4 use Moose::Meta::Class ();
5 extends 'Catalyst::Component';
6 use Moose::Util qw/find_meta/;
7 use B::Hooks::EndOfScope ();
8 use Catalyst::Exception;
9 use Catalyst::Exception::Detach;
10 use Catalyst::Exception::Go;
12 use Catalyst::Request;
13 use Catalyst::Request::Upload;
14 use Catalyst::Response;
16 use Catalyst::Controller;
18 use Devel::InnerPackage ();
19 use Module::Pluggable::Object ();
20 use Text::SimpleTable ();
21 use Path::Class::Dir ();
22 use Path::Class::File ();
26 use Tree::Simple qw/use_weak_refs/;
27 use Tree::Simple::Visitor::FindByUID;
28 use Class::C3::Adopt::NEXT;
29 use List::MoreUtils qw/uniq/;
31 use String::RewritePrefix;
32 use Catalyst::EngineLoader;
34 use Carp qw/croak carp shortmess/;
36 use Plack::Middleware::Conditional;
37 use Plack::Middleware::ReverseProxy;
38 use Plack::Middleware::IIS6ScriptNameFix;
39 use Plack::Middleware::LighttpdScriptNameFix;
41 BEGIN { require 5.008004; }
43 has stack => (is => 'ro', default => sub { [] });
44 has stash => (is => 'rw', default => sub { {} });
45 has state => (is => 'rw', default => 0);
46 has stats => (is => 'rw');
47 has action => (is => 'rw');
48 has counter => (is => 'rw', default => sub { {} });
49 has request => (is => 'rw', default => sub { $_[0]->request_class->new({}) }, required => 1, lazy => 1);
50 has response => (is => 'rw', default => sub { $_[0]->response_class->new({}) }, required => 1, lazy => 1);
51 has namespace => (is => 'rw');
53 sub depth { scalar @{ shift->stack || [] }; }
54 sub comp { shift->component(@_) }
57 my $self = shift; return $self->request(@_);
60 my $self = shift; return $self->response(@_);
63 # For backwards compatibility
64 sub finalize_output { shift->finalize_body(@_) };
69 our $RECURSION = 1000;
70 our $DETACH = Catalyst::Exception::Detach->new;
71 our $GO = Catalyst::Exception::Go->new;
73 #I imagine that very few of these really need to be class variables. if any.
74 #maybe we should just make them attributes with a default?
75 __PACKAGE__->mk_classdata($_)
76 for qw/components arguments dispatcher engine log dispatcher_class
77 engine_loader context_class request_class response_class stats_class
78 setup_finished _psgi_app loading_psgi_file/;
80 __PACKAGE__->dispatcher_class('Catalyst::Dispatcher');
81 __PACKAGE__->request_class('Catalyst::Request');
82 __PACKAGE__->response_class('Catalyst::Response');
83 __PACKAGE__->stats_class('Catalyst::Stats');
85 # Remember to update this in Catalyst::Runtime as well!
87 our $VERSION = '5.90005';
90 my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_;
92 # We have to limit $class to Catalyst to avoid pushing Catalyst upon every
94 return unless $class eq 'Catalyst';
96 my $caller = caller();
97 return if $caller eq 'main';
99 my $meta = Moose::Meta::Class->initialize($caller);
100 unless ( $caller->isa('Catalyst') ) {
101 my @superclasses = ($meta->superclasses, $class, 'Catalyst::Controller');
102 $meta->superclasses(@superclasses);
104 # Avoid possible C3 issues if 'Moose::Object' is already on RHS of MyApp
105 $meta->superclasses(grep { $_ ne 'Moose::Object' } $meta->superclasses);
107 unless( $meta->has_method('meta') ){
108 if ($Moose::VERSION >= 1.15) {
109 $meta->_add_meta_method('meta');
112 $meta->add_method(meta => sub { Moose::Meta::Class->initialize("${caller}") } );
116 $caller->arguments( [@arguments] );
120 sub _application { $_[0] }
124 Catalyst - The Elegant MVC Web Application Framework
128 See the L<Catalyst::Manual> distribution for comprehensive
129 documentation and tutorials.
131 # Install Catalyst::Devel for helpers and other development tools
132 # use the helper to create a new application
135 # add models, views, controllers
136 script/myapp_create.pl model MyDatabase DBIC::Schema create=static dbi:SQLite:/path/to/db
137 script/myapp_create.pl view MyTemplate TT
138 script/myapp_create.pl controller Search
140 # built in testserver -- use -r to restart automatically on changes
141 # --help to see all available options
142 script/myapp_server.pl
144 # command line testing interface
145 script/myapp_test.pl /yada
148 use Catalyst qw/-Debug/; # include plugins here as well
150 ### In lib/MyApp/Controller/Root.pm (autocreated)
151 sub foo : Chained('/') Args() { # called for /foo, /foo/1, /foo/1/2, etc.
152 my ( $self, $c, @args ) = @_; # args are qw/1 2/ for /foo/1/2
153 $c->stash->{template} = 'foo.tt'; # set the template
154 # lookup something from db -- stash vars are passed to TT
156 $c->model('Database::Foo')->search( { country => $args[0] } );
157 if ( $c->req->params->{bar} ) { # access GET or POST parameters
158 $c->forward( 'bar' ); # process another action
159 # do something else after forward returns
163 # The foo.tt TT template can use the stash data from the database
164 [% WHILE (item = data.next) %]
168 # called for /bar/of/soap, /bar/of/soap/10, etc.
169 sub bar : Chained('/') PathPart('/bar/of/soap') Args() { ... }
171 # called after all actions are finished
173 my ( $self, $c ) = @_;
174 if ( scalar @{ $c->error } ) { ... } # handle errors
175 return if $c->res->body; # already have a response
176 $c->forward( 'MyApp::View::TT' ); # render template
179 See L<Catalyst::Manual::Intro> for additional information.
183 Catalyst is a modern framework for making web applications without the
184 pain usually associated with this process. This document is a reference
185 to the main Catalyst application. If you are a new user, we suggest you
186 start with L<Catalyst::Manual::Tutorial> or L<Catalyst::Manual::Intro>.
188 See L<Catalyst::Manual> for more documentation.
190 Catalyst plugins can be loaded by naming them as arguments to the "use
191 Catalyst" statement. Omit the C<Catalyst::Plugin::> prefix from the
192 plugin name, i.e., C<Catalyst::Plugin::My::Module> becomes
195 use Catalyst qw/My::Module/;
197 If your plugin starts with a name other than C<Catalyst::Plugin::>, you can
198 fully qualify the name by using a unary plus:
202 +Fully::Qualified::Plugin::Name
205 Special flags like C<-Debug> can also be specified as
206 arguments when Catalyst is loaded:
208 use Catalyst qw/-Debug My::Module/;
210 The position of plugins and flags in the chain is important, because
211 they are loaded in the order in which they appear.
213 The following flags are supported:
217 Enables debug output. You can also force this setting from the system
218 environment with CATALYST_DEBUG or <MYAPP>_DEBUG. The environment
219 settings override the application, with <MYAPP>_DEBUG having the highest
222 This sets the log level to 'debug' and enables full debug output on the
223 error screen. If you only want the latter, see L<< $c->debug >>.
227 Forces Catalyst to use a specific home directory, e.g.:
229 use Catalyst qw[-Home=/usr/mst];
231 This can also be done in the shell environment by setting either the
232 C<CATALYST_HOME> environment variable or C<MYAPP_HOME>; where C<MYAPP>
233 is replaced with the uppercased name of your application, any "::" in
234 the name will be replaced with underscores, e.g. MyApp::Web should use
235 MYAPP_WEB_HOME. If both variables are set, the MYAPP_HOME one will be used.
237 If none of these are set, Catalyst will attempt to automatically detect the
238 home directory. If you are working in a development environment, Catalyst
239 will try and find the directory containing either Makefile.PL, Build.PL or
240 dist.ini. If the application has been installed into the system (i.e.
241 you have done C<make install>), then Catalyst will use the path to your
242 application module, without the .pm extension (e.g., /foo/MyApp if your
243 application was installed at /foo/MyApp.pm)
247 use Catalyst '-Log=warn,fatal,error';
249 Specifies a comma-delimited list of log levels.
253 Enables statistics collection and reporting.
255 use Catalyst qw/-Stats=1/;
257 You can also force this setting from the system environment with CATALYST_STATS
258 or <MYAPP>_STATS. The environment settings override the application, with
259 <MYAPP>_STATS having the highest priority.
261 Stats are also enabled if L<< debugging |/"-Debug" >> is enabled.
265 =head2 INFORMATION ABOUT THE CURRENT REQUEST
269 Returns a L<Catalyst::Action> object for the current action, which
270 stringifies to the action name. See L<Catalyst::Action>.
274 Returns the namespace of the current action, i.e., the URI prefix
275 corresponding to the controller of the current action. For example:
277 # in Controller::Foo::Bar
278 $c->namespace; # returns 'foo/bar';
284 Returns the current L<Catalyst::Request> object, giving access to
285 information about the current client request (including parameters,
286 cookies, HTTP headers, etc.). See L<Catalyst::Request>.
288 =head2 REQUEST FLOW HANDLING
290 =head2 $c->forward( $action [, \@arguments ] )
292 =head2 $c->forward( $class, $method, [, \@arguments ] )
294 Forwards processing to another action, by its private name. If you give a
295 class name but no method, C<process()> is called. You may also optionally
296 pass arguments in an arrayref. The action will receive the arguments in
297 C<@_> and C<< $c->req->args >>. Upon returning from the function,
298 C<< $c->req->args >> will be restored to the previous values.
300 Any data C<return>ed from the action forwarded to, will be returned by the
303 my $foodata = $c->forward('/foo');
304 $c->forward('index');
305 $c->forward(qw/Model::DBIC::Foo do_stuff/);
306 $c->forward('View::TT');
308 Note that L<< forward|/"$c->forward( $action [, \@arguments ] )" >> implies
309 an C<< eval { } >> around the call (actually
310 L<< execute|/"$c->execute( $class, $coderef )" >> does), thus rendering all
311 exceptions thrown by the called action non-fatal and pushing them onto
312 $c->error instead. If you want C<die> to propagate you need to do something
316 die join "\n", @{ $c->error } if @{ $c->error };
318 Or make sure to always return true values from your actions and write
321 $c->forward('foo') || return;
323 Another note is that C<< $c->forward >> always returns a scalar because it
324 actually returns $c->state which operates in a scalar context.
325 Thus, something like:
329 in an action that is forwarded to is going to return a scalar,
330 i.e. how many items are in that array, which is probably not what you want.
331 If you need to return an array then return a reference to it,
334 $c->stash->{array} = \@array;
336 and access it from the stash.
338 Keep in mind that the C<end> method used is that of the caller action. So a C<$c-E<gt>detach> inside a forwarded action would run the C<end> method from the original action requested.
342 sub forward { my $c = shift; no warnings 'recursion'; $c->dispatcher->forward( $c, @_ ) }
344 =head2 $c->detach( $action [, \@arguments ] )
346 =head2 $c->detach( $class, $method, [, \@arguments ] )
350 The same as L<< forward|/"$c->forward( $action [, \@arguments ] )" >>, but
351 doesn't return to the previous action when processing is finished.
353 When called with no arguments it escapes the processing chain entirely.
357 sub detach { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->detach( $c, @_ ) }
359 =head2 $c->visit( $action [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )
361 =head2 $c->visit( $class, $method, [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )
363 Almost the same as L<< forward|/"$c->forward( $action [, \@arguments ] )" >>,
364 but does a full dispatch, instead of just calling the new C<$action> /
365 C<< $class->$method >>. This means that C<begin>, C<auto> and the method
366 you go to are called, just like a new request.
368 In addition both C<< $c->action >> and C<< $c->namespace >> are localized.
369 This means, for example, that C<< $c->action >> methods such as
370 L<name|Catalyst::Action/name>, L<class|Catalyst::Action/class> and
371 L<reverse|Catalyst::Action/reverse> return information for the visited action
372 when they are invoked within the visited action. This is different from the
373 behavior of L<< forward|/"$c->forward( $action [, \@arguments ] )" >>, which
374 continues to use the $c->action object from the caller action even when
375 invoked from the called action.
377 C<< $c->stash >> is kept unchanged.
379 In effect, L<< visit|/"$c->visit( $action [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )" >>
380 allows you to "wrap" another action, just as it would have been called by
381 dispatching from a URL, while the analogous
382 L<< go|/"$c->go( $action [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )" >> allows you to
383 transfer control to another action as if it had been reached directly from a URL.
387 sub visit { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->visit( $c, @_ ) }
389 =head2 $c->go( $action [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )
391 =head2 $c->go( $class, $method, [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )
393 The relationship between C<go> and
394 L<< visit|/"$c->visit( $action [, \@captures, \@arguments ] )" >> is the same as
395 the relationship between
396 L<< forward|/"$c->forward( $class, $method, [, \@arguments ] )" >> and
397 L<< detach|/"$c->detach( $action [, \@arguments ] )" >>. Like C<< $c->visit >>,
398 C<< $c->go >> will perform a full dispatch on the specified action or method,
399 with localized C<< $c->action >> and C<< $c->namespace >>. Like C<detach>,
400 C<go> escapes the processing of the current request chain on completion, and
401 does not return to its caller.
403 @arguments are arguments to the final destination of $action. @captures are
404 arguments to the intermediate steps, if any, on the way to the final sub of
409 sub go { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->go( $c, @_ ) }
415 Returns the current L<Catalyst::Response> object, see there for details.
419 Returns a hashref to the stash, which may be used to store data and pass
420 it between components during a request. You can also set hash keys by
421 passing arguments. The stash is automatically sent to the view. The
422 stash is cleared at the end of a request; it cannot be used for
423 persistent storage (for this you must use a session; see
424 L<Catalyst::Plugin::Session> for a complete system integrated with
427 $c->stash->{foo} = $bar;
428 $c->stash( { moose => 'majestic', qux => 0 } );
429 $c->stash( bar => 1, gorch => 2 ); # equivalent to passing a hashref
431 # stash is automatically passed to the view for use in a template
432 $c->forward( 'MyApp::View::TT' );
436 around stash => sub {
439 my $stash = $orig->($c);
441 my $new_stash = @_ > 1 ? {@_} : $_[0];
442 croak('stash takes a hash or hashref') unless ref $new_stash;
443 foreach my $key ( keys %$new_stash ) {
444 $stash->{$key} = $new_stash->{$key};
454 =head2 $c->error($error, ...)
456 =head2 $c->error($arrayref)
458 Returns an arrayref containing error messages. If Catalyst encounters an
459 error while processing a request, it stores the error in $c->error. This
460 method should only be used to store fatal error messages.
462 my @error = @{ $c->error };
466 $c->error('Something bad happened');
473 my $error = ref $_[0] eq 'ARRAY' ? $_[0] : [@_];
474 croak @$error unless ref $c;
475 push @{ $c->{error} }, @$error;
477 elsif ( defined $_[0] ) { $c->{error} = undef }
478 return $c->{error} || [];
484 Contains the return value of the last executed action.
485 Note that << $c->state >> operates in a scalar context which means that all
486 values it returns are scalar.
488 =head2 $c->clear_errors
490 Clear errors. You probably don't want to clear the errors unless you are
491 implementing a custom error screen.
493 This is equivalent to running
504 sub _comp_search_prefixes {
506 return map $c->components->{ $_ }, $c->_comp_names_search_prefixes(@_);
509 # search components given a name and some prefixes
510 sub _comp_names_search_prefixes {
511 my ( $c, $name, @prefixes ) = @_;
512 my $appclass = ref $c || $c;
513 my $filter = "^${appclass}::(" . join( '|', @prefixes ) . ')::';
514 $filter = qr/$filter/; # Compile regex now rather than once per loop
516 # map the original component name to the sub part that we will search against
517 my %eligible = map { my $n = $_; $n =~ s{^$appclass\::[^:]+::}{}; $_ => $n; }
518 grep { /$filter/ } keys %{ $c->components };
520 # undef for a name will return all
521 return keys %eligible if !defined $name;
523 my $query = ref $name ? $name : qr/^$name$/i;
524 my @result = grep { $eligible{$_} =~ m{$query} } keys %eligible;
526 return @result if @result;
528 # if we were given a regexp to search against, we're done.
531 # skip regexp fallback if configured
533 if $appclass->config->{disable_component_resolution_regex_fallback};
537 @result = grep { $eligible{ $_ } =~ m{$query} } keys %eligible;
539 # no results? try against full names
541 @result = grep { m{$query} } keys %eligible;
544 # don't warn if we didn't find any results, it just might not exist
546 # Disgusting hack to work out correct method name
547 my $warn_for = lc $prefixes[0];
548 my $msg = "Used regexp fallback for \$c->${warn_for}('${name}'), which found '" .
549 (join '", "', @result) . "'. Relying on regexp fallback behavior for " .
550 "component resolution is unreliable and unsafe.";
551 my $short = $result[0];
552 # remove the component namespace prefix
553 $short =~ s/.*?(Model|Controller|View):://;
554 my $shortmess = Carp::shortmess('');
555 if ($shortmess =~ m#Catalyst/Plugin#) {
556 $msg .= " You probably need to set '$short' instead of '${name}' in this " .
558 } elsif ($shortmess =~ m#Catalyst/lib/(View|Controller)#) {
559 $msg .= " You probably need to set '$short' instead of '${name}' in this " .
560 "component's config";
562 $msg .= " You probably meant \$c->${warn_for}('$short') instead of \$c->${warn_for}('${name}'), " .
563 "but if you really wanted to search, pass in a regexp as the argument " .
564 "like so: \$c->${warn_for}(qr/${name}/)";
566 $c->log->warn( "${msg}$shortmess" );
572 # Find possible names for a prefix
574 my ( $c, @prefixes ) = @_;
575 my $appclass = ref $c || $c;
577 my $filter = "^${appclass}::(" . join( '|', @prefixes ) . ')::';
579 my @names = map { s{$filter}{}; $_; }
580 $c->_comp_names_search_prefixes( undef, @prefixes );
585 # Filter a component before returning by calling ACCEPT_CONTEXT if available
586 sub _filter_component {
587 my ( $c, $comp, @args ) = @_;
589 if ( eval { $comp->can('ACCEPT_CONTEXT'); } ) {
590 return $comp->ACCEPT_CONTEXT( $c, @args );
596 =head2 COMPONENT ACCESSORS
598 =head2 $c->controller($name)
600 Gets a L<Catalyst::Controller> instance by name.
602 $c->controller('Foo')->do_stuff;
604 If the name is omitted, will return the controller for the dispatched
607 If you want to search for controllers, pass in a regexp as the argument.
609 # find all controllers that start with Foo
610 my @foo_controllers = $c->controller(qr{^Foo});
616 my ( $c, $name, @args ) = @_;
618 my $appclass = ref($c) || $c;
620 unless ( ref($name) ) { # Direct component hash lookup to avoid costly regexps
621 my $comps = $c->components;
622 my $check = $appclass."::Controller::".$name;
623 return $c->_filter_component( $comps->{$check}, @args ) if exists $comps->{$check};
625 my @result = $c->_comp_search_prefixes( $name, qw/Controller C/ );
626 return map { $c->_filter_component( $_, @args ) } @result if ref $name;
627 return $c->_filter_component( $result[ 0 ], @args );
630 return $c->component( $c->action->class );
633 =head2 $c->model($name)
635 Gets a L<Catalyst::Model> instance by name.
637 $c->model('Foo')->do_stuff;
639 Any extra arguments are directly passed to ACCEPT_CONTEXT.
641 If the name is omitted, it will look for
642 - a model object in $c->stash->{current_model_instance}, then
643 - a model name in $c->stash->{current_model}, then
644 - a config setting 'default_model', or
645 - check if there is only one model, and return it if that's the case.
647 If you want to search for models, pass in a regexp as the argument.
649 # find all models that start with Foo
650 my @foo_models = $c->model(qr{^Foo});
655 my ( $c, $name, @args ) = @_;
656 my $appclass = ref($c) || $c;
658 unless ( ref($name) ) { # Direct component hash lookup to avoid costly regexps
659 my $comps = $c->components;
660 my $check = $appclass."::Model::".$name;
661 return $c->_filter_component( $comps->{$check}, @args ) if exists $comps->{$check};
663 my @result = $c->_comp_search_prefixes( $name, qw/Model M/ );
664 return map { $c->_filter_component( $_, @args ) } @result if ref $name;
665 return $c->_filter_component( $result[ 0 ], @args );
669 return $c->stash->{current_model_instance}
670 if $c->stash->{current_model_instance};
671 return $c->model( $c->stash->{current_model} )
672 if $c->stash->{current_model};
674 return $c->model( $appclass->config->{default_model} )
675 if $appclass->config->{default_model};
677 my( $comp, $rest ) = $c->_comp_search_prefixes( undef, qw/Model M/);
680 $c->log->warn( Carp::shortmess('Calling $c->model() will return a random model unless you specify one of:') );
681 $c->log->warn( '* $c->config(default_model => "the name of the default model to use")' );
682 $c->log->warn( '* $c->stash->{current_model} # the name of the model to use for this request' );
683 $c->log->warn( '* $c->stash->{current_model_instance} # the instance of the model to use for this request' );
684 $c->log->warn( 'NB: in version 5.81, the "random" behavior will not work at all.' );
687 return $c->_filter_component( $comp );
691 =head2 $c->view($name)
693 Gets a L<Catalyst::View> instance by name.
695 $c->view('Foo')->do_stuff;
697 Any extra arguments are directly passed to ACCEPT_CONTEXT.
699 If the name is omitted, it will look for
700 - a view object in $c->stash->{current_view_instance}, then
701 - a view name in $c->stash->{current_view}, then
702 - a config setting 'default_view', or
703 - check if there is only one view, and return it if that's the case.
705 If you want to search for views, pass in a regexp as the argument.
707 # find all views that start with Foo
708 my @foo_views = $c->view(qr{^Foo});
713 my ( $c, $name, @args ) = @_;
715 my $appclass = ref($c) || $c;
717 unless ( ref($name) ) { # Direct component hash lookup to avoid costly regexps
718 my $comps = $c->components;
719 my $check = $appclass."::View::".$name;
720 if( exists $comps->{$check} ) {
721 return $c->_filter_component( $comps->{$check}, @args );
724 $c->log->warn( "Attempted to use view '$check', but does not exist" );
727 my @result = $c->_comp_search_prefixes( $name, qw/View V/ );
728 return map { $c->_filter_component( $_, @args ) } @result if ref $name;
729 return $c->_filter_component( $result[ 0 ], @args );
733 return $c->stash->{current_view_instance}
734 if $c->stash->{current_view_instance};
735 return $c->view( $c->stash->{current_view} )
736 if $c->stash->{current_view};
738 return $c->view( $appclass->config->{default_view} )
739 if $appclass->config->{default_view};
741 my( $comp, $rest ) = $c->_comp_search_prefixes( undef, qw/View V/);
744 $c->log->warn( 'Calling $c->view() will return a random view unless you specify one of:' );
745 $c->log->warn( '* $c->config(default_view => "the name of the default view to use")' );
746 $c->log->warn( '* $c->stash->{current_view} # the name of the view to use for this request' );
747 $c->log->warn( '* $c->stash->{current_view_instance} # the instance of the view to use for this request' );
748 $c->log->warn( 'NB: in version 5.81, the "random" behavior will not work at all.' );
751 return $c->_filter_component( $comp );
754 =head2 $c->controllers
756 Returns the available names which can be passed to $c->controller
762 return $c->_comp_names(qw/Controller C/);
767 Returns the available names which can be passed to $c->model
773 return $c->_comp_names(qw/Model M/);
779 Returns the available names which can be passed to $c->view
785 return $c->_comp_names(qw/View V/);
788 =head2 $c->comp($name)
790 =head2 $c->component($name)
792 Gets a component object by name. This method is not recommended,
793 unless you want to get a specific component by full
794 class. C<< $c->controller >>, C<< $c->model >>, and C<< $c->view >>
795 should be used instead.
797 If C<$name> is a regexp, a list of components matched against the full
798 component name will be returned.
800 If Catalyst can't find a component by name, it will fallback to regex
801 matching by default. To disable this behaviour set
802 disable_component_resolution_regex_fallback to a true value.
804 __PACKAGE__->config( disable_component_resolution_regex_fallback => 1 );
809 my ( $c, $name, @args ) = @_;
812 my $comps = $c->components;
815 # is it the exact name?
816 return $c->_filter_component( $comps->{ $name }, @args )
817 if exists $comps->{ $name };
819 # perhaps we just omitted "MyApp"?
820 my $composed = ( ref $c || $c ) . "::${name}";
821 return $c->_filter_component( $comps->{ $composed }, @args )
822 if exists $comps->{ $composed };
824 # search all of the models, views and controllers
825 my( $comp ) = $c->_comp_search_prefixes( $name, qw/Model M Controller C View V/ );
826 return $c->_filter_component( $comp, @args ) if $comp;
830 if $c->config->{disable_component_resolution_regex_fallback};
832 # This is here so $c->comp( '::M::' ) works
833 my $query = ref $name ? $name : qr{$name}i;
835 my @result = grep { m{$query} } keys %{ $c->components };
836 return map { $c->_filter_component( $_, @args ) } @result if ref $name;
839 $c->log->warn( Carp::shortmess(qq(Found results for "${name}" using regexp fallback)) );
840 $c->log->warn( 'Relying on the regexp fallback behavior for component resolution' );
841 $c->log->warn( 'is unreliable and unsafe. You have been warned' );
842 return $c->_filter_component( $result[ 0 ], @args );
845 # I would expect to return an empty list here, but that breaks back-compat
849 return sort keys %{ $c->components };
852 =head2 CLASS DATA AND HELPER CLASSES
856 Returns or takes a hashref containing the application's configuration.
858 __PACKAGE__->config( { db => 'dsn:SQLite:foo.db' } );
860 You can also use a C<YAML>, C<XML> or L<Config::General> config file
861 like C<myapp.conf> in your applications home directory. See
862 L<Catalyst::Plugin::ConfigLoader>.
864 =head3 Cascading configuration
866 The config method is present on all Catalyst components, and configuration
867 will be merged when an application is started. Configuration loaded with
868 L<Catalyst::Plugin::ConfigLoader> takes precedence over other configuration,
869 followed by configuration in your top level C<MyApp> class. These two
870 configurations are merged, and then configuration data whose hash key matches a
871 component name is merged with configuration for that component.
873 The configuration for a component is then passed to the C<new> method when a
874 component is constructed.
878 MyApp->config({ 'Model::Foo' => { bar => 'baz', overrides => 'me' } });
879 MyApp::Model::Foo->config({ quux => 'frob', overrides => 'this' });
881 will mean that C<MyApp::Model::Foo> receives the following data when
884 MyApp::Model::Foo->new({
890 It's common practice to use a Moose attribute
891 on the receiving component to access the config value.
893 package MyApp::Model::Foo;
897 # this attr will receive 'baz' at construction time
903 You can then get the value 'baz' by calling $c->model('Foo')->bar
904 (or $self->bar inside code in the model).
906 B<NOTE:> you MUST NOT call C<< $self->config >> or C<< __PACKAGE__->config >>
907 as a way of reading config within your code, as this B<will not> give you the
908 correctly merged config back. You B<MUST> take the config values supplied to
909 the constructor and use those instead.
913 around config => sub {
917 croak('Setting config after setup has been run is not allowed.')
918 if ( @_ and $c->setup_finished );
925 Returns the logging object instance. Unless it is already set, Catalyst
926 sets this up with a L<Catalyst::Log> object. To use your own log class,
927 set the logger with the C<< __PACKAGE__->log >> method prior to calling
928 C<< __PACKAGE__->setup >>.
930 __PACKAGE__->log( MyLogger->new );
935 $c->log->info( 'Now logging with my own logger!' );
937 Your log class should implement the methods described in
943 Returns 1 if debug mode is enabled, 0 otherwise.
945 You can enable debug mode in several ways:
949 =item By calling myapp_server.pl with the -d flag
951 =item With the environment variables MYAPP_DEBUG, or CATALYST_DEBUG
953 =item The -Debug option in your MyApp.pm
955 =item By declaring C<sub debug { 1 }> in your MyApp.pm.
959 The first three also set the log level to 'debug'.
961 Calling C<< $c->debug(1) >> has no effect.
967 =head2 $c->dispatcher
969 Returns the dispatcher instance. See L<Catalyst::Dispatcher>.
973 Returns the engine instance. See L<Catalyst::Engine>.
976 =head2 UTILITY METHODS
978 =head2 $c->path_to(@path)
980 Merges C<@path> with C<< $c->config->{home} >> and returns a
981 L<Path::Class::Dir> object. Note you can usually use this object as
982 a filename, but sometimes you will have to explicitly stringify it
983 yourself by calling the C<< ->stringify >> method.
987 $c->path_to( 'db', 'sqlite.db' );
992 my ( $c, @path ) = @_;
993 my $path = Path::Class::Dir->new( $c->config->{home}, @path );
994 if ( -d $path ) { return $path }
995 else { return Path::Class::File->new( $c->config->{home}, @path ) }
999 my ( $class, $name, $plugin, @args ) = @_;
1001 # See block comment in t/unit_core_plugin.t
1002 $class->log->warn(qq/Adding plugin using the ->plugin method is deprecated, and will be removed in a future release/);
1004 $class->_register_plugin( $plugin, 1 );
1006 eval { $plugin->import };
1007 $class->mk_classdata($name);
1009 eval { $obj = $plugin->new(@args) };
1012 Catalyst::Exception->throw( message =>
1013 qq/Couldn't instantiate instant plugin "$plugin", "$@"/ );
1016 $class->$name($obj);
1017 $class->log->debug(qq/Initialized instant plugin "$plugin" as "$name"/)
1023 Initializes the dispatcher and engine, loads any plugins, and loads the
1024 model, view, and controller components. You may also specify an array
1025 of plugins to load here, if you choose to not load them in the C<use
1029 MyApp->setup( qw/-Debug/ );
1031 B<Note:> You B<should not> wrap this method with method modifiers
1032 or bad things will happen - wrap the C<setup_finalize> method instead.
1037 my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_;
1038 croak('Running setup more than once')
1039 if ( $class->setup_finished );
1041 unless ( $class->isa('Catalyst') ) {
1043 Catalyst::Exception->throw(
1044 message => qq/'$class' does not inherit from Catalyst/ );
1047 if ( $class->arguments ) {
1048 @arguments = ( @arguments, @{ $class->arguments } );
1054 foreach (@arguments) {
1058 ( $flags->{log} ) ? 'debug,' . $flags->{log} : 'debug';
1060 elsif (/^-(\w+)=?(.*)$/) {
1061 $flags->{ lc $1 } = $2;
1064 push @{ $flags->{plugins} }, $_;
1068 $class->setup_home( delete $flags->{home} );
1070 $class->setup_log( delete $flags->{log} );
1071 $class->setup_plugins( delete $flags->{plugins} );
1072 $class->setup_dispatcher( delete $flags->{dispatcher} );
1073 if (my $engine = delete $flags->{engine}) {
1074 $class->log->warn("Specifying the engine in ->setup is no longer supported, see Catalyst::Upgrading");
1076 $class->setup_engine();
1077 $class->setup_stats( delete $flags->{stats} );
1079 for my $flag ( sort keys %{$flags} ) {
1081 if ( my $code = $class->can( 'setup_' . $flag ) ) {
1082 &$code( $class, delete $flags->{$flag} );
1085 $class->log->warn(qq/Unknown flag "$flag"/);
1089 eval { require Catalyst::Devel; };
1090 if( !$@ && $ENV{CATALYST_SCRIPT_GEN} && ( $ENV{CATALYST_SCRIPT_GEN} < $Catalyst::Devel::CATALYST_SCRIPT_GEN ) ) {
1091 $class->log->warn(<<"EOF");
1092 You are running an old script!
1094 Please update by running (this will overwrite existing files):
1095 catalyst.pl -force -scripts $class
1097 or (this will not overwrite existing files):
1098 catalyst.pl -scripts $class
1103 if ( $class->debug ) {
1104 my @plugins = map { "$_ " . ( $_->VERSION || '' ) } $class->registered_plugins;
1107 my $column_width = Catalyst::Utils::term_width() - 6;
1108 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new($column_width);
1109 $t->row($_) for @plugins;
1110 $class->log->debug( "Loaded plugins:\n" . $t->draw . "\n" );
1113 my $dispatcher = $class->dispatcher;
1114 my $engine = $class->engine;
1115 my $home = $class->config->{home};
1117 $class->log->debug(sprintf(q/Loaded dispatcher "%s"/, blessed($dispatcher)));
1118 $class->log->debug(sprintf(q/Loaded engine "%s"/, blessed($engine)));
1122 ? $class->log->debug(qq/Found home "$home"/)
1123 : $class->log->debug(qq/Home "$home" doesn't exist/)
1124 : $class->log->debug(q/Couldn't find home/);
1127 # Call plugins setup, this is stupid and evil.
1128 # Also screws C3 badly on 5.10, hack to avoid.
1130 no warnings qw/redefine/;
1131 local *setup = sub { };
1132 $class->setup unless $Catalyst::__AM_RESTARTING;
1135 # Initialize our data structure
1136 $class->components( {} );
1138 $class->setup_components;
1140 if ( $class->debug ) {
1141 my $column_width = Catalyst::Utils::term_width() - 8 - 9;
1142 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new( [ $column_width, 'Class' ], [ 8, 'Type' ] );
1143 for my $comp ( sort keys %{ $class->components } ) {
1144 my $type = ref $class->components->{$comp} ? 'instance' : 'class';
1145 $t->row( $comp, $type );
1147 $class->log->debug( "Loaded components:\n" . $t->draw . "\n" )
1148 if ( keys %{ $class->components } );
1151 # Add our self to components, since we are also a component
1152 if( $class->isa('Catalyst::Controller') ){
1153 $class->components->{$class} = $class;
1156 $class->setup_actions;
1158 if ( $class->debug ) {
1159 my $name = $class->config->{name} || 'Application';
1160 $class->log->info("$name powered by Catalyst $Catalyst::VERSION");
1163 # Make sure that the application class becomes immutable at this point,
1164 B::Hooks::EndOfScope::on_scope_end {
1166 my $meta = Class::MOP::get_metaclass_by_name($class);
1169 && ! { $meta->immutable_options }->{replace_constructor}
1171 $class->isa('Class::Accessor::Fast')
1172 || $class->isa('Class::Accessor')
1175 warn "You made your application class ($class) immutable, "
1176 . "but did not inline the\nconstructor. "
1177 . "This will break catalyst, as your app \@ISA "
1178 . "Class::Accessor(::Fast)?\nPlease pass "
1179 . "(replace_constructor => 1)\nwhen making your class immutable.\n";
1181 $meta->make_immutable(
1182 replace_constructor => 1,
1183 ) unless $meta->is_immutable;
1186 if ($class->config->{case_sensitive}) {
1187 $class->log->warn($class . "->config->{case_sensitive} is set.");
1188 $class->log->warn("This setting is deprecated and planned to be removed in Catalyst 5.81.");
1191 $class->setup_finalize;
1192 # Should be the last thing we do so that user things hooking
1193 # setup_finalize can log..
1194 $class->log->_flush() if $class->log->can('_flush');
1195 return 1; # Explicit return true as people have __PACKAGE__->setup as the last thing in their class. HATE.
1198 =head2 $app->setup_finalize
1200 A hook to attach modifiers to. This method does not do anything except set the
1201 C<setup_finished> accessor.
1203 Applying method modifiers to the C<setup> method doesn't work, because of quirky things done for plugin setup.
1207 after setup_finalize => sub {
1215 sub setup_finalize {
1217 $class->setup_finished(1);
1220 =head2 $c->uri_for( $path?, @args?, \%query_values? )
1222 =head2 $c->uri_for( $action, \@captures?, @args?, \%query_values? )
1224 Constructs an absolute L<URI> object based on the application root, the
1225 provided path, and the additional arguments and query parameters provided.
1226 When used as a string, provides a textual URI. If you need more flexibility
1227 than this (i.e. the option to provide relative URIs etc.) see
1228 L<Catalyst::Plugin::SmartURI>.
1230 If no arguments are provided, the URI for the current action is returned.
1231 To return the current action and also provide @args, use
1232 C<< $c->uri_for( $c->action, @args ) >>.
1234 If the first argument is a string, it is taken as a public URI path relative
1235 to C<< $c->namespace >> (if it doesn't begin with a forward slash) or
1236 relative to the application root (if it does). It is then merged with
1237 C<< $c->request->base >>; any C<@args> are appended as additional path
1238 components; and any C<%query_values> are appended as C<?foo=bar> parameters.
1240 If the first argument is a L<Catalyst::Action> it represents an action which
1241 will have its path resolved using C<< $c->dispatcher->uri_for_action >>. The
1242 optional C<\@captures> argument (an arrayref) allows passing the captured
1243 variables that are needed to fill in the paths of Chained and Regex actions;
1244 once the path is resolved, C<uri_for> continues as though a path was
1245 provided, appending any arguments or parameters and creating an absolute
1248 The captures for the current request can be found in
1249 C<< $c->request->captures >>, and actions can be resolved using
1250 C<< Catalyst::Controller->action_for($name) >>. If you have a private action
1251 path, use C<< $c->uri_for_action >> instead.
1253 # Equivalent to $c->req->uri
1254 $c->uri_for($c->action, $c->req->captures,
1255 @{ $c->req->args }, $c->req->params);
1257 # For the Foo action in the Bar controller
1258 $c->uri_for($c->controller('Bar')->action_for('Foo'));
1260 # Path to a static resource
1261 $c->uri_for('/static/images/logo.png');
1266 my ( $c, $path, @args ) = @_;
1268 if (blessed($path) && $path->isa('Catalyst::Controller')) {
1269 $path = $path->path_prefix;
1274 undef($path) if (defined $path && $path eq '');
1277 ( scalar @args && ref $args[$#args] eq 'HASH' ? pop @args : {} );
1279 carp "uri_for called with undef argument" if grep { ! defined $_ } @args;
1280 foreach my $arg (@args) {
1281 utf8::encode($arg) if utf8::is_utf8($arg);
1282 $arg =~ s/([^$URI::uric])/$URI::Escape::escapes{$1}/go;
1285 if ( blessed($path) ) { # action object
1286 s|/|%2F|g for @args;
1287 my $captures = [ map { s|/|%2F|g; $_; }
1288 ( scalar @args && ref $args[0] eq 'ARRAY'
1292 foreach my $capture (@$captures) {
1293 utf8::encode($capture) if utf8::is_utf8($capture);
1294 $capture =~ s/([^$URI::uric])/$URI::Escape::escapes{$1}/go;
1298 # ->uri_for( $action, \@captures_and_args, \%query_values? )
1299 if( !@args && $action->number_of_args ) {
1300 my $expanded_action = $c->dispatcher->expand_action( $action );
1302 my $num_captures = $expanded_action->number_of_captures;
1303 unshift @args, splice @$captures, $num_captures;
1306 $path = $c->dispatcher->uri_for_action($action, $captures);
1307 if (not defined $path) {
1308 $c->log->debug(qq/Can't find uri_for action '$action' @$captures/)
1312 $path = '/' if $path eq '';
1315 unshift(@args, $path);
1317 unless (defined $path && $path =~ s!^/!!) { # in-place strip
1318 my $namespace = $c->namespace;
1319 if (defined $path) { # cheesy hack to handle path '../foo'
1320 $namespace =~ s{(?:^|/)[^/]+$}{} while $args[0] =~ s{^\.\./}{};
1322 unshift(@args, $namespace || '');
1325 # join args with '/', or a blank string
1326 my $args = join('/', grep { defined($_) } @args);
1327 $args =~ s/\?/%3F/g; # STUPID STUPID SPECIAL CASE
1329 my $base = $c->req->base;
1330 my $class = ref($base);
1331 $base =~ s{(?<!/)$}{/};
1335 if (my @keys = keys %$params) {
1336 # somewhat lifted from URI::_query's query_form
1337 $query = '?'.join('&', map {
1338 my $val = $params->{$_};
1339 s/([;\/?:@&=+,\$\[\]%])/$URI::Escape::escapes{$1}/go;
1342 $val = '' unless defined $val;
1345 utf8::encode( $param ) if utf8::is_utf8($param);
1346 # using the URI::Escape pattern here so utf8 chars survive
1347 $param =~ s/([^A-Za-z0-9\-_.!~*'() ])/$URI::Escape::escapes{$1}/go;
1349 "${key}=$param"; } ( ref $val eq 'ARRAY' ? @$val : $val ));
1353 my $res = bless(\"${base}${args}${query}", $class);
1357 =head2 $c->uri_for_action( $path, \@captures_and_args?, @args?, \%query_values? )
1359 =head2 $c->uri_for_action( $action, \@captures_and_args?, @args?, \%query_values? )
1365 A private path to the Catalyst action you want to create a URI for.
1367 This is a shortcut for calling C<< $c->dispatcher->get_action_by_path($path)
1368 >> and passing the resulting C<$action> and the remaining arguments to C<<
1371 You can also pass in a Catalyst::Action object, in which case it is passed to
1374 Note that although the path looks like a URI that dispatches to the wanted action, it is not a URI, but an internal path to that action.
1376 For example, if the action looks like:
1378 package MyApp::Controller::Users;
1380 sub lst : Path('the-list') {}
1384 $c->uri_for_action('/users/lst')
1386 and it will create the URI /users/the-list.
1388 =item \@captures_and_args?
1390 Optional array reference of Captures (i.e. C<<CaptureArgs or $c->req->captures>)
1391 and arguments to the request. Usually used with L<Catalyst::DispatchType::Chained>
1392 to interpolate all the parameters in the URI.
1396 Optional list of extra arguments - can be supplied in the C<< \@captures_and_args? >>
1397 array ref, or here - whichever is easier for your code..
1399 If your action may have a zero, a fixed or a variable number of args (e.g. C<< Args(1) >>
1400 for a fixed number or C<< Args() >> for a variable number)..
1402 =item \%query_values?
1404 Optional array reference of query parameters to append. E.g.
1410 /rest/of/your/uri?foo=bar
1416 sub uri_for_action {
1417 my ( $c, $path, @args ) = @_;
1418 my $action = blessed($path)
1420 : $c->dispatcher->get_action_by_path($path);
1421 unless (defined $action) {
1422 croak "Can't find action for path '$path'";
1424 return $c->uri_for( $action, @args );
1427 =head2 $c->welcome_message
1429 Returns the Catalyst welcome HTML page.
1433 sub welcome_message {
1435 my $name = $c->config->{name};
1436 my $logo = $c->uri_for('/static/images/catalyst_logo.png');
1437 my $prefix = Catalyst::Utils::appprefix( ref $c );
1438 $c->response->content_type('text/html; charset=utf-8');
1440 <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
1441 "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
1442 <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en">
1444 <meta http-equiv="Content-Language" content="en" />
1445 <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
1446 <title>$name on Catalyst $VERSION</title>
1447 <style type="text/css">
1450 background-color: #eee;
1457 margin-bottom: 10px;
1459 background-color: #ccc;
1460 border: 1px solid #aaa;
1465 font-family: verdana, tahoma, sans-serif;
1468 font-family: verdana, tahoma, sans-serif;
1471 text-decoration: none;
1473 border-bottom: 1px dotted #bbb;
1475 :link:hover, :visited:hover {
1488 background-color: #fff;
1489 border: 1px solid #aaa;
1493 font-weight: normal;
1515 <h1><span id="appname">$name</span> on <a href="http://catalyst.perl.org">Catalyst</a>
1520 <img src="$logo" alt="Catalyst Logo" />
1522 <p>Welcome to the world of Catalyst.
1523 This <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MVC">MVC</a>
1524 framework will make web development something you had
1525 never expected it to be: Fun, rewarding, and quick.</p>
1526 <h2>What to do now?</h2>
1527 <p>That really depends on what <b>you</b> want to do.
1528 We do, however, provide you with a few starting points.</p>
1529 <p>If you want to jump right into web development with Catalyst
1530 you might want to start with a tutorial.</p>
1531 <pre>perldoc <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/dist/Catalyst-Manual/lib/Catalyst/Manual/Tutorial.pod">Catalyst::Manual::Tutorial</a></code>
1533 <p>Afterwards you can go on to check out a more complete look at our features.</p>
1535 <code>perldoc <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/dist/Catalyst-Manual/lib/Catalyst/Manual/Intro.pod">Catalyst::Manual::Intro</a>
1536 <!-- Something else should go here, but the Catalyst::Manual link seems unhelpful -->
1538 <h2>What to do next?</h2>
1539 <p>Next it's time to write an actual application. Use the
1540 helper scripts to generate <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/search?query=Catalyst%3A%3AController%3A%3A&mode=all">controllers</a>,
1541 <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/search?query=Catalyst%3A%3AModel%3A%3A&mode=all">models</a>, and
1542 <a href="http://cpansearch.perl.org/search?query=Catalyst%3A%3AView%3A%3A&mode=all">views</a>;
1543 they can save you a lot of work.</p>
1544 <pre><code>script/${prefix}_create.pl --help</code></pre>
1545 <p>Also, be sure to check out the vast and growing
1546 collection of <a href="http://search.cpan.org/search?query=Catalyst">plugins for Catalyst on CPAN</a>;
1547 you are likely to find what you need there.
1551 <p>Catalyst has a very active community. Here are the main places to
1552 get in touch with us.</p>
1555 <a href="http://dev.catalyst.perl.org">Wiki</a>
1558 <a href="http://lists.scsys.co.uk/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/catalyst">Mailing-List</a>
1561 <a href="irc://irc.perl.org/catalyst">IRC channel #catalyst on irc.perl.org</a>
1564 <h2>In conclusion</h2>
1565 <p>The Catalyst team hopes you will enjoy using Catalyst as much
1566 as we enjoyed making it. Please contact us if you have ideas
1567 for improvement or other feedback.</p>
1575 =head1 INTERNAL METHODS
1577 These methods are not meant to be used by end users.
1579 =head2 $c->components
1581 Returns a hash of components.
1583 =head2 $c->context_class
1585 Returns or sets the context class.
1589 Returns a hashref containing coderefs and execution counts (needed for
1590 deep recursion detection).
1594 Returns the number of actions on the current internal execution stack.
1598 Dispatches a request to actions.
1602 sub dispatch { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->dispatch( $c, @_ ) }
1604 =head2 $c->dispatcher_class
1606 Returns or sets the dispatcher class.
1608 =head2 $c->dump_these
1610 Returns a list of 2-element array references (name, structure) pairs
1611 that will be dumped on the error page in debug mode.
1617 [ Request => $c->req ],
1618 [ Response => $c->res ],
1619 [ Stash => $c->stash ],
1620 [ Config => $c->config ];
1623 =head2 $c->engine_class
1625 Returns or sets the engine class.
1627 =head2 $c->execute( $class, $coderef )
1629 Execute a coderef in given class and catch exceptions. Errors are available
1635 my ( $c, $class, $code ) = @_;
1636 $class = $c->component($class) || $class;
1639 if ( $c->depth >= $RECURSION ) {
1640 my $action = $code->reverse();
1641 $action = "/$action" unless $action =~ /->/;
1642 my $error = qq/Deep recursion detected calling "${action}"/;
1643 $c->log->error($error);
1649 my $stats_info = $c->_stats_start_execute( $code ) if $c->use_stats;
1651 push( @{ $c->stack }, $code );
1653 no warnings 'recursion';
1654 # N.B. This used to be combined, but I have seen $c get clobbered if so, and
1655 # I have no idea how, ergo $ret (which appears to fix the issue)
1656 eval { my $ret = $code->execute( $class, $c, @{ $c->req->args } ) || 0; $c->state( $ret ) };
1658 $c->_stats_finish_execute( $stats_info ) if $c->use_stats and $stats_info;
1660 my $last = pop( @{ $c->stack } );
1662 if ( my $error = $@ ) {
1663 if ( blessed($error) and $error->isa('Catalyst::Exception::Detach') ) {
1664 $error->rethrow if $c->depth > 1;
1666 elsif ( blessed($error) and $error->isa('Catalyst::Exception::Go') ) {
1667 $error->rethrow if $c->depth > 0;
1670 unless ( ref $error ) {
1671 no warnings 'uninitialized';
1673 my $class = $last->class;
1674 my $name = $last->name;
1675 $error = qq/Caught exception in $class->$name "$error"/;
1684 sub _stats_start_execute {
1685 my ( $c, $code ) = @_;
1686 my $appclass = ref($c) || $c;
1687 return if ( ( $code->name =~ /^_.*/ )
1688 && ( !$appclass->config->{show_internal_actions} ) );
1690 my $action_name = $code->reverse();
1691 $c->counter->{$action_name}++;
1693 my $action = $action_name;
1694 $action = "/$action" unless $action =~ /->/;
1696 # determine if the call was the result of a forward
1697 # this is done by walking up the call stack and looking for a calling
1698 # sub of Catalyst::forward before the eval
1700 for my $index ( 2 .. 11 ) {
1702 if ( ( caller($index) )[0] eq 'Catalyst'
1703 && ( caller($index) )[3] eq '(eval)' );
1705 if ( ( caller($index) )[3] =~ /forward$/ ) {
1706 $callsub = ( caller($index) )[3];
1707 $action = "-> $action";
1712 my $uid = $action_name . $c->counter->{$action_name};
1714 # is this a root-level call or a forwarded call?
1715 if ( $callsub =~ /forward$/ ) {
1716 my $parent = $c->stack->[-1];
1718 # forward, locate the caller
1719 if ( defined $parent && exists $c->counter->{"$parent"} ) {
1722 parent => "$parent" . $c->counter->{"$parent"},
1728 # forward with no caller may come from a plugin
1747 sub _stats_finish_execute {
1748 my ( $c, $info ) = @_;
1749 $c->stats->profile( end => $info );
1754 Finalizes the request.
1761 for my $error ( @{ $c->error } ) {
1762 $c->log->error($error);
1765 # Allow engine to handle finalize flow (for POE)
1766 my $engine = $c->engine;
1767 if ( my $code = $engine->can('finalize') ) {
1772 $c->finalize_uploads;
1775 if ( $#{ $c->error } >= 0 ) {
1779 $c->finalize_headers;
1782 if ( $c->request->method eq 'HEAD' ) {
1783 $c->response->body('');
1791 if ($c->use_stats) {
1792 my $elapsed = sprintf '%f', $c->stats->elapsed;
1793 my $av = $elapsed == 0 ? '??' : sprintf '%.3f', 1 / $elapsed;
1795 "Request took ${elapsed}s ($av/s)\n" . $c->stats->report . "\n" );
1798 return $c->response->status;
1801 =head2 $c->finalize_body
1807 sub finalize_body { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_body( $c, @_ ) }
1809 =head2 $c->finalize_cookies
1815 sub finalize_cookies { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_cookies( $c, @_ ) }
1817 =head2 $c->finalize_error
1823 sub finalize_error { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_error( $c, @_ ) }
1825 =head2 $c->finalize_headers
1831 sub finalize_headers {
1834 my $response = $c->response; #accessor calls can add up?
1836 # Check if we already finalized headers
1837 return if $response->finalized_headers;
1840 if ( my $location = $response->redirect ) {
1841 $c->log->debug(qq/Redirecting to "$location"/) if $c->debug;
1842 $response->header( Location => $location );
1844 if ( !$response->has_body ) {
1845 # Add a default body if none is already present
1846 $response->body(<<"EOF");
1847 <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
1848 <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
1850 <title>Moved</title>
1853 <p>This item has moved <a href="$location">here</a>.</p>
1857 $response->content_type('text/html; charset=utf-8');
1862 if ( defined $response->body && length $response->body && !$response->content_length ) {
1864 # get the length from a filehandle
1865 if ( blessed( $response->body ) && $response->body->can('read') || ref( $response->body ) eq 'GLOB' )
1867 my $size = -s $response->body;
1869 $response->content_length( $size );
1872 $c->log->warn('Serving filehandle without a content-length');
1876 # everything should be bytes at this point, but just in case
1877 $response->content_length( length( $response->body ) );
1882 if ( $response->status =~ /^(1\d\d|[23]04)$/ ) {
1883 $response->headers->remove_header("Content-Length");
1884 $response->body('');
1887 $c->finalize_cookies;
1889 $c->engine->finalize_headers( $c, @_ );
1892 $response->finalized_headers(1);
1895 =head2 $c->finalize_output
1897 An alias for finalize_body.
1899 =head2 $c->finalize_read
1901 Finalizes the input after reading is complete.
1905 sub finalize_read { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_read( $c, @_ ) }
1907 =head2 $c->finalize_uploads
1909 Finalizes uploads. Cleans up any temporary files.
1913 sub finalize_uploads { my $c = shift; $c->engine->finalize_uploads( $c, @_ ) }
1915 =head2 $c->get_action( $action, $namespace )
1917 Gets an action in a given namespace.
1921 sub get_action { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->get_action(@_) }
1923 =head2 $c->get_actions( $action, $namespace )
1925 Gets all actions of a given name in a namespace and all parent
1930 sub get_actions { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->get_actions( $c, @_ ) }
1932 =head2 $app->handle_request( @arguments )
1934 Called to handle each HTTP request.
1938 sub handle_request {
1939 my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_;
1941 # Always expect worst case!
1944 if ($class->debug) {
1945 my $secs = time - $START || 1;
1946 my $av = sprintf '%.3f', $COUNT / $secs;
1947 my $time = localtime time;
1948 $class->log->info("*** Request $COUNT ($av/s) [$$] [$time] ***");
1951 my $c = $class->prepare(@arguments);
1953 $status = $c->finalize;
1956 chomp(my $error = $_);
1957 $class->log->error(qq/Caught exception in engine "$error"/);
1962 if(my $coderef = $class->log->can('_flush')){
1963 $class->log->$coderef();
1968 =head2 $class->prepare( @arguments )
1970 Creates a Catalyst context from an engine-specific request (Apache, CGI,
1976 my ( $class, @arguments ) = @_;
1979 # After the app/ctxt split, this should become an attribute based on something passed
1980 # into the application.
1981 $class->context_class( ref $class || $class ) unless $class->context_class;
1983 my $c = $class->context_class->new({});
1985 # For on-demand data
1986 $c->request->_context($c);
1987 $c->response->_context($c);
1989 #surely this is not the most efficient way to do things...
1990 $c->stats($class->stats_class->new)->enable($c->use_stats);
1991 if ( $c->debug || $c->config->{enable_catalyst_header} ) {
1992 $c->res->headers->header( 'X-Catalyst' => $Catalyst::VERSION );
1996 # Allow engine to direct the prepare flow (for POE)
1997 if ( my $prepare = $c->engine->can('prepare') ) {
1998 $c->engine->$prepare( $c, @arguments );
2001 $c->prepare_request(@arguments);
2002 $c->prepare_connection;
2003 $c->prepare_query_parameters;
2004 $c->prepare_headers;
2005 $c->prepare_cookies;
2008 # Prepare the body for reading, either by prepare_body
2009 # or the user, if they are using $c->read
2012 # Parse the body unless the user wants it on-demand
2013 unless ( ref($c)->config->{parse_on_demand} ) {
2018 # VERY ugly and probably shouldn't rely on ->finalize actually working
2020 # failed prepare is always due to an invalid request, right?
2021 $c->response->status(400);
2022 $c->response->content_type('text/plain');
2023 $c->response->body('Bad Request');
2028 my $method = $c->req->method || '';
2029 my $path = $c->req->path;
2030 $path = '/' unless length $path;
2031 my $address = $c->req->address || '';
2040 =head2 $c->prepare_action
2042 Prepares action. See L<Catalyst::Dispatcher>.
2046 sub prepare_action { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->prepare_action( $c, @_ ) }
2048 =head2 $c->prepare_body
2050 Prepares message body.
2057 return if $c->request->_has_body;
2059 # Initialize on-demand data
2060 $c->engine->prepare_body( $c, @_ );
2061 $c->prepare_parameters;
2062 $c->prepare_uploads;
2065 =head2 $c->prepare_body_chunk( $chunk )
2067 Prepares a chunk of data before sending it to L<HTTP::Body>.
2069 See L<Catalyst::Engine>.
2073 sub prepare_body_chunk {
2075 $c->engine->prepare_body_chunk( $c, @_ );
2078 =head2 $c->prepare_body_parameters
2080 Prepares body parameters.
2084 sub prepare_body_parameters {
2086 $c->engine->prepare_body_parameters( $c, @_ );
2089 =head2 $c->prepare_connection
2091 Prepares connection.
2095 sub prepare_connection {
2097 $c->engine->prepare_connection( $c, @_ );
2100 =head2 $c->prepare_cookies
2106 sub prepare_cookies { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_cookies( $c, @_ ) }
2108 =head2 $c->prepare_headers
2114 sub prepare_headers { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_headers( $c, @_ ) }
2116 =head2 $c->prepare_parameters
2118 Prepares parameters.
2122 sub prepare_parameters {
2124 $c->prepare_body_parameters;
2125 $c->engine->prepare_parameters( $c, @_ );
2128 =head2 $c->prepare_path
2130 Prepares path and base.
2134 sub prepare_path { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_path( $c, @_ ) }
2136 =head2 $c->prepare_query_parameters
2138 Prepares query parameters.
2142 sub prepare_query_parameters {
2145 $c->engine->prepare_query_parameters( $c, @_ );
2148 =head2 $c->log_request
2150 Writes information about the request to the debug logs. This includes:
2154 =item * Request method, path, and remote IP address
2156 =item * Query keywords (see L<Catalyst::Request/query_keywords>)
2158 =item * Request parameters
2160 =item * File uploads
2169 return unless $c->debug;
2171 my($dump) = grep {$_->[0] eq 'Request' } $c->dump_these;
2172 my $request = $dump->[1];
2174 my ( $method, $path, $address ) = ( $request->method, $request->path, $request->address );
2176 $path = '/' unless length $path;
2178 $c->log->debug(qq/"$method" request for "$path" from "$address"/);
2180 $c->log_request_headers($request->headers);
2182 if ( my $keywords = $request->query_keywords ) {
2183 $c->log->debug("Query keywords are: $keywords");
2186 $c->log_request_parameters( query => $request->query_parameters, $request->_has_body ? (body => $request->body_parameters) : () );
2188 $c->log_request_uploads($request);
2191 =head2 $c->log_response
2193 Writes information about the response to the debug logs by calling
2194 C<< $c->log_response_status_line >> and C<< $c->log_response_headers >>.
2201 return unless $c->debug;
2203 my($dump) = grep {$_->[0] eq 'Response' } $c->dump_these;
2204 my $response = $dump->[1];
2206 $c->log_response_status_line($response);
2207 $c->log_response_headers($response->headers);
2210 =head2 $c->log_response_status_line($response)
2212 Writes one line of information about the response to the debug logs. This includes:
2216 =item * Response status code
2218 =item * Content-Type header (if present)
2220 =item * Content-Length header (if present)
2226 sub log_response_status_line {
2227 my ($c, $response) = @_;
2231 'Response Code: %s; Content-Type: %s; Content-Length: %s',
2232 $response->status || 'unknown',
2233 $response->headers->header('Content-Type') || 'unknown',
2234 $response->headers->header('Content-Length') || 'unknown'
2239 =head2 $c->log_response_headers($headers);
2241 Hook method which can be wrapped by plugins to log the response headers.
2242 No-op in the default implementation.
2246 sub log_response_headers {}
2248 =head2 $c->log_request_parameters( query => {}, body => {} )
2250 Logs request parameters to debug logs
2254 sub log_request_parameters {
2256 my %all_params = @_;
2258 return unless $c->debug;
2260 my $column_width = Catalyst::Utils::term_width() - 44;
2261 foreach my $type (qw(query body)) {
2262 my $params = $all_params{$type};
2263 next if ! keys %$params;
2264 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new( [ 35, 'Parameter' ], [ $column_width, 'Value' ] );
2265 for my $key ( sort keys %$params ) {
2266 my $param = $params->{$key};
2267 my $value = defined($param) ? $param : '';
2268 $t->row( $key, ref $value eq 'ARRAY' ? ( join ', ', @$value ) : $value );
2270 $c->log->debug( ucfirst($type) . " Parameters are:\n" . $t->draw );
2274 =head2 $c->log_request_uploads
2276 Logs file uploads included in the request to the debug logs.
2277 The parameter name, filename, file type, and file size are all included in
2282 sub log_request_uploads {
2284 my $request = shift;
2285 return unless $c->debug;
2286 my $uploads = $request->uploads;
2287 if ( keys %$uploads ) {
2288 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new(
2289 [ 12, 'Parameter' ],
2294 for my $key ( sort keys %$uploads ) {
2295 my $upload = $uploads->{$key};
2296 for my $u ( ref $upload eq 'ARRAY' ? @{$upload} : ($upload) ) {
2297 $t->row( $key, $u->filename, $u->type, $u->size );
2300 $c->log->debug( "File Uploads are:\n" . $t->draw );
2304 =head2 $c->log_request_headers($headers);
2306 Hook method which can be wrapped by plugins to log the request headers.
2307 No-op in the default implementation.
2311 sub log_request_headers {}
2313 =head2 $c->log_headers($type => $headers)
2315 Logs L<HTTP::Headers> (either request or response) to the debug logs.
2322 my $headers = shift; # an HTTP::Headers instance
2324 return unless $c->debug;
2326 my $column_width = Catalyst::Utils::term_width() - 28;
2327 my $t = Text::SimpleTable->new( [ 15, 'Header Name' ], [ $column_width, 'Value' ] );
2330 my ( $name, $value ) = @_;
2331 $t->row( $name, $value );
2334 $c->log->debug( ucfirst($type) . " Headers:\n" . $t->draw );
2338 =head2 $c->prepare_read
2340 Prepares the input for reading.
2344 sub prepare_read { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_read( $c, @_ ) }
2346 =head2 $c->prepare_request
2348 Prepares the engine request.
2352 sub prepare_request { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_request( $c, @_ ) }
2354 =head2 $c->prepare_uploads
2360 sub prepare_uploads {
2363 $c->engine->prepare_uploads( $c, @_ );
2366 =head2 $c->prepare_write
2368 Prepares the output for writing.
2372 sub prepare_write { my $c = shift; $c->engine->prepare_write( $c, @_ ) }
2374 =head2 $c->request_class
2376 Returns or sets the request class. Defaults to L<Catalyst::Request>.
2378 =head2 $c->response_class
2380 Returns or sets the response class. Defaults to L<Catalyst::Response>.
2382 =head2 $c->read( [$maxlength] )
2384 Reads a chunk of data from the request body. This method is designed to
2385 be used in a while loop, reading C<$maxlength> bytes on every call.
2386 C<$maxlength> defaults to the size of the request if not specified.
2388 You have to set C<< MyApp->config(parse_on_demand => 1) >> to use this
2391 Warning: If you use read(), Catalyst will not process the body,
2392 so you will not be able to access POST parameters or file uploads via
2393 $c->request. You must handle all body parsing yourself.
2397 sub read { my $c = shift; return $c->engine->read( $c, @_ ) }
2407 $app->engine_loader->needs_psgi_engine_compat_hack ?
2408 $app->engine->run($app, @_) :
2409 $app->engine->run( $app, $app->_finalized_psgi_app, @_ );
2412 =head2 $c->set_action( $action, $code, $namespace, $attrs )
2414 Sets an action in a given namespace.
2418 sub set_action { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->set_action( $c, @_ ) }
2420 =head2 $c->setup_actions($component)
2422 Sets up actions for a component.
2426 sub setup_actions { my $c = shift; $c->dispatcher->setup_actions( $c, @_ ) }
2428 =head2 $c->setup_components
2430 This method is called internally to set up the application's components.
2432 It finds modules by calling the L<locate_components> method, expands them to
2433 package names with the L<expand_component_module> method, and then installs
2434 each component into the application.
2436 The C<setup_components> config option is passed to both of the above methods.
2438 Installation of each component is performed by the L<setup_component> method,
2443 sub setup_components {
2446 my $config = $class->config->{ setup_components };
2448 my @comps = $class->locate_components($config);
2449 my %comps = map { $_ => 1 } @comps;
2451 my $deprecatedcatalyst_component_names = grep { /::[CMV]::/ } @comps;
2452 $class->log->warn(qq{Your application is using the deprecated ::[MVC]:: type naming scheme.\n}.
2453 qq{Please switch your class names to ::Model::, ::View:: and ::Controller: as appropriate.\n}
2454 ) if $deprecatedcatalyst_component_names;
2456 for my $component ( @comps ) {
2458 # We pass ignore_loaded here so that overlay files for (e.g.)
2459 # Model::DBI::Schema sub-classes are loaded - if it's in @comps
2460 # we know M::P::O found a file on disk so this is safe
2462 Catalyst::Utils::ensure_class_loaded( $component, { ignore_loaded => 1 } );
2465 for my $component (@comps) {
2466 my $instance = $class->components->{ $component } = $class->setup_component($component);
2467 my @expanded_components = $instance->can('expand_modules')
2468 ? $instance->expand_modules( $component, $config )
2469 : $class->expand_component_module( $component, $config );
2470 for my $component (@expanded_components) {
2471 next if $comps{$component};
2472 $class->components->{ $component } = $class->setup_component($component);
2477 =head2 $c->locate_components( $setup_component_config )
2479 This method is meant to provide a list of component modules that should be
2480 setup for the application. By default, it will use L<Module::Pluggable>.
2482 Specify a C<setup_components> config option to pass additional options directly
2483 to L<Module::Pluggable>. To add additional search paths, specify a key named
2484 C<search_extra> as an array reference. Items in the array beginning with C<::>
2485 will have the application class name prepended to them.
2489 sub locate_components {
2493 my @paths = qw( ::Controller ::C ::Model ::M ::View ::V );
2494 my $extra = delete $config->{ search_extra } || [];
2496 push @paths, @$extra;
2498 my $locator = Module::Pluggable::Object->new(
2499 search_path => [ map { s/^(?=::)/$class/; $_; } @paths ],
2503 # XXX think about ditching this sort entirely
2504 my @comps = sort { length $a <=> length $b } $locator->plugins;
2509 =head2 $c->expand_component_module( $component, $setup_component_config )
2511 Components found by C<locate_components> will be passed to this method, which
2512 is expected to return a list of component (package) names to be set up.
2516 sub expand_component_module {
2517 my ($class, $module) = @_;
2518 return Devel::InnerPackage::list_packages( $module );
2521 =head2 $c->setup_component
2525 sub setup_component {
2526 my( $class, $component ) = @_;
2528 unless ( $component->can( 'COMPONENT' ) ) {
2532 my $suffix = Catalyst::Utils::class2classsuffix( $component );
2533 my $config = $class->config->{ $suffix } || {};
2534 # Stash catalyst_component_name in the config here, so that custom COMPONENT
2535 # methods also pass it. local to avoid pointlessly shitting in config
2536 # for the debug screen, as $component is already the key name.
2537 local $config->{catalyst_component_name} = $component;
2539 my $instance = eval { $component->COMPONENT( $class, $config ); };
2541 if ( my $error = $@ ) {
2543 Catalyst::Exception->throw(
2544 message => qq/Couldn't instantiate component "$component", "$error"/
2548 unless (blessed $instance) {
2549 my $metaclass = Moose::Util::find_meta($component);
2550 my $method_meta = $metaclass->find_method_by_name('COMPONENT');
2551 my $component_method_from = $method_meta->associated_metaclass->name;
2552 my $value = defined($instance) ? $instance : 'undef';
2553 Catalyst::Exception->throw(
2555 qq/Couldn't instantiate component "$component", COMPONENT() method (from $component_method_from) didn't return an object-like value (value was $value)./
2561 =head2 $c->setup_dispatcher
2567 sub setup_dispatcher {
2568 my ( $class, $dispatcher ) = @_;
2571 $dispatcher = 'Catalyst::Dispatcher::' . $dispatcher;
2574 if ( my $env = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'DISPATCHER' ) ) {
2575 $dispatcher = 'Catalyst::Dispatcher::' . $env;
2578 unless ($dispatcher) {
2579 $dispatcher = $class->dispatcher_class;
2582 Class::MOP::load_class($dispatcher);
2584 # dispatcher instance
2585 $class->dispatcher( $dispatcher->new );
2588 =head2 $c->setup_engine
2595 my ($class, $requested_engine) = @_;
2597 if (!$class->engine_loader || $requested_engine) {
2598 $class->engine_loader(
2599 Catalyst::EngineLoader->new({
2600 application_name => $class,
2601 (defined $requested_engine
2602 ? (catalyst_engine_class => $requested_engine) : ()),
2607 $class->engine_loader->catalyst_engine_class;
2611 my ($class, $requested_engine) = @_;
2614 my $loader = $class->engine_loader;
2616 if (!$loader || $requested_engine) {
2617 $loader = Catalyst::EngineLoader->new({
2618 application_name => $class,
2619 (defined $requested_engine
2620 ? (requested_engine => $requested_engine) : ()),
2623 $class->engine_loader($loader);
2626 $loader->catalyst_engine_class;
2629 # Don't really setup_engine -- see _setup_psgi_app for explanation.
2630 return if $class->loading_psgi_file;
2632 Class::MOP::load_class($engine);
2634 if ($ENV{MOD_PERL}) {
2635 my $apache = $class->engine_loader->auto;
2637 my $meta = find_meta($class);
2638 my $was_immutable = $meta->is_immutable;
2639 my %immutable_options = $meta->immutable_options;
2640 $meta->make_mutable if $was_immutable;
2642 $meta->add_method(handler => sub {
2644 my $psgi_app = $class->psgi_app;
2645 $apache->call_app($r, $psgi_app);
2648 $meta->make_immutable(%immutable_options) if $was_immutable;
2651 $class->engine( $engine->new );
2656 sub _finalized_psgi_app {
2659 unless ($app->_psgi_app) {
2660 my $psgi_app = $app->_setup_psgi_app;
2661 $app->_psgi_app($psgi_app);
2664 return $app->_psgi_app;
2667 sub _setup_psgi_app {
2670 for my $home (Path::Class::Dir->new($app->config->{home})) {
2671 my $psgi_file = $home->file(
2672 Catalyst::Utils::appprefix($app) . '.psgi',
2675 next unless -e $psgi_file;
2677 # If $psgi_file calls ->setup_engine, it's doing so to load
2678 # Catalyst::Engine::PSGI. But if it does that, we're only going to
2679 # throw away the loaded PSGI-app and load the 5.9 Catalyst::Engine
2680 # anyway. So set a flag (ick) that tells setup_engine not to populate
2681 # $c->engine or do any other things we might regret.
2683 $app->loading_psgi_file(1);
2684 my $psgi_app = Plack::Util::load_psgi($psgi_file);
2685 $app->loading_psgi_file(0);
2688 unless $app->engine_loader->needs_psgi_engine_compat_hack;
2691 Found a legacy Catalyst::Engine::PSGI .psgi file at ${psgi_file}.
2693 Its content has been ignored. Please consult the Catalyst::Upgrading
2694 documentation on how to upgrade from Catalyst::Engine::PSGI.
2698 return $app->apply_default_middlewares($app->psgi_app);
2701 =head2 $c->apply_default_middlewares
2703 Adds the following L<Plack> middlewares to your application, since they are
2704 useful and commonly needed:
2706 L<Plack::Middleware::ReverseProxy>, (conditionally added based on the status
2707 of your $ENV{REMOTE_ADDR}, and can be forced on with C<using_frontend_proxy>
2708 or forced off with C<ignore_frontend_proxy>), L<Plack::Middleware::LighttpdScriptNameFix>
2709 (if you are using Lighttpd), L<Plack::Middleware::IIS6ScriptNameFix> (always
2710 applied since this middleware is smart enough to conditionally apply itself).
2712 Additionally if we detect we are using Nginx, we add a bit of custom middleware
2713 to solve some problems with the way that server handles $ENV{PATH_INFO} and
2719 sub apply_default_middlewares {
2720 my ($app, $psgi_app) = @_;
2722 $psgi_app = Plack::Middleware::Conditional->wrap(
2724 builder => sub { Plack::Middleware::ReverseProxy->wrap($_[0]) },
2727 return if $app->config->{ignore_frontend_proxy};
2728 return $env->{REMOTE_ADDR} eq '127.0.0.1'
2729 || $app->config->{using_frontend_proxy};
2733 # If we're running under Lighttpd, swap PATH_INFO and SCRIPT_NAME
2734 # http://lists.scsys.co.uk/pipermail/catalyst/2006-June/008361.html
2735 $psgi_app = Plack::Middleware::LighttpdScriptNameFix->wrap($psgi_app);
2737 # we're applying this unconditionally as the middleware itself already makes
2738 # sure it doesn't fuck things up if it's not running under one of the right
2740 $psgi_app = Plack::Middleware::IIS6ScriptNameFix->wrap($psgi_app);
2747 Returns a PSGI application code reference for the catalyst application
2748 C<$c>. This is the bare application without any middlewares
2749 applied. C<${myapp}.psgi> is not taken into account.
2751 This is what you want to be using to retrieve the PSGI application code
2752 reference of your Catalyst application for use in F<.psgi> files.
2758 return $app->engine->build_psgi_app($app);
2761 =head2 $c->setup_home
2763 Sets up the home directory.
2768 my ( $class, $home ) = @_;
2770 if ( my $env = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'HOME' ) ) {
2774 $home ||= Catalyst::Utils::home($class);
2777 #I remember recently being scolded for assigning config values like this
2778 $class->config->{home} ||= $home;
2779 $class->config->{root} ||= Path::Class::Dir->new($home)->subdir('root');
2783 =head2 $c->setup_log
2785 Sets up log by instantiating a L<Catalyst::Log|Catalyst::Log> object and
2786 passing it to C<log()>. Pass in a comma-delimited list of levels to set the
2789 This method also installs a C<debug> method that returns a true value into the
2790 catalyst subclass if the "debug" level is passed in the comma-delimited list,
2791 or if the C<$CATALYST_DEBUG> environment variable is set to a true value.
2793 Note that if the log has already been setup, by either a previous call to
2794 C<setup_log> or by a call such as C<< __PACKAGE__->log( MyLogger->new ) >>,
2795 that this method won't actually set up the log object.
2800 my ( $class, $levels ) = @_;
2803 $levels =~ s/^\s+//;
2804 $levels =~ s/\s+$//;
2805 my %levels = map { $_ => 1 } split /\s*,\s*/, $levels;
2807 my $env_debug = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'DEBUG' );
2808 if ( defined $env_debug ) {
2809 $levels{debug} = 1 if $env_debug; # Ugly!
2810 delete($levels{debug}) unless $env_debug;
2813 unless ( $class->log ) {
2814 $class->log( Catalyst::Log->new(keys %levels) );
2817 if ( $levels{debug} ) {
2818 Class::MOP::get_metaclass_by_name($class)->add_method('debug' => sub { 1 });
2819 $class->log->debug('Debug messages enabled');
2823 =head2 $c->setup_plugins
2829 =head2 $c->setup_stats
2831 Sets up timing statistics class.
2836 my ( $class, $stats ) = @_;
2838 Catalyst::Utils::ensure_class_loaded($class->stats_class);
2840 my $env = Catalyst::Utils::env_value( $class, 'STATS' );
2841 if ( defined($env) ? $env : ($stats || $class->debug ) ) {
2842 Class::MOP::get_metaclass_by_name($class)->add_method('use_stats' => sub { 1 });
2843 $class->log->debug('Statistics enabled');
2848 =head2 $c->registered_plugins
2850 Returns a sorted list of the plugins which have either been stated in the
2853 If passed a given plugin name, it will report a boolean value indicating
2854 whether or not that plugin is loaded. A fully qualified name is required if
2855 the plugin name does not begin with C<Catalyst::Plugin::>.
2857 if ($c->registered_plugins('Some::Plugin')) {
2865 sub registered_plugins {
2867 return sort keys %{ $proto->_plugins } unless @_;
2869 return 1 if exists $proto->_plugins->{$plugin};
2870 return exists $proto->_plugins->{"Catalyst::Plugin::$plugin"};
2873 sub _register_plugin {
2874 my ( $proto, $plugin, $instant ) = @_;
2875 my $class = ref $proto || $proto;
2877 Class::MOP::load_class( $plugin );
2878 $class->log->warn( "$plugin inherits from 'Catalyst::Component' - this is deprecated and will not work in 5.81" )
2879 if $plugin->isa( 'Catalyst::Component' );
2880 $proto->_plugins->{$plugin} = 1;
2882 my $meta = Class::MOP::get_metaclass_by_name($class);
2883 $meta->superclasses($plugin, $meta->superclasses);
2889 my ( $class, $plugins ) = @_;
2891 $class->_plugins( {} ) unless $class->_plugins;
2892 $plugins = Data::OptList::mkopt($plugins || []);
2895 [ Catalyst::Utils::resolve_namespace(
2896 $class . '::Plugin',
2897 'Catalyst::Plugin', $_->[0]
2903 for my $plugin ( reverse @plugins ) {
2904 Class::MOP::load_class($plugin->[0], $plugin->[1]);
2905 my $meta = find_meta($plugin->[0]);
2906 next if $meta && $meta->isa('Moose::Meta::Role');
2908 $class->_register_plugin($plugin->[0]);
2912 map { $_->[0]->name, $_->[1] }
2913 grep { blessed($_->[0]) && $_->[0]->isa('Moose::Meta::Role') }
2914 map { [find_meta($_->[0]), $_->[1]] }
2917 Moose::Util::apply_all_roles(
2925 Returns an arrayref of the internal execution stack (actions that are
2926 currently executing).
2930 Returns the current timing statistics object. By default Catalyst uses
2931 L<Catalyst::Stats|Catalyst::Stats>, but can be set otherwise with
2932 L<< stats_class|/"$c->stats_class" >>.
2934 Even if L<< -Stats|/"-Stats" >> is not enabled, the stats object is still
2935 available. By enabling it with C< $c->stats->enabled(1) >, it can be used to
2936 profile explicitly, although MyApp.pm still won't profile nor output anything
2939 =head2 $c->stats_class
2941 Returns or sets the stats (timing statistics) class. L<Catalyst::Stats|Catalyst::Stats> is used by default.
2943 =head2 $c->use_stats
2945 Returns 1 when L<< stats collection|/"-Stats" >> is enabled.
2947 Note that this is a static method, not an accessor and should be overridden
2948 by declaring C<sub use_stats { 1 }> in your MyApp.pm, not by calling C<< $c->use_stats(1) >>.
2955 =head2 $c->write( $data )
2957 Writes $data to the output stream. When using this method directly, you
2958 will need to manually set the C<Content-Length> header to the length of
2959 your output data, if known.
2966 # Finalize headers if someone manually writes output
2967 $c->finalize_headers;
2969 return $c->engine->write( $c, @_ );
2974 Returns the Catalyst version number. Mostly useful for "powered by"
2975 messages in template systems.
2979 sub version { return $Catalyst::VERSION }
2981 =head1 CONFIGURATION
2983 There are a number of 'base' config variables which can be set:
2989 C<default_model> - The default model picked if you say C<< $c->model >>. See L<< /$c->model($name) >>.
2993 C<default_view> - The default view to be rendered or returned when C<< $c->view >> is called. See L<< /$c->view($name) >>.
2997 C<disable_component_resolution_regex_fallback> - Turns
2998 off the deprecated component resolution functionality so
2999 that if any of the component methods (e.g. C<< $c->controller('Foo') >>)
3000 are called then regex search will not be attempted on string values and
3001 instead C<undef> will be returned.
3005 C<home> - The application home directory. In an uninstalled application,
3006 this is the top level application directory. In an installed application,
3007 this will be the directory containing C<< MyApp.pm >>.
3011 C<ignore_frontend_proxy> - See L</PROXY SUPPORT>
3015 C<name> - The name of the application in debug messages and the debug and
3020 C<parse_on_demand> - The request body (for example file uploads) will not be parsed
3021 until it is accessed. This allows you to (for example) check authentication (and reject
3022 the upload) before actually receiving all the data. See L</ON-DEMAND PARSER>
3026 C<root> - The root directory for templates. Usually this is just a
3027 subdirectory of the home directory, but you can set it to change the
3028 templates to a different directory.
3032 C<search_extra> - Array reference passed to Module::Pluggable to for additional
3033 namespaces from which components will be loaded (and constructed and stored in
3034 C<< $c->components >>).
3038 C<show_internal_actions> - If true, causes internal actions such as C<< _DISPATCH >>
3039 to be shown in hit debug tables in the test server.
3043 C<use_request_uri_for_path> - Controls if the C<REQUEST_URI> or C<PATH_INFO> environment
3044 variable should be used for determining the request path.
3046 Most web server environments pass the requested path to the application using environment variables,
3047 from which Catalyst has to reconstruct the request base (i.e. the top level path to / in the application,
3048 exposed as C<< $c->request->base >>) and the request path below that base.
3050 There are two methods of doing this, both of which have advantages and disadvantages. Which method is used
3051 is determined by the C<< $c->config(use_request_uri_for_path) >> setting (which can either be true or false).
3055 =item use_request_uri_for_path => 0
3057 This is the default (and the) traditional method that Catalyst has used for determining the path information.
3058 The path is generated from a combination of the C<PATH_INFO> and C<SCRIPT_NAME> environment variables.
3059 The allows the application to behave correctly when C<mod_rewrite> is being used to redirect requests
3060 into the application, as these variables are adjusted by mod_rewrite to take account for the redirect.
3062 However this method has the major disadvantage that it is impossible to correctly decode some elements
3063 of the path, as RFC 3875 says: "C<< Unlike a URI path, the PATH_INFO is not URL-encoded, and cannot
3064 contain path-segment parameters. >>" This means PATH_INFO is B<always> decoded, and therefore Catalyst
3065 can't distinguish / vs %2F in paths (in addition to other encoded values).
3067 =item use_request_uri_for_path => 1
3069 This method uses the C<REQUEST_URI> and C<SCRIPT_NAME> environment variables. As C<REQUEST_URI> is never
3070 decoded, this means that applications using this mode can correctly handle URIs including the %2F character
3071 (i.e. with C<AllowEncodedSlashes> set to C<On> in Apache).
3073 Given that this method of path resolution is provably more correct, it is recommended that you use
3074 this unless you have a specific need to deploy your application in a non-standard environment, and you are
3075 aware of the implications of not being able to handle encoded URI paths correctly.
3077 However it also means that in a number of cases when the app isn't installed directly at a path, but instead
3078 is having paths rewritten into it (e.g. as a .cgi/fcgi in a public_html directory, with mod_rewrite in a
3079 .htaccess file, or when SSI is used to rewrite pages into the app, or when sub-paths of the app are exposed
3080 at other URIs than that which the app is 'normally' based at with C<mod_rewrite>), the resolution of
3081 C<< $c->request->base >> will be incorrect.
3087 C<using_frontend_proxy> - See L</PROXY SUPPORT>.
3091 =head1 INTERNAL ACTIONS
3093 Catalyst uses internal actions like C<_DISPATCH>, C<_BEGIN>, C<_AUTO>,
3094 C<_ACTION>, and C<_END>. These are by default not shown in the private
3095 action table, but you can make them visible with a config parameter.
3097 MyApp->config(show_internal_actions => 1);
3099 =head1 ON-DEMAND PARSER
3101 The request body is usually parsed at the beginning of a request,
3102 but if you want to handle input yourself, you can enable on-demand
3103 parsing with a config parameter.
3105 MyApp->config(parse_on_demand => 1);
3107 =head1 PROXY SUPPORT
3109 Many production servers operate using the common double-server approach,
3110 with a lightweight frontend web server passing requests to a larger
3111 backend server. An application running on the backend server must deal
3112 with two problems: the remote user always appears to be C<127.0.0.1> and
3113 the server's hostname will appear to be C<localhost> regardless of the
3114 virtual host that the user connected through.
3116 Catalyst will automatically detect this situation when you are running
3117 the frontend and backend servers on the same machine. The following
3118 changes are made to the request.
3120 $c->req->address is set to the user's real IP address, as read from
3121 the HTTP X-Forwarded-For header.
3123 The host value for $c->req->base and $c->req->uri is set to the real
3124 host, as read from the HTTP X-Forwarded-Host header.
3126 Additionally, you may be running your backend application on an insecure
3127 connection (port 80) while your frontend proxy is running under SSL. If there
3128 is a discrepancy in the ports, use the HTTP header C<X-Forwarded-Port> to
3129 tell Catalyst what port the frontend listens on. This will allow all URIs to
3130 be created properly.
3132 In the case of passing in:
3134 X-Forwarded-Port: 443
3136 All calls to C<uri_for> will result in an https link, as is expected.
3138 Obviously, your web server must support these headers for this to work.
3140 In a more complex server farm environment where you may have your
3141 frontend proxy server(s) on different machines, you will need to set a
3142 configuration option to tell Catalyst to read the proxied data from the
3145 MyApp->config(using_frontend_proxy => 1);
3147 If you do not wish to use the proxy support at all, you may set:
3149 MyApp->config(ignore_frontend_proxy => 1);
3151 =head1 THREAD SAFETY
3153 Catalyst has been tested under Apache 2's threading C<mpm_worker>,
3154 C<mpm_winnt>, and the standalone forking HTTP server on Windows. We
3155 believe the Catalyst core to be thread-safe.
3157 If you plan to operate in a threaded environment, remember that all other
3158 modules you are using must also be thread-safe. Some modules, most notably
3159 L<DBD::SQLite>, are not thread-safe.
3165 Join #catalyst on irc.perl.org.
3169 http://lists.scsys.co.uk/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/catalyst
3170 http://lists.scsys.co.uk/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/catalyst-dev
3174 http://catalyst.perl.org
3178 http://dev.catalyst.perl.org
3182 =head2 L<Task::Catalyst> - All you need to start with Catalyst
3184 =head2 L<Catalyst::Manual> - The Catalyst Manual
3186 =head2 L<Catalyst::Component>, L<Catalyst::Controller> - Base classes for components
3188 =head2 L<Catalyst::Engine> - Core engine
3190 =head2 L<Catalyst::Log> - Log class.
3192 =head2 L<Catalyst::Request> - Request object
3194 =head2 L<Catalyst::Response> - Response object
3196 =head2 L<Catalyst::Test> - The test suite.
3200 =head1 PROJECT FOUNDER
3202 sri: Sebastian Riedel <sri@cpan.org>
3208 acme: Leon Brocard <leon@astray.com>
3210 abraxxa: Alexander Hartmaier <abraxxa@cpan.org>
3214 Andrew Ford E<lt>A.Ford@ford-mason.co.ukE<gt>
3218 andyg: Andy Grundman <andy@hybridized.org>
3220 audreyt: Audrey Tang
3222 bricas: Brian Cassidy <bricas@cpan.org>
3224 Caelum: Rafael Kitover <rkitover@io.com>
3226 chansen: Christian Hansen
3228 chicks: Christopher Hicks
3230 Chisel Wright C<pause@herlpacker.co.uk>
3232 Danijel Milicevic C<me@danijel.de>
3234 David Kamholz E<lt>dkamholz@cpan.orgE<gt>
3236 David Naughton, C<naughton@umn.edu>
3240 dhoss: Devin Austin <dhoss@cpan.org>
3242 dkubb: Dan Kubb <dan.kubb-cpan@onautopilot.com>
3246 dwc: Daniel Westermann-Clark <danieltwc@cpan.org>
3248 esskar: Sascha Kiefer
3250 fireartist: Carl Franks <cfranks@cpan.org>
3252 frew: Arthur Axel "fREW" Schmidt <frioux@gmail.com>
3254 gabb: Danijel Milicevic
3258 Gavin Henry C<ghenry@perl.me.uk>
3262 groditi: Guillermo Roditi <groditi@gmail.com>
3264 hobbs: Andrew Rodland <andrew@cleverdomain.org>
3266 ilmari: Dagfinn Ilmari Mannsåker <ilmari@ilmari.org>
3268 jcamacho: Juan Camacho
3270 jester: Jesse Sheidlower C<jester@panix.com>
3272 jhannah: Jay Hannah <jay@jays.net>
3278 jon: Jon Schutz <jjschutz@cpan.org>
3280 Jonathan Rockway C<< <jrockway@cpan.org> >>
3282 Kieren Diment C<kd@totaldatasolution.com>
3284 konobi: Scott McWhirter <konobi@cpan.org>
3286 marcus: Marcus Ramberg <mramberg@cpan.org>
3288 miyagawa: Tatsuhiko Miyagawa <miyagawa@bulknews.net>
3290 mst: Matt S. Trout <mst@shadowcatsystems.co.uk>
3294 naughton: David Naughton
3296 ningu: David Kamholz <dkamholz@cpan.org>
3298 nothingmuch: Yuval Kogman <nothingmuch@woobling.org>
3300 numa: Dan Sully <daniel@cpan.org>
3306 omega: Andreas Marienborg
3308 Oleg Kostyuk <cub.uanic@gmail.com>
3310 phaylon: Robert Sedlacek <phaylon@dunkelheit.at>
3312 rafl: Florian Ragwitz <rafl@debian.org>
3314 random: Roland Lammel <lammel@cpan.org>
3316 Robert Sedlacek C<< <rs@474.at> >>
3318 SpiceMan: Marcel Montes
3322 szbalint: Balint Szilakszi <szbalint@cpan.org>
3324 t0m: Tomas Doran <bobtfish@bobtfish.net>
3328 Viljo Marrandi C<vilts@yahoo.com>
3330 Will Hawes C<info@whawes.co.uk>
3332 willert: Sebastian Willert <willert@cpan.org>
3334 wreis: Wallace Reis <wallace@reis.org.br>
3336 Yuval Kogman, C<nothingmuch@woobling.org>
3338 rainboxx: Matthias Dietrich, C<perl@rainboxx.de>
3340 dd070: Dhaval Dhanani <dhaval070@gmail.com>
3346 Copyright (c) 2005, the above named PROJECT FOUNDER and CONTRIBUTORS.
3350 This library is free software. You can redistribute it and/or modify it under
3351 the same terms as Perl itself.
3357 __PACKAGE__->meta->make_immutable;