3 * Copyright (C) 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
4 * 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, by Larry Wall and others
6 * You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
7 * License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
12 * 'Mercy!' cried Gandalf. 'If the giving of information is to be the cure
13 * of your inquisitiveness, I shall spend all the rest of my days answering
14 * you. What more do you want to know?'
15 * 'The names of all the stars, and of all living things, and the whole
16 * history of Middle-earth and Over-heaven and of the Sundering Seas,'
23 A GV is a structure which corresponds to to a Perl typeglob, ie *foo.
24 It is a structure that holds a pointer to a scalar, an array, a hash etc,
25 corresponding to $foo, @foo, %foo.
27 GVs are usually found as values in stashes (symbol table hashes) where
28 Perl stores its global variables.
38 static const char S_autoload[] = "AUTOLOAD";
39 static const STRLEN S_autolen = sizeof(S_autoload)-1;
42 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
44 Perl_gv_SVadd(pTHX_ GV *gv)
46 if (!gv || SvTYPE((SV*)gv) != SVt_PVGV)
47 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for scalar");
55 Perl_gv_AVadd(pTHX_ register GV *gv)
57 if (!gv || SvTYPE((SV*)gv) != SVt_PVGV)
58 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for array");
65 Perl_gv_HVadd(pTHX_ register GV *gv)
67 if (!gv || SvTYPE((SV*)gv) != SVt_PVGV)
68 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for hash");
75 Perl_gv_IOadd(pTHX_ register GV *gv)
78 if (!gv || SvTYPE((SV*)gv) != SVt_PVGV) {
81 * if it walks like a dirhandle, then let's assume that
82 * this is a dirhandle.
84 const char * const fh =
85 PL_op->op_type == OP_READDIR ||
86 PL_op->op_type == OP_TELLDIR ||
87 PL_op->op_type == OP_SEEKDIR ||
88 PL_op->op_type == OP_REWINDDIR ||
89 PL_op->op_type == OP_CLOSEDIR ?
90 "dirhandle" : "filehandle";
91 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for %s", fh);
95 #ifdef GV_UNIQUE_CHECK
97 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for filehandle (GV is unique)");
106 Perl_gv_fetchfile(pTHX_ const char *name)
108 return gv_fetchfile_flags(name, strlen(name), 0);
112 Perl_gv_fetchfile_flags(pTHX_ const char *const name, const STRLEN namelen,
118 const STRLEN tmplen = namelen + 2;
121 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(flags);
126 if (tmplen <= sizeof smallbuf)
129 Newx(tmpbuf, tmplen, char);
130 /* This is where the debugger's %{"::_<$filename"} hash is created */
133 memcpy(tmpbuf + 2, name, namelen);
134 gv = *(GV**)hv_fetch(PL_defstash, tmpbuf, tmplen, TRUE);
136 gv_init(gv, PL_defstash, tmpbuf, tmplen, FALSE);
137 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
138 GvSV(gv) = newSVpvn(name, namelen);
140 sv_setpvn(GvSV(gv), name, namelen);
143 hv_magic(GvHVn(gv_AVadd(gv)), NULL, PERL_MAGIC_dbfile);
145 if (tmpbuf != smallbuf)
151 =for apidoc gv_const_sv
153 If C<gv> is a typeglob whose subroutine entry is a constant sub eligible for
154 inlining, or C<gv> is a placeholder reference that would be promoted to such
155 a typeglob, then returns the value returned by the sub. Otherwise, returns
162 Perl_gv_const_sv(pTHX_ GV *gv)
164 if (SvTYPE(gv) == SVt_PVGV)
165 return cv_const_sv(GvCVu(gv));
166 return SvROK(gv) ? SvRV(gv) : NULL;
170 Perl_newGP(pTHX_ GV *const gv)
175 const char *const file
176 = (PL_curcop && CopFILE(PL_curcop)) ? CopFILE(PL_curcop) : "";
177 const STRLEN len = strlen(file);
179 SV *const temp_sv = CopFILESV(PL_curcop);
184 file = SvPVX(temp_sv);
185 len = SvCUR(temp_sv);
192 PERL_HASH(hash, file, len);
196 #ifndef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
197 gp->gp_sv = newSV(0);
200 gp->gp_line = PL_curcop ? CopLINE(PL_curcop) : 0;
201 /* XXX Ideally this cast would be replaced with a change to const char*
203 gp->gp_file_hek = share_hek(file, len, hash);
211 Perl_gv_init(pTHX_ GV *gv, HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, int multi)
214 const U32 old_type = SvTYPE(gv);
215 const bool doproto = old_type > SVt_NULL;
216 char * const proto = (doproto && SvPOK(gv)) ? SvPVX(gv) : NULL;
217 const STRLEN protolen = proto ? SvCUR(gv) : 0;
218 SV *const has_constant = doproto && SvROK(gv) ? SvRV(gv) : NULL;
219 const U32 exported_constant = has_constant ? SvPCS_IMPORTED(gv) : 0;
221 assert (!(proto && has_constant));
224 /* The constant has to be a simple scalar type. */
225 switch (SvTYPE(has_constant)) {
231 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Cannot convert a reference to %s to typeglob",
232 sv_reftype(has_constant, 0));
240 if (old_type < SVt_PVGV) {
241 if (old_type >= SVt_PV)
243 sv_upgrade((SV*)gv, SVt_PVGV);
251 Safefree(SvPVX_mutable(gv));
256 GvGP(gv) = Perl_newGP(aTHX_ gv);
259 Perl_sv_add_backref(aTHX_ (SV*)stash, (SV*)gv);
260 gv_name_set(gv, name, len, GV_ADD);
261 if (multi || doproto) /* doproto means it _was_ mentioned */
263 if (doproto) { /* Replicate part of newSUB here. */
266 /* newCONSTSUB takes ownership of the reference from us. */
267 GvCV(gv) = newCONSTSUB(stash, name, has_constant);
268 /* If this reference was a copy of another, then the subroutine
269 must have been "imported", by a Perl space assignment to a GV
270 from a reference to CV. */
271 if (exported_constant)
272 GvIMPORTED_CV_on(gv);
274 (void) start_subparse(0,0); /* Create empty CV in compcv. */
275 GvCV(gv) = PL_compcv;
279 mro_method_changed_in(GvSTASH(gv)); /* sub Foo::bar($) { (shift) } sub ASDF::baz($); *ASDF::baz = \&Foo::bar */
281 CvFILE_set_from_cop(GvCV(gv), PL_curcop);
282 CvSTASH(GvCV(gv)) = PL_curstash;
284 sv_usepvn_flags((SV*)GvCV(gv), proto, protolen,
285 SV_HAS_TRAILING_NUL);
291 S_gv_init_sv(pTHX_ GV *gv, I32 sv_type)
303 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
311 /* Work round what appears to be a bug in Sun C++ 5.8 2005/10/13
312 If we just cast GvSVn(gv) to void, it ignores evaluating it for
320 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth
322 Returns the glob with the given C<name> and a defined subroutine or
323 C<NULL>. The glob lives in the given C<stash>, or in the stashes
324 accessible via @ISA and UNIVERSAL::.
326 The argument C<level> should be either 0 or -1. If C<level==0>, as a
327 side-effect creates a glob with the given C<name> in the given C<stash>
328 which in the case of success contains an alias for the subroutine, and sets
329 up caching info for this glob.
331 This function grants C<"SUPER"> token as a postfix of the stash name. The
332 GV returned from C<gv_fetchmeth> may be a method cache entry, which is not
333 visible to Perl code. So when calling C<call_sv>, you should not use
334 the GV directly; instead, you should use the method's CV, which can be
335 obtained from the GV with the C<GvCV> macro.
340 /* NOTE: No support for tied ISA */
343 Perl_gv_fetchmeth(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, I32 level)
351 GV* candidate = NULL;
356 I32 create = (level >= 0) ? 1 : 0;
361 /* UNIVERSAL methods should be callable without a stash */
363 create = 0; /* probably appropriate */
364 if(!(stash = gv_stashpvs("UNIVERSAL", 0)))
370 hvname = HvNAME_get(stash);
372 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't use anonymous symbol table for method lookup");
377 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Looking for method %s in package %s\n",name,hvname) );
379 topgen_cmp = HvMROMETA(stash)->cache_gen + PL_sub_generation;
381 /* check locally for a real method or a cache entry */
382 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash, name, len, create);
386 if (SvTYPE(topgv) != SVt_PVGV)
387 gv_init(topgv, stash, name, len, TRUE);
388 if ((cand_cv = GvCV(topgv))) {
389 /* If genuine method or valid cache entry, use it */
390 if (!GvCVGEN(topgv) || GvCVGEN(topgv) == topgen_cmp) {
394 /* stale cache entry, junk it and move on */
395 SvREFCNT_dec(cand_cv);
396 GvCV(topgv) = cand_cv = NULL;
400 else if (GvCVGEN(topgv) == topgen_cmp) {
401 /* cache indicates no such method definitively */
406 packlen = HvNAMELEN_get(stash);
407 if (packlen >= 7 && strEQ(hvname + packlen - 7, "::SUPER")) {
410 basestash = gv_stashpvn(hvname, packlen, GV_ADD);
411 linear_av = mro_get_linear_isa(basestash);
414 linear_av = mro_get_linear_isa(stash); /* has ourselves at the top of the list */
417 linear_svp = AvARRAY(linear_av) + 1; /* skip over self */
418 items = AvFILLp(linear_av); /* no +1, to skip over self */
420 linear_sv = *linear_svp++;
422 cstash = gv_stashsv(linear_sv, 0);
425 if (ckWARN(WARN_SYNTAX))
426 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_SYNTAX), "Can't locate package %"SVf" for @%s::ISA",
427 SVfARG(linear_sv), hvname);
433 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(cstash, name, len, 0);
437 if (SvTYPE(candidate) != SVt_PVGV) gv_init(candidate, cstash, name, len, TRUE);
438 if (SvTYPE(candidate) == SVt_PVGV && (cand_cv = GvCV(candidate)) && !GvCVGEN(candidate)) {
440 * Found real method, cache method in topgv if:
441 * 1. topgv has no synonyms (else inheritance crosses wires)
442 * 2. method isn't a stub (else AUTOLOAD fails spectacularly)
444 if (topgv && (GvREFCNT(topgv) == 1) && (CvROOT(cand_cv) || CvXSUB(cand_cv))) {
445 if ((old_cv = GvCV(topgv))) SvREFCNT_dec(old_cv);
446 SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void_NN(cand_cv);
447 GvCV(topgv) = cand_cv;
448 GvCVGEN(topgv) = topgen_cmp;
454 /* Check UNIVERSAL without caching */
455 if(level == 0 || level == -1) {
456 candidate = gv_fetchmeth(NULL, name, len, 1);
458 cand_cv = GvCV(candidate);
459 if (topgv && (GvREFCNT(topgv) == 1) && (CvROOT(cand_cv) || CvXSUB(cand_cv))) {
460 if ((old_cv = GvCV(topgv))) SvREFCNT_dec(old_cv);
461 SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void_NN(cand_cv);
462 GvCV(topgv) = cand_cv;
463 GvCVGEN(topgv) = topgen_cmp;
469 if (topgv && GvREFCNT(topgv) == 1) {
470 /* cache the fact that the method is not defined */
471 GvCVGEN(topgv) = topgen_cmp;
478 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth_autoload
480 Same as gv_fetchmeth(), but looks for autoloaded subroutines too.
481 Returns a glob for the subroutine.
483 For an autoloaded subroutine without a GV, will create a GV even
484 if C<level < 0>. For an autoloaded subroutine without a stub, GvCV()
485 of the result may be zero.
491 Perl_gv_fetchmeth_autoload(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, I32 level)
493 GV *gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, name, len, level);
500 return NULL; /* UNIVERSAL::AUTOLOAD could cause trouble */
501 if (len == S_autolen && strnEQ(name, S_autoload, S_autolen))
503 if (!(gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, S_autoload, S_autolen, FALSE)))
506 if (!(CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv)))
508 /* Have an autoload */
509 if (level < 0) /* Cannot do without a stub */
510 gv_fetchmeth(stash, name, len, 0);
511 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash, name, len, (level >= 0));
520 =for apidoc gv_fetchmethod_autoload
522 Returns the glob which contains the subroutine to call to invoke the method
523 on the C<stash>. In fact in the presence of autoloading this may be the
524 glob for "AUTOLOAD". In this case the corresponding variable $AUTOLOAD is
527 The third parameter of C<gv_fetchmethod_autoload> determines whether
528 AUTOLOAD lookup is performed if the given method is not present: non-zero
529 means yes, look for AUTOLOAD; zero means no, don't look for AUTOLOAD.
530 Calling C<gv_fetchmethod> is equivalent to calling C<gv_fetchmethod_autoload>
531 with a non-zero C<autoload> parameter.
533 These functions grant C<"SUPER"> token as a prefix of the method name. Note
534 that if you want to keep the returned glob for a long time, you need to
535 check for it being "AUTOLOAD", since at the later time the call may load a
536 different subroutine due to $AUTOLOAD changing its value. Use the glob
537 created via a side effect to do this.
539 These functions have the same side-effects and as C<gv_fetchmeth> with
540 C<level==0>. C<name> should be writable if contains C<':'> or C<'
541 ''>. The warning against passing the GV returned by C<gv_fetchmeth> to
542 C<call_sv> apply equally to these functions.
548 S_gv_get_super_pkg(pTHX_ const char* name, I32 namelen)
555 stash = gv_stashpvn(name, namelen, 0);
556 if(stash) return stash;
558 /* If we must create it, give it an @ISA array containing
559 the real package this SUPER is for, so that it's tied
560 into the cache invalidation code correctly */
561 stash = gv_stashpvn(name, namelen, GV_ADD);
562 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetchs(stash, "ISA", TRUE);
564 gv_init(gv, stash, "ISA", 3, TRUE);
565 superisa = GvAVn(gv);
567 sv_magic((SV*)superisa, (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_isa, NULL, 0);
569 av_push(superisa, newSVpv(CopSTASHPV(PL_curcop), 0));
571 av_push(superisa, newSVhek(CopSTASH(PL_curcop)
572 ? HvNAME_HEK(CopSTASH(PL_curcop)) : NULL));
578 /* FIXME. If changing this function note the comment in pp_hot's
581 This code tries to figure out just what went wrong with
582 gv_fetchmethod. It therefore needs to duplicate a lot of
583 the internals of that function. ...
585 I'd guess that with one more flag bit that could all be moved inside
590 Perl_gv_fetchmethod_autoload(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, I32 autoload)
593 register const char *nend;
594 const char *nsplit = NULL;
598 if (stash && SvTYPE(stash) < SVt_PVHV)
601 for (nend = name; *nend; nend++) {
604 else if (*nend == ':' && *(nend + 1) == ':')
608 const char * const origname = name;
612 if ((nsplit - origname) == 5 && strnEQ(origname, "SUPER", 5)) {
613 /* ->SUPER::method should really be looked up in original stash */
614 SV * const tmpstr = sv_2mortal(Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_ "%s::SUPER",
615 CopSTASHPV(PL_curcop)));
616 /* __PACKAGE__::SUPER stash should be autovivified */
617 stash = gv_get_super_pkg(SvPVX_const(tmpstr), SvCUR(tmpstr));
618 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Treating %s as %s::%s\n",
619 origname, HvNAME_get(stash), name) );
622 /* don't autovifify if ->NoSuchStash::method */
623 stash = gv_stashpvn(origname, nsplit - origname, 0);
625 /* however, explicit calls to Pkg::SUPER::method may
626 happen, and may require autovivification to work */
627 if (!stash && (nsplit - origname) >= 7 &&
628 strnEQ(nsplit - 7, "::SUPER", 7) &&
629 gv_stashpvn(origname, nsplit - origname - 7, 0))
630 stash = gv_get_super_pkg(origname, nsplit - origname);
635 gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, name, nend - name, 0);
637 if (strEQ(name,"import") || strEQ(name,"unimport"))
638 gv = (GV*)&PL_sv_yes;
640 gv = gv_autoload4(ostash, name, nend - name, TRUE);
643 CV* const cv = GvCV(gv);
644 if (!CvROOT(cv) && !CvXSUB(cv)) {
652 if (GvCV(stubgv) != cv) /* orphaned import */
655 autogv = gv_autoload4(GvSTASH(stubgv),
656 GvNAME(stubgv), GvNAMELEN(stubgv), TRUE);
666 Perl_gv_autoload4(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, I32 method)
674 const char *packname = "";
675 STRLEN packname_len = 0;
677 if (len == S_autolen && strnEQ(name, S_autoload, S_autolen))
680 if (SvTYPE(stash) < SVt_PVHV) {
681 packname = SvPV_const((SV*)stash, packname_len);
685 packname = HvNAME_get(stash);
686 packname_len = HvNAMELEN_get(stash);
689 if (!(gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, S_autoload, S_autolen, FALSE)))
693 if (!(CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv)))
697 * Inheriting AUTOLOAD for non-methods works ... for now.
699 if (!method && (GvCVGEN(gv) || GvSTASH(gv) != stash)
700 && ckWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX)
702 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX),
703 "Use of inherited AUTOLOAD for non-method %s::%.*s() is deprecated",
704 packname, (int)len, name);
707 /* rather than lookup/init $AUTOLOAD here
708 * only to have the XSUB do another lookup for $AUTOLOAD
709 * and split that value on the last '::',
710 * pass along the same data via some unused fields in the CV
713 SvPV_set(cv, (char *)name); /* cast to lose constness warning */
719 * Given &FOO::AUTOLOAD, set $FOO::AUTOLOAD to desired function name.
720 * The subroutine's original name may not be "AUTOLOAD", so we don't
721 * use that, but for lack of anything better we will use the sub's
722 * original package to look up $AUTOLOAD.
724 varstash = GvSTASH(CvGV(cv));
725 vargv = *(GV**)hv_fetch(varstash, S_autoload, S_autolen, TRUE);
729 gv_init(vargv, varstash, S_autoload, S_autolen, FALSE);
730 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
731 GvSV(vargv) = newSV(0);
735 varsv = GvSVn(vargv);
736 sv_setpvn(varsv, packname, packname_len);
737 sv_catpvs(varsv, "::");
738 sv_catpvn(varsv, name, len);
743 /* require_tie_mod() internal routine for requiring a module
744 * that implements the logic of automatical ties like %! and %-
746 * The "gv" parameter should be the glob.
747 * "varpv" holds the name of the var, used for error messages.
748 * "namesv" holds the module name. Its refcount will be decremented.
749 * "methpv" holds the method name to test for to check that things
750 * are working reasonably close to as expected.
751 * "flags": if flag & 1 then save the scalar before loading.
752 * For the protection of $! to work (it is set by this routine)
753 * the sv slot must already be magicalized.
756 S_require_tie_mod(pTHX_ GV *gv, const char *varpv, SV* namesv, const char *methpv,const U32 flags)
759 HV* stash = gv_stashsv(namesv, 0);
761 if (!stash || !(gv_fetchmethod(stash, methpv))) {
762 SV *module = newSVsv(namesv);
763 char varname = *varpv; /* varpv might be clobbered by load_module,
764 so save it. For the moment it's always
770 PUSHSTACKi(PERLSI_MAGIC);
771 Perl_load_module(aTHX_ PERL_LOADMOD_NOIMPORT, module, NULL);
775 stash = gv_stashsv(namesv, 0);
777 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: Can't use %%%c because %"SVf" is not available",
778 varname, SVfARG(namesv));
779 else if (!gv_fetchmethod(stash, methpv))
780 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: Can't use %%%c because %"SVf" does not support method %s",
781 varname, SVfARG(namesv), methpv);
783 SvREFCNT_dec(namesv);
788 =for apidoc gv_stashpv
790 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package. Uses C<strlen> to
791 determine the length of C<name>, then calls C<gv_stashpvn()>.
797 Perl_gv_stashpv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
799 return gv_stashpvn(name, strlen(name), create);
803 =for apidoc gv_stashpvn
805 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package. The C<namelen>
806 parameter indicates the length of the C<name>, in bytes. C<flags> is passed
807 to C<gv_fetchpvn_flags()>, so if set to C<GV_ADD> then the package will be
808 created if it does not already exist. If the package does not exist and
809 C<flags> is 0 (or any other setting that does not create packages) then NULL
817 Perl_gv_stashpvn(pTHX_ const char *name, U32 namelen, I32 flags)
824 if (namelen + 2 <= sizeof smallbuf)
827 Newx(tmpbuf, namelen + 2, char);
828 Copy(name,tmpbuf,namelen,char);
829 tmpbuf[namelen++] = ':';
830 tmpbuf[namelen++] = ':';
831 tmpgv = gv_fetchpvn_flags(tmpbuf, namelen, flags, SVt_PVHV);
832 if (tmpbuf != smallbuf)
837 GvHV(tmpgv) = newHV();
839 if (!HvNAME_get(stash))
840 hv_name_set(stash, name, namelen, 0);
845 =for apidoc gv_stashsv
847 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package. See C<gv_stashpvn>.
853 Perl_gv_stashsv(pTHX_ SV *sv, I32 flags)
856 const char * const ptr = SvPV_const(sv,len);
857 return gv_stashpvn(ptr, len, flags);
862 Perl_gv_fetchpv(pTHX_ const char *nambeg, I32 add, I32 sv_type) {
863 return gv_fetchpvn_flags(nambeg, strlen(nambeg), add, sv_type);
867 Perl_gv_fetchsv(pTHX_ SV *name, I32 flags, I32 sv_type) {
869 const char * const nambeg = SvPV_const(name, len);
870 return gv_fetchpvn_flags(nambeg, len, flags | SvUTF8(name), sv_type);
874 Perl_gv_fetchpvn_flags(pTHX_ const char *nambeg, STRLEN full_len, I32 flags,
878 register const char *name = nambeg;
879 register GV *gv = NULL;
882 register const char *name_cursor;
884 const I32 no_init = flags & (GV_NOADD_NOINIT | GV_NOINIT);
885 const I32 no_expand = flags & GV_NOEXPAND;
886 const I32 add = flags & ~GV_NOADD_MASK;
887 const char *const name_end = nambeg + full_len;
888 const char *const name_em1 = name_end - 1;
891 if (flags & GV_NOTQUAL) {
892 /* Caller promised that there is no stash, so we can skip the check. */
897 if (full_len > 2 && *name == '*' && isALPHA(name[1])) {
898 /* accidental stringify on a GV? */
902 for (name_cursor = name; name_cursor < name_end; name_cursor++) {
903 if ((*name_cursor == ':' && name_cursor < name_em1
904 && name_cursor[1] == ':')
905 || (*name_cursor == '\'' && name_cursor[1]))
909 if (!stash || !SvREFCNT(stash)) /* symbol table under destruction */
912 len = name_cursor - name;
917 if (len + 2 <= (I32)sizeof (smallbuf))
920 Newx(tmpbuf, len+2, char);
921 Copy(name, tmpbuf, len, char);
924 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash,tmpbuf,len,add);
925 gv = gvp ? *gvp : NULL;
926 if (gv && gv != (GV*)&PL_sv_undef) {
927 if (SvTYPE(gv) != SVt_PVGV)
928 gv_init(gv, stash, tmpbuf, len, (add & GV_ADDMULTI));
932 if (tmpbuf != smallbuf)
934 if (!gv || gv == (GV*)&PL_sv_undef)
937 if (!(stash = GvHV(gv)))
938 stash = GvHV(gv) = newHV();
940 if (!HvNAME_get(stash))
941 hv_name_set(stash, nambeg, name_cursor - nambeg, 0);
944 if (*name_cursor == ':')
948 if (name == name_end)
949 return gv ? gv : (GV*)*hv_fetchs(PL_defstash, "main::", TRUE);
952 len = name_cursor - name;
954 /* No stash in name, so see how we can default */
958 if (len && isIDFIRST_lazy(name)) {
967 if ((name[0] == 'I' && name[1] == 'N' && name[2] == 'C')
968 || (name[0] == 'E' && name[1] == 'N' && name[2] == 'V')
969 || (name[0] == 'S' && name[1] == 'I' && name[2] == 'G'))
973 if (name[0] == 'A' && name[1] == 'R' && name[2] == 'G'
978 if (name[0] == 'S' && name[1] == 'T' && name[2] == 'D'
979 && name[3] == 'I' && name[4] == 'N')
983 if ((name[0] == 'S' && name[1] == 'T' && name[2] == 'D')
984 &&((name[3] == 'O' && name[4] == 'U' && name[5] == 'T')
985 ||(name[3] == 'E' && name[4] == 'R' && name[5] == 'R')))
989 if (name[0] == 'A' && name[1] == 'R' && name[2] == 'G'
990 && name[3] == 'V' && name[4] == 'O' && name[5] == 'U'
998 else if (IN_PERL_COMPILETIME) {
1000 if (add && (PL_hints & HINT_STRICT_VARS) &&
1001 sv_type != SVt_PVCV &&
1002 sv_type != SVt_PVGV &&
1003 sv_type != SVt_PVFM &&
1004 sv_type != SVt_PVIO &&
1005 !(len == 1 && sv_type == SVt_PV &&
1006 (*name == 'a' || *name == 'b')) )
1008 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash,name,len,0);
1010 *gvp == (GV*)&PL_sv_undef ||
1011 SvTYPE(*gvp) != SVt_PVGV)
1015 else if ((sv_type == SVt_PV && !GvIMPORTED_SV(*gvp)) ||
1016 (sv_type == SVt_PVAV && !GvIMPORTED_AV(*gvp)) ||
1017 (sv_type == SVt_PVHV && !GvIMPORTED_HV(*gvp)) )
1019 Perl_warn(aTHX_ "Variable \"%c%s\" is not imported",
1020 sv_type == SVt_PVAV ? '@' :
1021 sv_type == SVt_PVHV ? '%' : '$',
1024 Perl_warn(aTHX_ "\t(Did you mean &%s instead?)\n", name);
1030 stash = CopSTASH(PL_curcop);
1033 stash = PL_defstash;
1036 /* By this point we should have a stash and a name */
1040 SV * const err = Perl_mess(aTHX_
1041 "Global symbol \"%s%s\" requires explicit package name",
1042 (sv_type == SVt_PV ? "$"
1043 : sv_type == SVt_PVAV ? "@"
1044 : sv_type == SVt_PVHV ? "%"
1047 if (USE_UTF8_IN_NAMES)
1050 gv = gv_fetchpvn_flags("<none>::", 8, GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV);
1052 /* symbol table under destruction */
1061 if (!SvREFCNT(stash)) /* symbol table under destruction */
1064 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash,name,len,add);
1065 if (!gvp || *gvp == (GV*)&PL_sv_undef)
1068 if (SvTYPE(gv) == SVt_PVGV) {
1071 gv_init_sv(gv, sv_type);
1072 if (len == 1 && (sv_type == SVt_PVHV || sv_type == SVt_PVGV)) {
1074 require_tie_mod(gv, "!", newSVpvs("Errno"), "TIEHASH", 1);
1075 else if (*name == '-' || *name == '+')
1076 require_tie_mod(gv, name, newSVpvs("Tie::Hash::NamedCapture"), "TIEHASH", 0);
1080 } else if (no_init) {
1082 } else if (no_expand && SvROK(gv)) {
1086 /* Adding a new symbol.
1087 Unless of course there was already something non-GV here, in which case
1088 we want to behave as if there was always a GV here, containing some sort
1090 Otherwise we run the risk of creating things like GvIO, which can cause
1091 subtle bugs. eg the one that tripped up SQL::Translator */
1093 faking_it = SvOK(gv);
1095 if (add & GV_ADDWARN && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL))
1096 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL), "Had to create %s unexpectedly", nambeg);
1097 gv_init(gv, stash, name, len, add & GV_ADDMULTI);
1098 gv_init_sv(gv, faking_it ? SVt_PVCV : sv_type);
1100 if (isALPHA(name[0]) && ! (isLEXWARN_on ? ckWARN(WARN_ONCE)
1101 : (PL_dowarn & G_WARN_ON ) ) )
1104 /* set up magic where warranted */
1109 /* Nothing else to do.
1110 The compiler will probably turn the switch statement into a
1111 branch table. Make sure we avoid even that small overhead for
1112 the common case of lower case variable names. */
1116 const char * const name2 = name + 1;
1119 if (strEQ(name2, "RGV")) {
1120 IoFLAGS(GvIOn(gv)) |= IOf_ARGV|IOf_START;
1122 else if (strEQ(name2, "RGVOUT")) {
1127 if (strnEQ(name2, "XPORT", 5))
1131 if (strEQ(name2, "SA")) {
1132 AV* const av = GvAVn(gv);
1134 sv_magic((SV*)av, (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_isa, NULL, 0);
1135 /* NOTE: No support for tied ISA */
1136 if ((add & GV_ADDMULTI) && strEQ(nambeg,"AnyDBM_File::ISA")
1137 && AvFILLp(av) == -1)
1140 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "NDBM_File",9));
1141 gv_stashpvn(pname, 9, GV_ADD);
1142 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "DB_File",7));
1143 gv_stashpvn(pname, 7, GV_ADD);
1144 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "GDBM_File",9));
1145 gv_stashpvn(pname, 9, GV_ADD);
1146 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "SDBM_File",9));
1147 gv_stashpvn(pname, 9, GV_ADD);
1148 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "ODBM_File",9));
1149 gv_stashpvn(pname, 9, GV_ADD);
1154 if (strEQ(name2, "VERLOAD")) {
1155 HV* const hv = GvHVn(gv);
1157 hv_magic(hv, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_overload);
1161 if (strEQ(name2, "IG")) {
1165 Newxz(PL_psig_ptr, SIG_SIZE, SV*);
1166 Newxz(PL_psig_name, SIG_SIZE, SV*);
1167 Newxz(PL_psig_pend, SIG_SIZE, int);
1171 hv_magic(hv, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_sig);
1172 for (i = 1; i < SIG_SIZE; i++) {
1173 SV * const * const init = hv_fetch(hv, PL_sig_name[i], strlen(PL_sig_name[i]), 1);
1175 sv_setsv(*init, &PL_sv_undef);
1177 PL_psig_name[i] = 0;
1178 PL_psig_pend[i] = 0;
1183 if (strEQ(name2, "ERSION"))
1186 case '\003': /* $^CHILD_ERROR_NATIVE */
1187 if (strEQ(name2, "HILD_ERROR_NATIVE"))
1190 case '\005': /* $^ENCODING */
1191 if (strEQ(name2, "NCODING"))
1194 case '\015': /* $^MATCH */
1195 if (strEQ(name2, "ATCH"))
1197 case '\017': /* $^OPEN */
1198 if (strEQ(name2, "PEN"))
1201 case '\020': /* $^PREMATCH $^POSTMATCH */
1202 if (strEQ(name2, "REMATCH") || strEQ(name2, "OSTMATCH"))
1204 case '\024': /* ${^TAINT} */
1205 if (strEQ(name2, "AINT"))
1208 case '\025': /* ${^UNICODE}, ${^UTF8LOCALE} */
1209 if (strEQ(name2, "NICODE"))
1211 if (strEQ(name2, "TF8LOCALE"))
1213 if (strEQ(name2, "TF8CACHE"))
1216 case '\027': /* $^WARNING_BITS */
1217 if (strEQ(name2, "ARNING_BITS"))
1230 /* Ensures that we have an all-digit variable, ${"1foo"} fails
1232 /* This snippet is taken from is_gv_magical */
1233 const char *end = name + len;
1234 while (--end > name) {
1235 if (!isDIGIT(*end)) return gv;
1242 /* Names of length 1. (Or 0. But name is NUL terminated, so that will
1243 be case '\0' in this switch statement (ie a default case) */
1249 sv_type == SVt_PVAV ||
1250 sv_type == SVt_PVHV ||
1251 sv_type == SVt_PVCV ||
1252 sv_type == SVt_PVFM ||
1255 PL_sawampersand = TRUE;
1259 sv_setpv(GvSVn(gv),PL_chopset);
1263 #ifdef COMPLEX_STATUS
1264 SvUPGRADE(GvSVn(gv), SVt_PVLV);
1270 /* If %! has been used, automatically load Errno.pm. */
1272 sv_magic(GvSVn(gv), (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, len);
1274 /* magicalization must be done before require_tie_mod is called */
1275 if (sv_type == SVt_PVHV || sv_type == SVt_PVGV)
1276 require_tie_mod(gv, "!", newSVpvs("Errno"), "TIEHASH", 1);
1281 GvMULTI_on(gv); /* no used once warnings here */
1283 AV* const av = GvAVn(gv);
1284 SV* const avc = (*name == '+') ? (SV*)av : NULL;
1286 sv_magic((SV*)av, avc, PERL_MAGIC_regdata, NULL, 0);
1287 sv_magic(GvSVn(gv), (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, len);
1289 SvREADONLY_on(GvSVn(gv));
1292 if (sv_type == SVt_PVHV || sv_type == SVt_PVGV)
1293 require_tie_mod(gv, name, newSVpvs("Tie::Hash::NamedCapture"), "TIEHASH", 0);
1299 if (sv_type == SVt_PV && ckWARN2_d(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX))
1300 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX),
1301 "$%c is no longer supported", *name);
1304 sv_setiv(GvSVn(gv), (IV)(IoFLAGS(GvIOp(PL_defoutgv)) & IOf_FLUSH) != 0);
1307 case '\010': /* $^H */
1309 HV *const hv = GvHVn(gv);
1310 hv_magic(hv, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_hints);
1313 case '\023': /* $^S */
1315 SvREADONLY_on(GvSVn(gv));
1339 case '\001': /* $^A */
1340 case '\003': /* $^C */
1341 case '\004': /* $^D */
1342 case '\005': /* $^E */
1343 case '\006': /* $^F */
1344 case '\011': /* $^I, NOT \t in EBCDIC */
1345 case '\016': /* $^N */
1346 case '\017': /* $^O */
1347 case '\020': /* $^P */
1348 case '\024': /* $^T */
1349 case '\027': /* $^W */
1351 sv_magic(GvSVn(gv), (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, len);
1354 case '\014': /* $^L */
1355 sv_setpvn(GvSVn(gv),"\f",1);
1356 PL_formfeed = GvSVn(gv);
1359 sv_setpvn(GvSVn(gv),"\034",1);
1363 SV * const sv = GvSVn(gv);
1364 if (!sv_derived_from(PL_patchlevel, "version"))
1365 upg_version(PL_patchlevel, TRUE);
1366 GvSV(gv) = vnumify(PL_patchlevel);
1367 SvREADONLY_on(GvSV(gv));
1371 case '\026': /* $^V */
1373 SV * const sv = GvSVn(gv);
1374 GvSV(gv) = new_version(PL_patchlevel);
1375 SvREADONLY_on(GvSV(gv));
1385 Perl_gv_fullname4(pTHX_ SV *sv, const GV *gv, const char *prefix, bool keepmain)
1389 const HV * const hv = GvSTASH(gv);
1394 sv_setpv(sv, prefix ? prefix : "");
1396 name = HvNAME_get(hv);
1398 namelen = HvNAMELEN_get(hv);
1404 if (keepmain || strNE(name, "main")) {
1405 sv_catpvn(sv,name,namelen);
1408 sv_catpvn(sv,GvNAME(gv),GvNAMELEN(gv));
1412 Perl_gv_efullname4(pTHX_ SV *sv, const GV *gv, const char *prefix, bool keepmain)
1414 const GV * const egv = GvEGV(gv);
1415 gv_fullname4(sv, egv ? egv : gv, prefix, keepmain);
1423 IO * const io = (IO*)newSV_type(SVt_PVIO);
1424 /* This used to read SvREFCNT(io) = 1;
1425 It's not clear why the reference count needed an explicit reset. NWC
1427 assert (SvREFCNT(io) == 1);
1429 /* Clear the stashcache because a new IO could overrule a package name */
1430 hv_clear(PL_stashcache);
1431 iogv = gv_fetchpvs("FileHandle::", 0, SVt_PVHV);
1432 /* unless exists($main::{FileHandle}) and defined(%main::FileHandle::) */
1433 if (!(iogv && GvHV(iogv) && HvARRAY(GvHV(iogv))))
1434 iogv = gv_fetchpvs("IO::Handle::", GV_ADD, SVt_PVHV);
1435 SvSTASH_set(io, (HV*)SvREFCNT_inc(GvHV(iogv)));
1440 Perl_gv_check(pTHX_ const HV *stash)
1445 if (!HvARRAY(stash))
1447 for (i = 0; i <= (I32) HvMAX(stash); i++) {
1449 for (entry = HvARRAY(stash)[i]; entry; entry = HeNEXT(entry)) {
1452 if (HeKEY(entry)[HeKLEN(entry)-1] == ':' &&
1453 (gv = (GV*)HeVAL(entry)) && isGV(gv) && (hv = GvHV(gv)))
1455 if (hv != PL_defstash && hv != stash)
1456 gv_check(hv); /* nested package */
1458 else if (isALPHA(*HeKEY(entry))) {
1460 gv = (GV*)HeVAL(entry);
1461 if (SvTYPE(gv) != SVt_PVGV || GvMULTI(gv))
1464 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, GvLINE(gv));
1466 CopFILE(PL_curcop) = (char *)file; /* set for warning */
1468 CopFILEGV(PL_curcop)
1469 = gv_fetchfile_flags(file, HEK_LEN(GvFILE_HEK(gv)), 0);
1471 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_ONCE),
1472 "Name \"%s::%s\" used only once: possible typo",
1473 HvNAME_get(stash), GvNAME(gv));
1480 Perl_newGVgen(pTHX_ const char *pack)
1483 return gv_fetchpv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "%s::_GEN_%ld", pack, (long)PL_gensym++),
1487 /* hopefully this is only called on local symbol table entries */
1490 Perl_gp_ref(pTHX_ GP *gp)
1498 /* If the GP they asked for a reference to contains
1499 a method cache entry, clear it first, so that we
1500 don't infect them with our cached entry */
1501 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_cv);
1510 Perl_gp_free(pTHX_ GV *gv)
1515 if (!gv || !isGV_with_GP(gv) || !(gp = GvGP(gv)))
1517 if (gp->gp_refcnt == 0) {
1518 if (ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL))
1519 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
1520 "Attempt to free unreferenced glob pointers"
1521 pTHX__FORMAT pTHX__VALUE);
1524 if (--gp->gp_refcnt > 0) {
1525 if (gp->gp_egv == gv)
1531 if (gp->gp_file_hek)
1532 unshare_hek(gp->gp_file_hek);
1533 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_sv);
1534 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_av);
1535 /* FIXME - another reference loop GV -> symtab -> GV ?
1536 Somehow gp->gp_hv can end up pointing at freed garbage. */
1537 if (gp->gp_hv && SvTYPE(gp->gp_hv) == SVt_PVHV) {
1538 const char *hvname = HvNAME_get(gp->gp_hv);
1539 if (PL_stashcache && hvname)
1540 (void)hv_delete(PL_stashcache, hvname, HvNAMELEN_get(gp->gp_hv),
1542 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_hv);
1544 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_io);
1545 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_cv);
1546 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_form);
1553 Perl_magic_freeovrld(pTHX_ SV *sv, MAGIC *mg)
1555 AMT * const amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr;
1556 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(sv);
1558 if (amtp && AMT_AMAGIC(amtp)) {
1560 for (i = 1; i < NofAMmeth; i++) {
1561 CV * const cv = amtp->table[i];
1563 SvREFCNT_dec((SV *) cv);
1564 amtp->table[i] = NULL;
1571 /* Updates and caches the CV's */
1574 Perl_Gv_AMupdate(pTHX_ HV *stash)
1577 MAGIC* const mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1579 const struct mro_meta* stash_meta = HvMROMETA(stash);
1582 newgen = PL_sub_generation + stash_meta->pkg_gen + stash_meta->cache_gen;
1584 const AMT * const amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr;
1585 if (amtp->was_ok_am == PL_amagic_generation
1586 && amtp->was_ok_sub == newgen) {
1587 return (bool)AMT_OVERLOADED(amtp);
1589 sv_unmagic((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1592 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Recalcing overload magic in package %s\n",HvNAME_get(stash)) );
1595 amt.was_ok_am = PL_amagic_generation;
1596 amt.was_ok_sub = newgen;
1597 amt.fallback = AMGfallNO;
1601 int filled = 0, have_ovl = 0;
1604 /* Work with "fallback" key, which we assume to be first in PL_AMG_names */
1606 /* Try to find via inheritance. */
1607 GV *gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, PL_AMG_names[0], 2, -1);
1608 SV * const sv = gv ? GvSV(gv) : NULL;
1612 lim = DESTROY_amg; /* Skip overloading entries. */
1613 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
1615 NOOP; /* Equivalent to !SvTRUE and !SvOK */
1618 else if (SvTRUE(sv))
1619 amt.fallback=AMGfallYES;
1621 amt.fallback=AMGfallNEVER;
1623 for (i = 1; i < lim; i++)
1624 amt.table[i] = NULL;
1625 for (; i < NofAMmeth; i++) {
1626 const char * const cooky = PL_AMG_names[i];
1627 /* Human-readable form, for debugging: */
1628 const char * const cp = (i >= DESTROY_amg ? cooky : AMG_id2name(i));
1629 const STRLEN l = PL_AMG_namelens[i];
1631 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Checking overloading of \"%s\" in package \"%.256s\"\n",
1632 cp, HvNAME_get(stash)) );
1633 /* don't fill the cache while looking up!
1634 Creation of inheritance stubs in intermediate packages may
1635 conflict with the logic of runtime method substitution.
1636 Indeed, for inheritance A -> B -> C, if C overloads "+0",
1637 then we could have created stubs for "(+0" in A and C too.
1638 But if B overloads "bool", we may want to use it for
1639 numifying instead of C's "+0". */
1640 if (i >= DESTROY_amg)
1641 gv = Perl_gv_fetchmeth_autoload(aTHX_ stash, cooky, l, 0);
1642 else /* Autoload taken care of below */
1643 gv = Perl_gv_fetchmeth(aTHX_ stash, cooky, l, -1);
1645 if (gv && (cv = GvCV(gv))) {
1647 if (GvNAMELEN(CvGV(cv)) == 3 && strEQ(GvNAME(CvGV(cv)), "nil")
1648 && strEQ(hvname = HvNAME_get(GvSTASH(CvGV(cv))), "overload")) {
1649 /* This is a hack to support autoloading..., while
1650 knowing *which* methods were declared as overloaded. */
1651 /* GvSV contains the name of the method. */
1653 SV *gvsv = GvSV(gv);
1655 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Resolving method \"%"SVf256\
1656 "\" for overloaded \"%s\" in package \"%.256s\"\n",
1657 (void*)GvSV(gv), cp, hvname) );
1658 if (!gvsv || !SvPOK(gvsv)
1659 || !(ngv = gv_fetchmethod_autoload(stash, SvPVX_const(gvsv),
1662 /* Can be an import stub (created by "can"). */
1663 const char * const name = (gvsv && SvPOK(gvsv)) ? SvPVX_const(gvsv) : "???";
1664 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s method \"%.256s\" overloading \"%s\" "\
1665 "in package \"%.256s\"",
1666 (GvCVGEN(gv) ? "Stub found while resolving"
1670 cv = GvCV(gv = ngv);
1672 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Overloading \"%s\" in package \"%.256s\" via \"%.256s::%.256s\"\n",
1673 cp, HvNAME_get(stash), HvNAME_get(GvSTASH(CvGV(cv))),
1674 GvNAME(CvGV(cv))) );
1676 if (i < DESTROY_amg)
1678 } else if (gv) { /* Autoloaded... */
1682 amt.table[i]=(CV*)SvREFCNT_inc_simple(cv);
1685 AMT_AMAGIC_on(&amt);
1687 AMT_OVERLOADED_on(&amt);
1688 sv_magic((SV*)stash, 0, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table,
1689 (char*)&amt, sizeof(AMT));
1693 /* Here we have no table: */
1695 AMT_AMAGIC_off(&amt);
1696 sv_magic((SV*)stash, 0, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table,
1697 (char*)&amt, sizeof(AMTS));
1703 Perl_gv_handler(pTHX_ HV *stash, I32 id)
1709 struct mro_meta* stash_meta;
1711 if (!stash || !HvNAME_get(stash))
1714 stash_meta = HvMROMETA(stash);
1715 newgen = PL_sub_generation + stash_meta->pkg_gen + stash_meta->cache_gen;
1717 mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1721 mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1724 amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr;
1725 if ( amtp->was_ok_am != PL_amagic_generation
1726 || amtp->was_ok_sub != newgen )
1728 if (AMT_AMAGIC(amtp)) {
1729 CV * const ret = amtp->table[id];
1730 if (ret && isGV(ret)) { /* Autoloading stab */
1731 /* Passing it through may have resulted in a warning
1732 "Inherited AUTOLOAD for a non-method deprecated", since
1733 our caller is going through a function call, not a method call.
1734 So return the CV for AUTOLOAD, setting $AUTOLOAD. */
1735 GV * const gv = gv_fetchmethod(stash, PL_AMG_names[id]);
1748 Perl_amagic_call(pTHX_ SV *left, SV *right, int method, int flags)
1753 CV **cvp=NULL, **ocvp=NULL;
1754 AMT *amtp=NULL, *oamtp=NULL;
1755 int off = 0, off1, lr = 0, notfound = 0;
1756 int postpr = 0, force_cpy = 0;
1757 int assign = AMGf_assign & flags;
1758 const int assignshift = assign ? 1 : 0;
1763 if (!(AMGf_noleft & flags) && SvAMAGIC(left)
1764 && (stash = SvSTASH(SvRV(left)))
1765 && (mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table))
1766 && (ocvp = cvp = (AMT_AMAGIC((AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)
1767 ? (oamtp = amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)->table
1769 && ((cv = cvp[off=method+assignshift])
1770 || (assign && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER && /* fallback to
1776 cv = cvp[off=method])))) {
1777 lr = -1; /* Call method for left argument */
1779 if (cvp && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER && flags & AMGf_unary) {
1782 /* look for substituted methods */
1783 /* In all the covered cases we should be called with assign==0. */
1787 if ((cv = cvp[off=add_ass_amg])
1788 || ((cv = cvp[off = add_amg]) && (force_cpy = 0, postpr = 1))) {
1789 right = &PL_sv_yes; lr = -1; assign = 1;
1794 if ((cv = cvp[off = subtr_ass_amg])
1795 || ((cv = cvp[off = subtr_amg]) && (force_cpy = 0, postpr=1))) {
1796 right = &PL_sv_yes; lr = -1; assign = 1;
1800 (void)((cv = cvp[off=numer_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=string_amg]));
1803 (void)((cv = cvp[off=string_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=bool__amg]));
1806 (void)((cv = cvp[off=numer_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=bool__amg]));
1809 (void)((cv = cvp[off=bool__amg])
1810 || (cv = cvp[off=numer_amg])
1811 || (cv = cvp[off=string_amg]));
1817 * SV* ref causes confusion with the interpreter variable of
1820 SV* const tmpRef=SvRV(left);
1821 if (!SvROK(tmpRef) && SvTYPE(tmpRef) <= SVt_PVMG) {
1823 * Just to be extra cautious. Maybe in some
1824 * additional cases sv_setsv is safe, too.
1826 SV* const newref = newSVsv(tmpRef);
1827 SvOBJECT_on(newref);
1828 /* As a bit of a source compatibility hack, SvAMAGIC() and
1829 friends dereference an RV, to behave the same was as when
1830 overloading was stored on the reference, not the referant.
1831 Hence we can't use SvAMAGIC_on()
1833 SvFLAGS(newref) |= SVf_AMAGIC;
1834 SvSTASH_set(newref, (HV*)SvREFCNT_inc(SvSTASH(tmpRef)));
1840 if ((cvp[off1=lt_amg] || cvp[off1=ncmp_amg])
1841 && ((cv = cvp[off=neg_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=subtr_amg]))) {
1842 SV* const nullsv=sv_2mortal(newSViv(0));
1844 SV* const lessp = amagic_call(left,nullsv,
1845 lt_amg,AMGf_noright);
1846 logic = SvTRUE(lessp);
1848 SV* const lessp = amagic_call(left,nullsv,
1849 ncmp_amg,AMGf_noright);
1850 logic = (SvNV(lessp) < 0);
1853 if (off==subtr_amg) {
1864 if ((cv = cvp[off=subtr_amg])) {
1866 left = sv_2mortal(newSViv(0));
1871 case iter_amg: /* XXXX Eventually should do to_gv. */
1873 return NULL; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
1881 return left; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
1886 if (!cv) goto not_found;
1887 } else if (!(AMGf_noright & flags) && SvAMAGIC(right)
1888 && (stash = SvSTASH(SvRV(right)))
1889 && (mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table))
1890 && (cvp = (AMT_AMAGIC((AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)
1891 ? (amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)->table
1893 && (cv = cvp[off=method])) { /* Method for right
1896 } else if (((ocvp && oamtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER
1897 && (cvp=ocvp) && (lr = -1))
1898 || (cvp && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER && (lr=1)))
1899 && !(flags & AMGf_unary)) {
1900 /* We look for substitution for
1901 * comparison operations and
1903 if (method==concat_amg || method==concat_ass_amg
1904 || method==repeat_amg || method==repeat_ass_amg) {
1905 return NULL; /* Delegate operation to string conversion */
1915 postpr = 1; off=ncmp_amg; break;
1922 postpr = 1; off=scmp_amg; break;
1924 if (off != -1) cv = cvp[off];
1929 not_found: /* No method found, either report or croak */
1950 return left; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
1953 if (ocvp && (cv=ocvp[nomethod_amg])) { /* Call report method */
1954 notfound = 1; lr = -1;
1955 } else if (cvp && (cv=cvp[nomethod_amg])) {
1956 notfound = 1; lr = 1;
1957 } else if ((amtp && amtp->fallback >= AMGfallYES) && !DEBUG_o_TEST) {
1958 /* Skip generating the "no method found" message. */
1962 if (off==-1) off=method;
1963 msg = sv_2mortal(Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_
1964 "Operation \"%s\": no method found,%sargument %s%s%s%s",
1965 AMG_id2name(method + assignshift),
1966 (flags & AMGf_unary ? " " : "\n\tleft "),
1968 "in overloaded package ":
1969 "has no overloaded magic",
1971 HvNAME_get(SvSTASH(SvRV(left))):
1974 ",\n\tright argument in overloaded package ":
1977 : ",\n\tright argument has no overloaded magic"),
1979 HvNAME_get(SvSTASH(SvRV(right))):
1981 if (amtp && amtp->fallback >= AMGfallYES) {
1982 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "%s", SvPVX_const(msg)) );
1984 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%"SVf, SVfARG(msg));
1988 force_cpy = force_cpy || assign;
1993 DEBUG_o(Perl_deb(aTHX_
1994 "Overloaded operator \"%s\"%s%s%s:\n\tmethod%s found%s in package %s%s\n",
1996 method+assignshift==off? "" :
1998 method+assignshift==off? "" :
1999 AMG_id2name(method+assignshift),
2000 method+assignshift==off? "" : "\")",
2001 flags & AMGf_unary? "" :
2002 lr==1 ? " for right argument": " for left argument",
2003 flags & AMGf_unary? " for argument" : "",
2004 stash ? HvNAME_get(stash) : "null",
2005 fl? ",\n\tassignment variant used": "") );
2008 /* Since we use shallow copy during assignment, we need
2009 * to dublicate the contents, probably calling user-supplied
2010 * version of copy operator
2012 /* We need to copy in following cases:
2013 * a) Assignment form was called.
2014 * assignshift==1, assign==T, method + 1 == off
2015 * b) Increment or decrement, called directly.
2016 * assignshift==0, assign==0, method + 0 == off
2017 * c) Increment or decrement, translated to assignment add/subtr.
2018 * assignshift==0, assign==T,
2020 * d) Increment or decrement, translated to nomethod.
2021 * assignshift==0, assign==0,
2023 * e) Assignment form translated to nomethod.
2024 * assignshift==1, assign==T, method + 1 != off
2027 /* off is method, method+assignshift, or a result of opcode substitution.
2028 * In the latter case assignshift==0, so only notfound case is important.
2030 if (( (method + assignshift == off)
2031 && (assign || (method == inc_amg) || (method == dec_amg)))
2038 const bool oldcatch = CATCH_GET;
2041 Zero(&myop, 1, BINOP);
2042 myop.op_last = (OP *) &myop;
2043 myop.op_next = NULL;
2044 myop.op_flags = OPf_WANT_SCALAR | OPf_STACKED;
2046 PUSHSTACKi(PERLSI_OVERLOAD);
2049 PL_op = (OP *) &myop;
2050 if (PERLDB_SUB && PL_curstash != PL_debstash)
2051 PL_op->op_private |= OPpENTERSUB_DB;
2055 EXTEND(SP, notfound + 5);
2056 PUSHs(lr>0? right: left);
2057 PUSHs(lr>0? left: right);
2058 PUSHs( lr > 0 ? &PL_sv_yes : ( assign ? &PL_sv_undef : &PL_sv_no ));
2060 PUSHs(newSVpvn_flags(AMG_id2name(method + assignshift),
2061 AMG_id2namelen(method + assignshift), SVs_TEMP));
2066 if ((PL_op = Perl_pp_entersub(aTHX)))
2074 CATCH_SET(oldcatch);
2081 ans=SvIV(res)<=0; break;
2084 ans=SvIV(res)<0; break;
2087 ans=SvIV(res)>=0; break;
2090 ans=SvIV(res)>0; break;
2093 ans=SvIV(res)==0; break;
2096 ans=SvIV(res)!=0; break;
2099 SvSetSV(left,res); return left;
2101 ans=!SvTRUE(res); break;
2106 } else if (method==copy_amg) {
2108 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Copy method did not return a reference");
2110 return SvREFCNT_inc(SvRV(res));
2118 =for apidoc is_gv_magical_sv
2120 Returns C<TRUE> if given the name of a magical GV. Calls is_gv_magical.
2126 Perl_is_gv_magical_sv(pTHX_ SV *name, U32 flags)
2129 const char * const temp = SvPV_const(name, len);
2130 return is_gv_magical(temp, len, flags);
2134 =for apidoc is_gv_magical
2136 Returns C<TRUE> if given the name of a magical GV.
2138 Currently only useful internally when determining if a GV should be
2139 created even in rvalue contexts.
2141 C<flags> is not used at present but available for future extension to
2142 allow selecting particular classes of magical variable.
2144 Currently assumes that C<name> is NUL terminated (as well as len being valid).
2145 This assumption is met by all callers within the perl core, which all pass
2146 pointers returned by SvPV.
2151 Perl_is_gv_magical(pTHX_ const char *name, STRLEN len, U32 flags)
2153 PERL_UNUSED_CONTEXT;
2154 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(flags);
2157 const char * const name1 = name + 1;
2160 if (len == 3 && name1[1] == 'S' && name[2] == 'A')
2164 if (len == 8 && strEQ(name1, "VERLOAD"))
2168 if (len == 3 && name[1] == 'I' && name[2] == 'G')
2171 /* Using ${^...} variables is likely to be sufficiently rare that
2172 it seems sensible to avoid the space hit of also checking the
2174 case '\017': /* ${^OPEN} */
2175 if (strEQ(name1, "PEN"))
2178 case '\024': /* ${^TAINT} */
2179 if (strEQ(name1, "AINT"))
2182 case '\025': /* ${^UNICODE} */
2183 if (strEQ(name1, "NICODE"))
2185 if (strEQ(name1, "TF8LOCALE"))
2188 case '\027': /* ${^WARNING_BITS} */
2189 if (strEQ(name1, "ARNING_BITS"))
2202 const char *end = name + len;
2203 while (--end > name) {
2211 /* Because we're already assuming that name is NUL terminated
2212 below, we can treat an empty name as "\0" */
2239 case '\001': /* $^A */
2240 case '\003': /* $^C */
2241 case '\004': /* $^D */
2242 case '\005': /* $^E */
2243 case '\006': /* $^F */
2244 case '\010': /* $^H */
2245 case '\011': /* $^I, NOT \t in EBCDIC */
2246 case '\014': /* $^L */
2247 case '\016': /* $^N */
2248 case '\017': /* $^O */
2249 case '\020': /* $^P */
2250 case '\023': /* $^S */
2251 case '\024': /* $^T */
2252 case '\026': /* $^V */
2253 case '\027': /* $^W */
2273 Perl_gv_name_set(pTHX_ GV *gv, const char *name, U32 len, U32 flags)
2279 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(flags);
2282 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: gv name too long (%"UVuf")", (UV) len);
2284 if (!(flags & GV_ADD) && GvNAME_HEK(gv)) {
2285 unshare_hek(GvNAME_HEK(gv));
2288 PERL_HASH(hash, name, len);
2289 GvNAME_HEK(gv) = share_hek(name, len, hash);
2294 * c-indentation-style: bsd
2296 * indent-tabs-mode: t
2299 * ex: set ts=8 sts=4 sw=4 noet: