3 * Copyright (C) 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
4 * 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, by Larry Wall and others
6 * You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
7 * License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
12 * 'Mercy!' cried Gandalf. 'If the giving of information is to be the cure
13 * of your inquisitiveness, I shall spend all the rest of my days answering
14 * you. What more do you want to know?'
15 * 'The names of all the stars, and of all living things, and the whole
16 * history of Middle-earth and Over-heaven and of the Sundering Seas,'
23 A GV is a structure which corresponds to to a Perl typeglob, ie *foo.
24 It is a structure that holds a pointer to a scalar, an array, a hash etc,
25 corresponding to $foo, @foo, %foo.
27 GVs are usually found as values in stashes (symbol table hashes) where
28 Perl stores its global variables.
37 static const char S_autoload[] = "AUTOLOAD";
38 static const STRLEN S_autolen = sizeof(S_autoload)-1;
41 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
43 Perl_gv_SVadd(pTHX_ GV *gv)
45 if (!gv || SvTYPE((SV*)gv) != SVt_PVGV)
46 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for scalar");
54 Perl_gv_AVadd(pTHX_ register GV *gv)
56 if (!gv || SvTYPE((SV*)gv) != SVt_PVGV)
57 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for array");
64 Perl_gv_HVadd(pTHX_ register GV *gv)
66 if (!gv || SvTYPE((SV*)gv) != SVt_PVGV)
67 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for hash");
74 Perl_gv_IOadd(pTHX_ register GV *gv)
77 if (!gv || SvTYPE((SV*)gv) != SVt_PVGV) {
80 * if it walks like a dirhandle, then let's assume that
81 * this is a dirhandle.
83 const char * const fh =
84 PL_op->op_type == OP_READDIR ||
85 PL_op->op_type == OP_TELLDIR ||
86 PL_op->op_type == OP_SEEKDIR ||
87 PL_op->op_type == OP_REWINDDIR ||
88 PL_op->op_type == OP_CLOSEDIR ?
89 "dirhandle" : "filehandle";
90 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for %s", fh);
94 #ifdef GV_UNIQUE_CHECK
96 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for filehandle (GV is unique)");
105 Perl_gv_fetchfile(pTHX_ const char *name)
116 tmplen = strlen(name) + 2;
117 if (tmplen < sizeof smallbuf)
120 Newx(tmpbuf, tmplen + 1, char);
121 /* This is where the debugger's %{"::_<$filename"} hash is created */
124 memcpy(tmpbuf + 2, name, tmplen - 1);
125 gv = *(GV**)hv_fetch(PL_defstash, tmpbuf, tmplen, TRUE);
127 gv_init(gv, PL_defstash, tmpbuf, tmplen, FALSE);
128 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
129 GvSV(gv) = newSVpvn(name, tmplen - 2);
131 sv_setpvn(GvSV(gv), name, tmplen - 2);
134 hv_magic(GvHVn(gv_AVadd(gv)), NULL, PERL_MAGIC_dbfile);
136 if (tmpbuf != smallbuf)
142 =for apidoc gv_const_sv
144 If C<gv> is a typeglob whose subroutine entry is a constant sub eligible for
145 inlining, or C<gv> is a placeholder reference that would be promoted to such
146 a typeglob, then returns the value returned by the sub. Otherwise, returns
153 Perl_gv_const_sv(pTHX_ GV *gv)
155 if (SvTYPE(gv) == SVt_PVGV)
156 return cv_const_sv(GvCVu(gv));
157 return SvROK(gv) ? SvRV(gv) : NULL;
161 Perl_newGP(pTHX_ GV *const gv)
164 const char *const file = CopFILE(PL_curcop) ? CopFILE(PL_curcop) : "";
165 STRLEN len = strlen(file);
168 PERL_HASH(hash, file, len);
172 #ifndef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
173 gp->gv_sv = newSV(0);
176 gp->gp_line = CopLINE(PL_curcop);
177 /* XXX Ideally this cast would be replaced with a change to const char*
179 gp->gp_file_hek = share_hek(file, len, hash);
187 Perl_gv_init(pTHX_ GV *gv, HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, int multi)
190 const U32 old_type = SvTYPE(gv);
191 const bool doproto = old_type > SVt_NULL;
192 const char * const proto = (doproto && SvPOK(gv)) ? SvPVX_const(gv) : NULL;
193 SV *const has_constant = doproto && SvROK(gv) ? SvRV(gv) : NULL;
195 assert (!(proto && has_constant));
198 /* The constant has to be a simple scalar type. */
199 switch (SvTYPE(has_constant)) {
205 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Cannot convert a reference to %s to typeglob",
206 sv_reftype(has_constant, 0));
214 if (old_type < SVt_PVGV) {
215 if (old_type >= SVt_PV)
217 sv_upgrade((SV*)gv, SVt_PVGV);
225 Safefree(SvPVX_mutable(gv));
229 GvGP(gv) = Perl_newGP(aTHX_ gv);
232 Perl_sv_add_backref(aTHX_ (SV*)stash, (SV*)gv);
233 gv_name_set(gv, name, len, GV_ADD);
234 if (multi || doproto) /* doproto means it _was_ mentioned */
236 if (doproto) { /* Replicate part of newSUB here. */
240 /* newCONSTSUB takes ownership of the reference from us. */
241 GvCV(gv) = newCONSTSUB(stash, name, has_constant);
243 /* XXX unsafe for threads if eval_owner isn't held */
244 (void) start_subparse(0,0); /* Create empty CV in compcv. */
245 GvCV(gv) = PL_compcv;
251 CvFILE_set_from_cop(GvCV(gv), PL_curcop);
252 CvSTASH(GvCV(gv)) = PL_curstash;
254 sv_setpv((SV*)GvCV(gv), proto);
261 S_gv_init_sv(pTHX_ GV *gv, I32 sv_type)
273 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
286 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth
288 Returns the glob with the given C<name> and a defined subroutine or
289 C<NULL>. The glob lives in the given C<stash>, or in the stashes
290 accessible via @ISA and UNIVERSAL::.
292 The argument C<level> should be either 0 or -1. If C<level==0>, as a
293 side-effect creates a glob with the given C<name> in the given C<stash>
294 which in the case of success contains an alias for the subroutine, and sets
295 up caching info for this glob. Similarly for all the searched stashes.
297 This function grants C<"SUPER"> token as a postfix of the stash name. The
298 GV returned from C<gv_fetchmeth> may be a method cache entry, which is not
299 visible to Perl code. So when calling C<call_sv>, you should not use
300 the GV directly; instead, you should use the method's CV, which can be
301 obtained from the GV with the C<GvCV> macro.
307 Perl_gv_fetchmeth(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, I32 level)
317 /* UNIVERSAL methods should be callable without a stash */
319 level = -1; /* probably appropriate */
320 if(!(stash = gv_stashpvs("UNIVERSAL", FALSE)))
324 hvname = HvNAME_get(stash);
327 "Can't use anonymous symbol table for method lookup");
329 if ((level > 100) || (level < -100))
330 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Recursive inheritance detected while looking for method '%s' in package '%s'",
333 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Looking for method %s in package %s\n",name,hvname) );
335 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash, name, len, (level >= 0));
340 if (SvTYPE(topgv) != SVt_PVGV)
341 gv_init(topgv, stash, name, len, TRUE);
342 if ((cv = GvCV(topgv))) {
343 /* If genuine method or valid cache entry, use it */
344 if (!GvCVGEN(topgv) || GvCVGEN(topgv) == PL_sub_generation)
346 /* Stale cached entry: junk it */
348 GvCV(topgv) = cv = NULL;
351 else if (GvCVGEN(topgv) == PL_sub_generation)
352 return 0; /* cache indicates sub doesn't exist */
355 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetchs(stash, "ISA", FALSE);
356 av = (gvp && (gv = *gvp) && gv != (GV*)&PL_sv_undef) ? GvAV(gv) : NULL;
358 /* create and re-create @.*::SUPER::ISA on demand */
359 if (!av || !SvMAGIC(av)) {
360 STRLEN packlen = HvNAMELEN_get(stash);
362 if (packlen >= 7 && strEQ(hvname + packlen - 7, "::SUPER")) {
366 basestash = gv_stashpvn(hvname, packlen, TRUE);
367 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetchs(basestash, "ISA", FALSE);
368 if (gvp && (gv = *gvp) != (GV*)&PL_sv_undef && (av = GvAV(gv))) {
369 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetchs(stash, "ISA", TRUE);
370 if (!gvp || !(gv = *gvp))
371 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Cannot create %s::ISA", hvname);
372 if (SvTYPE(gv) != SVt_PVGV)
373 gv_init(gv, stash, "ISA", 3, TRUE);
374 SvREFCNT_dec(GvAV(gv));
375 GvAV(gv) = (AV*)SvREFCNT_inc_simple(av);
381 SV** svp = AvARRAY(av);
382 /* NOTE: No support for tied ISA */
383 I32 items = AvFILLp(av) + 1;
385 SV* const sv = *svp++;
386 HV* const basestash = gv_stashsv(sv, FALSE);
388 if (ckWARN(WARN_MISC))
389 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_MISC), "Can't locate package %"SVf" for @%s::ISA",
393 gv = gv_fetchmeth(basestash, name, len,
394 (level >= 0) ? level + 1 : level - 1);
400 /* if at top level, try UNIVERSAL */
402 if (level == 0 || level == -1) {
403 HV* const lastchance = gv_stashpvs("UNIVERSAL", FALSE);
406 if ((gv = gv_fetchmeth(lastchance, name, len,
407 (level >= 0) ? level + 1 : level - 1)))
411 * Cache method in topgv if:
412 * 1. topgv has no synonyms (else inheritance crosses wires)
413 * 2. method isn't a stub (else AUTOLOAD fails spectacularly)
416 GvREFCNT(topgv) == 1 &&
418 (CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv)))
420 if ((cv = GvCV(topgv)))
422 GvCV(topgv) = (CV*)SvREFCNT_inc(GvCV(gv));
423 GvCVGEN(topgv) = PL_sub_generation;
427 else if (topgv && GvREFCNT(topgv) == 1) {
428 /* cache the fact that the method is not defined */
429 GvCVGEN(topgv) = PL_sub_generation;
438 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth_autoload
440 Same as gv_fetchmeth(), but looks for autoloaded subroutines too.
441 Returns a glob for the subroutine.
443 For an autoloaded subroutine without a GV, will create a GV even
444 if C<level < 0>. For an autoloaded subroutine without a stub, GvCV()
445 of the result may be zero.
451 Perl_gv_fetchmeth_autoload(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, I32 level)
453 GV *gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, name, len, level);
460 return NULL; /* UNIVERSAL::AUTOLOAD could cause trouble */
461 if (len == S_autolen && strnEQ(name, S_autoload, S_autolen))
463 if (!(gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, S_autoload, S_autolen, FALSE)))
466 if (!(CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv)))
468 /* Have an autoload */
469 if (level < 0) /* Cannot do without a stub */
470 gv_fetchmeth(stash, name, len, 0);
471 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash, name, len, (level >= 0));
480 =for apidoc gv_fetchmethod_autoload
482 Returns the glob which contains the subroutine to call to invoke the method
483 on the C<stash>. In fact in the presence of autoloading this may be the
484 glob for "AUTOLOAD". In this case the corresponding variable $AUTOLOAD is
487 The third parameter of C<gv_fetchmethod_autoload> determines whether
488 AUTOLOAD lookup is performed if the given method is not present: non-zero
489 means yes, look for AUTOLOAD; zero means no, don't look for AUTOLOAD.
490 Calling C<gv_fetchmethod> is equivalent to calling C<gv_fetchmethod_autoload>
491 with a non-zero C<autoload> parameter.
493 These functions grant C<"SUPER"> token as a prefix of the method name. Note
494 that if you want to keep the returned glob for a long time, you need to
495 check for it being "AUTOLOAD", since at the later time the call may load a
496 different subroutine due to $AUTOLOAD changing its value. Use the glob
497 created via a side effect to do this.
499 These functions have the same side-effects and as C<gv_fetchmeth> with
500 C<level==0>. C<name> should be writable if contains C<':'> or C<'
501 ''>. The warning against passing the GV returned by C<gv_fetchmeth> to
502 C<call_sv> apply equally to these functions.
508 Perl_gv_fetchmethod_autoload(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, I32 autoload)
511 register const char *nend;
512 const char *nsplit = NULL;
516 if (stash && SvTYPE(stash) < SVt_PVHV)
519 for (nend = name; *nend; nend++) {
522 else if (*nend == ':' && *(nend + 1) == ':')
526 const char * const origname = name;
530 if ((nsplit - origname) == 5 && strnEQ(origname, "SUPER", 5)) {
531 /* ->SUPER::method should really be looked up in original stash */
532 SV * const tmpstr = sv_2mortal(Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_ "%s::SUPER",
533 CopSTASHPV(PL_curcop)));
534 /* __PACKAGE__::SUPER stash should be autovivified */
535 stash = gv_stashpvn(SvPVX_const(tmpstr), SvCUR(tmpstr), TRUE);
536 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Treating %s as %s::%s\n",
537 origname, HvNAME_get(stash), name) );
540 /* don't autovifify if ->NoSuchStash::method */
541 stash = gv_stashpvn(origname, nsplit - origname, FALSE);
543 /* however, explicit calls to Pkg::SUPER::method may
544 happen, and may require autovivification to work */
545 if (!stash && (nsplit - origname) >= 7 &&
546 strnEQ(nsplit - 7, "::SUPER", 7) &&
547 gv_stashpvn(origname, nsplit - origname - 7, FALSE))
548 stash = gv_stashpvn(origname, nsplit - origname, TRUE);
553 gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, name, nend - name, 0);
555 if (strEQ(name,"import") || strEQ(name,"unimport"))
556 gv = (GV*)&PL_sv_yes;
558 gv = gv_autoload4(ostash, name, nend - name, TRUE);
561 CV* const cv = GvCV(gv);
562 if (!CvROOT(cv) && !CvXSUB(cv)) {
570 if (GvCV(stubgv) != cv) /* orphaned import */
573 autogv = gv_autoload4(GvSTASH(stubgv),
574 GvNAME(stubgv), GvNAMELEN(stubgv), TRUE);
584 Perl_gv_autoload4(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, I32 method)
592 const char *packname = "";
593 STRLEN packname_len = 0;
595 if (len == S_autolen && strnEQ(name, S_autoload, S_autolen))
598 if (SvTYPE(stash) < SVt_PVHV) {
599 packname = SvPV_const((SV*)stash, packname_len);
603 packname = HvNAME_get(stash);
604 packname_len = HvNAMELEN_get(stash);
607 if (!(gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, S_autoload, S_autolen, FALSE)))
611 if (!(CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv)))
615 * Inheriting AUTOLOAD for non-methods works ... for now.
617 if (!method && (GvCVGEN(gv) || GvSTASH(gv) != stash)
618 && ckWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX)
620 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX),
621 "Use of inherited AUTOLOAD for non-method %s::%.*s() is deprecated",
622 packname, (int)len, name);
625 /* rather than lookup/init $AUTOLOAD here
626 * only to have the XSUB do another lookup for $AUTOLOAD
627 * and split that value on the last '::',
628 * pass along the same data via some unused fields in the CV
631 SvPV_set(cv, (char *)name); /* cast to lose constness warning */
637 * Given &FOO::AUTOLOAD, set $FOO::AUTOLOAD to desired function name.
638 * The subroutine's original name may not be "AUTOLOAD", so we don't
639 * use that, but for lack of anything better we will use the sub's
640 * original package to look up $AUTOLOAD.
642 varstash = GvSTASH(CvGV(cv));
643 vargv = *(GV**)hv_fetch(varstash, S_autoload, S_autolen, TRUE);
647 gv_init(vargv, varstash, S_autoload, S_autolen, FALSE);
648 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
649 GvSV(vargv) = newSV(0);
653 varsv = GvSVn(vargv);
654 sv_setpvn(varsv, packname, packname_len);
655 sv_catpvs(varsv, "::");
656 sv_catpvn(varsv, name, len);
660 /* The "gv" parameter should be the glob known to Perl code as *!
661 * The scalar must already have been magicalized.
664 S_require_errno(pTHX_ GV *gv)
667 HV* stash = gv_stashpvs("Errno", FALSE);
669 if (!stash || !(gv_fetchmethod(stash, "TIEHASH"))) {
673 save_scalar(gv); /* keep the value of $! */
674 Perl_load_module(aTHX_ PERL_LOADMOD_NOIMPORT,
675 newSVpvs("Errno"), NULL);
678 stash = gv_stashpvs("Errno", FALSE);
679 if (!stash || !(gv_fetchmethod(stash, "TIEHASH")))
680 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't use %%! because Errno.pm is not available");
685 =for apidoc gv_stashpv
687 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package. C<name> should
688 be a valid UTF-8 string and must be null-terminated. If C<create> is set
689 then the package will be created if it does not already exist. If C<create>
690 is not set and the package does not exist then NULL is returned.
696 Perl_gv_stashpv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
698 return gv_stashpvn(name, strlen(name), create);
702 =for apidoc gv_stashpvn
704 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package. C<name> should
705 be a valid UTF-8 string. The C<namelen> parameter indicates the length of
706 the C<name>, in bytes. If C<create> is set then the package will be
707 created if it does not already exist. If C<create> is not set and the
708 package does not exist then NULL is returned.
714 Perl_gv_stashpvn(pTHX_ const char *name, U32 namelen, I32 create)
721 if (namelen + 3 < sizeof smallbuf)
724 Newx(tmpbuf, namelen + 3, char);
725 Copy(name,tmpbuf,namelen,char);
726 tmpbuf[namelen++] = ':';
727 tmpbuf[namelen++] = ':';
728 tmpbuf[namelen] = '\0';
729 tmpgv = gv_fetchpvn_flags(tmpbuf, namelen, create, SVt_PVHV);
730 if (tmpbuf != smallbuf)
735 GvHV(tmpgv) = newHV();
737 if (!HvNAME_get(stash))
738 hv_name_set(stash, name, namelen, 0);
743 =for apidoc gv_stashsv
745 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package, which must be a
746 valid UTF-8 string. See C<gv_stashpv>.
752 Perl_gv_stashsv(pTHX_ SV *sv, I32 create)
755 const char * const ptr = SvPV_const(sv,len);
756 return gv_stashpvn(ptr, len, create);
761 Perl_gv_fetchpv(pTHX_ const char *nambeg, I32 add, I32 sv_type) {
762 return gv_fetchpvn_flags(nambeg, strlen(nambeg), add, sv_type);
766 Perl_gv_fetchsv(pTHX_ SV *name, I32 flags, I32 sv_type) {
768 const char * const nambeg = SvPV_const(name, len);
769 return gv_fetchpvn_flags(nambeg, len, flags | SvUTF8(name), sv_type);
773 Perl_gv_fetchpvn_flags(pTHX_ const char *nambeg, STRLEN full_len, I32 flags,
777 register const char *name = nambeg;
778 register GV *gv = NULL;
781 register const char *name_cursor;
783 const I32 no_init = flags & (GV_NOADD_NOINIT | GV_NOINIT);
784 const I32 no_expand = flags & GV_NOEXPAND;
786 flags & ~SVf_UTF8 & ~GV_NOADD_NOINIT & ~GV_NOEXPAND & ~GV_NOTQUAL;
787 const char *const name_end = nambeg + full_len;
788 const char *const name_em1 = name_end - 1;
790 if (flags & GV_NOTQUAL) {
791 /* Caller promised that there is no stash, so we can skip the check. */
796 if (full_len > 2 && *name == '*' && isALPHA(name[1])) {
797 /* accidental stringify on a GV? */
801 for (name_cursor = name; name_cursor < name_end; name_cursor++) {
802 if ((*name_cursor == ':' && name_cursor < name_em1
803 && name_cursor[1] == ':')
804 || (*name_cursor == '\'' && name_cursor[1]))
808 if (!stash || !SvREFCNT(stash)) /* symbol table under destruction */
811 len = name_cursor - name;
816 if (len + 3 < (I32)sizeof (smallbuf))
819 Newx(tmpbuf, len+3, char);
820 Copy(name, tmpbuf, len, char);
824 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash,tmpbuf,len,add);
825 gv = gvp ? *gvp : NULL;
826 if (gv && gv != (GV*)&PL_sv_undef) {
827 if (SvTYPE(gv) != SVt_PVGV)
828 gv_init(gv, stash, tmpbuf, len, (add & GV_ADDMULTI));
832 if (tmpbuf != smallbuf)
834 if (!gv || gv == (GV*)&PL_sv_undef)
837 if (!(stash = GvHV(gv)))
838 stash = GvHV(gv) = newHV();
840 if (!HvNAME_get(stash))
841 hv_name_set(stash, nambeg, name_cursor - nambeg, 0);
844 if (*name_cursor == ':')
848 if (name == name_end)
849 return gv ? gv : (GV*)*hv_fetchs(PL_defstash, "main::", TRUE);
852 len = name_cursor - name;
854 /* No stash in name, so see how we can default */
858 if (len && isIDFIRST_lazy(name)) {
867 if ((name[0] == 'I' && name[1] == 'N' && name[2] == 'C')
868 || (name[0] == 'E' && name[1] == 'N' && name[2] == 'V')
869 || (name[0] == 'S' && name[1] == 'I' && name[2] == 'G'))
873 if (name[0] == 'A' && name[1] == 'R' && name[2] == 'G'
878 if (name[0] == 'S' && name[1] == 'T' && name[2] == 'D'
879 && name[3] == 'I' && name[4] == 'N')
883 if ((name[0] == 'S' && name[1] == 'T' && name[2] == 'D')
884 &&((name[3] == 'O' && name[4] == 'U' && name[5] == 'T')
885 ||(name[3] == 'E' && name[4] == 'R' && name[5] == 'R')))
889 if (name[0] == 'A' && name[1] == 'R' && name[2] == 'G'
890 && name[3] == 'V' && name[4] == 'O' && name[5] == 'U'
898 else if (IN_PERL_COMPILETIME) {
900 if (add && (PL_hints & HINT_STRICT_VARS) &&
901 sv_type != SVt_PVCV &&
902 sv_type != SVt_PVGV &&
903 sv_type != SVt_PVFM &&
904 sv_type != SVt_PVIO &&
905 !(len == 1 && sv_type == SVt_PV &&
906 (*name == 'a' || *name == 'b')) )
908 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash,name,len,0);
910 *gvp == (GV*)&PL_sv_undef ||
911 SvTYPE(*gvp) != SVt_PVGV)
915 else if ((sv_type == SVt_PV && !GvIMPORTED_SV(*gvp)) ||
916 (sv_type == SVt_PVAV && !GvIMPORTED_AV(*gvp)) ||
917 (sv_type == SVt_PVHV && !GvIMPORTED_HV(*gvp)) )
919 Perl_warn(aTHX_ "Variable \"%c%s\" is not imported",
920 sv_type == SVt_PVAV ? '@' :
921 sv_type == SVt_PVHV ? '%' : '$',
924 Perl_warn(aTHX_ "\t(Did you mean &%s instead?)\n", name);
930 stash = CopSTASH(PL_curcop);
936 /* By this point we should have a stash and a name */
940 SV * const err = Perl_mess(aTHX_
941 "Global symbol \"%s%s\" requires explicit package name",
942 (sv_type == SVt_PV ? "$"
943 : sv_type == SVt_PVAV ? "@"
944 : sv_type == SVt_PVHV ? "%"
947 if (USE_UTF8_IN_NAMES)
950 gv = gv_fetchpvn_flags("<none>::", 8, GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV);
952 /* symbol table under destruction */
961 if (!SvREFCNT(stash)) /* symbol table under destruction */
964 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash,name,len,add);
965 if (!gvp || *gvp == (GV*)&PL_sv_undef)
968 if (SvTYPE(gv) == SVt_PVGV) {
971 gv_init_sv(gv, sv_type);
972 if (*name=='!' && sv_type == SVt_PVHV && len==1)
976 } else if (no_init) {
978 } else if (no_expand && SvROK(gv)) {
982 /* Adding a new symbol */
984 if (add & GV_ADDWARN && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL))
985 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL), "Had to create %s unexpectedly", nambeg);
986 gv_init(gv, stash, name, len, add & GV_ADDMULTI);
987 gv_init_sv(gv, sv_type);
989 if (isALPHA(name[0]) && ! (isLEXWARN_on ? ckWARN(WARN_ONCE)
990 : (PL_dowarn & G_WARN_ON ) ) )
993 /* set up magic where warranted */
998 /* Nothing else to do.
999 The compiler will probably turn the switch statement into a
1000 branch table. Make sure we avoid even that small overhead for
1001 the common case of lower case variable names. */
1005 const char * const name2 = name + 1;
1008 if (strEQ(name2, "RGV")) {
1009 IoFLAGS(GvIOn(gv)) |= IOf_ARGV|IOf_START;
1011 else if (strEQ(name2, "RGVOUT")) {
1016 if (strnEQ(name2, "XPORT", 5))
1020 if (strEQ(name2, "SA")) {
1021 AV* const av = GvAVn(gv);
1023 sv_magic((SV*)av, (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_isa, NULL, 0);
1024 /* NOTE: No support for tied ISA */
1025 if ((add & GV_ADDMULTI) && strEQ(nambeg,"AnyDBM_File::ISA")
1026 && AvFILLp(av) == -1)
1029 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "NDBM_File",9));
1030 gv_stashpvn(pname, 9, TRUE);
1031 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "DB_File",7));
1032 gv_stashpvn(pname, 7, TRUE);
1033 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "GDBM_File",9));
1034 gv_stashpvn(pname, 9, TRUE);
1035 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "SDBM_File",9));
1036 gv_stashpvn(pname, 9, TRUE);
1037 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "ODBM_File",9));
1038 gv_stashpvn(pname, 9, TRUE);
1043 if (strEQ(name2, "VERLOAD")) {
1044 HV* const hv = GvHVn(gv);
1046 hv_magic(hv, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_overload);
1050 if (strEQ(name2, "IG")) {
1054 Newxz(PL_psig_ptr, SIG_SIZE, SV*);
1055 Newxz(PL_psig_name, SIG_SIZE, SV*);
1056 Newxz(PL_psig_pend, SIG_SIZE, int);
1060 hv_magic(hv, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_sig);
1061 for (i = 1; i < SIG_SIZE; i++) {
1062 SV * const * const init = hv_fetch(hv, PL_sig_name[i], strlen(PL_sig_name[i]), 1);
1064 sv_setsv(*init, &PL_sv_undef);
1066 PL_psig_name[i] = 0;
1067 PL_psig_pend[i] = 0;
1072 if (strEQ(name2, "ERSION"))
1075 case '\003': /* $^CHILD_ERROR_NATIVE */
1076 if (strEQ(name2, "HILD_ERROR_NATIVE"))
1079 case '\005': /* $^ENCODING */
1080 if (strEQ(name2, "NCODING"))
1083 case '\017': /* $^OPEN */
1084 if (strEQ(name2, "PEN"))
1087 case '\024': /* ${^TAINT} */
1088 if (strEQ(name2, "AINT"))
1091 case '\025': /* ${^UNICODE}, ${^UTF8LOCALE} */
1092 if (strEQ(name2, "NICODE"))
1094 if (strEQ(name2, "TF8LOCALE"))
1096 if (strEQ(name2, "TF8CACHE"))
1099 case '\027': /* $^WARNING_BITS */
1100 if (strEQ(name2, "ARNING_BITS"))
1113 /* ensures variable is only digits */
1114 /* ${"1foo"} fails this test (and is thus writeable) */
1115 /* added by japhy, but borrowed from is_gv_magical */
1116 const char *end = name + len;
1117 while (--end > name) {
1118 if (!isDIGIT(*end)) return gv;
1125 /* Names of length 1. (Or 0. But name is NUL terminated, so that will
1126 be case '\0' in this switch statement (ie a default case) */
1132 sv_type == SVt_PVAV ||
1133 sv_type == SVt_PVHV ||
1134 sv_type == SVt_PVCV ||
1135 sv_type == SVt_PVFM ||
1138 PL_sawampersand = TRUE;
1142 sv_setpv(GvSVn(gv),PL_chopset);
1146 #ifdef COMPLEX_STATUS
1147 SvUPGRADE(GvSVn(gv), SVt_PVLV);
1153 /* If %! has been used, automatically load Errno.pm.
1154 The require will itself set errno, so in order to
1155 preserve its value we have to set up the magic
1156 now (rather than going to magicalize)
1159 sv_magic(GvSVn(gv), (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, len);
1161 if (sv_type == SVt_PVHV)
1167 AV* const av = GvAVn(gv);
1168 sv_magic((SV*)av, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_regdata, NULL, 0);
1174 if (sv_type == SVt_PV && ckWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX))
1175 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX),
1176 "$%c is no longer supported", *name);
1179 sv_setiv(GvSVn(gv), (IV)(IoFLAGS(GvIOp(PL_defoutgv)) & IOf_FLUSH) != 0);
1182 case '\010': /* $^H */
1184 HV *const hv = GvHVn(gv);
1185 hv_magic(hv, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_hints);
1191 AV* const av = GvAVn(gv);
1192 sv_magic((SV*)av, (SV*)av, PERL_MAGIC_regdata, NULL, 0);
1196 case '\023': /* $^S */
1207 SvREADONLY_on(GvSVn(gv));
1222 case '\001': /* $^A */
1223 case '\003': /* $^C */
1224 case '\004': /* $^D */
1225 case '\005': /* $^E */
1226 case '\006': /* $^F */
1227 case '\011': /* $^I, NOT \t in EBCDIC */
1228 case '\016': /* $^N */
1229 case '\017': /* $^O */
1230 case '\020': /* $^P */
1231 case '\024': /* $^T */
1232 case '\027': /* $^W */
1234 sv_magic(GvSVn(gv), (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, len);
1237 case '\014': /* $^L */
1238 sv_setpvn(GvSVn(gv),"\f",1);
1239 PL_formfeed = GvSVn(gv);
1242 sv_setpvn(GvSVn(gv),"\034",1);
1246 SV * const sv = GvSVn(gv);
1247 if (!sv_derived_from(PL_patchlevel, "version"))
1248 upg_version(PL_patchlevel);
1249 GvSV(gv) = vnumify(PL_patchlevel);
1250 SvREADONLY_on(GvSV(gv));
1254 case '\026': /* $^V */
1256 SV * const sv = GvSVn(gv);
1257 GvSV(gv) = new_version(PL_patchlevel);
1258 SvREADONLY_on(GvSV(gv));
1268 Perl_gv_fullname4(pTHX_ SV *sv, const GV *gv, const char *prefix, bool keepmain)
1272 const HV * const hv = GvSTASH(gv);
1277 sv_setpv(sv, prefix ? prefix : "");
1279 name = HvNAME_get(hv);
1281 namelen = HvNAMELEN_get(hv);
1287 if (keepmain || strNE(name, "main")) {
1288 sv_catpvn(sv,name,namelen);
1291 sv_catpvn(sv,GvNAME(gv),GvNAMELEN(gv));
1295 Perl_gv_efullname4(pTHX_ SV *sv, const GV *gv, const char *prefix, bool keepmain)
1297 const GV * const egv = GvEGV(gv);
1298 gv_fullname4(sv, egv ? egv : gv, prefix, keepmain);
1306 IO * const io = (IO*)newSV(0);
1308 sv_upgrade((SV *)io,SVt_PVIO);
1309 /* This used to read SvREFCNT(io) = 1;
1310 It's not clear why the reference count needed an explicit reset. NWC
1312 assert (SvREFCNT(io) == 1);
1314 /* Clear the stashcache because a new IO could overrule a package name */
1315 hv_clear(PL_stashcache);
1316 iogv = gv_fetchpvs("FileHandle::", 0, SVt_PVHV);
1317 /* unless exists($main::{FileHandle}) and defined(%main::FileHandle::) */
1318 if (!(iogv && GvHV(iogv) && HvARRAY(GvHV(iogv))))
1319 iogv = gv_fetchpvs("IO::Handle::", GV_ADD, SVt_PVHV);
1320 SvSTASH_set(io, (HV*)SvREFCNT_inc(GvHV(iogv)));
1325 Perl_gv_check(pTHX_ const HV *stash)
1330 if (!HvARRAY(stash))
1332 for (i = 0; i <= (I32) HvMAX(stash); i++) {
1334 for (entry = HvARRAY(stash)[i]; entry; entry = HeNEXT(entry)) {
1337 if (HeKEY(entry)[HeKLEN(entry)-1] == ':' &&
1338 (gv = (GV*)HeVAL(entry)) && isGV(gv) && (hv = GvHV(gv)))
1340 if (hv != PL_defstash && hv != stash)
1341 gv_check(hv); /* nested package */
1343 else if (isALPHA(*HeKEY(entry))) {
1345 gv = (GV*)HeVAL(entry);
1346 if (SvTYPE(gv) != SVt_PVGV || GvMULTI(gv))
1349 /* performance hack: if filename is absolute and it's a standard
1350 * module, don't bother warning */
1351 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
1352 # define LIB_COMPONENT ":lib:"
1354 # define LIB_COMPONENT "/lib/"
1357 && PERL_FILE_IS_ABSOLUTE(file)
1358 && (instr(file, LIB_COMPONENT) || instr(file, ".pm")))
1362 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, GvLINE(gv));
1364 CopFILE(PL_curcop) = (char *)file; /* set for warning */
1366 CopFILEGV(PL_curcop) = gv_fetchfile(file);
1368 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_ONCE),
1369 "Name \"%s::%s\" used only once: possible typo",
1370 HvNAME_get(stash), GvNAME(gv));
1377 Perl_newGVgen(pTHX_ const char *pack)
1380 return gv_fetchpv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "%s::_GEN_%ld", pack, (long)PL_gensym++),
1384 /* hopefully this is only called on local symbol table entries */
1387 Perl_gp_ref(pTHX_ GP *gp)
1395 /* multi-named GPs cannot be used for method cache */
1396 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_cv);
1401 /* Adding a new name to a subroutine invalidates method cache */
1402 PL_sub_generation++;
1409 Perl_gp_free(pTHX_ GV *gv)
1414 if (!gv || !isGV_with_GP(gv) || !(gp = GvGP(gv)))
1416 if (gp->gp_refcnt == 0) {
1417 if (ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL))
1418 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
1419 "Attempt to free unreferenced glob pointers"
1420 pTHX__FORMAT pTHX__VALUE);
1424 /* Deleting the name of a subroutine invalidates method cache */
1425 PL_sub_generation++;
1427 if (--gp->gp_refcnt > 0) {
1428 if (gp->gp_egv == gv)
1434 unshare_hek(gp->gp_file_hek);
1435 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_sv);
1436 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_av);
1437 /* FIXME - another reference loop GV -> symtab -> GV ?
1438 Somehow gp->gp_hv can end up pointing at freed garbage. */
1439 if (gp->gp_hv && SvTYPE(gp->gp_hv) == SVt_PVHV) {
1440 const char *hvname = HvNAME_get(gp->gp_hv);
1441 if (PL_stashcache && hvname)
1442 hv_delete(PL_stashcache, hvname, HvNAMELEN_get(gp->gp_hv),
1444 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_hv);
1446 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_io);
1447 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_cv);
1448 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_form);
1455 Perl_magic_freeovrld(pTHX_ SV *sv, MAGIC *mg)
1457 AMT * const amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr;
1458 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(sv);
1460 if (amtp && AMT_AMAGIC(amtp)) {
1462 for (i = 1; i < NofAMmeth; i++) {
1463 CV * const cv = amtp->table[i];
1465 SvREFCNT_dec((SV *) cv);
1466 amtp->table[i] = NULL;
1473 /* Updates and caches the CV's */
1476 Perl_Gv_AMupdate(pTHX_ HV *stash)
1479 MAGIC* const mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1483 const AMT * const amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr;
1484 if (amtp->was_ok_am == PL_amagic_generation
1485 && amtp->was_ok_sub == PL_sub_generation) {
1486 return (bool)AMT_OVERLOADED(amtp);
1488 sv_unmagic((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1491 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Recalcing overload magic in package %s\n",HvNAME_get(stash)) );
1494 amt.was_ok_am = PL_amagic_generation;
1495 amt.was_ok_sub = PL_sub_generation;
1496 amt.fallback = AMGfallNO;
1500 int filled = 0, have_ovl = 0;
1503 /* Work with "fallback" key, which we assume to be first in PL_AMG_names */
1505 /* Try to find via inheritance. */
1506 GV *gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, PL_AMG_names[0], 2, -1);
1507 SV * const sv = gv ? GvSV(gv) : NULL;
1511 lim = DESTROY_amg; /* Skip overloading entries. */
1512 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
1514 NOOP; /* Equivalent to !SvTRUE and !SvOK */
1517 else if (SvTRUE(sv))
1518 amt.fallback=AMGfallYES;
1520 amt.fallback=AMGfallNEVER;
1522 for (i = 1; i < lim; i++)
1523 amt.table[i] = NULL;
1524 for (; i < NofAMmeth; i++) {
1525 const char * const cooky = PL_AMG_names[i];
1526 /* Human-readable form, for debugging: */
1527 const char * const cp = (i >= DESTROY_amg ? cooky : AMG_id2name(i));
1528 const STRLEN l = strlen(cooky);
1530 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Checking overloading of \"%s\" in package \"%.256s\"\n",
1531 cp, HvNAME_get(stash)) );
1532 /* don't fill the cache while looking up!
1533 Creation of inheritance stubs in intermediate packages may
1534 conflict with the logic of runtime method substitution.
1535 Indeed, for inheritance A -> B -> C, if C overloads "+0",
1536 then we could have created stubs for "(+0" in A and C too.
1537 But if B overloads "bool", we may want to use it for
1538 numifying instead of C's "+0". */
1539 if (i >= DESTROY_amg)
1540 gv = Perl_gv_fetchmeth_autoload(aTHX_ stash, cooky, l, 0);
1541 else /* Autoload taken care of below */
1542 gv = Perl_gv_fetchmeth(aTHX_ stash, cooky, l, -1);
1544 if (gv && (cv = GvCV(gv))) {
1546 if (GvNAMELEN(CvGV(cv)) == 3 && strEQ(GvNAME(CvGV(cv)), "nil")
1547 && strEQ(hvname = HvNAME_get(GvSTASH(CvGV(cv))), "overload")) {
1548 /* This is a hack to support autoloading..., while
1549 knowing *which* methods were declared as overloaded. */
1550 /* GvSV contains the name of the method. */
1552 SV *gvsv = GvSV(gv);
1554 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Resolving method \"%"SVf256\
1555 "\" for overloaded \"%s\" in package \"%.256s\"\n",
1556 (void*)GvSV(gv), cp, hvname) );
1557 if (!gvsv || !SvPOK(gvsv)
1558 || !(ngv = gv_fetchmethod_autoload(stash, SvPVX_const(gvsv),
1561 /* Can be an import stub (created by "can"). */
1562 const char * const name = (gvsv && SvPOK(gvsv)) ? SvPVX_const(gvsv) : "???";
1563 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s method \"%.256s\" overloading \"%s\" "\
1564 "in package \"%.256s\"",
1565 (GvCVGEN(gv) ? "Stub found while resolving"
1569 cv = GvCV(gv = ngv);
1571 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Overloading \"%s\" in package \"%.256s\" via \"%.256s::%.256s\"\n",
1572 cp, HvNAME_get(stash), HvNAME_get(GvSTASH(CvGV(cv))),
1573 GvNAME(CvGV(cv))) );
1575 if (i < DESTROY_amg)
1577 } else if (gv) { /* Autoloaded... */
1581 amt.table[i]=(CV*)SvREFCNT_inc_simple(cv);
1584 AMT_AMAGIC_on(&amt);
1586 AMT_OVERLOADED_on(&amt);
1587 sv_magic((SV*)stash, 0, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table,
1588 (char*)&amt, sizeof(AMT));
1592 /* Here we have no table: */
1594 AMT_AMAGIC_off(&amt);
1595 sv_magic((SV*)stash, 0, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table,
1596 (char*)&amt, sizeof(AMTS));
1602 Perl_gv_handler(pTHX_ HV *stash, I32 id)
1608 if (!stash || !HvNAME_get(stash))
1610 mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1614 mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1617 amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr;
1618 if ( amtp->was_ok_am != PL_amagic_generation
1619 || amtp->was_ok_sub != PL_sub_generation )
1621 if (AMT_AMAGIC(amtp)) {
1622 CV * const ret = amtp->table[id];
1623 if (ret && isGV(ret)) { /* Autoloading stab */
1624 /* Passing it through may have resulted in a warning
1625 "Inherited AUTOLOAD for a non-method deprecated", since
1626 our caller is going through a function call, not a method call.
1627 So return the CV for AUTOLOAD, setting $AUTOLOAD. */
1628 GV * const gv = gv_fetchmethod(stash, PL_AMG_names[id]);
1641 Perl_amagic_call(pTHX_ SV *left, SV *right, int method, int flags)
1646 CV **cvp=NULL, **ocvp=NULL;
1647 AMT *amtp=NULL, *oamtp=NULL;
1648 int off = 0, off1, lr = 0, notfound = 0;
1649 int postpr = 0, force_cpy = 0;
1650 int assign = AMGf_assign & flags;
1651 const int assignshift = assign ? 1 : 0;
1656 if (!(AMGf_noleft & flags) && SvAMAGIC(left)
1657 && (stash = SvSTASH(SvRV(left)))
1658 && (mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table))
1659 && (ocvp = cvp = (AMT_AMAGIC((AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)
1660 ? (oamtp = amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)->table
1662 && ((cv = cvp[off=method+assignshift])
1663 || (assign && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER && /* fallback to
1669 cv = cvp[off=method])))) {
1670 lr = -1; /* Call method for left argument */
1672 if (cvp && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER && flags & AMGf_unary) {
1675 /* look for substituted methods */
1676 /* In all the covered cases we should be called with assign==0. */
1680 if ((cv = cvp[off=add_ass_amg])
1681 || ((cv = cvp[off = add_amg]) && (force_cpy = 0, postpr = 1))) {
1682 right = &PL_sv_yes; lr = -1; assign = 1;
1687 if ((cv = cvp[off = subtr_ass_amg])
1688 || ((cv = cvp[off = subtr_amg]) && (force_cpy = 0, postpr=1))) {
1689 right = &PL_sv_yes; lr = -1; assign = 1;
1693 (void)((cv = cvp[off=numer_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=string_amg]));
1696 (void)((cv = cvp[off=string_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=bool__amg]));
1699 (void)((cv = cvp[off=numer_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=bool__amg]));
1702 (void)((cv = cvp[off=bool__amg])
1703 || (cv = cvp[off=numer_amg])
1704 || (cv = cvp[off=string_amg]));
1710 * SV* ref causes confusion with the interpreter variable of
1713 SV* const tmpRef=SvRV(left);
1714 if (!SvROK(tmpRef) && SvTYPE(tmpRef) <= SVt_PVMG) {
1716 * Just to be extra cautious. Maybe in some
1717 * additional cases sv_setsv is safe, too.
1719 SV* const newref = newSVsv(tmpRef);
1720 SvOBJECT_on(newref);
1721 SvSTASH_set(newref, (HV*)SvREFCNT_inc(SvSTASH(tmpRef)));
1727 if ((cvp[off1=lt_amg] || cvp[off1=ncmp_amg])
1728 && ((cv = cvp[off=neg_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=subtr_amg]))) {
1729 SV* const nullsv=sv_2mortal(newSViv(0));
1731 SV* const lessp = amagic_call(left,nullsv,
1732 lt_amg,AMGf_noright);
1733 logic = SvTRUE(lessp);
1735 SV* const lessp = amagic_call(left,nullsv,
1736 ncmp_amg,AMGf_noright);
1737 logic = (SvNV(lessp) < 0);
1740 if (off==subtr_amg) {
1751 if ((cv = cvp[off=subtr_amg])) {
1753 left = sv_2mortal(newSViv(0));
1758 case iter_amg: /* XXXX Eventually should do to_gv. */
1760 return NULL; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
1768 return left; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
1773 if (!cv) goto not_found;
1774 } else if (!(AMGf_noright & flags) && SvAMAGIC(right)
1775 && (stash = SvSTASH(SvRV(right)))
1776 && (mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table))
1777 && (cvp = (AMT_AMAGIC((AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)
1778 ? (amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)->table
1780 && (cv = cvp[off=method])) { /* Method for right
1783 } else if (((ocvp && oamtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER
1784 && (cvp=ocvp) && (lr = -1))
1785 || (cvp && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER && (lr=1)))
1786 && !(flags & AMGf_unary)) {
1787 /* We look for substitution for
1788 * comparison operations and
1790 if (method==concat_amg || method==concat_ass_amg
1791 || method==repeat_amg || method==repeat_ass_amg) {
1792 return NULL; /* Delegate operation to string conversion */
1802 postpr = 1; off=ncmp_amg; break;
1809 postpr = 1; off=scmp_amg; break;
1811 if (off != -1) cv = cvp[off];
1816 not_found: /* No method found, either report or croak */
1824 return left; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
1827 if (ocvp && (cv=ocvp[nomethod_amg])) { /* Call report method */
1828 notfound = 1; lr = -1;
1829 } else if (cvp && (cv=cvp[nomethod_amg])) {
1830 notfound = 1; lr = 1;
1833 if (off==-1) off=method;
1834 msg = sv_2mortal(Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_
1835 "Operation \"%s\": no method found,%sargument %s%s%s%s",
1836 AMG_id2name(method + assignshift),
1837 (flags & AMGf_unary ? " " : "\n\tleft "),
1839 "in overloaded package ":
1840 "has no overloaded magic",
1842 HvNAME_get(SvSTASH(SvRV(left))):
1845 ",\n\tright argument in overloaded package ":
1848 : ",\n\tright argument has no overloaded magic"),
1850 HvNAME_get(SvSTASH(SvRV(right))):
1852 if (amtp && amtp->fallback >= AMGfallYES) {
1853 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "%s", SvPVX_const(msg)) );
1855 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%"SVf, (void*)msg);
1859 force_cpy = force_cpy || assign;
1864 DEBUG_o(Perl_deb(aTHX_
1865 "Overloaded operator \"%s\"%s%s%s:\n\tmethod%s found%s in package %s%s\n",
1867 method+assignshift==off? "" :
1869 method+assignshift==off? "" :
1870 AMG_id2name(method+assignshift),
1871 method+assignshift==off? "" : "\")",
1872 flags & AMGf_unary? "" :
1873 lr==1 ? " for right argument": " for left argument",
1874 flags & AMGf_unary? " for argument" : "",
1875 stash ? HvNAME_get(stash) : "null",
1876 fl? ",\n\tassignment variant used": "") );
1879 /* Since we use shallow copy during assignment, we need
1880 * to dublicate the contents, probably calling user-supplied
1881 * version of copy operator
1883 /* We need to copy in following cases:
1884 * a) Assignment form was called.
1885 * assignshift==1, assign==T, method + 1 == off
1886 * b) Increment or decrement, called directly.
1887 * assignshift==0, assign==0, method + 0 == off
1888 * c) Increment or decrement, translated to assignment add/subtr.
1889 * assignshift==0, assign==T,
1891 * d) Increment or decrement, translated to nomethod.
1892 * assignshift==0, assign==0,
1894 * e) Assignment form translated to nomethod.
1895 * assignshift==1, assign==T, method + 1 != off
1898 /* off is method, method+assignshift, or a result of opcode substitution.
1899 * In the latter case assignshift==0, so only notfound case is important.
1901 if (( (method + assignshift == off)
1902 && (assign || (method == inc_amg) || (method == dec_amg)))
1909 const bool oldcatch = CATCH_GET;
1912 Zero(&myop, 1, BINOP);
1913 myop.op_last = (OP *) &myop;
1914 myop.op_next = NULL;
1915 myop.op_flags = OPf_WANT_SCALAR | OPf_STACKED;
1917 PUSHSTACKi(PERLSI_OVERLOAD);
1920 PL_op = (OP *) &myop;
1921 if (PERLDB_SUB && PL_curstash != PL_debstash)
1922 PL_op->op_private |= OPpENTERSUB_DB;
1926 EXTEND(SP, notfound + 5);
1927 PUSHs(lr>0? right: left);
1928 PUSHs(lr>0? left: right);
1929 PUSHs( lr > 0 ? &PL_sv_yes : ( assign ? &PL_sv_undef : &PL_sv_no ));
1931 PUSHs( sv_2mortal(newSVpv(AMG_id2name(method + assignshift),0)));
1936 if ((PL_op = Perl_pp_entersub(aTHX)))
1944 CATCH_SET(oldcatch);
1951 ans=SvIV(res)<=0; break;
1954 ans=SvIV(res)<0; break;
1957 ans=SvIV(res)>=0; break;
1960 ans=SvIV(res)>0; break;
1963 ans=SvIV(res)==0; break;
1966 ans=SvIV(res)!=0; break;
1969 SvSetSV(left,res); return left;
1971 ans=!SvTRUE(res); break;
1976 } else if (method==copy_amg) {
1978 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Copy method did not return a reference");
1980 return SvREFCNT_inc(SvRV(res));
1988 =for apidoc is_gv_magical_sv
1990 Returns C<TRUE> if given the name of a magical GV. Calls is_gv_magical.
1996 Perl_is_gv_magical_sv(pTHX_ SV *name, U32 flags)
1999 const char * const temp = SvPV_const(name, len);
2000 return is_gv_magical(temp, len, flags);
2004 =for apidoc is_gv_magical
2006 Returns C<TRUE> if given the name of a magical GV.
2008 Currently only useful internally when determining if a GV should be
2009 created even in rvalue contexts.
2011 C<flags> is not used at present but available for future extension to
2012 allow selecting particular classes of magical variable.
2014 Currently assumes that C<name> is NUL terminated (as well as len being valid).
2015 This assumption is met by all callers within the perl core, which all pass
2016 pointers returned by SvPV.
2021 Perl_is_gv_magical(pTHX_ const char *name, STRLEN len, U32 flags)
2023 PERL_UNUSED_CONTEXT;
2024 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(flags);
2027 const char * const name1 = name + 1;
2030 if (len == 3 && name1[1] == 'S' && name[2] == 'A')
2034 if (len == 8 && strEQ(name1, "VERLOAD"))
2038 if (len == 3 && name[1] == 'I' && name[2] == 'G')
2041 /* Using ${^...} variables is likely to be sufficiently rare that
2042 it seems sensible to avoid the space hit of also checking the
2044 case '\017': /* ${^OPEN} */
2045 if (strEQ(name1, "PEN"))
2048 case '\024': /* ${^TAINT} */
2049 if (strEQ(name1, "AINT"))
2052 case '\025': /* ${^UNICODE} */
2053 if (strEQ(name1, "NICODE"))
2055 if (strEQ(name1, "TF8LOCALE"))
2058 case '\027': /* ${^WARNING_BITS} */
2059 if (strEQ(name1, "ARNING_BITS"))
2072 const char *end = name + len;
2073 while (--end > name) {
2081 /* Because we're already assuming that name is NUL terminated
2082 below, we can treat an empty name as "\0" */
2109 case '\001': /* $^A */
2110 case '\003': /* $^C */
2111 case '\004': /* $^D */
2112 case '\005': /* $^E */
2113 case '\006': /* $^F */
2114 case '\010': /* $^H */
2115 case '\011': /* $^I, NOT \t in EBCDIC */
2116 case '\014': /* $^L */
2117 case '\016': /* $^N */
2118 case '\017': /* $^O */
2119 case '\020': /* $^P */
2120 case '\023': /* $^S */
2121 case '\024': /* $^T */
2122 case '\026': /* $^V */
2123 case '\027': /* $^W */
2143 Perl_gv_name_set(pTHX_ GV *gv, const char *name, U32 len, U32 flags)
2149 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(flags);
2152 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: gv name too long (%"UVuf")", (UV) len);
2154 if (!(flags & GV_ADD) && GvNAME_HEK(gv)) {
2155 unshare_hek(GvNAME_HEK(gv));
2158 PERL_HASH(hash, name, len);
2159 GvNAME_HEK(gv) = share_hek(name, len, hash);
2164 * c-indentation-style: bsd
2166 * indent-tabs-mode: t
2169 * ex: set ts=8 sts=4 sw=4 noet: