1448 This does absolutely nothing special to C<$method>
1449 other than use B<Sub::Name> to make sure it is tagged with the
1450 correct name, and therefore show up correctly in stack traces and
1453 =item B<alias_method ($method_name, $method)>
1455 This will take a C<$method_name> and CODE reference to that
1456 C<$method> and alias the method into the class's package.
1459 Unlike C<add_method>, this will B<not> try to name the
1460 C<$method> using B<Sub::Name>, it only aliases the method in
1461 the class's package.
1463 =item B<has_method ($method_name)>
1465 This just provides a simple way to check if the class implements
1466 a specific C<$method_name>. It will I<not> however, attempt to check
1467 if the class inherits the method (use C<UNIVERSAL::can> for that).
1469 This will correctly handle functions defined outside of the package
1470 that use a fully qualified name (C<sub Package::name { ... }>).
1472 This will correctly handle functions renamed with B<Sub::Name> and
1473 installed using the symbol tables. However, if you are naming the
1474 subroutine outside of the package scope, you must use the fully
1475 qualified name, including the package name, for C<has_method> to
1476 correctly identify it.
1478 This will attempt to correctly ignore functions imported from other
1479 packages using B<Exporter>. It breaks down if the function imported
1480 is an C<__ANON__> sub (such as with C<use constant>), which very well
1481 may be a valid method being applied to the class.
1483 In short, this method cannot always be trusted to determine if the
1484 C<$method_name> is actually a method. However, it will DWIM about
1485 90% of the time, so it's a small trade off I think.
1487 =item B<get_method ($method_name)>
1489 This will return a Class::MOP::Method instance related to the specified
1490 C<$method_name>, or return undef if that method does not exist.
1492 The Class::MOP::Method is codifiable, so you can use it like a normal
1493 CODE reference, see L<Class::MOP::Method> for more information.
1495 =item B<find_method_by_name ($method_name)>
1497 This will return a CODE reference of the specified C<$method_name>,
1498 or return undef if that method does not exist.
1500 Unlike C<get_method> this will also look in the superclasses.
1502 =item B<remove_method ($method_name)>
1504 This will attempt to remove a given C<$method_name> from the class.
1505 It will return the CODE reference that it has removed, and will
1506 attempt to use B<Sub::Name> to clear the methods associated name.
1508 =item B<get_method_list>
1510 This will return a list of method names for all I<locally> defined
1511 methods. It does B<not> provide a list of all applicable methods,
1512 including any inherited ones. If you want a list of all applicable
1513 methods, use the C<compute_all_applicable_methods> method.
1515 =item B<compute_all_applicable_methods>
1517 This will return a list of all the methods names this class will
1518 respond to, taking into account inheritance. The list will be a list of
1519 HASH references, each one containing the following information; method
1520 name, the name of the class in which the method lives and a CODE
1521 reference for the actual method.
1523 =item B<find_all_methods_by_name ($method_name)>
1525 This will traverse the inheritence hierarchy and locate all methods
1526 with a given C<$method_name>. Similar to
1527 C<compute_all_applicable_methods> it returns a list of HASH references
1528 with the following information; method name (which will always be the
1529 same as C<$method_name>), the name of the class in which the method
1530 lives and a CODE reference for the actual method.
1532 The list of methods produced is a distinct list, meaning there are no
1533 duplicates in it. This is especially useful for things like object
1534 initialization and destruction where you only want the method called
1535 once, and in the correct order.
1537 =item B<find_next_method_by_name ($method_name)>
1539 This will return the first method to match a given C<$method_name> in
1540 the superclasses, this is basically equivalent to calling
1541 C<SUPER::$method_name>, but it can be dispatched at runtime.
1545 =head2 Method Modifiers
1547 Method modifiers are a concept borrowed from CLOS, in which a method
1548 can be wrapped with I<before>, I<after> and I<around> method modifiers
1549 that will be called everytime the method is called.
1551 =head3 How method modifiers work?
1553 Method modifiers work by wrapping the original method and then replacing
1554 it in the classes symbol table. The wrappers will handle calling all the
1555 modifiers in the appropariate orders and preserving the calling context
1556 for the original method.
1558 Each method modifier serves a particular purpose, which may not be
1559 obvious to users of other method wrapping modules. To start with, the
1560 return values of I<before> and I<after> modifiers are ignored. This is
1561 because thier purpose is B<not> to filter the input and output of the
1562 primary method (this is done with an I<around> modifier). This may seem
1563 like an odd restriction to some, but doing this allows for simple code
1564 to be added at the begining or end of a method call without jeapordizing
1565 the normal functioning of the primary method or placing any extra
1566 responsibility on the code of the modifier. Of course if you have more
1567 complex needs, then use the I<around> modifier, which uses a variation
1568 of continutation passing style to allow for a high degree of flexibility.
1570 Before and around modifiers are called in last-defined-first-called order,
1571 while after modifiers are called in first-defined-first-called order. So
1572 the call tree might looks something like this:
1582 To see examples of using method modifiers, see the following examples
1583 included in the distribution; F<InstanceCountingClass>, F<Perl6Attribute>,
1584 F<AttributesWithHistory> and F<C3MethodDispatchOrder>. There is also a
1585 classic CLOS usage example in the test F<017_add_method_modifier.t>.
1587 =head3 What is the performance impact?
1589 Of course there is a performance cost associated with method modifiers,
1590 but we have made every effort to make that cost be directly proportional
1591 to the amount of modifier features you utilize.
1593 The wrapping method does it's best to B<only> do as much work as it
1594 absolutely needs to. In order to do this we have moved some of the
1595 performance costs to set-up time, where they are easier to amortize.
1597 All this said, my benchmarks have indicated the following:
1599 simple wrapper with no modifiers 100% slower
1600 simple wrapper with simple before modifier 400% slower
1601 simple wrapper with simple after modifier 450% slower
1602 simple wrapper with simple around modifier 500-550% slower
1603 simple wrapper with all 3 modifiers 1100% slower
1605 These numbers may seem daunting, but you must remember, every feature
1606 comes with some cost. To put things in perspective, just doing a simple
1607 C<AUTOLOAD> which does nothing but extract the name of the method called
1608 and return it costs about 400% over a normal method call.
1612 =item B<add_before_method_modifier ($method_name, $code)>
1614 This will wrap the method at C<$method_name> and the supplied C<$code>
1615 will be passed the C<@_> arguments, and called before the original
1616 method is called. As specified above, the return value of the I<before>
1617 method modifiers is ignored, and it's ability to modify C<@_> is
1618 fairly limited. If you need to do either of these things, use an
1619 C<around> method modifier.
1621 =item B<add_after_method_modifier ($method_name, $code)>
1623 This will wrap the method at C<$method_name> so that the original
1624 method will be called, it's return values stashed, and then the
1625 supplied C<$code> will be passed the C<@_> arguments, and called.
1626 As specified above, the return value of the I<after> method
1627 modifiers is ignored, and it cannot modify the return values of
1628 the original method. If you need to do either of these things, use an
1629 C<around> method modifier.
1631 =item B<add_around_method_modifier ($method_name, $code)>
1633 This will wrap the method at C<$method_name> so that C<$code>
1634 will be called and passed the original method as an extra argument
1635 at the begining of the C<@_> argument list. This is a variation of
1636 continuation passing style, where the function prepended to C<@_>
1637 can be considered a continuation. It is up to C<$code> if it calls
1638 the original method or not, there is no restriction on what the
1639 C<$code> can or cannot do.
1645 It should be noted that since there is no one consistent way to define
1646 the attributes of a class in Perl 5. These methods can only work with
1647 the information given, and can not easily discover information on
1648 their own. See L<Class::MOP::Attribute> for more details.
1652 =item B<attribute_metaclass>
1654 Returns the class name of the attribute metaclass, see L<Class::MOP::Attribute>
1655 for more information on the attribute metaclasses.
1657 =item B<get_attribute_map>
1659 This returns a HASH ref of name to attribute meta-object mapping.
1661 =item B<add_attribute ($attribute_meta_object | ($attribute_name, %attribute_spec))>
1663 This stores the C<$attribute_meta_object> (or creates one from the
1664 C<$attribute_name> and C<%attribute_spec>) in the B<Class::MOP::Class>
1665 instance associated with the given class. Unlike methods, attributes
1666 within the MOP are stored as meta-information only. They will be used
1667 later to construct instances from (see C<construct_instance> above).
1668 More details about the attribute meta-objects can be found in the
1669 L<Class::MOP::Attribute> or the L<Class::MOP/The Attribute protocol>
1672 It should be noted that any accessor, reader/writer or predicate
1673 methods which the C<$attribute_meta_object> has will be installed
1674 into the class at this time.
1677 If an attribute already exists for C<$attribute_name>, the old one
1678 will be removed (as well as removing all it's accessors), and then
1681 =item B<has_attribute ($attribute_name)>
1683 Checks to see if this class has an attribute by the name of
1684 C<$attribute_name> and returns a boolean.
1686 =item B<get_attribute ($attribute_name)>
1688 Returns the attribute meta-object associated with C<$attribute_name>,
1689 if none is found, it will return undef.
1691 =item B<remove_attribute ($attribute_name)>
1693 This will remove the attribute meta-object stored at
1694 C<$attribute_name>, then return the removed attribute meta-object.
1697 Removing an attribute will only affect future instances of
1698 the class, it will not make any attempt to remove the attribute from
1699 any existing instances of the class.
1701 It should be noted that any accessor, reader/writer or predicate
1702 methods which the attribute meta-object stored at C<$attribute_name>
1703 has will be removed from the class at this time. This B<will> make
1704 these attributes somewhat inaccessable in previously created
1705 instances. But if you are crazy enough to do this at runtime, then
1706 you are crazy enough to deal with something like this :).
1708 =item B<get_attribute_list>
1710 This returns a list of attribute names which are defined in the local
1711 class. If you want a list of all applicable attributes for a class,
1712 use the C<compute_all_applicable_attributes> method.
1714 =item B<compute_all_applicable_attributes>
1716 This will traverse the inheritance heirachy and return a list of all
1717 the applicable attributes for this class. It does not construct a
1718 HASH reference like C<compute_all_applicable_methods> because all
1719 that same information is discoverable through the attribute
1722 =item B<find_attribute_by_name ($attr_name)>
1724 This method will traverse the inheritance heirachy and find the
1725 first attribute whose name matches C<$attr_name>, then return it.
1726 It will return undef if nothing is found.
1730 =head2 Class Immutability
1734 =item B<make_immutable (%options)>
1736 This method will invoke a tranforamtion upon the class which will
1737 make it immutable. Details of this transformation can be found in
1738 the L<Class::MOP::Immutable> documentation.
1740 =item B<make_mutable>
1742 This method will reverse tranforamtion upon the class which
1745 =item B<get_immutable_transformer>
1747 Return a transformer suitable for making this class immutable or, if this
1748 class is immutable, the transformer used to make it immutable.
1750 =item B<get_immutable_options>
1752 If the class is immutable, return the options used to make it immutable.
1754 =item B<create_immutable_transformer>
1756 Create a transformer suitable for making this class immutable
1762 Stevan Little E<lt>stevan@iinteractive.comE<gt>
1764 =head1 COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE
1766 Copyright 2006-2008 by Infinity Interactive, Inc.
1768 L<http://www.iinteractive.com>
1770 This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
1771 it under the same terms as Perl itself.