3 * Copyright (C) 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000,
4 * 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008 by Larry Wall and others
6 * You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
7 * License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
12 * 'Mercy!' cried Gandalf. 'If the giving of information is to be the cure
13 * of your inquisitiveness, I shall spend all the rest of my days answering
14 * you. What more do you want to know?'
15 * 'The names of all the stars, and of all living things, and the whole
16 * history of Middle-earth and Over-heaven and of the Sundering Seas,'
23 A GV is a structure which corresponds to to a Perl typeglob, ie *foo.
24 It is a structure that holds a pointer to a scalar, an array, a hash etc,
25 corresponding to $foo, @foo, %foo.
27 GVs are usually found as values in stashes (symbol table hashes) where
28 Perl stores its global variables.
38 static const char S_autoload[] = "AUTOLOAD";
39 static const STRLEN S_autolen = sizeof(S_autoload)-1;
42 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
44 Perl_gv_SVadd(pTHX_ GV *gv)
46 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_SVADD;
48 if (!gv || SvTYPE((const SV *)gv) != SVt_PVGV)
49 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for scalar");
57 Perl_gv_AVadd(pTHX_ register GV *gv)
59 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_AVADD;
61 if (!gv || SvTYPE((const SV *)gv) != SVt_PVGV)
62 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for array");
69 Perl_gv_HVadd(pTHX_ register GV *gv)
71 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_HVADD;
73 if (!gv || SvTYPE((const SV *)gv) != SVt_PVGV)
74 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for hash");
81 Perl_gv_IOadd(pTHX_ register GV *gv)
85 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_IOADD;
87 if (!gv || SvTYPE((const SV *)gv) != SVt_PVGV) {
90 * if it walks like a dirhandle, then let's assume that
91 * this is a dirhandle.
93 const char * const fh =
94 PL_op->op_type == OP_READDIR ||
95 PL_op->op_type == OP_TELLDIR ||
96 PL_op->op_type == OP_SEEKDIR ||
97 PL_op->op_type == OP_REWINDDIR ||
98 PL_op->op_type == OP_CLOSEDIR ?
99 "dirhandle" : "filehandle";
100 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for %s", fh);
104 #ifdef GV_UNIQUE_CHECK
106 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for filehandle (GV is unique)");
115 Perl_gv_fetchfile(pTHX_ const char *name)
117 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHFILE;
118 return gv_fetchfile_flags(name, strlen(name), 0);
122 Perl_gv_fetchfile_flags(pTHX_ const char *const name, const STRLEN namelen,
128 const STRLEN tmplen = namelen + 2;
131 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHFILE_FLAGS;
132 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(flags);
137 if (tmplen <= sizeof smallbuf)
140 Newx(tmpbuf, tmplen, char);
141 /* This is where the debugger's %{"::_<$filename"} hash is created */
144 memcpy(tmpbuf + 2, name, namelen);
145 gv = *(GV**)hv_fetch(PL_defstash, tmpbuf, tmplen, TRUE);
147 gv_init(gv, PL_defstash, tmpbuf, tmplen, FALSE);
148 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
149 GvSV(gv) = newSVpvn(name, namelen);
151 sv_setpvn(GvSV(gv), name, namelen);
154 hv_magic(GvHVn(gv_AVadd(gv)), NULL, PERL_MAGIC_dbfile);
156 if (tmpbuf != smallbuf)
162 =for apidoc gv_const_sv
164 If C<gv> is a typeglob whose subroutine entry is a constant sub eligible for
165 inlining, or C<gv> is a placeholder reference that would be promoted to such
166 a typeglob, then returns the value returned by the sub. Otherwise, returns
173 Perl_gv_const_sv(pTHX_ GV *gv)
175 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_CONST_SV;
177 if (SvTYPE(gv) == SVt_PVGV)
178 return cv_const_sv(GvCVu(gv));
179 return SvROK(gv) ? SvRV(gv) : NULL;
183 Perl_newGP(pTHX_ GV *const gv)
188 const char *const file
189 = (PL_curcop && CopFILE(PL_curcop)) ? CopFILE(PL_curcop) : "";
190 const STRLEN len = strlen(file);
192 SV *const temp_sv = CopFILESV(PL_curcop);
196 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_NEWGP;
199 file = SvPVX(temp_sv);
200 len = SvCUR(temp_sv);
207 PERL_HASH(hash, file, len);
211 #ifndef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
212 gp->gp_sv = newSV(0);
215 gp->gp_line = PL_curcop ? CopLINE(PL_curcop) : 0;
216 /* XXX Ideally this cast would be replaced with a change to const char*
218 gp->gp_file_hek = share_hek(file, len, hash);
226 Perl_gv_init(pTHX_ GV *gv, HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, int multi)
229 const U32 old_type = SvTYPE(gv);
230 const bool doproto = old_type > SVt_NULL;
231 char * const proto = (doproto && SvPOK(gv)) ? SvPVX(gv) : NULL;
232 const STRLEN protolen = proto ? SvCUR(gv) : 0;
233 SV *const has_constant = doproto && SvROK(gv) ? SvRV(gv) : NULL;
234 const U32 exported_constant = has_constant ? SvPCS_IMPORTED(gv) : 0;
236 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_INIT;
237 assert (!(proto && has_constant));
240 /* The constant has to be a simple scalar type. */
241 switch (SvTYPE(has_constant)) {
247 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Cannot convert a reference to %s to typeglob",
248 sv_reftype(has_constant, 0));
256 if (old_type < SVt_PVGV) {
257 if (old_type >= SVt_PV)
259 sv_upgrade(MUTABLE_SV(gv), SVt_PVGV);
267 Safefree(SvPVX_mutable(gv));
272 GvGP(gv) = Perl_newGP(aTHX_ gv);
275 Perl_sv_add_backref(aTHX_ MUTABLE_SV(stash), MUTABLE_SV(gv));
276 gv_name_set(gv, name, len, GV_ADD);
277 if (multi || doproto) /* doproto means it _was_ mentioned */
279 if (doproto) { /* Replicate part of newSUB here. */
282 /* newCONSTSUB takes ownership of the reference from us. */
283 GvCV(gv) = newCONSTSUB(stash, name, has_constant);
284 /* If this reference was a copy of another, then the subroutine
285 must have been "imported", by a Perl space assignment to a GV
286 from a reference to CV. */
287 if (exported_constant)
288 GvIMPORTED_CV_on(gv);
290 (void) start_subparse(0,0); /* Create empty CV in compcv. */
291 GvCV(gv) = PL_compcv;
295 mro_method_changed_in(GvSTASH(gv)); /* sub Foo::bar($) { (shift) } sub ASDF::baz($); *ASDF::baz = \&Foo::bar */
297 CvFILE_set_from_cop(GvCV(gv), PL_curcop);
298 CvSTASH(GvCV(gv)) = PL_curstash;
300 sv_usepvn_flags(MUTABLE_SV(GvCV(gv)), proto, protolen,
301 SV_HAS_TRAILING_NUL);
307 S_gv_init_sv(pTHX_ GV *gv, const svtype sv_type)
309 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_INIT_SV;
321 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
329 /* Work round what appears to be a bug in Sun C++ 5.8 2005/10/13
330 If we just cast GvSVn(gv) to void, it ignores evaluating it for
338 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth
340 Returns the glob with the given C<name> and a defined subroutine or
341 C<NULL>. The glob lives in the given C<stash>, or in the stashes
342 accessible via @ISA and UNIVERSAL::.
344 The argument C<level> should be either 0 or -1. If C<level==0>, as a
345 side-effect creates a glob with the given C<name> in the given C<stash>
346 which in the case of success contains an alias for the subroutine, and sets
347 up caching info for this glob.
349 This function grants C<"SUPER"> token as a postfix of the stash name. The
350 GV returned from C<gv_fetchmeth> may be a method cache entry, which is not
351 visible to Perl code. So when calling C<call_sv>, you should not use
352 the GV directly; instead, you should use the method's CV, which can be
353 obtained from the GV with the C<GvCV> macro.
358 /* NOTE: No support for tied ISA */
361 Perl_gv_fetchmeth(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, I32 level)
369 GV* candidate = NULL;
374 I32 create = (level >= 0) ? 1 : 0;
379 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETH;
381 /* UNIVERSAL methods should be callable without a stash */
383 create = 0; /* probably appropriate */
384 if(!(stash = gv_stashpvs("UNIVERSAL", 0)))
390 hvname = HvNAME_get(stash);
392 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't use anonymous symbol table for method lookup");
397 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Looking for method %s in package %s\n",name,hvname) );
399 topgen_cmp = HvMROMETA(stash)->cache_gen + PL_sub_generation;
401 /* check locally for a real method or a cache entry */
402 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash, name, len, create);
406 if (SvTYPE(topgv) != SVt_PVGV)
407 gv_init(topgv, stash, name, len, TRUE);
408 if ((cand_cv = GvCV(topgv))) {
409 /* If genuine method or valid cache entry, use it */
410 if (!GvCVGEN(topgv) || GvCVGEN(topgv) == topgen_cmp) {
414 /* stale cache entry, junk it and move on */
415 SvREFCNT_dec(cand_cv);
416 GvCV(topgv) = cand_cv = NULL;
420 else if (GvCVGEN(topgv) == topgen_cmp) {
421 /* cache indicates no such method definitively */
426 packlen = HvNAMELEN_get(stash);
427 if (packlen >= 7 && strEQ(hvname + packlen - 7, "::SUPER")) {
430 basestash = gv_stashpvn(hvname, packlen, GV_ADD);
431 linear_av = mro_get_linear_isa(basestash);
434 linear_av = mro_get_linear_isa(stash); /* has ourselves at the top of the list */
437 linear_svp = AvARRAY(linear_av) + 1; /* skip over self */
438 items = AvFILLp(linear_av); /* no +1, to skip over self */
440 linear_sv = *linear_svp++;
442 cstash = gv_stashsv(linear_sv, 0);
445 if (ckWARN(WARN_SYNTAX))
446 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_SYNTAX), "Can't locate package %"SVf" for @%s::ISA",
447 SVfARG(linear_sv), hvname);
453 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(cstash, name, len, 0);
457 if (SvTYPE(candidate) != SVt_PVGV) gv_init(candidate, cstash, name, len, TRUE);
458 if (SvTYPE(candidate) == SVt_PVGV && (cand_cv = GvCV(candidate)) && !GvCVGEN(candidate)) {
460 * Found real method, cache method in topgv if:
461 * 1. topgv has no synonyms (else inheritance crosses wires)
462 * 2. method isn't a stub (else AUTOLOAD fails spectacularly)
464 if (topgv && (GvREFCNT(topgv) == 1) && (CvROOT(cand_cv) || CvXSUB(cand_cv))) {
465 if ((old_cv = GvCV(topgv))) SvREFCNT_dec(old_cv);
466 SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void_NN(cand_cv);
467 GvCV(topgv) = cand_cv;
468 GvCVGEN(topgv) = topgen_cmp;
474 /* Check UNIVERSAL without caching */
475 if(level == 0 || level == -1) {
476 candidate = gv_fetchmeth(NULL, name, len, 1);
478 cand_cv = GvCV(candidate);
479 if (topgv && (GvREFCNT(topgv) == 1) && (CvROOT(cand_cv) || CvXSUB(cand_cv))) {
480 if ((old_cv = GvCV(topgv))) SvREFCNT_dec(old_cv);
481 SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void_NN(cand_cv);
482 GvCV(topgv) = cand_cv;
483 GvCVGEN(topgv) = topgen_cmp;
489 if (topgv && GvREFCNT(topgv) == 1) {
490 /* cache the fact that the method is not defined */
491 GvCVGEN(topgv) = topgen_cmp;
498 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth_autoload
500 Same as gv_fetchmeth(), but looks for autoloaded subroutines too.
501 Returns a glob for the subroutine.
503 For an autoloaded subroutine without a GV, will create a GV even
504 if C<level < 0>. For an autoloaded subroutine without a stub, GvCV()
505 of the result may be zero.
511 Perl_gv_fetchmeth_autoload(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, I32 level)
513 GV *gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, name, len, level);
515 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETH_AUTOLOAD;
522 return NULL; /* UNIVERSAL::AUTOLOAD could cause trouble */
523 if (len == S_autolen && memEQ(name, S_autoload, S_autolen))
525 if (!(gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, S_autoload, S_autolen, FALSE)))
528 if (!(CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv)))
530 /* Have an autoload */
531 if (level < 0) /* Cannot do without a stub */
532 gv_fetchmeth(stash, name, len, 0);
533 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash, name, len, (level >= 0));
542 =for apidoc gv_fetchmethod_autoload
544 Returns the glob which contains the subroutine to call to invoke the method
545 on the C<stash>. In fact in the presence of autoloading this may be the
546 glob for "AUTOLOAD". In this case the corresponding variable $AUTOLOAD is
549 The third parameter of C<gv_fetchmethod_autoload> determines whether
550 AUTOLOAD lookup is performed if the given method is not present: non-zero
551 means yes, look for AUTOLOAD; zero means no, don't look for AUTOLOAD.
552 Calling C<gv_fetchmethod> is equivalent to calling C<gv_fetchmethod_autoload>
553 with a non-zero C<autoload> parameter.
555 These functions grant C<"SUPER"> token as a prefix of the method name. Note
556 that if you want to keep the returned glob for a long time, you need to
557 check for it being "AUTOLOAD", since at the later time the call may load a
558 different subroutine due to $AUTOLOAD changing its value. Use the glob
559 created via a side effect to do this.
561 These functions have the same side-effects and as C<gv_fetchmeth> with
562 C<level==0>. C<name> should be writable if contains C<':'> or C<'
563 ''>. The warning against passing the GV returned by C<gv_fetchmeth> to
564 C<call_sv> apply equally to these functions.
570 S_gv_get_super_pkg(pTHX_ const char* name, I32 namelen)
577 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_GET_SUPER_PKG;
579 stash = gv_stashpvn(name, namelen, 0);
580 if(stash) return stash;
582 /* If we must create it, give it an @ISA array containing
583 the real package this SUPER is for, so that it's tied
584 into the cache invalidation code correctly */
585 stash = gv_stashpvn(name, namelen, GV_ADD);
586 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetchs(stash, "ISA", TRUE);
588 gv_init(gv, stash, "ISA", 3, TRUE);
589 superisa = GvAVn(gv);
591 sv_magic(MUTABLE_SV(superisa), MUTABLE_SV(gv), PERL_MAGIC_isa, NULL, 0);
593 av_push(superisa, newSVpv(CopSTASHPV(PL_curcop), 0));
595 av_push(superisa, newSVhek(CopSTASH(PL_curcop)
596 ? HvNAME_HEK(CopSTASH(PL_curcop)) : NULL));
603 Perl_gv_fetchmethod_autoload(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, I32 autoload)
605 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETHOD_AUTOLOAD;
607 return gv_fetchmethod_flags(stash, name, autoload ? GV_AUTOLOAD : 0);
610 /* Don't merge this yet, as it's likely to get a len parameter, and possibly
613 Perl_gv_fetchmethod_flags(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, U32 flags)
616 register const char *nend;
617 const char *nsplit = NULL;
620 const char * const origname = name;
621 SV *const error_report = MUTABLE_SV(stash);
622 const U32 autoload = flags & GV_AUTOLOAD;
623 const U32 do_croak = flags & GV_CROAK;
625 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETHOD_FLAGS;
627 if (SvTYPE(stash) < SVt_PVHV)
630 /* The only way stash can become NULL later on is if nsplit is set,
631 which in turn means that there is no need for a SVt_PVHV case
632 the error reporting code. */
635 for (nend = name; *nend; nend++) {
640 else if (*nend == ':' && *(nend + 1) == ':') {
646 if ((nsplit - origname) == 5 && memEQ(origname, "SUPER", 5)) {
647 /* ->SUPER::method should really be looked up in original stash */
648 SV * const tmpstr = sv_2mortal(Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_ "%s::SUPER",
649 CopSTASHPV(PL_curcop)));
650 /* __PACKAGE__::SUPER stash should be autovivified */
651 stash = gv_get_super_pkg(SvPVX_const(tmpstr), SvCUR(tmpstr));
652 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Treating %s as %s::%s\n",
653 origname, HvNAME_get(stash), name) );
656 /* don't autovifify if ->NoSuchStash::method */
657 stash = gv_stashpvn(origname, nsplit - origname, 0);
659 /* however, explicit calls to Pkg::SUPER::method may
660 happen, and may require autovivification to work */
661 if (!stash && (nsplit - origname) >= 7 &&
662 strnEQ(nsplit - 7, "::SUPER", 7) &&
663 gv_stashpvn(origname, nsplit - origname - 7, 0))
664 stash = gv_get_super_pkg(origname, nsplit - origname);
669 gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, name, nend - name, 0);
671 if (strEQ(name,"import") || strEQ(name,"unimport"))
672 gv = MUTABLE_GV(&PL_sv_yes);
674 gv = gv_autoload4(ostash, name, nend - name, TRUE);
675 if (!gv && do_croak) {
676 /* Right now this is exclusively for the benefit of S_method_common
680 "Can't locate object method \"%s\" via package \"%.*s\"",
681 name, (int)HvNAMELEN_get(stash), HvNAME_get(stash));
685 const char *packname;
688 packlen = nsplit - origname;
691 packname = SvPV_const(error_report, packlen);
695 "Can't locate object method \"%s\" via package \"%.*s\""
696 " (perhaps you forgot to load \"%.*s\"?)",
697 name, (int)packlen, packname, (int)packlen, packname);
702 CV* const cv = GvCV(gv);
703 if (!CvROOT(cv) && !CvXSUB(cv)) {
711 if (GvCV(stubgv) != cv) /* orphaned import */
714 autogv = gv_autoload4(GvSTASH(stubgv),
715 GvNAME(stubgv), GvNAMELEN(stubgv), TRUE);
725 Perl_gv_autoload4(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, I32 method)
733 const char *packname = "";
734 STRLEN packname_len = 0;
736 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_AUTOLOAD4;
738 if (len == S_autolen && memEQ(name, S_autoload, S_autolen))
741 if (SvTYPE(stash) < SVt_PVHV) {
742 packname = SvPV_const(MUTABLE_SV(stash), packname_len);
746 packname = HvNAME_get(stash);
747 packname_len = HvNAMELEN_get(stash);
750 if (!(gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, S_autoload, S_autolen, FALSE)))
754 if (!(CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv)))
758 * Inheriting AUTOLOAD for non-methods works ... for now.
760 if (!method && (GvCVGEN(gv) || GvSTASH(gv) != stash)
761 && ckWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX)
763 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX),
764 "Use of inherited AUTOLOAD for non-method %s::%.*s() is deprecated",
765 packname, (int)len, name);
768 /* rather than lookup/init $AUTOLOAD here
769 * only to have the XSUB do another lookup for $AUTOLOAD
770 * and split that value on the last '::',
771 * pass along the same data via some unused fields in the CV
774 SvPV_set(cv, (char *)name); /* cast to lose constness warning */
780 * Given &FOO::AUTOLOAD, set $FOO::AUTOLOAD to desired function name.
781 * The subroutine's original name may not be "AUTOLOAD", so we don't
782 * use that, but for lack of anything better we will use the sub's
783 * original package to look up $AUTOLOAD.
785 varstash = GvSTASH(CvGV(cv));
786 vargv = *(GV**)hv_fetch(varstash, S_autoload, S_autolen, TRUE);
790 gv_init(vargv, varstash, S_autoload, S_autolen, FALSE);
791 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
792 GvSV(vargv) = newSV(0);
796 varsv = GvSVn(vargv);
797 sv_setpvn(varsv, packname, packname_len);
798 sv_catpvs(varsv, "::");
799 sv_catpvn(varsv, name, len);
804 /* require_tie_mod() internal routine for requiring a module
805 * that implements the logic of automatical ties like %! and %-
807 * The "gv" parameter should be the glob.
808 * "varpv" holds the name of the var, used for error messages.
809 * "namesv" holds the module name. Its refcount will be decremented.
810 * "methpv" holds the method name to test for to check that things
811 * are working reasonably close to as expected.
812 * "flags": if flag & 1 then save the scalar before loading.
813 * For the protection of $! to work (it is set by this routine)
814 * the sv slot must already be magicalized.
817 S_require_tie_mod(pTHX_ GV *gv, const char *varpv, SV* namesv, const char *methpv,const U32 flags)
820 HV* stash = gv_stashsv(namesv, 0);
822 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_REQUIRE_TIE_MOD;
824 if (!stash || !(gv_fetchmethod(stash, methpv))) {
825 SV *module = newSVsv(namesv);
826 char varname = *varpv; /* varpv might be clobbered by load_module,
827 so save it. For the moment it's always
833 PUSHSTACKi(PERLSI_MAGIC);
834 Perl_load_module(aTHX_ PERL_LOADMOD_NOIMPORT, module, NULL);
838 stash = gv_stashsv(namesv, 0);
840 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: Can't use %%%c because %"SVf" is not available",
841 varname, SVfARG(namesv));
842 else if (!gv_fetchmethod(stash, methpv))
843 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: Can't use %%%c because %"SVf" does not support method %s",
844 varname, SVfARG(namesv), methpv);
846 SvREFCNT_dec(namesv);
851 =for apidoc gv_stashpv
853 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package. Uses C<strlen> to
854 determine the length of C<name>, then calls C<gv_stashpvn()>.
860 Perl_gv_stashpv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
862 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_STASHPV;
863 return gv_stashpvn(name, strlen(name), create);
867 =for apidoc gv_stashpvn
869 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package. The C<namelen>
870 parameter indicates the length of the C<name>, in bytes. C<flags> is passed
871 to C<gv_fetchpvn_flags()>, so if set to C<GV_ADD> then the package will be
872 created if it does not already exist. If the package does not exist and
873 C<flags> is 0 (or any other setting that does not create packages) then NULL
881 Perl_gv_stashpvn(pTHX_ const char *name, U32 namelen, I32 flags)
888 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_STASHPVN;
890 if (namelen + 2 <= sizeof smallbuf)
893 Newx(tmpbuf, namelen + 2, char);
894 Copy(name,tmpbuf,namelen,char);
895 tmpbuf[namelen++] = ':';
896 tmpbuf[namelen++] = ':';
897 tmpgv = gv_fetchpvn_flags(tmpbuf, namelen, flags, SVt_PVHV);
898 if (tmpbuf != smallbuf)
903 GvHV(tmpgv) = newHV();
905 if (!HvNAME_get(stash))
906 hv_name_set(stash, name, namelen, 0);
911 =for apidoc gv_stashsv
913 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package. See C<gv_stashpvn>.
919 Perl_gv_stashsv(pTHX_ SV *sv, I32 flags)
922 const char * const ptr = SvPV_const(sv,len);
924 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_STASHSV;
926 return gv_stashpvn(ptr, len, flags);
931 Perl_gv_fetchpv(pTHX_ const char *nambeg, I32 add, const svtype sv_type) {
932 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHPV;
933 return gv_fetchpvn_flags(nambeg, strlen(nambeg), add, sv_type);
937 Perl_gv_fetchsv(pTHX_ SV *name, I32 flags, const svtype sv_type) {
939 const char * const nambeg = SvPV_const(name, len);
940 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHSV;
941 return gv_fetchpvn_flags(nambeg, len, flags | SvUTF8(name), sv_type);
945 Perl_gv_fetchpvn_flags(pTHX_ const char *nambeg, STRLEN full_len, I32 flags,
946 const svtype sv_type)
949 register const char *name = nambeg;
950 register GV *gv = NULL;
953 register const char *name_cursor;
955 const I32 no_init = flags & (GV_NOADD_NOINIT | GV_NOINIT);
956 const I32 no_expand = flags & GV_NOEXPAND;
957 const I32 add = flags & ~GV_NOADD_MASK;
958 const char *const name_end = nambeg + full_len;
959 const char *const name_em1 = name_end - 1;
962 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHPVN_FLAGS;
964 if (flags & GV_NOTQUAL) {
965 /* Caller promised that there is no stash, so we can skip the check. */
970 if (full_len > 2 && *name == '*' && isALPHA(name[1])) {
971 /* accidental stringify on a GV? */
975 for (name_cursor = name; name_cursor < name_end; name_cursor++) {
976 if ((*name_cursor == ':' && name_cursor < name_em1
977 && name_cursor[1] == ':')
978 || (*name_cursor == '\'' && name_cursor[1]))
982 if (!stash || !SvREFCNT(stash)) /* symbol table under destruction */
985 len = name_cursor - name;
990 if (len + 2 <= (I32)sizeof (smallbuf))
993 Newx(tmpbuf, len+2, char);
994 Copy(name, tmpbuf, len, char);
997 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash,tmpbuf,len,add);
998 gv = gvp ? *gvp : NULL;
999 if (gv && gv != (const GV *)&PL_sv_undef) {
1000 if (SvTYPE(gv) != SVt_PVGV)
1001 gv_init(gv, stash, tmpbuf, len, (add & GV_ADDMULTI));
1005 if (tmpbuf != smallbuf)
1007 if (!gv || gv == (const GV *)&PL_sv_undef)
1010 if (!(stash = GvHV(gv)))
1011 stash = GvHV(gv) = newHV();
1013 if (!HvNAME_get(stash))
1014 hv_name_set(stash, nambeg, name_cursor - nambeg, 0);
1017 if (*name_cursor == ':')
1021 if (name == name_end)
1023 ? gv : MUTABLE_GV(*hv_fetchs(PL_defstash, "main::", TRUE));
1026 len = name_cursor - name;
1028 /* No stash in name, so see how we can default */
1032 if (len && isIDFIRST_lazy(name)) {
1033 bool global = FALSE;
1041 if ((name[0] == 'I' && name[1] == 'N' && name[2] == 'C')
1042 || (name[0] == 'E' && name[1] == 'N' && name[2] == 'V')
1043 || (name[0] == 'S' && name[1] == 'I' && name[2] == 'G'))
1047 if (name[0] == 'A' && name[1] == 'R' && name[2] == 'G'
1052 if (name[0] == 'S' && name[1] == 'T' && name[2] == 'D'
1053 && name[3] == 'I' && name[4] == 'N')
1057 if ((name[0] == 'S' && name[1] == 'T' && name[2] == 'D')
1058 &&((name[3] == 'O' && name[4] == 'U' && name[5] == 'T')
1059 ||(name[3] == 'E' && name[4] == 'R' && name[5] == 'R')))
1063 if (name[0] == 'A' && name[1] == 'R' && name[2] == 'G'
1064 && name[3] == 'V' && name[4] == 'O' && name[5] == 'U'
1071 stash = PL_defstash;
1072 else if (IN_PERL_COMPILETIME) {
1073 stash = PL_curstash;
1074 if (add && (PL_hints & HINT_STRICT_VARS) &&
1075 sv_type != SVt_PVCV &&
1076 sv_type != SVt_PVGV &&
1077 sv_type != SVt_PVFM &&
1078 sv_type != SVt_PVIO &&
1079 !(len == 1 && sv_type == SVt_PV &&
1080 (*name == 'a' || *name == 'b')) )
1082 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash,name,len,0);
1084 *gvp == (const GV *)&PL_sv_undef ||
1085 SvTYPE(*gvp) != SVt_PVGV)
1089 else if ((sv_type == SVt_PV && !GvIMPORTED_SV(*gvp)) ||
1090 (sv_type == SVt_PVAV && !GvIMPORTED_AV(*gvp)) ||
1091 (sv_type == SVt_PVHV && !GvIMPORTED_HV(*gvp)) )
1093 Perl_warn(aTHX_ "Variable \"%c%s\" is not imported",
1094 sv_type == SVt_PVAV ? '@' :
1095 sv_type == SVt_PVHV ? '%' : '$',
1098 Perl_warn(aTHX_ "\t(Did you mean &%s instead?)\n", name);
1104 stash = CopSTASH(PL_curcop);
1107 stash = PL_defstash;
1110 /* By this point we should have a stash and a name */
1114 SV * const err = Perl_mess(aTHX_
1115 "Global symbol \"%s%s\" requires explicit package name",
1116 (sv_type == SVt_PV ? "$"
1117 : sv_type == SVt_PVAV ? "@"
1118 : sv_type == SVt_PVHV ? "%"
1121 if (USE_UTF8_IN_NAMES)
1124 gv = gv_fetchpvs("<none>::", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV);
1126 /* symbol table under destruction */
1135 if (!SvREFCNT(stash)) /* symbol table under destruction */
1138 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash,name,len,add);
1139 if (!gvp || *gvp == (const GV *)&PL_sv_undef)
1142 if (SvTYPE(gv) == SVt_PVGV) {
1145 gv_init_sv(gv, sv_type);
1146 if (len == 1 && (sv_type == SVt_PVHV || sv_type == SVt_PVGV)) {
1148 require_tie_mod(gv, "!", newSVpvs("Errno"), "TIEHASH", 1);
1149 else if (*name == '-' || *name == '+')
1150 require_tie_mod(gv, name, newSVpvs("Tie::Hash::NamedCapture"), "TIEHASH", 0);
1154 } else if (no_init) {
1156 } else if (no_expand && SvROK(gv)) {
1160 /* Adding a new symbol.
1161 Unless of course there was already something non-GV here, in which case
1162 we want to behave as if there was always a GV here, containing some sort
1164 Otherwise we run the risk of creating things like GvIO, which can cause
1165 subtle bugs. eg the one that tripped up SQL::Translator */
1167 faking_it = SvOK(gv);
1169 if (add & GV_ADDWARN && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL))
1170 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL), "Had to create %s unexpectedly", nambeg);
1171 gv_init(gv, stash, name, len, add & GV_ADDMULTI);
1172 gv_init_sv(gv, faking_it ? SVt_PVCV : sv_type);
1174 if (isALPHA(name[0]) && ! (isLEXWARN_on ? ckWARN(WARN_ONCE)
1175 : (PL_dowarn & G_WARN_ON ) ) )
1178 /* set up magic where warranted */
1183 /* Nothing else to do.
1184 The compiler will probably turn the switch statement into a
1185 branch table. Make sure we avoid even that small overhead for
1186 the common case of lower case variable names. */
1190 const char * const name2 = name + 1;
1193 if (strEQ(name2, "RGV")) {
1194 IoFLAGS(GvIOn(gv)) |= IOf_ARGV|IOf_START;
1196 else if (strEQ(name2, "RGVOUT")) {
1201 if (strnEQ(name2, "XPORT", 5))
1205 if (strEQ(name2, "SA")) {
1206 AV* const av = GvAVn(gv);
1208 sv_magic(MUTABLE_SV(av), MUTABLE_SV(gv), PERL_MAGIC_isa,
1210 /* NOTE: No support for tied ISA */
1211 if ((add & GV_ADDMULTI) && strEQ(nambeg,"AnyDBM_File::ISA")
1212 && AvFILLp(av) == -1)
1215 av_push(av, newSVpvs(pname = "NDBM_File"));
1216 gv_stashpvn(pname, 9, GV_ADD);
1217 av_push(av, newSVpvs(pname = "DB_File"));
1218 gv_stashpvn(pname, 7, GV_ADD);
1219 av_push(av, newSVpvs(pname = "GDBM_File"));
1220 gv_stashpvn(pname, 9, GV_ADD);
1221 av_push(av, newSVpvs(pname = "SDBM_File"));
1222 gv_stashpvn(pname, 9, GV_ADD);
1223 av_push(av, newSVpvs(pname = "ODBM_File"));
1224 gv_stashpvn(pname, 9, GV_ADD);
1229 if (strEQ(name2, "VERLOAD")) {
1230 HV* const hv = GvHVn(gv);
1232 hv_magic(hv, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_overload);
1236 if (strEQ(name2, "IG")) {
1240 Newxz(PL_psig_ptr, SIG_SIZE, SV*);
1241 Newxz(PL_psig_name, SIG_SIZE, SV*);
1242 Newxz(PL_psig_pend, SIG_SIZE, int);
1246 hv_magic(hv, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_sig);
1247 for (i = 1; i < SIG_SIZE; i++) {
1248 SV * const * const init = hv_fetch(hv, PL_sig_name[i], strlen(PL_sig_name[i]), 1);
1250 sv_setsv(*init, &PL_sv_undef);
1252 PL_psig_name[i] = 0;
1253 PL_psig_pend[i] = 0;
1258 if (strEQ(name2, "ERSION"))
1261 case '\003': /* $^CHILD_ERROR_NATIVE */
1262 if (strEQ(name2, "HILD_ERROR_NATIVE"))
1265 case '\005': /* $^ENCODING */
1266 if (strEQ(name2, "NCODING"))
1269 case '\015': /* $^MATCH */
1270 if (strEQ(name2, "ATCH"))
1272 case '\017': /* $^OPEN */
1273 if (strEQ(name2, "PEN"))
1276 case '\020': /* $^PREMATCH $^POSTMATCH */
1277 if (strEQ(name2, "REMATCH") || strEQ(name2, "OSTMATCH"))
1279 case '\024': /* ${^TAINT} */
1280 if (strEQ(name2, "AINT"))
1283 case '\025': /* ${^UNICODE}, ${^UTF8LOCALE} */
1284 if (strEQ(name2, "NICODE"))
1286 if (strEQ(name2, "TF8LOCALE"))
1288 if (strEQ(name2, "TF8CACHE"))
1291 case '\027': /* $^WARNING_BITS */
1292 if (strEQ(name2, "ARNING_BITS"))
1305 /* Ensures that we have an all-digit variable, ${"1foo"} fails
1307 /* This snippet is taken from is_gv_magical */
1308 const char *end = name + len;
1309 while (--end > name) {
1310 if (!isDIGIT(*end)) return gv;
1317 /* Names of length 1. (Or 0. But name is NUL terminated, so that will
1318 be case '\0' in this switch statement (ie a default case) */
1324 sv_type == SVt_PVAV ||
1325 sv_type == SVt_PVHV ||
1326 sv_type == SVt_PVCV ||
1327 sv_type == SVt_PVFM ||
1330 PL_sawampersand = TRUE;
1334 sv_setpv(GvSVn(gv),PL_chopset);
1338 #ifdef COMPLEX_STATUS
1339 SvUPGRADE(GvSVn(gv), SVt_PVLV);
1345 /* If %! has been used, automatically load Errno.pm. */
1347 sv_magic(GvSVn(gv), MUTABLE_SV(gv), PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, len);
1349 /* magicalization must be done before require_tie_mod is called */
1350 if (sv_type == SVt_PVHV || sv_type == SVt_PVGV)
1351 require_tie_mod(gv, "!", newSVpvs("Errno"), "TIEHASH", 1);
1356 GvMULTI_on(gv); /* no used once warnings here */
1358 AV* const av = GvAVn(gv);
1359 SV* const avc = (*name == '+') ? MUTABLE_SV(av) : NULL;
1361 sv_magic(MUTABLE_SV(av), avc, PERL_MAGIC_regdata, NULL, 0);
1362 sv_magic(GvSVn(gv), MUTABLE_SV(gv), PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, len);
1364 SvREADONLY_on(GvSVn(gv));
1367 if (sv_type == SVt_PVHV || sv_type == SVt_PVGV)
1368 require_tie_mod(gv, name, newSVpvs("Tie::Hash::NamedCapture"), "TIEHASH", 0);
1374 if (sv_type == SVt_PV && ckWARN2_d(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX))
1375 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX),
1376 "$%c is no longer supported", *name);
1379 sv_setiv(GvSVn(gv), (IV)(IoFLAGS(GvIOp(PL_defoutgv)) & IOf_FLUSH) != 0);
1382 case '\010': /* $^H */
1384 HV *const hv = GvHVn(gv);
1385 hv_magic(hv, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_hints);
1388 case '\023': /* $^S */
1390 SvREADONLY_on(GvSVn(gv));
1414 case '\001': /* $^A */
1415 case '\003': /* $^C */
1416 case '\004': /* $^D */
1417 case '\005': /* $^E */
1418 case '\006': /* $^F */
1419 case '\011': /* $^I, NOT \t in EBCDIC */
1420 case '\016': /* $^N */
1421 case '\017': /* $^O */
1422 case '\020': /* $^P */
1423 case '\024': /* $^T */
1424 case '\027': /* $^W */
1426 sv_magic(GvSVn(gv), MUTABLE_SV(gv), PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, len);
1429 case '\014': /* $^L */
1430 sv_setpvs(GvSVn(gv),"\f");
1431 PL_formfeed = GvSVn(gv);
1434 sv_setpvs(GvSVn(gv),"\034");
1438 SV * const sv = GvSVn(gv);
1439 if (!sv_derived_from(PL_patchlevel, "version"))
1440 upg_version(PL_patchlevel, TRUE);
1441 GvSV(gv) = vnumify(PL_patchlevel);
1442 SvREADONLY_on(GvSV(gv));
1446 case '\026': /* $^V */
1448 SV * const sv = GvSVn(gv);
1449 GvSV(gv) = new_version(PL_patchlevel);
1450 SvREADONLY_on(GvSV(gv));
1460 Perl_gv_fullname4(pTHX_ SV *sv, const GV *gv, const char *prefix, bool keepmain)
1464 const HV * const hv = GvSTASH(gv);
1466 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FULLNAME4;
1472 sv_setpv(sv, prefix ? prefix : "");
1474 name = HvNAME_get(hv);
1476 namelen = HvNAMELEN_get(hv);
1482 if (keepmain || strNE(name, "main")) {
1483 sv_catpvn(sv,name,namelen);
1486 sv_catpvn(sv,GvNAME(gv),GvNAMELEN(gv));
1490 Perl_gv_efullname4(pTHX_ SV *sv, const GV *gv, const char *prefix, bool keepmain)
1492 const GV * const egv = GvEGV(gv);
1494 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_EFULLNAME4;
1496 gv_fullname4(sv, egv ? egv : gv, prefix, keepmain);
1504 IO * const io = MUTABLE_IO(newSV_type(SVt_PVIO));
1505 /* This used to read SvREFCNT(io) = 1;
1506 It's not clear why the reference count needed an explicit reset. NWC
1508 assert (SvREFCNT(io) == 1);
1510 /* Clear the stashcache because a new IO could overrule a package name */
1511 hv_clear(PL_stashcache);
1512 iogv = gv_fetchpvs("FileHandle::", 0, SVt_PVHV);
1513 /* unless exists($main::{FileHandle}) and defined(%main::FileHandle::) */
1514 if (!(iogv && GvHV(iogv) && HvARRAY(GvHV(iogv))))
1515 iogv = gv_fetchpvs("IO::Handle::", GV_ADD, SVt_PVHV);
1516 SvSTASH_set(io, MUTABLE_HV(SvREFCNT_inc(GvHV(iogv))));
1521 Perl_gv_check(pTHX_ const HV *stash)
1526 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_CHECK;
1528 if (!HvARRAY(stash))
1530 for (i = 0; i <= (I32) HvMAX(stash); i++) {
1532 for (entry = HvARRAY(stash)[i]; entry; entry = HeNEXT(entry)) {
1535 if (HeKEY(entry)[HeKLEN(entry)-1] == ':' &&
1536 (gv = MUTABLE_GV(HeVAL(entry))) && isGV(gv) && (hv = GvHV(gv)))
1538 if (hv != PL_defstash && hv != stash)
1539 gv_check(hv); /* nested package */
1541 else if (isALPHA(*HeKEY(entry))) {
1543 gv = MUTABLE_GV(HeVAL(entry));
1544 if (SvTYPE(gv) != SVt_PVGV || GvMULTI(gv))
1547 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, GvLINE(gv));
1549 CopFILE(PL_curcop) = (char *)file; /* set for warning */
1551 CopFILEGV(PL_curcop)
1552 = gv_fetchfile_flags(file, HEK_LEN(GvFILE_HEK(gv)), 0);
1554 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_ONCE),
1555 "Name \"%s::%s\" used only once: possible typo",
1556 HvNAME_get(stash), GvNAME(gv));
1563 Perl_newGVgen(pTHX_ const char *pack)
1567 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_NEWGVGEN;
1569 return gv_fetchpv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "%s::_GEN_%ld", pack, (long)PL_gensym++),
1573 /* hopefully this is only called on local symbol table entries */
1576 Perl_gp_ref(pTHX_ GP *gp)
1584 /* If the GP they asked for a reference to contains
1585 a method cache entry, clear it first, so that we
1586 don't infect them with our cached entry */
1587 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_cv);
1596 Perl_gp_free(pTHX_ GV *gv)
1601 if (!gv || !isGV_with_GP(gv) || !(gp = GvGP(gv)))
1603 if (gp->gp_refcnt == 0) {
1604 if (ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL))
1605 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
1606 "Attempt to free unreferenced glob pointers"
1607 pTHX__FORMAT pTHX__VALUE);
1610 if (--gp->gp_refcnt > 0) {
1611 if (gp->gp_egv == gv)
1617 if (gp->gp_file_hek)
1618 unshare_hek(gp->gp_file_hek);
1619 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_sv);
1620 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_av);
1621 /* FIXME - another reference loop GV -> symtab -> GV ?
1622 Somehow gp->gp_hv can end up pointing at freed garbage. */
1623 if (gp->gp_hv && SvTYPE(gp->gp_hv) == SVt_PVHV) {
1624 const char *hvname = HvNAME_get(gp->gp_hv);
1625 if (PL_stashcache && hvname)
1626 (void)hv_delete(PL_stashcache, hvname, HvNAMELEN_get(gp->gp_hv),
1628 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_hv);
1630 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_io);
1631 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_cv);
1632 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_form);
1639 Perl_magic_freeovrld(pTHX_ SV *sv, MAGIC *mg)
1641 AMT * const amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr;
1642 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(sv);
1644 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_MAGIC_FREEOVRLD;
1646 if (amtp && AMT_AMAGIC(amtp)) {
1648 for (i = 1; i < NofAMmeth; i++) {
1649 CV * const cv = amtp->table[i];
1651 SvREFCNT_dec(MUTABLE_SV(cv));
1652 amtp->table[i] = NULL;
1659 /* Updates and caches the CV's */
1662 Perl_Gv_AMupdate(pTHX_ HV *stash)
1665 MAGIC* const mg = mg_find((const SV *)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1667 const struct mro_meta* stash_meta = HvMROMETA(stash);
1670 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_AMUPDATE;
1672 newgen = PL_sub_generation + stash_meta->pkg_gen + stash_meta->cache_gen;
1674 const AMT * const amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr;
1675 if (amtp->was_ok_am == PL_amagic_generation
1676 && amtp->was_ok_sub == newgen) {
1677 return (bool)AMT_OVERLOADED(amtp);
1679 sv_unmagic(MUTABLE_SV(stash), PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1682 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Recalcing overload magic in package %s\n",HvNAME_get(stash)) );
1685 amt.was_ok_am = PL_amagic_generation;
1686 amt.was_ok_sub = newgen;
1687 amt.fallback = AMGfallNO;
1691 int filled = 0, have_ovl = 0;
1694 /* Work with "fallback" key, which we assume to be first in PL_AMG_names */
1696 /* Try to find via inheritance. */
1697 GV *gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, PL_AMG_names[0], 2, -1);
1698 SV * const sv = gv ? GvSV(gv) : NULL;
1702 lim = DESTROY_amg; /* Skip overloading entries. */
1703 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
1705 NOOP; /* Equivalent to !SvTRUE and !SvOK */
1708 else if (SvTRUE(sv))
1709 amt.fallback=AMGfallYES;
1711 amt.fallback=AMGfallNEVER;
1713 for (i = 1; i < lim; i++)
1714 amt.table[i] = NULL;
1715 for (; i < NofAMmeth; i++) {
1716 const char * const cooky = PL_AMG_names[i];
1717 /* Human-readable form, for debugging: */
1718 const char * const cp = (i >= DESTROY_amg ? cooky : AMG_id2name(i));
1719 const STRLEN l = PL_AMG_namelens[i];
1721 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Checking overloading of \"%s\" in package \"%.256s\"\n",
1722 cp, HvNAME_get(stash)) );
1723 /* don't fill the cache while looking up!
1724 Creation of inheritance stubs in intermediate packages may
1725 conflict with the logic of runtime method substitution.
1726 Indeed, for inheritance A -> B -> C, if C overloads "+0",
1727 then we could have created stubs for "(+0" in A and C too.
1728 But if B overloads "bool", we may want to use it for
1729 numifying instead of C's "+0". */
1730 if (i >= DESTROY_amg)
1731 gv = Perl_gv_fetchmeth_autoload(aTHX_ stash, cooky, l, 0);
1732 else /* Autoload taken care of below */
1733 gv = Perl_gv_fetchmeth(aTHX_ stash, cooky, l, -1);
1735 if (gv && (cv = GvCV(gv))) {
1737 if (GvNAMELEN(CvGV(cv)) == 3 && strEQ(GvNAME(CvGV(cv)), "nil")
1738 && strEQ(hvname = HvNAME_get(GvSTASH(CvGV(cv))), "overload")) {
1739 /* This is a hack to support autoloading..., while
1740 knowing *which* methods were declared as overloaded. */
1741 /* GvSV contains the name of the method. */
1743 SV *gvsv = GvSV(gv);
1745 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Resolving method \"%"SVf256\
1746 "\" for overloaded \"%s\" in package \"%.256s\"\n",
1747 (void*)GvSV(gv), cp, hvname) );
1748 if (!gvsv || !SvPOK(gvsv)
1749 || !(ngv = gv_fetchmethod_autoload(stash, SvPVX_const(gvsv),
1752 /* Can be an import stub (created by "can"). */
1753 const char * const name = (gvsv && SvPOK(gvsv)) ? SvPVX_const(gvsv) : "???";
1754 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s method \"%.256s\" overloading \"%s\" "\
1755 "in package \"%.256s\"",
1756 (GvCVGEN(gv) ? "Stub found while resolving"
1760 cv = GvCV(gv = ngv);
1762 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Overloading \"%s\" in package \"%.256s\" via \"%.256s::%.256s\"\n",
1763 cp, HvNAME_get(stash), HvNAME_get(GvSTASH(CvGV(cv))),
1764 GvNAME(CvGV(cv))) );
1766 if (i < DESTROY_amg)
1768 } else if (gv) { /* Autoloaded... */
1769 cv = MUTABLE_CV(gv);
1772 amt.table[i]=MUTABLE_CV(SvREFCNT_inc_simple(cv));
1775 AMT_AMAGIC_on(&amt);
1777 AMT_OVERLOADED_on(&amt);
1778 sv_magic(MUTABLE_SV(stash), 0, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table,
1779 (char*)&amt, sizeof(AMT));
1783 /* Here we have no table: */
1785 AMT_AMAGIC_off(&amt);
1786 sv_magic(MUTABLE_SV(stash), 0, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table,
1787 (char*)&amt, sizeof(AMTS));
1793 Perl_gv_handler(pTHX_ HV *stash, I32 id)
1799 struct mro_meta* stash_meta;
1801 if (!stash || !HvNAME_get(stash))
1804 stash_meta = HvMROMETA(stash);
1805 newgen = PL_sub_generation + stash_meta->pkg_gen + stash_meta->cache_gen;
1807 mg = mg_find((const SV *)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1811 mg = mg_find((const SV *)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1814 amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr;
1815 if ( amtp->was_ok_am != PL_amagic_generation
1816 || amtp->was_ok_sub != newgen )
1818 if (AMT_AMAGIC(amtp)) {
1819 CV * const ret = amtp->table[id];
1820 if (ret && isGV(ret)) { /* Autoloading stab */
1821 /* Passing it through may have resulted in a warning
1822 "Inherited AUTOLOAD for a non-method deprecated", since
1823 our caller is going through a function call, not a method call.
1824 So return the CV for AUTOLOAD, setting $AUTOLOAD. */
1825 GV * const gv = gv_fetchmethod(stash, PL_AMG_names[id]);
1838 Perl_amagic_call(pTHX_ SV *left, SV *right, int method, int flags)
1843 CV **cvp=NULL, **ocvp=NULL;
1844 AMT *amtp=NULL, *oamtp=NULL;
1845 int off = 0, off1, lr = 0, notfound = 0;
1846 int postpr = 0, force_cpy = 0;
1847 int assign = AMGf_assign & flags;
1848 const int assignshift = assign ? 1 : 0;
1854 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_AMAGIC_CALL;
1856 if (!(AMGf_noleft & flags) && SvAMAGIC(left)
1857 && (stash = SvSTASH(SvRV(left)))
1858 && (mg = mg_find((const SV *)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table))
1859 && (ocvp = cvp = (AMT_AMAGIC((AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)
1860 ? (oamtp = amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)->table
1862 && ((cv = cvp[off=method+assignshift])
1863 || (assign && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER && /* fallback to
1869 cv = cvp[off=method])))) {
1870 lr = -1; /* Call method for left argument */
1872 if (cvp && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER && flags & AMGf_unary) {
1875 /* look for substituted methods */
1876 /* In all the covered cases we should be called with assign==0. */
1880 if ((cv = cvp[off=add_ass_amg])
1881 || ((cv = cvp[off = add_amg]) && (force_cpy = 0, postpr = 1))) {
1882 right = &PL_sv_yes; lr = -1; assign = 1;
1887 if ((cv = cvp[off = subtr_ass_amg])
1888 || ((cv = cvp[off = subtr_amg]) && (force_cpy = 0, postpr=1))) {
1889 right = &PL_sv_yes; lr = -1; assign = 1;
1893 (void)((cv = cvp[off=numer_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=string_amg]));
1896 (void)((cv = cvp[off=string_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=bool__amg]));
1899 (void)((cv = cvp[off=numer_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=bool__amg]));
1902 (void)((cv = cvp[off=bool__amg])
1903 || (cv = cvp[off=numer_amg])
1904 || (cv = cvp[off=string_amg]));
1910 * SV* ref causes confusion with the interpreter variable of
1913 SV* const tmpRef=SvRV(left);
1914 if (!SvROK(tmpRef) && SvTYPE(tmpRef) <= SVt_PVMG) {
1916 * Just to be extra cautious. Maybe in some
1917 * additional cases sv_setsv is safe, too.
1919 SV* const newref = newSVsv(tmpRef);
1920 SvOBJECT_on(newref);
1921 /* As a bit of a source compatibility hack, SvAMAGIC() and
1922 friends dereference an RV, to behave the same was as when
1923 overloading was stored on the reference, not the referant.
1924 Hence we can't use SvAMAGIC_on()
1926 SvFLAGS(newref) |= SVf_AMAGIC;
1927 SvSTASH_set(newref, MUTABLE_HV(SvREFCNT_inc(SvSTASH(tmpRef))));
1933 if ((cvp[off1=lt_amg] || cvp[off1=ncmp_amg])
1934 && ((cv = cvp[off=neg_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=subtr_amg]))) {
1935 SV* const nullsv=sv_2mortal(newSViv(0));
1937 SV* const lessp = amagic_call(left,nullsv,
1938 lt_amg,AMGf_noright);
1939 logic = SvTRUE(lessp);
1941 SV* const lessp = amagic_call(left,nullsv,
1942 ncmp_amg,AMGf_noright);
1943 logic = (SvNV(lessp) < 0);
1946 if (off==subtr_amg) {
1957 if ((cv = cvp[off=subtr_amg])) {
1959 left = sv_2mortal(newSViv(0));
1964 case iter_amg: /* XXXX Eventually should do to_gv. */
1966 return NULL; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
1974 return left; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
1979 if (!cv) goto not_found;
1980 } else if (!(AMGf_noright & flags) && SvAMAGIC(right)
1981 && (stash = SvSTASH(SvRV(right)))
1982 && (mg = mg_find((const SV *)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table))
1983 && (cvp = (AMT_AMAGIC((AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)
1984 ? (amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)->table
1986 && (cv = cvp[off=method])) { /* Method for right
1989 } else if (((ocvp && oamtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER
1990 && (cvp=ocvp) && (lr = -1))
1991 || (cvp && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER && (lr=1)))
1992 && !(flags & AMGf_unary)) {
1993 /* We look for substitution for
1994 * comparison operations and
1996 if (method==concat_amg || method==concat_ass_amg
1997 || method==repeat_amg || method==repeat_ass_amg) {
1998 return NULL; /* Delegate operation to string conversion */
2008 postpr = 1; off=ncmp_amg; break;
2015 postpr = 1; off=scmp_amg; break;
2017 if (off != -1) cv = cvp[off];
2022 not_found: /* No method found, either report or croak */
2043 return left; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
2046 if (ocvp && (cv=ocvp[nomethod_amg])) { /* Call report method */
2047 notfound = 1; lr = -1;
2048 } else if (cvp && (cv=cvp[nomethod_amg])) {
2049 notfound = 1; lr = 1;
2050 } else if ((amtp && amtp->fallback >= AMGfallYES) && !DEBUG_o_TEST) {
2051 /* Skip generating the "no method found" message. */
2055 if (off==-1) off=method;
2056 msg = sv_2mortal(Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_
2057 "Operation \"%s\": no method found,%sargument %s%s%s%s",
2058 AMG_id2name(method + assignshift),
2059 (flags & AMGf_unary ? " " : "\n\tleft "),
2061 "in overloaded package ":
2062 "has no overloaded magic",
2064 HvNAME_get(SvSTASH(SvRV(left))):
2067 ",\n\tright argument in overloaded package ":
2070 : ",\n\tright argument has no overloaded magic"),
2072 HvNAME_get(SvSTASH(SvRV(right))):
2074 if (amtp && amtp->fallback >= AMGfallYES) {
2075 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "%s", SvPVX_const(msg)) );
2077 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%"SVf, SVfARG(msg));
2081 force_cpy = force_cpy || assign;
2086 DEBUG_o(Perl_deb(aTHX_
2087 "Overloaded operator \"%s\"%s%s%s:\n\tmethod%s found%s in package %s%s\n",
2089 method+assignshift==off? "" :
2091 method+assignshift==off? "" :
2092 AMG_id2name(method+assignshift),
2093 method+assignshift==off? "" : "\")",
2094 flags & AMGf_unary? "" :
2095 lr==1 ? " for right argument": " for left argument",
2096 flags & AMGf_unary? " for argument" : "",
2097 stash ? HvNAME_get(stash) : "null",
2098 fl? ",\n\tassignment variant used": "") );
2101 /* Since we use shallow copy during assignment, we need
2102 * to dublicate the contents, probably calling user-supplied
2103 * version of copy operator
2105 /* We need to copy in following cases:
2106 * a) Assignment form was called.
2107 * assignshift==1, assign==T, method + 1 == off
2108 * b) Increment or decrement, called directly.
2109 * assignshift==0, assign==0, method + 0 == off
2110 * c) Increment or decrement, translated to assignment add/subtr.
2111 * assignshift==0, assign==T,
2113 * d) Increment or decrement, translated to nomethod.
2114 * assignshift==0, assign==0,
2116 * e) Assignment form translated to nomethod.
2117 * assignshift==1, assign==T, method + 1 != off
2120 /* off is method, method+assignshift, or a result of opcode substitution.
2121 * In the latter case assignshift==0, so only notfound case is important.
2123 if (( (method + assignshift == off)
2124 && (assign || (method == inc_amg) || (method == dec_amg)))
2131 const bool oldcatch = CATCH_GET;
2134 Zero(&myop, 1, BINOP);
2135 myop.op_last = (OP *) &myop;
2136 myop.op_next = NULL;
2137 myop.op_flags = OPf_WANT_SCALAR | OPf_STACKED;
2139 PUSHSTACKi(PERLSI_OVERLOAD);
2142 PL_op = (OP *) &myop;
2143 if (PERLDB_SUB && PL_curstash != PL_debstash)
2144 PL_op->op_private |= OPpENTERSUB_DB;
2148 EXTEND(SP, notfound + 5);
2149 PUSHs(lr>0? right: left);
2150 PUSHs(lr>0? left: right);
2151 PUSHs( lr > 0 ? &PL_sv_yes : ( assign ? &PL_sv_undef : &PL_sv_no ));
2153 PUSHs(newSVpvn_flags(AMG_id2name(method + assignshift),
2154 AMG_id2namelen(method + assignshift), SVs_TEMP));
2156 PUSHs(MUTABLE_SV(cv));
2159 if ((PL_op = Perl_pp_entersub(aTHX)))
2167 CATCH_SET(oldcatch);
2174 ans=SvIV(res)<=0; break;
2177 ans=SvIV(res)<0; break;
2180 ans=SvIV(res)>=0; break;
2183 ans=SvIV(res)>0; break;
2186 ans=SvIV(res)==0; break;
2189 ans=SvIV(res)!=0; break;
2192 SvSetSV(left,res); return left;
2194 ans=!SvTRUE(res); break;
2199 } else if (method==copy_amg) {
2201 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Copy method did not return a reference");
2203 return SvREFCNT_inc(SvRV(res));
2211 =for apidoc is_gv_magical_sv
2213 Returns C<TRUE> if given the name of a magical GV. Calls is_gv_magical.
2219 Perl_is_gv_magical_sv(pTHX_ SV *name, U32 flags)
2222 const char * const temp = SvPV_const(name, len);
2224 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_IS_GV_MAGICAL_SV;
2226 return is_gv_magical(temp, len, flags);
2230 =for apidoc is_gv_magical
2232 Returns C<TRUE> if given the name of a magical GV.
2234 Currently only useful internally when determining if a GV should be
2235 created even in rvalue contexts.
2237 C<flags> is not used at present but available for future extension to
2238 allow selecting particular classes of magical variable.
2240 Currently assumes that C<name> is NUL terminated (as well as len being valid).
2241 This assumption is met by all callers within the perl core, which all pass
2242 pointers returned by SvPV.
2247 Perl_is_gv_magical(pTHX_ const char *name, STRLEN len, U32 flags)
2249 PERL_UNUSED_CONTEXT;
2250 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(flags);
2252 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_IS_GV_MAGICAL;
2255 const char * const name1 = name + 1;
2258 if (len == 3 && name[1] == 'S' && name[2] == 'A')
2262 if (len == 8 && strEQ(name1, "VERLOAD"))
2266 if (len == 3 && name[1] == 'I' && name[2] == 'G')
2269 /* Using ${^...} variables is likely to be sufficiently rare that
2270 it seems sensible to avoid the space hit of also checking the
2272 case '\017': /* ${^OPEN} */
2273 if (strEQ(name1, "PEN"))
2276 case '\024': /* ${^TAINT} */
2277 if (strEQ(name1, "AINT"))
2280 case '\025': /* ${^UNICODE} */
2281 if (strEQ(name1, "NICODE"))
2283 if (strEQ(name1, "TF8LOCALE"))
2286 case '\027': /* ${^WARNING_BITS} */
2287 if (strEQ(name1, "ARNING_BITS"))
2300 const char *end = name + len;
2301 while (--end > name) {
2309 /* Because we're already assuming that name is NUL terminated
2310 below, we can treat an empty name as "\0" */
2337 case '\001': /* $^A */
2338 case '\003': /* $^C */
2339 case '\004': /* $^D */
2340 case '\005': /* $^E */
2341 case '\006': /* $^F */
2342 case '\010': /* $^H */
2343 case '\011': /* $^I, NOT \t in EBCDIC */
2344 case '\014': /* $^L */
2345 case '\016': /* $^N */
2346 case '\017': /* $^O */
2347 case '\020': /* $^P */
2348 case '\023': /* $^S */
2349 case '\024': /* $^T */
2350 case '\026': /* $^V */
2351 case '\027': /* $^W */
2371 Perl_gv_name_set(pTHX_ GV *gv, const char *name, U32 len, U32 flags)
2376 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_NAME_SET;
2377 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(flags);
2380 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: gv name too long (%"UVuf")", (UV) len);
2382 if (!(flags & GV_ADD) && GvNAME_HEK(gv)) {
2383 unshare_hek(GvNAME_HEK(gv));
2386 PERL_HASH(hash, name, len);
2387 GvNAME_HEK(gv) = share_hek(name, len, hash);
2392 * c-indentation-style: bsd
2394 * indent-tabs-mode: t
2397 * ex: set ts=8 sts=4 sw=4 noet: