3 * Copyright (C) 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
4 * 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, by Larry Wall and others
6 * You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
7 * License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
12 * 'Mercy!' cried Gandalf. 'If the giving of information is to be the cure
13 * of your inquisitiveness, I shall spend all the rest of my days answering
14 * you. What more do you want to know?'
15 * 'The names of all the stars, and of all living things, and the whole
16 * history of Middle-earth and Over-heaven and of the Sundering Seas,'
23 A GV is a structure which corresponds to to a Perl typeglob, ie *foo.
24 It is a structure that holds a pointer to a scalar, an array, a hash etc,
25 corresponding to $foo, @foo, %foo.
27 GVs are usually found as values in stashes (symbol table hashes) where
28 Perl stores its global variables.
37 static const char S_autoload[] = "AUTOLOAD";
38 static const STRLEN S_autolen = sizeof(S_autoload)-1;
41 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
43 Perl_gv_SVadd(pTHX_ GV *gv)
45 if (!gv || SvTYPE((SV*)gv) != SVt_PVGV)
46 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for scalar");
54 Perl_gv_AVadd(pTHX_ register GV *gv)
56 if (!gv || SvTYPE((SV*)gv) != SVt_PVGV)
57 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for array");
64 Perl_gv_HVadd(pTHX_ register GV *gv)
66 if (!gv || SvTYPE((SV*)gv) != SVt_PVGV)
67 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for hash");
74 Perl_gv_IOadd(pTHX_ register GV *gv)
77 if (!gv || SvTYPE((SV*)gv) != SVt_PVGV) {
80 * if it walks like a dirhandle, then let's assume that
81 * this is a dirhandle.
83 const char *fh = PL_op->op_type == OP_READDIR ||
84 PL_op->op_type == OP_TELLDIR ||
85 PL_op->op_type == OP_SEEKDIR ||
86 PL_op->op_type == OP_REWINDDIR ||
87 PL_op->op_type == OP_CLOSEDIR ?
88 "dirhandle" : "filehandle";
89 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for %s", fh);
93 #ifdef GV_UNIQUE_CHECK
95 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for filehandle (GV is unique)");
104 Perl_gv_fetchfile(pTHX_ const char *name)
115 tmplen = strlen(name) + 2;
116 if (tmplen < sizeof smallbuf)
119 Newx(tmpbuf, tmplen + 1, char);
120 /* This is where the debugger's %{"::_<$filename"} hash is created */
123 memcpy(tmpbuf + 2, name, tmplen - 1);
124 gv = *(GV**)hv_fetch(PL_defstash, tmpbuf, tmplen, TRUE);
126 gv_init(gv, PL_defstash, tmpbuf, tmplen, FALSE);
127 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
128 GvSV(gv) = newSVpvn(name, tmplen - 2);
130 sv_setpvn(GvSV(gv), name, tmplen - 2);
133 hv_magic(GvHVn(gv_AVadd(gv)), Nullgv, PERL_MAGIC_dbfile);
135 if (tmpbuf != smallbuf)
141 =for apidoc gv_const_sv
143 If C<gv> is a typeglob whose subroutine entry is a constant sub eligible for
144 inlining, or C<gv> is a placeholder reference that would be promoted to such
145 a typeglob, then returns the value returned by the sub. Otherwise, returns
152 Perl_gv_const_sv(pTHX_ GV *gv)
154 if (SvTYPE(gv) == SVt_PVGV)
155 return cv_const_sv(GvCVu(gv));
156 return SvROK(gv) ? SvRV(gv) : NULL;
160 Perl_gv_init(pTHX_ GV *gv, HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, int multi)
164 const bool doproto = SvTYPE(gv) > SVt_NULL;
165 const char * const proto = (doproto && SvPOK(gv)) ? SvPVX_const(gv) : NULL;
166 SV *const has_constant = doproto && SvROK(gv) ? SvRV(gv) : NULL;
168 assert (!(proto && has_constant));
171 /* The constant has to be a simple scalar type. */
172 switch (SvTYPE(has_constant)) {
178 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Cannot convert a reference to %s to typeglob",
179 sv_reftype(has_constant, 0));
185 sv_upgrade((SV*)gv, SVt_PVGV);
192 Safefree(SvPVX_mutable(gv));
195 GvGP(gv) = gp_ref(gp);
196 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
201 GvLINE(gv) = CopLINE(PL_curcop);
202 /* XXX Ideally this cast would be replaced with a change to const char*
204 GvFILE(gv) = CopFILE(PL_curcop) ? CopFILE(PL_curcop) : (char *) "";
207 sv_magic((SV*)gv, (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_glob, Nullch, 0);
210 Perl_sv_add_backref(aTHX_ (SV*)stash, (SV*)gv);
211 GvNAME(gv) = savepvn(name, len);
213 if (multi || doproto) /* doproto means it _was_ mentioned */
215 if (doproto) { /* Replicate part of newSUB here. */
219 /* newCONSTSUB takes ownership of the reference from us. */
220 GvCV(gv) = newCONSTSUB(stash, name, has_constant);
222 /* XXX unsafe for threads if eval_owner isn't held */
223 (void) start_subparse(0,0); /* Create empty CV in compcv. */
224 GvCV(gv) = PL_compcv;
230 CvFILE_set_from_cop(GvCV(gv), PL_curcop);
231 CvSTASH(GvCV(gv)) = PL_curstash;
233 sv_setpv((SV*)GvCV(gv), proto);
240 S_gv_init_sv(pTHX_ GV *gv, I32 sv_type)
252 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
265 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth
267 Returns the glob with the given C<name> and a defined subroutine or
268 C<NULL>. The glob lives in the given C<stash>, or in the stashes
269 accessible via @ISA and UNIVERSAL::.
271 The argument C<level> should be either 0 or -1. If C<level==0>, as a
272 side-effect creates a glob with the given C<name> in the given C<stash>
273 which in the case of success contains an alias for the subroutine, and sets
274 up caching info for this glob. Similarly for all the searched stashes.
276 This function grants C<"SUPER"> token as a postfix of the stash name. The
277 GV returned from C<gv_fetchmeth> may be a method cache entry, which is not
278 visible to Perl code. So when calling C<call_sv>, you should not use
279 the GV directly; instead, you should use the method's CV, which can be
280 obtained from the GV with the C<GvCV> macro.
286 Perl_gv_fetchmeth(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, I32 level)
296 /* UNIVERSAL methods should be callable without a stash */
298 level = -1; /* probably appropriate */
299 if(!(stash = gv_stashpvs("UNIVERSAL", FALSE)))
303 hvname = HvNAME_get(stash);
306 "Can't use anonymous symbol table for method lookup");
308 if ((level > 100) || (level < -100))
309 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Recursive inheritance detected while looking for method '%s' in package '%s'",
312 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Looking for method %s in package %s\n",name,hvname) );
314 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash, name, len, (level >= 0));
319 if (SvTYPE(topgv) != SVt_PVGV)
320 gv_init(topgv, stash, name, len, TRUE);
321 if ((cv = GvCV(topgv))) {
322 /* If genuine method or valid cache entry, use it */
323 if (!GvCVGEN(topgv) || GvCVGEN(topgv) == PL_sub_generation)
325 /* Stale cached entry: junk it */
327 GvCV(topgv) = cv = Nullcv;
330 else if (GvCVGEN(topgv) == PL_sub_generation)
331 return 0; /* cache indicates sub doesn't exist */
334 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetchs(stash, "ISA", FALSE);
335 av = (gvp && (gv = *gvp) && gv != (GV*)&PL_sv_undef) ? GvAV(gv) : NULL;
337 /* create and re-create @.*::SUPER::ISA on demand */
338 if (!av || !SvMAGIC(av)) {
339 STRLEN packlen = HvNAMELEN_get(stash);
341 if (packlen >= 7 && strEQ(hvname + packlen - 7, "::SUPER")) {
345 basestash = gv_stashpvn(hvname, packlen, TRUE);
346 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetchs(basestash, "ISA", FALSE);
347 if (gvp && (gv = *gvp) != (GV*)&PL_sv_undef && (av = GvAV(gv))) {
348 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetchs(stash, "ISA", TRUE);
349 if (!gvp || !(gv = *gvp))
350 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Cannot create %s::ISA", hvname);
351 if (SvTYPE(gv) != SVt_PVGV)
352 gv_init(gv, stash, "ISA", 3, TRUE);
353 SvREFCNT_dec(GvAV(gv));
354 GvAV(gv) = (AV*)SvREFCNT_inc(av);
360 SV** svp = AvARRAY(av);
361 /* NOTE: No support for tied ISA */
362 I32 items = AvFILLp(av) + 1;
364 SV* const sv = *svp++;
365 HV* const basestash = gv_stashsv(sv, FALSE);
367 if (ckWARN(WARN_MISC))
368 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_MISC), "Can't locate package %"SVf" for @%s::ISA",
372 gv = gv_fetchmeth(basestash, name, len,
373 (level >= 0) ? level + 1 : level - 1);
379 /* if at top level, try UNIVERSAL */
381 if (level == 0 || level == -1) {
382 HV* const lastchance = gv_stashpvs("UNIVERSAL", FALSE);
385 if ((gv = gv_fetchmeth(lastchance, name, len,
386 (level >= 0) ? level + 1 : level - 1)))
390 * Cache method in topgv if:
391 * 1. topgv has no synonyms (else inheritance crosses wires)
392 * 2. method isn't a stub (else AUTOLOAD fails spectacularly)
395 GvREFCNT(topgv) == 1 &&
397 (CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv)))
399 if ((cv = GvCV(topgv)))
401 GvCV(topgv) = (CV*)SvREFCNT_inc(GvCV(gv));
402 GvCVGEN(topgv) = PL_sub_generation;
406 else if (topgv && GvREFCNT(topgv) == 1) {
407 /* cache the fact that the method is not defined */
408 GvCVGEN(topgv) = PL_sub_generation;
417 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth_autoload
419 Same as gv_fetchmeth(), but looks for autoloaded subroutines too.
420 Returns a glob for the subroutine.
422 For an autoloaded subroutine without a GV, will create a GV even
423 if C<level < 0>. For an autoloaded subroutine without a stub, GvCV()
424 of the result may be zero.
430 Perl_gv_fetchmeth_autoload(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, I32 level)
432 GV *gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, name, len, level);
439 return NULL; /* UNIVERSAL::AUTOLOAD could cause trouble */
440 if (len == S_autolen && strnEQ(name, S_autoload, S_autolen))
442 if (!(gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, S_autoload, S_autolen, FALSE)))
445 if (!(CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv)))
447 /* Have an autoload */
448 if (level < 0) /* Cannot do without a stub */
449 gv_fetchmeth(stash, name, len, 0);
450 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash, name, len, (level >= 0));
459 =for apidoc gv_fetchmethod_autoload
461 Returns the glob which contains the subroutine to call to invoke the method
462 on the C<stash>. In fact in the presence of autoloading this may be the
463 glob for "AUTOLOAD". In this case the corresponding variable $AUTOLOAD is
466 The third parameter of C<gv_fetchmethod_autoload> determines whether
467 AUTOLOAD lookup is performed if the given method is not present: non-zero
468 means yes, look for AUTOLOAD; zero means no, don't look for AUTOLOAD.
469 Calling C<gv_fetchmethod> is equivalent to calling C<gv_fetchmethod_autoload>
470 with a non-zero C<autoload> parameter.
472 These functions grant C<"SUPER"> token as a prefix of the method name. Note
473 that if you want to keep the returned glob for a long time, you need to
474 check for it being "AUTOLOAD", since at the later time the call may load a
475 different subroutine due to $AUTOLOAD changing its value. Use the glob
476 created via a side effect to do this.
478 These functions have the same side-effects and as C<gv_fetchmeth> with
479 C<level==0>. C<name> should be writable if contains C<':'> or C<'
480 ''>. The warning against passing the GV returned by C<gv_fetchmeth> to
481 C<call_sv> apply equally to these functions.
487 Perl_gv_fetchmethod_autoload(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, I32 autoload)
490 register const char *nend;
491 const char *nsplit = NULL;
495 if (stash && SvTYPE(stash) < SVt_PVHV)
498 for (nend = name; *nend; nend++) {
501 else if (*nend == ':' && *(nend + 1) == ':')
505 const char * const origname = name;
509 if ((nsplit - origname) == 5 && strnEQ(origname, "SUPER", 5)) {
510 /* ->SUPER::method should really be looked up in original stash */
511 SV *tmpstr = sv_2mortal(Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_ "%s::SUPER",
512 CopSTASHPV(PL_curcop)));
513 /* __PACKAGE__::SUPER stash should be autovivified */
514 stash = gv_stashpvn(SvPVX_const(tmpstr), SvCUR(tmpstr), TRUE);
515 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Treating %s as %s::%s\n",
516 origname, HvNAME_get(stash), name) );
519 /* don't autovifify if ->NoSuchStash::method */
520 stash = gv_stashpvn(origname, nsplit - origname, FALSE);
522 /* however, explicit calls to Pkg::SUPER::method may
523 happen, and may require autovivification to work */
524 if (!stash && (nsplit - origname) >= 7 &&
525 strnEQ(nsplit - 7, "::SUPER", 7) &&
526 gv_stashpvn(origname, nsplit - origname - 7, FALSE))
527 stash = gv_stashpvn(origname, nsplit - origname, TRUE);
532 gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, name, nend - name, 0);
534 if (strEQ(name,"import") || strEQ(name,"unimport"))
535 gv = (GV*)&PL_sv_yes;
537 gv = gv_autoload4(ostash, name, nend - name, TRUE);
540 CV* const cv = GvCV(gv);
541 if (!CvROOT(cv) && !CvXSUB(cv)) {
549 if (GvCV(stubgv) != cv) /* orphaned import */
552 autogv = gv_autoload4(GvSTASH(stubgv),
553 GvNAME(stubgv), GvNAMELEN(stubgv), TRUE);
563 Perl_gv_autoload4(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, I32 method)
571 const char *packname = "";
574 if (len == S_autolen && strnEQ(name, S_autoload, S_autolen))
577 if (SvTYPE(stash) < SVt_PVHV) {
578 packname = SvPV_const((SV*)stash, packname_len);
582 packname = HvNAME_get(stash);
583 packname_len = HvNAMELEN_get(stash);
586 if (!(gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, S_autoload, S_autolen, FALSE)))
590 if (!(CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv)))
594 * Inheriting AUTOLOAD for non-methods works ... for now.
596 if (!method && (GvCVGEN(gv) || GvSTASH(gv) != stash)
597 && ckWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX)
599 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX),
600 "Use of inherited AUTOLOAD for non-method %s::%.*s() is deprecated",
601 packname, (int)len, name);
604 /* rather than lookup/init $AUTOLOAD here
605 * only to have the XSUB do another lookup for $AUTOLOAD
606 * and split that value on the last '::',
607 * pass along the same data via some unused fields in the CV
610 SvPV_set(cv, (char *)name); /* cast to lose constness warning */
616 * Given &FOO::AUTOLOAD, set $FOO::AUTOLOAD to desired function name.
617 * The subroutine's original name may not be "AUTOLOAD", so we don't
618 * use that, but for lack of anything better we will use the sub's
619 * original package to look up $AUTOLOAD.
621 varstash = GvSTASH(CvGV(cv));
622 vargv = *(GV**)hv_fetch(varstash, S_autoload, S_autolen, TRUE);
626 gv_init(vargv, varstash, S_autoload, S_autolen, FALSE);
627 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
628 GvSV(vargv) = newSV(0);
632 varsv = GvSVn(vargv);
633 sv_setpvn(varsv, packname, packname_len);
634 sv_catpvs(varsv, "::");
635 sv_catpvn(varsv, name, len);
636 SvTAINTED_off(varsv);
640 /* The "gv" parameter should be the glob known to Perl code as *!
641 * The scalar must already have been magicalized.
644 S_require_errno(pTHX_ GV *gv)
647 HV* stash = gv_stashpvs("Errno", FALSE);
649 if (!stash || !(gv_fetchmethod(stash, "TIEHASH"))) {
653 save_scalar(gv); /* keep the value of $! */
654 Perl_load_module(aTHX_ PERL_LOADMOD_NOIMPORT,
655 newSVpvs("Errno"), Nullsv);
658 stash = gv_stashpvs("Errno", FALSE);
659 if (!stash || !(gv_fetchmethod(stash, "TIEHASH")))
660 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't use %%! because Errno.pm is not available");
665 =for apidoc gv_stashpv
667 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package. C<name> should
668 be a valid UTF-8 string and must be null-terminated. If C<create> is set
669 then the package will be created if it does not already exist. If C<create>
670 is not set and the package does not exist then NULL is returned.
676 Perl_gv_stashpv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
678 return gv_stashpvn(name, strlen(name), create);
682 =for apidoc gv_stashpvn
684 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package. C<name> should
685 be a valid UTF-8 string. The C<namelen> parameter indicates the length of
686 the C<name>, in bytes. If C<create> is set then the package will be
687 created if it does not already exist. If C<create> is not set and the
688 package does not exist then NULL is returned.
694 Perl_gv_stashpvn(pTHX_ const char *name, U32 namelen, I32 create)
701 if (namelen + 3 < sizeof smallbuf)
704 Newx(tmpbuf, namelen + 3, char);
705 Copy(name,tmpbuf,namelen,char);
706 tmpbuf[namelen++] = ':';
707 tmpbuf[namelen++] = ':';
708 tmpbuf[namelen] = '\0';
709 tmpgv = gv_fetchpvn_flags(tmpbuf, namelen, create, SVt_PVHV);
710 if (tmpbuf != smallbuf)
715 GvHV(tmpgv) = newHV();
717 if (!HvNAME_get(stash))
718 hv_name_set(stash, name, namelen, 0);
723 =for apidoc gv_stashsv
725 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package, which must be a
726 valid UTF-8 string. See C<gv_stashpv>.
732 Perl_gv_stashsv(pTHX_ SV *sv, I32 create)
735 const char * const ptr = SvPV_const(sv,len);
736 return gv_stashpvn(ptr, len, create);
741 Perl_gv_fetchpv(pTHX_ const char *nambeg, I32 add, I32 sv_type) {
742 return gv_fetchpvn_flags(nambeg, strlen(nambeg), add, sv_type);
746 Perl_gv_fetchsv(pTHX_ SV *name, I32 flags, I32 sv_type) {
748 const char * const nambeg = SvPV_const(name, len);
749 return gv_fetchpvn_flags(nambeg, len, flags | SvUTF8(name), sv_type);
753 Perl_gv_fetchpvn_flags(pTHX_ const char *nambeg, STRLEN full_len, I32 flags,
757 register const char *name = nambeg;
758 register GV *gv = NULL;
761 register const char *name_cursor;
763 const I32 no_init = flags & (GV_NOADD_NOINIT | GV_NOINIT);
764 const I32 no_expand = flags & GV_NOEXPAND;
765 const I32 add = flags & ~SVf_UTF8 & ~GV_NOADD_NOINIT & ~GV_NOEXPAND;
766 const char *const name_end = nambeg + full_len;
767 const char *const name_em1 = name_end - 1;
769 if (*name == '*' && isALPHA(name[1])) /* accidental stringify on a GV? */
772 for (name_cursor = name; name_cursor < name_end; name_cursor++) {
773 if ((*name_cursor == ':' && name_cursor < name_em1
774 && name_cursor[1] == ':')
775 || (*name_cursor == '\'' && name_cursor[1]))
779 if (!stash || !SvREFCNT(stash)) /* symbol table under destruction */
782 len = name_cursor - name;
787 if (len + 3 < sizeof (smallbuf))
790 Newx(tmpbuf, len+3, char);
791 Copy(name, tmpbuf, len, char);
795 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash,tmpbuf,len,add);
796 gv = gvp ? *gvp : Nullgv;
797 if (gv && gv != (GV*)&PL_sv_undef) {
798 if (SvTYPE(gv) != SVt_PVGV)
799 gv_init(gv, stash, tmpbuf, len, (add & GV_ADDMULTI));
803 if (tmpbuf != smallbuf)
805 if (!gv || gv == (GV*)&PL_sv_undef)
808 if (!(stash = GvHV(gv)))
809 stash = GvHV(gv) = newHV();
811 if (!HvNAME_get(stash))
812 hv_name_set(stash, nambeg, name_cursor - nambeg, 0);
815 if (*name_cursor == ':')
820 return gv ? gv : (GV*)*hv_fetchs(PL_defstash, "main::", TRUE);
823 len = name_cursor - name;
825 /* No stash in name, so see how we can default */
828 if (isIDFIRST_lazy(name)) {
831 /* name is always \0 terminated, and initial \0 wouldn't return
832 true from isIDFIRST_lazy, so we know that name[1] is defined */
839 if (strEQ(name, "INC") || strEQ(name, "ENV"))
843 if (strEQ(name, "SIG"))
847 if (strEQ(name, "STDIN") || strEQ(name, "STDOUT") ||
848 strEQ(name, "STDERR"))
852 if (strEQ(name, "ARGV") || strEQ(name, "ARGVOUT"))
859 else if (IN_PERL_COMPILETIME) {
861 if (add && (PL_hints & HINT_STRICT_VARS) &&
862 sv_type != SVt_PVCV &&
863 sv_type != SVt_PVGV &&
864 sv_type != SVt_PVFM &&
865 sv_type != SVt_PVIO &&
866 !(len == 1 && sv_type == SVt_PV &&
867 (*name == 'a' || *name == 'b')) )
869 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash,name,len,0);
871 *gvp == (GV*)&PL_sv_undef ||
872 SvTYPE(*gvp) != SVt_PVGV)
876 else if ((sv_type == SVt_PV && !GvIMPORTED_SV(*gvp)) ||
877 (sv_type == SVt_PVAV && !GvIMPORTED_AV(*gvp)) ||
878 (sv_type == SVt_PVHV && !GvIMPORTED_HV(*gvp)) )
880 Perl_warn(aTHX_ "Variable \"%c%s\" is not imported",
881 sv_type == SVt_PVAV ? '@' :
882 sv_type == SVt_PVHV ? '%' : '$',
885 Perl_warn(aTHX_ "\t(Did you mean &%s instead?)\n", name);
891 stash = CopSTASH(PL_curcop);
897 /* By this point we should have a stash and a name */
901 SV * const err = Perl_mess(aTHX_
902 "Global symbol \"%s%s\" requires explicit package name",
903 (sv_type == SVt_PV ? "$"
904 : sv_type == SVt_PVAV ? "@"
905 : sv_type == SVt_PVHV ? "%"
907 if (USE_UTF8_IN_NAMES)
910 stash = GvHV(gv_fetchpvn_flags("<none>::", 8, GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV));
916 if (!SvREFCNT(stash)) /* symbol table under destruction */
919 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash,name,len,add);
920 if (!gvp || *gvp == (GV*)&PL_sv_undef)
923 if (SvTYPE(gv) == SVt_PVGV) {
926 gv_init_sv(gv, sv_type);
927 if (*name=='!' && sv_type == SVt_PVHV && len==1)
931 } else if (no_init) {
933 } else if (no_expand && SvROK(gv)) {
937 /* Adding a new symbol */
939 if (add & GV_ADDWARN && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL))
940 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL), "Had to create %s unexpectedly", nambeg);
941 gv_init(gv, stash, name, len, add & GV_ADDMULTI);
942 gv_init_sv(gv, sv_type);
944 if (isALPHA(name[0]) && ! (isLEXWARN_on ? ckWARN(WARN_ONCE)
945 : (PL_dowarn & G_WARN_ON ) ) )
948 /* set up magic where warranted */
952 /* Nothing else to do.
953 The compiler will probably turn the switch statement into a
954 branch table. Make sure we avoid even that small overhead for
955 the common case of lower case variable names. */
959 const char * const name2 = name + 1;
962 if (strEQ(name2, "RGV")) {
963 IoFLAGS(GvIOn(gv)) |= IOf_ARGV|IOf_START;
967 if (strnEQ(name2, "XPORT", 5))
971 if (strEQ(name2, "SA")) {
972 AV* const av = GvAVn(gv);
974 sv_magic((SV*)av, (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_isa, Nullch, 0);
975 /* NOTE: No support for tied ISA */
976 if ((add & GV_ADDMULTI) && strEQ(nambeg,"AnyDBM_File::ISA")
977 && AvFILLp(av) == -1)
980 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "NDBM_File",9));
981 gv_stashpvn(pname, 9, TRUE);
982 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "DB_File",7));
983 gv_stashpvn(pname, 7, TRUE);
984 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "GDBM_File",9));
985 gv_stashpvn(pname, 9, TRUE);
986 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "SDBM_File",9));
987 gv_stashpvn(pname, 9, TRUE);
988 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "ODBM_File",9));
989 gv_stashpvn(pname, 9, TRUE);
994 if (strEQ(name2, "VERLOAD")) {
995 HV* const hv = GvHVn(gv);
997 hv_magic(hv, Nullgv, PERL_MAGIC_overload);
1001 if (strEQ(name2, "IG")) {
1005 Newxz(PL_psig_ptr, SIG_SIZE, SV*);
1006 Newxz(PL_psig_name, SIG_SIZE, SV*);
1007 Newxz(PL_psig_pend, SIG_SIZE, int);
1011 hv_magic(hv, Nullgv, PERL_MAGIC_sig);
1012 for (i = 1; i < SIG_SIZE; i++) {
1013 SV * const * const init = hv_fetch(hv, PL_sig_name[i], strlen(PL_sig_name[i]), 1);
1015 sv_setsv(*init, &PL_sv_undef);
1017 PL_psig_name[i] = 0;
1018 PL_psig_pend[i] = 0;
1023 if (strEQ(name2, "ERSION"))
1026 case '\003': /* $^CHILD_ERROR_NATIVE */
1027 if (strEQ(name2, "HILD_ERROR_NATIVE"))
1030 case '\005': /* $^ENCODING */
1031 if (strEQ(name2, "NCODING"))
1034 case '\017': /* $^OPEN */
1035 if (strEQ(name2, "PEN"))
1038 case '\024': /* ${^TAINT} */
1039 if (strEQ(name2, "AINT"))
1042 case '\025': /* ${^UNICODE}, ${^UTF8LOCALE} */
1043 if (strEQ(name2, "NICODE"))
1045 if (strEQ(name2, "TF8LOCALE"))
1048 case '\027': /* $^WARNING_BITS */
1049 if (strEQ(name2, "ARNING_BITS"))
1062 /* ensures variable is only digits */
1063 /* ${"1foo"} fails this test (and is thus writeable) */
1064 /* added by japhy, but borrowed from is_gv_magical */
1065 const char *end = name + len;
1066 while (--end > name) {
1067 if (!isDIGIT(*end)) return gv;
1074 /* Names of length 1. (Or 0. But name is NUL terminated, so that will
1075 be case '\0' in this switch statement (ie a default case) */
1081 sv_type == SVt_PVAV ||
1082 sv_type == SVt_PVHV ||
1083 sv_type == SVt_PVCV ||
1084 sv_type == SVt_PVFM ||
1087 PL_sawampersand = TRUE;
1091 sv_setpv(GvSVn(gv),PL_chopset);
1095 #ifdef COMPLEX_STATUS
1096 SvUPGRADE(GvSVn(gv), SVt_PVLV);
1102 /* If %! has been used, automatically load Errno.pm.
1103 The require will itself set errno, so in order to
1104 preserve its value we have to set up the magic
1105 now (rather than going to magicalize)
1108 sv_magic(GvSVn(gv), (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, len);
1110 if (sv_type == SVt_PVHV)
1116 AV* const av = GvAVn(gv);
1117 sv_magic((SV*)av, Nullsv, PERL_MAGIC_regdata, Nullch, 0);
1123 if (sv_type == SVt_PV && ckWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX))
1124 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX),
1125 "$%c is no longer supported", *name);
1128 sv_setiv(GvSVn(gv), (IV)(IoFLAGS(GvIOp(PL_defoutgv)) & IOf_FLUSH) != 0);
1133 AV* const av = GvAVn(gv);
1134 sv_magic((SV*)av, (SV*)av, PERL_MAGIC_regdata, Nullch, 0);
1138 case '\023': /* $^S */
1149 SvREADONLY_on(GvSVn(gv));
1164 case '\001': /* $^A */
1165 case '\003': /* $^C */
1166 case '\004': /* $^D */
1167 case '\005': /* $^E */
1168 case '\006': /* $^F */
1169 case '\010': /* $^H */
1170 case '\011': /* $^I, NOT \t in EBCDIC */
1171 case '\016': /* $^N */
1172 case '\017': /* $^O */
1173 case '\020': /* $^P */
1174 case '\024': /* $^T */
1175 case '\027': /* $^W */
1177 sv_magic(GvSVn(gv), (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, len);
1180 case '\014': /* $^L */
1181 sv_setpvn(GvSVn(gv),"\f",1);
1182 PL_formfeed = GvSVn(gv);
1185 sv_setpvn(GvSVn(gv),"\034",1);
1189 SV * const sv = GvSVn(gv);
1190 if (!sv_derived_from(PL_patchlevel, "version"))
1191 upg_version(PL_patchlevel);
1192 GvSV(gv) = vnumify(PL_patchlevel);
1193 SvREADONLY_on(GvSV(gv));
1197 case '\026': /* $^V */
1199 SV * const sv = GvSVn(gv);
1200 GvSV(gv) = new_version(PL_patchlevel);
1201 SvREADONLY_on(GvSV(gv));
1211 Perl_gv_fullname4(pTHX_ SV *sv, const GV *gv, const char *prefix, bool keepmain)
1215 const HV * const hv = GvSTASH(gv);
1220 sv_setpv(sv, prefix ? prefix : "");
1222 name = HvNAME_get(hv);
1224 namelen = HvNAMELEN_get(hv);
1230 if (keepmain || strNE(name, "main")) {
1231 sv_catpvn(sv,name,namelen);
1234 sv_catpvn(sv,GvNAME(gv),GvNAMELEN(gv));
1238 Perl_gv_efullname4(pTHX_ SV *sv, const GV *gv, const char *prefix, bool keepmain)
1240 const GV * const egv = GvEGV(gv);
1241 gv_fullname4(sv, egv ? egv : gv, prefix, keepmain);
1249 IO * const io = (IO*)newSV(0);
1251 sv_upgrade((SV *)io,SVt_PVIO);
1252 /* This used to read SvREFCNT(io) = 1;
1253 It's not clear why the reference count needed an explicit reset. NWC
1255 assert (SvREFCNT(io) == 1);
1257 /* Clear the stashcache because a new IO could overrule a package name */
1258 hv_clear(PL_stashcache);
1259 iogv = gv_fetchpvn_flags("FileHandle::", 12, 0, SVt_PVHV);
1260 /* unless exists($main::{FileHandle}) and defined(%main::FileHandle::) */
1261 if (!(iogv && GvHV(iogv) && HvARRAY(GvHV(iogv))))
1262 iogv = gv_fetchpvn_flags("IO::Handle::", 12, TRUE, SVt_PVHV);
1263 SvSTASH_set(io, (HV*)SvREFCNT_inc(GvHV(iogv)));
1268 Perl_gv_check(pTHX_ HV *stash)
1273 if (!HvARRAY(stash))
1275 for (i = 0; i <= (I32) HvMAX(stash); i++) {
1277 for (entry = HvARRAY(stash)[i]; entry; entry = HeNEXT(entry)) {
1280 if (HeKEY(entry)[HeKLEN(entry)-1] == ':' &&
1281 (gv = (GV*)HeVAL(entry)) && isGV(gv) && (hv = GvHV(gv)))
1283 if (hv != PL_defstash && hv != stash)
1284 gv_check(hv); /* nested package */
1286 else if (isALPHA(*HeKEY(entry))) {
1288 gv = (GV*)HeVAL(entry);
1289 if (SvTYPE(gv) != SVt_PVGV || GvMULTI(gv))
1292 /* performance hack: if filename is absolute and it's a standard
1293 * module, don't bother warning */
1294 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
1295 # define LIB_COMPONENT ":lib:"
1297 # define LIB_COMPONENT "/lib/"
1300 && PERL_FILE_IS_ABSOLUTE(file)
1301 && (instr(file, LIB_COMPONENT) || instr(file, ".pm")))
1305 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, GvLINE(gv));
1307 CopFILE(PL_curcop) = (char *)file; /* set for warning */
1309 CopFILEGV(PL_curcop) = gv_fetchfile(file);
1311 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_ONCE),
1312 "Name \"%s::%s\" used only once: possible typo",
1313 HvNAME_get(stash), GvNAME(gv));
1320 Perl_newGVgen(pTHX_ const char *pack)
1323 return gv_fetchpv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "%s::_GEN_%ld", pack, (long)PL_gensym++),
1327 /* hopefully this is only called on local symbol table entries */
1330 Perl_gp_ref(pTHX_ GP *gp)
1338 /* multi-named GPs cannot be used for method cache */
1339 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_cv);
1344 /* Adding a new name to a subroutine invalidates method cache */
1345 PL_sub_generation++;
1352 Perl_gp_free(pTHX_ GV *gv)
1357 if (!gv || !(gp = GvGP(gv)))
1359 if (gp->gp_refcnt == 0) {
1360 if (ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL))
1361 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
1362 "Attempt to free unreferenced glob pointers"
1363 pTHX__FORMAT pTHX__VALUE);
1367 /* Deleting the name of a subroutine invalidates method cache */
1368 PL_sub_generation++;
1370 if (--gp->gp_refcnt > 0) {
1371 if (gp->gp_egv == gv)
1376 if (gp->gp_sv) SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_sv);
1377 if (gp->gp_av) SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_av);
1378 /* FIXME - another reference loop GV -> symtab -> GV ?
1379 Somehow gp->gp_hv can end up pointing at freed garbage. */
1380 if (gp->gp_hv && SvTYPE(gp->gp_hv) == SVt_PVHV) {
1381 const char *hvname = HvNAME_get(gp->gp_hv);
1382 if (PL_stashcache && hvname)
1383 hv_delete(PL_stashcache, hvname, HvNAMELEN_get(gp->gp_hv),
1385 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_hv);
1387 if (gp->gp_io) SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_io);
1388 if (gp->gp_cv) SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_cv);
1389 if (gp->gp_form) SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_form);
1396 Perl_magic_freeovrld(pTHX_ SV *sv, MAGIC *mg)
1398 AMT * const amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr;
1399 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(sv);
1401 if (amtp && AMT_AMAGIC(amtp)) {
1403 for (i = 1; i < NofAMmeth; i++) {
1404 CV * const cv = amtp->table[i];
1406 SvREFCNT_dec((SV *) cv);
1407 amtp->table[i] = Nullcv;
1414 /* Updates and caches the CV's */
1417 Perl_Gv_AMupdate(pTHX_ HV *stash)
1420 MAGIC* const mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1421 AMT * const amtp = (mg) ? (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr: (AMT *) NULL;
1424 if (mg && amtp->was_ok_am == PL_amagic_generation
1425 && amtp->was_ok_sub == PL_sub_generation)
1426 return (bool)AMT_OVERLOADED(amtp);
1427 sv_unmagic((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1429 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Recalcing overload magic in package %s\n",HvNAME_get(stash)) );
1432 amt.was_ok_am = PL_amagic_generation;
1433 amt.was_ok_sub = PL_sub_generation;
1434 amt.fallback = AMGfallNO;
1438 int filled = 0, have_ovl = 0;
1441 /* Work with "fallback" key, which we assume to be first in PL_AMG_names */
1443 /* Try to find via inheritance. */
1444 GV *gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, PL_AMG_names[0], 2, -1);
1445 SV * const sv = gv ? GvSV(gv) : NULL;
1449 lim = DESTROY_amg; /* Skip overloading entries. */
1450 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
1452 /* Equivalent to !SvTRUE and !SvOK */
1455 else if (SvTRUE(sv))
1456 amt.fallback=AMGfallYES;
1458 amt.fallback=AMGfallNEVER;
1460 for (i = 1; i < lim; i++)
1461 amt.table[i] = Nullcv;
1462 for (; i < NofAMmeth; i++) {
1463 const char * const cooky = PL_AMG_names[i];
1464 /* Human-readable form, for debugging: */
1465 const char * const cp = (i >= DESTROY_amg ? cooky : AMG_id2name(i));
1466 const STRLEN l = strlen(cooky);
1468 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Checking overloading of \"%s\" in package \"%.256s\"\n",
1469 cp, HvNAME_get(stash)) );
1470 /* don't fill the cache while looking up!
1471 Creation of inheritance stubs in intermediate packages may
1472 conflict with the logic of runtime method substitution.
1473 Indeed, for inheritance A -> B -> C, if C overloads "+0",
1474 then we could have created stubs for "(+0" in A and C too.
1475 But if B overloads "bool", we may want to use it for
1476 numifying instead of C's "+0". */
1477 if (i >= DESTROY_amg)
1478 gv = Perl_gv_fetchmeth_autoload(aTHX_ stash, cooky, l, 0);
1479 else /* Autoload taken care of below */
1480 gv = Perl_gv_fetchmeth(aTHX_ stash, cooky, l, -1);
1482 if (gv && (cv = GvCV(gv))) {
1484 if (GvNAMELEN(CvGV(cv)) == 3 && strEQ(GvNAME(CvGV(cv)), "nil")
1485 && strEQ(hvname = HvNAME_get(GvSTASH(CvGV(cv))), "overload")) {
1486 /* This is a hack to support autoloading..., while
1487 knowing *which* methods were declared as overloaded. */
1488 /* GvSV contains the name of the method. */
1490 SV *gvsv = GvSV(gv);
1492 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Resolving method \"%"SVf256\
1493 "\" for overloaded \"%s\" in package \"%.256s\"\n",
1494 GvSV(gv), cp, hvname) );
1495 if (!gvsv || !SvPOK(gvsv)
1496 || !(ngv = gv_fetchmethod_autoload(stash, SvPVX_const(gvsv),
1499 /* Can be an import stub (created by "can"). */
1500 const char * const name = (gvsv && SvPOK(gvsv)) ? SvPVX_const(gvsv) : "???";
1501 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s method \"%.256s\" overloading \"%s\" "\
1502 "in package \"%.256s\"",
1503 (GvCVGEN(gv) ? "Stub found while resolving"
1507 cv = GvCV(gv = ngv);
1509 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Overloading \"%s\" in package \"%.256s\" via \"%.256s::%.256s\"\n",
1510 cp, HvNAME_get(stash), HvNAME_get(GvSTASH(CvGV(cv))),
1511 GvNAME(CvGV(cv))) );
1513 if (i < DESTROY_amg)
1515 } else if (gv) { /* Autoloaded... */
1519 amt.table[i]=(CV*)SvREFCNT_inc(cv);
1522 AMT_AMAGIC_on(&amt);
1524 AMT_OVERLOADED_on(&amt);
1525 sv_magic((SV*)stash, 0, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table,
1526 (char*)&amt, sizeof(AMT));
1530 /* Here we have no table: */
1532 AMT_AMAGIC_off(&amt);
1533 sv_magic((SV*)stash, 0, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table,
1534 (char*)&amt, sizeof(AMTS));
1540 Perl_gv_handler(pTHX_ HV *stash, I32 id)
1546 if (!stash || !HvNAME_get(stash))
1548 mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1552 mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1554 amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr;
1555 if ( amtp->was_ok_am != PL_amagic_generation
1556 || amtp->was_ok_sub != PL_sub_generation )
1558 if (AMT_AMAGIC(amtp)) {
1559 CV * const ret = amtp->table[id];
1560 if (ret && isGV(ret)) { /* Autoloading stab */
1561 /* Passing it through may have resulted in a warning
1562 "Inherited AUTOLOAD for a non-method deprecated", since
1563 our caller is going through a function call, not a method call.
1564 So return the CV for AUTOLOAD, setting $AUTOLOAD. */
1565 GV * const gv = gv_fetchmethod(stash, PL_AMG_names[id]);
1578 Perl_amagic_call(pTHX_ SV *left, SV *right, int method, int flags)
1583 CV **cvp=NULL, **ocvp=NULL;
1584 AMT *amtp=NULL, *oamtp=NULL;
1585 int off = 0, off1, lr = 0, notfound = 0;
1586 int postpr = 0, force_cpy = 0;
1587 int assign = AMGf_assign & flags;
1588 const int assignshift = assign ? 1 : 0;
1593 if (!(AMGf_noleft & flags) && SvAMAGIC(left)
1594 && (stash = SvSTASH(SvRV(left)))
1595 && (mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table))
1596 && (ocvp = cvp = (AMT_AMAGIC((AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)
1597 ? (oamtp = amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)->table
1599 && ((cv = cvp[off=method+assignshift])
1600 || (assign && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER && /* fallback to
1606 cv = cvp[off=method])))) {
1607 lr = -1; /* Call method for left argument */
1609 if (cvp && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER && flags & AMGf_unary) {
1612 /* look for substituted methods */
1613 /* In all the covered cases we should be called with assign==0. */
1617 if ((cv = cvp[off=add_ass_amg])
1618 || ((cv = cvp[off = add_amg]) && (force_cpy = 0, postpr = 1))) {
1619 right = &PL_sv_yes; lr = -1; assign = 1;
1624 if ((cv = cvp[off = subtr_ass_amg])
1625 || ((cv = cvp[off = subtr_amg]) && (force_cpy = 0, postpr=1))) {
1626 right = &PL_sv_yes; lr = -1; assign = 1;
1630 (void)((cv = cvp[off=numer_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=string_amg]));
1633 (void)((cv = cvp[off=string_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=bool__amg]));
1636 (void)((cv = cvp[off=numer_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=bool__amg]));
1639 (void)((cv = cvp[off=bool__amg])
1640 || (cv = cvp[off=numer_amg])
1641 || (cv = cvp[off=string_amg]));
1647 * SV* ref causes confusion with the interpreter variable of
1650 SV* const tmpRef=SvRV(left);
1651 if (!SvROK(tmpRef) && SvTYPE(tmpRef) <= SVt_PVMG) {
1653 * Just to be extra cautious. Maybe in some
1654 * additional cases sv_setsv is safe, too.
1656 SV* const newref = newSVsv(tmpRef);
1657 SvOBJECT_on(newref);
1658 SvSTASH_set(newref, (HV*)SvREFCNT_inc(SvSTASH(tmpRef)));
1664 if ((cvp[off1=lt_amg] || cvp[off1=ncmp_amg])
1665 && ((cv = cvp[off=neg_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=subtr_amg]))) {
1666 SV* const nullsv=sv_2mortal(newSViv(0));
1668 SV* const lessp = amagic_call(left,nullsv,
1669 lt_amg,AMGf_noright);
1670 logic = SvTRUE(lessp);
1672 SV* const lessp = amagic_call(left,nullsv,
1673 ncmp_amg,AMGf_noright);
1674 logic = (SvNV(lessp) < 0);
1677 if (off==subtr_amg) {
1688 if ((cv = cvp[off=subtr_amg])) {
1690 left = sv_2mortal(newSViv(0));
1695 case iter_amg: /* XXXX Eventually should do to_gv. */
1697 return NULL; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
1705 return left; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
1710 if (!cv) goto not_found;
1711 } else if (!(AMGf_noright & flags) && SvAMAGIC(right)
1712 && (stash = SvSTASH(SvRV(right)))
1713 && (mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table))
1714 && (cvp = (AMT_AMAGIC((AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)
1715 ? (amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)->table
1717 && (cv = cvp[off=method])) { /* Method for right
1720 } else if (((ocvp && oamtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER
1721 && (cvp=ocvp) && (lr = -1))
1722 || (cvp && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER && (lr=1)))
1723 && !(flags & AMGf_unary)) {
1724 /* We look for substitution for
1725 * comparison operations and
1727 if (method==concat_amg || method==concat_ass_amg
1728 || method==repeat_amg || method==repeat_ass_amg) {
1729 return NULL; /* Delegate operation to string conversion */
1739 postpr = 1; off=ncmp_amg; break;
1746 postpr = 1; off=scmp_amg; break;
1748 if (off != -1) cv = cvp[off];
1753 not_found: /* No method found, either report or croak */
1761 return left; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
1764 if (ocvp && (cv=ocvp[nomethod_amg])) { /* Call report method */
1765 notfound = 1; lr = -1;
1766 } else if (cvp && (cv=cvp[nomethod_amg])) {
1767 notfound = 1; lr = 1;
1770 if (off==-1) off=method;
1771 msg = sv_2mortal(Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_
1772 "Operation \"%s\": no method found,%sargument %s%s%s%s",
1773 AMG_id2name(method + assignshift),
1774 (flags & AMGf_unary ? " " : "\n\tleft "),
1776 "in overloaded package ":
1777 "has no overloaded magic",
1779 HvNAME_get(SvSTASH(SvRV(left))):
1782 ",\n\tright argument in overloaded package ":
1785 : ",\n\tright argument has no overloaded magic"),
1787 HvNAME_get(SvSTASH(SvRV(right))):
1789 if (amtp && amtp->fallback >= AMGfallYES) {
1790 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "%s", SvPVX_const(msg)) );
1792 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%"SVf, msg);
1796 force_cpy = force_cpy || assign;
1801 DEBUG_o(Perl_deb(aTHX_
1802 "Overloaded operator \"%s\"%s%s%s:\n\tmethod%s found%s in package %s%s\n",
1804 method+assignshift==off? "" :
1806 method+assignshift==off? "" :
1807 AMG_id2name(method+assignshift),
1808 method+assignshift==off? "" : "\")",
1809 flags & AMGf_unary? "" :
1810 lr==1 ? " for right argument": " for left argument",
1811 flags & AMGf_unary? " for argument" : "",
1812 stash ? HvNAME_get(stash) : "null",
1813 fl? ",\n\tassignment variant used": "") );
1816 /* Since we use shallow copy during assignment, we need
1817 * to dublicate the contents, probably calling user-supplied
1818 * version of copy operator
1820 /* We need to copy in following cases:
1821 * a) Assignment form was called.
1822 * assignshift==1, assign==T, method + 1 == off
1823 * b) Increment or decrement, called directly.
1824 * assignshift==0, assign==0, method + 0 == off
1825 * c) Increment or decrement, translated to assignment add/subtr.
1826 * assignshift==0, assign==T,
1828 * d) Increment or decrement, translated to nomethod.
1829 * assignshift==0, assign==0,
1831 * e) Assignment form translated to nomethod.
1832 * assignshift==1, assign==T, method + 1 != off
1835 /* off is method, method+assignshift, or a result of opcode substitution.
1836 * In the latter case assignshift==0, so only notfound case is important.
1838 if (( (method + assignshift == off)
1839 && (assign || (method == inc_amg) || (method == dec_amg)))
1846 const bool oldcatch = CATCH_GET;
1849 Zero(&myop, 1, BINOP);
1850 myop.op_last = (OP *) &myop;
1851 myop.op_next = Nullop;
1852 myop.op_flags = OPf_WANT_SCALAR | OPf_STACKED;
1854 PUSHSTACKi(PERLSI_OVERLOAD);
1857 PL_op = (OP *) &myop;
1858 if (PERLDB_SUB && PL_curstash != PL_debstash)
1859 PL_op->op_private |= OPpENTERSUB_DB;
1863 EXTEND(SP, notfound + 5);
1864 PUSHs(lr>0? right: left);
1865 PUSHs(lr>0? left: right);
1866 PUSHs( lr > 0 ? &PL_sv_yes : ( assign ? &PL_sv_undef : &PL_sv_no ));
1868 PUSHs( sv_2mortal(newSVpv(AMG_id2name(method + assignshift),0)));
1873 if ((PL_op = Perl_pp_entersub(aTHX)))
1881 CATCH_SET(oldcatch);
1888 ans=SvIV(res)<=0; break;
1891 ans=SvIV(res)<0; break;
1894 ans=SvIV(res)>=0; break;
1897 ans=SvIV(res)>0; break;
1900 ans=SvIV(res)==0; break;
1903 ans=SvIV(res)!=0; break;
1906 SvSetSV(left,res); return left;
1908 ans=!SvTRUE(res); break;
1913 } else if (method==copy_amg) {
1915 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Copy method did not return a reference");
1917 return SvREFCNT_inc(SvRV(res));
1925 =for apidoc is_gv_magical_sv
1927 Returns C<TRUE> if given the name of a magical GV. Calls is_gv_magical.
1933 Perl_is_gv_magical_sv(pTHX_ SV *name, U32 flags)
1936 const char * const temp = SvPV_const(name, len);
1937 return is_gv_magical(temp, len, flags);
1941 =for apidoc is_gv_magical
1943 Returns C<TRUE> if given the name of a magical GV.
1945 Currently only useful internally when determining if a GV should be
1946 created even in rvalue contexts.
1948 C<flags> is not used at present but available for future extension to
1949 allow selecting particular classes of magical variable.
1951 Currently assumes that C<name> is NUL terminated (as well as len being valid).
1952 This assumption is met by all callers within the perl core, which all pass
1953 pointers returned by SvPV.
1958 Perl_is_gv_magical(pTHX_ const char *name, STRLEN len, U32 flags)
1960 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(flags);
1963 const char * const name1 = name + 1;
1966 if (len == 3 && name1[1] == 'S' && name[2] == 'A')
1970 if (len == 8 && strEQ(name1, "VERLOAD"))
1974 if (len == 3 && name[1] == 'I' && name[2] == 'G')
1977 /* Using ${^...} variables is likely to be sufficiently rare that
1978 it seems sensible to avoid the space hit of also checking the
1980 case '\017': /* ${^OPEN} */
1981 if (strEQ(name1, "PEN"))
1984 case '\024': /* ${^TAINT} */
1985 if (strEQ(name1, "AINT"))
1988 case '\025': /* ${^UNICODE} */
1989 if (strEQ(name1, "NICODE"))
1991 if (strEQ(name1, "TF8LOCALE"))
1994 case '\027': /* ${^WARNING_BITS} */
1995 if (strEQ(name1, "ARNING_BITS"))
2008 const char *end = name + len;
2009 while (--end > name) {
2017 /* Because we're already assuming that name is NUL terminated
2018 below, we can treat an empty name as "\0" */
2045 case '\001': /* $^A */
2046 case '\003': /* $^C */
2047 case '\004': /* $^D */
2048 case '\005': /* $^E */
2049 case '\006': /* $^F */
2050 case '\010': /* $^H */
2051 case '\011': /* $^I, NOT \t in EBCDIC */
2052 case '\014': /* $^L */
2053 case '\016': /* $^N */
2054 case '\017': /* $^O */
2055 case '\020': /* $^P */
2056 case '\023': /* $^S */
2057 case '\024': /* $^T */
2058 case '\026': /* $^V */
2059 case '\027': /* $^W */
2080 * c-indentation-style: bsd
2082 * indent-tabs-mode: t
2085 * ex: set ts=8 sts=4 sw=4 noet: