4 use base 'Catalyst::Component';
6 use Catalyst::Exception;
9 use Catalyst::Request::Upload;
10 use Catalyst::Response;
12 use Catalyst::Controller;
15 use Text::SimpleTable;
17 use Path::Class::File;
18 use Time::HiRes qw/gettimeofday tv_interval/;
20 use Scalar::Util qw/weaken blessed/;
21 use Tree::Simple qw/use_weak_refs/;
22 use Tree::Simple::Visitor::FindByUID;
27 BEGIN { require 5.008001; }
29 __PACKAGE__->mk_accessors(
30 qw/counter request response state action stack namespace stats/
33 attributes->import( __PACKAGE__, \&namespace, 'lvalue' );
35 sub depth { scalar @{ shift->stack || [] }; }
42 # For backwards compatibility
43 *finalize_output = \&finalize_body;
48 our $RECURSION = 1000;
49 our $DETACH = "catalyst_detach\n";
51 require Module::Pluggable::Fast;
53 # Helper script generation
54 our $CATALYST_SCRIPT_GEN = 27;
56 __PACKAGE__->mk_classdata($_)
57 for qw/components arguments dispatcher engine log dispatcher_class
58 engine_class context_class request_class response_class setup_finished/;
60 __PACKAGE__->dispatcher_class('Catalyst::Dispatcher');
61 __PACKAGE__->engine_class('Catalyst::Engine::CGI');
62 __PACKAGE__->request_class('Catalyst::Request');
63 __PACKAGE__->response_class('Catalyst::Response');
65 our $VERSION = '5.6902';
68 my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_;
70 # We have to limit $class to Catalyst to avoid pushing Catalyst upon every
72 return unless $class eq 'Catalyst';
74 my $caller = caller(0);
76 unless ( $caller->isa('Catalyst') ) {
78 push @{"$caller\::ISA"}, $class, 'Catalyst::Controller';
81 $caller->arguments( [@arguments] );
87 Catalyst - The Elegant MVC Web Application Framework
91 # use the helper to create a new application
94 # add models, views, controllers
95 script/myapp_create.pl model Database DBIC::SchemaLoader dbi:SQLite:/path/to/db
96 script/myapp_create.pl view TT TT
97 script/myapp_create.pl controller Search
99 # built in testserver -- use -r to restart automatically on changes
100 script/myapp_server.pl
102 # command line testing interface
103 script/myapp_test.pl /yada
106 use Catalyst qw/-Debug/; # include plugins here as well
108 ### In libMyApp/Controller/Root.pm (autocreated)
109 sub foo : Global { # called for /foo, /foo/1, /foo/1/2, etc.
110 my ( $self, $c, @args ) = @_; # args are qw/1 2/ for /foo/1/2
111 $c->stash->{template} = 'foo.tt'; # set the template
112 # lookup something from db -- stash vars are passed to TT
114 $c->model('Database::Foo')->search( { country => $args[0] } );
115 if ( $c->req->params->{bar} ) { # access GET or POST parameters
116 $c->forward( 'bar' ); # process another action
117 # do something else after forward returns
121 # The foo.tt TT template can use the stash data from the database
122 [% WHILE (item = data.next) %]
126 # called for /bar/of/soap, /bar/of/soap/10, etc.
127 sub bar : Path('/bar/of/soap') { ... }
129 # called for all actions, from the top-most controller downwards
131 my ( $self, $c ) = @_;
132 if ( !$c->user_exists ) { # Catalyst::Plugin::Authentication
133 $c->res->redirect( '/login' ); # require login
134 return 0; # abort request and go immediately to end()
136 return 1; # success; carry on to next action
139 # called after all actions are finished
141 my ( $self, $c ) = @_;
142 if ( scalar @{ $c->error } ) { ... } # handle errors
143 return if $c->res->body; # already have a response
144 $c->forward( 'MyApp::View::TT' ); # render template
147 ### in MyApp/Controller/Foo.pm
148 # called for /foo/bar
149 sub bar : Local { ... }
151 # called for /blargle
152 sub blargle : Global { ... }
154 # an index action matches /foo, but not /foo/1, etc.
155 sub index : Private { ... }
157 ### in MyApp/Controller/Foo/Bar.pm
158 # called for /foo/bar/baz
159 sub baz : Local { ... }
161 # first Root auto is called, then Foo auto, then this
162 sub auto : Private { ... }
164 # powerful regular expression paths are also possible
165 sub details : Regex('^product/(\w+)/details$') {
166 my ( $self, $c ) = @_;
167 # extract the (\w+) from the URI
168 my $product = $c->req->captures->[0];
171 See L<Catalyst::Manual::Intro> for additional information.
175 Catalyst is a modern framework for making web applications without the pain usually associated with this process. This document is a reference to the main Catalyst application. If you are a new user, we suggest you start with L<Catalyst::Manual::Tutorial> or L<Catalyst::Manual::Intro>
177 See L<Catalyst::Manual> for more documentation.
179 Catalyst plugins can be loaded by naming them as arguments to the "use
180 Catalyst" statement. Omit the C<Catalyst::Plugin::> prefix from the
181 plugin name, i.e., C<Catalyst::Plugin::My::Module> becomes
184 use Catalyst qw/My::Module/;
186 If your plugin starts with a name other than C<Catalyst::Plugin::>, you can
187 fully qualify the name by using a unary plus:
191 +Fully::Qualified::Plugin::Name
194 Special flags like C<-Debug> and C<-Engine> can also be specified as
195 arguments when Catalyst is loaded:
197 use Catalyst qw/-Debug My::Module/;
199 The position of plugins and flags in the chain is important, because
200 they are loaded in exactly the order in which they appear.
202 The following flags are supported:
206 Enables debug output. You can also force this setting from the system
207 environment with CATALYST_DEBUG or <MYAPP>_DEBUG. The environment settings
208 override the app, with <MYAPP>_DEBUG having highest priority.
212 Forces Catalyst to use a specific engine. Omit the
213 C<Catalyst::Engine::> prefix of the engine name, i.e.:
215 use Catalyst qw/-Engine=CGI/;
219 Forces Catalyst to use a specific home directory, e.g.:
221 use Catalyst qw[-Home=/usr/sri];
229 =head2 INFORMATION ABOUT THE CURRENT REQUEST
233 Returns a L<Catalyst::Action> object for the current action, which
234 stringifies to the action name. See L<Catalyst::Action>.
238 Returns the namespace of the current action, i.e., the uri prefix
239 corresponding to the controller of the current action. For example:
241 # in Controller::Foo::Bar
242 $c->namespace; # returns 'foo/bar';
248 Returns the current L<Catalyst::Request> object. See
249 L<Catalyst::Request>.
251 =head2 REQUEST FLOW HANDLING
253 =head2 $c->forward( $action [, \@arguments ] )
255 =head2 $c->forward( $class, $method, [, \@arguments ] )
257 Forwards processing to another action, by it's private name. If you give a
258 class name but no method, C<process()> is called. You may also optionally
259 pass arguments in an arrayref. The action will receive the arguments in
260 C<@_> and C<$c-E<gt>req-E<gt>args>. Upon returning from the function,
261 C<$c-E<gt>req-E<gt>args> will be restored to the previous values.
263 Any data C<return>ed from the action forwarded to, will be returned by the
266 my $foodata = $c->forward('/foo');
267 $c->forward('index');
268 $c->forward(qw/MyApp::Model::DBIC::Foo do_stuff/);
269 $c->forward('MyApp::View::TT');
271 Note that forward implies an C<<eval { }>> around the call (well, actually
272 C<execute> does), thus de-fatalizing all 'dies' within the called action. If
273 you want C<die> to propagate you need to do something like:
276 die $c->error if $c->error;
278 Or make sure to always return true values from your actions and write your code
281 $c->forward('foo') || return;
285 sub forward { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->forward( $c, @_ ) }
287 =head2 $c->detach( $action [, \@arguments ] )
289 =head2 $c->detach( $class, $method, [, \@arguments ] )
291 The same as C<forward>, but doesn't return to the previous action when
292 processing is finished.
296 sub detach { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->detach( $c, @_ ) }
302 Returns the current L<Catalyst::Response> object.
306 Returns a hashref to the stash, which may be used to store data and pass
307 it between components during a request. You can also set hash keys by
308 passing arguments. The stash is automatically sent to the view. The
309 stash is cleared at the end of a request; it cannot be used for
312 $c->stash->{foo} = $bar;
313 $c->stash( { moose => 'majestic', qux => 0 } );
314 $c->stash( bar => 1, gorch => 2 ); # equivalent to passing a hashref
316 # stash is automatically passed to the view for use in a template
317 $c->forward( 'MyApp::V::TT' );
324 my $stash = @_ > 1 ? {@_} : $_[0];
325 croak('stash takes a hash or hashref') unless ref $stash;
326 foreach my $key ( keys %$stash ) {
327 $c->{stash}->{$key} = $stash->{$key};
335 =head2 $c->error($error, ...)
337 =head2 $c->error($arrayref)
339 Returns an arrayref containing error messages. If Catalyst encounters an
340 error while processing a request, it stores the error in $c->error. This
341 method should not be used to store non-fatal error messages.
343 my @error = @{ $c->error };
347 $c->error('Something bad happened');
354 my $error = ref $_[0] eq 'ARRAY' ? $_[0] : [@_];
355 croak @$error unless ref $c;
356 push @{ $c->{error} }, @$error;
358 elsif ( defined $_[0] ) { $c->{error} = undef }
359 return $c->{error} || [];
365 Contains the return value of the last executed action.
367 =head2 $c->clear_errors
369 Clear errors. You probably don't want to clear the errors unless you are
370 implementing a custom error screen.
372 This is equivalent to running
388 my ( $c, @names ) = @_;
390 foreach my $name (@names) {
391 foreach my $component ( keys %{ $c->components } ) {
392 return $c->components->{$component} if $component =~ /$name/i;
399 # try explicit component names
401 my ( $c, @names ) = @_;
403 foreach my $try (@names) {
404 return $c->components->{$try} if ( exists $c->components->{$try} );
410 # like component, but try just these prefixes before regex searching,
411 # and do not try to return "sort keys %{ $c->components }"
413 my ( $c, $name, @prefixes ) = @_;
415 my $appclass = ref $c || $c;
417 my @names = map { "${appclass}::${_}::${name}" } @prefixes;
419 my $comp = $c->_comp_explicit(@names);
420 return $comp if defined($comp);
421 $comp = $c->_comp_search($name);
425 # Find possible names for a prefix
428 my ( $c, @prefixes ) = @_;
430 my $appclass = ref $c || $c;
432 my @pre = map { "${appclass}::${_}::" } @prefixes;
436 COMPONENT: foreach my $comp ($c->component) {
437 foreach my $p (@pre) {
438 if ($comp =~ s/^$p//) {
448 # Return a component if only one matches.
450 my ( $c, @prefixes ) = @_;
452 my $appclass = ref $c || $c;
454 my ( $comp, $rest ) =
455 map { $c->_comp_search("^${appclass}::${_}::") } @prefixes;
456 return $comp unless $rest;
459 # Filter a component before returning by calling ACCEPT_CONTEXT if available
460 sub _filter_component {
461 my ( $c, $comp, @args ) = @_;
462 if ( eval { $comp->can('ACCEPT_CONTEXT'); } ) {
463 return $comp->ACCEPT_CONTEXT( $c, @args );
465 else { return $comp }
468 =head2 COMPONENT ACCESSORS
470 =head2 $c->controller($name)
472 Gets a L<Catalyst::Controller> instance by name.
474 $c->controller('Foo')->do_stuff;
476 If name is omitted, will return the controller for the dispatched action.
481 my ( $c, $name, @args ) = @_;
482 return $c->_filter_component( $c->_comp_prefixes( $name, qw/Controller C/ ),
485 return $c->component( $c->action->class );
488 =head2 $c->model($name)
490 Gets a L<Catalyst::Model> instance by name.
492 $c->model('Foo')->do_stuff;
494 If the name is omitted, it will look for a config setting 'default_model',
495 or check if there is only one view, and return it if that's the case.
500 my ( $c, $name, @args ) = @_;
501 return $c->_filter_component( $c->_comp_prefixes( $name, qw/Model M/ ),
504 return $c->component( $c->config->{default_model} )
505 if $c->config->{default_model};
506 return $c->_filter_component( $c->_comp_singular(qw/Model M/), @args );
510 =head2 $c->controllers
512 Returns the available names which can be passed to $c->controller
518 return $c->_comp_names(qw/Controller C/);
522 =head2 $c->view($name)
524 Gets a L<Catalyst::View> instance by name.
526 $c->view('Foo')->do_stuff;
528 If the name is omitted, it will look for a config setting 'default_view',
529 or check if there is only one view, and forward to it if that's the case.
534 my ( $c, $name, @args ) = @_;
535 return $c->_filter_component( $c->_comp_prefixes( $name, qw/View V/ ),
538 return $c->component( $c->config->{default_view} )
539 if $c->config->{default_view};
540 return $c->_filter_component( $c->_comp_singular(qw/View V/) );
545 Returns the available names which can be passed to $c->model
551 return $c->_comp_names(qw/Model M/);
557 Returns the available names which can be passed to $c->view
563 return $c->_comp_names(qw/View V/);
566 =head2 $c->comp($name)
568 =head2 $c->component($name)
570 Gets a component object by name. This method is no longer recommended,
571 unless you want to get a specific component by full
572 class. C<$c-E<gt>controller>, C<$c-E<gt>model>, and C<$c-E<gt>view>
573 should be used instead.
584 my $appclass = ref $c || $c;
587 $name, "${appclass}::${name}",
588 map { "${appclass}::${_}::${name}" }
589 qw/Model M Controller C View V/
592 my $comp = $c->_comp_explicit(@names);
593 return $c->_filter_component( $comp, @_ ) if defined($comp);
595 $comp = $c->_comp_search($name);
596 return $c->_filter_component( $comp, @_ ) if defined($comp);
599 return sort keys %{ $c->components };
604 =head2 CLASS DATA AND HELPER CLASSES
608 Returns or takes a hashref containing the application's configuration.
610 __PACKAGE__->config( { db => 'dsn:SQLite:foo.db' } );
612 You can also use a L<YAML> config file like myapp.yml in your
613 applications home directory.
616 db: dsn:SQLite:foo.db
624 $c->log->warn("Setting config after setup has been run is not a good idea.")
625 if ( @_ and $c->setup_finished );
627 $c->NEXT::config(@_);
632 Returns the logging object instance. Unless it is already set, Catalyst sets
633 this up with a L<Catalyst::Log> object. To use your own log class, set the
634 logger with the C<< __PACKAGE__->log >> method prior to calling
635 C<< __PACKAGE__->setup >>.
637 __PACKAGE__->log( MyLogger->new );
642 $c->log->info( 'Now logging with my own logger!' );
644 Your log class should implement the methods described in the
645 L<Catalyst::Log> man page.
650 Overload to enable debug messages (same as -Debug option).
656 =head2 $c->dispatcher
658 Returns the dispatcher instance. Stringifies to class name. See
659 L<Catalyst::Dispatcher>.
663 Returns the engine instance. Stringifies to the class name. See
667 =head2 UTILITY METHODS
669 =head2 $c->path_to(@path)
671 Merges C<@path> with C<$c-E<gt>config-E<gt>{home}> and returns a
672 L<Path::Class> object.
676 $c->path_to( 'db', 'sqlite.db' );
681 my ( $c, @path ) = @_;
682 my $path = Path::Class::Dir->new( $c->config->{home}, @path );
683 if ( -d $path ) { return $path }
684 else { return Path::Class::File->new( $c->config->{home}, @path ) }
687 =head2 $c->plugin( $name, $class, @args )
689 Helper method for plugins. It creates a classdata accessor/mutator and
690 loads and instantiates the given class.
692 MyApp->plugin( 'prototype', 'HTML::Prototype' );
694 $c->prototype->define_javascript_functions;
699 my ( $class, $name, $plugin, @args ) = @_;
700 $class->_register_plugin( $plugin, 1 );
702 eval { $plugin->import };
703 $class->mk_classdata($name);
705 eval { $obj = $plugin->new(@args) };
708 Catalyst::Exception->throw( message =>
709 qq/Couldn't instantiate instant plugin "$plugin", "$@"/ );
713 $class->log->debug(qq/Initialized instant plugin "$plugin" as "$name"/)
719 Initializes the dispatcher and engine, loads any plugins, and loads the
720 model, view, and controller components. You may also specify an array
721 of plugins to load here, if you choose to not load them in the C<use
725 MyApp->setup( qw/-Debug/ );
730 my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_;
732 $class->log->warn("Running setup twice is not a good idea.")
733 if ( $class->setup_finished );
735 unless ( $class->isa('Catalyst') ) {
737 Catalyst::Exception->throw(
738 message => qq/'$class' does not inherit from Catalyst/ );
741 if ( $class->arguments ) {
742 @arguments = ( @arguments, @{ $class->arguments } );
748 foreach (@arguments) {
752 ( $flags->{log} ) ? 'debug,' . $flags->{log} : 'debug';
754 elsif (/^-(\w+)=?(.*)$/) {
755 $flags->{ lc $1 } = $2;
758 push @{ $flags->{plugins} }, $_;
762 $class->setup_home( delete $flags->{home} );
764 $class->setup_log( delete $flags->{log} );
765 $class->setup_plugins( delete $flags->{plugins} );
766 $class->setup_dispatcher( delete $flags->{dispatcher} );
767 $class->setup_engine( delete $flags->{engine} );
769 for my $flag ( sort keys %{$flags} ) {
771 if ( my $code = $class->can( 'setup_' . $flag ) ) {
772 &$code( $class, delete $flags->{$flag} );
775 $class->log->warn(qq/Unknown flag "$flag"/);
780 <<"EOF") if ( $ENV{CATALYST_SCRIPT_GEN} && ( $ENV{CATALYST_SCRIPT_GEN} < $Catalyst::CATALYST_SCRIPT_GEN ) );
781 You are running an old script!
783 Please update by running (this will overwrite existing files):
784 catalyst.pl -force -scripts $class
786 or (this will not overwrite existing files):
787 catalyst.pl -scripts $class
790 if ( $class->debug ) {
797 map { $_ . ' ' . ( $_->VERSION || '' ) }
798 grep { /^Catalyst::Plugin/ } @{"$class\::ISA"};
802 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new(74);
803 $t->row($_) for @plugins;
804 $class->log->debug( "Loaded plugins:\n" . $t->draw );
807 my $dispatcher = $class->dispatcher;
808 my $engine = $class->engine;
809 my $home = $class->config->{home};
811 $class->log->debug(qq/Loaded dispatcher "$dispatcher"/);
812 $class->log->debug(qq/Loaded engine "$engine"/);
816 ? $class->log->debug(qq/Found home "$home"/)
817 : $class->log->debug(qq/Home "$home" doesn't exist/)
818 : $class->log->debug(q/Couldn't find home/);
823 no warnings qw/redefine/;
824 local *setup = sub { };
828 # Initialize our data structure
829 $class->components( {} );
831 $class->setup_components;
833 if ( $class->debug ) {
834 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new( [ 63, 'Class' ], [ 8, 'Type' ] );
835 for my $comp ( sort keys %{ $class->components } ) {
836 my $type = ref $class->components->{$comp} ? 'instance' : 'class';
837 $t->row( $comp, $type );
839 $class->log->debug( "Loaded components:\n" . $t->draw )
840 if ( keys %{ $class->components } );
843 # Add our self to components, since we are also a component
844 $class->components->{$class} = $class;
846 $class->setup_actions;
848 if ( $class->debug ) {
849 my $name = $class->config->{name} || 'Application';
850 $class->log->info("$name powered by Catalyst $Catalyst::VERSION");
852 $class->log->_flush() if $class->log->can('_flush');
854 $class->setup_finished(1);
857 =head2 $c->uri_for( $path, @args?, \%query_values? )
859 Merges path with C<$c-E<gt>request-E<gt>base> for absolute uri's and
860 with C<$c-E<gt>namespace> for relative uri's, then returns a
861 normalized L<URI> object. If any args are passed, they are added at the
862 end of the path. If the last argument to uri_for is a hash reference,
863 it is assumed to contain GET parameter key/value pairs, which will be
864 appended to the URI in standard fashion.
869 my ( $c, $path, @args ) = @_;
870 my $base = $c->request->base->clone;
871 my $basepath = $base->path;
872 $basepath =~ s/\/$//;
874 my $namespace = $c->namespace || '';
876 # massage namespace, empty if absolute path
877 $namespace =~ s/^\/// if $namespace;
878 $namespace .= '/' if $namespace;
880 $namespace = '' if $path =~ /^\//;
884 ( scalar @args && ref $args[$#args] eq 'HASH' ? pop @args : {} );
886 for my $value ( values %$params ) {
\r
887 my $isa_ref = ref $value;
\r
888 if( $isa_ref and $isa_ref ne 'ARRAY' ) {
\r
889 croak( "Non-array reference ($isa_ref) passed to uri_for()" );
\r
891 utf8::encode( $_ ) for grep { defined } $isa_ref ? @$value : $value;
\r
894 # join args with '/', or a blank string
895 my $args = ( scalar @args ? '/' . join( '/', @args ) : '' );
896 $args =~ s/^\/// unless $path;
898 URI->new_abs( URI->new_abs( "$path$args", "$basepath$namespace" ), $base )
900 $res->query_form(%$params);
904 =head2 $c->welcome_message
906 Returns the Catalyst welcome HTML page.
910 sub welcome_message {
912 my $name = $c->config->{name};
913 my $logo = $c->uri_for('/static/images/catalyst_logo.png');
914 my $prefix = Catalyst::Utils::appprefix( ref $c );
915 $c->response->content_type('text/html; charset=utf-8');
917 <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
918 "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
919 <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en">
921 <meta http-equiv="Content-Language" content="en" />
922 <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
923 <title>$name on Catalyst $VERSION</title>
924 <style type="text/css">
927 background-color: #eee;
936 background-color: #ccc;
937 border: 1px solid #aaa;
942 font-family: verdana, tahoma, sans-serif;
945 font-family: verdana, tahoma, sans-serif;
948 text-decoration: none;
950 border-bottom: 1px dotted #bbb;
952 :link:hover, :visited:hover {
965 background-color: #fff;
966 border: 1px solid #aaa;
992 <h1><span id="appname">$name</span> on <a href="http://catalyst.perl.org">Catalyst</a>
997 <img src="$logo" alt="Catalyst Logo" />
999 <p>Welcome to the wonderful world of Catalyst.
1000 This <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MVC">MVC</a>
1001 framework will make web development something you had
1002 never expected it to be: Fun, rewarding, and quick.</p>
1003 <h2>What to do now?</h2>
1004 <p>That really depends on what <b>you</b> want to do.
1005 We do, however, provide you with a few starting points.</p>
1006 <p>If you want to jump right into web development with Catalyst
1007 you might want to check out the documentation.</p>
1008 <pre><code>perldoc <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/dist/Catalyst/lib/Catalyst/Manual/Intro.pod">Catalyst::Manual::Intro</a>
1009 perldoc <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/dist/Catalyst/lib/Catalyst/Manual/Tutorial.pod">Catalyst::Manual::Tutorial</a></code>
1010 perldoc <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/dist/Catalyst/lib/Catalyst/Manual.pod">Catalyst::Manual</a></code></pre>
1011 <h2>What to do next?</h2>
1012 <p>Next it's time to write an actual application. Use the
1013 helper scripts to generate <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/search?query=Catalyst%3A%3AController%3A%3A&mode=all">controllers</a>,
1014 <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/search?query=Catalyst%3A%3AModel%3A%3A&mode=all">models</a>, and
1015 <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/search?query=Catalyst%3A%3AView%3A%3A&mode=all">views</a>;
1016 they can save you a lot of work.</p>
1017 <pre><code>script/${prefix}_create.pl -help</code></pre>
1018 <p>Also, be sure to check out the vast and growing
1019 collection of <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/search?query=Catalyst%3A%3APlugin%3A%3A&mode=all">plugins for Catalyst on CPAN</a>;
1020 you are likely to find what you need there.
1024 <p>Catalyst has a very active community. Here are the main places to
1025 get in touch with us.</p>
1028 <a href="http://dev.catalyst.perl.org">Wiki</a>
1031 <a href="http://lists.rawmode.org/mailman/listinfo/catalyst">Mailing-List</a>
1034 <a href="irc://irc.perl.org/catalyst">IRC channel #catalyst on irc.perl.org</a>
1037 <h2>In conclusion</h2>
1038 <p>The Catalyst team hopes you will enjoy using Catalyst as much
1039 as we enjoyed making it. Please contact us if you have ideas
1040 for improvement or other feedback.</p>
1048 =head1 INTERNAL METHODS
1050 These methods are not meant to be used by end users.
1052 =head2 $c->components
1054 Returns a hash of components.
1056 =head2 $c->context_class
1058 Returns or sets the context class.
1062 Returns a hashref containing coderefs and execution counts (needed for
1063 deep recursion detection).
1067 Returns the number of actions on the current internal execution stack.
1071 Dispatches a request to actions.
1075 sub dispatch { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->dispatch( $c, @_ ) }
1077 =head2 $c->dispatcher_class
1079 Returns or sets the dispatcher class.
1081 =head2 $c->dump_these
1083 Returns a list of 2-element array references (name, structure) pairs
1084 that will be dumped on the error page in debug mode.
1090 [ Request => $c->req ],
1091 [ Response => $c->res ],
1092 [ Stash => $c->stash ],
1093 [ Config => $c->config ];
1096 =head2 $c->engine_class
1098 Returns or sets the engine class.
1100 =head2 $c->execute( $class, $coderef )
1102 Execute a coderef in given class and catch exceptions. Errors are available
1108 my ( $c, $class, $code ) = @_;
1109 $class = $c->component($class) || $class;
1112 if ( $c->depth >= $RECURSION ) {
1113 my $action = "$code";
1114 $action = "/$action" unless $action =~ /\-\>/;
1115 my $error = qq/Deep recursion detected calling "$action"/;
1116 $c->log->error($error);
1122 my $stats_info = $c->_stats_start_execute( $code );
1124 push( @{ $c->stack }, $code );
1126 eval { $c->state( &$code( $class, $c, @{ $c->req->args } ) || 0 ) };
1128 $c->_stats_finish_execute( $stats_info );
1130 my $last = ${ $c->stack }[-1];
1131 pop( @{ $c->stack } );
1133 if ( my $error = $@ ) {
1134 if ( $error eq $DETACH ) { die $DETACH if $c->depth > 1 }
1136 unless ( ref $error ) {
1138 my $class = $last->class;
1139 my $name = $last->name;
1140 $error = qq/Caught exception in $class->$name "$error"/;
1149 sub _stats_start_execute {
1150 my ( $c, $code ) = @_;
1152 return unless $c->debug;
1154 my $action = "$code";
1156 $action = "/$action" unless $action =~ /\-\>/;
1157 $c->counter->{"$code"}++;
1159 # determine if the call was the result of a forward
1160 # this is done by walking up the call stack and looking for a calling
1161 # sub of Catalyst::forward before the eval
1163 for my $index ( 2 .. 11 ) {
1165 if ( ( caller($index) )[0] eq 'Catalyst'
1166 && ( caller($index) )[3] eq '(eval)' );
1168 if ( ( caller($index) )[3] =~ /forward$/ ) {
1169 $callsub = ( caller($index) )[3];
1170 $action = "-> $action";
1175 my $node = Tree::Simple->new(
1178 elapsed => undef, # to be filled in later
1182 $node->setUID( "$code" . $c->counter->{"$code"} );
1184 unless ( ( $code->name =~ /^_.*/ )
1185 && ( !$c->config->{show_internal_actions} ) )
1187 # is this a root-level call or a forwarded call?
1188 if ( $callsub =~ /forward$/ ) {
1190 # forward, locate the caller
1191 if ( my $parent = $c->stack->[-1] ) {
1192 my $visitor = Tree::Simple::Visitor::FindByUID->new;
1193 $visitor->searchForUID(
1194 "$parent" . $c->counter->{"$parent"} );
1195 $c->stats->accept($visitor);
1196 if ( my $result = $visitor->getResult ) {
1197 $result->addChild($node);
1202 # forward with no caller may come from a plugin
1203 $c->stats->addChild($node);
1209 $c->stats->addChild($node);
1213 my $start = [gettimeofday];
1214 my $elapsed = tv_interval($start);
1218 elapsed => $elapsed,
1224 sub _stats_finish_execute {
1225 my ( $c, $info ) = @_;
1227 return unless $c->debug;
1229 my ( $code, $start, $elapsed ) = @{ $info }{qw/code start elapsed/};
1231 unless ( ( $code->name =~ /^_.*/ )
1232 && ( !$c->config->{show_internal_actions} ) )
1235 # FindByUID uses an internal die, so we save the existing error
1238 # locate the node in the tree and update the elapsed time
1239 my $visitor = Tree::Simple::Visitor::FindByUID->new;
1240 $visitor->searchForUID( "$code" . $c->counter->{"$code"} );
1241 $c->stats->accept($visitor);
1242 if ( my $result = $visitor->getResult ) {
1243 my $value = $result->getNodeValue;
1244 $value->{elapsed} = sprintf( '%fs', $elapsed );
1245 $result->setNodeValue($value);
1249 $@ = $error || undef;
1253 =head2 $c->_localize_fields( sub { }, \%keys );
1257 sub _localize_fields {
1258 my ( $c, $localized, $code ) = ( @_ );
1260 my $request = delete $localized->{request} || {};
1261 my $response = delete $localized->{response} || {};
1263 local @{ $c }{ keys %$localized } = values %$localized;
1264 local @{ $c->request }{ keys %$request } = values %$request;
1265 local @{ $c->response }{ keys %$response } = values %$response;
1272 Finalizes the request.
1279 for my $error ( @{ $c->error } ) {
1280 $c->log->error($error);
1283 # Allow engine to handle finalize flow (for POE)
1284 if ( $c->engine->can('finalize') ) {
1285 $c->engine->finalize($c);
1289 $c->finalize_uploads;
1292 if ( $#{ $c->error } >= 0 ) {
1296 $c->finalize_headers;
1299 if ( $c->request->method eq 'HEAD' ) {
1300 $c->response->body('');
1306 return $c->response->status;
1309 =head2 $c->finalize_body
1315 sub finalize_body { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_body( $c, @_ ) }
1317 =head2 $c->finalize_cookies
1323 sub finalize_cookies { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_cookies( $c, @_ ) }
1325 =head2 $c->finalize_error
1331 sub finalize_error { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_error( $c, @_ ) }
1333 =head2 $c->finalize_headers
1339 sub finalize_headers {
1342 # Check if we already finalized headers
1343 return if $c->response->{_finalized_headers};
1346 if ( my $location = $c->response->redirect ) {
1347 $c->log->debug(qq/Redirecting to "$location"/) if $c->debug;
1348 $c->response->header( Location => $location );
1352 if ( $c->response->body && !$c->response->content_length ) {
1354 # get the length from a filehandle
1355 if ( blessed( $c->response->body ) && $c->response->body->can('read') )
1357 if ( my $stat = stat $c->response->body ) {
1358 $c->response->content_length( $stat->size );
1361 $c->log->warn('Serving filehandle without a content-length');
1365 $c->response->content_length( bytes::length( $c->response->body ) );
1370 if ( $c->response->status =~ /^(1\d\d|[23]04)$/ ) {
1371 $c->response->headers->remove_header("Content-Length");
1372 $c->response->body('');
1375 $c->finalize_cookies;
1377 $c->engine->finalize_headers( $c, @_ );
1380 $c->response->{_finalized_headers} = 1;
1383 =head2 $c->finalize_output
1385 An alias for finalize_body.
1387 =head2 $c->finalize_read
1389 Finalizes the input after reading is complete.
1393 sub finalize_read { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_read( $c, @_ ) }
1395 =head2 $c->finalize_uploads
1397 Finalizes uploads. Cleans up any temporary files.
1401 sub finalize_uploads { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_uploads( $c, @_ ) }
1403 =head2 $c->get_action( $action, $namespace )
1405 Gets an action in a given namespace.
1409 sub get_action { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->get_action(@_) }
1411 =head2 $c->get_actions( $action, $namespace )
1413 Gets all actions of a given name in a namespace and all parent
1418 sub get_actions { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->get_actions( $c, @_ ) }
1420 =head2 $c->handle_request( $class, @arguments )
1422 Called to handle each HTTP request.
1426 sub handle_request {
1427 my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_;
1429 # Always expect worst case!
1432 my $stats = ( $class->debug ) ? Tree::Simple->new: q{};
1435 my $c = $class->prepare(@arguments);
1438 return $c->finalize;
1441 if ( $class->debug ) {
1442 my $start = [gettimeofday];
1443 $status = &$handler;
1444 my $elapsed = tv_interval $start;
1445 $elapsed = sprintf '%f', $elapsed;
1446 my $av = sprintf '%.3f',
1447 ( $elapsed == 0 ? '??' : ( 1 / $elapsed ) );
1448 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new( [ 62, 'Action' ], [ 9, 'Time' ] );
1453 my $stat = $action->getNodeValue;
1454 $t->row( ( q{ } x $action->getDepth ) . $stat->{action} . $stat->{comment},
1455 $stat->{elapsed} || '??' );
1460 "Request took ${elapsed}s ($av/s)\n" . $t->draw );
1462 else { $status = &$handler }
1466 if ( my $error = $@ ) {
1468 $class->log->error(qq/Caught exception in engine "$error"/);
1472 $class->log->_flush() if $class->log->can('_flush');
1476 =head2 $c->prepare( @arguments )
1478 Creates a Catalyst context from an engine-specific request (Apache, CGI,
1484 my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_;
1486 $class->context_class( ref $class || $class ) unless $class->context_class;
1487 my $c = $class->context_class->new(
1491 request => $class->request_class->new(
1494 body_parameters => {},
1496 headers => HTTP::Headers->new,
1498 query_parameters => {},
1504 response => $class->response_class->new(
1508 headers => HTTP::Headers->new(),
1517 # For on-demand data
1518 $c->request->{_context} = $c;
1519 $c->response->{_context} = $c;
1520 weaken( $c->request->{_context} );
1521 weaken( $c->response->{_context} );
1524 my $secs = time - $START || 1;
1525 my $av = sprintf '%.3f', $COUNT / $secs;
1526 my $time = localtime time;
1527 $c->log->info("*** Request $COUNT ($av/s) [$$] [$time] ***");
1528 $c->res->headers->header( 'X-Catalyst' => $Catalyst::VERSION );
1531 # Allow engine to direct the prepare flow (for POE)
1532 if ( $c->engine->can('prepare') ) {
1533 $c->engine->prepare( $c, @arguments );
1536 $c->prepare_request(@arguments);
1537 $c->prepare_connection;
1538 $c->prepare_query_parameters;
1539 $c->prepare_headers;
1540 $c->prepare_cookies;
1544 $c->prepare_body unless $c->config->{parse_on_demand};
1547 my $method = $c->req->method || '';
1548 my $path = $c->req->path || '/';
1549 my $address = $c->req->address || '';
1551 $c->log->debug(qq/"$method" request for "$path" from "$address"/)
1559 =head2 $c->prepare_action
1561 Prepares action. See L<Catalyst::Dispatcher>.
1565 sub prepare_action { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->prepare_action( $c, @_ ) }
1567 =head2 $c->prepare_body
1569 Prepares message body.
1576 # Do we run for the first time?
1577 return if defined $c->request->{_body};
1579 # Initialize on-demand data
1580 $c->engine->prepare_body( $c, @_ );
1581 $c->prepare_parameters;
1582 $c->prepare_uploads;
1584 if ( $c->debug && keys %{ $c->req->body_parameters } ) {
1585 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new( [ 35, 'Parameter' ], [ 36, 'Value' ] );
1586 for my $key ( sort keys %{ $c->req->body_parameters } ) {
1587 my $param = $c->req->body_parameters->{$key};
1588 my $value = defined($param) ? $param : '';
1590 ref $value eq 'ARRAY' ? ( join ', ', @$value ) : $value );
1592 $c->log->debug( "Body Parameters are:\n" . $t->draw );
1596 =head2 $c->prepare_body_chunk( $chunk )
1598 Prepares a chunk of data before sending it to L<HTTP::Body>.
1600 See L<Catalyst::Engine>.
1604 sub prepare_body_chunk {
1606 $c->engine->prepare_body_chunk( $c, @_ );
1609 =head2 $c->prepare_body_parameters
1611 Prepares body parameters.
1615 sub prepare_body_parameters {
1617 $c->engine->prepare_body_parameters( $c, @_ );
1620 =head2 $c->prepare_connection
1622 Prepares connection.
1626 sub prepare_connection {
1628 $c->engine->prepare_connection( $c, @_ );
1631 =head2 $c->prepare_cookies
1637 sub prepare_cookies { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_cookies( $c, @_ ) }
1639 =head2 $c->prepare_headers
1645 sub prepare_headers { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_headers( $c, @_ ) }
1647 =head2 $c->prepare_parameters
1649 Prepares parameters.
1653 sub prepare_parameters {
1655 $c->prepare_body_parameters;
1656 $c->engine->prepare_parameters( $c, @_ );
1659 =head2 $c->prepare_path
1661 Prepares path and base.
1665 sub prepare_path { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_path( $c, @_ ) }
1667 =head2 $c->prepare_query_parameters
1669 Prepares query parameters.
1673 sub prepare_query_parameters {
1676 $c->engine->prepare_query_parameters( $c, @_ );
1678 if ( $c->debug && keys %{ $c->request->query_parameters } ) {
1679 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new( [ 35, 'Parameter' ], [ 36, 'Value' ] );
1680 for my $key ( sort keys %{ $c->req->query_parameters } ) {
1681 my $param = $c->req->query_parameters->{$key};
1682 my $value = defined($param) ? $param : '';
1684 ref $value eq 'ARRAY' ? ( join ', ', @$value ) : $value );
1686 $c->log->debug( "Query Parameters are:\n" . $t->draw );
1690 =head2 $c->prepare_read
1692 Prepares the input for reading.
1696 sub prepare_read { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_read( $c, @_ ) }
1698 =head2 $c->prepare_request
1700 Prepares the engine request.
1704 sub prepare_request { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_request( $c, @_ ) }
1706 =head2 $c->prepare_uploads
1712 sub prepare_uploads {
1715 $c->engine->prepare_uploads( $c, @_ );
1717 if ( $c->debug && keys %{ $c->request->uploads } ) {
1718 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new(
1719 [ 12, 'Parameter' ],
1724 for my $key ( sort keys %{ $c->request->uploads } ) {
1725 my $upload = $c->request->uploads->{$key};
1726 for my $u ( ref $upload eq 'ARRAY' ? @{$upload} : ($upload) ) {
1727 $t->row( $key, $u->filename, $u->type, $u->size );
1730 $c->log->debug( "File Uploads are:\n" . $t->draw );
1734 =head2 $c->prepare_write
1736 Prepares the output for writing.
1740 sub prepare_write { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_write( $c, @_ ) }
1742 =head2 $c->request_class
1744 Returns or sets the request class.
1746 =head2 $c->response_class
1748 Returns or sets the response class.
1750 =head2 $c->read( [$maxlength] )
1752 Reads a chunk of data from the request body. This method is designed to
1753 be used in a while loop, reading C<$maxlength> bytes on every call.
1754 C<$maxlength> defaults to the size of the request if not specified.
1756 You have to set C<MyApp-E<gt>config-E<gt>{parse_on_demand}> to use this
1761 sub read { my $c = shift; return $c->engine->read( $c, @_ ) }
1769 sub run { my $c = shift; return $c->engine->run( $c, @_ ) }
1771 =head2 $c->set_action( $action, $code, $namespace, $attrs )
1773 Sets an action in a given namespace.
1777 sub set_action { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->set_action( $c, @_ ) }
1779 =head2 $c->setup_actions($component)
1781 Sets up actions for a component.
1785 sub setup_actions { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->setup_actions( $c, @_ ) }
1787 =head2 $c->setup_components
1793 sub setup_components {
1796 my $callback = sub {
1797 my ( $component, $context ) = @_;
1799 unless ( $component->can('COMPONENT') ) {
1803 my $suffix = Catalyst::Utils::class2classsuffix($component);
1804 my $config = $class->config->{$suffix} || {};
1808 eval { $instance = $component->COMPONENT( $context, $config ); };
1810 if ( my $error = $@ ) {
1814 Catalyst::Exception->throw( message =>
1815 qq/Couldn't instantiate component "$component", "$error"/ );
1818 Catalyst::Exception->throw( message =>
1819 qq/Couldn't instantiate component "$component", "COMPONENT() didn't return a object"/
1821 unless ref $instance;
1825 eval "package $class;\n" . q!Module::Pluggable::Fast->import(
1826 name => '_catalyst_components',
1828 "$class\::Controller", "$class\::C",
1829 "$class\::Model", "$class\::M",
1830 "$class\::View", "$class\::V"
1832 callback => $callback
1836 if ( my $error = $@ ) {
1840 Catalyst::Exception->throw(
1841 message => qq/Couldn't load components "$error"/ );
1844 for my $component ( $class->_catalyst_components($class) ) {
1845 $class->components->{ ref $component || $component } = $component;
1849 =head2 $c->setup_dispatcher
1855 sub setup_dispatcher {
1856 my ( $class, $dispatcher ) = @_;
1859 $dispatcher = 'Catalyst::Dispatcher::' . $dispatcher;
1862 if ( $ENV{CATALYST_DISPATCHER} ) {
1863 $dispatcher = 'Catalyst::Dispatcher::' . $ENV{CATALYST_DISPATCHER};
1866 if ( $ENV{ uc($class) . '_DISPATCHER' } ) {
1868 'Catalyst::Dispatcher::' . $ENV{ uc($class) . '_DISPATCHER' };
1871 unless ($dispatcher) {
1872 $dispatcher = $class->dispatcher_class;
1875 unless (Class::Inspector->loaded($dispatcher)) {
1876 require Class::Inspector->filename($dispatcher);
1879 # dispatcher instance
1880 $class->dispatcher( $dispatcher->new );
1883 =head2 $c->setup_engine
1890 my ( $class, $engine ) = @_;
1893 $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::' . $engine;
1896 if ( $ENV{CATALYST_ENGINE} ) {
1897 $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::' . $ENV{CATALYST_ENGINE};
1900 if ( $ENV{ uc($class) . '_ENGINE' } ) {
1901 $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::' . $ENV{ uc($class) . '_ENGINE' };
1904 if ( $ENV{MOD_PERL} ) {
1906 # create the apache method
1909 *{"$class\::apache"} = sub { shift->engine->apache };
1912 my ( $software, $version ) =
1913 $ENV{MOD_PERL} =~ /^(\S+)\/(\d+(?:[\.\_]\d+)+)/;
1916 $version =~ s/(\.[^.]+)\./$1/g;
1918 if ( $software eq 'mod_perl' ) {
1922 if ( $version >= 1.99922 ) {
1923 $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::Apache2::MP20';
1926 elsif ( $version >= 1.9901 ) {
1927 $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::Apache2::MP19';
1930 elsif ( $version >= 1.24 ) {
1931 $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::Apache::MP13';
1935 Catalyst::Exception->throw( message =>
1936 qq/Unsupported mod_perl version: $ENV{MOD_PERL}/ );
1941 # install the correct mod_perl handler
1942 if ( $version >= 1.9901 ) {
1943 *handler = sub : method {
1944 shift->handle_request(@_);
1948 *handler = sub ($$) { shift->handle_request(@_) };
1953 elsif ( $software eq 'Zeus-Perl' ) {
1954 $engine = 'Catalyst::Engine::Zeus';
1958 Catalyst::Exception->throw(
1959 message => qq/Unsupported mod_perl: $ENV{MOD_PERL}/ );
1964 $engine = $class->engine_class;
1967 unless (Class::Inspector->loaded($engine)) {
1968 require Class::Inspector->filename($engine);
1971 # check for old engines that are no longer compatible
1973 if ( $engine->isa('Catalyst::Engine::Apache')
1974 && !Catalyst::Engine::Apache->VERSION )
1979 elsif ( $engine->isa('Catalyst::Engine::Server::Base')
1980 && Catalyst::Engine::Server->VERSION le '0.02' )
1985 elsif ($engine->isa('Catalyst::Engine::HTTP::POE')
1986 && $engine->VERSION eq '0.01' )
1991 elsif ($engine->isa('Catalyst::Engine::Zeus')
1992 && $engine->VERSION eq '0.01' )
1998 Catalyst::Exception->throw( message =>
1999 qq/Engine "$engine" is not supported by this version of Catalyst/
2004 $class->engine( $engine->new );
2007 =head2 $c->setup_home
2009 Sets up the home directory.
2014 my ( $class, $home ) = @_;
2016 if ( $ENV{CATALYST_HOME} ) {
2017 $home = $ENV{CATALYST_HOME};
2020 if ( $ENV{ uc($class) . '_HOME' } ) {
2021 $home = $ENV{ uc($class) . '_HOME' };
2025 $home = Catalyst::Utils::home($class);
2029 $class->config->{home} ||= $home;
2030 $class->config->{root} ||= Path::Class::Dir->new($home)->subdir('root');
2034 =head2 $c->setup_log
2041 my ( $class, $debug ) = @_;
2043 unless ( $class->log ) {
2044 $class->log( Catalyst::Log->new );
2047 my $app_flag = Catalyst::Utils::class2env($class) . '_DEBUG';
2050 ( defined( $ENV{CATALYST_DEBUG} ) || defined( $ENV{$app_flag} ) )
2051 ? ( $ENV{CATALYST_DEBUG} || $ENV{$app_flag} )
2056 *{"$class\::debug"} = sub { 1 };
2057 $class->log->debug('Debug messages enabled');
2061 =head2 $c->setup_plugins
2067 =head2 $c->registered_plugins
2069 Returns a sorted list of the plugins which have either been stated in the
2070 import list or which have been added via C<< MyApp->plugin(@args); >>.
2072 If passed a given plugin name, it will report a boolean value indicating
2073 whether or not that plugin is loaded. A fully qualified name is required if
2074 the plugin name does not begin with C<Catalyst::Plugin::>.
2076 if ($c->registered_plugins('Some::Plugin')) {
2084 sub registered_plugins {
2086 return sort keys %{ $proto->_plugins } unless @_;
2088 return 1 if exists $proto->_plugins->{$plugin};
2089 return exists $proto->_plugins->{"Catalyst::Plugin::$plugin"};
2092 sub _register_plugin {
2093 my ( $proto, $plugin, $instant ) = @_;
2094 my $class = ref $proto || $proto;
2096 unless (Class::Inspector->loaded($plugin)) {
2097 require Class::Inspector->filename($plugin);
2100 $proto->_plugins->{$plugin} = 1;
2103 unshift @{"$class\::ISA"}, $plugin;
2109 my ( $class, $plugins ) = @_;
2111 $class->_plugins( {} ) unless $class->_plugins;
2113 for my $plugin ( reverse @$plugins ) {
2115 unless ( $plugin =~ s/\A\+// ) {
2116 $plugin = "Catalyst::Plugin::$plugin";
2119 $class->_register_plugin($plugin);
2126 Returns an arrayref of the internal execution stack (actions that are currently
2129 =head2 $c->write( $data )
2131 Writes $data to the output stream. When using this method directly, you
2132 will need to manually set the C<Content-Length> header to the length of
2133 your output data, if known.
2140 # Finalize headers if someone manually writes output
2141 $c->finalize_headers;
2143 return $c->engine->write( $c, @_ );
2148 Returns the Catalyst version number. Mostly useful for "powered by"
2149 messages in template systems.
2153 sub version { return $Catalyst::VERSION }
2155 =head1 INTERNAL ACTIONS
2157 Catalyst uses internal actions like C<_DISPATCH>, C<_BEGIN>, C<_AUTO>,
2158 C<_ACTION>, and C<_END>. These are by default not shown in the private
2159 action table, but you can make them visible with a config parameter.
2161 MyApp->config->{show_internal_actions} = 1;
2163 =head1 CASE SENSITIVITY
2165 By default Catalyst is not case sensitive, so C<MyApp::C::FOO::Bar> is
2166 mapped to C</foo/bar>. You can activate case sensitivity with a config
2169 MyApp->config->{case_sensitive} = 1;
2171 This causes C<MyApp::C::Foo::Bar> to map to C</Foo/Bar>.
2173 =head1 ON-DEMAND PARSER
2175 The request body is usually parsed at the beginning of a request,
2176 but if you want to handle input yourself or speed things up a bit,
2177 you can enable on-demand parsing with a config parameter.
2179 MyApp->config->{parse_on_demand} = 1;
2181 =head1 PROXY SUPPORT
2183 Many production servers operate using the common double-server approach,
2184 with a lightweight frontend web server passing requests to a larger
2185 backend server. An application running on the backend server must deal
2186 with two problems: the remote user always appears to be C<127.0.0.1> and
2187 the server's hostname will appear to be C<localhost> regardless of the
2188 virtual host that the user connected through.
2190 Catalyst will automatically detect this situation when you are running
2191 the frontend and backend servers on the same machine. The following
2192 changes are made to the request.
2194 $c->req->address is set to the user's real IP address, as read from
2195 the HTTP X-Forwarded-For header.
2197 The host value for $c->req->base and $c->req->uri is set to the real
2198 host, as read from the HTTP X-Forwarded-Host header.
2200 Obviously, your web server must support these headers for this to work.
2202 In a more complex server farm environment where you may have your
2203 frontend proxy server(s) on different machines, you will need to set a
2204 configuration option to tell Catalyst to read the proxied data from the
2207 MyApp->config->{using_frontend_proxy} = 1;
2209 If you do not wish to use the proxy support at all, you may set:
2211 MyApp->config->{ignore_frontend_proxy} = 1;
2213 =head1 THREAD SAFETY
2215 Catalyst has been tested under Apache 2's threading mpm_worker, mpm_winnt,
2216 and the standalone forking HTTP server on Windows. We believe the Catalyst
2217 core to be thread-safe.
2219 If you plan to operate in a threaded environment, remember that all other
2220 modules you are using must also be thread-safe. Some modules, most notably
2221 L<DBD::SQLite>, are not thread-safe.
2227 Join #catalyst on irc.perl.org.
2231 http://lists.rawmode.org/mailman/listinfo/catalyst
2232 http://lists.rawmode.org/mailman/listinfo/catalyst-dev
2236 http://catalyst.perl.org
2240 http://dev.catalyst.perl.org
2244 =head2 L<Task::Catalyst> - All you need to start with Catalyst
2246 =head2 L<Catalyst::Manual> - The Catalyst Manual
2248 =head2 L<Catalyst::Component>, L<Catalyst::Base> - Base classes for components
2250 =head2 L<Catalyst::Engine> - Core engine
2252 =head2 L<Catalyst::Log> - Log class.
2254 =head2 L<Catalyst::Request> - Request object
2256 =head2 L<Catalyst::Response> - Response object
2258 =head2 L<Catalyst::Test> - The test suite.
2330 Sebastian Riedel, C<sri@oook.de>
2334 This library is free software, you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
2335 the same terms as Perl itself.