3 * Copyright (C) 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
4 * 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, by Larry Wall and others
6 * You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
7 * License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
12 * 'Mercy!' cried Gandalf. 'If the giving of information is to be the cure
13 * of your inquisitiveness, I shall spend all the rest of my days answering
14 * you. What more do you want to know?'
15 * 'The names of all the stars, and of all living things, and the whole
16 * history of Middle-earth and Over-heaven and of the Sundering Seas,'
23 A GV is a structure which corresponds to to a Perl typeglob, ie *foo.
24 It is a structure that holds a pointer to a scalar, an array, a hash etc,
25 corresponding to $foo, @foo, %foo.
27 GVs are usually found as values in stashes (symbol table hashes) where
28 Perl stores its global variables.
38 static const char S_autoload[] = "AUTOLOAD";
39 static const STRLEN S_autolen = sizeof(S_autoload)-1;
42 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
44 Perl_gv_SVadd(pTHX_ GV *gv)
46 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_SVADD;
48 if (!gv || SvTYPE((SV*)gv) != SVt_PVGV)
49 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for scalar");
57 Perl_gv_AVadd(pTHX_ register GV *gv)
59 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_AVADD;
61 if (!gv || SvTYPE((SV*)gv) != SVt_PVGV)
62 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for array");
69 Perl_gv_HVadd(pTHX_ register GV *gv)
71 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_HVADD;
73 if (!gv || SvTYPE((SV*)gv) != SVt_PVGV)
74 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for hash");
81 Perl_gv_IOadd(pTHX_ register GV *gv)
85 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_IOADD;
87 if (!gv || SvTYPE((SV*)gv) != SVt_PVGV) {
90 * if it walks like a dirhandle, then let's assume that
91 * this is a dirhandle.
93 const char * const fh =
94 PL_op->op_type == OP_READDIR ||
95 PL_op->op_type == OP_TELLDIR ||
96 PL_op->op_type == OP_SEEKDIR ||
97 PL_op->op_type == OP_REWINDDIR ||
98 PL_op->op_type == OP_CLOSEDIR ?
99 "dirhandle" : "filehandle";
100 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for %s", fh);
104 #ifdef GV_UNIQUE_CHECK
106 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for filehandle (GV is unique)");
115 Perl_gv_fetchfile(pTHX_ const char *name)
117 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHFILE;
118 return gv_fetchfile_flags(name, strlen(name), 0);
122 Perl_gv_fetchfile_flags(pTHX_ const char *const name, const STRLEN namelen,
128 const STRLEN tmplen = namelen + 2;
131 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHFILE_FLAGS;
132 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(flags);
137 if (tmplen <= sizeof smallbuf)
140 Newx(tmpbuf, tmplen, char);
141 /* This is where the debugger's %{"::_<$filename"} hash is created */
144 memcpy(tmpbuf + 2, name, namelen);
145 gv = *(GV**)hv_fetch(PL_defstash, tmpbuf, tmplen, TRUE);
147 gv_init(gv, PL_defstash, tmpbuf, tmplen, FALSE);
148 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
149 GvSV(gv) = newSVpvn(name, namelen);
151 sv_setpvn(GvSV(gv), name, namelen);
154 hv_magic(GvHVn(gv_AVadd(gv)), NULL, PERL_MAGIC_dbfile);
156 if (tmpbuf != smallbuf)
162 =for apidoc gv_const_sv
164 If C<gv> is a typeglob whose subroutine entry is a constant sub eligible for
165 inlining, or C<gv> is a placeholder reference that would be promoted to such
166 a typeglob, then returns the value returned by the sub. Otherwise, returns
173 Perl_gv_const_sv(pTHX_ GV *gv)
175 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_CONST_SV;
177 if (SvTYPE(gv) == SVt_PVGV)
178 return cv_const_sv(GvCVu(gv));
179 return SvROK(gv) ? SvRV(gv) : NULL;
183 Perl_newGP(pTHX_ GV *const gv)
188 const char *const file
189 = (PL_curcop && CopFILE(PL_curcop)) ? CopFILE(PL_curcop) : "";
190 const STRLEN len = strlen(file);
192 SV *const temp_sv = CopFILESV(PL_curcop);
196 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_NEWGP;
199 file = SvPVX(temp_sv);
200 len = SvCUR(temp_sv);
207 PERL_HASH(hash, file, len);
211 #ifndef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
212 gp->gp_sv = newSV(0);
215 gp->gp_line = PL_curcop ? CopLINE(PL_curcop) : 0;
216 /* XXX Ideally this cast would be replaced with a change to const char*
218 gp->gp_file_hek = share_hek(file, len, hash);
226 Perl_gv_init(pTHX_ GV *gv, HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, int multi)
229 const U32 old_type = SvTYPE(gv);
230 const bool doproto = old_type > SVt_NULL;
231 char * const proto = (doproto && SvPOK(gv)) ? SvPVX(gv) : NULL;
232 const STRLEN protolen = proto ? SvCUR(gv) : 0;
233 SV *const has_constant = doproto && SvROK(gv) ? SvRV(gv) : NULL;
234 const U32 exported_constant = has_constant ? SvPCS_IMPORTED(gv) : 0;
236 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_INIT;
237 assert (!(proto && has_constant));
240 /* The constant has to be a simple scalar type. */
241 switch (SvTYPE(has_constant)) {
247 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Cannot convert a reference to %s to typeglob",
248 sv_reftype(has_constant, 0));
256 if (old_type < SVt_PVGV) {
257 if (old_type >= SVt_PV)
259 sv_upgrade((SV*)gv, SVt_PVGV);
267 Safefree(SvPVX_mutable(gv));
272 GvGP(gv) = Perl_newGP(aTHX_ gv);
275 Perl_sv_add_backref(aTHX_ (SV*)stash, (SV*)gv);
276 gv_name_set(gv, name, len, GV_ADD);
277 if (multi || doproto) /* doproto means it _was_ mentioned */
279 if (doproto) { /* Replicate part of newSUB here. */
282 /* newCONSTSUB takes ownership of the reference from us. */
283 GvCV(gv) = newCONSTSUB(stash, name, has_constant);
284 /* If this reference was a copy of another, then the subroutine
285 must have been "imported", by a Perl space assignment to a GV
286 from a reference to CV. */
287 if (exported_constant)
288 GvIMPORTED_CV_on(gv);
290 (void) start_subparse(0,0); /* Create empty CV in compcv. */
291 GvCV(gv) = PL_compcv;
295 mro_method_changed_in(GvSTASH(gv)); /* sub Foo::bar($) { (shift) } sub ASDF::baz($); *ASDF::baz = \&Foo::bar */
297 CvFILE_set_from_cop(GvCV(gv), PL_curcop);
298 CvSTASH(GvCV(gv)) = PL_curstash;
300 sv_usepvn_flags((SV*)GvCV(gv), proto, protolen,
301 SV_HAS_TRAILING_NUL);
307 S_gv_init_sv(pTHX_ GV *gv, const svtype sv_type)
309 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_INIT_SV;
321 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
329 /* Work round what appears to be a bug in Sun C++ 5.8 2005/10/13
330 If we just cast GvSVn(gv) to void, it ignores evaluating it for
338 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth
340 Returns the glob with the given C<name> and a defined subroutine or
341 C<NULL>. The glob lives in the given C<stash>, or in the stashes
342 accessible via @ISA and UNIVERSAL::.
344 The argument C<level> should be either 0 or -1. If C<level==0>, as a
345 side-effect creates a glob with the given C<name> in the given C<stash>
346 which in the case of success contains an alias for the subroutine, and sets
347 up caching info for this glob.
349 This function grants C<"SUPER"> token as a postfix of the stash name. The
350 GV returned from C<gv_fetchmeth> may be a method cache entry, which is not
351 visible to Perl code. So when calling C<call_sv>, you should not use
352 the GV directly; instead, you should use the method's CV, which can be
353 obtained from the GV with the C<GvCV> macro.
358 /* NOTE: No support for tied ISA */
361 Perl_gv_fetchmeth(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, I32 level)
369 GV* candidate = NULL;
374 I32 create = (level >= 0) ? 1 : 0;
379 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETH;
381 /* UNIVERSAL methods should be callable without a stash */
383 create = 0; /* probably appropriate */
384 if(!(stash = gv_stashpvs("UNIVERSAL", 0)))
390 hvname = HvNAME_get(stash);
392 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't use anonymous symbol table for method lookup");
397 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Looking for method %s in package %s\n",name,hvname) );
399 topgen_cmp = HvMROMETA(stash)->cache_gen + PL_sub_generation;
401 /* check locally for a real method or a cache entry */
402 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash, name, len, create);
406 if (SvTYPE(topgv) != SVt_PVGV)
407 gv_init(topgv, stash, name, len, TRUE);
408 if ((cand_cv = GvCV(topgv))) {
409 /* If genuine method or valid cache entry, use it */
410 if (!GvCVGEN(topgv) || GvCVGEN(topgv) == topgen_cmp) {
414 /* stale cache entry, junk it and move on */
415 SvREFCNT_dec(cand_cv);
416 GvCV(topgv) = cand_cv = NULL;
420 else if (GvCVGEN(topgv) == topgen_cmp) {
421 /* cache indicates no such method definitively */
426 packlen = HvNAMELEN_get(stash);
427 if (packlen >= 7 && strEQ(hvname + packlen - 7, "::SUPER")) {
430 basestash = gv_stashpvn(hvname, packlen, GV_ADD);
431 linear_av = mro_get_linear_isa(basestash);
434 linear_av = mro_get_linear_isa(stash); /* has ourselves at the top of the list */
437 linear_svp = AvARRAY(linear_av) + 1; /* skip over self */
438 items = AvFILLp(linear_av); /* no +1, to skip over self */
440 linear_sv = *linear_svp++;
442 cstash = gv_stashsv(linear_sv, 0);
445 if (ckWARN(WARN_SYNTAX))
446 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_SYNTAX), "Can't locate package %"SVf" for @%s::ISA",
447 SVfARG(linear_sv), hvname);
453 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(cstash, name, len, 0);
457 if (SvTYPE(candidate) != SVt_PVGV) gv_init(candidate, cstash, name, len, TRUE);
458 if (SvTYPE(candidate) == SVt_PVGV && (cand_cv = GvCV(candidate)) && !GvCVGEN(candidate)) {
460 * Found real method, cache method in topgv if:
461 * 1. topgv has no synonyms (else inheritance crosses wires)
462 * 2. method isn't a stub (else AUTOLOAD fails spectacularly)
464 if (topgv && (GvREFCNT(topgv) == 1) && (CvROOT(cand_cv) || CvXSUB(cand_cv))) {
465 if ((old_cv = GvCV(topgv))) SvREFCNT_dec(old_cv);
466 SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void_NN(cand_cv);
467 GvCV(topgv) = cand_cv;
468 GvCVGEN(topgv) = topgen_cmp;
474 /* Check UNIVERSAL without caching */
475 if(level == 0 || level == -1) {
476 candidate = gv_fetchmeth(NULL, name, len, 1);
478 cand_cv = GvCV(candidate);
479 if (topgv && (GvREFCNT(topgv) == 1) && (CvROOT(cand_cv) || CvXSUB(cand_cv))) {
480 if ((old_cv = GvCV(topgv))) SvREFCNT_dec(old_cv);
481 SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void_NN(cand_cv);
482 GvCV(topgv) = cand_cv;
483 GvCVGEN(topgv) = topgen_cmp;
489 if (topgv && GvREFCNT(topgv) == 1) {
490 /* cache the fact that the method is not defined */
491 GvCVGEN(topgv) = topgen_cmp;
498 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth_autoload
500 Same as gv_fetchmeth(), but looks for autoloaded subroutines too.
501 Returns a glob for the subroutine.
503 For an autoloaded subroutine without a GV, will create a GV even
504 if C<level < 0>. For an autoloaded subroutine without a stub, GvCV()
505 of the result may be zero.
511 Perl_gv_fetchmeth_autoload(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, I32 level)
513 GV *gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, name, len, level);
515 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETH_AUTOLOAD;
522 return NULL; /* UNIVERSAL::AUTOLOAD could cause trouble */
523 if (len == S_autolen && memEQ(name, S_autoload, S_autolen))
525 if (!(gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, S_autoload, S_autolen, FALSE)))
528 if (!(CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv)))
530 /* Have an autoload */
531 if (level < 0) /* Cannot do without a stub */
532 gv_fetchmeth(stash, name, len, 0);
533 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash, name, len, (level >= 0));
542 =for apidoc gv_fetchmethod_autoload
544 Returns the glob which contains the subroutine to call to invoke the method
545 on the C<stash>. In fact in the presence of autoloading this may be the
546 glob for "AUTOLOAD". In this case the corresponding variable $AUTOLOAD is
549 The third parameter of C<gv_fetchmethod_autoload> determines whether
550 AUTOLOAD lookup is performed if the given method is not present: non-zero
551 means yes, look for AUTOLOAD; zero means no, don't look for AUTOLOAD.
552 Calling C<gv_fetchmethod> is equivalent to calling C<gv_fetchmethod_autoload>
553 with a non-zero C<autoload> parameter.
555 These functions grant C<"SUPER"> token as a prefix of the method name. Note
556 that if you want to keep the returned glob for a long time, you need to
557 check for it being "AUTOLOAD", since at the later time the call may load a
558 different subroutine due to $AUTOLOAD changing its value. Use the glob
559 created via a side effect to do this.
561 These functions have the same side-effects and as C<gv_fetchmeth> with
562 C<level==0>. C<name> should be writable if contains C<':'> or C<'
563 ''>. The warning against passing the GV returned by C<gv_fetchmeth> to
564 C<call_sv> apply equally to these functions.
570 S_gv_get_super_pkg(pTHX_ const char* name, I32 namelen)
577 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_GET_SUPER_PKG;
579 stash = gv_stashpvn(name, namelen, 0);
580 if(stash) return stash;
582 /* If we must create it, give it an @ISA array containing
583 the real package this SUPER is for, so that it's tied
584 into the cache invalidation code correctly */
585 stash = gv_stashpvn(name, namelen, GV_ADD);
586 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetchs(stash, "ISA", TRUE);
588 gv_init(gv, stash, "ISA", 3, TRUE);
589 superisa = GvAVn(gv);
591 sv_magic((SV*)superisa, (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_isa, NULL, 0);
593 av_push(superisa, newSVpv(CopSTASHPV(PL_curcop), 0));
595 av_push(superisa, newSVhek(CopSTASH(PL_curcop)
596 ? HvNAME_HEK(CopSTASH(PL_curcop)) : NULL));
603 Perl_gv_fetchmethod_autoload(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, I32 autoload)
605 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETHOD_AUTOLOAD;
607 return gv_fetchmethod_flags(stash, name, autoload ? GV_AUTOLOAD : 0);
610 /* Don't merge this yet, as it's likely to get a len parameter, and possibly
613 Perl_gv_fetchmethod_flags(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, U32 flags)
616 register const char *nend;
617 const char *nsplit = NULL;
620 const char * const origname = name;
621 SV *const error_report = (SV *)stash;
622 const U32 autoload = flags & GV_AUTOLOAD;
623 const U32 do_croak = flags & GV_CROAK;
625 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETHOD_FLAGS;
627 if (SvTYPE(stash) < SVt_PVHV)
630 /* The only way stash can become NULL later on is if nsplit is set,
631 which in turn means that there is no need for a SVt_PVHV case
632 the error reporting code. */
635 for (nend = name; *nend; nend++) {
640 else if (*nend == ':' && *(nend + 1) == ':') {
646 if ((nsplit - origname) == 5 && memEQ(origname, "SUPER", 5)) {
647 /* ->SUPER::method should really be looked up in original stash */
648 SV * const tmpstr = sv_2mortal(Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_ "%s::SUPER",
649 CopSTASHPV(PL_curcop)));
650 /* __PACKAGE__::SUPER stash should be autovivified */
651 stash = gv_get_super_pkg(SvPVX_const(tmpstr), SvCUR(tmpstr));
652 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Treating %s as %s::%s\n",
653 origname, HvNAME_get(stash), name) );
656 /* don't autovifify if ->NoSuchStash::method */
657 stash = gv_stashpvn(origname, nsplit - origname, 0);
659 /* however, explicit calls to Pkg::SUPER::method may
660 happen, and may require autovivification to work */
661 if (!stash && (nsplit - origname) >= 7 &&
662 strnEQ(nsplit - 7, "::SUPER", 7) &&
663 gv_stashpvn(origname, nsplit - origname - 7, 0))
664 stash = gv_get_super_pkg(origname, nsplit - origname);
669 gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, name, nend - name, 0);
671 if (strEQ(name,"import") || strEQ(name,"unimport"))
672 gv = (GV*)&PL_sv_yes;
674 gv = gv_autoload4(ostash, name, nend - name, TRUE);
675 if (!gv && do_croak) {
676 /* Right now this is exclusively for the benefit of S_method_common
680 "Can't locate object method \"%s\" via package \"%.*s\"",
681 name, (int)HvNAMELEN_get(stash), HvNAME_get(stash));
685 const char *packname;
688 packlen = nsplit - origname;
691 packname = SvPV_const(error_report, packlen);
695 "Can't locate object method \"%s\" via package \"%.*s\""
696 " (perhaps you forgot to load \"%.*s\"?)",
697 name, (int)packlen, packname, (int)packlen, packname);
702 CV* const cv = GvCV(gv);
703 if (!CvROOT(cv) && !CvXSUB(cv)) {
711 if (GvCV(stubgv) != cv) /* orphaned import */
714 autogv = gv_autoload4(GvSTASH(stubgv),
715 GvNAME(stubgv), GvNAMELEN(stubgv), TRUE);
725 Perl_gv_autoload4(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, I32 method)
733 const char *packname = "";
734 STRLEN packname_len = 0;
736 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_AUTOLOAD4;
738 if (len == S_autolen && memEQ(name, S_autoload, S_autolen))
741 if (SvTYPE(stash) < SVt_PVHV) {
742 packname = SvPV_const((SV*)stash, packname_len);
746 packname = HvNAME_get(stash);
747 packname_len = HvNAMELEN_get(stash);
750 if (!(gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, S_autoload, S_autolen, FALSE)))
754 if (!(CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv)))
758 * Inheriting AUTOLOAD for non-methods works ... for now.
760 if (!method && (GvCVGEN(gv) || GvSTASH(gv) != stash)
761 && ckWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX)
763 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX),
764 "Use of inherited AUTOLOAD for non-method %s::%.*s() is deprecated",
765 packname, (int)len, name);
768 /* rather than lookup/init $AUTOLOAD here
769 * only to have the XSUB do another lookup for $AUTOLOAD
770 * and split that value on the last '::',
771 * pass along the same data via some unused fields in the CV
774 SvPV_set(cv, (char *)name); /* cast to lose constness warning */
780 * Given &FOO::AUTOLOAD, set $FOO::AUTOLOAD to desired function name.
781 * The subroutine's original name may not be "AUTOLOAD", so we don't
782 * use that, but for lack of anything better we will use the sub's
783 * original package to look up $AUTOLOAD.
785 varstash = GvSTASH(CvGV(cv));
786 vargv = *(GV**)hv_fetch(varstash, S_autoload, S_autolen, TRUE);
790 gv_init(vargv, varstash, S_autoload, S_autolen, FALSE);
791 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
792 GvSV(vargv) = newSV(0);
796 varsv = GvSVn(vargv);
797 sv_setpvn(varsv, packname, packname_len);
798 sv_catpvs(varsv, "::");
799 sv_catpvn(varsv, name, len);
804 /* require_tie_mod() internal routine for requiring a module
805 * that implements the logic of automatical ties like %! and %-
807 * The "gv" parameter should be the glob.
808 * "varpv" holds the name of the var, used for error messages.
809 * "namesv" holds the module name. Its refcount will be decremented.
810 * "methpv" holds the method name to test for to check that things
811 * are working reasonably close to as expected.
812 * "flags": if flag & 1 then save the scalar before loading.
813 * For the protection of $! to work (it is set by this routine)
814 * the sv slot must already be magicalized.
817 S_require_tie_mod(pTHX_ GV *gv, const char *varpv, SV* namesv, const char *methpv,const U32 flags)
820 HV* stash = gv_stashsv(namesv, 0);
822 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_REQUIRE_TIE_MOD;
824 if (!stash || !(gv_fetchmethod(stash, methpv))) {
825 SV *module = newSVsv(namesv);
826 char varname = *varpv; /* varpv might be clobbered by load_module,
827 so save it. For the moment it's always
833 PUSHSTACKi(PERLSI_MAGIC);
834 Perl_load_module(aTHX_ PERL_LOADMOD_NOIMPORT, module, NULL);
838 stash = gv_stashsv(namesv, 0);
840 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: Can't use %%%c because %"SVf" is not available",
841 varname, SVfARG(namesv));
842 else if (!gv_fetchmethod(stash, methpv))
843 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: Can't use %%%c because %"SVf" does not support method %s",
844 varname, SVfARG(namesv), methpv);
846 SvREFCNT_dec(namesv);
851 =for apidoc gv_stashpv
853 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package. Uses C<strlen> to
854 determine the length of C<name>, then calls C<gv_stashpvn()>.
860 Perl_gv_stashpv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
862 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_STASHPV;
863 return gv_stashpvn(name, strlen(name), create);
867 =for apidoc gv_stashpvn
869 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package. The C<namelen>
870 parameter indicates the length of the C<name>, in bytes. C<flags> is passed
871 to C<gv_fetchpvn_flags()>, so if set to C<GV_ADD> then the package will be
872 created if it does not already exist. If the package does not exist and
873 C<flags> is 0 (or any other setting that does not create packages) then NULL
881 Perl_gv_stashpvn(pTHX_ const char *name, U32 namelen, I32 flags)
888 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_STASHPVN;
890 if (namelen + 2 <= sizeof smallbuf)
893 Newx(tmpbuf, namelen + 2, char);
894 Copy(name,tmpbuf,namelen,char);
895 tmpbuf[namelen++] = ':';
896 tmpbuf[namelen++] = ':';
897 tmpgv = gv_fetchpvn_flags(tmpbuf, namelen, flags, SVt_PVHV);
898 if (tmpbuf != smallbuf)
903 GvHV(tmpgv) = newHV();
905 if (!HvNAME_get(stash))
906 hv_name_set(stash, name, namelen, 0);
911 =for apidoc gv_stashsv
913 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package. See C<gv_stashpvn>.
919 Perl_gv_stashsv(pTHX_ SV *sv, I32 flags)
922 const char * const ptr = SvPV_const(sv,len);
924 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_STASHSV;
926 return gv_stashpvn(ptr, len, flags);
931 Perl_gv_fetchpv(pTHX_ const char *nambeg, I32 add, const svtype sv_type) {
932 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHPV;
933 return gv_fetchpvn_flags(nambeg, strlen(nambeg), add, sv_type);
937 Perl_gv_fetchsv(pTHX_ SV *name, I32 flags, const svtype sv_type) {
939 const char * const nambeg = SvPV_const(name, len);
940 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHSV;
941 return gv_fetchpvn_flags(nambeg, len, flags | SvUTF8(name), sv_type);
945 Perl_gv_fetchpvn_flags(pTHX_ const char *nambeg, STRLEN full_len, I32 flags,
946 const svtype sv_type)
949 register const char *name = nambeg;
950 register GV *gv = NULL;
953 register const char *name_cursor;
955 const I32 no_init = flags & (GV_NOADD_NOINIT | GV_NOINIT);
956 const I32 no_expand = flags & GV_NOEXPAND;
957 const I32 add = flags & ~GV_NOADD_MASK;
958 const char *const name_end = nambeg + full_len;
959 const char *const name_em1 = name_end - 1;
962 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHPVN_FLAGS;
964 if (flags & GV_NOTQUAL) {
965 /* Caller promised that there is no stash, so we can skip the check. */
970 if (full_len > 2 && *name == '*' && isALPHA(name[1])) {
971 /* accidental stringify on a GV? */
975 for (name_cursor = name; name_cursor < name_end; name_cursor++) {
976 if ((*name_cursor == ':' && name_cursor < name_em1
977 && name_cursor[1] == ':')
978 || (*name_cursor == '\'' && name_cursor[1]))
982 if (!stash || !SvREFCNT(stash)) /* symbol table under destruction */
985 len = name_cursor - name;
990 if (len + 2 <= (I32)sizeof (smallbuf))
993 Newx(tmpbuf, len+2, char);
994 Copy(name, tmpbuf, len, char);
997 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash,tmpbuf,len,add);
998 gv = gvp ? *gvp : NULL;
999 if (gv && gv != (GV*)&PL_sv_undef) {
1000 if (SvTYPE(gv) != SVt_PVGV)
1001 gv_init(gv, stash, tmpbuf, len, (add & GV_ADDMULTI));
1005 if (tmpbuf != smallbuf)
1007 if (!gv || gv == (GV*)&PL_sv_undef)
1010 if (!(stash = GvHV(gv)))
1011 stash = GvHV(gv) = newHV();
1013 if (!HvNAME_get(stash))
1014 hv_name_set(stash, nambeg, name_cursor - nambeg, 0);
1017 if (*name_cursor == ':')
1021 if (name == name_end)
1022 return gv ? gv : (GV*)*hv_fetchs(PL_defstash, "main::", TRUE);
1025 len = name_cursor - name;
1027 /* No stash in name, so see how we can default */
1031 if (len && isIDFIRST_lazy(name)) {
1032 bool global = FALSE;
1040 if ((name[0] == 'I' && name[1] == 'N' && name[2] == 'C')
1041 || (name[0] == 'E' && name[1] == 'N' && name[2] == 'V')
1042 || (name[0] == 'S' && name[1] == 'I' && name[2] == 'G'))
1046 if (name[0] == 'A' && name[1] == 'R' && name[2] == 'G'
1051 if (name[0] == 'S' && name[1] == 'T' && name[2] == 'D'
1052 && name[3] == 'I' && name[4] == 'N')
1056 if ((name[0] == 'S' && name[1] == 'T' && name[2] == 'D')
1057 &&((name[3] == 'O' && name[4] == 'U' && name[5] == 'T')
1058 ||(name[3] == 'E' && name[4] == 'R' && name[5] == 'R')))
1062 if (name[0] == 'A' && name[1] == 'R' && name[2] == 'G'
1063 && name[3] == 'V' && name[4] == 'O' && name[5] == 'U'
1070 stash = PL_defstash;
1071 else if (IN_PERL_COMPILETIME) {
1072 stash = PL_curstash;
1073 if (add && (PL_hints & HINT_STRICT_VARS) &&
1074 sv_type != SVt_PVCV &&
1075 sv_type != SVt_PVGV &&
1076 sv_type != SVt_PVFM &&
1077 sv_type != SVt_PVIO &&
1078 !(len == 1 && sv_type == SVt_PV &&
1079 (*name == 'a' || *name == 'b')) )
1081 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash,name,len,0);
1083 *gvp == (GV*)&PL_sv_undef ||
1084 SvTYPE(*gvp) != SVt_PVGV)
1088 else if ((sv_type == SVt_PV && !GvIMPORTED_SV(*gvp)) ||
1089 (sv_type == SVt_PVAV && !GvIMPORTED_AV(*gvp)) ||
1090 (sv_type == SVt_PVHV && !GvIMPORTED_HV(*gvp)) )
1092 Perl_warn(aTHX_ "Variable \"%c%s\" is not imported",
1093 sv_type == SVt_PVAV ? '@' :
1094 sv_type == SVt_PVHV ? '%' : '$',
1097 Perl_warn(aTHX_ "\t(Did you mean &%s instead?)\n", name);
1103 stash = CopSTASH(PL_curcop);
1106 stash = PL_defstash;
1109 /* By this point we should have a stash and a name */
1113 SV * const err = Perl_mess(aTHX_
1114 "Global symbol \"%s%s\" requires explicit package name",
1115 (sv_type == SVt_PV ? "$"
1116 : sv_type == SVt_PVAV ? "@"
1117 : sv_type == SVt_PVHV ? "%"
1120 if (USE_UTF8_IN_NAMES)
1123 gv = gv_fetchpvn_flags("<none>::", 8, GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV);
1125 /* symbol table under destruction */
1134 if (!SvREFCNT(stash)) /* symbol table under destruction */
1137 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash,name,len,add);
1138 if (!gvp || *gvp == (GV*)&PL_sv_undef)
1141 if (SvTYPE(gv) == SVt_PVGV) {
1144 gv_init_sv(gv, sv_type);
1145 if (len == 1 && (sv_type == SVt_PVHV || sv_type == SVt_PVGV)) {
1147 require_tie_mod(gv, "!", newSVpvs("Errno"), "TIEHASH", 1);
1148 else if (*name == '-' || *name == '+')
1149 require_tie_mod(gv, name, newSVpvs("Tie::Hash::NamedCapture"), "TIEHASH", 0);
1153 } else if (no_init) {
1155 } else if (no_expand && SvROK(gv)) {
1159 /* Adding a new symbol.
1160 Unless of course there was already something non-GV here, in which case
1161 we want to behave as if there was always a GV here, containing some sort
1163 Otherwise we run the risk of creating things like GvIO, which can cause
1164 subtle bugs. eg the one that tripped up SQL::Translator */
1166 faking_it = SvOK(gv);
1168 if (add & GV_ADDWARN && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL))
1169 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL), "Had to create %s unexpectedly", nambeg);
1170 gv_init(gv, stash, name, len, add & GV_ADDMULTI);
1171 gv_init_sv(gv, faking_it ? SVt_PVCV : sv_type);
1173 if (isALPHA(name[0]) && ! (isLEXWARN_on ? ckWARN(WARN_ONCE)
1174 : (PL_dowarn & G_WARN_ON ) ) )
1177 /* set up magic where warranted */
1182 /* Nothing else to do.
1183 The compiler will probably turn the switch statement into a
1184 branch table. Make sure we avoid even that small overhead for
1185 the common case of lower case variable names. */
1189 const char * const name2 = name + 1;
1192 if (strEQ(name2, "RGV")) {
1193 IoFLAGS(GvIOn(gv)) |= IOf_ARGV|IOf_START;
1195 else if (strEQ(name2, "RGVOUT")) {
1200 if (strnEQ(name2, "XPORT", 5))
1204 if (strEQ(name2, "SA")) {
1205 AV* const av = GvAVn(gv);
1207 sv_magic((SV*)av, (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_isa, NULL, 0);
1208 /* NOTE: No support for tied ISA */
1209 if ((add & GV_ADDMULTI) && strEQ(nambeg,"AnyDBM_File::ISA")
1210 && AvFILLp(av) == -1)
1213 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "NDBM_File",9));
1214 gv_stashpvn(pname, 9, GV_ADD);
1215 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "DB_File",7));
1216 gv_stashpvn(pname, 7, GV_ADD);
1217 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "GDBM_File",9));
1218 gv_stashpvn(pname, 9, GV_ADD);
1219 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "SDBM_File",9));
1220 gv_stashpvn(pname, 9, GV_ADD);
1221 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "ODBM_File",9));
1222 gv_stashpvn(pname, 9, GV_ADD);
1227 if (strEQ(name2, "VERLOAD")) {
1228 HV* const hv = GvHVn(gv);
1230 hv_magic(hv, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_overload);
1234 if (strEQ(name2, "IG")) {
1238 Newxz(PL_psig_ptr, SIG_SIZE, SV*);
1239 Newxz(PL_psig_name, SIG_SIZE, SV*);
1240 Newxz(PL_psig_pend, SIG_SIZE, int);
1244 hv_magic(hv, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_sig);
1245 for (i = 1; i < SIG_SIZE; i++) {
1246 SV * const * const init = hv_fetch(hv, PL_sig_name[i], strlen(PL_sig_name[i]), 1);
1248 sv_setsv(*init, &PL_sv_undef);
1250 PL_psig_name[i] = 0;
1251 PL_psig_pend[i] = 0;
1256 if (strEQ(name2, "ERSION"))
1259 case '\003': /* $^CHILD_ERROR_NATIVE */
1260 if (strEQ(name2, "HILD_ERROR_NATIVE"))
1263 case '\005': /* $^ENCODING */
1264 if (strEQ(name2, "NCODING"))
1267 case '\015': /* $^MATCH */
1268 if (strEQ(name2, "ATCH"))
1270 case '\017': /* $^OPEN */
1271 if (strEQ(name2, "PEN"))
1274 case '\020': /* $^PREMATCH $^POSTMATCH */
1275 if (strEQ(name2, "REMATCH") || strEQ(name2, "OSTMATCH"))
1277 case '\024': /* ${^TAINT} */
1278 if (strEQ(name2, "AINT"))
1281 case '\025': /* ${^UNICODE}, ${^UTF8LOCALE} */
1282 if (strEQ(name2, "NICODE"))
1284 if (strEQ(name2, "TF8LOCALE"))
1286 if (strEQ(name2, "TF8CACHE"))
1289 case '\027': /* $^WARNING_BITS */
1290 if (strEQ(name2, "ARNING_BITS"))
1303 /* Ensures that we have an all-digit variable, ${"1foo"} fails
1305 /* This snippet is taken from is_gv_magical */
1306 const char *end = name + len;
1307 while (--end > name) {
1308 if (!isDIGIT(*end)) return gv;
1315 /* Names of length 1. (Or 0. But name is NUL terminated, so that will
1316 be case '\0' in this switch statement (ie a default case) */
1322 sv_type == SVt_PVAV ||
1323 sv_type == SVt_PVHV ||
1324 sv_type == SVt_PVCV ||
1325 sv_type == SVt_PVFM ||
1328 PL_sawampersand = TRUE;
1332 sv_setpv(GvSVn(gv),PL_chopset);
1336 #ifdef COMPLEX_STATUS
1337 SvUPGRADE(GvSVn(gv), SVt_PVLV);
1343 /* If %! has been used, automatically load Errno.pm. */
1345 sv_magic(GvSVn(gv), (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, len);
1347 /* magicalization must be done before require_tie_mod is called */
1348 if (sv_type == SVt_PVHV || sv_type == SVt_PVGV)
1349 require_tie_mod(gv, "!", newSVpvs("Errno"), "TIEHASH", 1);
1354 GvMULTI_on(gv); /* no used once warnings here */
1356 AV* const av = GvAVn(gv);
1357 SV* const avc = (*name == '+') ? (SV*)av : NULL;
1359 sv_magic((SV*)av, avc, PERL_MAGIC_regdata, NULL, 0);
1360 sv_magic(GvSVn(gv), (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, len);
1362 SvREADONLY_on(GvSVn(gv));
1365 if (sv_type == SVt_PVHV || sv_type == SVt_PVGV)
1366 require_tie_mod(gv, name, newSVpvs("Tie::Hash::NamedCapture"), "TIEHASH", 0);
1372 if (sv_type == SVt_PV && ckWARN2_d(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX))
1373 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX),
1374 "$%c is no longer supported", *name);
1377 sv_setiv(GvSVn(gv), (IV)(IoFLAGS(GvIOp(PL_defoutgv)) & IOf_FLUSH) != 0);
1380 case '\010': /* $^H */
1382 HV *const hv = GvHVn(gv);
1383 hv_magic(hv, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_hints);
1386 case '\023': /* $^S */
1388 SvREADONLY_on(GvSVn(gv));
1412 case '\001': /* $^A */
1413 case '\003': /* $^C */
1414 case '\004': /* $^D */
1415 case '\005': /* $^E */
1416 case '\006': /* $^F */
1417 case '\011': /* $^I, NOT \t in EBCDIC */
1418 case '\016': /* $^N */
1419 case '\017': /* $^O */
1420 case '\020': /* $^P */
1421 case '\024': /* $^T */
1422 case '\027': /* $^W */
1424 sv_magic(GvSVn(gv), (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, len);
1427 case '\014': /* $^L */
1428 sv_setpvn(GvSVn(gv),"\f",1);
1429 PL_formfeed = GvSVn(gv);
1432 sv_setpvn(GvSVn(gv),"\034",1);
1436 SV * const sv = GvSVn(gv);
1437 if (!sv_derived_from(PL_patchlevel, "version"))
1438 upg_version(PL_patchlevel, TRUE);
1439 GvSV(gv) = vnumify(PL_patchlevel);
1440 SvREADONLY_on(GvSV(gv));
1444 case '\026': /* $^V */
1446 SV * const sv = GvSVn(gv);
1447 GvSV(gv) = new_version(PL_patchlevel);
1448 SvREADONLY_on(GvSV(gv));
1458 Perl_gv_fullname4(pTHX_ SV *sv, const GV *gv, const char *prefix, bool keepmain)
1462 const HV * const hv = GvSTASH(gv);
1464 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FULLNAME4;
1470 sv_setpv(sv, prefix ? prefix : "");
1472 name = HvNAME_get(hv);
1474 namelen = HvNAMELEN_get(hv);
1480 if (keepmain || strNE(name, "main")) {
1481 sv_catpvn(sv,name,namelen);
1484 sv_catpvn(sv,GvNAME(gv),GvNAMELEN(gv));
1488 Perl_gv_efullname4(pTHX_ SV *sv, const GV *gv, const char *prefix, bool keepmain)
1490 const GV * const egv = GvEGV(gv);
1492 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_EFULLNAME4;
1494 gv_fullname4(sv, egv ? egv : gv, prefix, keepmain);
1502 IO * const io = (IO*)newSV_type(SVt_PVIO);
1503 /* This used to read SvREFCNT(io) = 1;
1504 It's not clear why the reference count needed an explicit reset. NWC
1506 assert (SvREFCNT(io) == 1);
1508 /* Clear the stashcache because a new IO could overrule a package name */
1509 hv_clear(PL_stashcache);
1510 iogv = gv_fetchpvs("FileHandle::", 0, SVt_PVHV);
1511 /* unless exists($main::{FileHandle}) and defined(%main::FileHandle::) */
1512 if (!(iogv && GvHV(iogv) && HvARRAY(GvHV(iogv))))
1513 iogv = gv_fetchpvs("IO::Handle::", GV_ADD, SVt_PVHV);
1514 SvSTASH_set(io, (HV*)SvREFCNT_inc(GvHV(iogv)));
1519 Perl_gv_check(pTHX_ const HV *stash)
1524 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_CHECK;
1526 if (!HvARRAY(stash))
1528 for (i = 0; i <= (I32) HvMAX(stash); i++) {
1530 for (entry = HvARRAY(stash)[i]; entry; entry = HeNEXT(entry)) {
1533 if (HeKEY(entry)[HeKLEN(entry)-1] == ':' &&
1534 (gv = (GV*)HeVAL(entry)) && isGV(gv) && (hv = GvHV(gv)))
1536 if (hv != PL_defstash && hv != stash)
1537 gv_check(hv); /* nested package */
1539 else if (isALPHA(*HeKEY(entry))) {
1541 gv = (GV*)HeVAL(entry);
1542 if (SvTYPE(gv) != SVt_PVGV || GvMULTI(gv))
1545 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, GvLINE(gv));
1547 CopFILE(PL_curcop) = (char *)file; /* set for warning */
1549 CopFILEGV(PL_curcop)
1550 = gv_fetchfile_flags(file, HEK_LEN(GvFILE_HEK(gv)), 0);
1552 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_ONCE),
1553 "Name \"%s::%s\" used only once: possible typo",
1554 HvNAME_get(stash), GvNAME(gv));
1561 Perl_newGVgen(pTHX_ const char *pack)
1565 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_NEWGVGEN;
1567 return gv_fetchpv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "%s::_GEN_%ld", pack, (long)PL_gensym++),
1571 /* hopefully this is only called on local symbol table entries */
1574 Perl_gp_ref(pTHX_ GP *gp)
1582 /* If the GP they asked for a reference to contains
1583 a method cache entry, clear it first, so that we
1584 don't infect them with our cached entry */
1585 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_cv);
1594 Perl_gp_free(pTHX_ GV *gv)
1599 if (!gv || !isGV_with_GP(gv) || !(gp = GvGP(gv)))
1601 if (gp->gp_refcnt == 0) {
1602 if (ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL))
1603 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
1604 "Attempt to free unreferenced glob pointers"
1605 pTHX__FORMAT pTHX__VALUE);
1608 if (--gp->gp_refcnt > 0) {
1609 if (gp->gp_egv == gv)
1615 if (gp->gp_file_hek)
1616 unshare_hek(gp->gp_file_hek);
1617 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_sv);
1618 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_av);
1619 /* FIXME - another reference loop GV -> symtab -> GV ?
1620 Somehow gp->gp_hv can end up pointing at freed garbage. */
1621 if (gp->gp_hv && SvTYPE(gp->gp_hv) == SVt_PVHV) {
1622 const char *hvname = HvNAME_get(gp->gp_hv);
1623 if (PL_stashcache && hvname)
1624 (void)hv_delete(PL_stashcache, hvname, HvNAMELEN_get(gp->gp_hv),
1626 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_hv);
1628 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_io);
1629 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_cv);
1630 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_form);
1637 Perl_magic_freeovrld(pTHX_ SV *sv, MAGIC *mg)
1639 AMT * const amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr;
1640 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(sv);
1642 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_MAGIC_FREEOVRLD;
1644 if (amtp && AMT_AMAGIC(amtp)) {
1646 for (i = 1; i < NofAMmeth; i++) {
1647 CV * const cv = amtp->table[i];
1649 SvREFCNT_dec((SV *) cv);
1650 amtp->table[i] = NULL;
1657 /* Updates and caches the CV's */
1660 Perl_Gv_AMupdate(pTHX_ HV *stash)
1663 MAGIC* const mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1665 const struct mro_meta* stash_meta = HvMROMETA(stash);
1668 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_AMUPDATE;
1670 newgen = PL_sub_generation + stash_meta->pkg_gen + stash_meta->cache_gen;
1672 const AMT * const amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr;
1673 if (amtp->was_ok_am == PL_amagic_generation
1674 && amtp->was_ok_sub == newgen) {
1675 return (bool)AMT_OVERLOADED(amtp);
1677 sv_unmagic((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1680 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Recalcing overload magic in package %s\n",HvNAME_get(stash)) );
1683 amt.was_ok_am = PL_amagic_generation;
1684 amt.was_ok_sub = newgen;
1685 amt.fallback = AMGfallNO;
1689 int filled = 0, have_ovl = 0;
1692 /* Work with "fallback" key, which we assume to be first in PL_AMG_names */
1694 /* Try to find via inheritance. */
1695 GV *gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, PL_AMG_names[0], 2, -1);
1696 SV * const sv = gv ? GvSV(gv) : NULL;
1700 lim = DESTROY_amg; /* Skip overloading entries. */
1701 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
1703 NOOP; /* Equivalent to !SvTRUE and !SvOK */
1706 else if (SvTRUE(sv))
1707 amt.fallback=AMGfallYES;
1709 amt.fallback=AMGfallNEVER;
1711 for (i = 1; i < lim; i++)
1712 amt.table[i] = NULL;
1713 for (; i < NofAMmeth; i++) {
1714 const char * const cooky = PL_AMG_names[i];
1715 /* Human-readable form, for debugging: */
1716 const char * const cp = (i >= DESTROY_amg ? cooky : AMG_id2name(i));
1717 const STRLEN l = PL_AMG_namelens[i];
1719 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Checking overloading of \"%s\" in package \"%.256s\"\n",
1720 cp, HvNAME_get(stash)) );
1721 /* don't fill the cache while looking up!
1722 Creation of inheritance stubs in intermediate packages may
1723 conflict with the logic of runtime method substitution.
1724 Indeed, for inheritance A -> B -> C, if C overloads "+0",
1725 then we could have created stubs for "(+0" in A and C too.
1726 But if B overloads "bool", we may want to use it for
1727 numifying instead of C's "+0". */
1728 if (i >= DESTROY_amg)
1729 gv = Perl_gv_fetchmeth_autoload(aTHX_ stash, cooky, l, 0);
1730 else /* Autoload taken care of below */
1731 gv = Perl_gv_fetchmeth(aTHX_ stash, cooky, l, -1);
1733 if (gv && (cv = GvCV(gv))) {
1735 if (GvNAMELEN(CvGV(cv)) == 3 && strEQ(GvNAME(CvGV(cv)), "nil")
1736 && strEQ(hvname = HvNAME_get(GvSTASH(CvGV(cv))), "overload")) {
1737 /* This is a hack to support autoloading..., while
1738 knowing *which* methods were declared as overloaded. */
1739 /* GvSV contains the name of the method. */
1741 SV *gvsv = GvSV(gv);
1743 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Resolving method \"%"SVf256\
1744 "\" for overloaded \"%s\" in package \"%.256s\"\n",
1745 (void*)GvSV(gv), cp, hvname) );
1746 if (!gvsv || !SvPOK(gvsv)
1747 || !(ngv = gv_fetchmethod_autoload(stash, SvPVX_const(gvsv),
1750 /* Can be an import stub (created by "can"). */
1751 const char * const name = (gvsv && SvPOK(gvsv)) ? SvPVX_const(gvsv) : "???";
1752 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s method \"%.256s\" overloading \"%s\" "\
1753 "in package \"%.256s\"",
1754 (GvCVGEN(gv) ? "Stub found while resolving"
1758 cv = GvCV(gv = ngv);
1760 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Overloading \"%s\" in package \"%.256s\" via \"%.256s::%.256s\"\n",
1761 cp, HvNAME_get(stash), HvNAME_get(GvSTASH(CvGV(cv))),
1762 GvNAME(CvGV(cv))) );
1764 if (i < DESTROY_amg)
1766 } else if (gv) { /* Autoloaded... */
1770 amt.table[i]=(CV*)SvREFCNT_inc_simple(cv);
1773 AMT_AMAGIC_on(&amt);
1775 AMT_OVERLOADED_on(&amt);
1776 sv_magic((SV*)stash, 0, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table,
1777 (char*)&amt, sizeof(AMT));
1781 /* Here we have no table: */
1783 AMT_AMAGIC_off(&amt);
1784 sv_magic((SV*)stash, 0, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table,
1785 (char*)&amt, sizeof(AMTS));
1791 Perl_gv_handler(pTHX_ HV *stash, I32 id)
1797 struct mro_meta* stash_meta;
1799 if (!stash || !HvNAME_get(stash))
1802 stash_meta = HvMROMETA(stash);
1803 newgen = PL_sub_generation + stash_meta->pkg_gen + stash_meta->cache_gen;
1805 mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1809 mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1812 amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr;
1813 if ( amtp->was_ok_am != PL_amagic_generation
1814 || amtp->was_ok_sub != newgen )
1816 if (AMT_AMAGIC(amtp)) {
1817 CV * const ret = amtp->table[id];
1818 if (ret && isGV(ret)) { /* Autoloading stab */
1819 /* Passing it through may have resulted in a warning
1820 "Inherited AUTOLOAD for a non-method deprecated", since
1821 our caller is going through a function call, not a method call.
1822 So return the CV for AUTOLOAD, setting $AUTOLOAD. */
1823 GV * const gv = gv_fetchmethod(stash, PL_AMG_names[id]);
1836 Perl_amagic_call(pTHX_ SV *left, SV *right, int method, int flags)
1841 CV **cvp=NULL, **ocvp=NULL;
1842 AMT *amtp=NULL, *oamtp=NULL;
1843 int off = 0, off1, lr = 0, notfound = 0;
1844 int postpr = 0, force_cpy = 0;
1845 int assign = AMGf_assign & flags;
1846 const int assignshift = assign ? 1 : 0;
1852 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_AMAGIC_CALL;
1854 if (!(AMGf_noleft & flags) && SvAMAGIC(left)
1855 && (stash = SvSTASH(SvRV(left)))
1856 && (mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table))
1857 && (ocvp = cvp = (AMT_AMAGIC((AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)
1858 ? (oamtp = amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)->table
1860 && ((cv = cvp[off=method+assignshift])
1861 || (assign && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER && /* fallback to
1867 cv = cvp[off=method])))) {
1868 lr = -1; /* Call method for left argument */
1870 if (cvp && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER && flags & AMGf_unary) {
1873 /* look for substituted methods */
1874 /* In all the covered cases we should be called with assign==0. */
1878 if ((cv = cvp[off=add_ass_amg])
1879 || ((cv = cvp[off = add_amg]) && (force_cpy = 0, postpr = 1))) {
1880 right = &PL_sv_yes; lr = -1; assign = 1;
1885 if ((cv = cvp[off = subtr_ass_amg])
1886 || ((cv = cvp[off = subtr_amg]) && (force_cpy = 0, postpr=1))) {
1887 right = &PL_sv_yes; lr = -1; assign = 1;
1891 (void)((cv = cvp[off=numer_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=string_amg]));
1894 (void)((cv = cvp[off=string_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=bool__amg]));
1897 (void)((cv = cvp[off=numer_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=bool__amg]));
1900 (void)((cv = cvp[off=bool__amg])
1901 || (cv = cvp[off=numer_amg])
1902 || (cv = cvp[off=string_amg]));
1908 * SV* ref causes confusion with the interpreter variable of
1911 SV* const tmpRef=SvRV(left);
1912 if (!SvROK(tmpRef) && SvTYPE(tmpRef) <= SVt_PVMG) {
1914 * Just to be extra cautious. Maybe in some
1915 * additional cases sv_setsv is safe, too.
1917 SV* const newref = newSVsv(tmpRef);
1918 SvOBJECT_on(newref);
1919 /* As a bit of a source compatibility hack, SvAMAGIC() and
1920 friends dereference an RV, to behave the same was as when
1921 overloading was stored on the reference, not the referant.
1922 Hence we can't use SvAMAGIC_on()
1924 SvFLAGS(newref) |= SVf_AMAGIC;
1925 SvSTASH_set(newref, (HV*)SvREFCNT_inc(SvSTASH(tmpRef)));
1931 if ((cvp[off1=lt_amg] || cvp[off1=ncmp_amg])
1932 && ((cv = cvp[off=neg_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=subtr_amg]))) {
1933 SV* const nullsv=sv_2mortal(newSViv(0));
1935 SV* const lessp = amagic_call(left,nullsv,
1936 lt_amg,AMGf_noright);
1937 logic = SvTRUE(lessp);
1939 SV* const lessp = amagic_call(left,nullsv,
1940 ncmp_amg,AMGf_noright);
1941 logic = (SvNV(lessp) < 0);
1944 if (off==subtr_amg) {
1955 if ((cv = cvp[off=subtr_amg])) {
1957 left = sv_2mortal(newSViv(0));
1962 case iter_amg: /* XXXX Eventually should do to_gv. */
1964 return NULL; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
1972 return left; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
1977 if (!cv) goto not_found;
1978 } else if (!(AMGf_noright & flags) && SvAMAGIC(right)
1979 && (stash = SvSTASH(SvRV(right)))
1980 && (mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table))
1981 && (cvp = (AMT_AMAGIC((AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)
1982 ? (amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)->table
1984 && (cv = cvp[off=method])) { /* Method for right
1987 } else if (((ocvp && oamtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER
1988 && (cvp=ocvp) && (lr = -1))
1989 || (cvp && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER && (lr=1)))
1990 && !(flags & AMGf_unary)) {
1991 /* We look for substitution for
1992 * comparison operations and
1994 if (method==concat_amg || method==concat_ass_amg
1995 || method==repeat_amg || method==repeat_ass_amg) {
1996 return NULL; /* Delegate operation to string conversion */
2006 postpr = 1; off=ncmp_amg; break;
2013 postpr = 1; off=scmp_amg; break;
2015 if (off != -1) cv = cvp[off];
2020 not_found: /* No method found, either report or croak */
2041 return left; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
2044 if (ocvp && (cv=ocvp[nomethod_amg])) { /* Call report method */
2045 notfound = 1; lr = -1;
2046 } else if (cvp && (cv=cvp[nomethod_amg])) {
2047 notfound = 1; lr = 1;
2048 } else if ((amtp && amtp->fallback >= AMGfallYES) && !DEBUG_o_TEST) {
2049 /* Skip generating the "no method found" message. */
2053 if (off==-1) off=method;
2054 msg = sv_2mortal(Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_
2055 "Operation \"%s\": no method found,%sargument %s%s%s%s",
2056 AMG_id2name(method + assignshift),
2057 (flags & AMGf_unary ? " " : "\n\tleft "),
2059 "in overloaded package ":
2060 "has no overloaded magic",
2062 HvNAME_get(SvSTASH(SvRV(left))):
2065 ",\n\tright argument in overloaded package ":
2068 : ",\n\tright argument has no overloaded magic"),
2070 HvNAME_get(SvSTASH(SvRV(right))):
2072 if (amtp && amtp->fallback >= AMGfallYES) {
2073 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "%s", SvPVX_const(msg)) );
2075 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%"SVf, SVfARG(msg));
2079 force_cpy = force_cpy || assign;
2084 DEBUG_o(Perl_deb(aTHX_
2085 "Overloaded operator \"%s\"%s%s%s:\n\tmethod%s found%s in package %s%s\n",
2087 method+assignshift==off? "" :
2089 method+assignshift==off? "" :
2090 AMG_id2name(method+assignshift),
2091 method+assignshift==off? "" : "\")",
2092 flags & AMGf_unary? "" :
2093 lr==1 ? " for right argument": " for left argument",
2094 flags & AMGf_unary? " for argument" : "",
2095 stash ? HvNAME_get(stash) : "null",
2096 fl? ",\n\tassignment variant used": "") );
2099 /* Since we use shallow copy during assignment, we need
2100 * to dublicate the contents, probably calling user-supplied
2101 * version of copy operator
2103 /* We need to copy in following cases:
2104 * a) Assignment form was called.
2105 * assignshift==1, assign==T, method + 1 == off
2106 * b) Increment or decrement, called directly.
2107 * assignshift==0, assign==0, method + 0 == off
2108 * c) Increment or decrement, translated to assignment add/subtr.
2109 * assignshift==0, assign==T,
2111 * d) Increment or decrement, translated to nomethod.
2112 * assignshift==0, assign==0,
2114 * e) Assignment form translated to nomethod.
2115 * assignshift==1, assign==T, method + 1 != off
2118 /* off is method, method+assignshift, or a result of opcode substitution.
2119 * In the latter case assignshift==0, so only notfound case is important.
2121 if (( (method + assignshift == off)
2122 && (assign || (method == inc_amg) || (method == dec_amg)))
2129 const bool oldcatch = CATCH_GET;
2132 Zero(&myop, 1, BINOP);
2133 myop.op_last = (OP *) &myop;
2134 myop.op_next = NULL;
2135 myop.op_flags = OPf_WANT_SCALAR | OPf_STACKED;
2137 PUSHSTACKi(PERLSI_OVERLOAD);
2140 PL_op = (OP *) &myop;
2141 if (PERLDB_SUB && PL_curstash != PL_debstash)
2142 PL_op->op_private |= OPpENTERSUB_DB;
2146 EXTEND(SP, notfound + 5);
2147 PUSHs(lr>0? right: left);
2148 PUSHs(lr>0? left: right);
2149 PUSHs( lr > 0 ? &PL_sv_yes : ( assign ? &PL_sv_undef : &PL_sv_no ));
2151 PUSHs(newSVpvn_flags(AMG_id2name(method + assignshift),
2152 AMG_id2namelen(method + assignshift), SVs_TEMP));
2157 if ((PL_op = Perl_pp_entersub(aTHX)))
2165 CATCH_SET(oldcatch);
2172 ans=SvIV(res)<=0; break;
2175 ans=SvIV(res)<0; break;
2178 ans=SvIV(res)>=0; break;
2181 ans=SvIV(res)>0; break;
2184 ans=SvIV(res)==0; break;
2187 ans=SvIV(res)!=0; break;
2190 SvSetSV(left,res); return left;
2192 ans=!SvTRUE(res); break;
2197 } else if (method==copy_amg) {
2199 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Copy method did not return a reference");
2201 return SvREFCNT_inc(SvRV(res));
2209 =for apidoc is_gv_magical_sv
2211 Returns C<TRUE> if given the name of a magical GV. Calls is_gv_magical.
2217 Perl_is_gv_magical_sv(pTHX_ SV *name, U32 flags)
2220 const char * const temp = SvPV_const(name, len);
2222 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_IS_GV_MAGICAL_SV;
2224 return is_gv_magical(temp, len, flags);
2228 =for apidoc is_gv_magical
2230 Returns C<TRUE> if given the name of a magical GV.
2232 Currently only useful internally when determining if a GV should be
2233 created even in rvalue contexts.
2235 C<flags> is not used at present but available for future extension to
2236 allow selecting particular classes of magical variable.
2238 Currently assumes that C<name> is NUL terminated (as well as len being valid).
2239 This assumption is met by all callers within the perl core, which all pass
2240 pointers returned by SvPV.
2245 Perl_is_gv_magical(pTHX_ const char *name, STRLEN len, U32 flags)
2247 PERL_UNUSED_CONTEXT;
2248 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(flags);
2250 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_IS_GV_MAGICAL;
2253 const char * const name1 = name + 1;
2256 if (len == 3 && name[1] == 'S' && name[2] == 'A')
2260 if (len == 8 && strEQ(name1, "VERLOAD"))
2264 if (len == 3 && name[1] == 'I' && name[2] == 'G')
2267 /* Using ${^...} variables is likely to be sufficiently rare that
2268 it seems sensible to avoid the space hit of also checking the
2270 case '\017': /* ${^OPEN} */
2271 if (strEQ(name1, "PEN"))
2274 case '\024': /* ${^TAINT} */
2275 if (strEQ(name1, "AINT"))
2278 case '\025': /* ${^UNICODE} */
2279 if (strEQ(name1, "NICODE"))
2281 if (strEQ(name1, "TF8LOCALE"))
2284 case '\027': /* ${^WARNING_BITS} */
2285 if (strEQ(name1, "ARNING_BITS"))
2298 const char *end = name + len;
2299 while (--end > name) {
2307 /* Because we're already assuming that name is NUL terminated
2308 below, we can treat an empty name as "\0" */
2335 case '\001': /* $^A */
2336 case '\003': /* $^C */
2337 case '\004': /* $^D */
2338 case '\005': /* $^E */
2339 case '\006': /* $^F */
2340 case '\010': /* $^H */
2341 case '\011': /* $^I, NOT \t in EBCDIC */
2342 case '\014': /* $^L */
2343 case '\016': /* $^N */
2344 case '\017': /* $^O */
2345 case '\020': /* $^P */
2346 case '\023': /* $^S */
2347 case '\024': /* $^T */
2348 case '\026': /* $^V */
2349 case '\027': /* $^W */
2369 Perl_gv_name_set(pTHX_ GV *gv, const char *name, U32 len, U32 flags)
2374 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_NAME_SET;
2375 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(flags);
2378 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: gv name too long (%"UVuf")", (UV) len);
2380 if (!(flags & GV_ADD) && GvNAME_HEK(gv)) {
2381 unshare_hek(GvNAME_HEK(gv));
2384 PERL_HASH(hash, name, len);
2385 GvNAME_HEK(gv) = share_hek(name, len, hash);
2390 * c-indentation-style: bsd
2392 * indent-tabs-mode: t
2395 * ex: set ts=8 sts=4 sw=4 noet: