3 * Copyright (C) 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
4 * 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, by Larry Wall and others
6 * You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
7 * License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
12 * 'Mercy!' cried Gandalf. 'If the giving of information is to be the cure
13 * of your inquisitiveness, I shall spend all the rest of my days answering
14 * you. What more do you want to know?'
15 * 'The names of all the stars, and of all living things, and the whole
16 * history of Middle-earth and Over-heaven and of the Sundering Seas,'
23 A GV is a structure which corresponds to to a Perl typeglob, ie *foo.
24 It is a structure that holds a pointer to a scalar, an array, a hash etc,
25 corresponding to $foo, @foo, %foo.
27 GVs are usually found as values in stashes (symbol table hashes) where
28 Perl stores its global variables.
37 static const char S_autoload[] = "AUTOLOAD";
38 static const STRLEN S_autolen = sizeof(S_autoload)-1;
41 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
43 Perl_gv_SVadd(pTHX_ GV *gv)
45 if (!gv || SvTYPE((SV*)gv) != SVt_PVGV)
46 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for scalar");
54 Perl_gv_AVadd(pTHX_ register GV *gv)
56 if (!gv || SvTYPE((SV*)gv) != SVt_PVGV)
57 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for array");
64 Perl_gv_HVadd(pTHX_ register GV *gv)
66 if (!gv || SvTYPE((SV*)gv) != SVt_PVGV)
67 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for hash");
74 Perl_gv_IOadd(pTHX_ register GV *gv)
77 if (!gv || SvTYPE((SV*)gv) != SVt_PVGV) {
80 * if it walks like a dirhandle, then let's assume that
81 * this is a dirhandle.
83 const char * const fh =
84 PL_op->op_type == OP_READDIR ||
85 PL_op->op_type == OP_TELLDIR ||
86 PL_op->op_type == OP_SEEKDIR ||
87 PL_op->op_type == OP_REWINDDIR ||
88 PL_op->op_type == OP_CLOSEDIR ?
89 "dirhandle" : "filehandle";
90 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for %s", fh);
94 #ifdef GV_UNIQUE_CHECK
96 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for filehandle (GV is unique)");
105 Perl_gv_fetchfile(pTHX_ const char *name)
107 return gv_fetchfile_flags(name, strlen(name), 0);
111 Perl_gv_fetchfile_flags(pTHX_ const char *const name, const STRLEN namelen,
117 const STRLEN tmplen = namelen + 2;
120 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(flags);
125 if (tmplen <= sizeof smallbuf)
128 Newx(tmpbuf, tmplen, char);
129 /* This is where the debugger's %{"::_<$filename"} hash is created */
132 memcpy(tmpbuf + 2, name, namelen);
133 gv = *(GV**)hv_fetch(PL_defstash, tmpbuf, tmplen, TRUE);
135 gv_init(gv, PL_defstash, tmpbuf, tmplen, FALSE);
136 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
137 GvSV(gv) = newSVpvn(name, namelen);
139 sv_setpvn(GvSV(gv), name, namelen);
142 hv_magic(GvHVn(gv_AVadd(gv)), NULL, PERL_MAGIC_dbfile);
144 if (tmpbuf != smallbuf)
150 =for apidoc gv_const_sv
152 If C<gv> is a typeglob whose subroutine entry is a constant sub eligible for
153 inlining, or C<gv> is a placeholder reference that would be promoted to such
154 a typeglob, then returns the value returned by the sub. Otherwise, returns
161 Perl_gv_const_sv(pTHX_ GV *gv)
163 if (SvTYPE(gv) == SVt_PVGV)
164 return cv_const_sv(GvCVu(gv));
165 return SvROK(gv) ? SvRV(gv) : NULL;
169 Perl_newGP(pTHX_ GV *const gv)
172 const char *const file
173 = (PL_curcop && CopFILE(PL_curcop)) ? CopFILE(PL_curcop) : "";
174 STRLEN len = strlen(file);
177 PERL_HASH(hash, file, len);
181 #ifndef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
182 gp->gp_sv = newSV(0);
185 gp->gp_line = PL_curcop ? CopLINE(PL_curcop) : 0;
186 /* XXX Ideally this cast would be replaced with a change to const char*
188 gp->gp_file_hek = share_hek(file, len, hash);
196 Perl_gv_init(pTHX_ GV *gv, HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, int multi)
199 const U32 old_type = SvTYPE(gv);
200 const bool doproto = old_type > SVt_NULL;
201 const char * const proto = (doproto && SvPOK(gv)) ? SvPVX_const(gv) : NULL;
202 SV *const has_constant = doproto && SvROK(gv) ? SvRV(gv) : NULL;
203 const U32 exported_constant = has_constant ? SvPCS_IMPORTED(gv) : 0;
205 assert (!(proto && has_constant));
208 /* The constant has to be a simple scalar type. */
209 switch (SvTYPE(has_constant)) {
215 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Cannot convert a reference to %s to typeglob",
216 sv_reftype(has_constant, 0));
224 if (old_type < SVt_PVGV) {
225 if (old_type >= SVt_PV)
227 sv_upgrade((SV*)gv, SVt_PVGV);
235 Safefree(SvPVX_mutable(gv));
240 GvGP(gv) = Perl_newGP(aTHX_ gv);
243 Perl_sv_add_backref(aTHX_ (SV*)stash, (SV*)gv);
244 gv_name_set(gv, name, len, GV_ADD);
245 if (multi || doproto) /* doproto means it _was_ mentioned */
247 if (doproto) { /* Replicate part of newSUB here. */
250 /* newCONSTSUB takes ownership of the reference from us. */
251 GvCV(gv) = newCONSTSUB(stash, name, has_constant);
252 /* If this reference was a copy of another, then the subroutine
253 must have been "imported", by a Perl space assignment to a GV
254 from a reference to CV. */
255 if (exported_constant)
256 GvIMPORTED_CV_on(gv);
258 (void) start_subparse(0,0); /* Create empty CV in compcv. */
259 GvCV(gv) = PL_compcv;
265 CvFILE_set_from_cop(GvCV(gv), PL_curcop);
266 CvSTASH(GvCV(gv)) = PL_curstash;
268 sv_setpv((SV*)GvCV(gv), proto);
275 S_gv_init_sv(pTHX_ GV *gv, I32 sv_type)
287 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
295 /* Work round what appears to be a bug in Sun C++ 5.8 2005/10/13
296 If we just cast GvSVn(gv) to void, it ignores evaluating it for
304 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth
306 Returns the glob with the given C<name> and a defined subroutine or
307 C<NULL>. The glob lives in the given C<stash>, or in the stashes
308 accessible via @ISA and UNIVERSAL::.
310 The argument C<level> should be either 0 or -1. If C<level==0>, as a
311 side-effect creates a glob with the given C<name> in the given C<stash>
312 which in the case of success contains an alias for the subroutine, and sets
313 up caching info for this glob. Similarly for all the searched stashes.
315 This function grants C<"SUPER"> token as a postfix of the stash name. The
316 GV returned from C<gv_fetchmeth> may be a method cache entry, which is not
317 visible to Perl code. So when calling C<call_sv>, you should not use
318 the GV directly; instead, you should use the method's CV, which can be
319 obtained from the GV with the C<GvCV> macro.
325 Perl_gv_fetchmeth(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, I32 level)
334 HV* lastchance = NULL;
336 /* UNIVERSAL methods should be callable without a stash */
338 level = -1; /* probably appropriate */
339 if(!(stash = gv_stashpvs("UNIVERSAL", 0)))
343 hvname = HvNAME_get(stash);
346 "Can't use anonymous symbol table for method lookup");
348 if ((level > 100) || (level < -100))
349 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Recursive inheritance detected while looking for method '%s' in package '%s'",
352 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Looking for method %s in package %s\n",name,hvname) );
354 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash, name, len, (level >= 0));
359 if (SvTYPE(topgv) != SVt_PVGV)
360 gv_init(topgv, stash, name, len, TRUE);
361 if ((cv = GvCV(topgv))) {
362 /* If genuine method or valid cache entry, use it */
363 if (!GvCVGEN(topgv) || GvCVGEN(topgv) == PL_sub_generation)
365 /* Stale cached entry: junk it */
367 GvCV(topgv) = cv = NULL;
370 else if (GvCVGEN(topgv) == PL_sub_generation)
371 return 0; /* cache indicates sub doesn't exist */
374 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetchs(stash, "ISA", FALSE);
375 av = (gvp && (gv = *gvp) && isGV_with_GP(gv)) ? GvAV(gv) : NULL;
377 /* create and re-create @.*::SUPER::ISA on demand */
378 if (!av || !SvMAGIC(av)) {
379 STRLEN packlen = HvNAMELEN_get(stash);
381 if (packlen >= 7 && strEQ(hvname + packlen - 7, "::SUPER")) {
385 basestash = gv_stashpvn(hvname, packlen, GV_ADD);
386 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetchs(basestash, "ISA", FALSE);
387 if (gvp && (gv = *gvp) && isGV_with_GP(gv) && (av = GvAV(gv))) {
388 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetchs(stash, "ISA", TRUE);
389 if (!gvp || !(gv = *gvp))
390 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Cannot create %s::ISA", hvname);
391 if (SvTYPE(gv) != SVt_PVGV)
392 gv_init(gv, stash, "ISA", 3, TRUE);
393 SvREFCNT_dec(GvAV(gv));
394 GvAV(gv) = (AV*)SvREFCNT_inc_simple(av);
400 SV** svp = AvARRAY(av);
401 /* NOTE: No support for tied ISA */
402 I32 items = AvFILLp(av) + 1;
404 SV* const sv = *svp++;
405 HV* const basestash = gv_stashsv(sv, 0);
407 if (ckWARN(WARN_MISC))
408 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_MISC), "Can't locate package %"SVf" for @%s::ISA",
412 gv = gv_fetchmeth(basestash, name, len,
413 (level >= 0) ? level + 1 : level - 1);
419 /* if at top level, try UNIVERSAL */
421 if (level == 0 || level == -1) {
422 lastchance = gv_stashpvs("UNIVERSAL", 0);
425 if ((gv = gv_fetchmeth(lastchance, name, len,
426 (level >= 0) ? level + 1 : level - 1)))
430 * Cache method in topgv if:
431 * 1. topgv has no synonyms (else inheritance crosses wires)
432 * 2. method isn't a stub (else AUTOLOAD fails spectacularly)
435 GvREFCNT(topgv) == 1 &&
437 (CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv)))
439 if ((cv = GvCV(topgv)))
441 GvCV(topgv) = (CV*)SvREFCNT_inc(GvCV(gv));
442 GvCVGEN(topgv) = PL_sub_generation;
446 else if (topgv && GvREFCNT(topgv) == 1) {
447 /* cache the fact that the method is not defined */
448 GvCVGEN(topgv) = PL_sub_generation;
457 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth_autoload
459 Same as gv_fetchmeth(), but looks for autoloaded subroutines too.
460 Returns a glob for the subroutine.
462 For an autoloaded subroutine without a GV, will create a GV even
463 if C<level < 0>. For an autoloaded subroutine without a stub, GvCV()
464 of the result may be zero.
470 Perl_gv_fetchmeth_autoload(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, I32 level)
472 GV *gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, name, len, level);
479 return NULL; /* UNIVERSAL::AUTOLOAD could cause trouble */
480 if (len == S_autolen && strnEQ(name, S_autoload, S_autolen))
482 if (!(gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, S_autoload, S_autolen, FALSE)))
485 if (!(CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv)))
487 /* Have an autoload */
488 if (level < 0) /* Cannot do without a stub */
489 gv_fetchmeth(stash, name, len, 0);
490 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash, name, len, (level >= 0));
499 =for apidoc gv_fetchmethod_autoload
501 Returns the glob which contains the subroutine to call to invoke the method
502 on the C<stash>. In fact in the presence of autoloading this may be the
503 glob for "AUTOLOAD". In this case the corresponding variable $AUTOLOAD is
506 The third parameter of C<gv_fetchmethod_autoload> determines whether
507 AUTOLOAD lookup is performed if the given method is not present: non-zero
508 means yes, look for AUTOLOAD; zero means no, don't look for AUTOLOAD.
509 Calling C<gv_fetchmethod> is equivalent to calling C<gv_fetchmethod_autoload>
510 with a non-zero C<autoload> parameter.
512 These functions grant C<"SUPER"> token as a prefix of the method name. Note
513 that if you want to keep the returned glob for a long time, you need to
514 check for it being "AUTOLOAD", since at the later time the call may load a
515 different subroutine due to $AUTOLOAD changing its value. Use the glob
516 created via a side effect to do this.
518 These functions have the same side-effects and as C<gv_fetchmeth> with
519 C<level==0>. C<name> should be writable if contains C<':'> or C<'
520 ''>. The warning against passing the GV returned by C<gv_fetchmeth> to
521 C<call_sv> apply equally to these functions.
527 Perl_gv_fetchmethod_autoload(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, I32 autoload)
530 register const char *nend;
531 const char *nsplit = NULL;
535 if (stash && SvTYPE(stash) < SVt_PVHV)
538 for (nend = name; *nend; nend++) {
541 else if (*nend == ':' && *(nend + 1) == ':')
545 const char * const origname = name;
549 if ((nsplit - origname) == 5 && strnEQ(origname, "SUPER", 5)) {
550 /* ->SUPER::method should really be looked up in original stash */
551 SV * const tmpstr = sv_2mortal(Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_ "%s::SUPER",
552 CopSTASHPV(PL_curcop)));
553 /* __PACKAGE__::SUPER stash should be autovivified */
554 stash = gv_stashpvn(SvPVX_const(tmpstr), SvCUR(tmpstr), GV_ADD);
555 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Treating %s as %s::%s\n",
556 origname, HvNAME_get(stash), name) );
559 /* don't autovifify if ->NoSuchStash::method */
560 stash = gv_stashpvn(origname, nsplit - origname, 0);
562 /* however, explicit calls to Pkg::SUPER::method may
563 happen, and may require autovivification to work */
564 if (!stash && (nsplit - origname) >= 7 &&
565 strnEQ(nsplit - 7, "::SUPER", 7) &&
566 gv_stashpvn(origname, nsplit - origname - 7, 0))
567 stash = gv_stashpvn(origname, nsplit - origname, GV_ADD);
572 gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, name, nend - name, 0);
574 if (strEQ(name,"import") || strEQ(name,"unimport"))
575 gv = (GV*)&PL_sv_yes;
577 gv = gv_autoload4(ostash, name, nend - name, TRUE);
580 CV* const cv = GvCV(gv);
581 if (!CvROOT(cv) && !CvXSUB(cv)) {
589 if (GvCV(stubgv) != cv) /* orphaned import */
592 autogv = gv_autoload4(GvSTASH(stubgv),
593 GvNAME(stubgv), GvNAMELEN(stubgv), TRUE);
603 Perl_gv_autoload4(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, I32 method)
611 const char *packname = "";
612 STRLEN packname_len = 0;
614 if (len == S_autolen && strnEQ(name, S_autoload, S_autolen))
617 if (SvTYPE(stash) < SVt_PVHV) {
618 packname = SvPV_const((SV*)stash, packname_len);
622 packname = HvNAME_get(stash);
623 packname_len = HvNAMELEN_get(stash);
626 if (!(gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, S_autoload, S_autolen, FALSE)))
630 if (!(CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv)))
634 * Inheriting AUTOLOAD for non-methods works ... for now.
636 if (!method && (GvCVGEN(gv) || GvSTASH(gv) != stash)
637 && ckWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX)
639 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX),
640 "Use of inherited AUTOLOAD for non-method %s::%.*s() is deprecated",
641 packname, (int)len, name);
644 /* rather than lookup/init $AUTOLOAD here
645 * only to have the XSUB do another lookup for $AUTOLOAD
646 * and split that value on the last '::',
647 * pass along the same data via some unused fields in the CV
650 SvPV_set(cv, (char *)name); /* cast to lose constness warning */
656 * Given &FOO::AUTOLOAD, set $FOO::AUTOLOAD to desired function name.
657 * The subroutine's original name may not be "AUTOLOAD", so we don't
658 * use that, but for lack of anything better we will use the sub's
659 * original package to look up $AUTOLOAD.
661 varstash = GvSTASH(CvGV(cv));
662 vargv = *(GV**)hv_fetch(varstash, S_autoload, S_autolen, TRUE);
666 gv_init(vargv, varstash, S_autoload, S_autolen, FALSE);
667 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
668 GvSV(vargv) = newSV(0);
672 varsv = GvSVn(vargv);
673 sv_setpvn(varsv, packname, packname_len);
674 sv_catpvs(varsv, "::");
675 sv_catpvn(varsv, name, len);
680 /* require_tie_mod() internal routine for requiring a module
681 * that implements the logic of automatical ties like %! and %-
683 * The "gv" parameter should be the glob.
684 * "varpv" holds the name of the var, used for error messages.
685 * "namesv" holds the module name. Its refcount will be decremented.
686 * "methpv" holds the method name to test for to check that things
687 * are working reasonably close to as expected.
688 * "flags": if flag & 1 then save the scalar before loading.
689 * For the protection of $! to work (it is set by this routine)
690 * the sv slot must already be magicalized.
693 S_require_tie_mod(pTHX_ GV *gv, const char *varpv, SV* namesv, const char *methpv,const U32 flags)
696 HV* stash = gv_stashsv(namesv, 0);
698 if (!stash || !(gv_fetchmethod(stash, methpv))) {
699 SV *module = newSVsv(namesv);
700 char varname = *varpv; /* varpv might be clobbered by load_module,
701 so save it. For the moment it's always
707 PUSHSTACKi(PERLSI_MAGIC);
708 Perl_load_module(aTHX_ PERL_LOADMOD_NOIMPORT, module, NULL);
712 stash = gv_stashsv(namesv, 0);
714 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: Can't use %%%c because %"SVf" is not available",
715 varname, SVfARG(namesv));
716 else if (!gv_fetchmethod(stash, methpv))
717 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: Can't use %%%c because %"SVf" does not support method %s",
718 varname, SVfARG(namesv), methpv);
720 SvREFCNT_dec(namesv);
725 =for apidoc gv_stashpv
727 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package. Uses C<strlen> to
728 determine the length of C<name>, then calls C<gv_stashpvn()>.
734 Perl_gv_stashpv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
736 return gv_stashpvn(name, strlen(name), create);
740 =for apidoc gv_stashpvn
742 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package. The C<namelen>
743 parameter indicates the length of the C<name>, in bytes. C<flags> is passed
744 to C<gv_fetchpvn_flags()>, so if set to C<GV_ADD> then the package will be
745 created if it does not already exist. If the package does not exist and
746 C<flags> is 0 (or any other setting that does not create packages) then NULL
754 Perl_gv_stashpvn(pTHX_ const char *name, U32 namelen, I32 flags)
761 if (namelen + 2 <= sizeof smallbuf)
764 Newx(tmpbuf, namelen + 2, char);
765 Copy(name,tmpbuf,namelen,char);
766 tmpbuf[namelen++] = ':';
767 tmpbuf[namelen++] = ':';
768 tmpgv = gv_fetchpvn_flags(tmpbuf, namelen, flags, SVt_PVHV);
769 if (tmpbuf != smallbuf)
774 GvHV(tmpgv) = newHV();
776 if (!HvNAME_get(stash))
777 hv_name_set(stash, name, namelen, 0);
782 =for apidoc gv_stashsv
784 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package. See C<gv_stashpvn>.
790 Perl_gv_stashsv(pTHX_ SV *sv, I32 flags)
793 const char * const ptr = SvPV_const(sv,len);
794 return gv_stashpvn(ptr, len, flags);
799 Perl_gv_fetchpv(pTHX_ const char *nambeg, I32 add, I32 sv_type) {
800 return gv_fetchpvn_flags(nambeg, strlen(nambeg), add, sv_type);
804 Perl_gv_fetchsv(pTHX_ SV *name, I32 flags, I32 sv_type) {
806 const char * const nambeg = SvPV_const(name, len);
807 return gv_fetchpvn_flags(nambeg, len, flags | SvUTF8(name), sv_type);
811 Perl_gv_fetchpvn_flags(pTHX_ const char *nambeg, STRLEN full_len, I32 flags,
815 register const char *name = nambeg;
816 register GV *gv = NULL;
819 register const char *name_cursor;
821 const I32 no_init = flags & (GV_NOADD_NOINIT | GV_NOINIT);
822 const I32 no_expand = flags & GV_NOEXPAND;
823 const I32 add = flags & ~GV_NOADD_MASK;
824 const char *const name_end = nambeg + full_len;
825 const char *const name_em1 = name_end - 1;
827 if (flags & GV_NOTQUAL) {
828 /* Caller promised that there is no stash, so we can skip the check. */
833 if (full_len > 2 && *name == '*' && isALPHA(name[1])) {
834 /* accidental stringify on a GV? */
838 for (name_cursor = name; name_cursor < name_end; name_cursor++) {
839 if ((*name_cursor == ':' && name_cursor < name_em1
840 && name_cursor[1] == ':')
841 || (*name_cursor == '\'' && name_cursor[1]))
845 if (!stash || !SvREFCNT(stash)) /* symbol table under destruction */
848 len = name_cursor - name;
853 if (len + 2 <= (I32)sizeof (smallbuf))
856 Newx(tmpbuf, len+2, char);
857 Copy(name, tmpbuf, len, char);
860 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash,tmpbuf,len,add);
861 gv = gvp ? *gvp : NULL;
862 if (gv && gv != (GV*)&PL_sv_undef) {
863 if (SvTYPE(gv) != SVt_PVGV)
864 gv_init(gv, stash, tmpbuf, len, (add & GV_ADDMULTI));
868 if (tmpbuf != smallbuf)
870 if (!gv || gv == (GV*)&PL_sv_undef)
873 if (!(stash = GvHV(gv)))
874 stash = GvHV(gv) = newHV();
876 if (!HvNAME_get(stash))
877 hv_name_set(stash, nambeg, name_cursor - nambeg, 0);
880 if (*name_cursor == ':')
884 if (name == name_end)
885 return gv ? gv : (GV*)*hv_fetchs(PL_defstash, "main::", TRUE);
888 len = name_cursor - name;
890 /* No stash in name, so see how we can default */
894 if (len && isIDFIRST_lazy(name)) {
903 if ((name[0] == 'I' && name[1] == 'N' && name[2] == 'C')
904 || (name[0] == 'E' && name[1] == 'N' && name[2] == 'V')
905 || (name[0] == 'S' && name[1] == 'I' && name[2] == 'G'))
909 if (name[0] == 'A' && name[1] == 'R' && name[2] == 'G'
914 if (name[0] == 'S' && name[1] == 'T' && name[2] == 'D'
915 && name[3] == 'I' && name[4] == 'N')
919 if ((name[0] == 'S' && name[1] == 'T' && name[2] == 'D')
920 &&((name[3] == 'O' && name[4] == 'U' && name[5] == 'T')
921 ||(name[3] == 'E' && name[4] == 'R' && name[5] == 'R')))
925 if (name[0] == 'A' && name[1] == 'R' && name[2] == 'G'
926 && name[3] == 'V' && name[4] == 'O' && name[5] == 'U'
934 else if (IN_PERL_COMPILETIME) {
936 if (add && (PL_hints & HINT_STRICT_VARS) &&
937 sv_type != SVt_PVCV &&
938 sv_type != SVt_PVGV &&
939 sv_type != SVt_PVFM &&
940 sv_type != SVt_PVIO &&
941 !(len == 1 && sv_type == SVt_PV &&
942 (*name == 'a' || *name == 'b')) )
944 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash,name,len,0);
946 *gvp == (GV*)&PL_sv_undef ||
947 SvTYPE(*gvp) != SVt_PVGV)
951 else if ((sv_type == SVt_PV && !GvIMPORTED_SV(*gvp)) ||
952 (sv_type == SVt_PVAV && !GvIMPORTED_AV(*gvp)) ||
953 (sv_type == SVt_PVHV && !GvIMPORTED_HV(*gvp)) )
955 Perl_warn(aTHX_ "Variable \"%c%s\" is not imported",
956 sv_type == SVt_PVAV ? '@' :
957 sv_type == SVt_PVHV ? '%' : '$',
960 Perl_warn(aTHX_ "\t(Did you mean &%s instead?)\n", name);
966 stash = CopSTASH(PL_curcop);
972 /* By this point we should have a stash and a name */
976 SV * const err = Perl_mess(aTHX_
977 "Global symbol \"%s%s\" requires explicit package name",
978 (sv_type == SVt_PV ? "$"
979 : sv_type == SVt_PVAV ? "@"
980 : sv_type == SVt_PVHV ? "%"
983 if (USE_UTF8_IN_NAMES)
986 gv = gv_fetchpvn_flags("<none>::", 8, GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV);
988 /* symbol table under destruction */
997 if (!SvREFCNT(stash)) /* symbol table under destruction */
1000 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash,name,len,add);
1001 if (!gvp || *gvp == (GV*)&PL_sv_undef)
1004 if (SvTYPE(gv) == SVt_PVGV) {
1007 gv_init_sv(gv, sv_type);
1008 if (len == 1 && (sv_type == SVt_PVHV || sv_type == SVt_PVGV)) {
1010 require_tie_mod(gv, "!", newSVpvs("Errno"), "TIEHASH", 1);
1011 else if (*name == '-' || *name == '+')
1012 require_tie_mod(gv, name, newSVpvs("Tie::Hash::NamedCapture"), "FETCH", 0);
1016 } else if (no_init) {
1018 } else if (no_expand && SvROK(gv)) {
1022 /* Adding a new symbol */
1024 if (add & GV_ADDWARN && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL))
1025 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL), "Had to create %s unexpectedly", nambeg);
1026 gv_init(gv, stash, name, len, add & GV_ADDMULTI);
1027 gv_init_sv(gv, sv_type);
1029 if (isALPHA(name[0]) && ! (isLEXWARN_on ? ckWARN(WARN_ONCE)
1030 : (PL_dowarn & G_WARN_ON ) ) )
1033 /* set up magic where warranted */
1038 /* Nothing else to do.
1039 The compiler will probably turn the switch statement into a
1040 branch table. Make sure we avoid even that small overhead for
1041 the common case of lower case variable names. */
1045 const char * const name2 = name + 1;
1048 if (strEQ(name2, "RGV")) {
1049 IoFLAGS(GvIOn(gv)) |= IOf_ARGV|IOf_START;
1051 else if (strEQ(name2, "RGVOUT")) {
1056 if (strnEQ(name2, "XPORT", 5))
1060 if (strEQ(name2, "SA")) {
1061 AV* const av = GvAVn(gv);
1063 sv_magic((SV*)av, (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_isa, NULL, 0);
1064 /* NOTE: No support for tied ISA */
1065 if ((add & GV_ADDMULTI) && strEQ(nambeg,"AnyDBM_File::ISA")
1066 && AvFILLp(av) == -1)
1069 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "NDBM_File",9));
1070 gv_stashpvn(pname, 9, GV_ADD);
1071 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "DB_File",7));
1072 gv_stashpvn(pname, 7, GV_ADD);
1073 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "GDBM_File",9));
1074 gv_stashpvn(pname, 9, GV_ADD);
1075 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "SDBM_File",9));
1076 gv_stashpvn(pname, 9, GV_ADD);
1077 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "ODBM_File",9));
1078 gv_stashpvn(pname, 9, GV_ADD);
1083 if (strEQ(name2, "VERLOAD")) {
1084 HV* const hv = GvHVn(gv);
1086 hv_magic(hv, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_overload);
1090 if (strEQ(name2, "IG")) {
1094 Newxz(PL_psig_ptr, SIG_SIZE, SV*);
1095 Newxz(PL_psig_name, SIG_SIZE, SV*);
1096 Newxz(PL_psig_pend, SIG_SIZE, int);
1100 hv_magic(hv, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_sig);
1101 for (i = 1; i < SIG_SIZE; i++) {
1102 SV * const * const init = hv_fetch(hv, PL_sig_name[i], strlen(PL_sig_name[i]), 1);
1104 sv_setsv(*init, &PL_sv_undef);
1106 PL_psig_name[i] = 0;
1107 PL_psig_pend[i] = 0;
1112 if (strEQ(name2, "ERSION"))
1115 case '\003': /* $^CHILD_ERROR_NATIVE */
1116 if (strEQ(name2, "HILD_ERROR_NATIVE"))
1119 case '\005': /* $^ENCODING */
1120 if (strEQ(name2, "NCODING"))
1123 case '\015': /* $^MATCH */
1124 if (strEQ(name2, "ATCH"))
1126 case '\017': /* $^OPEN */
1127 if (strEQ(name2, "PEN"))
1130 case '\020': /* $^PREMATCH $^POSTMATCH */
1131 if (strEQ(name2, "REMATCH") || strEQ(name2, "OSTMATCH"))
1133 case '\024': /* ${^TAINT} */
1134 if (strEQ(name2, "AINT"))
1137 case '\025': /* ${^UNICODE}, ${^UTF8LOCALE} */
1138 if (strEQ(name2, "NICODE"))
1140 if (strEQ(name2, "TF8LOCALE"))
1142 if (strEQ(name2, "TF8CACHE"))
1145 case '\027': /* $^WARNING_BITS */
1146 if (strEQ(name2, "ARNING_BITS"))
1159 /* ensures variable is only digits */
1160 /* ${"1foo"} fails this test (and is thus writeable) */
1161 /* added by japhy, but borrowed from is_gv_magical */
1162 const char *end = name + len;
1163 while (--end > name) {
1164 if (!isDIGIT(*end)) return gv;
1171 /* Names of length 1. (Or 0. But name is NUL terminated, so that will
1172 be case '\0' in this switch statement (ie a default case) */
1178 sv_type == SVt_PVAV ||
1179 sv_type == SVt_PVHV ||
1180 sv_type == SVt_PVCV ||
1181 sv_type == SVt_PVFM ||
1184 PL_sawampersand = TRUE;
1188 sv_setpv(GvSVn(gv),PL_chopset);
1192 #ifdef COMPLEX_STATUS
1193 SvUPGRADE(GvSVn(gv), SVt_PVLV);
1199 /* If %! has been used, automatically load Errno.pm. */
1201 sv_magic(GvSVn(gv), (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, len);
1203 /* magicalization must be done before require_tie_mod is called */
1204 if (sv_type == SVt_PVHV || sv_type == SVt_PVGV)
1205 require_tie_mod(gv, "!", newSVpvs("Errno"), "TIEHASH", 1);
1210 GvMULTI_on(gv); /* no used once warnings here */
1212 AV* const av = GvAVn(gv);
1213 SV* const avc = (*name == '+') ? (SV*)av : NULL;
1215 sv_magic((SV*)av, avc, PERL_MAGIC_regdata, NULL, 0);
1216 sv_magic(GvSVn(gv), (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, len);
1218 SvREADONLY_on(GvSVn(gv));
1221 if (sv_type == SVt_PVHV || sv_type == SVt_PVGV)
1222 require_tie_mod(gv, name, newSVpvs("Tie::Hash::NamedCapture"), "FETCH", 0);
1228 if (sv_type == SVt_PV && ckWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX))
1229 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX),
1230 "$%c is no longer supported", *name);
1233 sv_setiv(GvSVn(gv), (IV)(IoFLAGS(GvIOp(PL_defoutgv)) & IOf_FLUSH) != 0);
1236 case '\010': /* $^H */
1238 HV *const hv = GvHVn(gv);
1239 hv_magic(hv, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_hints);
1242 case '\023': /* $^S */
1253 SvREADONLY_on(GvSVn(gv));
1268 case '\001': /* $^A */
1269 case '\003': /* $^C */
1270 case '\004': /* $^D */
1271 case '\005': /* $^E */
1272 case '\006': /* $^F */
1273 case '\011': /* $^I, NOT \t in EBCDIC */
1274 case '\016': /* $^N */
1275 case '\017': /* $^O */
1276 case '\020': /* $^P */
1277 case '\024': /* $^T */
1278 case '\027': /* $^W */
1280 sv_magic(GvSVn(gv), (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, len);
1283 case '\014': /* $^L */
1284 sv_setpvn(GvSVn(gv),"\f",1);
1285 PL_formfeed = GvSVn(gv);
1288 sv_setpvn(GvSVn(gv),"\034",1);
1292 SV * const sv = GvSVn(gv);
1293 if (!sv_derived_from(PL_patchlevel, "version"))
1294 upg_version(PL_patchlevel, TRUE);
1295 GvSV(gv) = vnumify(PL_patchlevel);
1296 SvREADONLY_on(GvSV(gv));
1300 case '\026': /* $^V */
1302 SV * const sv = GvSVn(gv);
1303 GvSV(gv) = new_version(PL_patchlevel);
1304 SvREADONLY_on(GvSV(gv));
1314 Perl_gv_fullname4(pTHX_ SV *sv, const GV *gv, const char *prefix, bool keepmain)
1318 const HV * const hv = GvSTASH(gv);
1323 sv_setpv(sv, prefix ? prefix : "");
1325 name = HvNAME_get(hv);
1327 namelen = HvNAMELEN_get(hv);
1333 if (keepmain || strNE(name, "main")) {
1334 sv_catpvn(sv,name,namelen);
1337 sv_catpvn(sv,GvNAME(gv),GvNAMELEN(gv));
1341 Perl_gv_efullname4(pTHX_ SV *sv, const GV *gv, const char *prefix, bool keepmain)
1343 const GV * const egv = GvEGV(gv);
1344 gv_fullname4(sv, egv ? egv : gv, prefix, keepmain);
1352 IO * const io = (IO*)newSV_type(SVt_PVIO);
1353 /* This used to read SvREFCNT(io) = 1;
1354 It's not clear why the reference count needed an explicit reset. NWC
1356 assert (SvREFCNT(io) == 1);
1358 /* Clear the stashcache because a new IO could overrule a package name */
1359 hv_clear(PL_stashcache);
1360 iogv = gv_fetchpvs("FileHandle::", 0, SVt_PVHV);
1361 /* unless exists($main::{FileHandle}) and defined(%main::FileHandle::) */
1362 if (!(iogv && GvHV(iogv) && HvARRAY(GvHV(iogv))))
1363 iogv = gv_fetchpvs("IO::Handle::", GV_ADD, SVt_PVHV);
1364 SvSTASH_set(io, (HV*)SvREFCNT_inc(GvHV(iogv)));
1369 Perl_gv_check(pTHX_ const HV *stash)
1374 if (!HvARRAY(stash))
1376 for (i = 0; i <= (I32) HvMAX(stash); i++) {
1378 for (entry = HvARRAY(stash)[i]; entry; entry = HeNEXT(entry)) {
1381 if (HeKEY(entry)[HeKLEN(entry)-1] == ':' &&
1382 (gv = (GV*)HeVAL(entry)) && isGV(gv) && (hv = GvHV(gv)))
1384 if (hv != PL_defstash && hv != stash)
1385 gv_check(hv); /* nested package */
1387 else if (isALPHA(*HeKEY(entry))) {
1389 gv = (GV*)HeVAL(entry);
1390 if (SvTYPE(gv) != SVt_PVGV || GvMULTI(gv))
1393 /* performance hack: if filename is absolute and it's a standard
1394 * module, don't bother warning */
1395 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
1396 # define LIB_COMPONENT ":lib:"
1398 # define LIB_COMPONENT "/lib/"
1401 && PERL_FILE_IS_ABSOLUTE(file)
1402 && (instr(file, LIB_COMPONENT) || instr(file, ".pm")))
1406 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, GvLINE(gv));
1408 CopFILE(PL_curcop) = (char *)file; /* set for warning */
1410 CopFILEGV(PL_curcop) = gv_fetchfile(file);
1412 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_ONCE),
1413 "Name \"%s::%s\" used only once: possible typo",
1414 HvNAME_get(stash), GvNAME(gv));
1421 Perl_newGVgen(pTHX_ const char *pack)
1424 return gv_fetchpv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "%s::_GEN_%ld", pack, (long)PL_gensym++),
1428 /* hopefully this is only called on local symbol table entries */
1431 Perl_gp_ref(pTHX_ GP *gp)
1439 /* multi-named GPs cannot be used for method cache */
1440 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_cv);
1445 /* Adding a new name to a subroutine invalidates method cache */
1446 PL_sub_generation++;
1453 Perl_gp_free(pTHX_ GV *gv)
1458 if (!gv || !isGV_with_GP(gv) || !(gp = GvGP(gv)))
1460 if (gp->gp_refcnt == 0) {
1461 if (ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL))
1462 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
1463 "Attempt to free unreferenced glob pointers"
1464 pTHX__FORMAT pTHX__VALUE);
1468 /* Deleting the name of a subroutine invalidates method cache */
1469 PL_sub_generation++;
1471 if (--gp->gp_refcnt > 0) {
1472 if (gp->gp_egv == gv)
1478 if (gp->gp_file_hek)
1479 unshare_hek(gp->gp_file_hek);
1480 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_sv);
1481 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_av);
1482 /* FIXME - another reference loop GV -> symtab -> GV ?
1483 Somehow gp->gp_hv can end up pointing at freed garbage. */
1484 if (gp->gp_hv && SvTYPE(gp->gp_hv) == SVt_PVHV) {
1485 const char *hvname = HvNAME_get(gp->gp_hv);
1486 if (PL_stashcache && hvname)
1487 hv_delete(PL_stashcache, hvname, HvNAMELEN_get(gp->gp_hv),
1489 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_hv);
1491 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_io);
1492 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_cv);
1493 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_form);
1500 Perl_magic_freeovrld(pTHX_ SV *sv, MAGIC *mg)
1502 AMT * const amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr;
1503 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(sv);
1505 if (amtp && AMT_AMAGIC(amtp)) {
1507 for (i = 1; i < NofAMmeth; i++) {
1508 CV * const cv = amtp->table[i];
1510 SvREFCNT_dec((SV *) cv);
1511 amtp->table[i] = NULL;
1518 /* Updates and caches the CV's */
1521 Perl_Gv_AMupdate(pTHX_ HV *stash)
1524 MAGIC* const mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1528 const AMT * const amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr;
1529 if (amtp->was_ok_am == PL_amagic_generation
1530 && amtp->was_ok_sub == PL_sub_generation) {
1531 return (bool)AMT_OVERLOADED(amtp);
1533 sv_unmagic((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1536 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Recalcing overload magic in package %s\n",HvNAME_get(stash)) );
1539 amt.was_ok_am = PL_amagic_generation;
1540 amt.was_ok_sub = PL_sub_generation;
1541 amt.fallback = AMGfallNO;
1545 int filled = 0, have_ovl = 0;
1548 /* Work with "fallback" key, which we assume to be first in PL_AMG_names */
1550 /* Try to find via inheritance. */
1551 GV *gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, PL_AMG_names[0], 2, -1);
1552 SV * const sv = gv ? GvSV(gv) : NULL;
1556 lim = DESTROY_amg; /* Skip overloading entries. */
1557 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
1559 NOOP; /* Equivalent to !SvTRUE and !SvOK */
1562 else if (SvTRUE(sv))
1563 amt.fallback=AMGfallYES;
1565 amt.fallback=AMGfallNEVER;
1567 for (i = 1; i < lim; i++)
1568 amt.table[i] = NULL;
1569 for (; i < NofAMmeth; i++) {
1570 const char * const cooky = PL_AMG_names[i];
1571 /* Human-readable form, for debugging: */
1572 const char * const cp = (i >= DESTROY_amg ? cooky : AMG_id2name(i));
1573 const STRLEN l = strlen(cooky);
1575 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Checking overloading of \"%s\" in package \"%.256s\"\n",
1576 cp, HvNAME_get(stash)) );
1577 /* don't fill the cache while looking up!
1578 Creation of inheritance stubs in intermediate packages may
1579 conflict with the logic of runtime method substitution.
1580 Indeed, for inheritance A -> B -> C, if C overloads "+0",
1581 then we could have created stubs for "(+0" in A and C too.
1582 But if B overloads "bool", we may want to use it for
1583 numifying instead of C's "+0". */
1584 if (i >= DESTROY_amg)
1585 gv = Perl_gv_fetchmeth_autoload(aTHX_ stash, cooky, l, 0);
1586 else /* Autoload taken care of below */
1587 gv = Perl_gv_fetchmeth(aTHX_ stash, cooky, l, -1);
1589 if (gv && (cv = GvCV(gv))) {
1591 if (GvNAMELEN(CvGV(cv)) == 3 && strEQ(GvNAME(CvGV(cv)), "nil")
1592 && strEQ(hvname = HvNAME_get(GvSTASH(CvGV(cv))), "overload")) {
1593 /* This is a hack to support autoloading..., while
1594 knowing *which* methods were declared as overloaded. */
1595 /* GvSV contains the name of the method. */
1597 SV *gvsv = GvSV(gv);
1599 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Resolving method \"%"SVf256\
1600 "\" for overloaded \"%s\" in package \"%.256s\"\n",
1601 (void*)GvSV(gv), cp, hvname) );
1602 if (!gvsv || !SvPOK(gvsv)
1603 || !(ngv = gv_fetchmethod_autoload(stash, SvPVX_const(gvsv),
1606 /* Can be an import stub (created by "can"). */
1607 const char * const name = (gvsv && SvPOK(gvsv)) ? SvPVX_const(gvsv) : "???";
1608 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s method \"%.256s\" overloading \"%s\" "\
1609 "in package \"%.256s\"",
1610 (GvCVGEN(gv) ? "Stub found while resolving"
1614 cv = GvCV(gv = ngv);
1616 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Overloading \"%s\" in package \"%.256s\" via \"%.256s::%.256s\"\n",
1617 cp, HvNAME_get(stash), HvNAME_get(GvSTASH(CvGV(cv))),
1618 GvNAME(CvGV(cv))) );
1620 if (i < DESTROY_amg)
1622 } else if (gv) { /* Autoloaded... */
1626 amt.table[i]=(CV*)SvREFCNT_inc_simple(cv);
1629 AMT_AMAGIC_on(&amt);
1631 AMT_OVERLOADED_on(&amt);
1632 sv_magic((SV*)stash, 0, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table,
1633 (char*)&amt, sizeof(AMT));
1637 /* Here we have no table: */
1639 AMT_AMAGIC_off(&amt);
1640 sv_magic((SV*)stash, 0, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table,
1641 (char*)&amt, sizeof(AMTS));
1647 Perl_gv_handler(pTHX_ HV *stash, I32 id)
1653 if (!stash || !HvNAME_get(stash))
1655 mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1659 mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1662 amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr;
1663 if ( amtp->was_ok_am != PL_amagic_generation
1664 || amtp->was_ok_sub != PL_sub_generation )
1666 if (AMT_AMAGIC(amtp)) {
1667 CV * const ret = amtp->table[id];
1668 if (ret && isGV(ret)) { /* Autoloading stab */
1669 /* Passing it through may have resulted in a warning
1670 "Inherited AUTOLOAD for a non-method deprecated", since
1671 our caller is going through a function call, not a method call.
1672 So return the CV for AUTOLOAD, setting $AUTOLOAD. */
1673 GV * const gv = gv_fetchmethod(stash, PL_AMG_names[id]);
1686 Perl_amagic_call(pTHX_ SV *left, SV *right, int method, int flags)
1691 CV **cvp=NULL, **ocvp=NULL;
1692 AMT *amtp=NULL, *oamtp=NULL;
1693 int off = 0, off1, lr = 0, notfound = 0;
1694 int postpr = 0, force_cpy = 0;
1695 int assign = AMGf_assign & flags;
1696 const int assignshift = assign ? 1 : 0;
1701 if (!(AMGf_noleft & flags) && SvAMAGIC(left)
1702 && (stash = SvSTASH(SvRV(left)))
1703 && (mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table))
1704 && (ocvp = cvp = (AMT_AMAGIC((AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)
1705 ? (oamtp = amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)->table
1707 && ((cv = cvp[off=method+assignshift])
1708 || (assign && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER && /* fallback to
1714 cv = cvp[off=method])))) {
1715 lr = -1; /* Call method for left argument */
1717 if (cvp && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER && flags & AMGf_unary) {
1720 /* look for substituted methods */
1721 /* In all the covered cases we should be called with assign==0. */
1725 if ((cv = cvp[off=add_ass_amg])
1726 || ((cv = cvp[off = add_amg]) && (force_cpy = 0, postpr = 1))) {
1727 right = &PL_sv_yes; lr = -1; assign = 1;
1732 if ((cv = cvp[off = subtr_ass_amg])
1733 || ((cv = cvp[off = subtr_amg]) && (force_cpy = 0, postpr=1))) {
1734 right = &PL_sv_yes; lr = -1; assign = 1;
1738 (void)((cv = cvp[off=numer_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=string_amg]));
1741 (void)((cv = cvp[off=string_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=bool__amg]));
1744 (void)((cv = cvp[off=numer_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=bool__amg]));
1747 (void)((cv = cvp[off=bool__amg])
1748 || (cv = cvp[off=numer_amg])
1749 || (cv = cvp[off=string_amg]));
1755 * SV* ref causes confusion with the interpreter variable of
1758 SV* const tmpRef=SvRV(left);
1759 if (!SvROK(tmpRef) && SvTYPE(tmpRef) <= SVt_PVMG) {
1761 * Just to be extra cautious. Maybe in some
1762 * additional cases sv_setsv is safe, too.
1764 SV* const newref = newSVsv(tmpRef);
1765 SvOBJECT_on(newref);
1766 /* As a bit of a source compatibility hack, SvAMAGIC() and
1767 friends dereference an RV, to behave the same was as when
1768 overloading was stored on the reference, not the referant.
1769 Hence we can't use SvAMAGIC_on()
1771 SvFLAGS(newref) |= SVf_AMAGIC;
1772 SvSTASH_set(newref, (HV*)SvREFCNT_inc(SvSTASH(tmpRef)));
1778 if ((cvp[off1=lt_amg] || cvp[off1=ncmp_amg])
1779 && ((cv = cvp[off=neg_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=subtr_amg]))) {
1780 SV* const nullsv=sv_2mortal(newSViv(0));
1782 SV* const lessp = amagic_call(left,nullsv,
1783 lt_amg,AMGf_noright);
1784 logic = SvTRUE(lessp);
1786 SV* const lessp = amagic_call(left,nullsv,
1787 ncmp_amg,AMGf_noright);
1788 logic = (SvNV(lessp) < 0);
1791 if (off==subtr_amg) {
1802 if ((cv = cvp[off=subtr_amg])) {
1804 left = sv_2mortal(newSViv(0));
1809 case iter_amg: /* XXXX Eventually should do to_gv. */
1811 return NULL; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
1819 return left; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
1824 if (!cv) goto not_found;
1825 } else if (!(AMGf_noright & flags) && SvAMAGIC(right)
1826 && (stash = SvSTASH(SvRV(right)))
1827 && (mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table))
1828 && (cvp = (AMT_AMAGIC((AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)
1829 ? (amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)->table
1831 && (cv = cvp[off=method])) { /* Method for right
1834 } else if (((ocvp && oamtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER
1835 && (cvp=ocvp) && (lr = -1))
1836 || (cvp && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER && (lr=1)))
1837 && !(flags & AMGf_unary)) {
1838 /* We look for substitution for
1839 * comparison operations and
1841 if (method==concat_amg || method==concat_ass_amg
1842 || method==repeat_amg || method==repeat_ass_amg) {
1843 return NULL; /* Delegate operation to string conversion */
1853 postpr = 1; off=ncmp_amg; break;
1860 postpr = 1; off=scmp_amg; break;
1862 if (off != -1) cv = cvp[off];
1867 not_found: /* No method found, either report or croak */
1888 return left; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
1891 if (ocvp && (cv=ocvp[nomethod_amg])) { /* Call report method */
1892 notfound = 1; lr = -1;
1893 } else if (cvp && (cv=cvp[nomethod_amg])) {
1894 notfound = 1; lr = 1;
1895 } else if ((amtp && amtp->fallback >= AMGfallYES) && !DEBUG_o_TEST) {
1896 /* Skip generating the "no method found" message. */
1900 if (off==-1) off=method;
1901 msg = sv_2mortal(Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_
1902 "Operation \"%s\": no method found,%sargument %s%s%s%s",
1903 AMG_id2name(method + assignshift),
1904 (flags & AMGf_unary ? " " : "\n\tleft "),
1906 "in overloaded package ":
1907 "has no overloaded magic",
1909 HvNAME_get(SvSTASH(SvRV(left))):
1912 ",\n\tright argument in overloaded package ":
1915 : ",\n\tright argument has no overloaded magic"),
1917 HvNAME_get(SvSTASH(SvRV(right))):
1919 if (amtp && amtp->fallback >= AMGfallYES) {
1920 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "%s", SvPVX_const(msg)) );
1922 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%"SVf, SVfARG(msg));
1926 force_cpy = force_cpy || assign;
1931 DEBUG_o(Perl_deb(aTHX_
1932 "Overloaded operator \"%s\"%s%s%s:\n\tmethod%s found%s in package %s%s\n",
1934 method+assignshift==off? "" :
1936 method+assignshift==off? "" :
1937 AMG_id2name(method+assignshift),
1938 method+assignshift==off? "" : "\")",
1939 flags & AMGf_unary? "" :
1940 lr==1 ? " for right argument": " for left argument",
1941 flags & AMGf_unary? " for argument" : "",
1942 stash ? HvNAME_get(stash) : "null",
1943 fl? ",\n\tassignment variant used": "") );
1946 /* Since we use shallow copy during assignment, we need
1947 * to dublicate the contents, probably calling user-supplied
1948 * version of copy operator
1950 /* We need to copy in following cases:
1951 * a) Assignment form was called.
1952 * assignshift==1, assign==T, method + 1 == off
1953 * b) Increment or decrement, called directly.
1954 * assignshift==0, assign==0, method + 0 == off
1955 * c) Increment or decrement, translated to assignment add/subtr.
1956 * assignshift==0, assign==T,
1958 * d) Increment or decrement, translated to nomethod.
1959 * assignshift==0, assign==0,
1961 * e) Assignment form translated to nomethod.
1962 * assignshift==1, assign==T, method + 1 != off
1965 /* off is method, method+assignshift, or a result of opcode substitution.
1966 * In the latter case assignshift==0, so only notfound case is important.
1968 if (( (method + assignshift == off)
1969 && (assign || (method == inc_amg) || (method == dec_amg)))
1976 const bool oldcatch = CATCH_GET;
1979 Zero(&myop, 1, BINOP);
1980 myop.op_last = (OP *) &myop;
1981 myop.op_next = NULL;
1982 myop.op_flags = OPf_WANT_SCALAR | OPf_STACKED;
1984 PUSHSTACKi(PERLSI_OVERLOAD);
1987 PL_op = (OP *) &myop;
1988 if (PERLDB_SUB && PL_curstash != PL_debstash)
1989 PL_op->op_private |= OPpENTERSUB_DB;
1993 EXTEND(SP, notfound + 5);
1994 PUSHs(lr>0? right: left);
1995 PUSHs(lr>0? left: right);
1996 PUSHs( lr > 0 ? &PL_sv_yes : ( assign ? &PL_sv_undef : &PL_sv_no ));
1998 PUSHs( sv_2mortal(newSVpv(AMG_id2name(method + assignshift),0)));
2003 if ((PL_op = Perl_pp_entersub(aTHX)))
2011 CATCH_SET(oldcatch);
2018 ans=SvIV(res)<=0; break;
2021 ans=SvIV(res)<0; break;
2024 ans=SvIV(res)>=0; break;
2027 ans=SvIV(res)>0; break;
2030 ans=SvIV(res)==0; break;
2033 ans=SvIV(res)!=0; break;
2036 SvSetSV(left,res); return left;
2038 ans=!SvTRUE(res); break;
2043 } else if (method==copy_amg) {
2045 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Copy method did not return a reference");
2047 return SvREFCNT_inc(SvRV(res));
2055 =for apidoc is_gv_magical_sv
2057 Returns C<TRUE> if given the name of a magical GV. Calls is_gv_magical.
2063 Perl_is_gv_magical_sv(pTHX_ SV *name, U32 flags)
2066 const char * const temp = SvPV_const(name, len);
2067 return is_gv_magical(temp, len, flags);
2071 =for apidoc is_gv_magical
2073 Returns C<TRUE> if given the name of a magical GV.
2075 Currently only useful internally when determining if a GV should be
2076 created even in rvalue contexts.
2078 C<flags> is not used at present but available for future extension to
2079 allow selecting particular classes of magical variable.
2081 Currently assumes that C<name> is NUL terminated (as well as len being valid).
2082 This assumption is met by all callers within the perl core, which all pass
2083 pointers returned by SvPV.
2088 Perl_is_gv_magical(pTHX_ const char *name, STRLEN len, U32 flags)
2090 PERL_UNUSED_CONTEXT;
2091 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(flags);
2094 const char * const name1 = name + 1;
2097 if (len == 3 && name1[1] == 'S' && name[2] == 'A')
2101 if (len == 8 && strEQ(name1, "VERLOAD"))
2105 if (len == 3 && name[1] == 'I' && name[2] == 'G')
2108 /* Using ${^...} variables is likely to be sufficiently rare that
2109 it seems sensible to avoid the space hit of also checking the
2111 case '\017': /* ${^OPEN} */
2112 if (strEQ(name1, "PEN"))
2115 case '\024': /* ${^TAINT} */
2116 if (strEQ(name1, "AINT"))
2119 case '\025': /* ${^UNICODE} */
2120 if (strEQ(name1, "NICODE"))
2122 if (strEQ(name1, "TF8LOCALE"))
2125 case '\027': /* ${^WARNING_BITS} */
2126 if (strEQ(name1, "ARNING_BITS"))
2139 const char *end = name + len;
2140 while (--end > name) {
2148 /* Because we're already assuming that name is NUL terminated
2149 below, we can treat an empty name as "\0" */
2176 case '\001': /* $^A */
2177 case '\003': /* $^C */
2178 case '\004': /* $^D */
2179 case '\005': /* $^E */
2180 case '\006': /* $^F */
2181 case '\010': /* $^H */
2182 case '\011': /* $^I, NOT \t in EBCDIC */
2183 case '\014': /* $^L */
2184 case '\016': /* $^N */
2185 case '\017': /* $^O */
2186 case '\020': /* $^P */
2187 case '\023': /* $^S */
2188 case '\024': /* $^T */
2189 case '\026': /* $^V */
2190 case '\027': /* $^W */
2210 Perl_gv_name_set(pTHX_ GV *gv, const char *name, U32 len, U32 flags)
2216 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(flags);
2219 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: gv name too long (%"UVuf")", (UV) len);
2221 if (!(flags & GV_ADD) && GvNAME_HEK(gv)) {
2222 unshare_hek(GvNAME_HEK(gv));
2225 PERL_HASH(hash, name, len);
2226 GvNAME_HEK(gv) = share_hek(name, len, hash);
2231 * c-indentation-style: bsd
2233 * indent-tabs-mode: t
2236 * ex: set ts=8 sts=4 sw=4 noet: