1 Copyright 1998, O'Reilly & Associates, Inc.
3 This package may be copied under the same terms as Perl itself.
7 This is a work in progress, and relies on bleeding-edge technology
8 from the network. Don't expect not to be surprised occasionally.
12 Under Solaris and Linux (and other Unix-like systems), Perl 5.005 (or later)
13 must be compiled and installed as a shared library (libperl.so). I had to use
14 the system's malloc. JPL was originally built and tested with 5.004_04 and
15 early Java 1.1 development kits. This version has not been well tested under
16 other versions, so you can expect some rough edges.
18 You need JDK 1.1. On Solaris, 1.1.5 has been verified to work. Linux
19 users can try the latest version (1.1.3 or later) available from (for
22 ftp://ftp.blackdown.org/pub/Linux/JDK/1.1.3/updates/libjava-1.1.3v2-1.tar.gz
24 The get_jdk directory contains a script that will download JDK (but not
25 the patch file above) off of the net for you. (This presumes you've
26 already installed the modules mentioned in ../README.)
28 You may need to ensure that all files under the ../jpl directory are writable.
29 install-jpl expects to be run with super-user privileges so that it can
30 put things in the right places.
34 Only a subset of JPL works under Microsoft Windows. This subset includes
35 the JNI extension and the JPL module. This is enough for you to embed
36 Java in Perl, but not Perl in Java.
38 This has only been tested with the Sun JDK 1.1.8. I haven't tested it
39 with JDK 1.2 (aka Java 2) or any Microsoft implementation of Java.
43 You might notice some mention of Kaffe (www.kaffe.org) in the source files.
44 This is because some preliminary work is being done in this area, but JPL
45 doesn't yet work with Kaffe.
49 JPL is a hybrid (to use the polite term) language. It's basically Java
50 in which the methods can optionally be implemented by Perl code. A
51 preprocessor called "JPL::Compile" looks at your .jpl file and spits
52 out the appropriate .java, .c, .h, .pl, and .so files to accomplish the
53 desired task. Hopefully a lot of those files can go away in the future
54 as jpl mutates into a Perl-to-Java compiler. The long-term goal is for
55 jpl to be able to take a pure Perl file and spit out a java .class
56 file. This initial version of JPL is an attempt to begin to mesh the
57 semantics of Java and Perl. Some people may find it useful in its
58 current form, but you should know right up front that we've still got a
59 ways to go with it. A journey of a thousand miles continues with the
64 JPL syntax is trivial, given that you know Java and Perl. Pretend like
65 you're writing a native Java method, but say "perl" instead of
66 "native", and then instead of omitting the body of the method, put your
67 Perl code in double curlies. (See Sample.jpl for an example.)
69 Calling back from Perl to Java is done through the JNI (Java Native
70 Interface). No weird transmogrifications are done by the preprocessor
71 to your Perl code--it's all normal Perl. The preprocessor just wraps
72 it up into funny subroutines you don't see unless you peek at the .pl
77 There are two ways to install JPL.
79 The first way gives you the ability to embed Perl in Java programs. You
80 can also call back into Java from your embedded Perl programs. This should
81 work well with most JDKs, and is the only option for people using a JDK
82 that uses green threads (see your JDK documentation).
84 The second way lets you embed Java in Perl, but doesn't provide support
85 for the other direction. This is good, in theory, if you need to work with
86 a lot of Java classes from within Perl. I say "in theory," because this
87 doesn't actually work a lot of the time. To use this second way, you
88 must be using a JDK with native threads.
90 At this point, the second way is the only way to use JPL under Microsoft
91 Windows. Oddly enough, this is the only platform under which the second
94 Installation the First Way (All of JPL)
95 ---------------------------------------
96 Run "install-jpl". You have to tell it whether you want to use the
97 current directory for JPL_HOME or some other directory. Everything
98 else should take care of itself, except that after install-jpl
99 writes the setvars program, you are responsible to invoke it properly
100 before any JPL applications can be compiled under the current shell.
102 sh: eval `setvars -sh`
103 csh: eval `setvars -csh`
104 perl: eval `setvars -perl`;
106 install-jpl has been tested under:
108 Solaris 2.5.1 SPARC, GCC 2.8.0, Perl 5.005_03, JDK 1.1.7
109 Debian 2.1 x86, Perl 5.005_60, JDK 1.1.7v3
115 NOTE: Under Solaris 2.5.1, you may get an error message when install-jpl
118 You must install a Solaris patch to run this version of the Java
119 runtime. Please see the README and release notes for more
123 This is apparently a spurious message, and it has been reported to
124 Sun. Although this message aborts the installation, all of JPL is
125 installed by the time this message is reached. To recover and continue,
126 run setvars as described above, cd to the Sample directory, and type
127 'make' to continue building. You can then run 'java Sample' to test the
130 Unfortunately, each time you use 'make' to build a JPL application,
131 it will abort when it tries to run 'perl -c' on the generated .pl
132 file. However, you can continue building by typing 'make' again.
134 Just-JNI (call into Java from Perl only)
135 ----------------------------------------
137 This has been tested with:
139 Debian 2.1 SPARC, Perl 5.005_60, JDK 1.2 beta (crashes with AWT, though)
140 Windows NT 4.0 SP4, ActivePerl 519, JDK 1.1.8, Visual C++
141 Solaris 7, Perl 5.005_03, JDK 1.1.6, GCC 2.8.1
143 Solaris 7 Note (this probably applies to all native thread situations):
145 Native threads were tricky. I had to build my own Perl, configured with:
147 sh Configure -Dprefix=/opt/perl5.005 -Duseshrplib -Doptimize=-g \
148 -Uusemymalloc -D cc=gcc -Dusethreads -d
150 When Configure let me edit config.sh, I changed libs to:
152 libs='-lthread -lsocket -lnsl -ldl -lm -lposix4 -lpthread -lc -lcrypt'
154 The leading -lthread is the only thing I had to add.
156 How do I do this crazy thing?
158 1) Cd into the JPL directory. Type the following:
164 Under windows, that's:
170 3) cd into the JNI directory (cd ../JNI or cd ..\JNI)
172 4) We now need to compile and make the Closer.class available to your
173 JPL program. Closer is a WindowListener that closes the Frame we
174 make in the test program.
176 It seems that we've managed to fix the problem with CLASSPATH not
177 getting propagated to the JVM, so if '.' is in your CLASSPATH, you
178 should be able to compile Closer.java and leave it in the current
185 a) If you are on Windows, copy typemap.win32:
187 copy typemap.win32 typemap
189 (this step will probably go away when we clean up some of the
192 b) type the following:
205 c) if all went well, type:
215 To subscribe to the jpl mailing list, send an email message to
216 jpl-subscribe@perl.org.
220 Information on accessing the bleeding edge JPL via CVS can be found at:
222 http://users.ids.net/~bjepson/jpl/cvs.html
227 You can look at the Sample and Test directories.
229 Perhaps the most important bit of advice we can give you is to watch
231 http://perl.oreilly.com
233 for further information on how to get further information.
235 Have the appropriate amount of fun.