3 * Copyright (C) 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
4 * 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, by Larry Wall and others
6 * You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
7 * License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
12 * 'Mercy!' cried Gandalf. 'If the giving of information is to be the cure
13 * of your inquisitiveness, I shall spend all the rest of my days answering
14 * you. What more do you want to know?'
15 * 'The names of all the stars, and of all living things, and the whole
16 * history of Middle-earth and Over-heaven and of the Sundering Seas,'
23 A GV is a structure which corresponds to to a Perl typeglob, ie *foo.
24 It is a structure that holds a pointer to a scalar, an array, a hash etc,
25 corresponding to $foo, @foo, %foo.
27 GVs are usually found as values in stashes (symbol table hashes) where
28 Perl stores its global variables.
37 static const char S_autoload[] = "AUTOLOAD";
38 static const STRLEN S_autolen = sizeof(S_autoload)-1;
41 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
43 Perl_gv_SVadd(pTHX_ GV *gv)
45 if (!gv || SvTYPE((SV*)gv) != SVt_PVGV)
46 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for scalar");
54 Perl_gv_AVadd(pTHX_ register GV *gv)
56 if (!gv || SvTYPE((SV*)gv) != SVt_PVGV)
57 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for array");
64 Perl_gv_HVadd(pTHX_ register GV *gv)
66 if (!gv || SvTYPE((SV*)gv) != SVt_PVGV)
67 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for hash");
74 Perl_gv_IOadd(pTHX_ register GV *gv)
77 if (!gv || SvTYPE((SV*)gv) != SVt_PVGV) {
80 * if it walks like a dirhandle, then let's assume that
81 * this is a dirhandle.
83 const char * const fh =
84 PL_op->op_type == OP_READDIR ||
85 PL_op->op_type == OP_TELLDIR ||
86 PL_op->op_type == OP_SEEKDIR ||
87 PL_op->op_type == OP_REWINDDIR ||
88 PL_op->op_type == OP_CLOSEDIR ?
89 "dirhandle" : "filehandle";
90 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for %s", fh);
94 #ifdef GV_UNIQUE_CHECK
96 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for filehandle (GV is unique)");
105 Perl_gv_fetchfile(pTHX_ const char *name)
107 return gv_fetchfile_flags(name, strlen(name), 0);
111 Perl_gv_fetchfile_flags(pTHX_ const char *const name, const STRLEN namelen,
117 const STRLEN tmplen = namelen + 2;
120 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(flags);
125 if (tmplen <= sizeof smallbuf)
128 Newx(tmpbuf, tmplen, char);
129 /* This is where the debugger's %{"::_<$filename"} hash is created */
132 memcpy(tmpbuf + 2, name, namelen);
133 gv = *(GV**)hv_fetch(PL_defstash, tmpbuf, tmplen, TRUE);
135 gv_init(gv, PL_defstash, tmpbuf, tmplen, FALSE);
136 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
137 GvSV(gv) = newSVpvn(name, namelen);
139 sv_setpvn(GvSV(gv), name, namelen);
142 hv_magic(GvHVn(gv_AVadd(gv)), NULL, PERL_MAGIC_dbfile);
144 if (tmpbuf != smallbuf)
150 =for apidoc gv_const_sv
152 If C<gv> is a typeglob whose subroutine entry is a constant sub eligible for
153 inlining, or C<gv> is a placeholder reference that would be promoted to such
154 a typeglob, then returns the value returned by the sub. Otherwise, returns
161 Perl_gv_const_sv(pTHX_ GV *gv)
163 if (SvTYPE(gv) == SVt_PVGV)
164 return cv_const_sv(GvCVu(gv));
165 return SvROK(gv) ? SvRV(gv) : NULL;
169 Perl_newGP(pTHX_ GV *const gv)
172 const char *const file
173 = (PL_curcop && CopFILE(PL_curcop)) ? CopFILE(PL_curcop) : "";
174 STRLEN len = strlen(file);
177 PERL_HASH(hash, file, len);
181 #ifndef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
182 gp->gp_sv = newSV(0);
185 gp->gp_line = PL_curcop ? CopLINE(PL_curcop) : 0;
186 /* XXX Ideally this cast would be replaced with a change to const char*
188 gp->gp_file_hek = share_hek(file, len, hash);
196 Perl_gv_init(pTHX_ GV *gv, HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, int multi)
199 const U32 old_type = SvTYPE(gv);
200 const bool doproto = old_type > SVt_NULL;
201 const char * const proto = (doproto && SvPOK(gv)) ? SvPVX_const(gv) : NULL;
202 SV *const has_constant = doproto && SvROK(gv) ? SvRV(gv) : NULL;
203 const U32 exported_constant = has_constant ? SvPCS_IMPORTED(gv) : 0;
205 assert (!(proto && has_constant));
208 /* The constant has to be a simple scalar type. */
209 switch (SvTYPE(has_constant)) {
215 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Cannot convert a reference to %s to typeglob",
216 sv_reftype(has_constant, 0));
224 if (old_type < SVt_PVGV) {
225 if (old_type >= SVt_PV)
227 sv_upgrade((SV*)gv, SVt_PVGV);
235 Safefree(SvPVX_mutable(gv));
240 GvGP(gv) = Perl_newGP(aTHX_ gv);
243 Perl_sv_add_backref(aTHX_ (SV*)stash, (SV*)gv);
244 gv_name_set(gv, name, len, GV_ADD);
245 if (multi || doproto) /* doproto means it _was_ mentioned */
247 if (doproto) { /* Replicate part of newSUB here. */
250 /* newCONSTSUB takes ownership of the reference from us. */
251 GvCV(gv) = newCONSTSUB(stash, name, has_constant);
252 /* If this reference was a copy of another, then the subroutine
253 must have been "imported", by a Perl space assignment to a GV
254 from a reference to CV. */
255 if (exported_constant)
256 GvIMPORTED_CV_on(gv);
258 (void) start_subparse(0,0); /* Create empty CV in compcv. */
259 GvCV(gv) = PL_compcv;
265 CvFILE_set_from_cop(GvCV(gv), PL_curcop);
266 CvSTASH(GvCV(gv)) = PL_curstash;
268 sv_setpv((SV*)GvCV(gv), proto);
275 S_gv_init_sv(pTHX_ GV *gv, I32 sv_type)
287 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
300 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth
302 Returns the glob with the given C<name> and a defined subroutine or
303 C<NULL>. The glob lives in the given C<stash>, or in the stashes
304 accessible via @ISA and UNIVERSAL::.
306 The argument C<level> should be either 0 or -1. If C<level==0>, as a
307 side-effect creates a glob with the given C<name> in the given C<stash>
308 which in the case of success contains an alias for the subroutine, and sets
309 up caching info for this glob. Similarly for all the searched stashes.
311 This function grants C<"SUPER"> token as a postfix of the stash name. The
312 GV returned from C<gv_fetchmeth> may be a method cache entry, which is not
313 visible to Perl code. So when calling C<call_sv>, you should not use
314 the GV directly; instead, you should use the method's CV, which can be
315 obtained from the GV with the C<GvCV> macro.
321 Perl_gv_fetchmeth(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, I32 level)
330 HV* lastchance = NULL;
332 /* UNIVERSAL methods should be callable without a stash */
334 level = -1; /* probably appropriate */
335 if(!(stash = gv_stashpvs("UNIVERSAL", 0)))
339 hvname = HvNAME_get(stash);
342 "Can't use anonymous symbol table for method lookup");
344 if ((level > 100) || (level < -100))
345 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Recursive inheritance detected while looking for method '%s' in package '%s'",
348 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Looking for method %s in package %s\n",name,hvname) );
350 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash, name, len, (level >= 0));
355 if (SvTYPE(topgv) != SVt_PVGV)
356 gv_init(topgv, stash, name, len, TRUE);
357 if ((cv = GvCV(topgv))) {
358 /* If genuine method or valid cache entry, use it */
359 if (!GvCVGEN(topgv) || GvCVGEN(topgv) == PL_sub_generation)
361 /* Stale cached entry: junk it */
363 GvCV(topgv) = cv = NULL;
366 else if (GvCVGEN(topgv) == PL_sub_generation)
367 return 0; /* cache indicates sub doesn't exist */
370 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetchs(stash, "ISA", FALSE);
371 av = (gvp && (gv = *gvp) && gv != (GV*)&PL_sv_undef) ? GvAV(gv) : NULL;
373 /* create and re-create @.*::SUPER::ISA on demand */
374 if (!av || !SvMAGIC(av)) {
375 STRLEN packlen = HvNAMELEN_get(stash);
377 if (packlen >= 7 && strEQ(hvname + packlen - 7, "::SUPER")) {
381 basestash = gv_stashpvn(hvname, packlen, GV_ADD);
382 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetchs(basestash, "ISA", FALSE);
383 if (gvp && (gv = *gvp) != (GV*)&PL_sv_undef && (av = GvAV(gv))) {
384 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetchs(stash, "ISA", TRUE);
385 if (!gvp || !(gv = *gvp))
386 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Cannot create %s::ISA", hvname);
387 if (SvTYPE(gv) != SVt_PVGV)
388 gv_init(gv, stash, "ISA", 3, TRUE);
389 SvREFCNT_dec(GvAV(gv));
390 GvAV(gv) = (AV*)SvREFCNT_inc_simple(av);
396 SV** svp = AvARRAY(av);
397 /* NOTE: No support for tied ISA */
398 I32 items = AvFILLp(av) + 1;
400 SV* const sv = *svp++;
401 HV* const basestash = gv_stashsv(sv, 0);
403 if (ckWARN(WARN_MISC))
404 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_MISC), "Can't locate package %"SVf" for @%s::ISA",
408 gv = gv_fetchmeth(basestash, name, len,
409 (level >= 0) ? level + 1 : level - 1);
415 /* if at top level, try UNIVERSAL */
417 if (level == 0 || level == -1) {
418 lastchance = gv_stashpvs("UNIVERSAL", 0);
421 if ((gv = gv_fetchmeth(lastchance, name, len,
422 (level >= 0) ? level + 1 : level - 1)))
426 * Cache method in topgv if:
427 * 1. topgv has no synonyms (else inheritance crosses wires)
428 * 2. method isn't a stub (else AUTOLOAD fails spectacularly)
431 GvREFCNT(topgv) == 1 &&
433 (CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv)))
435 if ((cv = GvCV(topgv)))
437 GvCV(topgv) = (CV*)SvREFCNT_inc(GvCV(gv));
438 GvCVGEN(topgv) = PL_sub_generation;
442 else if (topgv && GvREFCNT(topgv) == 1) {
443 /* cache the fact that the method is not defined */
444 GvCVGEN(topgv) = PL_sub_generation;
453 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth_autoload
455 Same as gv_fetchmeth(), but looks for autoloaded subroutines too.
456 Returns a glob for the subroutine.
458 For an autoloaded subroutine without a GV, will create a GV even
459 if C<level < 0>. For an autoloaded subroutine without a stub, GvCV()
460 of the result may be zero.
466 Perl_gv_fetchmeth_autoload(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, I32 level)
468 GV *gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, name, len, level);
475 return NULL; /* UNIVERSAL::AUTOLOAD could cause trouble */
476 if (len == S_autolen && strnEQ(name, S_autoload, S_autolen))
478 if (!(gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, S_autoload, S_autolen, FALSE)))
481 if (!(CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv)))
483 /* Have an autoload */
484 if (level < 0) /* Cannot do without a stub */
485 gv_fetchmeth(stash, name, len, 0);
486 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash, name, len, (level >= 0));
495 =for apidoc gv_fetchmethod_autoload
497 Returns the glob which contains the subroutine to call to invoke the method
498 on the C<stash>. In fact in the presence of autoloading this may be the
499 glob for "AUTOLOAD". In this case the corresponding variable $AUTOLOAD is
502 The third parameter of C<gv_fetchmethod_autoload> determines whether
503 AUTOLOAD lookup is performed if the given method is not present: non-zero
504 means yes, look for AUTOLOAD; zero means no, don't look for AUTOLOAD.
505 Calling C<gv_fetchmethod> is equivalent to calling C<gv_fetchmethod_autoload>
506 with a non-zero C<autoload> parameter.
508 These functions grant C<"SUPER"> token as a prefix of the method name. Note
509 that if you want to keep the returned glob for a long time, you need to
510 check for it being "AUTOLOAD", since at the later time the call may load a
511 different subroutine due to $AUTOLOAD changing its value. Use the glob
512 created via a side effect to do this.
514 These functions have the same side-effects and as C<gv_fetchmeth> with
515 C<level==0>. C<name> should be writable if contains C<':'> or C<'
516 ''>. The warning against passing the GV returned by C<gv_fetchmeth> to
517 C<call_sv> apply equally to these functions.
523 Perl_gv_fetchmethod_autoload(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, I32 autoload)
526 register const char *nend;
527 const char *nsplit = NULL;
531 if (stash && SvTYPE(stash) < SVt_PVHV)
534 for (nend = name; *nend; nend++) {
537 else if (*nend == ':' && *(nend + 1) == ':')
541 const char * const origname = name;
545 if ((nsplit - origname) == 5 && strnEQ(origname, "SUPER", 5)) {
546 /* ->SUPER::method should really be looked up in original stash */
547 SV * const tmpstr = sv_2mortal(Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_ "%s::SUPER",
548 CopSTASHPV(PL_curcop)));
549 /* __PACKAGE__::SUPER stash should be autovivified */
550 stash = gv_stashpvn(SvPVX_const(tmpstr), SvCUR(tmpstr), GV_ADD);
551 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Treating %s as %s::%s\n",
552 origname, HvNAME_get(stash), name) );
555 /* don't autovifify if ->NoSuchStash::method */
556 stash = gv_stashpvn(origname, nsplit - origname, 0);
558 /* however, explicit calls to Pkg::SUPER::method may
559 happen, and may require autovivification to work */
560 if (!stash && (nsplit - origname) >= 7 &&
561 strnEQ(nsplit - 7, "::SUPER", 7) &&
562 gv_stashpvn(origname, nsplit - origname - 7, 0))
563 stash = gv_stashpvn(origname, nsplit - origname, GV_ADD);
568 gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, name, nend - name, 0);
570 if (strEQ(name,"import") || strEQ(name,"unimport"))
571 gv = (GV*)&PL_sv_yes;
573 gv = gv_autoload4(ostash, name, nend - name, TRUE);
576 CV* const cv = GvCV(gv);
577 if (!CvROOT(cv) && !CvXSUB(cv)) {
585 if (GvCV(stubgv) != cv) /* orphaned import */
588 autogv = gv_autoload4(GvSTASH(stubgv),
589 GvNAME(stubgv), GvNAMELEN(stubgv), TRUE);
599 Perl_gv_autoload4(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, I32 method)
607 const char *packname = "";
608 STRLEN packname_len = 0;
610 if (len == S_autolen && strnEQ(name, S_autoload, S_autolen))
613 if (SvTYPE(stash) < SVt_PVHV) {
614 packname = SvPV_const((SV*)stash, packname_len);
618 packname = HvNAME_get(stash);
619 packname_len = HvNAMELEN_get(stash);
622 if (!(gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, S_autoload, S_autolen, FALSE)))
626 if (!(CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv)))
630 * Inheriting AUTOLOAD for non-methods works ... for now.
632 if (!method && (GvCVGEN(gv) || GvSTASH(gv) != stash)
633 && ckWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX)
635 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX),
636 "Use of inherited AUTOLOAD for non-method %s::%.*s() is deprecated",
637 packname, (int)len, name);
640 /* rather than lookup/init $AUTOLOAD here
641 * only to have the XSUB do another lookup for $AUTOLOAD
642 * and split that value on the last '::',
643 * pass along the same data via some unused fields in the CV
646 SvPV_set(cv, (char *)name); /* cast to lose constness warning */
652 * Given &FOO::AUTOLOAD, set $FOO::AUTOLOAD to desired function name.
653 * The subroutine's original name may not be "AUTOLOAD", so we don't
654 * use that, but for lack of anything better we will use the sub's
655 * original package to look up $AUTOLOAD.
657 varstash = GvSTASH(CvGV(cv));
658 vargv = *(GV**)hv_fetch(varstash, S_autoload, S_autolen, TRUE);
662 gv_init(vargv, varstash, S_autoload, S_autolen, FALSE);
663 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
664 GvSV(vargv) = newSV(0);
668 varsv = GvSVn(vargv);
669 sv_setpvn(varsv, packname, packname_len);
670 sv_catpvs(varsv, "::");
671 sv_catpvn(varsv, name, len);
676 /* require_tie_mod() internal routine for requiring a module
677 * that implements the logic of automatical ties like %! and %-
679 * The "gv" parameter should be the glob.
680 * "varpv" holds the name of the var, used for error messages
681 * "namesv" holds the module name
682 * "methpv" holds the method name to test for to check that things
683 * are working reasonably close to as expected
684 * "flags" if flag & 1 then save the scalar before loading.
685 * For the protection of $! to work (it is set by this routine)
686 * the sv slot must already be magicalized.
689 S_require_tie_mod(pTHX_ GV *gv, const char *varpv, SV* namesv, const char *methpv,const U32 flags)
692 HV* stash = gv_stashsv(namesv, 0);
694 if (!stash || !(gv_fetchmethod(stash, methpv))) {
695 SV *module = newSVsv(namesv);
701 Perl_load_module(aTHX_ PERL_LOADMOD_NOIMPORT, module, NULL);
704 stash = gv_stashsv(namesv, 0);
706 Perl_croak( aTHX_ "panic: Can't use %%%s because %"SVf" is not available",
707 varpv, SVfARG(module));
708 else if (!gv_fetchmethod(stash, methpv))
709 Perl_croak( aTHX_ "panic: Can't use %%%s because %"SVf" does not support method %s",
710 varpv, SVfARG(module), methpv);
716 =for apidoc gv_stashpv
718 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package. Uses C<strlen> to
719 determine the length of C<name>, then calls C<gv_stashpvn()>.
725 Perl_gv_stashpv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
727 return gv_stashpvn(name, strlen(name), create);
731 =for apidoc gv_stashpvn
733 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package. The C<namelen>
734 parameter indicates the length of the C<name>, in bytes. C<flags> is passed
735 to C<gv_fetchpvn_flags()>, so if set to C<GV_ADD> then the package will be
736 created if it does not already exist. If the package does not exist and
737 C<flags> is 0 (or any other setting that does not create packages) then NULL
745 Perl_gv_stashpvn(pTHX_ const char *name, U32 namelen, I32 flags)
752 if (namelen + 2 <= sizeof smallbuf)
755 Newx(tmpbuf, namelen + 2, char);
756 Copy(name,tmpbuf,namelen,char);
757 tmpbuf[namelen++] = ':';
758 tmpbuf[namelen++] = ':';
759 tmpgv = gv_fetchpvn_flags(tmpbuf, namelen, flags, SVt_PVHV);
760 if (tmpbuf != smallbuf)
765 GvHV(tmpgv) = newHV();
767 if (!HvNAME_get(stash))
768 hv_name_set(stash, name, namelen, 0);
773 =for apidoc gv_stashsv
775 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package. See C<gv_stashpvn>.
781 Perl_gv_stashsv(pTHX_ SV *sv, I32 flags)
784 const char * const ptr = SvPV_const(sv,len);
785 return gv_stashpvn(ptr, len, flags);
790 Perl_gv_fetchpv(pTHX_ const char *nambeg, I32 add, I32 sv_type) {
791 return gv_fetchpvn_flags(nambeg, strlen(nambeg), add, sv_type);
795 Perl_gv_fetchsv(pTHX_ SV *name, I32 flags, I32 sv_type) {
797 const char * const nambeg = SvPV_const(name, len);
798 return gv_fetchpvn_flags(nambeg, len, flags | SvUTF8(name), sv_type);
802 Perl_gv_fetchpvn_flags(pTHX_ const char *nambeg, STRLEN full_len, I32 flags,
806 register const char *name = nambeg;
807 register GV *gv = NULL;
810 register const char *name_cursor;
812 const I32 no_init = flags & (GV_NOADD_NOINIT | GV_NOINIT);
813 const I32 no_expand = flags & GV_NOEXPAND;
814 const I32 add = flags & ~GV_NOADD_MASK;
815 const char *const name_end = nambeg + full_len;
816 const char *const name_em1 = name_end - 1;
818 if (flags & GV_NOTQUAL) {
819 /* Caller promised that there is no stash, so we can skip the check. */
824 if (full_len > 2 && *name == '*' && isALPHA(name[1])) {
825 /* accidental stringify on a GV? */
829 for (name_cursor = name; name_cursor < name_end; name_cursor++) {
830 if ((*name_cursor == ':' && name_cursor < name_em1
831 && name_cursor[1] == ':')
832 || (*name_cursor == '\'' && name_cursor[1]))
836 if (!stash || !SvREFCNT(stash)) /* symbol table under destruction */
839 len = name_cursor - name;
844 if (len + 2 <= (I32)sizeof (smallbuf))
847 Newx(tmpbuf, len+2, char);
848 Copy(name, tmpbuf, len, char);
851 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash,tmpbuf,len,add);
852 gv = gvp ? *gvp : NULL;
853 if (gv && gv != (GV*)&PL_sv_undef) {
854 if (SvTYPE(gv) != SVt_PVGV)
855 gv_init(gv, stash, tmpbuf, len, (add & GV_ADDMULTI));
859 if (tmpbuf != smallbuf)
861 if (!gv || gv == (GV*)&PL_sv_undef)
864 if (!(stash = GvHV(gv)))
865 stash = GvHV(gv) = newHV();
867 if (!HvNAME_get(stash))
868 hv_name_set(stash, nambeg, name_cursor - nambeg, 0);
871 if (*name_cursor == ':')
875 if (name == name_end)
876 return gv ? gv : (GV*)*hv_fetchs(PL_defstash, "main::", TRUE);
879 len = name_cursor - name;
881 /* No stash in name, so see how we can default */
885 if (len && isIDFIRST_lazy(name)) {
894 if ((name[0] == 'I' && name[1] == 'N' && name[2] == 'C')
895 || (name[0] == 'E' && name[1] == 'N' && name[2] == 'V')
896 || (name[0] == 'S' && name[1] == 'I' && name[2] == 'G'))
900 if (name[0] == 'A' && name[1] == 'R' && name[2] == 'G'
905 if (name[0] == 'S' && name[1] == 'T' && name[2] == 'D'
906 && name[3] == 'I' && name[4] == 'N')
910 if ((name[0] == 'S' && name[1] == 'T' && name[2] == 'D')
911 &&((name[3] == 'O' && name[4] == 'U' && name[5] == 'T')
912 ||(name[3] == 'E' && name[4] == 'R' && name[5] == 'R')))
916 if (name[0] == 'A' && name[1] == 'R' && name[2] == 'G'
917 && name[3] == 'V' && name[4] == 'O' && name[5] == 'U'
925 else if (IN_PERL_COMPILETIME) {
927 if (add && (PL_hints & HINT_STRICT_VARS) &&
928 sv_type != SVt_PVCV &&
929 sv_type != SVt_PVGV &&
930 sv_type != SVt_PVFM &&
931 sv_type != SVt_PVIO &&
932 !(len == 1 && sv_type == SVt_PV &&
933 (*name == 'a' || *name == 'b')) )
935 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash,name,len,0);
937 *gvp == (GV*)&PL_sv_undef ||
938 SvTYPE(*gvp) != SVt_PVGV)
942 else if ((sv_type == SVt_PV && !GvIMPORTED_SV(*gvp)) ||
943 (sv_type == SVt_PVAV && !GvIMPORTED_AV(*gvp)) ||
944 (sv_type == SVt_PVHV && !GvIMPORTED_HV(*gvp)) )
946 Perl_warn(aTHX_ "Variable \"%c%s\" is not imported",
947 sv_type == SVt_PVAV ? '@' :
948 sv_type == SVt_PVHV ? '%' : '$',
951 Perl_warn(aTHX_ "\t(Did you mean &%s instead?)\n", name);
957 stash = CopSTASH(PL_curcop);
963 /* By this point we should have a stash and a name */
967 SV * const err = Perl_mess(aTHX_
968 "Global symbol \"%s%s\" requires explicit package name",
969 (sv_type == SVt_PV ? "$"
970 : sv_type == SVt_PVAV ? "@"
971 : sv_type == SVt_PVHV ? "%"
974 if (USE_UTF8_IN_NAMES)
977 gv = gv_fetchpvn_flags("<none>::", 8, GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV);
979 /* symbol table under destruction */
988 if (!SvREFCNT(stash)) /* symbol table under destruction */
991 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash,name,len,add);
992 if (!gvp || *gvp == (GV*)&PL_sv_undef)
995 if (SvTYPE(gv) == SVt_PVGV) {
998 gv_init_sv(gv, sv_type);
999 if (sv_type == SVt_PVHV && len == 1 ) {
1001 require_tie_mod(gv, "!", newSVpvs("Errno"), "TIEHASH", 1);
1003 if (*name == '-' || *name == '+')
1004 require_tie_mod(gv, name, newSVpvs("re::Tie::Hash::NamedCapture"), "FETCH", 0);
1009 } else if (no_init) {
1011 } else if (no_expand && SvROK(gv)) {
1015 /* Adding a new symbol */
1017 if (add & GV_ADDWARN && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL))
1018 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL), "Had to create %s unexpectedly", nambeg);
1019 gv_init(gv, stash, name, len, add & GV_ADDMULTI);
1020 gv_init_sv(gv, sv_type);
1022 if (isALPHA(name[0]) && ! (isLEXWARN_on ? ckWARN(WARN_ONCE)
1023 : (PL_dowarn & G_WARN_ON ) ) )
1026 /* set up magic where warranted */
1031 /* Nothing else to do.
1032 The compiler will probably turn the switch statement into a
1033 branch table. Make sure we avoid even that small overhead for
1034 the common case of lower case variable names. */
1038 const char * const name2 = name + 1;
1041 if (strEQ(name2, "RGV")) {
1042 IoFLAGS(GvIOn(gv)) |= IOf_ARGV|IOf_START;
1044 else if (strEQ(name2, "RGVOUT")) {
1049 if (strnEQ(name2, "XPORT", 5))
1053 if (strEQ(name2, "SA")) {
1054 AV* const av = GvAVn(gv);
1056 sv_magic((SV*)av, (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_isa, NULL, 0);
1057 /* NOTE: No support for tied ISA */
1058 if ((add & GV_ADDMULTI) && strEQ(nambeg,"AnyDBM_File::ISA")
1059 && AvFILLp(av) == -1)
1062 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "NDBM_File",9));
1063 gv_stashpvn(pname, 9, GV_ADD);
1064 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "DB_File",7));
1065 gv_stashpvn(pname, 7, GV_ADD);
1066 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "GDBM_File",9));
1067 gv_stashpvn(pname, 9, GV_ADD);
1068 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "SDBM_File",9));
1069 gv_stashpvn(pname, 9, GV_ADD);
1070 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "ODBM_File",9));
1071 gv_stashpvn(pname, 9, GV_ADD);
1076 if (strEQ(name2, "VERLOAD")) {
1077 HV* const hv = GvHVn(gv);
1079 hv_magic(hv, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_overload);
1083 if (strEQ(name2, "IG")) {
1087 Newxz(PL_psig_ptr, SIG_SIZE, SV*);
1088 Newxz(PL_psig_name, SIG_SIZE, SV*);
1089 Newxz(PL_psig_pend, SIG_SIZE, int);
1093 hv_magic(hv, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_sig);
1094 for (i = 1; i < SIG_SIZE; i++) {
1095 SV * const * const init = hv_fetch(hv, PL_sig_name[i], strlen(PL_sig_name[i]), 1);
1097 sv_setsv(*init, &PL_sv_undef);
1099 PL_psig_name[i] = 0;
1100 PL_psig_pend[i] = 0;
1105 if (strEQ(name2, "ERSION"))
1108 case '\003': /* $^CHILD_ERROR_NATIVE */
1109 if (strEQ(name2, "HILD_ERROR_NATIVE"))
1112 case '\005': /* $^ENCODING */
1113 if (strEQ(name2, "NCODING"))
1116 case '\015': /* $^MATCH */
1117 if (strEQ(name2, "ATCH"))
1119 case '\017': /* $^OPEN */
1120 if (strEQ(name2, "PEN"))
1123 case '\020': /* $^PREMATCH $^POSTMATCH */
1124 if (strEQ(name2, "REMATCH") || strEQ(name2, "OSTMATCH"))
1126 case '\024': /* ${^TAINT} */
1127 if (strEQ(name2, "AINT"))
1130 case '\025': /* ${^UNICODE}, ${^UTF8LOCALE} */
1131 if (strEQ(name2, "NICODE"))
1133 if (strEQ(name2, "TF8LOCALE"))
1135 if (strEQ(name2, "TF8CACHE"))
1138 case '\027': /* $^WARNING_BITS */
1139 if (strEQ(name2, "ARNING_BITS"))
1152 /* ensures variable is only digits */
1153 /* ${"1foo"} fails this test (and is thus writeable) */
1154 /* added by japhy, but borrowed from is_gv_magical */
1155 const char *end = name + len;
1156 while (--end > name) {
1157 if (!isDIGIT(*end)) return gv;
1164 /* Names of length 1. (Or 0. But name is NUL terminated, so that will
1165 be case '\0' in this switch statement (ie a default case) */
1171 sv_type == SVt_PVAV ||
1172 sv_type == SVt_PVHV ||
1173 sv_type == SVt_PVCV ||
1174 sv_type == SVt_PVFM ||
1177 PL_sawampersand = TRUE;
1181 sv_setpv(GvSVn(gv),PL_chopset);
1185 #ifdef COMPLEX_STATUS
1186 SvUPGRADE(GvSVn(gv), SVt_PVLV);
1192 /* If %! has been used, automatically load Errno.pm. */
1194 sv_magic(GvSVn(gv), (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, len);
1196 /* magicalization must be done before require_tie_mod is called */
1197 if (sv_type == SVt_PVHV)
1198 require_tie_mod(gv, "!", newSVpvs("Errno"), "TIEHASH", 1);
1203 GvMULTI_on(gv); /* no used once warnings here */
1205 bool plus = (*name == '+');
1206 SV *stashname = newSVpvs("re::Tie::Hash::NamedCapture");
1207 AV* const av = GvAVn(gv);
1208 HV *const hv = GvHVn(gv);
1209 HV *const hv_tie = newHV();
1210 SV *tie = newRV_noinc((SV*)hv_tie);
1212 sv_bless(tie, gv_stashsv(stashname,GV_ADD));
1213 hv_magic(hv, (GV*)tie, PERL_MAGIC_tied);
1214 sv_magic((SV*)av, (plus ? (SV*)av : NULL), PERL_MAGIC_regdata, NULL, 0);
1215 sv_magic(GvSVn(gv), (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, len);
1218 SvREADONLY_on(GvSVn(gv));
1220 Perl_hv_store(aTHX_ hv_tie, STR_WITH_LEN("all"), newSViv(1), 0);
1226 if (sv_type == SVt_PVHV)
1227 require_tie_mod(gv, name, stashname, "FETCH", 0);
1233 if (sv_type == SVt_PV && ckWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX))
1234 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX),
1235 "$%c is no longer supported", *name);
1238 sv_setiv(GvSVn(gv), (IV)(IoFLAGS(GvIOp(PL_defoutgv)) & IOf_FLUSH) != 0);
1241 case '\010': /* $^H */
1243 HV *const hv = GvHVn(gv);
1244 hv_magic(hv, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_hints);
1247 case '\023': /* $^S */
1258 SvREADONLY_on(GvSVn(gv));
1273 case '\001': /* $^A */
1274 case '\003': /* $^C */
1275 case '\004': /* $^D */
1276 case '\005': /* $^E */
1277 case '\006': /* $^F */
1278 case '\011': /* $^I, NOT \t in EBCDIC */
1279 case '\016': /* $^N */
1280 case '\017': /* $^O */
1281 case '\020': /* $^P */
1282 case '\024': /* $^T */
1283 case '\027': /* $^W */
1285 sv_magic(GvSVn(gv), (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, len);
1288 case '\014': /* $^L */
1289 sv_setpvn(GvSVn(gv),"\f",1);
1290 PL_formfeed = GvSVn(gv);
1293 sv_setpvn(GvSVn(gv),"\034",1);
1297 SV * const sv = GvSVn(gv);
1298 if (!sv_derived_from(PL_patchlevel, "version"))
1299 upg_version(PL_patchlevel);
1300 GvSV(gv) = vnumify(PL_patchlevel);
1301 SvREADONLY_on(GvSV(gv));
1305 case '\026': /* $^V */
1307 SV * const sv = GvSVn(gv);
1308 GvSV(gv) = new_version(PL_patchlevel);
1309 SvREADONLY_on(GvSV(gv));
1319 Perl_gv_fullname4(pTHX_ SV *sv, const GV *gv, const char *prefix, bool keepmain)
1323 const HV * const hv = GvSTASH(gv);
1328 sv_setpv(sv, prefix ? prefix : "");
1330 name = HvNAME_get(hv);
1332 namelen = HvNAMELEN_get(hv);
1338 if (keepmain || strNE(name, "main")) {
1339 sv_catpvn(sv,name,namelen);
1342 sv_catpvn(sv,GvNAME(gv),GvNAMELEN(gv));
1346 Perl_gv_efullname4(pTHX_ SV *sv, const GV *gv, const char *prefix, bool keepmain)
1348 const GV * const egv = GvEGV(gv);
1349 gv_fullname4(sv, egv ? egv : gv, prefix, keepmain);
1357 IO * const io = (IO*)newSV_type(SVt_PVIO);
1358 /* This used to read SvREFCNT(io) = 1;
1359 It's not clear why the reference count needed an explicit reset. NWC
1361 assert (SvREFCNT(io) == 1);
1363 /* Clear the stashcache because a new IO could overrule a package name */
1364 hv_clear(PL_stashcache);
1365 iogv = gv_fetchpvs("FileHandle::", 0, SVt_PVHV);
1366 /* unless exists($main::{FileHandle}) and defined(%main::FileHandle::) */
1367 if (!(iogv && GvHV(iogv) && HvARRAY(GvHV(iogv))))
1368 iogv = gv_fetchpvs("IO::Handle::", GV_ADD, SVt_PVHV);
1369 SvSTASH_set(io, (HV*)SvREFCNT_inc(GvHV(iogv)));
1374 Perl_gv_check(pTHX_ const HV *stash)
1379 if (!HvARRAY(stash))
1381 for (i = 0; i <= (I32) HvMAX(stash); i++) {
1383 for (entry = HvARRAY(stash)[i]; entry; entry = HeNEXT(entry)) {
1386 if (HeKEY(entry)[HeKLEN(entry)-1] == ':' &&
1387 (gv = (GV*)HeVAL(entry)) && isGV(gv) && (hv = GvHV(gv)))
1389 if (hv != PL_defstash && hv != stash)
1390 gv_check(hv); /* nested package */
1392 else if (isALPHA(*HeKEY(entry))) {
1394 gv = (GV*)HeVAL(entry);
1395 if (SvTYPE(gv) != SVt_PVGV || GvMULTI(gv))
1398 /* performance hack: if filename is absolute and it's a standard
1399 * module, don't bother warning */
1400 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
1401 # define LIB_COMPONENT ":lib:"
1403 # define LIB_COMPONENT "/lib/"
1406 && PERL_FILE_IS_ABSOLUTE(file)
1407 && (instr(file, LIB_COMPONENT) || instr(file, ".pm")))
1411 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, GvLINE(gv));
1413 CopFILE(PL_curcop) = (char *)file; /* set for warning */
1415 CopFILEGV(PL_curcop) = gv_fetchfile(file);
1417 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_ONCE),
1418 "Name \"%s::%s\" used only once: possible typo",
1419 HvNAME_get(stash), GvNAME(gv));
1426 Perl_newGVgen(pTHX_ const char *pack)
1429 return gv_fetchpv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "%s::_GEN_%ld", pack, (long)PL_gensym++),
1433 /* hopefully this is only called on local symbol table entries */
1436 Perl_gp_ref(pTHX_ GP *gp)
1444 /* multi-named GPs cannot be used for method cache */
1445 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_cv);
1450 /* Adding a new name to a subroutine invalidates method cache */
1451 PL_sub_generation++;
1458 Perl_gp_free(pTHX_ GV *gv)
1463 if (!gv || !isGV_with_GP(gv) || !(gp = GvGP(gv)))
1465 if (gp->gp_refcnt == 0) {
1466 if (ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL))
1467 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
1468 "Attempt to free unreferenced glob pointers"
1469 pTHX__FORMAT pTHX__VALUE);
1473 /* Deleting the name of a subroutine invalidates method cache */
1474 PL_sub_generation++;
1476 if (--gp->gp_refcnt > 0) {
1477 if (gp->gp_egv == gv)
1483 if (gp->gp_file_hek)
1484 unshare_hek(gp->gp_file_hek);
1485 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_sv);
1486 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_av);
1487 /* FIXME - another reference loop GV -> symtab -> GV ?
1488 Somehow gp->gp_hv can end up pointing at freed garbage. */
1489 if (gp->gp_hv && SvTYPE(gp->gp_hv) == SVt_PVHV) {
1490 const char *hvname = HvNAME_get(gp->gp_hv);
1491 if (PL_stashcache && hvname)
1492 hv_delete(PL_stashcache, hvname, HvNAMELEN_get(gp->gp_hv),
1494 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_hv);
1496 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_io);
1497 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_cv);
1498 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_form);
1505 Perl_magic_freeovrld(pTHX_ SV *sv, MAGIC *mg)
1507 AMT * const amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr;
1508 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(sv);
1510 if (amtp && AMT_AMAGIC(amtp)) {
1512 for (i = 1; i < NofAMmeth; i++) {
1513 CV * const cv = amtp->table[i];
1515 SvREFCNT_dec((SV *) cv);
1516 amtp->table[i] = NULL;
1523 /* Updates and caches the CV's */
1526 Perl_Gv_AMupdate(pTHX_ HV *stash)
1529 MAGIC* const mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1533 const AMT * const amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr;
1534 if (amtp->was_ok_am == PL_amagic_generation
1535 && amtp->was_ok_sub == PL_sub_generation) {
1536 return (bool)AMT_OVERLOADED(amtp);
1538 sv_unmagic((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1541 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Recalcing overload magic in package %s\n",HvNAME_get(stash)) );
1544 amt.was_ok_am = PL_amagic_generation;
1545 amt.was_ok_sub = PL_sub_generation;
1546 amt.fallback = AMGfallNO;
1550 int filled = 0, have_ovl = 0;
1553 /* Work with "fallback" key, which we assume to be first in PL_AMG_names */
1555 /* Try to find via inheritance. */
1556 GV *gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, PL_AMG_names[0], 2, -1);
1557 SV * const sv = gv ? GvSV(gv) : NULL;
1561 lim = DESTROY_amg; /* Skip overloading entries. */
1562 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
1564 NOOP; /* Equivalent to !SvTRUE and !SvOK */
1567 else if (SvTRUE(sv))
1568 amt.fallback=AMGfallYES;
1570 amt.fallback=AMGfallNEVER;
1572 for (i = 1; i < lim; i++)
1573 amt.table[i] = NULL;
1574 for (; i < NofAMmeth; i++) {
1575 const char * const cooky = PL_AMG_names[i];
1576 /* Human-readable form, for debugging: */
1577 const char * const cp = (i >= DESTROY_amg ? cooky : AMG_id2name(i));
1578 const STRLEN l = strlen(cooky);
1580 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Checking overloading of \"%s\" in package \"%.256s\"\n",
1581 cp, HvNAME_get(stash)) );
1582 /* don't fill the cache while looking up!
1583 Creation of inheritance stubs in intermediate packages may
1584 conflict with the logic of runtime method substitution.
1585 Indeed, for inheritance A -> B -> C, if C overloads "+0",
1586 then we could have created stubs for "(+0" in A and C too.
1587 But if B overloads "bool", we may want to use it for
1588 numifying instead of C's "+0". */
1589 if (i >= DESTROY_amg)
1590 gv = Perl_gv_fetchmeth_autoload(aTHX_ stash, cooky, l, 0);
1591 else /* Autoload taken care of below */
1592 gv = Perl_gv_fetchmeth(aTHX_ stash, cooky, l, -1);
1594 if (gv && (cv = GvCV(gv))) {
1596 if (GvNAMELEN(CvGV(cv)) == 3 && strEQ(GvNAME(CvGV(cv)), "nil")
1597 && strEQ(hvname = HvNAME_get(GvSTASH(CvGV(cv))), "overload")) {
1598 /* This is a hack to support autoloading..., while
1599 knowing *which* methods were declared as overloaded. */
1600 /* GvSV contains the name of the method. */
1602 SV *gvsv = GvSV(gv);
1604 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Resolving method \"%"SVf256\
1605 "\" for overloaded \"%s\" in package \"%.256s\"\n",
1606 (void*)GvSV(gv), cp, hvname) );
1607 if (!gvsv || !SvPOK(gvsv)
1608 || !(ngv = gv_fetchmethod_autoload(stash, SvPVX_const(gvsv),
1611 /* Can be an import stub (created by "can"). */
1612 const char * const name = (gvsv && SvPOK(gvsv)) ? SvPVX_const(gvsv) : "???";
1613 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s method \"%.256s\" overloading \"%s\" "\
1614 "in package \"%.256s\"",
1615 (GvCVGEN(gv) ? "Stub found while resolving"
1619 cv = GvCV(gv = ngv);
1621 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Overloading \"%s\" in package \"%.256s\" via \"%.256s::%.256s\"\n",
1622 cp, HvNAME_get(stash), HvNAME_get(GvSTASH(CvGV(cv))),
1623 GvNAME(CvGV(cv))) );
1625 if (i < DESTROY_amg)
1627 } else if (gv) { /* Autoloaded... */
1631 amt.table[i]=(CV*)SvREFCNT_inc_simple(cv);
1634 AMT_AMAGIC_on(&amt);
1636 AMT_OVERLOADED_on(&amt);
1637 sv_magic((SV*)stash, 0, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table,
1638 (char*)&amt, sizeof(AMT));
1642 /* Here we have no table: */
1644 AMT_AMAGIC_off(&amt);
1645 sv_magic((SV*)stash, 0, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table,
1646 (char*)&amt, sizeof(AMTS));
1652 Perl_gv_handler(pTHX_ HV *stash, I32 id)
1658 if (!stash || !HvNAME_get(stash))
1660 mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1664 mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1667 amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr;
1668 if ( amtp->was_ok_am != PL_amagic_generation
1669 || amtp->was_ok_sub != PL_sub_generation )
1671 if (AMT_AMAGIC(amtp)) {
1672 CV * const ret = amtp->table[id];
1673 if (ret && isGV(ret)) { /* Autoloading stab */
1674 /* Passing it through may have resulted in a warning
1675 "Inherited AUTOLOAD for a non-method deprecated", since
1676 our caller is going through a function call, not a method call.
1677 So return the CV for AUTOLOAD, setting $AUTOLOAD. */
1678 GV * const gv = gv_fetchmethod(stash, PL_AMG_names[id]);
1691 Perl_amagic_call(pTHX_ SV *left, SV *right, int method, int flags)
1696 CV **cvp=NULL, **ocvp=NULL;
1697 AMT *amtp=NULL, *oamtp=NULL;
1698 int off = 0, off1, lr = 0, notfound = 0;
1699 int postpr = 0, force_cpy = 0;
1700 int assign = AMGf_assign & flags;
1701 const int assignshift = assign ? 1 : 0;
1706 if (!(AMGf_noleft & flags) && SvAMAGIC(left)
1707 && (stash = SvSTASH(SvRV(left)))
1708 && (mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table))
1709 && (ocvp = cvp = (AMT_AMAGIC((AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)
1710 ? (oamtp = amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)->table
1712 && ((cv = cvp[off=method+assignshift])
1713 || (assign && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER && /* fallback to
1719 cv = cvp[off=method])))) {
1720 lr = -1; /* Call method for left argument */
1722 if (cvp && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER && flags & AMGf_unary) {
1725 /* look for substituted methods */
1726 /* In all the covered cases we should be called with assign==0. */
1730 if ((cv = cvp[off=add_ass_amg])
1731 || ((cv = cvp[off = add_amg]) && (force_cpy = 0, postpr = 1))) {
1732 right = &PL_sv_yes; lr = -1; assign = 1;
1737 if ((cv = cvp[off = subtr_ass_amg])
1738 || ((cv = cvp[off = subtr_amg]) && (force_cpy = 0, postpr=1))) {
1739 right = &PL_sv_yes; lr = -1; assign = 1;
1743 (void)((cv = cvp[off=numer_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=string_amg]));
1746 (void)((cv = cvp[off=string_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=bool__amg]));
1749 (void)((cv = cvp[off=numer_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=bool__amg]));
1752 (void)((cv = cvp[off=bool__amg])
1753 || (cv = cvp[off=numer_amg])
1754 || (cv = cvp[off=string_amg]));
1760 * SV* ref causes confusion with the interpreter variable of
1763 SV* const tmpRef=SvRV(left);
1764 if (!SvROK(tmpRef) && SvTYPE(tmpRef) <= SVt_PVMG) {
1766 * Just to be extra cautious. Maybe in some
1767 * additional cases sv_setsv is safe, too.
1769 SV* const newref = newSVsv(tmpRef);
1770 SvOBJECT_on(newref);
1771 /* As a bit of a source compatibility hack, SvAMAGIC() and
1772 friends dereference an RV, to behave the same was as when
1773 overloading was stored on the reference, not the referant.
1774 Hence we can't use SvAMAGIC_on()
1776 SvFLAGS(newref) |= SVf_AMAGIC;
1777 SvSTASH_set(newref, (HV*)SvREFCNT_inc(SvSTASH(tmpRef)));
1783 if ((cvp[off1=lt_amg] || cvp[off1=ncmp_amg])
1784 && ((cv = cvp[off=neg_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=subtr_amg]))) {
1785 SV* const nullsv=sv_2mortal(newSViv(0));
1787 SV* const lessp = amagic_call(left,nullsv,
1788 lt_amg,AMGf_noright);
1789 logic = SvTRUE(lessp);
1791 SV* const lessp = amagic_call(left,nullsv,
1792 ncmp_amg,AMGf_noright);
1793 logic = (SvNV(lessp) < 0);
1796 if (off==subtr_amg) {
1807 if ((cv = cvp[off=subtr_amg])) {
1809 left = sv_2mortal(newSViv(0));
1814 case iter_amg: /* XXXX Eventually should do to_gv. */
1816 return NULL; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
1824 return left; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
1829 if (!cv) goto not_found;
1830 } else if (!(AMGf_noright & flags) && SvAMAGIC(right)
1831 && (stash = SvSTASH(SvRV(right)))
1832 && (mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table))
1833 && (cvp = (AMT_AMAGIC((AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)
1834 ? (amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)->table
1836 && (cv = cvp[off=method])) { /* Method for right
1839 } else if (((ocvp && oamtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER
1840 && (cvp=ocvp) && (lr = -1))
1841 || (cvp && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER && (lr=1)))
1842 && !(flags & AMGf_unary)) {
1843 /* We look for substitution for
1844 * comparison operations and
1846 if (method==concat_amg || method==concat_ass_amg
1847 || method==repeat_amg || method==repeat_ass_amg) {
1848 return NULL; /* Delegate operation to string conversion */
1858 postpr = 1; off=ncmp_amg; break;
1865 postpr = 1; off=scmp_amg; break;
1867 if (off != -1) cv = cvp[off];
1872 not_found: /* No method found, either report or croak */
1893 return left; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
1896 if (ocvp && (cv=ocvp[nomethod_amg])) { /* Call report method */
1897 notfound = 1; lr = -1;
1898 } else if (cvp && (cv=cvp[nomethod_amg])) {
1899 notfound = 1; lr = 1;
1900 } else if ((amtp && amtp->fallback >= AMGfallYES) && !DEBUG_o_TEST) {
1901 /* Skip generating the "no method found" message. */
1905 if (off==-1) off=method;
1906 msg = sv_2mortal(Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_
1907 "Operation \"%s\": no method found,%sargument %s%s%s%s",
1908 AMG_id2name(method + assignshift),
1909 (flags & AMGf_unary ? " " : "\n\tleft "),
1911 "in overloaded package ":
1912 "has no overloaded magic",
1914 HvNAME_get(SvSTASH(SvRV(left))):
1917 ",\n\tright argument in overloaded package ":
1920 : ",\n\tright argument has no overloaded magic"),
1922 HvNAME_get(SvSTASH(SvRV(right))):
1924 if (amtp && amtp->fallback >= AMGfallYES) {
1925 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "%s", SvPVX_const(msg)) );
1927 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%"SVf, SVfARG(msg));
1931 force_cpy = force_cpy || assign;
1936 DEBUG_o(Perl_deb(aTHX_
1937 "Overloaded operator \"%s\"%s%s%s:\n\tmethod%s found%s in package %s%s\n",
1939 method+assignshift==off? "" :
1941 method+assignshift==off? "" :
1942 AMG_id2name(method+assignshift),
1943 method+assignshift==off? "" : "\")",
1944 flags & AMGf_unary? "" :
1945 lr==1 ? " for right argument": " for left argument",
1946 flags & AMGf_unary? " for argument" : "",
1947 stash ? HvNAME_get(stash) : "null",
1948 fl? ",\n\tassignment variant used": "") );
1951 /* Since we use shallow copy during assignment, we need
1952 * to dublicate the contents, probably calling user-supplied
1953 * version of copy operator
1955 /* We need to copy in following cases:
1956 * a) Assignment form was called.
1957 * assignshift==1, assign==T, method + 1 == off
1958 * b) Increment or decrement, called directly.
1959 * assignshift==0, assign==0, method + 0 == off
1960 * c) Increment or decrement, translated to assignment add/subtr.
1961 * assignshift==0, assign==T,
1963 * d) Increment or decrement, translated to nomethod.
1964 * assignshift==0, assign==0,
1966 * e) Assignment form translated to nomethod.
1967 * assignshift==1, assign==T, method + 1 != off
1970 /* off is method, method+assignshift, or a result of opcode substitution.
1971 * In the latter case assignshift==0, so only notfound case is important.
1973 if (( (method + assignshift == off)
1974 && (assign || (method == inc_amg) || (method == dec_amg)))
1981 const bool oldcatch = CATCH_GET;
1984 Zero(&myop, 1, BINOP);
1985 myop.op_last = (OP *) &myop;
1986 myop.op_next = NULL;
1987 myop.op_flags = OPf_WANT_SCALAR | OPf_STACKED;
1989 PUSHSTACKi(PERLSI_OVERLOAD);
1992 PL_op = (OP *) &myop;
1993 if (PERLDB_SUB && PL_curstash != PL_debstash)
1994 PL_op->op_private |= OPpENTERSUB_DB;
1998 EXTEND(SP, notfound + 5);
1999 PUSHs(lr>0? right: left);
2000 PUSHs(lr>0? left: right);
2001 PUSHs( lr > 0 ? &PL_sv_yes : ( assign ? &PL_sv_undef : &PL_sv_no ));
2003 PUSHs( sv_2mortal(newSVpv(AMG_id2name(method + assignshift),0)));
2008 if ((PL_op = Perl_pp_entersub(aTHX)))
2016 CATCH_SET(oldcatch);
2023 ans=SvIV(res)<=0; break;
2026 ans=SvIV(res)<0; break;
2029 ans=SvIV(res)>=0; break;
2032 ans=SvIV(res)>0; break;
2035 ans=SvIV(res)==0; break;
2038 ans=SvIV(res)!=0; break;
2041 SvSetSV(left,res); return left;
2043 ans=!SvTRUE(res); break;
2048 } else if (method==copy_amg) {
2050 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Copy method did not return a reference");
2052 return SvREFCNT_inc(SvRV(res));
2060 =for apidoc is_gv_magical_sv
2062 Returns C<TRUE> if given the name of a magical GV. Calls is_gv_magical.
2068 Perl_is_gv_magical_sv(pTHX_ SV *name, U32 flags)
2071 const char * const temp = SvPV_const(name, len);
2072 return is_gv_magical(temp, len, flags);
2076 =for apidoc is_gv_magical
2078 Returns C<TRUE> if given the name of a magical GV.
2080 Currently only useful internally when determining if a GV should be
2081 created even in rvalue contexts.
2083 C<flags> is not used at present but available for future extension to
2084 allow selecting particular classes of magical variable.
2086 Currently assumes that C<name> is NUL terminated (as well as len being valid).
2087 This assumption is met by all callers within the perl core, which all pass
2088 pointers returned by SvPV.
2093 Perl_is_gv_magical(pTHX_ const char *name, STRLEN len, U32 flags)
2095 PERL_UNUSED_CONTEXT;
2096 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(flags);
2099 const char * const name1 = name + 1;
2102 if (len == 3 && name1[1] == 'S' && name[2] == 'A')
2106 if (len == 8 && strEQ(name1, "VERLOAD"))
2110 if (len == 3 && name[1] == 'I' && name[2] == 'G')
2113 /* Using ${^...} variables is likely to be sufficiently rare that
2114 it seems sensible to avoid the space hit of also checking the
2116 case '\017': /* ${^OPEN} */
2117 if (strEQ(name1, "PEN"))
2120 case '\024': /* ${^TAINT} */
2121 if (strEQ(name1, "AINT"))
2124 case '\025': /* ${^UNICODE} */
2125 if (strEQ(name1, "NICODE"))
2127 if (strEQ(name1, "TF8LOCALE"))
2130 case '\027': /* ${^WARNING_BITS} */
2131 if (strEQ(name1, "ARNING_BITS"))
2144 const char *end = name + len;
2145 while (--end > name) {
2153 /* Because we're already assuming that name is NUL terminated
2154 below, we can treat an empty name as "\0" */
2181 case '\001': /* $^A */
2182 case '\003': /* $^C */
2183 case '\004': /* $^D */
2184 case '\005': /* $^E */
2185 case '\006': /* $^F */
2186 case '\010': /* $^H */
2187 case '\011': /* $^I, NOT \t in EBCDIC */
2188 case '\014': /* $^L */
2189 case '\016': /* $^N */
2190 case '\017': /* $^O */
2191 case '\020': /* $^P */
2192 case '\023': /* $^S */
2193 case '\024': /* $^T */
2194 case '\026': /* $^V */
2195 case '\027': /* $^W */
2215 Perl_gv_name_set(pTHX_ GV *gv, const char *name, U32 len, U32 flags)
2221 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(flags);
2224 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: gv name too long (%"UVuf")", (UV) len);
2226 if (!(flags & GV_ADD) && GvNAME_HEK(gv)) {
2227 unshare_hek(GvNAME_HEK(gv));
2230 PERL_HASH(hash, name, len);
2231 GvNAME_HEK(gv) = share_hek(name, len, hash);
2236 * c-indentation-style: bsd
2238 * indent-tabs-mode: t
2241 * ex: set ts=8 sts=4 sw=4 noet: