3 * Copyright (C) 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
4 * 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, by Larry Wall and others
6 * You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
7 * License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
12 * 'Mercy!' cried Gandalf. 'If the giving of information is to be the cure
13 * of your inquisitiveness, I shall spend all the rest of my days answering
14 * you. What more do you want to know?'
15 * 'The names of all the stars, and of all living things, and the whole
16 * history of Middle-earth and Over-heaven and of the Sundering Seas,'
23 A GV is a structure which corresponds to to a Perl typeglob, ie *foo.
24 It is a structure that holds a pointer to a scalar, an array, a hash etc,
25 corresponding to $foo, @foo, %foo.
27 GVs are usually found as values in stashes (symbol table hashes) where
28 Perl stores its global variables.
37 static const char S_autoload[] = "AUTOLOAD";
38 static const STRLEN S_autolen = sizeof(S_autoload)-1;
41 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
43 Perl_gv_SVadd(pTHX_ GV *gv)
45 if (!gv || SvTYPE((SV*)gv) != SVt_PVGV)
46 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for scalar");
54 Perl_gv_AVadd(pTHX_ register GV *gv)
56 if (!gv || SvTYPE((SV*)gv) != SVt_PVGV)
57 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for array");
64 Perl_gv_HVadd(pTHX_ register GV *gv)
66 if (!gv || SvTYPE((SV*)gv) != SVt_PVGV)
67 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for hash");
74 Perl_gv_IOadd(pTHX_ register GV *gv)
77 if (!gv || SvTYPE((SV*)gv) != SVt_PVGV) {
80 * if it walks like a dirhandle, then let's assume that
81 * this is a dirhandle.
83 const char * const fh =
84 PL_op->op_type == OP_READDIR ||
85 PL_op->op_type == OP_TELLDIR ||
86 PL_op->op_type == OP_SEEKDIR ||
87 PL_op->op_type == OP_REWINDDIR ||
88 PL_op->op_type == OP_CLOSEDIR ?
89 "dirhandle" : "filehandle";
90 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for %s", fh);
94 #ifdef GV_UNIQUE_CHECK
96 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for filehandle (GV is unique)");
105 Perl_gv_fetchfile(pTHX_ const char *name)
107 return gv_fetchfile_flags(name, strlen(name), 0);
111 Perl_gv_fetchfile_flags(pTHX_ const char *const name, const STRLEN namelen,
117 const STRLEN tmplen = namelen + 2;
120 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(flags);
125 if (tmplen <= sizeof smallbuf)
128 Newx(tmpbuf, tmplen, char);
129 /* This is where the debugger's %{"::_<$filename"} hash is created */
132 memcpy(tmpbuf + 2, name, namelen);
133 gv = *(GV**)hv_fetch(PL_defstash, tmpbuf, tmplen, TRUE);
135 gv_init(gv, PL_defstash, tmpbuf, tmplen, FALSE);
136 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
137 GvSV(gv) = newSVpvn(name, namelen);
139 sv_setpvn(GvSV(gv), name, namelen);
142 hv_magic(GvHVn(gv_AVadd(gv)), NULL, PERL_MAGIC_dbfile);
144 if (tmpbuf != smallbuf)
150 =for apidoc gv_const_sv
152 If C<gv> is a typeglob whose subroutine entry is a constant sub eligible for
153 inlining, or C<gv> is a placeholder reference that would be promoted to such
154 a typeglob, then returns the value returned by the sub. Otherwise, returns
161 Perl_gv_const_sv(pTHX_ GV *gv)
163 if (SvTYPE(gv) == SVt_PVGV)
164 return cv_const_sv(GvCVu(gv));
165 return SvROK(gv) ? SvRV(gv) : NULL;
169 Perl_newGP(pTHX_ GV *const gv)
172 const char *const file
173 = (PL_curcop && CopFILE(PL_curcop)) ? CopFILE(PL_curcop) : "";
174 STRLEN len = strlen(file);
177 PERL_HASH(hash, file, len);
181 #ifndef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
182 gp->gp_sv = newSV(0);
185 gp->gp_line = PL_curcop ? CopLINE(PL_curcop) : 0;
186 /* XXX Ideally this cast would be replaced with a change to const char*
188 gp->gp_file_hek = share_hek(file, len, hash);
196 Perl_gv_init(pTHX_ GV *gv, HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, int multi)
199 const U32 old_type = SvTYPE(gv);
200 const bool doproto = old_type > SVt_NULL;
201 const char * const proto = (doproto && SvPOK(gv)) ? SvPVX_const(gv) : NULL;
202 SV *const has_constant = doproto && SvROK(gv) ? SvRV(gv) : NULL;
203 const U32 exported_constant = has_constant ? SvPCS_IMPORTED(gv) : 0;
205 assert (!(proto && has_constant));
208 /* The constant has to be a simple scalar type. */
209 switch (SvTYPE(has_constant)) {
215 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Cannot convert a reference to %s to typeglob",
216 sv_reftype(has_constant, 0));
224 if (old_type < SVt_PVGV) {
225 if (old_type >= SVt_PV)
227 sv_upgrade((SV*)gv, SVt_PVGV);
235 Safefree(SvPVX_mutable(gv));
240 GvGP(gv) = Perl_newGP(aTHX_ gv);
243 Perl_sv_add_backref(aTHX_ (SV*)stash, (SV*)gv);
244 gv_name_set(gv, name, len, GV_ADD);
245 if (multi || doproto) /* doproto means it _was_ mentioned */
247 if (doproto) { /* Replicate part of newSUB here. */
250 /* newCONSTSUB takes ownership of the reference from us. */
251 GvCV(gv) = newCONSTSUB(stash, name, has_constant);
252 /* If this reference was a copy of another, then the subroutine
253 must have been "imported", by a Perl space assignment to a GV
254 from a reference to CV. */
255 if (exported_constant)
256 GvIMPORTED_CV_on(gv);
258 (void) start_subparse(0,0); /* Create empty CV in compcv. */
259 GvCV(gv) = PL_compcv;
265 CvFILE_set_from_cop(GvCV(gv), PL_curcop);
266 CvSTASH(GvCV(gv)) = PL_curstash;
268 sv_setpv((SV*)GvCV(gv), proto);
275 S_gv_init_sv(pTHX_ GV *gv, I32 sv_type)
287 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
300 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth
302 Returns the glob with the given C<name> and a defined subroutine or
303 C<NULL>. The glob lives in the given C<stash>, or in the stashes
304 accessible via @ISA and UNIVERSAL::.
306 The argument C<level> should be either 0 or -1. If C<level==0>, as a
307 side-effect creates a glob with the given C<name> in the given C<stash>
308 which in the case of success contains an alias for the subroutine, and sets
309 up caching info for this glob. Similarly for all the searched stashes.
311 This function grants C<"SUPER"> token as a postfix of the stash name. The
312 GV returned from C<gv_fetchmeth> may be a method cache entry, which is not
313 visible to Perl code. So when calling C<call_sv>, you should not use
314 the GV directly; instead, you should use the method's CV, which can be
315 obtained from the GV with the C<GvCV> macro.
321 Perl_gv_fetchmeth(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, I32 level)
330 HV* lastchance = NULL;
332 /* UNIVERSAL methods should be callable without a stash */
334 level = -1; /* probably appropriate */
335 if(!(stash = gv_stashpvs("UNIVERSAL", 0)))
339 hvname = HvNAME_get(stash);
342 "Can't use anonymous symbol table for method lookup");
344 if ((level > 100) || (level < -100))
345 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Recursive inheritance detected while looking for method '%s' in package '%s'",
348 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Looking for method %s in package %s\n",name,hvname) );
350 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash, name, len, (level >= 0));
355 if (SvTYPE(topgv) != SVt_PVGV)
356 gv_init(topgv, stash, name, len, TRUE);
357 if ((cv = GvCV(topgv))) {
358 /* If genuine method or valid cache entry, use it */
359 if (!GvCVGEN(topgv) || GvCVGEN(topgv) == PL_sub_generation)
361 /* Stale cached entry: junk it */
363 GvCV(topgv) = cv = NULL;
366 else if (GvCVGEN(topgv) == PL_sub_generation)
367 return 0; /* cache indicates sub doesn't exist */
370 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetchs(stash, "ISA", FALSE);
371 av = (gvp && (gv = *gvp) && isGV_with_GP(gv)) ? GvAV(gv) : NULL;
373 /* create and re-create @.*::SUPER::ISA on demand */
374 if (!av || !SvMAGIC(av)) {
375 STRLEN packlen = HvNAMELEN_get(stash);
377 if (packlen >= 7 && strEQ(hvname + packlen - 7, "::SUPER")) {
381 basestash = gv_stashpvn(hvname, packlen, GV_ADD);
382 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetchs(basestash, "ISA", FALSE);
383 if (gvp && (gv = *gvp) && isGV_with_GP(gv) && (av = GvAV(gv))) {
384 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetchs(stash, "ISA", TRUE);
385 if (!gvp || !(gv = *gvp))
386 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Cannot create %s::ISA", hvname);
387 if (SvTYPE(gv) != SVt_PVGV)
388 gv_init(gv, stash, "ISA", 3, TRUE);
389 SvREFCNT_dec(GvAV(gv));
390 GvAV(gv) = (AV*)SvREFCNT_inc_simple(av);
396 SV** svp = AvARRAY(av);
397 /* NOTE: No support for tied ISA */
398 I32 items = AvFILLp(av) + 1;
400 SV* const sv = *svp++;
401 HV* const basestash = gv_stashsv(sv, 0);
403 if (ckWARN(WARN_MISC))
404 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_MISC), "Can't locate package %"SVf" for @%s::ISA",
408 gv = gv_fetchmeth(basestash, name, len,
409 (level >= 0) ? level + 1 : level - 1);
415 /* if at top level, try UNIVERSAL */
417 if (level == 0 || level == -1) {
418 lastchance = gv_stashpvs("UNIVERSAL", 0);
421 if ((gv = gv_fetchmeth(lastchance, name, len,
422 (level >= 0) ? level + 1 : level - 1)))
426 * Cache method in topgv if:
427 * 1. topgv has no synonyms (else inheritance crosses wires)
428 * 2. method isn't a stub (else AUTOLOAD fails spectacularly)
431 GvREFCNT(topgv) == 1 &&
433 (CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv)))
435 if ((cv = GvCV(topgv)))
437 GvCV(topgv) = (CV*)SvREFCNT_inc(GvCV(gv));
438 GvCVGEN(topgv) = PL_sub_generation;
442 else if (topgv && GvREFCNT(topgv) == 1) {
443 /* cache the fact that the method is not defined */
444 GvCVGEN(topgv) = PL_sub_generation;
453 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth_autoload
455 Same as gv_fetchmeth(), but looks for autoloaded subroutines too.
456 Returns a glob for the subroutine.
458 For an autoloaded subroutine without a GV, will create a GV even
459 if C<level < 0>. For an autoloaded subroutine without a stub, GvCV()
460 of the result may be zero.
466 Perl_gv_fetchmeth_autoload(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, I32 level)
468 GV *gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, name, len, level);
475 return NULL; /* UNIVERSAL::AUTOLOAD could cause trouble */
476 if (len == S_autolen && strnEQ(name, S_autoload, S_autolen))
478 if (!(gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, S_autoload, S_autolen, FALSE)))
481 if (!(CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv)))
483 /* Have an autoload */
484 if (level < 0) /* Cannot do without a stub */
485 gv_fetchmeth(stash, name, len, 0);
486 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash, name, len, (level >= 0));
495 =for apidoc gv_fetchmethod_autoload
497 Returns the glob which contains the subroutine to call to invoke the method
498 on the C<stash>. In fact in the presence of autoloading this may be the
499 glob for "AUTOLOAD". In this case the corresponding variable $AUTOLOAD is
502 The third parameter of C<gv_fetchmethod_autoload> determines whether
503 AUTOLOAD lookup is performed if the given method is not present: non-zero
504 means yes, look for AUTOLOAD; zero means no, don't look for AUTOLOAD.
505 Calling C<gv_fetchmethod> is equivalent to calling C<gv_fetchmethod_autoload>
506 with a non-zero C<autoload> parameter.
508 These functions grant C<"SUPER"> token as a prefix of the method name. Note
509 that if you want to keep the returned glob for a long time, you need to
510 check for it being "AUTOLOAD", since at the later time the call may load a
511 different subroutine due to $AUTOLOAD changing its value. Use the glob
512 created via a side effect to do this.
514 These functions have the same side-effects and as C<gv_fetchmeth> with
515 C<level==0>. C<name> should be writable if contains C<':'> or C<'
516 ''>. The warning against passing the GV returned by C<gv_fetchmeth> to
517 C<call_sv> apply equally to these functions.
523 Perl_gv_fetchmethod_autoload(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, I32 autoload)
526 register const char *nend;
527 const char *nsplit = NULL;
531 if (stash && SvTYPE(stash) < SVt_PVHV)
534 for (nend = name; *nend; nend++) {
537 else if (*nend == ':' && *(nend + 1) == ':')
541 const char * const origname = name;
545 if ((nsplit - origname) == 5 && strnEQ(origname, "SUPER", 5)) {
546 /* ->SUPER::method should really be looked up in original stash */
547 SV * const tmpstr = sv_2mortal(Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_ "%s::SUPER",
548 CopSTASHPV(PL_curcop)));
549 /* __PACKAGE__::SUPER stash should be autovivified */
550 stash = gv_stashpvn(SvPVX_const(tmpstr), SvCUR(tmpstr), GV_ADD);
551 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Treating %s as %s::%s\n",
552 origname, HvNAME_get(stash), name) );
555 /* don't autovifify if ->NoSuchStash::method */
556 stash = gv_stashpvn(origname, nsplit - origname, 0);
558 /* however, explicit calls to Pkg::SUPER::method may
559 happen, and may require autovivification to work */
560 if (!stash && (nsplit - origname) >= 7 &&
561 strnEQ(nsplit - 7, "::SUPER", 7) &&
562 gv_stashpvn(origname, nsplit - origname - 7, 0))
563 stash = gv_stashpvn(origname, nsplit - origname, GV_ADD);
568 gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, name, nend - name, 0);
570 if (strEQ(name,"import") || strEQ(name,"unimport"))
571 gv = (GV*)&PL_sv_yes;
573 gv = gv_autoload4(ostash, name, nend - name, TRUE);
576 CV* const cv = GvCV(gv);
577 if (!CvROOT(cv) && !CvXSUB(cv)) {
585 if (GvCV(stubgv) != cv) /* orphaned import */
588 autogv = gv_autoload4(GvSTASH(stubgv),
589 GvNAME(stubgv), GvNAMELEN(stubgv), TRUE);
599 Perl_gv_autoload4(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, I32 method)
607 const char *packname = "";
608 STRLEN packname_len = 0;
610 if (len == S_autolen && strnEQ(name, S_autoload, S_autolen))
613 if (SvTYPE(stash) < SVt_PVHV) {
614 packname = SvPV_const((SV*)stash, packname_len);
618 packname = HvNAME_get(stash);
619 packname_len = HvNAMELEN_get(stash);
622 if (!(gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, S_autoload, S_autolen, FALSE)))
626 if (!(CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv)))
630 * Inheriting AUTOLOAD for non-methods works ... for now.
632 if (!method && (GvCVGEN(gv) || GvSTASH(gv) != stash)
633 && ckWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX)
635 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX),
636 "Use of inherited AUTOLOAD for non-method %s::%.*s() is deprecated",
637 packname, (int)len, name);
640 /* rather than lookup/init $AUTOLOAD here
641 * only to have the XSUB do another lookup for $AUTOLOAD
642 * and split that value on the last '::',
643 * pass along the same data via some unused fields in the CV
646 SvPV_set(cv, (char *)name); /* cast to lose constness warning */
652 * Given &FOO::AUTOLOAD, set $FOO::AUTOLOAD to desired function name.
653 * The subroutine's original name may not be "AUTOLOAD", so we don't
654 * use that, but for lack of anything better we will use the sub's
655 * original package to look up $AUTOLOAD.
657 varstash = GvSTASH(CvGV(cv));
658 vargv = *(GV**)hv_fetch(varstash, S_autoload, S_autolen, TRUE);
662 gv_init(vargv, varstash, S_autoload, S_autolen, FALSE);
663 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
664 GvSV(vargv) = newSV(0);
668 varsv = GvSVn(vargv);
669 sv_setpvn(varsv, packname, packname_len);
670 sv_catpvs(varsv, "::");
671 sv_catpvn(varsv, name, len);
676 /* require_tie_mod() internal routine for requiring a module
677 * that implements the logic of automatical ties like %! and %-
679 * The "gv" parameter should be the glob.
680 * "varpv" holds the name of the var, used for error messages.
681 * "namesv" holds the module name. Its refcount will be decremented.
682 * "methpv" holds the method name to test for to check that things
683 * are working reasonably close to as expected.
684 * "flags": if flag & 1 then save the scalar before loading.
685 * For the protection of $! to work (it is set by this routine)
686 * the sv slot must already be magicalized.
689 S_require_tie_mod(pTHX_ GV *gv, const char *varpv, SV* namesv, const char *methpv,const U32 flags)
692 HV* stash = gv_stashsv(namesv, 0);
694 if (!stash || !(gv_fetchmethod(stash, methpv))) {
695 SV *module = newSVsv(namesv);
696 char varname = *varpv; /* varpv might be clobbered by load_module,
697 so save it. For the moment it's always
704 Perl_load_module(aTHX_ PERL_LOADMOD_NOIMPORT, module, NULL);
707 stash = gv_stashsv(namesv, 0);
709 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: Can't use %%%c because %"SVf" is not available",
710 varname, SVfARG(namesv));
711 else if (!gv_fetchmethod(stash, methpv))
712 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: Can't use %%%c because %"SVf" does not support method %s",
713 varname, SVfARG(namesv), methpv);
715 SvREFCNT_dec(namesv);
720 =for apidoc gv_stashpv
722 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package. Uses C<strlen> to
723 determine the length of C<name>, then calls C<gv_stashpvn()>.
729 Perl_gv_stashpv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
731 return gv_stashpvn(name, strlen(name), create);
735 =for apidoc gv_stashpvn
737 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package. The C<namelen>
738 parameter indicates the length of the C<name>, in bytes. C<flags> is passed
739 to C<gv_fetchpvn_flags()>, so if set to C<GV_ADD> then the package will be
740 created if it does not already exist. If the package does not exist and
741 C<flags> is 0 (or any other setting that does not create packages) then NULL
749 Perl_gv_stashpvn(pTHX_ const char *name, U32 namelen, I32 flags)
756 if (namelen + 2 <= sizeof smallbuf)
759 Newx(tmpbuf, namelen + 2, char);
760 Copy(name,tmpbuf,namelen,char);
761 tmpbuf[namelen++] = ':';
762 tmpbuf[namelen++] = ':';
763 tmpgv = gv_fetchpvn_flags(tmpbuf, namelen, flags, SVt_PVHV);
764 if (tmpbuf != smallbuf)
769 GvHV(tmpgv) = newHV();
771 if (!HvNAME_get(stash))
772 hv_name_set(stash, name, namelen, 0);
777 =for apidoc gv_stashsv
779 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package. See C<gv_stashpvn>.
785 Perl_gv_stashsv(pTHX_ SV *sv, I32 flags)
788 const char * const ptr = SvPV_const(sv,len);
789 return gv_stashpvn(ptr, len, flags);
794 Perl_gv_fetchpv(pTHX_ const char *nambeg, I32 add, I32 sv_type) {
795 return gv_fetchpvn_flags(nambeg, strlen(nambeg), add, sv_type);
799 Perl_gv_fetchsv(pTHX_ SV *name, I32 flags, I32 sv_type) {
801 const char * const nambeg = SvPV_const(name, len);
802 return gv_fetchpvn_flags(nambeg, len, flags | SvUTF8(name), sv_type);
806 Perl_gv_fetchpvn_flags(pTHX_ const char *nambeg, STRLEN full_len, I32 flags,
810 register const char *name = nambeg;
811 register GV *gv = NULL;
814 register const char *name_cursor;
816 const I32 no_init = flags & (GV_NOADD_NOINIT | GV_NOINIT);
817 const I32 no_expand = flags & GV_NOEXPAND;
818 const I32 add = flags & ~GV_NOADD_MASK;
819 const char *const name_end = nambeg + full_len;
820 const char *const name_em1 = name_end - 1;
822 if (flags & GV_NOTQUAL) {
823 /* Caller promised that there is no stash, so we can skip the check. */
828 if (full_len > 2 && *name == '*' && isALPHA(name[1])) {
829 /* accidental stringify on a GV? */
833 for (name_cursor = name; name_cursor < name_end; name_cursor++) {
834 if ((*name_cursor == ':' && name_cursor < name_em1
835 && name_cursor[1] == ':')
836 || (*name_cursor == '\'' && name_cursor[1]))
840 if (!stash || !SvREFCNT(stash)) /* symbol table under destruction */
843 len = name_cursor - name;
848 if (len + 2 <= (I32)sizeof (smallbuf))
851 Newx(tmpbuf, len+2, char);
852 Copy(name, tmpbuf, len, char);
855 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash,tmpbuf,len,add);
856 gv = gvp ? *gvp : NULL;
857 if (gv && gv != (GV*)&PL_sv_undef) {
858 if (SvTYPE(gv) != SVt_PVGV)
859 gv_init(gv, stash, tmpbuf, len, (add & GV_ADDMULTI));
863 if (tmpbuf != smallbuf)
865 if (!gv || gv == (GV*)&PL_sv_undef)
868 if (!(stash = GvHV(gv)))
869 stash = GvHV(gv) = newHV();
871 if (!HvNAME_get(stash))
872 hv_name_set(stash, nambeg, name_cursor - nambeg, 0);
875 if (*name_cursor == ':')
879 if (name == name_end)
880 return gv ? gv : (GV*)*hv_fetchs(PL_defstash, "main::", TRUE);
883 len = name_cursor - name;
885 /* No stash in name, so see how we can default */
889 if (len && isIDFIRST_lazy(name)) {
898 if ((name[0] == 'I' && name[1] == 'N' && name[2] == 'C')
899 || (name[0] == 'E' && name[1] == 'N' && name[2] == 'V')
900 || (name[0] == 'S' && name[1] == 'I' && name[2] == 'G'))
904 if (name[0] == 'A' && name[1] == 'R' && name[2] == 'G'
909 if (name[0] == 'S' && name[1] == 'T' && name[2] == 'D'
910 && name[3] == 'I' && name[4] == 'N')
914 if ((name[0] == 'S' && name[1] == 'T' && name[2] == 'D')
915 &&((name[3] == 'O' && name[4] == 'U' && name[5] == 'T')
916 ||(name[3] == 'E' && name[4] == 'R' && name[5] == 'R')))
920 if (name[0] == 'A' && name[1] == 'R' && name[2] == 'G'
921 && name[3] == 'V' && name[4] == 'O' && name[5] == 'U'
929 else if (IN_PERL_COMPILETIME) {
931 if (add && (PL_hints & HINT_STRICT_VARS) &&
932 sv_type != SVt_PVCV &&
933 sv_type != SVt_PVGV &&
934 sv_type != SVt_PVFM &&
935 sv_type != SVt_PVIO &&
936 !(len == 1 && sv_type == SVt_PV &&
937 (*name == 'a' || *name == 'b')) )
939 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash,name,len,0);
941 *gvp == (GV*)&PL_sv_undef ||
942 SvTYPE(*gvp) != SVt_PVGV)
946 else if ((sv_type == SVt_PV && !GvIMPORTED_SV(*gvp)) ||
947 (sv_type == SVt_PVAV && !GvIMPORTED_AV(*gvp)) ||
948 (sv_type == SVt_PVHV && !GvIMPORTED_HV(*gvp)) )
950 Perl_warn(aTHX_ "Variable \"%c%s\" is not imported",
951 sv_type == SVt_PVAV ? '@' :
952 sv_type == SVt_PVHV ? '%' : '$',
955 Perl_warn(aTHX_ "\t(Did you mean &%s instead?)\n", name);
961 stash = CopSTASH(PL_curcop);
967 /* By this point we should have a stash and a name */
971 SV * const err = Perl_mess(aTHX_
972 "Global symbol \"%s%s\" requires explicit package name",
973 (sv_type == SVt_PV ? "$"
974 : sv_type == SVt_PVAV ? "@"
975 : sv_type == SVt_PVHV ? "%"
978 if (USE_UTF8_IN_NAMES)
981 gv = gv_fetchpvn_flags("<none>::", 8, GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV);
983 /* symbol table under destruction */
992 if (!SvREFCNT(stash)) /* symbol table under destruction */
995 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash,name,len,add);
996 if (!gvp || *gvp == (GV*)&PL_sv_undef)
999 if (SvTYPE(gv) == SVt_PVGV) {
1002 gv_init_sv(gv, sv_type);
1003 if (len == 1 && (sv_type == SVt_PVHV || sv_type == SVt_PVGV)) {
1005 require_tie_mod(gv, "!", newSVpvs("Errno"), "TIEHASH", 1);
1006 else if (*name == '-' || *name == '+')
1007 require_tie_mod(gv, name, newSVpvs("Tie::Hash::NamedCapture"), "FETCH", 0);
1011 } else if (no_init) {
1013 } else if (no_expand && SvROK(gv)) {
1017 /* Adding a new symbol */
1019 if (add & GV_ADDWARN && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL))
1020 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL), "Had to create %s unexpectedly", nambeg);
1021 gv_init(gv, stash, name, len, add & GV_ADDMULTI);
1022 gv_init_sv(gv, sv_type);
1024 if (isALPHA(name[0]) && ! (isLEXWARN_on ? ckWARN(WARN_ONCE)
1025 : (PL_dowarn & G_WARN_ON ) ) )
1028 /* set up magic where warranted */
1033 /* Nothing else to do.
1034 The compiler will probably turn the switch statement into a
1035 branch table. Make sure we avoid even that small overhead for
1036 the common case of lower case variable names. */
1040 const char * const name2 = name + 1;
1043 if (strEQ(name2, "RGV")) {
1044 IoFLAGS(GvIOn(gv)) |= IOf_ARGV|IOf_START;
1046 else if (strEQ(name2, "RGVOUT")) {
1051 if (strnEQ(name2, "XPORT", 5))
1055 if (strEQ(name2, "SA")) {
1056 AV* const av = GvAVn(gv);
1058 sv_magic((SV*)av, (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_isa, NULL, 0);
1059 /* NOTE: No support for tied ISA */
1060 if ((add & GV_ADDMULTI) && strEQ(nambeg,"AnyDBM_File::ISA")
1061 && AvFILLp(av) == -1)
1064 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "NDBM_File",9));
1065 gv_stashpvn(pname, 9, GV_ADD);
1066 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "DB_File",7));
1067 gv_stashpvn(pname, 7, GV_ADD);
1068 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "GDBM_File",9));
1069 gv_stashpvn(pname, 9, GV_ADD);
1070 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "SDBM_File",9));
1071 gv_stashpvn(pname, 9, GV_ADD);
1072 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "ODBM_File",9));
1073 gv_stashpvn(pname, 9, GV_ADD);
1078 if (strEQ(name2, "VERLOAD")) {
1079 HV* const hv = GvHVn(gv);
1081 hv_magic(hv, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_overload);
1085 if (strEQ(name2, "IG")) {
1089 Newxz(PL_psig_ptr, SIG_SIZE, SV*);
1090 Newxz(PL_psig_name, SIG_SIZE, SV*);
1091 Newxz(PL_psig_pend, SIG_SIZE, int);
1095 hv_magic(hv, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_sig);
1096 for (i = 1; i < SIG_SIZE; i++) {
1097 SV * const * const init = hv_fetch(hv, PL_sig_name[i], strlen(PL_sig_name[i]), 1);
1099 sv_setsv(*init, &PL_sv_undef);
1101 PL_psig_name[i] = 0;
1102 PL_psig_pend[i] = 0;
1107 if (strEQ(name2, "ERSION"))
1110 case '\003': /* $^CHILD_ERROR_NATIVE */
1111 if (strEQ(name2, "HILD_ERROR_NATIVE"))
1114 case '\005': /* $^ENCODING */
1115 if (strEQ(name2, "NCODING"))
1118 case '\015': /* $^MATCH */
1119 if (strEQ(name2, "ATCH"))
1121 case '\017': /* $^OPEN */
1122 if (strEQ(name2, "PEN"))
1125 case '\020': /* $^PREMATCH $^POSTMATCH */
1126 if (strEQ(name2, "REMATCH") || strEQ(name2, "OSTMATCH"))
1128 case '\024': /* ${^TAINT} */
1129 if (strEQ(name2, "AINT"))
1132 case '\025': /* ${^UNICODE}, ${^UTF8LOCALE} */
1133 if (strEQ(name2, "NICODE"))
1135 if (strEQ(name2, "TF8LOCALE"))
1137 if (strEQ(name2, "TF8CACHE"))
1140 case '\027': /* $^WARNING_BITS */
1141 if (strEQ(name2, "ARNING_BITS"))
1154 /* ensures variable is only digits */
1155 /* ${"1foo"} fails this test (and is thus writeable) */
1156 /* added by japhy, but borrowed from is_gv_magical */
1157 const char *end = name + len;
1158 while (--end > name) {
1159 if (!isDIGIT(*end)) return gv;
1166 /* Names of length 1. (Or 0. But name is NUL terminated, so that will
1167 be case '\0' in this switch statement (ie a default case) */
1173 sv_type == SVt_PVAV ||
1174 sv_type == SVt_PVHV ||
1175 sv_type == SVt_PVCV ||
1176 sv_type == SVt_PVFM ||
1179 PL_sawampersand = TRUE;
1183 sv_setpv(GvSVn(gv),PL_chopset);
1187 #ifdef COMPLEX_STATUS
1188 SvUPGRADE(GvSVn(gv), SVt_PVLV);
1194 /* If %! has been used, automatically load Errno.pm. */
1196 sv_magic(GvSVn(gv), (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, len);
1198 /* magicalization must be done before require_tie_mod is called */
1199 if (sv_type == SVt_PVHV)
1200 require_tie_mod(gv, "!", newSVpvs("Errno"), "TIEHASH", 1);
1201 /* NOTE: Errno.pm does the tieing of %! itself when it is executed.
1202 This is different to the way %+ and %- are handled. */
1207 GvMULTI_on(gv); /* no used once warnings here */
1209 bool plus = (*name == '+');
1210 SV *stashname = newSVpvs("Tie::Hash::NamedCapture");
1211 AV* const av = GvAVn(gv);
1212 HV *const hv = GvHVn(gv);
1213 HV *const hv_tie = newHV();
1214 SV *tie = newRV_noinc((SV*)hv_tie);
1216 sv_bless(tie, gv_stashsv(stashname, GV_ADD));
1217 hv_magic(hv, (GV*)tie, PERL_MAGIC_tied);
1218 sv_magic((SV*)av, (plus ? (SV*)av : NULL), PERL_MAGIC_regdata, NULL, 0);
1219 sv_magic(GvSVn(gv), (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, len);
1221 /* NOTE: Tie::Hash::NamedCapture does NOT do the tie of %- or %+ itself.
1222 This is different to the way %! is handled. */
1224 SvREADONLY_on(GvSVn(gv));
1226 Perl_hv_store(aTHX_ hv_tie, STR_WITH_LEN("all"), newSViv(1), 0);
1232 require_tie_mod(gv, name, stashname, "FETCH", 0);
1238 if (sv_type == SVt_PV && ckWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX))
1239 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX),
1240 "$%c is no longer supported", *name);
1243 sv_setiv(GvSVn(gv), (IV)(IoFLAGS(GvIOp(PL_defoutgv)) & IOf_FLUSH) != 0);
1246 case '\010': /* $^H */
1248 HV *const hv = GvHVn(gv);
1249 hv_magic(hv, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_hints);
1252 case '\023': /* $^S */
1263 SvREADONLY_on(GvSVn(gv));
1278 case '\001': /* $^A */
1279 case '\003': /* $^C */
1280 case '\004': /* $^D */
1281 case '\005': /* $^E */
1282 case '\006': /* $^F */
1283 case '\011': /* $^I, NOT \t in EBCDIC */
1284 case '\016': /* $^N */
1285 case '\017': /* $^O */
1286 case '\020': /* $^P */
1287 case '\024': /* $^T */
1288 case '\027': /* $^W */
1290 sv_magic(GvSVn(gv), (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, len);
1293 case '\014': /* $^L */
1294 sv_setpvn(GvSVn(gv),"\f",1);
1295 PL_formfeed = GvSVn(gv);
1298 sv_setpvn(GvSVn(gv),"\034",1);
1302 SV * const sv = GvSVn(gv);
1303 if (!sv_derived_from(PL_patchlevel, "version"))
1304 upg_version(PL_patchlevel);
1305 GvSV(gv) = vnumify(PL_patchlevel);
1306 SvREADONLY_on(GvSV(gv));
1310 case '\026': /* $^V */
1312 SV * const sv = GvSVn(gv);
1313 GvSV(gv) = new_version(PL_patchlevel);
1314 SvREADONLY_on(GvSV(gv));
1324 Perl_gv_fullname4(pTHX_ SV *sv, const GV *gv, const char *prefix, bool keepmain)
1328 const HV * const hv = GvSTASH(gv);
1333 sv_setpv(sv, prefix ? prefix : "");
1335 name = HvNAME_get(hv);
1337 namelen = HvNAMELEN_get(hv);
1343 if (keepmain || strNE(name, "main")) {
1344 sv_catpvn(sv,name,namelen);
1347 sv_catpvn(sv,GvNAME(gv),GvNAMELEN(gv));
1351 Perl_gv_efullname4(pTHX_ SV *sv, const GV *gv, const char *prefix, bool keepmain)
1353 const GV * const egv = GvEGV(gv);
1354 gv_fullname4(sv, egv ? egv : gv, prefix, keepmain);
1362 IO * const io = (IO*)newSV_type(SVt_PVIO);
1363 /* This used to read SvREFCNT(io) = 1;
1364 It's not clear why the reference count needed an explicit reset. NWC
1366 assert (SvREFCNT(io) == 1);
1368 /* Clear the stashcache because a new IO could overrule a package name */
1369 hv_clear(PL_stashcache);
1370 iogv = gv_fetchpvs("FileHandle::", 0, SVt_PVHV);
1371 /* unless exists($main::{FileHandle}) and defined(%main::FileHandle::) */
1372 if (!(iogv && GvHV(iogv) && HvARRAY(GvHV(iogv))))
1373 iogv = gv_fetchpvs("IO::Handle::", GV_ADD, SVt_PVHV);
1374 SvSTASH_set(io, (HV*)SvREFCNT_inc(GvHV(iogv)));
1379 Perl_gv_check(pTHX_ const HV *stash)
1384 if (!HvARRAY(stash))
1386 for (i = 0; i <= (I32) HvMAX(stash); i++) {
1388 for (entry = HvARRAY(stash)[i]; entry; entry = HeNEXT(entry)) {
1391 if (HeKEY(entry)[HeKLEN(entry)-1] == ':' &&
1392 (gv = (GV*)HeVAL(entry)) && isGV(gv) && (hv = GvHV(gv)))
1394 if (hv != PL_defstash && hv != stash)
1395 gv_check(hv); /* nested package */
1397 else if (isALPHA(*HeKEY(entry))) {
1399 gv = (GV*)HeVAL(entry);
1400 if (SvTYPE(gv) != SVt_PVGV || GvMULTI(gv))
1403 /* performance hack: if filename is absolute and it's a standard
1404 * module, don't bother warning */
1405 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
1406 # define LIB_COMPONENT ":lib:"
1408 # define LIB_COMPONENT "/lib/"
1411 && PERL_FILE_IS_ABSOLUTE(file)
1412 && (instr(file, LIB_COMPONENT) || instr(file, ".pm")))
1416 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, GvLINE(gv));
1418 CopFILE(PL_curcop) = (char *)file; /* set for warning */
1420 CopFILEGV(PL_curcop) = gv_fetchfile(file);
1422 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_ONCE),
1423 "Name \"%s::%s\" used only once: possible typo",
1424 HvNAME_get(stash), GvNAME(gv));
1431 Perl_newGVgen(pTHX_ const char *pack)
1434 return gv_fetchpv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "%s::_GEN_%ld", pack, (long)PL_gensym++),
1438 /* hopefully this is only called on local symbol table entries */
1441 Perl_gp_ref(pTHX_ GP *gp)
1449 /* multi-named GPs cannot be used for method cache */
1450 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_cv);
1455 /* Adding a new name to a subroutine invalidates method cache */
1456 PL_sub_generation++;
1463 Perl_gp_free(pTHX_ GV *gv)
1468 if (!gv || !isGV_with_GP(gv) || !(gp = GvGP(gv)))
1470 if (gp->gp_refcnt == 0) {
1471 if (ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL))
1472 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
1473 "Attempt to free unreferenced glob pointers"
1474 pTHX__FORMAT pTHX__VALUE);
1478 /* Deleting the name of a subroutine invalidates method cache */
1479 PL_sub_generation++;
1481 if (--gp->gp_refcnt > 0) {
1482 if (gp->gp_egv == gv)
1488 if (gp->gp_file_hek)
1489 unshare_hek(gp->gp_file_hek);
1490 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_sv);
1491 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_av);
1492 /* FIXME - another reference loop GV -> symtab -> GV ?
1493 Somehow gp->gp_hv can end up pointing at freed garbage. */
1494 if (gp->gp_hv && SvTYPE(gp->gp_hv) == SVt_PVHV) {
1495 const char *hvname = HvNAME_get(gp->gp_hv);
1496 if (PL_stashcache && hvname)
1497 hv_delete(PL_stashcache, hvname, HvNAMELEN_get(gp->gp_hv),
1499 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_hv);
1501 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_io);
1502 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_cv);
1503 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_form);
1510 Perl_magic_freeovrld(pTHX_ SV *sv, MAGIC *mg)
1512 AMT * const amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr;
1513 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(sv);
1515 if (amtp && AMT_AMAGIC(amtp)) {
1517 for (i = 1; i < NofAMmeth; i++) {
1518 CV * const cv = amtp->table[i];
1520 SvREFCNT_dec((SV *) cv);
1521 amtp->table[i] = NULL;
1528 /* Updates and caches the CV's */
1531 Perl_Gv_AMupdate(pTHX_ HV *stash)
1534 MAGIC* const mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1538 const AMT * const amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr;
1539 if (amtp->was_ok_am == PL_amagic_generation
1540 && amtp->was_ok_sub == PL_sub_generation) {
1541 return (bool)AMT_OVERLOADED(amtp);
1543 sv_unmagic((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1546 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Recalcing overload magic in package %s\n",HvNAME_get(stash)) );
1549 amt.was_ok_am = PL_amagic_generation;
1550 amt.was_ok_sub = PL_sub_generation;
1551 amt.fallback = AMGfallNO;
1555 int filled = 0, have_ovl = 0;
1558 /* Work with "fallback" key, which we assume to be first in PL_AMG_names */
1560 /* Try to find via inheritance. */
1561 GV *gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, PL_AMG_names[0], 2, -1);
1562 SV * const sv = gv ? GvSV(gv) : NULL;
1566 lim = DESTROY_amg; /* Skip overloading entries. */
1567 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
1569 NOOP; /* Equivalent to !SvTRUE and !SvOK */
1572 else if (SvTRUE(sv))
1573 amt.fallback=AMGfallYES;
1575 amt.fallback=AMGfallNEVER;
1577 for (i = 1; i < lim; i++)
1578 amt.table[i] = NULL;
1579 for (; i < NofAMmeth; i++) {
1580 const char * const cooky = PL_AMG_names[i];
1581 /* Human-readable form, for debugging: */
1582 const char * const cp = (i >= DESTROY_amg ? cooky : AMG_id2name(i));
1583 const STRLEN l = strlen(cooky);
1585 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Checking overloading of \"%s\" in package \"%.256s\"\n",
1586 cp, HvNAME_get(stash)) );
1587 /* don't fill the cache while looking up!
1588 Creation of inheritance stubs in intermediate packages may
1589 conflict with the logic of runtime method substitution.
1590 Indeed, for inheritance A -> B -> C, if C overloads "+0",
1591 then we could have created stubs for "(+0" in A and C too.
1592 But if B overloads "bool", we may want to use it for
1593 numifying instead of C's "+0". */
1594 if (i >= DESTROY_amg)
1595 gv = Perl_gv_fetchmeth_autoload(aTHX_ stash, cooky, l, 0);
1596 else /* Autoload taken care of below */
1597 gv = Perl_gv_fetchmeth(aTHX_ stash, cooky, l, -1);
1599 if (gv && (cv = GvCV(gv))) {
1601 if (GvNAMELEN(CvGV(cv)) == 3 && strEQ(GvNAME(CvGV(cv)), "nil")
1602 && strEQ(hvname = HvNAME_get(GvSTASH(CvGV(cv))), "overload")) {
1603 /* This is a hack to support autoloading..., while
1604 knowing *which* methods were declared as overloaded. */
1605 /* GvSV contains the name of the method. */
1607 SV *gvsv = GvSV(gv);
1609 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Resolving method \"%"SVf256\
1610 "\" for overloaded \"%s\" in package \"%.256s\"\n",
1611 (void*)GvSV(gv), cp, hvname) );
1612 if (!gvsv || !SvPOK(gvsv)
1613 || !(ngv = gv_fetchmethod_autoload(stash, SvPVX_const(gvsv),
1616 /* Can be an import stub (created by "can"). */
1617 const char * const name = (gvsv && SvPOK(gvsv)) ? SvPVX_const(gvsv) : "???";
1618 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s method \"%.256s\" overloading \"%s\" "\
1619 "in package \"%.256s\"",
1620 (GvCVGEN(gv) ? "Stub found while resolving"
1624 cv = GvCV(gv = ngv);
1626 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Overloading \"%s\" in package \"%.256s\" via \"%.256s::%.256s\"\n",
1627 cp, HvNAME_get(stash), HvNAME_get(GvSTASH(CvGV(cv))),
1628 GvNAME(CvGV(cv))) );
1630 if (i < DESTROY_amg)
1632 } else if (gv) { /* Autoloaded... */
1636 amt.table[i]=(CV*)SvREFCNT_inc_simple(cv);
1639 AMT_AMAGIC_on(&amt);
1641 AMT_OVERLOADED_on(&amt);
1642 sv_magic((SV*)stash, 0, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table,
1643 (char*)&amt, sizeof(AMT));
1647 /* Here we have no table: */
1649 AMT_AMAGIC_off(&amt);
1650 sv_magic((SV*)stash, 0, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table,
1651 (char*)&amt, sizeof(AMTS));
1657 Perl_gv_handler(pTHX_ HV *stash, I32 id)
1663 if (!stash || !HvNAME_get(stash))
1665 mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1669 mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1672 amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr;
1673 if ( amtp->was_ok_am != PL_amagic_generation
1674 || amtp->was_ok_sub != PL_sub_generation )
1676 if (AMT_AMAGIC(amtp)) {
1677 CV * const ret = amtp->table[id];
1678 if (ret && isGV(ret)) { /* Autoloading stab */
1679 /* Passing it through may have resulted in a warning
1680 "Inherited AUTOLOAD for a non-method deprecated", since
1681 our caller is going through a function call, not a method call.
1682 So return the CV for AUTOLOAD, setting $AUTOLOAD. */
1683 GV * const gv = gv_fetchmethod(stash, PL_AMG_names[id]);
1696 Perl_amagic_call(pTHX_ SV *left, SV *right, int method, int flags)
1701 CV **cvp=NULL, **ocvp=NULL;
1702 AMT *amtp=NULL, *oamtp=NULL;
1703 int off = 0, off1, lr = 0, notfound = 0;
1704 int postpr = 0, force_cpy = 0;
1705 int assign = AMGf_assign & flags;
1706 const int assignshift = assign ? 1 : 0;
1711 if (!(AMGf_noleft & flags) && SvAMAGIC(left)
1712 && (stash = SvSTASH(SvRV(left)))
1713 && (mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table))
1714 && (ocvp = cvp = (AMT_AMAGIC((AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)
1715 ? (oamtp = amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)->table
1717 && ((cv = cvp[off=method+assignshift])
1718 || (assign && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER && /* fallback to
1724 cv = cvp[off=method])))) {
1725 lr = -1; /* Call method for left argument */
1727 if (cvp && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER && flags & AMGf_unary) {
1730 /* look for substituted methods */
1731 /* In all the covered cases we should be called with assign==0. */
1735 if ((cv = cvp[off=add_ass_amg])
1736 || ((cv = cvp[off = add_amg]) && (force_cpy = 0, postpr = 1))) {
1737 right = &PL_sv_yes; lr = -1; assign = 1;
1742 if ((cv = cvp[off = subtr_ass_amg])
1743 || ((cv = cvp[off = subtr_amg]) && (force_cpy = 0, postpr=1))) {
1744 right = &PL_sv_yes; lr = -1; assign = 1;
1748 (void)((cv = cvp[off=numer_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=string_amg]));
1751 (void)((cv = cvp[off=string_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=bool__amg]));
1754 (void)((cv = cvp[off=numer_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=bool__amg]));
1757 (void)((cv = cvp[off=bool__amg])
1758 || (cv = cvp[off=numer_amg])
1759 || (cv = cvp[off=string_amg]));
1765 * SV* ref causes confusion with the interpreter variable of
1768 SV* const tmpRef=SvRV(left);
1769 if (!SvROK(tmpRef) && SvTYPE(tmpRef) <= SVt_PVMG) {
1771 * Just to be extra cautious. Maybe in some
1772 * additional cases sv_setsv is safe, too.
1774 SV* const newref = newSVsv(tmpRef);
1775 SvOBJECT_on(newref);
1776 /* As a bit of a source compatibility hack, SvAMAGIC() and
1777 friends dereference an RV, to behave the same was as when
1778 overloading was stored on the reference, not the referant.
1779 Hence we can't use SvAMAGIC_on()
1781 SvFLAGS(newref) |= SVf_AMAGIC;
1782 SvSTASH_set(newref, (HV*)SvREFCNT_inc(SvSTASH(tmpRef)));
1788 if ((cvp[off1=lt_amg] || cvp[off1=ncmp_amg])
1789 && ((cv = cvp[off=neg_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=subtr_amg]))) {
1790 SV* const nullsv=sv_2mortal(newSViv(0));
1792 SV* const lessp = amagic_call(left,nullsv,
1793 lt_amg,AMGf_noright);
1794 logic = SvTRUE(lessp);
1796 SV* const lessp = amagic_call(left,nullsv,
1797 ncmp_amg,AMGf_noright);
1798 logic = (SvNV(lessp) < 0);
1801 if (off==subtr_amg) {
1812 if ((cv = cvp[off=subtr_amg])) {
1814 left = sv_2mortal(newSViv(0));
1819 case iter_amg: /* XXXX Eventually should do to_gv. */
1821 return NULL; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
1829 return left; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
1834 if (!cv) goto not_found;
1835 } else if (!(AMGf_noright & flags) && SvAMAGIC(right)
1836 && (stash = SvSTASH(SvRV(right)))
1837 && (mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table))
1838 && (cvp = (AMT_AMAGIC((AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)
1839 ? (amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)->table
1841 && (cv = cvp[off=method])) { /* Method for right
1844 } else if (((ocvp && oamtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER
1845 && (cvp=ocvp) && (lr = -1))
1846 || (cvp && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER && (lr=1)))
1847 && !(flags & AMGf_unary)) {
1848 /* We look for substitution for
1849 * comparison operations and
1851 if (method==concat_amg || method==concat_ass_amg
1852 || method==repeat_amg || method==repeat_ass_amg) {
1853 return NULL; /* Delegate operation to string conversion */
1863 postpr = 1; off=ncmp_amg; break;
1870 postpr = 1; off=scmp_amg; break;
1872 if (off != -1) cv = cvp[off];
1877 not_found: /* No method found, either report or croak */
1898 return left; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
1901 if (ocvp && (cv=ocvp[nomethod_amg])) { /* Call report method */
1902 notfound = 1; lr = -1;
1903 } else if (cvp && (cv=cvp[nomethod_amg])) {
1904 notfound = 1; lr = 1;
1905 } else if ((amtp && amtp->fallback >= AMGfallYES) && !DEBUG_o_TEST) {
1906 /* Skip generating the "no method found" message. */
1910 if (off==-1) off=method;
1911 msg = sv_2mortal(Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_
1912 "Operation \"%s\": no method found,%sargument %s%s%s%s",
1913 AMG_id2name(method + assignshift),
1914 (flags & AMGf_unary ? " " : "\n\tleft "),
1916 "in overloaded package ":
1917 "has no overloaded magic",
1919 HvNAME_get(SvSTASH(SvRV(left))):
1922 ",\n\tright argument in overloaded package ":
1925 : ",\n\tright argument has no overloaded magic"),
1927 HvNAME_get(SvSTASH(SvRV(right))):
1929 if (amtp && amtp->fallback >= AMGfallYES) {
1930 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "%s", SvPVX_const(msg)) );
1932 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%"SVf, SVfARG(msg));
1936 force_cpy = force_cpy || assign;
1941 DEBUG_o(Perl_deb(aTHX_
1942 "Overloaded operator \"%s\"%s%s%s:\n\tmethod%s found%s in package %s%s\n",
1944 method+assignshift==off? "" :
1946 method+assignshift==off? "" :
1947 AMG_id2name(method+assignshift),
1948 method+assignshift==off? "" : "\")",
1949 flags & AMGf_unary? "" :
1950 lr==1 ? " for right argument": " for left argument",
1951 flags & AMGf_unary? " for argument" : "",
1952 stash ? HvNAME_get(stash) : "null",
1953 fl? ",\n\tassignment variant used": "") );
1956 /* Since we use shallow copy during assignment, we need
1957 * to dublicate the contents, probably calling user-supplied
1958 * version of copy operator
1960 /* We need to copy in following cases:
1961 * a) Assignment form was called.
1962 * assignshift==1, assign==T, method + 1 == off
1963 * b) Increment or decrement, called directly.
1964 * assignshift==0, assign==0, method + 0 == off
1965 * c) Increment or decrement, translated to assignment add/subtr.
1966 * assignshift==0, assign==T,
1968 * d) Increment or decrement, translated to nomethod.
1969 * assignshift==0, assign==0,
1971 * e) Assignment form translated to nomethod.
1972 * assignshift==1, assign==T, method + 1 != off
1975 /* off is method, method+assignshift, or a result of opcode substitution.
1976 * In the latter case assignshift==0, so only notfound case is important.
1978 if (( (method + assignshift == off)
1979 && (assign || (method == inc_amg) || (method == dec_amg)))
1986 const bool oldcatch = CATCH_GET;
1989 Zero(&myop, 1, BINOP);
1990 myop.op_last = (OP *) &myop;
1991 myop.op_next = NULL;
1992 myop.op_flags = OPf_WANT_SCALAR | OPf_STACKED;
1994 PUSHSTACKi(PERLSI_OVERLOAD);
1997 PL_op = (OP *) &myop;
1998 if (PERLDB_SUB && PL_curstash != PL_debstash)
1999 PL_op->op_private |= OPpENTERSUB_DB;
2003 EXTEND(SP, notfound + 5);
2004 PUSHs(lr>0? right: left);
2005 PUSHs(lr>0? left: right);
2006 PUSHs( lr > 0 ? &PL_sv_yes : ( assign ? &PL_sv_undef : &PL_sv_no ));
2008 PUSHs( sv_2mortal(newSVpv(AMG_id2name(method + assignshift),0)));
2013 if ((PL_op = Perl_pp_entersub(aTHX)))
2021 CATCH_SET(oldcatch);
2028 ans=SvIV(res)<=0; break;
2031 ans=SvIV(res)<0; break;
2034 ans=SvIV(res)>=0; break;
2037 ans=SvIV(res)>0; break;
2040 ans=SvIV(res)==0; break;
2043 ans=SvIV(res)!=0; break;
2046 SvSetSV(left,res); return left;
2048 ans=!SvTRUE(res); break;
2053 } else if (method==copy_amg) {
2055 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Copy method did not return a reference");
2057 return SvREFCNT_inc(SvRV(res));
2065 =for apidoc is_gv_magical_sv
2067 Returns C<TRUE> if given the name of a magical GV. Calls is_gv_magical.
2073 Perl_is_gv_magical_sv(pTHX_ SV *name, U32 flags)
2076 const char * const temp = SvPV_const(name, len);
2077 return is_gv_magical(temp, len, flags);
2081 =for apidoc is_gv_magical
2083 Returns C<TRUE> if given the name of a magical GV.
2085 Currently only useful internally when determining if a GV should be
2086 created even in rvalue contexts.
2088 C<flags> is not used at present but available for future extension to
2089 allow selecting particular classes of magical variable.
2091 Currently assumes that C<name> is NUL terminated (as well as len being valid).
2092 This assumption is met by all callers within the perl core, which all pass
2093 pointers returned by SvPV.
2098 Perl_is_gv_magical(pTHX_ const char *name, STRLEN len, U32 flags)
2100 PERL_UNUSED_CONTEXT;
2101 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(flags);
2104 const char * const name1 = name + 1;
2107 if (len == 3 && name1[1] == 'S' && name[2] == 'A')
2111 if (len == 8 && strEQ(name1, "VERLOAD"))
2115 if (len == 3 && name[1] == 'I' && name[2] == 'G')
2118 /* Using ${^...} variables is likely to be sufficiently rare that
2119 it seems sensible to avoid the space hit of also checking the
2121 case '\017': /* ${^OPEN} */
2122 if (strEQ(name1, "PEN"))
2125 case '\024': /* ${^TAINT} */
2126 if (strEQ(name1, "AINT"))
2129 case '\025': /* ${^UNICODE} */
2130 if (strEQ(name1, "NICODE"))
2132 if (strEQ(name1, "TF8LOCALE"))
2135 case '\027': /* ${^WARNING_BITS} */
2136 if (strEQ(name1, "ARNING_BITS"))
2149 const char *end = name + len;
2150 while (--end > name) {
2158 /* Because we're already assuming that name is NUL terminated
2159 below, we can treat an empty name as "\0" */
2186 case '\001': /* $^A */
2187 case '\003': /* $^C */
2188 case '\004': /* $^D */
2189 case '\005': /* $^E */
2190 case '\006': /* $^F */
2191 case '\010': /* $^H */
2192 case '\011': /* $^I, NOT \t in EBCDIC */
2193 case '\014': /* $^L */
2194 case '\016': /* $^N */
2195 case '\017': /* $^O */
2196 case '\020': /* $^P */
2197 case '\023': /* $^S */
2198 case '\024': /* $^T */
2199 case '\026': /* $^V */
2200 case '\027': /* $^W */
2220 Perl_gv_name_set(pTHX_ GV *gv, const char *name, U32 len, U32 flags)
2226 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(flags);
2229 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: gv name too long (%"UVuf")", (UV) len);
2231 if (!(flags & GV_ADD) && GvNAME_HEK(gv)) {
2232 unshare_hek(GvNAME_HEK(gv));
2235 PERL_HASH(hash, name, len);
2236 GvNAME_HEK(gv) = share_hek(name, len, hash);
2241 * c-indentation-style: bsd
2243 * indent-tabs-mode: t
2246 * ex: set ts=8 sts=4 sw=4 noet: