4 use Moose::Meta::Class ();
5 extends 'Catalyst::Component';
6 use Moose::Util qw/find_meta/;
7 use namespace::clean -except => 'meta';
8 use Catalyst::Exception;
9 use Catalyst::Exception::Detach;
10 use Catalyst::Exception::Go;
12 use Catalyst::Request;
13 use Catalyst::Request::Upload;
14 use Catalyst::Response;
16 use Catalyst::Controller;
19 use Text::SimpleTable ();
20 use Path::Class::Dir ();
21 use Path::Class::File ();
25 use Tree::Simple qw/use_weak_refs/;
26 use Tree::Simple::Visitor::FindByUID;
27 use Class::C3::Adopt::NEXT;
28 use List::MoreUtils qw/uniq/;
30 use String::RewritePrefix;
31 use Catalyst::EngineLoader;
33 use Carp qw/croak carp shortmess/;
36 use Plack::Middleware::Conditional;
37 use Plack::Middleware::ReverseProxy;
38 use Plack::Middleware::IIS6ScriptNameFix;
39 use Plack::Middleware::IIS7KeepAliveFix;
40 use Plack::Middleware::LighttpdScriptNameFix;
42 BEGIN { require 5.008003; }
44 has stack => (is => 'ro', default => sub { [] });
45 has stash => (is => 'rw', default => sub { {} });
46 has state => (is => 'rw', default => 0);
47 has stats => (is => 'rw');
48 has action => (is => 'rw');
49 has counter => (is => 'rw', default => sub { {} });
54 $self->request_class->new($self->_build_request_constructor_args);
58 sub _build_request_constructor_args {
60 my %p = ( _log => $self->log );
61 $p{_uploadtmp} = $self->_uploadtmp if $self->_has_uploadtmp;
69 $self->response_class->new($self->_build_response_constructor_args);
73 sub _build_response_constructor_args {
75 { _log => $self->log };
78 has namespace => (is => 'rw');
80 sub depth { scalar @{ shift->stack || [] }; }
81 sub comp { shift->component(@_) }
84 my $self = shift; return $self->request(@_);
87 my $self = shift; return $self->response(@_);
90 # For backwards compatibility
91 sub finalize_output { shift->finalize_body(@_) };
96 our $RECURSION = 1000;
97 our $DETACH = Catalyst::Exception::Detach->new;
98 our $GO = Catalyst::Exception::Go->new;
100 #I imagine that very few of these really need to be class variables. if any.
101 #maybe we should just make them attributes with a default?
102 __PACKAGE__->mk_classdata($_)
103 for qw/container arguments dispatcher engine log dispatcher_class
104 engine_loader context_class request_class response_class stats_class
105 setup_finished _psgi_app loading_psgi_file run_options/;
107 __PACKAGE__->dispatcher_class('Catalyst::Dispatcher');
108 __PACKAGE__->request_class('Catalyst::Request');
109 __PACKAGE__->response_class('Catalyst::Response');
110 __PACKAGE__->stats_class('Catalyst::Stats');
112 # Remember to update this in Catalyst::Runtime as well!
114 our $VERSION = '5.90017';
117 my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_;
119 # We have to limit $class to Catalyst to avoid pushing Catalyst upon every
121 return unless $class eq 'Catalyst';
123 my $caller = caller();
124 return if $caller eq 'main';
126 my $meta = Moose::Meta::Class->initialize($caller);
128 unless ( $caller->isa('Catalyst') ) { # XXX - Remove!
129 my @superclasses = ($meta->superclasses, $class, 'Catalyst::Component'); # XXX - Remove!
130 $meta->superclasses(@superclasses); # XXX - Remove!
133 # Avoid possible C3 issues if 'Moose::Object' is already on RHS of MyApp
134 $meta->superclasses(grep { $_ ne 'Moose::Object' } $meta->superclasses);
136 unless( $meta->has_method('meta') ){
137 if ($Moose::VERSION >= 1.15) {
138 $meta->_add_meta_method('meta');
141 $meta->add_method(meta => sub { Moose::Meta::Class->initialize("${caller}") } );
145 $caller->arguments( [@arguments] );
149 # we call setup_home on import AND on ->setup
150 # is there a reason for it?
151 # anyway there is no point for setup_home without setup_config() so...
152 $caller->setup_config;
156 sub MODIFY_CODE_ATTRIBUTES {
157 Catalyst::Exception->throw(
158 "Catalyst applications (aka MyApp) cannot be controllers anymore. " .
159 "That has been deprecated and removed. You should create a " .
160 "controller class called Root.pm, and move relevant code to that class."
165 sub _application { $_[0] }
171 Catalyst - The Elegant MVC Web Application Framework
175 See the L<Catalyst::Manual> distribution for comprehensive
176 documentation and tutorials.
178 # Install Catalyst::Devel for helpers and other development tools
179 # use the helper to create a new application
182 # add models, views, controllers
183 script/myapp_create.pl model MyDatabase DBIC::Schema create=static dbi:SQLite:/path/to/db
184 script/myapp_create.pl view MyTemplate TT
185 script/myapp_create.pl controller Search
187 # built in testserver -- use -r to restart automatically on changes
188 # --help to see all available options
189 script/myapp_server.pl
191 # command line testing interface
192 script/myapp_test.pl /yada
195 use Catalyst qw/-Debug/; # include plugins here as well
197 ### In lib/MyApp/Controller/Root.pm (autocreated)
198 sub foo : Chained('/') Args() { # called for /foo, /foo/1, /foo/1/2, etc.
199 my ( $self, $c, @args ) = @_; # args are qw/1 2/ for /foo/1/2
200 $c->stash->{template} = 'foo.tt'; # set the template
201 # lookup something from db -- stash vars are passed to TT
203 $c->model('Database::Foo')->search( { country => $args[0] } );
204 if ( $c->req->params->{bar} ) { # access GET or POST parameters
205 $c->forward( 'bar' ); # process another action
206 # do something else after forward returns
210 # The foo.tt TT template can use the stash data from the database
211 [% WHILE (item = data.next) %]
215 # called for /bar/of/soap, /bar/of/soap/10, etc.
216 sub bar : Chained('/') PathPart('/bar/of/soap') Args() { ... }
218 # called after all actions are finished
220 my ( $self, $c ) = @_;
221 if ( scalar @{ $c->error } ) { ... } # handle errors
222 return if $c->res->body; # already have a response
223 $c->forward( 'MyApp::View::TT' ); # render template
226 See L<Catalyst::Manual::Intro> for additional information.
230 Catalyst is a modern framework for making web applications without the
231 pain usually associated with this process. This document is a reference
232 to the main Catalyst application. If you are a new user, we suggest you
233 start with L<Catalyst::Manual::Tutorial> or L<Catalyst::Manual::Intro>.
235 See L<Catalyst::Manual> for more documentation.
237 Catalyst plugins can be loaded by naming them as arguments to the "use
238 Catalyst" statement. Omit the C<Catalyst::Plugin::> prefix from the
239 plugin name, i.e., C<Catalyst::Plugin::My::Module> becomes
242 use Catalyst qw/My::Module/;
244 If your plugin starts with a name other than C<Catalyst::Plugin::>, you can
245 fully qualify the name by using a unary plus:
249 +Fully::Qualified::Plugin::Name
252 Special flags like C<-Debug> can also be specified as
253 arguments when Catalyst is loaded:
255 use Catalyst qw/-Debug My::Module/;
257 The position of plugins and flags in the chain is important, because
258 they are loaded in the order in which they appear.
260 The following flags are supported:
264 Enables debug output. You can also force this setting from the system
265 environment with CATALYST_DEBUG or <MYAPP>_DEBUG. The environment
266 settings override the application, with <MYAPP>_DEBUG having the highest
269 This sets the log level to 'debug' and enables full debug output on the
270 error screen. If you only want the latter, see L<< $c->debug >>.
274 Forces Catalyst to use a specific home directory, e.g.:
276 use Catalyst qw[-Home=/usr/mst];
278 This can also be done in the shell environment by setting either the
279 C<CATALYST_HOME> environment variable or C<MYAPP_HOME>; where C<MYAPP>
280 is replaced with the uppercased name of your application, any "::" in
281 the name will be replaced with underscores, e.g. MyApp::Web should use
282 MYAPP_WEB_HOME. If both variables are set, the MYAPP_HOME one will be used.
284 If none of these are set, Catalyst will attempt to automatically detect the
285 home directory. If you are working in a development environment, Catalyst
286 will try and find the directory containing either Makefile.PL, Build.PL or
287 dist.ini. If the application has been installed into the system (i.e.
288 you have done C<make install>), then Catalyst will use the path to your
289 application module, without the .pm extension (e.g., /foo/MyApp if your
290 application was installed at /foo/MyApp.pm)
294 use Catalyst '-Log=warn,fatal,error';
296 Specifies a comma-delimited list of log levels.
300 Enables statistics collection and reporting.
302 use Catalyst qw/-Stats=1/;
304 You can also force this setting from the system environment with CATALYST_STATS
305 or <MYAPP>_STATS. The environment settings override the application, with
306 <MYAPP>_STATS having the highest priority.
308 Stats are also enabled if L<< debugging |/"-Debug" >> is enabled.
312 =head2 INFORMATION ABOUT THE CURRENT REQUEST
316 Returns a L<Catalyst::Action> object for the current action, which
317 stringifies to the action name. See L<Catalyst::Action>.
321 Returns the namespace of the current action, i.e., the URI prefix
322 corresponding to the controller of the current action. For example:
324 # in Controller::Foo::Bar
325 $c->namespace; # returns 'foo/bar';
331 Returns the current L<Catalyst::Request> object, giving access to
332 information about the current client request (including parameters,
333 cookies, HTTP headers, etc.). See L<Catalyst::Request>.
335 =head2 REQUEST FLOW HANDLING
337 =head2 $c->forward( $action [, \@arguments ] )
339 =head2 $c->forward( $class, $method, [, \@arguments ] )
341 Forwards processing to another action, by its private name. If you give a
342 class name but no method, C<process()> is called. You may also optionally
343 pass arguments in an arrayref. The action will receive the arguments in
344 C<@_> and C<< $c->req->args >>. Upon returning from the function,
345 C<< $c->req->args >> will be restored to the previous values.
347 Any data C<return>ed from the action forwarded to, will be returned by the
350 my $foodata = $c->forward('/foo');
351 $c->forward('index');
352 $c->forward(qw/Model::DBIC::Foo do_stuff/);
353 $c->forward('View::TT');
355 Note that L<< forward|/"$c->forward( $action [, \@arguments ] )" >> implies
356 an C<< eval { } >> around the call (actually
357 L<< execute|/"$c->execute( $class, $coderef )" >> does), thus rendering all
358 exceptions thrown by the called action non-fatal and pushing them onto
359 $c->error instead. If you want C<die> to propagate you need to do something
363 die join "\n", @{ $c->error } if @{ $c->error };
365 Or make sure to always return true values from your actions and write
368 $c->forward('foo') || return;
370 Another note is that C<< $c->forward >> always returns a scalar because it
371 actually returns $c->state which operates in a scalar context.
372 Thus, something like:
376 in an action that is forwarded to is going to return a scalar,
377 i.e. how many items are in that array, which is probably not what you want.
378 If you need to return an array then return a reference to it,
381 $c->stash->{array} = \@array;
383 and access it from the stash.
385 Keep in mind that the C<end> method used is that of the caller action. So a C<$c-E<gt>detach> inside a forwarded action would run the C<end> method from the original action requested.
389 sub forward { my $c = shift; no warnings 'recursion'; $c->dispatcher->forward( $c, @_ ) }
391 =head2 $c->detach( $action [, \@arguments ] )
393 =head2 $c->detach( $class, $method, [, \@arguments ] )
397 The same as L<< forward|/"$c->forward( $action [, \@arguments ] )" >>, but
398 doesn't return to the previous action when processing is finished.
400 When called with no arguments it escapes the processing chain entirely.
404 sub detach { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->detach( $c, @_ ) }
406 =head2 $c->visit( $action [, \@arguments ] )
408 =head2 $c->visit( $action [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )
410 =head2 $c->visit( $class, $method, [, \@arguments ] )
412 =head2 $c->visit( $class, $method, [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )
414 Almost the same as L<< forward|/"$c->forward( $action [, \@arguments ] )" >>,
415 but does a full dispatch, instead of just calling the new C<$action> /
416 C<< $class->$method >>. This means that C<begin>, C<auto> and the method
417 you go to are called, just like a new request.
419 In addition both C<< $c->action >> and C<< $c->namespace >> are localized.
420 This means, for example, that C<< $c->action >> methods such as
421 L<name|Catalyst::Action/name>, L<class|Catalyst::Action/class> and
422 L<reverse|Catalyst::Action/reverse> return information for the visited action
423 when they are invoked within the visited action. This is different from the
424 behavior of L<< forward|/"$c->forward( $action [, \@arguments ] )" >>, which
425 continues to use the $c->action object from the caller action even when
426 invoked from the called action.
428 C<< $c->stash >> is kept unchanged.
430 In effect, L<< visit|/"$c->visit( $action [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )" >>
431 allows you to "wrap" another action, just as it would have been called by
432 dispatching from a URL, while the analogous
433 L<< go|/"$c->go( $action [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )" >> allows you to
434 transfer control to another action as if it had been reached directly from a URL.
438 sub visit { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->visit( $c, @_ ) }
440 =head2 $c->go( $action [, \@arguments ] )
442 =head2 $c->go( $action [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )
444 =head2 $c->go( $class, $method, [, \@arguments ] )
446 =head2 $c->go( $class, $method, [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )
448 The relationship between C<go> and
449 L<< visit|/"$c->visit( $action [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )" >> is the same as
450 the relationship between
451 L<< forward|/"$c->forward( $class, $method, [, \@arguments ] )" >> and
452 L<< detach|/"$c->detach( $action [, \@arguments ] )" >>. Like C<< $c->visit >>,
453 C<< $c->go >> will perform a full dispatch on the specified action or method,
454 with localized C<< $c->action >> and C<< $c->namespace >>. Like C<detach>,
455 C<go> escapes the processing of the current request chain on completion, and
456 does not return to its caller.
458 @arguments are arguments to the final destination of $action. @captures are
459 arguments to the intermediate steps, if any, on the way to the final sub of
464 sub go { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->go( $c, @_ ) }
470 Returns the current L<Catalyst::Response> object, see there for details.
474 Returns a hashref to the stash, which may be used to store data and pass
475 it between components during a request. You can also set hash keys by
476 passing arguments. The stash is automatically sent to the view. The
477 stash is cleared at the end of a request; it cannot be used for
478 persistent storage (for this you must use a session; see
479 L<Catalyst::Plugin::Session> for a complete system integrated with
482 $c->stash->{foo} = $bar;
483 $c->stash( { moose => 'majestic', qux => 0 } );
484 $c->stash( bar => 1, gorch => 2 ); # equivalent to passing a hashref
486 # stash is automatically passed to the view for use in a template
487 $c->forward( 'MyApp::View::TT' );
491 around stash => sub {
494 my $stash = $orig->($c);
496 my $new_stash = @_ > 1 ? {@_} : $_[0];
497 croak('stash takes a hash or hashref') unless ref $new_stash;
498 foreach my $key ( keys %$new_stash ) {
499 $stash->{$key} = $new_stash->{$key};
509 =head2 $c->error($error, ...)
511 =head2 $c->error($arrayref)
513 Returns an arrayref containing error messages. If Catalyst encounters an
514 error while processing a request, it stores the error in $c->error. This
515 method should only be used to store fatal error messages.
517 my @error = @{ $c->error };
521 $c->error('Something bad happened');
528 my $error = ref $_[0] eq 'ARRAY' ? $_[0] : [@_];
529 croak @$error unless ref $c;
530 push @{ $c->{error} }, @$error;
532 elsif ( defined $_[0] ) { $c->{error} = undef }
533 return $c->{error} || [];
539 Contains the return value of the last executed action.
540 Note that << $c->state >> operates in a scalar context which means that all
541 values it returns are scalar.
543 =head2 $c->clear_errors
545 Clear errors. You probably don't want to clear the errors unless you are
546 implementing a custom error screen.
548 This is equivalent to running
559 =head2 COMPONENT ACCESSORS
561 =head2 $c->controller($name)
563 Gets a L<Catalyst::Controller> instance by name.
565 $c->controller('Foo')->do_stuff;
567 If the name is omitted, will return the controller for the dispatched
570 If you want to search for controllers, pass in a regexp as the argument.
572 # find all controllers that start with Foo
573 my @foo_controllers = $c->controller(qr{^Foo});
578 sub controller { shift->_lookup_mvc('controller', @_) }
580 =head2 $c->model($name)
582 Gets a L<Catalyst::Model> instance by name.
584 $c->model('Foo')->do_stuff;
586 Any extra arguments are directly passed to ACCEPT_CONTEXT.
588 If the name is omitted, it will look for
589 - a model object in $c->stash->{current_model_instance}, then
590 - a model name in $c->stash->{current_model}, then
591 - a config setting 'default_model', or
592 - check if there is only one model, and return it if that's the case.
594 If you want to search for models, pass in a regexp as the argument.
596 # find all models that start with Foo
597 my @foo_models = $c->model(qr{^Foo});
601 sub model { shift->_lookup_mvc('model', @_) }
603 =head2 $c->view($name)
605 Gets a L<Catalyst::View> instance by name.
607 $c->view('Foo')->do_stuff;
609 Any extra arguments are directly passed to ACCEPT_CONTEXT.
611 If the name is omitted, it will look for
612 - a view object in $c->stash->{current_view_instance}, then
613 - a view name in $c->stash->{current_view}, then
614 - a config setting 'default_view', or
615 - check if there is only one view, and return it if that's the case.
617 If you want to search for views, pass in a regexp as the argument.
619 # find all views that start with Foo
620 my @foo_views = $c->view(qr{^Foo});
624 sub view { shift->_lookup_mvc('view', @_) }
627 my ( $c, $type, $name, @args ) = @_;
629 if (ref $c && !$name) {
630 my $current_instance = $c->stash->{"current_${type}_instance"};
631 return $current_instance
632 if $current_instance && $type ne 'controller';
634 $name = $type eq 'controller'
635 ? Catalyst::Utils::class2classshortsuffix($c->action->class)
636 : $c->stash->{"current_${type}"}
640 return $c->container->get_component_from_sub_container($type, $name, $c, @args);
643 =head2 $c->controllers
645 Returns the available names which can be passed to $c->controller
651 return $c->container->get_sub_container('controller')->get_service_list;
656 Returns the available names which can be passed to $c->model
662 return $c->container->get_sub_container('model')->get_service_list;
668 Returns the available names which can be passed to $c->view
674 return $c->container->get_sub_container('view')->get_service_list;
677 =head2 $c->comp($name)
679 =head2 $c->component($name)
681 Gets a component object by name. This method is not recommended,
682 unless you want to get a specific component by full
683 class. C<< $c->controller >>, C<< $c->model >>, and C<< $c->view >>
684 should be used instead.
686 If C<$name> is a regexp, a list of components matched against the full
687 component name will be returned.
692 my ( $c, $component, @args ) = @_;
694 unless ($component) {
695 $c->log->warn('Calling $c->component with no args is deprecated and ');
696 $c->log->warn('will be removed in a future release.');
697 $c->log->warn('Use $c->component_list instead.');
698 return $c->component_list;
701 my @result = $c->container->find_component( $component, $c, @args );
703 # list context for regexp searches
704 return @result if ref $component;
706 # only one component (if it's found) for string searches
707 return shift @result if @result;
709 if (ref $c eq $component) {
710 $c->log->warn('You are calling $c->comp("MyApp"). This behaviour is');
711 $c->log->warn('deprecated, and will be removed in a future release.');
715 $c->log->warn("Looking for '$component', but nothing was found.");
717 # I would expect to return an empty list here, but that breaks back-compat
718 $c->log->warn('Component not found, returning the list of existing');
719 $c->log->warn('components. This behavior is deprecated and will be');
720 $c->log->warn('removed in a future release. Use $c->component_list');
721 $c->log->warn('instead.');
723 return $c->component_list;
726 =head2 $c->component_list
728 Returns the sorted list of the component names of the application.
732 sub component_list { sort keys %{ shift->components } }
734 =head2 CLASS DATA AND HELPER CLASSES
738 Returns or takes a hashref containing the application's configuration.
740 __PACKAGE__->config( { db => 'dsn:SQLite:foo.db' } );
742 You can also use a C<YAML>, C<XML> or L<Config::General> config file
743 like C<myapp.conf> in your applications home directory. See
744 L<Catalyst::Plugin::ConfigLoader>.
746 =head3 Cascading configuration
748 The config method is present on all Catalyst components, and configuration
749 will be merged when an application is started. Configuration loaded with
750 L<Catalyst::Plugin::ConfigLoader> takes precedence over other configuration,
751 followed by configuration in your top level C<MyApp> class. These two
752 configurations are merged, and then configuration data whose hash key matches a
753 component name is merged with configuration for that component.
755 The configuration for a component is then passed to the C<new> method when a
756 component is constructed.
760 MyApp->config({ 'Model::Foo' => { bar => 'baz', overrides => 'me' } });
761 MyApp::Model::Foo->config({ quux => 'frob', overrides => 'this' });
763 will mean that C<MyApp::Model::Foo> receives the following data when
766 MyApp::Model::Foo->new({
772 It's common practice to use a Moose attribute
773 on the receiving component to access the config value.
775 package MyApp::Model::Foo;
779 # this attr will receive 'baz' at construction time
785 You can then get the value 'baz' by calling $c->model('Foo')->bar
786 (or $self->bar inside code in the model).
788 B<NOTE:> you MUST NOT call C<< $self->config >> or C<< __PACKAGE__->config >>
789 as a way of reading config within your code, as this B<will not> give you the
790 correctly merged config back. You B<MUST> take the config values supplied to
791 the constructor and use those instead.
795 around config => sub {
799 croak('Setting config after setup has been run is not allowed.')
800 if ( @_ and $c->setup_finished );
807 Returns the logging object instance. Unless it is already set, Catalyst
808 sets this up with a L<Catalyst::Log> object. To use your own log class,
809 set the logger with the C<< __PACKAGE__->log >> method prior to calling
810 C<< __PACKAGE__->setup >>.
812 __PACKAGE__->log( MyLogger->new );
817 $c->log->info( 'Now logging with my own logger!' );
819 Your log class should implement the methods described in
825 Returns 1 if debug mode is enabled, 0 otherwise.
827 You can enable debug mode in several ways:
831 =item By calling myapp_server.pl with the -d flag
833 =item With the environment variables MYAPP_DEBUG, or CATALYST_DEBUG
835 =item The -Debug option in your MyApp.pm
837 =item By declaring C<sub debug { 1 }> in your MyApp.pm.
841 The first three also set the log level to 'debug'.
843 Calling C<< $c->debug(1) >> has no effect.
849 =head2 $c->dispatcher
851 Returns the dispatcher instance. See L<Catalyst::Dispatcher>.
855 Returns the engine instance. See L<Catalyst::Engine>.
858 =head2 UTILITY METHODS
860 =head2 $c->path_to(@path)
862 Merges C<@path> with C<< $c->config->{home} >> and returns a
863 L<Path::Class::Dir> object. Note you can usually use this object as
864 a filename, but sometimes you will have to explicitly stringify it
865 yourself by calling the C<< ->stringify >> method.
869 $c->path_to( 'db', 'sqlite.db' );
874 my ( $c, @path ) = @_;
875 my $path = Path::Class::Dir->new( $c->config->{home}, @path );
876 if ( -d $path ) { return $path }
877 else { return Path::Class::File->new( $c->config->{home}, @path ) }
881 my ( $class, $name, $plugin, @args ) = @_;
883 # See block comment in t/aggregate/unit_core_plugin.t
884 # See block comment in t/unit_core_plugin.t
885 $class->log->warn(qq/Adding plugin using the ->plugin method is deprecated, and will be removed in a future release/);
887 $class->_register_plugin( $plugin, 1 );
889 eval { $plugin->import };
890 $class->mk_classdata($name);
892 eval { $obj = $plugin->new(@args) };
895 Catalyst::Exception->throw( message =>
896 qq/Couldn't instantiate instant plugin "$plugin", "$@"/ );
900 $class->log->debug(qq/Initialized instant plugin "$plugin" as "$name"/)
906 Initializes the dispatcher and engine, loads any plugins, and loads the
907 model, view, and controller components. You may also specify an array
908 of plugins to load here, if you choose to not load them in the C<use
912 MyApp->setup( qw/-Debug/ );
914 B<Note:> You B<should not> wrap this method with method modifiers
915 or bad things will happen - wrap the C<setup_finalize> method instead.
920 my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_;
921 croak('Running setup more than once')
922 if ( $class->setup_finished );
924 unless ( $class->isa('Catalyst') ) {
926 Catalyst::Exception->throw(
927 message => qq/'$class' does not inherit from Catalyst/ );
930 if ( $class->arguments ) {
931 @arguments = ( @arguments, @{ $class->arguments } );
937 foreach (@arguments) {
941 ( $flags->{log} ) ? 'debug,' . $flags->{log} : 'debug';
943 elsif (/^-(\w+)=?(.*)$/) {
944 $flags->{ lc $1 } = $2;
947 push @{ $flags->{plugins} }, $_;
951 $class->setup_config();
952 $class->setup_home( delete $flags->{home} );
954 $class->setup_log( delete $flags->{log} );
955 $class->setup_plugins( delete $flags->{plugins} );
956 $class->setup_dispatcher( delete $flags->{dispatcher} );
957 if (my $engine = delete $flags->{engine}) {
958 $class->log->warn("Specifying the engine in ->setup is no longer supported, see Catalyst::Upgrading");
960 $class->setup_engine();
961 $class->setup_stats( delete $flags->{stats} );
963 for my $flag ( sort keys %{$flags} ) {
965 if ( my $code = $class->can( 'setup_' . $flag ) ) {
966 &$code( $class, delete $flags->{$flag} );
969 $class->log->warn(qq/Unknown flag "$flag"/);
973 eval { require Catalyst::Devel; };
974 if( !$@ && $ENV{CATALYST_SCRIPT_GEN} && ( $ENV{CATALYST_SCRIPT_GEN} < $Catalyst::Devel::CATALYST_SCRIPT_GEN ) ) {
975 $class->log->warn(<<"EOF");
976 You are running an old script!
978 Please update by running (this will overwrite existing files):
979 catalyst.pl -force -scripts $class
981 or (this will not overwrite existing files):
982 catalyst.pl -scripts $class
987 if ( $class->debug ) {
988 my @plugins = map { "$_ " . ( $_->VERSION || '' ) } $class->registered_plugins;
991 my $column_width = Catalyst::Utils::term_width() - 6;
992 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new($column_width);
993 $t->row($_) for @plugins;
994 $class->log->debug( "Loaded plugins:\n" . $t->draw . "\n" );
997 my $dispatcher = $class->dispatcher;
998 my $engine = $class->engine;
999 my $home = $class->config->{home};
1001 $class->log->debug(sprintf(q/Loaded dispatcher "%s"/, blessed($dispatcher)));
1002 $class->log->debug(sprintf(q/Loaded engine "%s"/, blessed($engine)));
1006 ? $class->log->debug(qq/Found home "$home"/)
1007 : $class->log->debug(qq/Home "$home" doesn't exist/)
1008 : $class->log->debug(q/Couldn't find home/);
1011 # Call plugins setup, this is stupid and evil.
1012 # Also screws C3 badly on 5.10, hack to avoid.
1014 no warnings qw/redefine/;
1015 local *setup = sub { };
1016 $class->setup unless $Catalyst::__AM_RESTARTING;
1019 $class->setup_components;
1023 my $comps = $class->container->get_all_component_services($class)
1025 my $column_width = Catalyst::Utils::term_width() - 16 - 9;
1026 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new( [ $column_width, 'Class' ], [ 16, 'Lifecycle' ] );
1029 # I don't really know what we're going to show here
1030 while (my ($class, $info) = each %$comps) {
1031 my $lifecycle = $info->{backcompat_service}
1032 ? $info->{backcompat_service}->lifecycle
1033 : $info->{service}->lifecycle
1035 $t->row( $class, $lifecycle );
1038 $class->log->debug( "Loaded components:\n" . $t->draw . "\n" );
1041 $class->setup_actions;
1043 if ( $class->debug ) {
1044 my $name = $class->config->{name} || 'Application';
1045 $class->log->info("$name powered by Catalyst $Catalyst::VERSION");
1048 if ($class->config->{case_sensitive}) {
1049 $class->log->warn($class . "->config->{case_sensitive} is set.");
1050 $class->log->warn("This setting is deprecated and planned to be removed in Catalyst 5.81.");
1053 $class->setup_finalize;
1054 # Should be the last thing we do so that user things hooking
1055 # setup_finalize can log..
1056 $class->log->_flush() if $class->log->can('_flush');
1057 return 1; # Explicit return true as people have __PACKAGE__->setup as the last thing in their class. HATE.
1060 =head2 $app->setup_finalize
1062 A hook to attach modifiers to. This method does not do anything except set the
1063 C<setup_finished> accessor.
1065 Applying method modifiers to the C<setup> method doesn't work, because of quirky things done for plugin setup.
1069 after setup_finalize => sub {
1077 sub setup_finalize {
1079 $class->setup_finished(1);
1082 =head2 $c->uri_for( $path?, @args?, \%query_values? )
1084 =head2 $c->uri_for( $action, \@captures?, @args?, \%query_values? )
1086 Constructs an absolute L<URI> object based on the application root, the
1087 provided path, and the additional arguments and query parameters provided.
1088 When used as a string, provides a textual URI. If you need more flexibility
1089 than this (i.e. the option to provide relative URIs etc.) see
1090 L<Catalyst::Plugin::SmartURI>.
1092 If no arguments are provided, the URI for the current action is returned.
1093 To return the current action and also provide @args, use
1094 C<< $c->uri_for( $c->action, @args ) >>.
1096 If the first argument is a string, it is taken as a public URI path relative
1097 to C<< $c->namespace >> (if it doesn't begin with a forward slash) or
1098 relative to the application root (if it does). It is then merged with
1099 C<< $c->request->base >>; any C<@args> are appended as additional path
1100 components; and any C<%query_values> are appended as C<?foo=bar> parameters.
1102 If the first argument is a L<Catalyst::Action> it represents an action which
1103 will have its path resolved using C<< $c->dispatcher->uri_for_action >>. The
1104 optional C<\@captures> argument (an arrayref) allows passing the captured
1105 variables that are needed to fill in the paths of Chained and Regex actions;
1106 once the path is resolved, C<uri_for> continues as though a path was
1107 provided, appending any arguments or parameters and creating an absolute
1110 The captures for the current request can be found in
1111 C<< $c->request->captures >>, and actions can be resolved using
1112 C<< Catalyst::Controller->action_for($name) >>. If you have a private action
1113 path, use C<< $c->uri_for_action >> instead.
1115 # Equivalent to $c->req->uri
1116 $c->uri_for($c->action, $c->req->captures,
1117 @{ $c->req->args }, $c->req->params);
1119 # For the Foo action in the Bar controller
1120 $c->uri_for($c->controller('Bar')->action_for('Foo'));
1122 # Path to a static resource
1123 $c->uri_for('/static/images/logo.png');
1128 my ( $c, $path, @args ) = @_;
1130 if ( $path->$_isa('Catalyst::Controller') ) {
1131 $path = $path->path_prefix;
1136 undef($path) if (defined $path && $path eq '');
1139 ( scalar @args && ref $args[$#args] eq 'HASH' ? pop @args : {} );
1141 carp "uri_for called with undef argument" if grep { ! defined $_ } @args;
1142 foreach my $arg (@args) {
1143 utf8::encode($arg) if utf8::is_utf8($arg);
1144 $arg =~ s/([^$URI::uric])/$URI::Escape::escapes{$1}/go;
1147 if ( $path->$_isa('Catalyst::Action') ) { # action object
1148 s|/|%2F|g for @args;
1149 my $captures = [ map { s|/|%2F|g; $_; }
1150 ( scalar @args && ref $args[0] eq 'ARRAY'
1154 foreach my $capture (@$captures) {
1155 utf8::encode($capture) if utf8::is_utf8($capture);
1156 $capture =~ s/([^$URI::uric])/$URI::Escape::escapes{$1}/go;
1160 # ->uri_for( $action, \@captures_and_args, \%query_values? )
1161 if( !@args && $action->number_of_args ) {
1162 my $expanded_action = $c->dispatcher->expand_action( $action );
1164 my $num_captures = $expanded_action->number_of_captures;
1165 unshift @args, splice @$captures, $num_captures;
1168 $path = $c->dispatcher->uri_for_action($action, $captures);
1169 if (not defined $path) {
1170 $c->log->debug(qq/Can't find uri_for action '$action' @$captures/)
1174 $path = '/' if $path eq '';
1177 unshift(@args, $path);
1179 unless (defined $path && $path =~ s!^/!!) { # in-place strip
1180 my $namespace = $c->namespace;
1181 if (defined $path) { # cheesy hack to handle path '../foo'
1182 $namespace =~ s{(?:^|/)[^/]+$}{} while $args[0] =~ s{^\.\./}{};
1184 unshift(@args, $namespace || '');
1187 # join args with '/', or a blank string
1188 my $args = join('/', grep { defined($_) } @args);
1189 $args =~ s/\?/%3F/g; # STUPID STUPID SPECIAL CASE
1191 my $base = $c->req->base;
1192 my $class = ref($base);
1193 $base =~ s{(?<!/)$}{/};
1197 if (my @keys = keys %$params) {
1198 # somewhat lifted from URI::_query's query_form
1199 $query = '?'.join('&', map {
1200 my $val = $params->{$_};
1201 s/([;\/?:@&=+,\$\[\]%])/$URI::Escape::escapes{$1}/go;
1204 $val = '' unless defined $val;
1207 utf8::encode( $param ) if utf8::is_utf8($param);
1208 # using the URI::Escape pattern here so utf8 chars survive
1209 $param =~ s/([^A-Za-z0-9\-_.!~*'() ])/$URI::Escape::escapes{$1}/go;
1211 "${key}=$param"; } ( ref $val eq 'ARRAY' ? @$val : $val ));
1215 my $res = bless(\"${base}${args}${query}", $class);
1219 =head2 $c->uri_for_action( $path, \@captures_and_args?, @args?, \%query_values? )
1221 =head2 $c->uri_for_action( $action, \@captures_and_args?, @args?, \%query_values? )
1227 A private path to the Catalyst action you want to create a URI for.
1229 This is a shortcut for calling C<< $c->dispatcher->get_action_by_path($path)
1230 >> and passing the resulting C<$action> and the remaining arguments to C<<
1233 You can also pass in a Catalyst::Action object, in which case it is passed to
1236 Note that although the path looks like a URI that dispatches to the wanted action, it is not a URI, but an internal path to that action.
1238 For example, if the action looks like:
1240 package MyApp::Controller::Users;
1242 sub lst : Path('the-list') {}
1246 $c->uri_for_action('/users/lst')
1248 and it will create the URI /users/the-list.
1250 =item \@captures_and_args?
1252 Optional array reference of Captures (i.e. C<<CaptureArgs or $c->req->captures>)
1253 and arguments to the request. Usually used with L<Catalyst::DispatchType::Chained>
1254 to interpolate all the parameters in the URI.
1258 Optional list of extra arguments - can be supplied in the
1259 C<< \@captures_and_args? >> array ref, or here - whichever is easier for your
1262 Your action can have zero, a fixed or a variable number of args (e.g.
1263 C<< Args(1) >> for a fixed number or C<< Args() >> for a variable number)..
1265 =item \%query_values?
1267 Optional array reference of query parameters to append. E.g.
1273 /rest/of/your/uri?foo=bar
1279 sub uri_for_action {
1280 my ( $c, $path, @args ) = @_;
1281 my $action = blessed($path)
1283 : $c->dispatcher->get_action_by_path($path);
1284 unless (defined $action) {
1285 croak "Can't find action for path '$path'";
1287 return $c->uri_for( $action, @args );
1290 =head2 $c->welcome_message
1292 Returns the Catalyst welcome HTML page.
1296 sub welcome_message {
1298 my $name = $c->config->{name};
1299 my $logo = $c->uri_for('/static/images/catalyst_logo.png');
1300 my $prefix = Catalyst::Utils::appprefix( ref $c );
1301 $c->response->content_type('text/html; charset=utf-8');
1303 <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
1304 "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
1305 <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en">
1307 <meta http-equiv="Content-Language" content="en" />
1308 <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
1309 <title>$name on Catalyst $VERSION</title>
1310 <style type="text/css">
1313 background-color: #eee;
1320 margin-bottom: 10px;
1322 background-color: #ccc;
1323 border: 1px solid #aaa;
1328 font-family: verdana, tahoma, sans-serif;
1331 font-family: verdana, tahoma, sans-serif;
1334 text-decoration: none;
1336 border-bottom: 1px dotted #bbb;
1338 :link:hover, :visited:hover {
1351 background-color: #fff;
1352 border: 1px solid #aaa;
1356 font-weight: normal;
1378 <h1><span id="appname">$name</span> on <a href="http://catalyst.perl.org">Catalyst</a>
1383 <img src="$logo" alt="Catalyst Logo" />
1385 <p>Welcome to the world of Catalyst.
1386 This <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MVC">MVC</a>
1387 framework will make web development something you had
1388 never expected it to be: Fun, rewarding, and quick.</p>
1389 <h2>What to do now?</h2>
1390 <p>That really depends on what <b>you</b> want to do.
1391 We do, however, provide you with a few starting points.</p>
1392 <p>If you want to jump right into web development with Catalyst
1393 you might want to start with a tutorial.</p>
1394 <pre>perldoc <a href="https://metacpan.org/module/Catalyst::Manual::Tutorial">Catalyst::Manual::Tutorial</a></code>
1396 <p>Afterwards you can go on to check out a more complete look at our features.</p>
1398 <code>perldoc <a href="https://metacpan.org/module/Catalyst::Manual::Intro">Catalyst::Manual::Intro</a>
1399 <!-- Something else should go here, but the Catalyst::Manual link seems unhelpful -->
1401 <h2>What to do next?</h2>
1402 <p>Next it's time to write an actual application. Use the
1403 helper scripts to generate <a href="https://metacpan.org/search?q=Catalyst%3A%3AController">controllers</a>,
1404 <a href="https://metacpan.org/search?q=Catalyst%3A%3AModel">models</a>, and
1405 <a href="https://metacpan.org/search?q=Catalyst%3A%3AView">views</a>;
1406 they can save you a lot of work.</p>
1407 <pre><code>script/${prefix}_create.pl --help</code></pre>
1408 <p>Also, be sure to check out the vast and growing
1409 collection of <a href="http://search.cpan.org/search?query=Catalyst">plugins for Catalyst on CPAN</a>;
1410 you are likely to find what you need there.
1414 <p>Catalyst has a very active community. Here are the main places to
1415 get in touch with us.</p>
1418 <a href="http://dev.catalyst.perl.org">Wiki</a>
1421 <a href="http://lists.scsys.co.uk/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/catalyst">Mailing-List</a>
1424 <a href="irc://irc.perl.org/catalyst">IRC channel #catalyst on irc.perl.org</a>
1427 <h2>In conclusion</h2>
1428 <p>The Catalyst team hopes you will enjoy using Catalyst as much
1429 as we enjoyed making it. Please contact us if you have ideas
1430 for improvement or other feedback.</p>
1440 Contains a hash of options passed from the application script, including
1441 the original ARGV the script received, the processed values from that
1442 ARGV and any extra arguments to the script which were not processed.
1444 This can be used to add custom options to your application's scripts
1445 and setup your application differently depending on the values of these
1448 =head1 INTERNAL METHODS
1450 These methods are not meant to be used by end users.
1452 =head2 $c->components
1454 Returns a hash of components.
1459 my ( $class, $comps ) = @_;
1462 # this is very wrong
1463 # people create components calling this sub directly, before setup
1464 # also, $class->log doesn't work before setup_log
1465 $class->setup_config unless $class->container;
1467 my $container = $class->container;
1470 $class->log->warn(q{You are adding components using Catalyst's components method.});
1471 $class->log->warn(q{This behaviour is deprecated, please read});
1472 $class->log->warn(q{Catalyst::IOC::Container's documentation for better ways to do that.});
1473 $container->add_component( $_ ) for keys %$comps;
1476 return $container->get_all_components($class);
1479 =head2 $c->context_class
1481 Returns or sets the context class.
1485 Returns a hashref containing coderefs and execution counts (needed for
1486 deep recursion detection).
1490 Returns the number of actions on the current internal execution stack.
1494 Dispatches a request to actions.
1498 sub dispatch { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->dispatch( $c, @_ ) }
1500 =head2 $c->dispatcher_class
1502 Returns or sets the dispatcher class.
1504 =head2 $c->dump_these
1506 Returns a list of 2-element array references (name, structure) pairs
1507 that will be dumped on the error page in debug mode.
1513 [ Request => $c->req ],
1514 [ Response => $c->res ],
1515 [ Stash => $c->stash ],
1516 [ Config => $c->config ];
1519 =head2 $c->engine_class
1521 Returns or sets the engine class.
1523 =head2 $c->execute( $class, $coderef )
1525 Execute a coderef in given class and catch exceptions. Errors are available
1531 my ( $c, $class, $code ) = @_;
1532 $class = $c->component($class) || $class;
1535 if ( $c->depth >= $RECURSION ) {
1536 my $action = $code->reverse();
1537 $action = "/$action" unless $action =~ /->/;
1538 my $error = qq/Deep recursion detected calling "${action}"/;
1539 $c->log->error($error);
1545 my $stats_info = $c->_stats_start_execute( $code ) if $c->use_stats;
1547 push( @{ $c->stack }, $code );
1549 no warnings 'recursion';
1550 # N.B. This used to be combined, but I have seen $c get clobbered if so, and
1551 # I have no idea how, ergo $ret (which appears to fix the issue)
1552 eval { my $ret = $code->execute( $class, $c, @{ $c->req->args } ) || 0; $c->state( $ret ) };
1554 $c->_stats_finish_execute( $stats_info ) if $c->use_stats and $stats_info;
1556 my $last = pop( @{ $c->stack } );
1558 if ( my $error = $@ ) {
1559 if ( blessed($error) and $error->isa('Catalyst::Exception::Detach') ) {
1560 $error->rethrow if $c->depth > 1;
1562 elsif ( blessed($error) and $error->isa('Catalyst::Exception::Go') ) {
1563 $error->rethrow if $c->depth > 0;
1566 unless ( ref $error ) {
1567 no warnings 'uninitialized';
1569 my $class = $last->class;
1570 my $name = $last->name;
1571 $error = qq/Caught exception in $class->$name "$error"/;
1580 sub _stats_start_execute {
1581 my ( $c, $code ) = @_;
1582 my $appclass = ref($c) || $c;
1583 return if ( ( $code->name =~ /^_.*/ )
1584 && ( !$appclass->config->{show_internal_actions} ) );
1586 my $action_name = $code->reverse();
1587 $c->counter->{$action_name}++;
1589 my $action = $action_name;
1590 $action = "/$action" unless $action =~ /->/;
1592 # determine if the call was the result of a forward
1593 # this is done by walking up the call stack and looking for a calling
1594 # sub of Catalyst::forward before the eval
1596 for my $index ( 2 .. 11 ) {
1598 if ( ( caller($index) )[0] eq 'Catalyst'
1599 && ( caller($index) )[3] eq '(eval)' );
1601 if ( ( caller($index) )[3] =~ /forward$/ ) {
1602 $callsub = ( caller($index) )[3];
1603 $action = "-> $action";
1608 my $uid = $action_name . $c->counter->{$action_name};
1610 # is this a root-level call or a forwarded call?
1611 if ( $callsub =~ /forward$/ ) {
1612 my $parent = $c->stack->[-1];
1614 # forward, locate the caller
1615 if ( defined $parent && exists $c->counter->{"$parent"} ) {
1618 parent => "$parent" . $c->counter->{"$parent"},
1624 # forward with no caller may come from a plugin
1643 sub _stats_finish_execute {
1644 my ( $c, $info ) = @_;
1645 $c->stats->profile( end => $info );
1650 Finalizes the request.
1657 for my $error ( @{ $c->error } ) {
1658 $c->log->error($error);
1661 # Allow engine to handle finalize flow (for POE)
1662 my $engine = $c->engine;
1663 if ( my $code = $engine->can('finalize') ) {
1668 $c->finalize_uploads;
1671 if ( $#{ $c->error } >= 0 ) {
1675 $c->finalize_headers unless $c->response->finalized_headers;
1678 if ( $c->request->method eq 'HEAD' ) {
1679 $c->response->body('');
1687 if ($c->use_stats) {
1688 my $elapsed = sprintf '%f', $c->stats->elapsed;
1689 my $av = $elapsed == 0 ? '??' : sprintf '%.3f', 1 / $elapsed;
1691 "Request took ${elapsed}s ($av/s)\n" . $c->stats->report . "\n" );
1694 return $c->response->status;
1697 =head2 $c->finalize_body
1703 sub finalize_body { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_body( $c, @_ ) }
1705 =head2 $c->finalize_cookies
1711 sub finalize_cookies { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_cookies( $c, @_ ) }
1713 =head2 $c->finalize_error
1719 sub finalize_error { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_error( $c, @_ ) }
1721 =head2 $c->finalize_headers
1727 sub finalize_headers {
1730 my $response = $c->response; #accessor calls can add up?
1732 # Check if we already finalized headers
1733 return if $response->finalized_headers;
1736 if ( my $location = $response->redirect ) {
1737 $c->log->debug(qq/Redirecting to "$location"/) if $c->debug;
1738 $response->header( Location => $location );
1740 if ( !$response->has_body ) {
1741 # Add a default body if none is already present
1742 $response->body(<<"EOF");
1743 <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
1744 <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
1746 <title>Moved</title>
1749 <p>This item has moved <a href="$location">here</a>.</p>
1753 $response->content_type('text/html; charset=utf-8');
1758 if ( defined $response->body && length $response->body && !$response->content_length ) {
1760 # get the length from a filehandle
1761 if ( blessed( $response->body ) && $response->body->can('read') || ref( $response->body ) eq 'GLOB' )
1763 my $size = -s $response->body;
1765 $response->content_length( $size );
1768 $c->log->warn('Serving filehandle without a content-length');
1772 # everything should be bytes at this point, but just in case
1773 $response->content_length( length( $response->body ) );
1778 if ( $response->status =~ /^(1\d\d|[23]04)$/ ) {
1779 $response->headers->remove_header("Content-Length");
1780 $response->body('');
1783 $c->finalize_cookies;
1785 $c->response->finalize_headers();
1788 $response->finalized_headers(1);
1791 =head2 $c->finalize_output
1793 An alias for finalize_body.
1795 =head2 $c->finalize_read
1797 Finalizes the input after reading is complete.
1801 sub finalize_read { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_read( $c, @_ ) }
1803 =head2 $c->finalize_uploads
1805 Finalizes uploads. Cleans up any temporary files.
1809 sub finalize_uploads { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_uploads( $c, @_ ) }
1811 =head2 $c->get_action( $action, $namespace )
1813 Gets an action in a given namespace.
1817 sub get_action { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->get_action(@_) }
1819 =head2 $c->get_actions( $action, $namespace )
1821 Gets all actions of a given name in a namespace and all parent
1826 sub get_actions { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->get_actions( $c, @_ ) }
1828 =head2 $app->handle_request( @arguments )
1830 Called to handle each HTTP request.
1834 sub handle_request {
1835 my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_;
1837 # Always expect worst case!
1840 if ($class->debug) {
1841 my $secs = time - $START || 1;
1842 my $av = sprintf '%.3f', $COUNT / $secs;
1843 my $time = localtime time;
1844 $class->log->info("*** Request $COUNT ($av/s) [$$] [$time] ***");
1847 my $c = $class->prepare(@arguments);
1849 $status = $c->finalize;
1852 chomp(my $error = $_);
1853 $class->log->error(qq/Caught exception in engine "$error"/);
1858 if(my $coderef = $class->log->can('_flush')){
1859 $class->log->$coderef();
1864 =head2 $class->prepare( @arguments )
1866 Creates a Catalyst context from an engine-specific request (Apache, CGI,
1873 predicate => '_has_uploadtmp',
1877 my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_;
1880 # After the app/ctxt split, this should become an attribute based on something passed
1881 # into the application.
1882 $class->context_class( ref $class || $class ) unless $class->context_class;
1884 my $uploadtmp = $class->config->{uploadtmp};
1885 my $c = $class->context_class->new({ $uploadtmp ? (_uploadtmp => $uploadtmp) : ()});
1887 $c->response->_context($c);
1889 #surely this is not the most efficient way to do things...
1890 $c->stats($class->stats_class->new)->enable($c->use_stats);
1891 if ( $c->debug || $c->config->{enable_catalyst_header} ) {
1892 $c->res->headers->header( 'X-Catalyst' => $Catalyst::VERSION );
1896 # Allow engine to direct the prepare flow (for POE)
1897 if ( my $prepare = $c->engine->can('prepare') ) {
1898 $c->engine->$prepare( $c, @arguments );
1901 $c->prepare_request(@arguments);
1902 $c->prepare_connection;
1903 $c->prepare_query_parameters;
1904 $c->prepare_headers; # Just hooks, no longer needed - they just
1905 $c->prepare_cookies; # cause the lazy attribute on req to build
1908 # Prepare the body for reading, either by prepare_body
1909 # or the user, if they are using $c->read
1912 # Parse the body unless the user wants it on-demand
1913 unless ( ref($c)->config->{parse_on_demand} ) {
1919 # VERY ugly and probably shouldn't rely on ->finalize actually working
1921 # failed prepare is always due to an invalid request, right?
1922 $c->response->status(400);
1923 $c->response->content_type('text/plain');
1924 $c->response->body('Bad Request');
1925 # Note we call finalize and then die here, which escapes
1926 # finalize being called in the enclosing block..
1927 # It in fact couldn't be called, as we don't return $c..
1928 # This is a mess - but I'm unsure you can fix this without
1929 # breaking compat for people doing crazy things (we should set
1930 # the 400 and just return the ctx here IMO, letting finalize get called
1941 =head2 $c->prepare_action
1943 Prepares action. See L<Catalyst::Dispatcher>.
1947 sub prepare_action { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->prepare_action( $c, @_ ) }
1949 =head2 $c->prepare_body
1951 Prepares message body.
1958 return if $c->request->_has_body;
1960 # Initialize on-demand data
1961 $c->engine->prepare_body( $c, @_ );
1962 $c->prepare_parameters;
1963 $c->prepare_uploads;
1966 =head2 $c->prepare_body_chunk( $chunk )
1968 Prepares a chunk of data before sending it to L<HTTP::Body>.
1970 See L<Catalyst::Engine>.
1974 sub prepare_body_chunk {
1976 $c->engine->prepare_body_chunk( $c, @_ );
1979 =head2 $c->prepare_body_parameters
1981 Prepares body parameters.
1985 sub prepare_body_parameters {
1987 $c->engine->prepare_body_parameters( $c, @_ );
1990 =head2 $c->prepare_connection
1992 Prepares connection.
1996 sub prepare_connection {
1998 # XXX - This is called on the engine (not the request) to maintain
1999 # Engine::PSGI back compat.
2000 $c->engine->prepare_connection($c);
2003 =head2 $c->prepare_cookies
2005 Prepares cookies by ensuring that the attribute on the request
2006 object has been built.
2010 sub prepare_cookies { my $c = shift; $c->request->cookies }
2012 =head2 $c->prepare_headers
2014 Prepares request headers by ensuring that the attribute on the request
2015 object has been built.
2019 sub prepare_headers { my $c = shift; $c->request->headers }
2021 =head2 $c->prepare_parameters
2023 Prepares parameters.
2027 sub prepare_parameters {
2029 $c->prepare_body_parameters;
2030 $c->engine->prepare_parameters( $c, @_ );
2033 =head2 $c->prepare_path
2035 Prepares path and base.
2039 sub prepare_path { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_path( $c, @_ ) }
2041 =head2 $c->prepare_query_parameters
2043 Prepares query parameters.
2047 sub prepare_query_parameters {
2050 $c->engine->prepare_query_parameters( $c, @_ );
2053 =head2 $c->log_request
2055 Writes information about the request to the debug logs. This includes:
2059 =item * Request method, path, and remote IP address
2061 =item * Query keywords (see L<Catalyst::Request/query_keywords>)
2063 =item * Request parameters
2065 =item * File uploads
2074 return unless $c->debug;
2076 my($dump) = grep {$_->[0] eq 'Request' } $c->dump_these;
2077 my $request = $dump->[1];
2079 my ( $method, $path, $address ) = ( $request->method, $request->path, $request->address );
2081 $path = '/' unless length $path;
2083 $c->log->debug(qq/"$method" request for "$path" from "$address"/);
2085 $c->log_request_headers($request->headers);
2087 if ( my $keywords = $request->query_keywords ) {
2088 $c->log->debug("Query keywords are: $keywords");
2091 $c->log_request_parameters( query => $request->query_parameters, $request->_has_body ? (body => $request->body_parameters) : () );
2093 $c->log_request_uploads($request);
2096 =head2 $c->log_response
2098 Writes information about the response to the debug logs by calling
2099 C<< $c->log_response_status_line >> and C<< $c->log_response_headers >>.
2106 return unless $c->debug;
2108 my($dump) = grep {$_->[0] eq 'Response' } $c->dump_these;
2109 my $response = $dump->[1];
2111 $c->log_response_status_line($response);
2112 $c->log_response_headers($response->headers);
2115 =head2 $c->log_response_status_line($response)
2117 Writes one line of information about the response to the debug logs. This includes:
2121 =item * Response status code
2123 =item * Content-Type header (if present)
2125 =item * Content-Length header (if present)
2131 sub log_response_status_line {
2132 my ($c, $response) = @_;
2136 'Response Code: %s; Content-Type: %s; Content-Length: %s',
2137 $response->status || 'unknown',
2138 $response->headers->header('Content-Type') || 'unknown',
2139 $response->headers->header('Content-Length') || 'unknown'
2144 =head2 $c->log_response_headers($headers);
2146 Hook method which can be wrapped by plugins to log the response headers.
2147 No-op in the default implementation.
2151 sub log_response_headers {}
2153 =head2 $c->log_request_parameters( query => {}, body => {} )
2155 Logs request parameters to debug logs
2159 sub log_request_parameters {
2161 my %all_params = @_;
2163 return unless $c->debug;
2165 my $column_width = Catalyst::Utils::term_width() - 44;
2166 foreach my $type (qw(query body)) {
2167 my $params = $all_params{$type};
2168 next if ! keys %$params;
2169 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new( [ 35, 'Parameter' ], [ $column_width, 'Value' ] );
2170 for my $key ( sort keys %$params ) {
2171 my $param = $params->{$key};
2172 my $value = defined($param) ? $param : '';
2173 $t->row( $key, ref $value eq 'ARRAY' ? ( join ', ', @$value ) : $value );
2175 $c->log->debug( ucfirst($type) . " Parameters are:\n" . $t->draw );
2179 =head2 $c->log_request_uploads
2181 Logs file uploads included in the request to the debug logs.
2182 The parameter name, filename, file type, and file size are all included in
2187 sub log_request_uploads {
2189 my $request = shift;
2190 return unless $c->debug;
2191 my $uploads = $request->uploads;
2192 if ( keys %$uploads ) {
2193 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new(
2194 [ 12, 'Parameter' ],
2199 for my $key ( sort keys %$uploads ) {
2200 my $upload = $uploads->{$key};
2201 for my $u ( ref $upload eq 'ARRAY' ? @{$upload} : ($upload) ) {
2202 $t->row( $key, $u->filename, $u->type, $u->size );
2205 $c->log->debug( "File Uploads are:\n" . $t->draw );
2209 =head2 $c->log_request_headers($headers);
2211 Hook method which can be wrapped by plugins to log the request headers.
2212 No-op in the default implementation.
2216 sub log_request_headers {}
2218 =head2 $c->log_headers($type => $headers)
2220 Logs L<HTTP::Headers> (either request or response) to the debug logs.
2227 my $headers = shift; # an HTTP::Headers instance
2229 return unless $c->debug;
2231 my $column_width = Catalyst::Utils::term_width() - 28;
2232 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new( [ 15, 'Header Name' ], [ $column_width, 'Value' ] );
2235 my ( $name, $value ) = @_;
2236 $t->row( $name, $value );
2239 $c->log->debug( ucfirst($type) . " Headers:\n" . $t->draw );
2243 =head2 $c->prepare_read
2245 Prepares the input for reading.
2249 sub prepare_read { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_read( $c, @_ ) }
2251 =head2 $c->prepare_request
2253 Prepares the engine request.
2257 sub prepare_request { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_request( $c, @_ ) }
2259 =head2 $c->prepare_uploads
2265 sub prepare_uploads {
2268 $c->engine->prepare_uploads( $c, @_ );
2271 =head2 $c->prepare_write
2273 Prepares the output for writing.
2277 sub prepare_write { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_write( $c, @_ ) }
2279 =head2 $c->request_class
2281 Returns or sets the request class. Defaults to L<Catalyst::Request>.
2283 =head2 $c->response_class
2285 Returns or sets the response class. Defaults to L<Catalyst::Response>.
2287 =head2 $c->read( [$maxlength] )
2289 Reads a chunk of data from the request body. This method is designed to
2290 be used in a while loop, reading C<$maxlength> bytes on every call.
2291 C<$maxlength> defaults to the size of the request if not specified.
2293 You have to set C<< MyApp->config(parse_on_demand => 1) >> to use this
2296 Warning: If you use read(), Catalyst will not process the body,
2297 so you will not be able to access POST parameters or file uploads via
2298 $c->request. You must handle all body parsing yourself.
2302 sub read { my $c = shift; return $c->request->read( @_ ) }
2312 $app->_make_immutable_if_needed;
2313 $app->engine_loader->needs_psgi_engine_compat_hack ?
2314 $app->engine->run($app, @_) :
2315 $app->engine->run( $app, $app->_finalized_psgi_app, @_ );
2318 sub _make_immutable_if_needed {
2320 my $meta = Class::MOP::get_metaclass_by_name($class);
2321 my $isa_ca = $class->isa('Class::Accessor::Fast') || $class->isa('Class::Accessor');
2324 && ! { $meta->immutable_options }->{replace_constructor}
2327 warn("You made your application class ($class) immutable, "
2328 . "but did not inline the\nconstructor. "
2329 . "This will break catalyst, as your app \@ISA "
2330 . "Class::Accessor(::Fast)?\nPlease pass "
2331 . "(replace_constructor => 1)\nwhen making your class immutable.\n");
2333 unless ($meta->is_immutable) {
2334 # XXX - FIXME warning here as you should make your app immutable yourself.
2335 $meta->make_immutable(
2336 replace_constructor => 1,
2341 =head2 $c->set_action( $action, $code, $namespace, $attrs )
2343 Sets an action in a given namespace.
2347 sub set_action { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->set_action( $c, @_ ) }
2349 =head2 $c->setup_actions($component)
2351 Sets up actions for a component.
2355 sub setup_actions { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->setup_actions( $c, @_ ) }
2357 =head2 $c->setup_config
2364 my %args = %{ $class->config || {} };
2366 my $container_class;
2368 if ( exists $args{container_class} ) {
2369 $container_class = delete $args{container_class};
2370 Class::MOP::load_class($container_class);
2373 $container_class = Class::MOP::load_first_existing_class("${class}::Container", 'Catalyst::IOC::Container');
2376 my $container = $container_class->new( %args, name => $class );
2377 $class->container($container);
2379 my $config = $container->resolve( service => 'config' );
2380 $class->config($config);
2381 $class->finalize_config; # back-compat
2384 =head2 $c->finalize_config
2388 sub finalize_config { }
2390 =head2 $c->setup_components
2392 This method is called internally to set up the application's components.
2394 It finds modules by calling the L<locate_components> method, expands them to
2395 package names with the $container->expand_component_module method, and then
2396 installs each component into the application.
2398 The C<setup_components> config option is passed to both of the above methods.
2402 sub setup_components { shift->container->setup_components }
2404 =head2 locate_components
2408 sub locate_components {
2411 $class->log->warn('The locate_components method has been deprecated.');
2412 $class->log->warn('Please read Catalyst::IOC::Container documentation to');
2413 $class->log->warn('update your application.');
2415 # XXX think about ditching this sort entirely
2416 return sort { length $a <=> length $b }
2417 @{ $class->container->resolve( service => 'locate_components' ) };
2420 =head2 $c->setup_dispatcher
2426 sub setup_dispatcher {
2427 my ( $class, $dispatcher ) = @_;
2430 $dispatcher = 'Catalyst::Dispatcher::' . $dispatcher;
2433 if ( my $env = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'DISPATCHER' ) ) {
2434 $dispatcher = 'Catalyst::Dispatcher::' . $env;
2437 unless ($dispatcher) {
2438 $dispatcher = $class->dispatcher_class;
2441 Class::MOP::load_class($dispatcher);
2443 # dispatcher instance
2444 $class->dispatcher( $dispatcher->new );
2447 =head2 $c->setup_engine
2454 my ($class, $requested_engine) = @_;
2456 if (!$class->engine_loader || $requested_engine) {
2457 $class->engine_loader(
2458 Catalyst::EngineLoader->new({
2459 application_name => $class,
2460 (defined $requested_engine
2461 ? (catalyst_engine_class => $requested_engine) : ()),
2466 $class->engine_loader->catalyst_engine_class;
2470 my ($class, $requested_engine) = @_;
2473 my $loader = $class->engine_loader;
2475 if (!$loader || $requested_engine) {
2476 $loader = Catalyst::EngineLoader->new({
2477 application_name => $class,
2478 (defined $requested_engine
2479 ? (requested_engine => $requested_engine) : ()),
2482 $class->engine_loader($loader);
2485 $loader->catalyst_engine_class;
2488 # Don't really setup_engine -- see _setup_psgi_app for explanation.
2489 return if $class->loading_psgi_file;
2491 Class::MOP::load_class($engine);
2493 if ($ENV{MOD_PERL}) {
2494 my $apache = $class->engine_loader->auto;
2496 my $meta = find_meta($class);
2497 my $was_immutable = $meta->is_immutable;
2498 my %immutable_options = $meta->immutable_options;
2499 $meta->make_mutable if $was_immutable;
2501 $meta->add_method(handler => sub {
2503 my $psgi_app = $class->_finalized_psgi_app;
2504 $apache->call_app($r, $psgi_app);
2507 $meta->make_immutable(%immutable_options) if $was_immutable;
2510 $class->engine( $engine->new );
2515 sub _finalized_psgi_app {
2518 unless ($app->_psgi_app) {
2519 my $psgi_app = $app->_setup_psgi_app;
2520 $app->_psgi_app($psgi_app);
2523 return $app->_psgi_app;
2526 sub _setup_psgi_app {
2529 for my $home (Path::Class::Dir->new($app->config->{home})) {
2530 my $psgi_file = $home->file(
2531 Catalyst::Utils::appprefix($app) . '.psgi',
2534 next unless -e $psgi_file;
2536 # If $psgi_file calls ->setup_engine, it's doing so to load
2537 # Catalyst::Engine::PSGI. But if it does that, we're only going to
2538 # throw away the loaded PSGI-app and load the 5.9 Catalyst::Engine
2539 # anyway. So set a flag (ick) that tells setup_engine not to populate
2540 # $c->engine or do any other things we might regret.
2542 $app->loading_psgi_file(1);
2543 my $psgi_app = Plack::Util::load_psgi($psgi_file);
2544 $app->loading_psgi_file(0);
2547 unless $app->engine_loader->needs_psgi_engine_compat_hack;
2550 Found a legacy Catalyst::Engine::PSGI .psgi file at ${psgi_file}.
2552 Its content has been ignored. Please consult the Catalyst::Upgrading
2553 documentation on how to upgrade from Catalyst::Engine::PSGI.
2557 return $app->apply_default_middlewares($app->psgi_app);
2560 =head2 $c->apply_default_middlewares
2562 Adds the following L<Plack> middlewares to your application, since they are
2563 useful and commonly needed:
2565 L<Plack::Middleware::ReverseProxy>, (conditionally added based on the status
2566 of your $ENV{REMOTE_ADDR}, and can be forced on with C<using_frontend_proxy>
2567 or forced off with C<ignore_frontend_proxy>), L<Plack::Middleware::LighttpdScriptNameFix>
2568 (if you are using Lighttpd), L<Plack::Middleware::IIS6ScriptNameFix> (always
2569 applied since this middleware is smart enough to conditionally apply itself).
2571 Additionally if we detect we are using Nginx, we add a bit of custom middleware
2572 to solve some problems with the way that server handles $ENV{PATH_INFO} and
2578 sub apply_default_middlewares {
2579 my ($app, $psgi_app) = @_;
2581 $psgi_app = Plack::Middleware::Conditional->wrap(
2583 builder => sub { Plack::Middleware::ReverseProxy->wrap($_[0]) },
2586 return if $app->config->{ignore_frontend_proxy};
2587 return $env->{REMOTE_ADDR} eq '127.0.0.1'
2588 || $app->config->{using_frontend_proxy};
2592 # If we're running under Lighttpd, swap PATH_INFO and SCRIPT_NAME
2593 # http://lists.scsys.co.uk/pipermail/catalyst/2006-June/008361.html
2594 $psgi_app = Plack::Middleware::Conditional->wrap(
2596 builder => sub { Plack::Middleware::LighttpdScriptNameFix->wrap($_[0]) },
2599 return unless $env->{SERVER_SOFTWARE} && $env->{SERVER_SOFTWARE} =~ m!lighttpd[-/]1\.(\d+\.\d+)!;
2600 return unless $1 < 4.23;
2605 # we're applying this unconditionally as the middleware itself already makes
2606 # sure it doesn't fuck things up if it's not running under one of the right
2608 $psgi_app = Plack::Middleware::IIS6ScriptNameFix->wrap($psgi_app);
2610 # And another IIS issue, this time with IIS7.
2611 $psgi_app = Plack::Middleware::Conditional->wrap(
2613 builder => sub { Plack::Middleware::IIS7KeepAliveFix->wrap($_[0]) },
2616 return $env->{SERVER_SOFTWARE} && $env->{SERVER_SOFTWARE} =~ m!IIS/7\.[0-9]!;
2625 Returns a PSGI application code reference for the catalyst application
2626 C<$c>. This is the bare application without any middlewares
2627 applied. C<${myapp}.psgi> is not taken into account.
2629 This is what you want to be using to retrieve the PSGI application code
2630 reference of your Catalyst application for use in F<.psgi> files.
2636 return $app->engine->build_psgi_app($app);
2639 =head2 $c->setup_home
2641 Sets up the home directory.
2646 my ( $class, $home_flag ) = @_;
2648 my $home = $class->container->resolve(
2651 home_flag => $home_flag
2656 #I remember recently being scolded for assigning config values like this
2657 $class->config->{home} ||= $home;
2658 $class->config->{root} ||= $class->container->resolve(service => 'root_dir');
2662 =head2 $c->setup_log
2664 Sets up log by instantiating a L<Catalyst::Log|Catalyst::Log> object and
2665 passing it to C<log()>. Pass in a comma-delimited list of levels to set the
2668 This method also installs a C<debug> method that returns a true value into the
2669 catalyst subclass if the "debug" level is passed in the comma-delimited list,
2670 or if the C<$CATALYST_DEBUG> environment variable is set to a true value.
2672 Note that if the log has already been setup, by either a previous call to
2673 C<setup_log> or by a call such as C<< __PACKAGE__->log( MyLogger->new ) >>,
2674 that this method won't actually set up the log object.
2679 my ( $class, $levels ) = @_;
2682 $levels =~ s/^\s+//;
2683 $levels =~ s/\s+$//;
2684 my %levels = map { $_ => 1 } split /\s*,\s*/, $levels;
2686 my $env_debug = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'DEBUG' );
2687 if ( defined $env_debug ) {
2688 $levels{debug} = 1 if $env_debug; # Ugly!
2689 delete($levels{debug}) unless $env_debug;
2692 unless ( $class->log ) {
2693 $class->log( Catalyst::Log->new(keys %levels) );
2696 if ( $levels{debug} ) {
2697 Class::MOP::get_metaclass_by_name($class)->add_method('debug' => sub { 1 });
2698 $class->log->debug('Debug messages enabled');
2702 =head2 $c->setup_plugins
2708 =head2 $c->setup_stats
2710 Sets up timing statistics class.
2715 my ( $class, $stats ) = @_;
2717 Catalyst::Utils::ensure_class_loaded($class->stats_class);
2719 my $env = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'STATS' );
2720 if ( defined($env) ? $env : ($stats || $class->debug ) ) {
2721 Class::MOP::get_metaclass_by_name($class)->add_method('use_stats' => sub { 1 });
2722 $class->log->debug('Statistics enabled');
2727 =head2 $c->registered_plugins
2729 Returns a sorted list of the plugins which have either been stated in the
2732 If passed a given plugin name, it will report a boolean value indicating
2733 whether or not that plugin is loaded. A fully qualified name is required if
2734 the plugin name does not begin with C<Catalyst::Plugin::>.
2736 if ($c->registered_plugins('Some::Plugin')) {
2744 sub registered_plugins {
2746 return sort keys %{ $proto->_plugins } unless @_;
2748 return 1 if exists $proto->_plugins->{$plugin};
2749 return exists $proto->_plugins->{"Catalyst::Plugin::$plugin"};
2752 sub _register_plugin {
2753 my ( $proto, $plugin, $instant ) = @_;
2754 my $class = ref $proto || $proto;
2756 Class::MOP::load_class( $plugin );
2757 $class->log->warn( "$plugin inherits from 'Catalyst::Component' - this is deprecated and will not work in 5.81" )
2758 if $plugin->isa( 'Catalyst::Component' );
2759 my $plugin_meta = Moose::Meta::Class->create($plugin);
2760 if (!$plugin_meta->has_method('new')
2761 && ( $plugin->isa('Class::Accessor::Fast') || $plugin->isa('Class::Accessor') ) ) {
2762 $plugin_meta->add_method('new', Moose::Object->meta->get_method('new'))
2764 if (!$instant && !$proto->_plugins->{$plugin}) {
2765 my $meta = Class::MOP::get_metaclass_by_name($class);
2766 $meta->superclasses($plugin, $meta->superclasses);
2768 $proto->_plugins->{$plugin} = 1;
2773 my ( $class, $plugins ) = @_;
2775 $class->_plugins( {} ) unless $class->_plugins;
2776 $plugins = Data::OptList::mkopt($plugins || []);
2779 [ Catalyst::Utils::resolve_namespace(
2780 $class . '::Plugin',
2781 'Catalyst::Plugin', $_->[0]
2787 for my $plugin ( reverse @plugins ) {
2788 Class::MOP::load_class($plugin->[0], $plugin->[1]);
2789 my $meta = find_meta($plugin->[0]);
2790 next if $meta && $meta->isa('Moose::Meta::Role');
2792 $class->_register_plugin($plugin->[0]);
2796 map { $_->[0]->name, $_->[1] }
2797 grep { blessed($_->[0]) && $_->[0]->isa('Moose::Meta::Role') }
2798 map { [find_meta($_->[0]), $_->[1]] }
2801 Moose::Util::apply_all_roles(
2809 Returns an arrayref of the internal execution stack (actions that are
2810 currently executing).
2814 Returns the current timing statistics object. By default Catalyst uses
2815 L<Catalyst::Stats|Catalyst::Stats>, but can be set otherwise with
2816 L<< stats_class|/"$c->stats_class" >>.
2818 Even if L<< -Stats|/"-Stats" >> is not enabled, the stats object is still
2819 available. By enabling it with C< $c->stats->enabled(1) >, it can be used to
2820 profile explicitly, although MyApp.pm still won't profile nor output anything
2823 =head2 $c->stats_class
2825 Returns or sets the stats (timing statistics) class. L<Catalyst::Stats|Catalyst::Stats> is used by default.
2827 =head2 $c->use_stats
2829 Returns 1 when L<< stats collection|/"-Stats" >> is enabled.
2831 Note that this is a static method, not an accessor and should be overridden
2832 by declaring C<sub use_stats { 1 }> in your MyApp.pm, not by calling C<< $c->use_stats(1) >>.
2839 =head2 $c->write( $data )
2841 Writes $data to the output stream. When using this method directly, you
2842 will need to manually set the C<Content-Length> header to the length of
2843 your output data, if known.
2850 # Finalize headers if someone manually writes output (for compat)
2851 $c->finalize_headers;
2853 return $c->response->write( @_ );
2858 Returns the Catalyst version number. Mostly useful for "powered by"
2859 messages in template systems.
2863 sub version { return $Catalyst::VERSION }
2865 =head1 CONFIGURATION
2867 There are a number of 'base' config variables which can be set:
2873 C<default_model> - The default model picked if you say C<< $c->model >>. See L<< /$c->model($name) >>.
2877 C<default_view> - The default view to be rendered or returned when C<< $c->view >> is called. See L<< /$c->view($name) >>.
2881 C<home> - The application home directory. In an uninstalled application,
2882 this is the top level application directory. In an installed application,
2883 this will be the directory containing C<< MyApp.pm >>.
2887 C<ignore_frontend_proxy> - See L</PROXY SUPPORT>
2891 C<name> - The name of the application in debug messages and the debug and
2896 C<parse_on_demand> - The request body (for example file uploads) will not be parsed
2897 until it is accessed. This allows you to (for example) check authentication (and reject
2898 the upload) before actually receiving all the data. See L</ON-DEMAND PARSER>
2902 C<root> - The root directory for templates. Usually this is just a
2903 subdirectory of the home directory, but you can set it to change the
2904 templates to a different directory.
2908 C<show_internal_actions> - If true, causes internal actions such as C<< _DISPATCH >>
2909 to be shown in hit debug tables in the test server.
2913 C<use_request_uri_for_path> - Controls if the C<REQUEST_URI> or C<PATH_INFO> environment
2914 variable should be used for determining the request path.
2916 Most web server environments pass the requested path to the application using environment variables,
2917 from which Catalyst has to reconstruct the request base (i.e. the top level path to / in the application,
2918 exposed as C<< $c->request->base >>) and the request path below that base.
2920 There are two methods of doing this, both of which have advantages and disadvantages. Which method is used
2921 is determined by the C<< $c->config(use_request_uri_for_path) >> setting (which can either be true or false).
2925 =item use_request_uri_for_path => 0
2927 This is the default (and the) traditional method that Catalyst has used for determining the path information.
2928 The path is generated from a combination of the C<PATH_INFO> and C<SCRIPT_NAME> environment variables.
2929 The allows the application to behave correctly when C<mod_rewrite> is being used to redirect requests
2930 into the application, as these variables are adjusted by mod_rewrite to take account for the redirect.
2932 However this method has the major disadvantage that it is impossible to correctly decode some elements
2933 of the path, as RFC 3875 says: "C<< Unlike a URI path, the PATH_INFO is not URL-encoded, and cannot
2934 contain path-segment parameters. >>" This means PATH_INFO is B<always> decoded, and therefore Catalyst
2935 can't distinguish / vs %2F in paths (in addition to other encoded values).
2937 =item use_request_uri_for_path => 1
2939 This method uses the C<REQUEST_URI> and C<SCRIPT_NAME> environment variables. As C<REQUEST_URI> is never
2940 decoded, this means that applications using this mode can correctly handle URIs including the %2F character
2941 (i.e. with C<AllowEncodedSlashes> set to C<On> in Apache).
2943 Given that this method of path resolution is provably more correct, it is recommended that you use
2944 this unless you have a specific need to deploy your application in a non-standard environment, and you are
2945 aware of the implications of not being able to handle encoded URI paths correctly.
2947 However it also means that in a number of cases when the app isn't installed directly at a path, but instead
2948 is having paths rewritten into it (e.g. as a .cgi/fcgi in a public_html directory, with mod_rewrite in a
2949 .htaccess file, or when SSI is used to rewrite pages into the app, or when sub-paths of the app are exposed
2950 at other URIs than that which the app is 'normally' based at with C<mod_rewrite>), the resolution of
2951 C<< $c->request->base >> will be incorrect.
2957 C<using_frontend_proxy> - See L</PROXY SUPPORT>.
2961 =head1 INTERNAL ACTIONS
2963 Catalyst uses internal actions like C<_DISPATCH>, C<_BEGIN>, C<_AUTO>,
2964 C<_ACTION>, and C<_END>. These are by default not shown in the private
2965 action table, but you can make them visible with a config parameter.
2967 MyApp->config(show_internal_actions => 1);
2969 =head1 ON-DEMAND PARSER
2971 The request body is usually parsed at the beginning of a request,
2972 but if you want to handle input yourself, you can enable on-demand
2973 parsing with a config parameter.
2975 MyApp->config(parse_on_demand => 1);
2977 =head1 PROXY SUPPORT
2979 Many production servers operate using the common double-server approach,
2980 with a lightweight frontend web server passing requests to a larger
2981 backend server. An application running on the backend server must deal
2982 with two problems: the remote user always appears to be C<127.0.0.1> and
2983 the server's hostname will appear to be C<localhost> regardless of the
2984 virtual host that the user connected through.
2986 Catalyst will automatically detect this situation when you are running
2987 the frontend and backend servers on the same machine. The following
2988 changes are made to the request.
2990 $c->req->address is set to the user's real IP address, as read from
2991 the HTTP X-Forwarded-For header.
2993 The host value for $c->req->base and $c->req->uri is set to the real
2994 host, as read from the HTTP X-Forwarded-Host header.
2996 Additionally, you may be running your backend application on an insecure
2997 connection (port 80) while your frontend proxy is running under SSL. If there
2998 is a discrepancy in the ports, use the HTTP header C<X-Forwarded-Port> to
2999 tell Catalyst what port the frontend listens on. This will allow all URIs to
3000 be created properly.
3002 In the case of passing in:
3004 X-Forwarded-Port: 443
3006 All calls to C<uri_for> will result in an https link, as is expected.
3008 Obviously, your web server must support these headers for this to work.
3010 In a more complex server farm environment where you may have your
3011 frontend proxy server(s) on different machines, you will need to set a
3012 configuration option to tell Catalyst to read the proxied data from the
3015 MyApp->config(using_frontend_proxy => 1);
3017 If you do not wish to use the proxy support at all, you may set:
3019 MyApp->config(ignore_frontend_proxy => 0);
3021 =head2 Note about psgi files
3023 Note that if you supply your own .psgi file, calling
3024 C<< MyApp->psgi_app(@_); >>, then B<this will not happen automatically>.
3026 You either need to apply L<Plack::Middleware::ReverseProxy> yourself
3027 in your psgi, for example:
3030 enable "Plack::Middleware::ReverseProxy";
3034 This will unconditionally add the ReverseProxy support, or you need to call
3035 C<< $app = MyApp->apply_default_middlewares($app) >> (to conditionally
3036 apply the support depending upon your config).
3038 See L<Catalyst::PSGI> for more information.
3040 =head1 THREAD SAFETY
3042 Catalyst has been tested under Apache 2's threading C<mpm_worker>,
3043 C<mpm_winnt>, and the standalone forking HTTP server on Windows. We
3044 believe the Catalyst core to be thread-safe.
3046 If you plan to operate in a threaded environment, remember that all other
3047 modules you are using must also be thread-safe. Some modules, most notably
3048 L<DBD::SQLite>, are not thread-safe.
3054 Join #catalyst on irc.perl.org.
3058 http://lists.scsys.co.uk/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/catalyst
3059 http://lists.scsys.co.uk/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/catalyst-dev
3063 http://catalyst.perl.org
3067 http://dev.catalyst.perl.org
3071 =head2 L<Task::Catalyst> - All you need to start with Catalyst
3073 =head2 L<Catalyst::Manual> - The Catalyst Manual
3075 =head2 L<Catalyst::Component>, L<Catalyst::Controller> - Base classes for components
3077 =head2 L<Catalyst::Engine> - Core engine
3079 =head2 L<Catalyst::Log> - Log class.
3081 =head2 L<Catalyst::Request> - Request object
3083 =head2 L<Catalyst::Response> - Response object
3085 =head2 L<Catalyst::Test> - The test suite.
3087 =head1 PROJECT FOUNDER
3089 sri: Sebastian Riedel <sri@cpan.org>
3095 acme: Leon Brocard <leon@astray.com>
3097 abraxxa: Alexander Hartmaier <abraxxa@cpan.org>
3101 Andrew Ford E<lt>A.Ford@ford-mason.co.ukE<gt>
3107 andyg: Andy Grundman <andy@hybridized.org>
3109 audreyt: Audrey Tang
3111 bricas: Brian Cassidy <bricas@cpan.org>
3113 Caelum: Rafael Kitover <rkitover@io.com>
3115 chansen: Christian Hansen
3117 chicks: Christopher Hicks
3119 Chisel Wright C<pause@herlpacker.co.uk>
3121 Danijel Milicevic C<me@danijel.de>
3123 David Kamholz E<lt>dkamholz@cpan.orgE<gt>
3125 David Naughton, C<naughton@umn.edu>
3129 dhoss: Devin Austin <dhoss@cpan.org>
3131 dkubb: Dan Kubb <dan.kubb-cpan@onautopilot.com>
3135 dwc: Daniel Westermann-Clark <danieltwc@cpan.org>
3137 esskar: Sascha Kiefer
3139 fireartist: Carl Franks <cfranks@cpan.org>
3141 frew: Arthur Axel "fREW" Schmidt <frioux@gmail.com>
3143 gabb: Danijel Milicevic
3147 Gavin Henry C<ghenry@perl.me.uk>
3151 groditi: Guillermo Roditi <groditi@gmail.com>
3153 hobbs: Andrew Rodland <andrew@cleverdomain.org>
3155 ilmari: Dagfinn Ilmari Mannsåker <ilmari@ilmari.org>
3157 jcamacho: Juan Camacho
3159 jester: Jesse Sheidlower C<jester@panix.com>
3161 jhannah: Jay Hannah <jay@jays.net>
3167 jon: Jon Schutz <jjschutz@cpan.org>
3169 Jonathan Rockway C<< <jrockway@cpan.org> >>
3171 Kieren Diment C<kd@totaldatasolution.com>
3173 konobi: Scott McWhirter <konobi@cpan.org>
3175 marcus: Marcus Ramberg <mramberg@cpan.org>
3177 miyagawa: Tatsuhiko Miyagawa <miyagawa@bulknews.net>
3179 mst: Matt S. Trout <mst@shadowcatsystems.co.uk>
3183 naughton: David Naughton
3185 ningu: David Kamholz <dkamholz@cpan.org>
3187 nothingmuch: Yuval Kogman <nothingmuch@woobling.org>
3189 numa: Dan Sully <daniel@cpan.org>
3195 omega: Andreas Marienborg
3197 Oleg Kostyuk <cub.uanic@gmail.com>
3199 phaylon: Robert Sedlacek <phaylon@dunkelheit.at>
3201 rafl: Florian Ragwitz <rafl@debian.org>
3203 random: Roland Lammel <lammel@cpan.org>
3205 Robert Sedlacek C<< <rs@474.at> >>
3207 SpiceMan: Marcel Montes
3211 szbalint: Balint Szilakszi <szbalint@cpan.org>
3213 t0m: Tomas Doran <bobtfish@bobtfish.net>
3217 Viljo Marrandi C<vilts@yahoo.com>
3219 Will Hawes C<info@whawes.co.uk>
3221 willert: Sebastian Willert <willert@cpan.org>
3223 wreis: Wallace Reis <wallace@reis.org.br>
3225 Yuval Kogman, C<nothingmuch@woobling.org>
3227 rainboxx: Matthias Dietrich, C<perl@rainboxx.de>
3229 dd070: Dhaval Dhanani <dhaval070@gmail.com>
3233 Copyright (c) 2005, the above named PROJECT FOUNDER and CONTRIBUTORS.
3237 This library is free software. You can redistribute it and/or modify it under
3238 the same terms as Perl itself.
3244 __PACKAGE__->meta->make_immutable;