3 * Copyright (C) 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
4 * 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, by Larry Wall and others
6 * You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
7 * License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
12 * 'Mercy!' cried Gandalf. 'If the giving of information is to be the cure
13 * of your inquisitiveness, I shall spend all the rest of my days answering
14 * you. What more do you want to know?'
15 * 'The names of all the stars, and of all living things, and the whole
16 * history of Middle-earth and Over-heaven and of the Sundering Seas,'
23 A GV is a structure which corresponds to to a Perl typeglob, ie *foo.
24 It is a structure that holds a pointer to a scalar, an array, a hash etc,
25 corresponding to $foo, @foo, %foo.
27 GVs are usually found as values in stashes (symbol table hashes) where
28 Perl stores its global variables.
38 static const char S_autoload[] = "AUTOLOAD";
39 static const STRLEN S_autolen = sizeof(S_autoload)-1;
42 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
44 Perl_gv_SVadd(pTHX_ GV *gv)
46 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_SVADD;
48 if (!gv || SvTYPE((SV*)gv) != SVt_PVGV)
49 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for scalar");
57 Perl_gv_AVadd(pTHX_ register GV *gv)
59 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_AVADD;
61 if (!gv || SvTYPE((SV*)gv) != SVt_PVGV)
62 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for array");
69 Perl_gv_HVadd(pTHX_ register GV *gv)
71 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_HVADD;
73 if (!gv || SvTYPE((SV*)gv) != SVt_PVGV)
74 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for hash");
81 Perl_gv_IOadd(pTHX_ register GV *gv)
85 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_IOADD;
87 if (!gv || SvTYPE((SV*)gv) != SVt_PVGV) {
90 * if it walks like a dirhandle, then let's assume that
91 * this is a dirhandle.
93 const char * const fh =
94 PL_op->op_type == OP_READDIR ||
95 PL_op->op_type == OP_TELLDIR ||
96 PL_op->op_type == OP_SEEKDIR ||
97 PL_op->op_type == OP_REWINDDIR ||
98 PL_op->op_type == OP_CLOSEDIR ?
99 "dirhandle" : "filehandle";
100 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for %s", fh);
104 #ifdef GV_UNIQUE_CHECK
106 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for filehandle (GV is unique)");
115 Perl_gv_fetchfile(pTHX_ const char *name)
117 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHFILE;
118 return gv_fetchfile_flags(name, strlen(name), 0);
122 Perl_gv_fetchfile_flags(pTHX_ const char *const name, const STRLEN namelen,
128 const STRLEN tmplen = namelen + 2;
131 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHFILE_FLAGS;
132 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(flags);
137 if (tmplen <= sizeof smallbuf)
140 Newx(tmpbuf, tmplen, char);
141 /* This is where the debugger's %{"::_<$filename"} hash is created */
144 memcpy(tmpbuf + 2, name, namelen);
145 gv = *(GV**)hv_fetch(PL_defstash, tmpbuf, tmplen, TRUE);
147 gv_init(gv, PL_defstash, tmpbuf, tmplen, FALSE);
148 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
149 GvSV(gv) = newSVpvn(name, namelen);
151 sv_setpvn(GvSV(gv), name, namelen);
154 hv_magic(GvHVn(gv_AVadd(gv)), NULL, PERL_MAGIC_dbfile);
156 if (tmpbuf != smallbuf)
162 =for apidoc gv_const_sv
164 If C<gv> is a typeglob whose subroutine entry is a constant sub eligible for
165 inlining, or C<gv> is a placeholder reference that would be promoted to such
166 a typeglob, then returns the value returned by the sub. Otherwise, returns
173 Perl_gv_const_sv(pTHX_ GV *gv)
175 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_CONST_SV;
177 if (SvTYPE(gv) == SVt_PVGV)
178 return cv_const_sv(GvCVu(gv));
179 return SvROK(gv) ? SvRV(gv) : NULL;
183 Perl_newGP(pTHX_ GV *const gv)
188 const char *const file
189 = (PL_curcop && CopFILE(PL_curcop)) ? CopFILE(PL_curcop) : "";
190 const STRLEN len = strlen(file);
192 SV *const temp_sv = CopFILESV(PL_curcop);
196 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_NEWGP;
199 file = SvPVX(temp_sv);
200 len = SvCUR(temp_sv);
207 PERL_HASH(hash, file, len);
211 #ifndef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
212 gp->gp_sv = newSV(0);
215 gp->gp_line = PL_curcop ? CopLINE(PL_curcop) : 0;
216 /* XXX Ideally this cast would be replaced with a change to const char*
218 gp->gp_file_hek = share_hek(file, len, hash);
226 Perl_gv_init(pTHX_ GV *gv, HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, int multi)
229 const U32 old_type = SvTYPE(gv);
230 const bool doproto = old_type > SVt_NULL;
231 char * const proto = (doproto && SvPOK(gv)) ? SvPVX(gv) : NULL;
232 const STRLEN protolen = proto ? SvCUR(gv) : 0;
233 SV *const has_constant = doproto && SvROK(gv) ? SvRV(gv) : NULL;
234 const U32 exported_constant = has_constant ? SvPCS_IMPORTED(gv) : 0;
236 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_INIT;
237 assert (!(proto && has_constant));
240 /* The constant has to be a simple scalar type. */
241 switch (SvTYPE(has_constant)) {
247 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Cannot convert a reference to %s to typeglob",
248 sv_reftype(has_constant, 0));
256 if (old_type < SVt_PVGV) {
257 if (old_type >= SVt_PV)
259 sv_upgrade((SV*)gv, SVt_PVGV);
267 Safefree(SvPVX_mutable(gv));
272 GvGP(gv) = Perl_newGP(aTHX_ gv);
275 Perl_sv_add_backref(aTHX_ (SV*)stash, (SV*)gv);
276 gv_name_set(gv, name, len, GV_ADD);
277 if (multi || doproto) /* doproto means it _was_ mentioned */
279 if (doproto) { /* Replicate part of newSUB here. */
282 /* newCONSTSUB takes ownership of the reference from us. */
283 GvCV(gv) = newCONSTSUB(stash, name, has_constant);
284 /* If this reference was a copy of another, then the subroutine
285 must have been "imported", by a Perl space assignment to a GV
286 from a reference to CV. */
287 if (exported_constant)
288 GvIMPORTED_CV_on(gv);
290 (void) start_subparse(0,0); /* Create empty CV in compcv. */
291 GvCV(gv) = PL_compcv;
295 mro_method_changed_in(GvSTASH(gv)); /* sub Foo::bar($) { (shift) } sub ASDF::baz($); *ASDF::baz = \&Foo::bar */
297 CvFILE_set_from_cop(GvCV(gv), PL_curcop);
298 CvSTASH(GvCV(gv)) = PL_curstash;
300 sv_usepvn_flags((SV*)GvCV(gv), proto, protolen,
301 SV_HAS_TRAILING_NUL);
307 S_gv_init_sv(pTHX_ GV *gv, const svtype sv_type)
309 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_INIT_SV;
321 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
329 /* Work round what appears to be a bug in Sun C++ 5.8 2005/10/13
330 If we just cast GvSVn(gv) to void, it ignores evaluating it for
338 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth
340 Returns the glob with the given C<name> and a defined subroutine or
341 C<NULL>. The glob lives in the given C<stash>, or in the stashes
342 accessible via @ISA and UNIVERSAL::.
344 The argument C<level> should be either 0 or -1. If C<level==0>, as a
345 side-effect creates a glob with the given C<name> in the given C<stash>
346 which in the case of success contains an alias for the subroutine, and sets
347 up caching info for this glob.
349 This function grants C<"SUPER"> token as a postfix of the stash name. The
350 GV returned from C<gv_fetchmeth> may be a method cache entry, which is not
351 visible to Perl code. So when calling C<call_sv>, you should not use
352 the GV directly; instead, you should use the method's CV, which can be
353 obtained from the GV with the C<GvCV> macro.
358 /* NOTE: No support for tied ISA */
361 Perl_gv_fetchmeth(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, I32 level)
369 GV* candidate = NULL;
374 I32 create = (level >= 0) ? 1 : 0;
379 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETH;
381 /* UNIVERSAL methods should be callable without a stash */
383 create = 0; /* probably appropriate */
384 if(!(stash = gv_stashpvs("UNIVERSAL", 0)))
390 hvname = HvNAME_get(stash);
392 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't use anonymous symbol table for method lookup");
397 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Looking for method %s in package %s\n",name,hvname) );
399 topgen_cmp = HvMROMETA(stash)->cache_gen + PL_sub_generation;
401 /* check locally for a real method or a cache entry */
402 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash, name, len, create);
406 if (SvTYPE(topgv) != SVt_PVGV)
407 gv_init(topgv, stash, name, len, TRUE);
408 if ((cand_cv = GvCV(topgv))) {
409 /* If genuine method or valid cache entry, use it */
410 if (!GvCVGEN(topgv) || GvCVGEN(topgv) == topgen_cmp) {
414 /* stale cache entry, junk it and move on */
415 SvREFCNT_dec(cand_cv);
416 GvCV(topgv) = cand_cv = NULL;
420 else if (GvCVGEN(topgv) == topgen_cmp) {
421 /* cache indicates no such method definitively */
426 packlen = HvNAMELEN_get(stash);
427 if (packlen >= 7 && strEQ(hvname + packlen - 7, "::SUPER")) {
430 basestash = gv_stashpvn(hvname, packlen, GV_ADD);
431 linear_av = mro_get_linear_isa(basestash);
434 linear_av = mro_get_linear_isa(stash); /* has ourselves at the top of the list */
437 linear_svp = AvARRAY(linear_av) + 1; /* skip over self */
438 items = AvFILLp(linear_av); /* no +1, to skip over self */
440 linear_sv = *linear_svp++;
442 cstash = gv_stashsv(linear_sv, 0);
445 if (ckWARN(WARN_SYNTAX))
446 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_SYNTAX), "Can't locate package %"SVf" for @%s::ISA",
447 SVfARG(linear_sv), hvname);
453 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(cstash, name, len, 0);
457 if (SvTYPE(candidate) != SVt_PVGV) gv_init(candidate, cstash, name, len, TRUE);
458 if (SvTYPE(candidate) == SVt_PVGV && (cand_cv = GvCV(candidate)) && !GvCVGEN(candidate)) {
460 * Found real method, cache method in topgv if:
461 * 1. topgv has no synonyms (else inheritance crosses wires)
462 * 2. method isn't a stub (else AUTOLOAD fails spectacularly)
464 if (topgv && (GvREFCNT(topgv) == 1) && (CvROOT(cand_cv) || CvXSUB(cand_cv))) {
465 if ((old_cv = GvCV(topgv))) SvREFCNT_dec(old_cv);
466 SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void_NN(cand_cv);
467 GvCV(topgv) = cand_cv;
468 GvCVGEN(topgv) = topgen_cmp;
474 /* Check UNIVERSAL without caching */
475 if(level == 0 || level == -1) {
476 candidate = gv_fetchmeth(NULL, name, len, 1);
478 cand_cv = GvCV(candidate);
479 if (topgv && (GvREFCNT(topgv) == 1) && (CvROOT(cand_cv) || CvXSUB(cand_cv))) {
480 if ((old_cv = GvCV(topgv))) SvREFCNT_dec(old_cv);
481 SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void_NN(cand_cv);
482 GvCV(topgv) = cand_cv;
483 GvCVGEN(topgv) = topgen_cmp;
489 if (topgv && GvREFCNT(topgv) == 1) {
490 /* cache the fact that the method is not defined */
491 GvCVGEN(topgv) = topgen_cmp;
498 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth_autoload
500 Same as gv_fetchmeth(), but looks for autoloaded subroutines too.
501 Returns a glob for the subroutine.
503 For an autoloaded subroutine without a GV, will create a GV even
504 if C<level < 0>. For an autoloaded subroutine without a stub, GvCV()
505 of the result may be zero.
511 Perl_gv_fetchmeth_autoload(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, I32 level)
513 GV *gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, name, len, level);
515 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETH_AUTOLOAD;
522 return NULL; /* UNIVERSAL::AUTOLOAD could cause trouble */
523 if (len == S_autolen && memEQ(name, S_autoload, S_autolen))
525 if (!(gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, S_autoload, S_autolen, FALSE)))
528 if (!(CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv)))
530 /* Have an autoload */
531 if (level < 0) /* Cannot do without a stub */
532 gv_fetchmeth(stash, name, len, 0);
533 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash, name, len, (level >= 0));
542 =for apidoc gv_fetchmethod_autoload
544 Returns the glob which contains the subroutine to call to invoke the method
545 on the C<stash>. In fact in the presence of autoloading this may be the
546 glob for "AUTOLOAD". In this case the corresponding variable $AUTOLOAD is
549 The third parameter of C<gv_fetchmethod_autoload> determines whether
550 AUTOLOAD lookup is performed if the given method is not present: non-zero
551 means yes, look for AUTOLOAD; zero means no, don't look for AUTOLOAD.
552 Calling C<gv_fetchmethod> is equivalent to calling C<gv_fetchmethod_autoload>
553 with a non-zero C<autoload> parameter.
555 These functions grant C<"SUPER"> token as a prefix of the method name. Note
556 that if you want to keep the returned glob for a long time, you need to
557 check for it being "AUTOLOAD", since at the later time the call may load a
558 different subroutine due to $AUTOLOAD changing its value. Use the glob
559 created via a side effect to do this.
561 These functions have the same side-effects and as C<gv_fetchmeth> with
562 C<level==0>. C<name> should be writable if contains C<':'> or C<'
563 ''>. The warning against passing the GV returned by C<gv_fetchmeth> to
564 C<call_sv> apply equally to these functions.
570 S_gv_get_super_pkg(pTHX_ const char* name, I32 namelen)
577 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_GET_SUPER_PKG;
579 stash = gv_stashpvn(name, namelen, 0);
580 if(stash) return stash;
582 /* If we must create it, give it an @ISA array containing
583 the real package this SUPER is for, so that it's tied
584 into the cache invalidation code correctly */
585 stash = gv_stashpvn(name, namelen, GV_ADD);
586 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetchs(stash, "ISA", TRUE);
588 gv_init(gv, stash, "ISA", 3, TRUE);
589 superisa = GvAVn(gv);
591 sv_magic((SV*)superisa, (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_isa, NULL, 0);
593 av_push(superisa, newSVpv(CopSTASHPV(PL_curcop), 0));
595 av_push(superisa, newSVhek(CopSTASH(PL_curcop)
596 ? HvNAME_HEK(CopSTASH(PL_curcop)) : NULL));
602 /* FIXME. If changing this function note the comment in pp_hot's
605 This code tries to figure out just what went wrong with
606 gv_fetchmethod. It therefore needs to duplicate a lot of
607 the internals of that function. ...
609 I'd guess that with one more flag bit that could all be moved inside
614 Perl_gv_fetchmethod_autoload(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, I32 autoload)
617 register const char *nend;
618 const char *nsplit = NULL;
621 const char * const origname = name;
623 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETHOD_AUTOLOAD;
625 if (stash && SvTYPE(stash) < SVt_PVHV)
628 for (nend = name; *nend; nend++) {
633 else if (*nend == ':' && *(nend + 1) == ':') {
639 if ((nsplit - origname) == 5 && memEQ(origname, "SUPER", 5)) {
640 /* ->SUPER::method should really be looked up in original stash */
641 SV * const tmpstr = sv_2mortal(Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_ "%s::SUPER",
642 CopSTASHPV(PL_curcop)));
643 /* __PACKAGE__::SUPER stash should be autovivified */
644 stash = gv_get_super_pkg(SvPVX_const(tmpstr), SvCUR(tmpstr));
645 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Treating %s as %s::%s\n",
646 origname, HvNAME_get(stash), name) );
649 /* don't autovifify if ->NoSuchStash::method */
650 stash = gv_stashpvn(origname, nsplit - origname, 0);
652 /* however, explicit calls to Pkg::SUPER::method may
653 happen, and may require autovivification to work */
654 if (!stash && (nsplit - origname) >= 7 &&
655 strnEQ(nsplit - 7, "::SUPER", 7) &&
656 gv_stashpvn(origname, nsplit - origname - 7, 0))
657 stash = gv_get_super_pkg(origname, nsplit - origname);
662 gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, name, nend - name, 0);
664 if (strEQ(name,"import") || strEQ(name,"unimport"))
665 gv = (GV*)&PL_sv_yes;
667 gv = gv_autoload4(ostash, name, nend - name, TRUE);
670 CV* const cv = GvCV(gv);
671 if (!CvROOT(cv) && !CvXSUB(cv)) {
679 if (GvCV(stubgv) != cv) /* orphaned import */
682 autogv = gv_autoload4(GvSTASH(stubgv),
683 GvNAME(stubgv), GvNAMELEN(stubgv), TRUE);
693 Perl_gv_autoload4(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, I32 method)
701 const char *packname = "";
702 STRLEN packname_len = 0;
704 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_AUTOLOAD4;
706 if (len == S_autolen && memEQ(name, S_autoload, S_autolen))
709 if (SvTYPE(stash) < SVt_PVHV) {
710 packname = SvPV_const((SV*)stash, packname_len);
714 packname = HvNAME_get(stash);
715 packname_len = HvNAMELEN_get(stash);
718 if (!(gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, S_autoload, S_autolen, FALSE)))
722 if (!(CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv)))
726 * Inheriting AUTOLOAD for non-methods works ... for now.
728 if (!method && (GvCVGEN(gv) || GvSTASH(gv) != stash)
729 && ckWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX)
731 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX),
732 "Use of inherited AUTOLOAD for non-method %s::%.*s() is deprecated",
733 packname, (int)len, name);
736 /* rather than lookup/init $AUTOLOAD here
737 * only to have the XSUB do another lookup for $AUTOLOAD
738 * and split that value on the last '::',
739 * pass along the same data via some unused fields in the CV
742 SvPV_set(cv, (char *)name); /* cast to lose constness warning */
748 * Given &FOO::AUTOLOAD, set $FOO::AUTOLOAD to desired function name.
749 * The subroutine's original name may not be "AUTOLOAD", so we don't
750 * use that, but for lack of anything better we will use the sub's
751 * original package to look up $AUTOLOAD.
753 varstash = GvSTASH(CvGV(cv));
754 vargv = *(GV**)hv_fetch(varstash, S_autoload, S_autolen, TRUE);
758 gv_init(vargv, varstash, S_autoload, S_autolen, FALSE);
759 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
760 GvSV(vargv) = newSV(0);
764 varsv = GvSVn(vargv);
765 sv_setpvn(varsv, packname, packname_len);
766 sv_catpvs(varsv, "::");
767 sv_catpvn(varsv, name, len);
772 /* require_tie_mod() internal routine for requiring a module
773 * that implements the logic of automatical ties like %! and %-
775 * The "gv" parameter should be the glob.
776 * "varpv" holds the name of the var, used for error messages.
777 * "namesv" holds the module name. Its refcount will be decremented.
778 * "methpv" holds the method name to test for to check that things
779 * are working reasonably close to as expected.
780 * "flags": if flag & 1 then save the scalar before loading.
781 * For the protection of $! to work (it is set by this routine)
782 * the sv slot must already be magicalized.
785 S_require_tie_mod(pTHX_ GV *gv, const char *varpv, SV* namesv, const char *methpv,const U32 flags)
788 HV* stash = gv_stashsv(namesv, 0);
790 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_REQUIRE_TIE_MOD;
792 if (!stash || !(gv_fetchmethod(stash, methpv))) {
793 SV *module = newSVsv(namesv);
794 char varname = *varpv; /* varpv might be clobbered by load_module,
795 so save it. For the moment it's always
801 PUSHSTACKi(PERLSI_MAGIC);
802 Perl_load_module(aTHX_ PERL_LOADMOD_NOIMPORT, module, NULL);
806 stash = gv_stashsv(namesv, 0);
808 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: Can't use %%%c because %"SVf" is not available",
809 varname, SVfARG(namesv));
810 else if (!gv_fetchmethod(stash, methpv))
811 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: Can't use %%%c because %"SVf" does not support method %s",
812 varname, SVfARG(namesv), methpv);
814 SvREFCNT_dec(namesv);
819 =for apidoc gv_stashpv
821 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package. Uses C<strlen> to
822 determine the length of C<name>, then calls C<gv_stashpvn()>.
828 Perl_gv_stashpv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
830 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_STASHPV;
831 return gv_stashpvn(name, strlen(name), create);
835 =for apidoc gv_stashpvn
837 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package. The C<namelen>
838 parameter indicates the length of the C<name>, in bytes. C<flags> is passed
839 to C<gv_fetchpvn_flags()>, so if set to C<GV_ADD> then the package will be
840 created if it does not already exist. If the package does not exist and
841 C<flags> is 0 (or any other setting that does not create packages) then NULL
849 Perl_gv_stashpvn(pTHX_ const char *name, U32 namelen, I32 flags)
856 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_STASHPVN;
858 if (namelen + 2 <= sizeof smallbuf)
861 Newx(tmpbuf, namelen + 2, char);
862 Copy(name,tmpbuf,namelen,char);
863 tmpbuf[namelen++] = ':';
864 tmpbuf[namelen++] = ':';
865 tmpgv = gv_fetchpvn_flags(tmpbuf, namelen, flags, SVt_PVHV);
866 if (tmpbuf != smallbuf)
871 GvHV(tmpgv) = newHV();
873 if (!HvNAME_get(stash))
874 hv_name_set(stash, name, namelen, 0);
879 =for apidoc gv_stashsv
881 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package. See C<gv_stashpvn>.
887 Perl_gv_stashsv(pTHX_ SV *sv, I32 flags)
890 const char * const ptr = SvPV_const(sv,len);
892 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_STASHSV;
894 return gv_stashpvn(ptr, len, flags);
899 Perl_gv_fetchpv(pTHX_ const char *nambeg, I32 add, const svtype sv_type) {
900 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHPV;
901 return gv_fetchpvn_flags(nambeg, strlen(nambeg), add, sv_type);
905 Perl_gv_fetchsv(pTHX_ SV *name, I32 flags, const svtype sv_type) {
907 const char * const nambeg = SvPV_const(name, len);
908 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHSV;
909 return gv_fetchpvn_flags(nambeg, len, flags | SvUTF8(name), sv_type);
913 Perl_gv_fetchpvn_flags(pTHX_ const char *nambeg, STRLEN full_len, I32 flags,
914 const svtype sv_type)
917 register const char *name = nambeg;
918 register GV *gv = NULL;
921 register const char *name_cursor;
923 const I32 no_init = flags & (GV_NOADD_NOINIT | GV_NOINIT);
924 const I32 no_expand = flags & GV_NOEXPAND;
925 const I32 add = flags & ~GV_NOADD_MASK;
926 const char *const name_end = nambeg + full_len;
927 const char *const name_em1 = name_end - 1;
930 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHPVN_FLAGS;
932 if (flags & GV_NOTQUAL) {
933 /* Caller promised that there is no stash, so we can skip the check. */
938 if (full_len > 2 && *name == '*' && isALPHA(name[1])) {
939 /* accidental stringify on a GV? */
943 for (name_cursor = name; name_cursor < name_end; name_cursor++) {
944 if ((*name_cursor == ':' && name_cursor < name_em1
945 && name_cursor[1] == ':')
946 || (*name_cursor == '\'' && name_cursor[1]))
950 if (!stash || !SvREFCNT(stash)) /* symbol table under destruction */
953 len = name_cursor - name;
958 if (len + 2 <= (I32)sizeof (smallbuf))
961 Newx(tmpbuf, len+2, char);
962 Copy(name, tmpbuf, len, char);
965 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash,tmpbuf,len,add);
966 gv = gvp ? *gvp : NULL;
967 if (gv && gv != (GV*)&PL_sv_undef) {
968 if (SvTYPE(gv) != SVt_PVGV)
969 gv_init(gv, stash, tmpbuf, len, (add & GV_ADDMULTI));
973 if (tmpbuf != smallbuf)
975 if (!gv || gv == (GV*)&PL_sv_undef)
978 if (!(stash = GvHV(gv)))
979 stash = GvHV(gv) = newHV();
981 if (!HvNAME_get(stash))
982 hv_name_set(stash, nambeg, name_cursor - nambeg, 0);
985 if (*name_cursor == ':')
989 if (name == name_end)
990 return gv ? gv : (GV*)*hv_fetchs(PL_defstash, "main::", TRUE);
993 len = name_cursor - name;
995 /* No stash in name, so see how we can default */
999 if (len && isIDFIRST_lazy(name)) {
1000 bool global = FALSE;
1008 if ((name[0] == 'I' && name[1] == 'N' && name[2] == 'C')
1009 || (name[0] == 'E' && name[1] == 'N' && name[2] == 'V')
1010 || (name[0] == 'S' && name[1] == 'I' && name[2] == 'G'))
1014 if (name[0] == 'A' && name[1] == 'R' && name[2] == 'G'
1019 if (name[0] == 'S' && name[1] == 'T' && name[2] == 'D'
1020 && name[3] == 'I' && name[4] == 'N')
1024 if ((name[0] == 'S' && name[1] == 'T' && name[2] == 'D')
1025 &&((name[3] == 'O' && name[4] == 'U' && name[5] == 'T')
1026 ||(name[3] == 'E' && name[4] == 'R' && name[5] == 'R')))
1030 if (name[0] == 'A' && name[1] == 'R' && name[2] == 'G'
1031 && name[3] == 'V' && name[4] == 'O' && name[5] == 'U'
1038 stash = PL_defstash;
1039 else if (IN_PERL_COMPILETIME) {
1040 stash = PL_curstash;
1041 if (add && (PL_hints & HINT_STRICT_VARS) &&
1042 sv_type != SVt_PVCV &&
1043 sv_type != SVt_PVGV &&
1044 sv_type != SVt_PVFM &&
1045 sv_type != SVt_PVIO &&
1046 !(len == 1 && sv_type == SVt_PV &&
1047 (*name == 'a' || *name == 'b')) )
1049 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash,name,len,0);
1051 *gvp == (GV*)&PL_sv_undef ||
1052 SvTYPE(*gvp) != SVt_PVGV)
1056 else if ((sv_type == SVt_PV && !GvIMPORTED_SV(*gvp)) ||
1057 (sv_type == SVt_PVAV && !GvIMPORTED_AV(*gvp)) ||
1058 (sv_type == SVt_PVHV && !GvIMPORTED_HV(*gvp)) )
1060 Perl_warn(aTHX_ "Variable \"%c%s\" is not imported",
1061 sv_type == SVt_PVAV ? '@' :
1062 sv_type == SVt_PVHV ? '%' : '$',
1065 Perl_warn(aTHX_ "\t(Did you mean &%s instead?)\n", name);
1071 stash = CopSTASH(PL_curcop);
1074 stash = PL_defstash;
1077 /* By this point we should have a stash and a name */
1081 SV * const err = Perl_mess(aTHX_
1082 "Global symbol \"%s%s\" requires explicit package name",
1083 (sv_type == SVt_PV ? "$"
1084 : sv_type == SVt_PVAV ? "@"
1085 : sv_type == SVt_PVHV ? "%"
1088 if (USE_UTF8_IN_NAMES)
1091 gv = gv_fetchpvn_flags("<none>::", 8, GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV);
1093 /* symbol table under destruction */
1102 if (!SvREFCNT(stash)) /* symbol table under destruction */
1105 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash,name,len,add);
1106 if (!gvp || *gvp == (GV*)&PL_sv_undef)
1109 if (SvTYPE(gv) == SVt_PVGV) {
1112 gv_init_sv(gv, sv_type);
1113 if (len == 1 && (sv_type == SVt_PVHV || sv_type == SVt_PVGV)) {
1115 require_tie_mod(gv, "!", newSVpvs("Errno"), "TIEHASH", 1);
1116 else if (*name == '-' || *name == '+')
1117 require_tie_mod(gv, name, newSVpvs("Tie::Hash::NamedCapture"), "TIEHASH", 0);
1121 } else if (no_init) {
1123 } else if (no_expand && SvROK(gv)) {
1127 /* Adding a new symbol.
1128 Unless of course there was already something non-GV here, in which case
1129 we want to behave as if there was always a GV here, containing some sort
1131 Otherwise we run the risk of creating things like GvIO, which can cause
1132 subtle bugs. eg the one that tripped up SQL::Translator */
1134 faking_it = SvOK(gv);
1136 if (add & GV_ADDWARN && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL))
1137 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL), "Had to create %s unexpectedly", nambeg);
1138 gv_init(gv, stash, name, len, add & GV_ADDMULTI);
1139 gv_init_sv(gv, faking_it ? SVt_PVCV : sv_type);
1141 if (isALPHA(name[0]) && ! (isLEXWARN_on ? ckWARN(WARN_ONCE)
1142 : (PL_dowarn & G_WARN_ON ) ) )
1145 /* set up magic where warranted */
1150 /* Nothing else to do.
1151 The compiler will probably turn the switch statement into a
1152 branch table. Make sure we avoid even that small overhead for
1153 the common case of lower case variable names. */
1157 const char * const name2 = name + 1;
1160 if (strEQ(name2, "RGV")) {
1161 IoFLAGS(GvIOn(gv)) |= IOf_ARGV|IOf_START;
1163 else if (strEQ(name2, "RGVOUT")) {
1168 if (strnEQ(name2, "XPORT", 5))
1172 if (strEQ(name2, "SA")) {
1173 AV* const av = GvAVn(gv);
1175 sv_magic((SV*)av, (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_isa, NULL, 0);
1176 /* NOTE: No support for tied ISA */
1177 if ((add & GV_ADDMULTI) && strEQ(nambeg,"AnyDBM_File::ISA")
1178 && AvFILLp(av) == -1)
1181 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "NDBM_File",9));
1182 gv_stashpvn(pname, 9, GV_ADD);
1183 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "DB_File",7));
1184 gv_stashpvn(pname, 7, GV_ADD);
1185 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "GDBM_File",9));
1186 gv_stashpvn(pname, 9, GV_ADD);
1187 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "SDBM_File",9));
1188 gv_stashpvn(pname, 9, GV_ADD);
1189 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "ODBM_File",9));
1190 gv_stashpvn(pname, 9, GV_ADD);
1195 if (strEQ(name2, "VERLOAD")) {
1196 HV* const hv = GvHVn(gv);
1198 hv_magic(hv, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_overload);
1202 if (strEQ(name2, "IG")) {
1206 Newxz(PL_psig_ptr, SIG_SIZE, SV*);
1207 Newxz(PL_psig_name, SIG_SIZE, SV*);
1208 Newxz(PL_psig_pend, SIG_SIZE, int);
1212 hv_magic(hv, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_sig);
1213 for (i = 1; i < SIG_SIZE; i++) {
1214 SV * const * const init = hv_fetch(hv, PL_sig_name[i], strlen(PL_sig_name[i]), 1);
1216 sv_setsv(*init, &PL_sv_undef);
1218 PL_psig_name[i] = 0;
1219 PL_psig_pend[i] = 0;
1224 if (strEQ(name2, "ERSION"))
1227 case '\003': /* $^CHILD_ERROR_NATIVE */
1228 if (strEQ(name2, "HILD_ERROR_NATIVE"))
1231 case '\005': /* $^ENCODING */
1232 if (strEQ(name2, "NCODING"))
1235 case '\015': /* $^MATCH */
1236 if (strEQ(name2, "ATCH"))
1238 case '\017': /* $^OPEN */
1239 if (strEQ(name2, "PEN"))
1242 case '\020': /* $^PREMATCH $^POSTMATCH */
1243 if (strEQ(name2, "REMATCH") || strEQ(name2, "OSTMATCH"))
1245 case '\024': /* ${^TAINT} */
1246 if (strEQ(name2, "AINT"))
1249 case '\025': /* ${^UNICODE}, ${^UTF8LOCALE} */
1250 if (strEQ(name2, "NICODE"))
1252 if (strEQ(name2, "TF8LOCALE"))
1254 if (strEQ(name2, "TF8CACHE"))
1257 case '\027': /* $^WARNING_BITS */
1258 if (strEQ(name2, "ARNING_BITS"))
1271 /* Ensures that we have an all-digit variable, ${"1foo"} fails
1273 /* This snippet is taken from is_gv_magical */
1274 const char *end = name + len;
1275 while (--end > name) {
1276 if (!isDIGIT(*end)) return gv;
1283 /* Names of length 1. (Or 0. But name is NUL terminated, so that will
1284 be case '\0' in this switch statement (ie a default case) */
1290 sv_type == SVt_PVAV ||
1291 sv_type == SVt_PVHV ||
1292 sv_type == SVt_PVCV ||
1293 sv_type == SVt_PVFM ||
1296 PL_sawampersand = TRUE;
1300 sv_setpv(GvSVn(gv),PL_chopset);
1304 #ifdef COMPLEX_STATUS
1305 SvUPGRADE(GvSVn(gv), SVt_PVLV);
1311 /* If %! has been used, automatically load Errno.pm. */
1313 sv_magic(GvSVn(gv), (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, len);
1315 /* magicalization must be done before require_tie_mod is called */
1316 if (sv_type == SVt_PVHV || sv_type == SVt_PVGV)
1317 require_tie_mod(gv, "!", newSVpvs("Errno"), "TIEHASH", 1);
1322 GvMULTI_on(gv); /* no used once warnings here */
1324 AV* const av = GvAVn(gv);
1325 SV* const avc = (*name == '+') ? (SV*)av : NULL;
1327 sv_magic((SV*)av, avc, PERL_MAGIC_regdata, NULL, 0);
1328 sv_magic(GvSVn(gv), (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, len);
1330 SvREADONLY_on(GvSVn(gv));
1333 if (sv_type == SVt_PVHV || sv_type == SVt_PVGV)
1334 require_tie_mod(gv, name, newSVpvs("Tie::Hash::NamedCapture"), "TIEHASH", 0);
1340 if (sv_type == SVt_PV && ckWARN2_d(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX))
1341 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX),
1342 "$%c is no longer supported", *name);
1345 sv_setiv(GvSVn(gv), (IV)(IoFLAGS(GvIOp(PL_defoutgv)) & IOf_FLUSH) != 0);
1348 case '\010': /* $^H */
1350 HV *const hv = GvHVn(gv);
1351 hv_magic(hv, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_hints);
1354 case '\023': /* $^S */
1356 SvREADONLY_on(GvSVn(gv));
1380 case '\001': /* $^A */
1381 case '\003': /* $^C */
1382 case '\004': /* $^D */
1383 case '\005': /* $^E */
1384 case '\006': /* $^F */
1385 case '\011': /* $^I, NOT \t in EBCDIC */
1386 case '\016': /* $^N */
1387 case '\017': /* $^O */
1388 case '\020': /* $^P */
1389 case '\024': /* $^T */
1390 case '\027': /* $^W */
1392 sv_magic(GvSVn(gv), (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, len);
1395 case '\014': /* $^L */
1396 sv_setpvn(GvSVn(gv),"\f",1);
1397 PL_formfeed = GvSVn(gv);
1400 sv_setpvn(GvSVn(gv),"\034",1);
1404 SV * const sv = GvSVn(gv);
1405 if (!sv_derived_from(PL_patchlevel, "version"))
1406 upg_version(PL_patchlevel, TRUE);
1407 GvSV(gv) = vnumify(PL_patchlevel);
1408 SvREADONLY_on(GvSV(gv));
1412 case '\026': /* $^V */
1414 SV * const sv = GvSVn(gv);
1415 GvSV(gv) = new_version(PL_patchlevel);
1416 SvREADONLY_on(GvSV(gv));
1426 Perl_gv_fullname4(pTHX_ SV *sv, const GV *gv, const char *prefix, bool keepmain)
1430 const HV * const hv = GvSTASH(gv);
1432 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FULLNAME4;
1438 sv_setpv(sv, prefix ? prefix : "");
1440 name = HvNAME_get(hv);
1442 namelen = HvNAMELEN_get(hv);
1448 if (keepmain || strNE(name, "main")) {
1449 sv_catpvn(sv,name,namelen);
1452 sv_catpvn(sv,GvNAME(gv),GvNAMELEN(gv));
1456 Perl_gv_efullname4(pTHX_ SV *sv, const GV *gv, const char *prefix, bool keepmain)
1458 const GV * const egv = GvEGV(gv);
1460 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_EFULLNAME4;
1462 gv_fullname4(sv, egv ? egv : gv, prefix, keepmain);
1470 IO * const io = (IO*)newSV_type(SVt_PVIO);
1471 /* This used to read SvREFCNT(io) = 1;
1472 It's not clear why the reference count needed an explicit reset. NWC
1474 assert (SvREFCNT(io) == 1);
1476 /* Clear the stashcache because a new IO could overrule a package name */
1477 hv_clear(PL_stashcache);
1478 iogv = gv_fetchpvs("FileHandle::", 0, SVt_PVHV);
1479 /* unless exists($main::{FileHandle}) and defined(%main::FileHandle::) */
1480 if (!(iogv && GvHV(iogv) && HvARRAY(GvHV(iogv))))
1481 iogv = gv_fetchpvs("IO::Handle::", GV_ADD, SVt_PVHV);
1482 SvSTASH_set(io, (HV*)SvREFCNT_inc(GvHV(iogv)));
1487 Perl_gv_check(pTHX_ const HV *stash)
1492 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_CHECK;
1494 if (!HvARRAY(stash))
1496 for (i = 0; i <= (I32) HvMAX(stash); i++) {
1498 for (entry = HvARRAY(stash)[i]; entry; entry = HeNEXT(entry)) {
1501 if (HeKEY(entry)[HeKLEN(entry)-1] == ':' &&
1502 (gv = (GV*)HeVAL(entry)) && isGV(gv) && (hv = GvHV(gv)))
1504 if (hv != PL_defstash && hv != stash)
1505 gv_check(hv); /* nested package */
1507 else if (isALPHA(*HeKEY(entry))) {
1509 gv = (GV*)HeVAL(entry);
1510 if (SvTYPE(gv) != SVt_PVGV || GvMULTI(gv))
1513 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, GvLINE(gv));
1515 CopFILE(PL_curcop) = (char *)file; /* set for warning */
1517 CopFILEGV(PL_curcop)
1518 = gv_fetchfile_flags(file, HEK_LEN(GvFILE_HEK(gv)), 0);
1520 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_ONCE),
1521 "Name \"%s::%s\" used only once: possible typo",
1522 HvNAME_get(stash), GvNAME(gv));
1529 Perl_newGVgen(pTHX_ const char *pack)
1533 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_NEWGVGEN;
1535 return gv_fetchpv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "%s::_GEN_%ld", pack, (long)PL_gensym++),
1539 /* hopefully this is only called on local symbol table entries */
1542 Perl_gp_ref(pTHX_ GP *gp)
1550 /* If the GP they asked for a reference to contains
1551 a method cache entry, clear it first, so that we
1552 don't infect them with our cached entry */
1553 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_cv);
1562 Perl_gp_free(pTHX_ GV *gv)
1567 if (!gv || !isGV_with_GP(gv) || !(gp = GvGP(gv)))
1569 if (gp->gp_refcnt == 0) {
1570 if (ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL))
1571 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
1572 "Attempt to free unreferenced glob pointers"
1573 pTHX__FORMAT pTHX__VALUE);
1576 if (--gp->gp_refcnt > 0) {
1577 if (gp->gp_egv == gv)
1583 if (gp->gp_file_hek)
1584 unshare_hek(gp->gp_file_hek);
1585 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_sv);
1586 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_av);
1587 /* FIXME - another reference loop GV -> symtab -> GV ?
1588 Somehow gp->gp_hv can end up pointing at freed garbage. */
1589 if (gp->gp_hv && SvTYPE(gp->gp_hv) == SVt_PVHV) {
1590 const char *hvname = HvNAME_get(gp->gp_hv);
1591 if (PL_stashcache && hvname)
1592 (void)hv_delete(PL_stashcache, hvname, HvNAMELEN_get(gp->gp_hv),
1594 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_hv);
1596 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_io);
1597 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_cv);
1598 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_form);
1605 Perl_magic_freeovrld(pTHX_ SV *sv, MAGIC *mg)
1607 AMT * const amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr;
1608 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(sv);
1610 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_MAGIC_FREEOVRLD;
1612 if (amtp && AMT_AMAGIC(amtp)) {
1614 for (i = 1; i < NofAMmeth; i++) {
1615 CV * const cv = amtp->table[i];
1617 SvREFCNT_dec((SV *) cv);
1618 amtp->table[i] = NULL;
1625 /* Updates and caches the CV's */
1628 Perl_Gv_AMupdate(pTHX_ HV *stash)
1631 MAGIC* const mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1633 const struct mro_meta* stash_meta = HvMROMETA(stash);
1636 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_AMUPDATE;
1638 newgen = PL_sub_generation + stash_meta->pkg_gen + stash_meta->cache_gen;
1640 const AMT * const amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr;
1641 if (amtp->was_ok_am == PL_amagic_generation
1642 && amtp->was_ok_sub == newgen) {
1643 return (bool)AMT_OVERLOADED(amtp);
1645 sv_unmagic((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1648 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Recalcing overload magic in package %s\n",HvNAME_get(stash)) );
1651 amt.was_ok_am = PL_amagic_generation;
1652 amt.was_ok_sub = newgen;
1653 amt.fallback = AMGfallNO;
1657 int filled = 0, have_ovl = 0;
1660 /* Work with "fallback" key, which we assume to be first in PL_AMG_names */
1662 /* Try to find via inheritance. */
1663 GV *gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, PL_AMG_names[0], 2, -1);
1664 SV * const sv = gv ? GvSV(gv) : NULL;
1668 lim = DESTROY_amg; /* Skip overloading entries. */
1669 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
1671 NOOP; /* Equivalent to !SvTRUE and !SvOK */
1674 else if (SvTRUE(sv))
1675 amt.fallback=AMGfallYES;
1677 amt.fallback=AMGfallNEVER;
1679 for (i = 1; i < lim; i++)
1680 amt.table[i] = NULL;
1681 for (; i < NofAMmeth; i++) {
1682 const char * const cooky = PL_AMG_names[i];
1683 /* Human-readable form, for debugging: */
1684 const char * const cp = (i >= DESTROY_amg ? cooky : AMG_id2name(i));
1685 const STRLEN l = PL_AMG_namelens[i];
1687 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Checking overloading of \"%s\" in package \"%.256s\"\n",
1688 cp, HvNAME_get(stash)) );
1689 /* don't fill the cache while looking up!
1690 Creation of inheritance stubs in intermediate packages may
1691 conflict with the logic of runtime method substitution.
1692 Indeed, for inheritance A -> B -> C, if C overloads "+0",
1693 then we could have created stubs for "(+0" in A and C too.
1694 But if B overloads "bool", we may want to use it for
1695 numifying instead of C's "+0". */
1696 if (i >= DESTROY_amg)
1697 gv = Perl_gv_fetchmeth_autoload(aTHX_ stash, cooky, l, 0);
1698 else /* Autoload taken care of below */
1699 gv = Perl_gv_fetchmeth(aTHX_ stash, cooky, l, -1);
1701 if (gv && (cv = GvCV(gv))) {
1703 if (GvNAMELEN(CvGV(cv)) == 3 && strEQ(GvNAME(CvGV(cv)), "nil")
1704 && strEQ(hvname = HvNAME_get(GvSTASH(CvGV(cv))), "overload")) {
1705 /* This is a hack to support autoloading..., while
1706 knowing *which* methods were declared as overloaded. */
1707 /* GvSV contains the name of the method. */
1709 SV *gvsv = GvSV(gv);
1711 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Resolving method \"%"SVf256\
1712 "\" for overloaded \"%s\" in package \"%.256s\"\n",
1713 (void*)GvSV(gv), cp, hvname) );
1714 if (!gvsv || !SvPOK(gvsv)
1715 || !(ngv = gv_fetchmethod_autoload(stash, SvPVX_const(gvsv),
1718 /* Can be an import stub (created by "can"). */
1719 const char * const name = (gvsv && SvPOK(gvsv)) ? SvPVX_const(gvsv) : "???";
1720 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s method \"%.256s\" overloading \"%s\" "\
1721 "in package \"%.256s\"",
1722 (GvCVGEN(gv) ? "Stub found while resolving"
1726 cv = GvCV(gv = ngv);
1728 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Overloading \"%s\" in package \"%.256s\" via \"%.256s::%.256s\"\n",
1729 cp, HvNAME_get(stash), HvNAME_get(GvSTASH(CvGV(cv))),
1730 GvNAME(CvGV(cv))) );
1732 if (i < DESTROY_amg)
1734 } else if (gv) { /* Autoloaded... */
1738 amt.table[i]=(CV*)SvREFCNT_inc_simple(cv);
1741 AMT_AMAGIC_on(&amt);
1743 AMT_OVERLOADED_on(&amt);
1744 sv_magic((SV*)stash, 0, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table,
1745 (char*)&amt, sizeof(AMT));
1749 /* Here we have no table: */
1751 AMT_AMAGIC_off(&amt);
1752 sv_magic((SV*)stash, 0, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table,
1753 (char*)&amt, sizeof(AMTS));
1759 Perl_gv_handler(pTHX_ HV *stash, I32 id)
1765 struct mro_meta* stash_meta;
1767 if (!stash || !HvNAME_get(stash))
1770 stash_meta = HvMROMETA(stash);
1771 newgen = PL_sub_generation + stash_meta->pkg_gen + stash_meta->cache_gen;
1773 mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1777 mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1780 amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr;
1781 if ( amtp->was_ok_am != PL_amagic_generation
1782 || amtp->was_ok_sub != newgen )
1784 if (AMT_AMAGIC(amtp)) {
1785 CV * const ret = amtp->table[id];
1786 if (ret && isGV(ret)) { /* Autoloading stab */
1787 /* Passing it through may have resulted in a warning
1788 "Inherited AUTOLOAD for a non-method deprecated", since
1789 our caller is going through a function call, not a method call.
1790 So return the CV for AUTOLOAD, setting $AUTOLOAD. */
1791 GV * const gv = gv_fetchmethod(stash, PL_AMG_names[id]);
1804 Perl_amagic_call(pTHX_ SV *left, SV *right, int method, int flags)
1809 CV **cvp=NULL, **ocvp=NULL;
1810 AMT *amtp=NULL, *oamtp=NULL;
1811 int off = 0, off1, lr = 0, notfound = 0;
1812 int postpr = 0, force_cpy = 0;
1813 int assign = AMGf_assign & flags;
1814 const int assignshift = assign ? 1 : 0;
1820 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_AMAGIC_CALL;
1822 if (!(AMGf_noleft & flags) && SvAMAGIC(left)
1823 && (stash = SvSTASH(SvRV(left)))
1824 && (mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table))
1825 && (ocvp = cvp = (AMT_AMAGIC((AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)
1826 ? (oamtp = amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)->table
1828 && ((cv = cvp[off=method+assignshift])
1829 || (assign && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER && /* fallback to
1835 cv = cvp[off=method])))) {
1836 lr = -1; /* Call method for left argument */
1838 if (cvp && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER && flags & AMGf_unary) {
1841 /* look for substituted methods */
1842 /* In all the covered cases we should be called with assign==0. */
1846 if ((cv = cvp[off=add_ass_amg])
1847 || ((cv = cvp[off = add_amg]) && (force_cpy = 0, postpr = 1))) {
1848 right = &PL_sv_yes; lr = -1; assign = 1;
1853 if ((cv = cvp[off = subtr_ass_amg])
1854 || ((cv = cvp[off = subtr_amg]) && (force_cpy = 0, postpr=1))) {
1855 right = &PL_sv_yes; lr = -1; assign = 1;
1859 (void)((cv = cvp[off=numer_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=string_amg]));
1862 (void)((cv = cvp[off=string_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=bool__amg]));
1865 (void)((cv = cvp[off=numer_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=bool__amg]));
1868 (void)((cv = cvp[off=bool__amg])
1869 || (cv = cvp[off=numer_amg])
1870 || (cv = cvp[off=string_amg]));
1876 * SV* ref causes confusion with the interpreter variable of
1879 SV* const tmpRef=SvRV(left);
1880 if (!SvROK(tmpRef) && SvTYPE(tmpRef) <= SVt_PVMG) {
1882 * Just to be extra cautious. Maybe in some
1883 * additional cases sv_setsv is safe, too.
1885 SV* const newref = newSVsv(tmpRef);
1886 SvOBJECT_on(newref);
1887 /* As a bit of a source compatibility hack, SvAMAGIC() and
1888 friends dereference an RV, to behave the same was as when
1889 overloading was stored on the reference, not the referant.
1890 Hence we can't use SvAMAGIC_on()
1892 SvFLAGS(newref) |= SVf_AMAGIC;
1893 SvSTASH_set(newref, (HV*)SvREFCNT_inc(SvSTASH(tmpRef)));
1899 if ((cvp[off1=lt_amg] || cvp[off1=ncmp_amg])
1900 && ((cv = cvp[off=neg_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=subtr_amg]))) {
1901 SV* const nullsv=sv_2mortal(newSViv(0));
1903 SV* const lessp = amagic_call(left,nullsv,
1904 lt_amg,AMGf_noright);
1905 logic = SvTRUE(lessp);
1907 SV* const lessp = amagic_call(left,nullsv,
1908 ncmp_amg,AMGf_noright);
1909 logic = (SvNV(lessp) < 0);
1912 if (off==subtr_amg) {
1923 if ((cv = cvp[off=subtr_amg])) {
1925 left = sv_2mortal(newSViv(0));
1930 case iter_amg: /* XXXX Eventually should do to_gv. */
1932 return NULL; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
1940 return left; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
1945 if (!cv) goto not_found;
1946 } else if (!(AMGf_noright & flags) && SvAMAGIC(right)
1947 && (stash = SvSTASH(SvRV(right)))
1948 && (mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table))
1949 && (cvp = (AMT_AMAGIC((AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)
1950 ? (amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)->table
1952 && (cv = cvp[off=method])) { /* Method for right
1955 } else if (((ocvp && oamtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER
1956 && (cvp=ocvp) && (lr = -1))
1957 || (cvp && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER && (lr=1)))
1958 && !(flags & AMGf_unary)) {
1959 /* We look for substitution for
1960 * comparison operations and
1962 if (method==concat_amg || method==concat_ass_amg
1963 || method==repeat_amg || method==repeat_ass_amg) {
1964 return NULL; /* Delegate operation to string conversion */
1974 postpr = 1; off=ncmp_amg; break;
1981 postpr = 1; off=scmp_amg; break;
1983 if (off != -1) cv = cvp[off];
1988 not_found: /* No method found, either report or croak */
2009 return left; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
2012 if (ocvp && (cv=ocvp[nomethod_amg])) { /* Call report method */
2013 notfound = 1; lr = -1;
2014 } else if (cvp && (cv=cvp[nomethod_amg])) {
2015 notfound = 1; lr = 1;
2016 } else if ((amtp && amtp->fallback >= AMGfallYES) && !DEBUG_o_TEST) {
2017 /* Skip generating the "no method found" message. */
2021 if (off==-1) off=method;
2022 msg = sv_2mortal(Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_
2023 "Operation \"%s\": no method found,%sargument %s%s%s%s",
2024 AMG_id2name(method + assignshift),
2025 (flags & AMGf_unary ? " " : "\n\tleft "),
2027 "in overloaded package ":
2028 "has no overloaded magic",
2030 HvNAME_get(SvSTASH(SvRV(left))):
2033 ",\n\tright argument in overloaded package ":
2036 : ",\n\tright argument has no overloaded magic"),
2038 HvNAME_get(SvSTASH(SvRV(right))):
2040 if (amtp && amtp->fallback >= AMGfallYES) {
2041 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "%s", SvPVX_const(msg)) );
2043 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%"SVf, SVfARG(msg));
2047 force_cpy = force_cpy || assign;
2052 DEBUG_o(Perl_deb(aTHX_
2053 "Overloaded operator \"%s\"%s%s%s:\n\tmethod%s found%s in package %s%s\n",
2055 method+assignshift==off? "" :
2057 method+assignshift==off? "" :
2058 AMG_id2name(method+assignshift),
2059 method+assignshift==off? "" : "\")",
2060 flags & AMGf_unary? "" :
2061 lr==1 ? " for right argument": " for left argument",
2062 flags & AMGf_unary? " for argument" : "",
2063 stash ? HvNAME_get(stash) : "null",
2064 fl? ",\n\tassignment variant used": "") );
2067 /* Since we use shallow copy during assignment, we need
2068 * to dublicate the contents, probably calling user-supplied
2069 * version of copy operator
2071 /* We need to copy in following cases:
2072 * a) Assignment form was called.
2073 * assignshift==1, assign==T, method + 1 == off
2074 * b) Increment or decrement, called directly.
2075 * assignshift==0, assign==0, method + 0 == off
2076 * c) Increment or decrement, translated to assignment add/subtr.
2077 * assignshift==0, assign==T,
2079 * d) Increment or decrement, translated to nomethod.
2080 * assignshift==0, assign==0,
2082 * e) Assignment form translated to nomethod.
2083 * assignshift==1, assign==T, method + 1 != off
2086 /* off is method, method+assignshift, or a result of opcode substitution.
2087 * In the latter case assignshift==0, so only notfound case is important.
2089 if (( (method + assignshift == off)
2090 && (assign || (method == inc_amg) || (method == dec_amg)))
2097 const bool oldcatch = CATCH_GET;
2100 Zero(&myop, 1, BINOP);
2101 myop.op_last = (OP *) &myop;
2102 myop.op_next = NULL;
2103 myop.op_flags = OPf_WANT_SCALAR | OPf_STACKED;
2105 PUSHSTACKi(PERLSI_OVERLOAD);
2108 PL_op = (OP *) &myop;
2109 if (PERLDB_SUB && PL_curstash != PL_debstash)
2110 PL_op->op_private |= OPpENTERSUB_DB;
2114 EXTEND(SP, notfound + 5);
2115 PUSHs(lr>0? right: left);
2116 PUSHs(lr>0? left: right);
2117 PUSHs( lr > 0 ? &PL_sv_yes : ( assign ? &PL_sv_undef : &PL_sv_no ));
2119 PUSHs(newSVpvn_flags(AMG_id2name(method + assignshift),
2120 AMG_id2namelen(method + assignshift), SVs_TEMP));
2125 if ((PL_op = Perl_pp_entersub(aTHX)))
2133 CATCH_SET(oldcatch);
2140 ans=SvIV(res)<=0; break;
2143 ans=SvIV(res)<0; break;
2146 ans=SvIV(res)>=0; break;
2149 ans=SvIV(res)>0; break;
2152 ans=SvIV(res)==0; break;
2155 ans=SvIV(res)!=0; break;
2158 SvSetSV(left,res); return left;
2160 ans=!SvTRUE(res); break;
2165 } else if (method==copy_amg) {
2167 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Copy method did not return a reference");
2169 return SvREFCNT_inc(SvRV(res));
2177 =for apidoc is_gv_magical_sv
2179 Returns C<TRUE> if given the name of a magical GV. Calls is_gv_magical.
2185 Perl_is_gv_magical_sv(pTHX_ SV *name, U32 flags)
2188 const char * const temp = SvPV_const(name, len);
2190 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_IS_GV_MAGICAL_SV;
2192 return is_gv_magical(temp, len, flags);
2196 =for apidoc is_gv_magical
2198 Returns C<TRUE> if given the name of a magical GV.
2200 Currently only useful internally when determining if a GV should be
2201 created even in rvalue contexts.
2203 C<flags> is not used at present but available for future extension to
2204 allow selecting particular classes of magical variable.
2206 Currently assumes that C<name> is NUL terminated (as well as len being valid).
2207 This assumption is met by all callers within the perl core, which all pass
2208 pointers returned by SvPV.
2213 Perl_is_gv_magical(pTHX_ const char *name, STRLEN len, U32 flags)
2215 PERL_UNUSED_CONTEXT;
2216 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(flags);
2218 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_IS_GV_MAGICAL;
2221 const char * const name1 = name + 1;
2224 if (len == 3 && name[1] == 'S' && name[2] == 'A')
2228 if (len == 8 && strEQ(name1, "VERLOAD"))
2232 if (len == 3 && name[1] == 'I' && name[2] == 'G')
2235 /* Using ${^...} variables is likely to be sufficiently rare that
2236 it seems sensible to avoid the space hit of also checking the
2238 case '\017': /* ${^OPEN} */
2239 if (strEQ(name1, "PEN"))
2242 case '\024': /* ${^TAINT} */
2243 if (strEQ(name1, "AINT"))
2246 case '\025': /* ${^UNICODE} */
2247 if (strEQ(name1, "NICODE"))
2249 if (strEQ(name1, "TF8LOCALE"))
2252 case '\027': /* ${^WARNING_BITS} */
2253 if (strEQ(name1, "ARNING_BITS"))
2266 const char *end = name + len;
2267 while (--end > name) {
2275 /* Because we're already assuming that name is NUL terminated
2276 below, we can treat an empty name as "\0" */
2303 case '\001': /* $^A */
2304 case '\003': /* $^C */
2305 case '\004': /* $^D */
2306 case '\005': /* $^E */
2307 case '\006': /* $^F */
2308 case '\010': /* $^H */
2309 case '\011': /* $^I, NOT \t in EBCDIC */
2310 case '\014': /* $^L */
2311 case '\016': /* $^N */
2312 case '\017': /* $^O */
2313 case '\020': /* $^P */
2314 case '\023': /* $^S */
2315 case '\024': /* $^T */
2316 case '\026': /* $^V */
2317 case '\027': /* $^W */
2337 Perl_gv_name_set(pTHX_ GV *gv, const char *name, U32 len, U32 flags)
2342 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_NAME_SET;
2343 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(flags);
2346 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: gv name too long (%"UVuf")", (UV) len);
2348 if (!(flags & GV_ADD) && GvNAME_HEK(gv)) {
2349 unshare_hek(GvNAME_HEK(gv));
2352 PERL_HASH(hash, name, len);
2353 GvNAME_HEK(gv) = share_hek(name, len, hash);
2358 * c-indentation-style: bsd
2360 * indent-tabs-mode: t
2363 * ex: set ts=8 sts=4 sw=4 noet: