3 * Copyright (C) 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
4 * 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, by Larry Wall and others
6 * You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
7 * License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
12 * 'Mercy!' cried Gandalf. 'If the giving of information is to be the cure
13 * of your inquisitiveness, I shall spend all the rest of my days answering
14 * you. What more do you want to know?'
15 * 'The names of all the stars, and of all living things, and the whole
16 * history of Middle-earth and Over-heaven and of the Sundering Seas,'
23 A GV is a structure which corresponds to to a Perl typeglob, ie *foo.
24 It is a structure that holds a pointer to a scalar, an array, a hash etc,
25 corresponding to $foo, @foo, %foo.
27 GVs are usually found as values in stashes (symbol table hashes) where
28 Perl stores its global variables.
37 static const char S_autoload[] = "AUTOLOAD";
38 static const STRLEN S_autolen = sizeof(S_autoload)-1;
41 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
43 Perl_gv_SVadd(pTHX_ GV *gv)
45 if (!gv || SvTYPE((SV*)gv) != SVt_PVGV)
46 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for scalar");
54 Perl_gv_AVadd(pTHX_ register GV *gv)
56 if (!gv || SvTYPE((SV*)gv) != SVt_PVGV)
57 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for array");
64 Perl_gv_HVadd(pTHX_ register GV *gv)
66 if (!gv || SvTYPE((SV*)gv) != SVt_PVGV)
67 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for hash");
74 Perl_gv_IOadd(pTHX_ register GV *gv)
77 if (!gv || SvTYPE((SV*)gv) != SVt_PVGV) {
80 * if it walks like a dirhandle, then let's assume that
81 * this is a dirhandle.
83 const char *fh = PL_op->op_type == OP_READDIR ||
84 PL_op->op_type == OP_TELLDIR ||
85 PL_op->op_type == OP_SEEKDIR ||
86 PL_op->op_type == OP_REWINDDIR ||
87 PL_op->op_type == OP_CLOSEDIR ?
88 "dirhandle" : "filehandle";
89 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for %s", fh);
93 #ifdef GV_UNIQUE_CHECK
95 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for filehandle (GV is unique)");
104 Perl_gv_fetchfile(pTHX_ const char *name)
115 tmplen = strlen(name) + 2;
116 if (tmplen < sizeof smallbuf)
119 Newx(tmpbuf, tmplen + 1, char);
120 /* This is where the debugger's %{"::_<$filename"} hash is created */
123 memcpy(tmpbuf + 2, name, tmplen - 1);
124 gv = *(GV**)hv_fetch(PL_defstash, tmpbuf, tmplen, TRUE);
126 gv_init(gv, PL_defstash, tmpbuf, tmplen, FALSE);
127 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
128 GvSV(gv) = newSVpvn(name, tmplen - 2);
130 sv_setpvn(GvSV(gv), name, tmplen - 2);
133 hv_magic(GvHVn(gv_AVadd(gv)), NULL, PERL_MAGIC_dbfile);
135 if (tmpbuf != smallbuf)
141 =for apidoc gv_const_sv
143 If C<gv> is a typeglob whose subroutine entry is a constant sub eligible for
144 inlining, or C<gv> is a placeholder reference that would be promoted to such
145 a typeglob, then returns the value returned by the sub. Otherwise, returns
152 Perl_gv_const_sv(pTHX_ GV *gv)
154 if (SvTYPE(gv) == SVt_PVGV)
155 return cv_const_sv(GvCVu(gv));
156 return SvROK(gv) ? SvRV(gv) : NULL;
160 Perl_gv_init(pTHX_ GV *gv, HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, int multi)
164 const bool doproto = SvTYPE(gv) > SVt_NULL;
165 const char * const proto = (doproto && SvPOK(gv)) ? SvPVX_const(gv) : NULL;
166 SV *const has_constant = doproto && SvROK(gv) ? SvRV(gv) : NULL;
168 assert (!(proto && has_constant));
171 /* The constant has to be a simple scalar type. */
172 switch (SvTYPE(has_constant)) {
178 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Cannot convert a reference to %s to typeglob",
179 sv_reftype(has_constant, 0));
185 sv_upgrade((SV*)gv, SVt_PVGV);
192 Safefree(SvPVX_mutable(gv));
196 GvGP(gv) = gp_ref(gp);
197 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
202 GvLINE(gv) = CopLINE(PL_curcop);
203 /* XXX Ideally this cast would be replaced with a change to const char*
205 GvFILE(gv) = CopFILE(PL_curcop) ? CopFILE(PL_curcop) : (char *) "";
210 Perl_sv_add_backref(aTHX_ (SV*)stash, (SV*)gv);
211 GvNAME(gv) = savepvn(name, len);
213 if (multi || doproto) /* doproto means it _was_ mentioned */
215 if (doproto) { /* Replicate part of newSUB here. */
219 /* newCONSTSUB takes ownership of the reference from us. */
220 GvCV(gv) = newCONSTSUB(stash, name, has_constant);
222 /* XXX unsafe for threads if eval_owner isn't held */
223 (void) start_subparse(0,0); /* Create empty CV in compcv. */
224 GvCV(gv) = PL_compcv;
230 CvFILE_set_from_cop(GvCV(gv), PL_curcop);
231 CvSTASH(GvCV(gv)) = PL_curstash;
233 sv_setpv((SV*)GvCV(gv), proto);
240 S_gv_init_sv(pTHX_ GV *gv, I32 sv_type)
252 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
265 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth
267 Returns the glob with the given C<name> and a defined subroutine or
268 C<NULL>. The glob lives in the given C<stash>, or in the stashes
269 accessible via @ISA and UNIVERSAL::.
271 The argument C<level> should be either 0 or -1. If C<level==0>, as a
272 side-effect creates a glob with the given C<name> in the given C<stash>
273 which in the case of success contains an alias for the subroutine, and sets
274 up caching info for this glob. Similarly for all the searched stashes.
276 This function grants C<"SUPER"> token as a postfix of the stash name. The
277 GV returned from C<gv_fetchmeth> may be a method cache entry, which is not
278 visible to Perl code. So when calling C<call_sv>, you should not use
279 the GV directly; instead, you should use the method's CV, which can be
280 obtained from the GV with the C<GvCV> macro.
286 Perl_gv_fetchmeth(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, I32 level)
296 /* UNIVERSAL methods should be callable without a stash */
298 level = -1; /* probably appropriate */
299 if(!(stash = gv_stashpvs("UNIVERSAL", FALSE)))
303 hvname = HvNAME_get(stash);
306 "Can't use anonymous symbol table for method lookup");
308 if ((level > 100) || (level < -100))
309 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Recursive inheritance detected while looking for method '%s' in package '%s'",
312 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Looking for method %s in package %s\n",name,hvname) );
314 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash, name, len, (level >= 0));
319 if (SvTYPE(topgv) != SVt_PVGV)
320 gv_init(topgv, stash, name, len, TRUE);
321 if ((cv = GvCV(topgv))) {
322 /* If genuine method or valid cache entry, use it */
323 if (!GvCVGEN(topgv) || GvCVGEN(topgv) == PL_sub_generation)
325 /* Stale cached entry: junk it */
327 GvCV(topgv) = cv = NULL;
330 else if (GvCVGEN(topgv) == PL_sub_generation)
331 return 0; /* cache indicates sub doesn't exist */
334 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetchs(stash, "ISA", FALSE);
335 av = (gvp && (gv = *gvp) && gv != (GV*)&PL_sv_undef) ? GvAV(gv) : NULL;
337 /* create and re-create @.*::SUPER::ISA on demand */
338 if (!av || !SvMAGIC(av)) {
339 STRLEN packlen = HvNAMELEN_get(stash);
341 if (packlen >= 7 && strEQ(hvname + packlen - 7, "::SUPER")) {
345 basestash = gv_stashpvn(hvname, packlen, TRUE);
346 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetchs(basestash, "ISA", FALSE);
347 if (gvp && (gv = *gvp) != (GV*)&PL_sv_undef && (av = GvAV(gv))) {
348 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetchs(stash, "ISA", TRUE);
349 if (!gvp || !(gv = *gvp))
350 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Cannot create %s::ISA", hvname);
351 if (SvTYPE(gv) != SVt_PVGV)
352 gv_init(gv, stash, "ISA", 3, TRUE);
353 SvREFCNT_dec(GvAV(gv));
354 GvAV(gv) = (AV*)SvREFCNT_inc(av);
360 SV** svp = AvARRAY(av);
361 /* NOTE: No support for tied ISA */
362 I32 items = AvFILLp(av) + 1;
364 SV* const sv = *svp++;
365 HV* const basestash = gv_stashsv(sv, FALSE);
367 if (ckWARN(WARN_MISC))
368 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_MISC), "Can't locate package %"SVf" for @%s::ISA",
372 gv = gv_fetchmeth(basestash, name, len,
373 (level >= 0) ? level + 1 : level - 1);
379 /* if at top level, try UNIVERSAL */
381 if (level == 0 || level == -1) {
382 HV* const lastchance = gv_stashpvs("UNIVERSAL", FALSE);
385 if ((gv = gv_fetchmeth(lastchance, name, len,
386 (level >= 0) ? level + 1 : level - 1)))
390 * Cache method in topgv if:
391 * 1. topgv has no synonyms (else inheritance crosses wires)
392 * 2. method isn't a stub (else AUTOLOAD fails spectacularly)
395 GvREFCNT(topgv) == 1 &&
397 (CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv)))
399 if ((cv = GvCV(topgv)))
401 GvCV(topgv) = (CV*)SvREFCNT_inc(GvCV(gv));
402 GvCVGEN(topgv) = PL_sub_generation;
406 else if (topgv && GvREFCNT(topgv) == 1) {
407 /* cache the fact that the method is not defined */
408 GvCVGEN(topgv) = PL_sub_generation;
417 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth_autoload
419 Same as gv_fetchmeth(), but looks for autoloaded subroutines too.
420 Returns a glob for the subroutine.
422 For an autoloaded subroutine without a GV, will create a GV even
423 if C<level < 0>. For an autoloaded subroutine without a stub, GvCV()
424 of the result may be zero.
430 Perl_gv_fetchmeth_autoload(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, I32 level)
432 GV *gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, name, len, level);
439 return NULL; /* UNIVERSAL::AUTOLOAD could cause trouble */
440 if (len == S_autolen && strnEQ(name, S_autoload, S_autolen))
442 if (!(gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, S_autoload, S_autolen, FALSE)))
445 if (!(CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv)))
447 /* Have an autoload */
448 if (level < 0) /* Cannot do without a stub */
449 gv_fetchmeth(stash, name, len, 0);
450 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash, name, len, (level >= 0));
459 =for apidoc gv_fetchmethod_autoload
461 Returns the glob which contains the subroutine to call to invoke the method
462 on the C<stash>. In fact in the presence of autoloading this may be the
463 glob for "AUTOLOAD". In this case the corresponding variable $AUTOLOAD is
466 The third parameter of C<gv_fetchmethod_autoload> determines whether
467 AUTOLOAD lookup is performed if the given method is not present: non-zero
468 means yes, look for AUTOLOAD; zero means no, don't look for AUTOLOAD.
469 Calling C<gv_fetchmethod> is equivalent to calling C<gv_fetchmethod_autoload>
470 with a non-zero C<autoload> parameter.
472 These functions grant C<"SUPER"> token as a prefix of the method name. Note
473 that if you want to keep the returned glob for a long time, you need to
474 check for it being "AUTOLOAD", since at the later time the call may load a
475 different subroutine due to $AUTOLOAD changing its value. Use the glob
476 created via a side effect to do this.
478 These functions have the same side-effects and as C<gv_fetchmeth> with
479 C<level==0>. C<name> should be writable if contains C<':'> or C<'
480 ''>. The warning against passing the GV returned by C<gv_fetchmeth> to
481 C<call_sv> apply equally to these functions.
487 Perl_gv_fetchmethod_autoload(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, I32 autoload)
490 register const char *nend;
491 const char *nsplit = NULL;
495 if (stash && SvTYPE(stash) < SVt_PVHV)
498 for (nend = name; *nend; nend++) {
501 else if (*nend == ':' && *(nend + 1) == ':')
505 const char * const origname = name;
509 if ((nsplit - origname) == 5 && strnEQ(origname, "SUPER", 5)) {
510 /* ->SUPER::method should really be looked up in original stash */
511 SV *tmpstr = sv_2mortal(Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_ "%s::SUPER",
512 CopSTASHPV(PL_curcop)));
513 /* __PACKAGE__::SUPER stash should be autovivified */
514 stash = gv_stashpvn(SvPVX_const(tmpstr), SvCUR(tmpstr), TRUE);
515 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Treating %s as %s::%s\n",
516 origname, HvNAME_get(stash), name) );
519 /* don't autovifify if ->NoSuchStash::method */
520 stash = gv_stashpvn(origname, nsplit - origname, FALSE);
522 /* however, explicit calls to Pkg::SUPER::method may
523 happen, and may require autovivification to work */
524 if (!stash && (nsplit - origname) >= 7 &&
525 strnEQ(nsplit - 7, "::SUPER", 7) &&
526 gv_stashpvn(origname, nsplit - origname - 7, FALSE))
527 stash = gv_stashpvn(origname, nsplit - origname, TRUE);
532 gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, name, nend - name, 0);
534 if (strEQ(name,"import") || strEQ(name,"unimport"))
535 gv = (GV*)&PL_sv_yes;
537 gv = gv_autoload4(ostash, name, nend - name, TRUE);
540 CV* const cv = GvCV(gv);
541 if (!CvROOT(cv) && !CvXSUB(cv)) {
549 if (GvCV(stubgv) != cv) /* orphaned import */
552 autogv = gv_autoload4(GvSTASH(stubgv),
553 GvNAME(stubgv), GvNAMELEN(stubgv), TRUE);
563 Perl_gv_autoload4(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, I32 method)
571 const char *packname = "";
574 if (len == S_autolen && strnEQ(name, S_autoload, S_autolen))
577 if (SvTYPE(stash) < SVt_PVHV) {
578 packname = SvPV_const((SV*)stash, packname_len);
582 packname = HvNAME_get(stash);
583 packname_len = HvNAMELEN_get(stash);
586 if (!(gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, S_autoload, S_autolen, FALSE)))
590 if (!(CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv)))
594 * Inheriting AUTOLOAD for non-methods works ... for now.
596 if (!method && (GvCVGEN(gv) || GvSTASH(gv) != stash)
597 && ckWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX)
599 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX),
600 "Use of inherited AUTOLOAD for non-method %s::%.*s() is deprecated",
601 packname, (int)len, name);
604 /* rather than lookup/init $AUTOLOAD here
605 * only to have the XSUB do another lookup for $AUTOLOAD
606 * and split that value on the last '::',
607 * pass along the same data via some unused fields in the CV
610 SvPV_set(cv, (char *)name); /* cast to lose constness warning */
616 * Given &FOO::AUTOLOAD, set $FOO::AUTOLOAD to desired function name.
617 * The subroutine's original name may not be "AUTOLOAD", so we don't
618 * use that, but for lack of anything better we will use the sub's
619 * original package to look up $AUTOLOAD.
621 varstash = GvSTASH(CvGV(cv));
622 vargv = *(GV**)hv_fetch(varstash, S_autoload, S_autolen, TRUE);
626 gv_init(vargv, varstash, S_autoload, S_autolen, FALSE);
627 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
628 GvSV(vargv) = newSV(0);
632 varsv = GvSVn(vargv);
633 sv_setpvn(varsv, packname, packname_len);
634 sv_catpvs(varsv, "::");
635 sv_catpvn(varsv, name, len);
636 SvTAINTED_off(varsv);
640 /* The "gv" parameter should be the glob known to Perl code as *!
641 * The scalar must already have been magicalized.
644 S_require_errno(pTHX_ GV *gv)
647 HV* stash = gv_stashpvs("Errno", FALSE);
649 if (!stash || !(gv_fetchmethod(stash, "TIEHASH"))) {
653 save_scalar(gv); /* keep the value of $! */
654 Perl_load_module(aTHX_ PERL_LOADMOD_NOIMPORT,
655 newSVpvs("Errno"), NULL);
658 stash = gv_stashpvs("Errno", FALSE);
659 if (!stash || !(gv_fetchmethod(stash, "TIEHASH")))
660 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't use %%! because Errno.pm is not available");
665 =for apidoc gv_stashpv
667 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package. C<name> should
668 be a valid UTF-8 string and must be null-terminated. If C<create> is set
669 then the package will be created if it does not already exist. If C<create>
670 is not set and the package does not exist then NULL is returned.
676 Perl_gv_stashpv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
678 return gv_stashpvn(name, strlen(name), create);
682 =for apidoc gv_stashpvn
684 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package. C<name> should
685 be a valid UTF-8 string. The C<namelen> parameter indicates the length of
686 the C<name>, in bytes. If C<create> is set then the package will be
687 created if it does not already exist. If C<create> is not set and the
688 package does not exist then NULL is returned.
694 Perl_gv_stashpvn(pTHX_ const char *name, U32 namelen, I32 create)
701 if (namelen + 3 < sizeof smallbuf)
704 Newx(tmpbuf, namelen + 3, char);
705 Copy(name,tmpbuf,namelen,char);
706 tmpbuf[namelen++] = ':';
707 tmpbuf[namelen++] = ':';
708 tmpbuf[namelen] = '\0';
709 tmpgv = gv_fetchpvn_flags(tmpbuf, namelen, create, SVt_PVHV);
710 if (tmpbuf != smallbuf)
715 GvHV(tmpgv) = newHV();
717 if (!HvNAME_get(stash))
718 hv_name_set(stash, name, namelen, 0);
723 =for apidoc gv_stashsv
725 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package, which must be a
726 valid UTF-8 string. See C<gv_stashpv>.
732 Perl_gv_stashsv(pTHX_ SV *sv, I32 create)
735 const char * const ptr = SvPV_const(sv,len);
736 return gv_stashpvn(ptr, len, create);
741 Perl_gv_fetchpv(pTHX_ const char *nambeg, I32 add, I32 sv_type) {
742 return gv_fetchpvn_flags(nambeg, strlen(nambeg), add, sv_type);
746 Perl_gv_fetchsv(pTHX_ SV *name, I32 flags, I32 sv_type) {
748 const char * const nambeg = SvPV_const(name, len);
749 return gv_fetchpvn_flags(nambeg, len, flags | SvUTF8(name), sv_type);
753 Perl_gv_fetchpvn_flags(pTHX_ const char *nambeg, STRLEN full_len, I32 flags,
757 register const char *name = nambeg;
758 register GV *gv = NULL;
761 register const char *name_cursor;
763 const I32 no_init = flags & (GV_NOADD_NOINIT | GV_NOINIT);
764 const I32 no_expand = flags & GV_NOEXPAND;
766 flags & ~SVf_UTF8 & ~GV_NOADD_NOINIT & ~GV_NOEXPAND & ~GV_NOTQUAL;
767 const char *const name_end = nambeg + full_len;
768 const char *const name_em1 = name_end - 1;
770 if (flags & GV_NOTQUAL) {
771 /* Caller promised that there is no stash, so we can skip the check. */
776 if (full_len > 2 && *name == '*' && isALPHA(name[1])) {
777 /* accidental stringify on a GV? */
781 for (name_cursor = name; name_cursor < name_end; name_cursor++) {
782 if ((*name_cursor == ':' && name_cursor < name_em1
783 && name_cursor[1] == ':')
784 || (*name_cursor == '\'' && name_cursor[1]))
788 if (!stash || !SvREFCNT(stash)) /* symbol table under destruction */
791 len = name_cursor - name;
796 if (len + 3 < sizeof (smallbuf))
799 Newx(tmpbuf, len+3, char);
800 Copy(name, tmpbuf, len, char);
804 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash,tmpbuf,len,add);
805 gv = gvp ? *gvp : NULL;
806 if (gv && gv != (GV*)&PL_sv_undef) {
807 if (SvTYPE(gv) != SVt_PVGV)
808 gv_init(gv, stash, tmpbuf, len, (add & GV_ADDMULTI));
812 if (tmpbuf != smallbuf)
814 if (!gv || gv == (GV*)&PL_sv_undef)
817 if (!(stash = GvHV(gv)))
818 stash = GvHV(gv) = newHV();
820 if (!HvNAME_get(stash))
821 hv_name_set(stash, nambeg, name_cursor - nambeg, 0);
824 if (*name_cursor == ':')
828 if (name == name_end)
829 return gv ? gv : (GV*)*hv_fetchs(PL_defstash, "main::", TRUE);
832 len = name_cursor - name;
834 /* No stash in name, so see how we can default */
838 if (len && isIDFIRST_lazy(name)) {
847 if ((name[0] == 'I' && name[1] == 'N' && name[2] == 'C')
848 || (name[0] == 'E' && name[1] == 'N' && name[2] == 'V')
849 || (name[0] == 'S' && name[1] == 'I' && name[2] == 'G'))
853 if (name[0] == 'A' && name[1] == 'R' && name[2] == 'G'
858 if (name[0] == 'S' && name[1] == 'T' && name[2] == 'D'
859 && name[3] == 'I' && name[4] == 'N')
863 if ((name[0] == 'S' && name[1] == 'T' && name[2] == 'D')
864 &&((name[3] == 'O' && name[4] == 'U' && name[5] == 'T')
865 ||(name[3] == 'E' && name[4] == 'R' && name[5] == 'R')))
869 if (name[0] == 'A' && name[1] == 'R' && name[2] == 'G'
870 && name[3] == 'V' && name[4] == 'O' && name[5] == 'U'
878 else if (IN_PERL_COMPILETIME) {
880 if (add && (PL_hints & HINT_STRICT_VARS) &&
881 sv_type != SVt_PVCV &&
882 sv_type != SVt_PVGV &&
883 sv_type != SVt_PVFM &&
884 sv_type != SVt_PVIO &&
885 !(len == 1 && sv_type == SVt_PV &&
886 (*name == 'a' || *name == 'b')) )
888 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash,name,len,0);
890 *gvp == (GV*)&PL_sv_undef ||
891 SvTYPE(*gvp) != SVt_PVGV)
895 else if ((sv_type == SVt_PV && !GvIMPORTED_SV(*gvp)) ||
896 (sv_type == SVt_PVAV && !GvIMPORTED_AV(*gvp)) ||
897 (sv_type == SVt_PVHV && !GvIMPORTED_HV(*gvp)) )
899 Perl_warn(aTHX_ "Variable \"%c%s\" is not imported",
900 sv_type == SVt_PVAV ? '@' :
901 sv_type == SVt_PVHV ? '%' : '$',
904 Perl_warn(aTHX_ "\t(Did you mean &%s instead?)\n", name);
910 stash = CopSTASH(PL_curcop);
916 /* By this point we should have a stash and a name */
920 SV * const err = Perl_mess(aTHX_
921 "Global symbol \"%s%s\" requires explicit package name",
922 (sv_type == SVt_PV ? "$"
923 : sv_type == SVt_PVAV ? "@"
924 : sv_type == SVt_PVHV ? "%"
926 if (USE_UTF8_IN_NAMES)
929 stash = GvHV(gv_fetchpvn_flags("<none>::", 8, GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV));
935 if (!SvREFCNT(stash)) /* symbol table under destruction */
938 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash,name,len,add);
939 if (!gvp || *gvp == (GV*)&PL_sv_undef)
942 if (SvTYPE(gv) == SVt_PVGV) {
945 gv_init_sv(gv, sv_type);
946 if (*name=='!' && sv_type == SVt_PVHV && len==1)
950 } else if (no_init) {
952 } else if (no_expand && SvROK(gv)) {
956 /* Adding a new symbol */
958 if (add & GV_ADDWARN && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL))
959 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL), "Had to create %s unexpectedly", nambeg);
960 gv_init(gv, stash, name, len, add & GV_ADDMULTI);
961 gv_init_sv(gv, sv_type);
963 if (isALPHA(name[0]) && ! (isLEXWARN_on ? ckWARN(WARN_ONCE)
964 : (PL_dowarn & G_WARN_ON ) ) )
967 /* set up magic where warranted */
972 /* Nothing else to do.
973 The compiler will probably turn the switch statement into a
974 branch table. Make sure we avoid even that small overhead for
975 the common case of lower case variable names. */
979 const char * const name2 = name + 1;
982 if (strEQ(name2, "RGV")) {
983 IoFLAGS(GvIOn(gv)) |= IOf_ARGV|IOf_START;
987 if (strnEQ(name2, "XPORT", 5))
991 if (strEQ(name2, "SA")) {
992 AV* const av = GvAVn(gv);
994 sv_magic((SV*)av, (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_isa, NULL, 0);
995 /* NOTE: No support for tied ISA */
996 if ((add & GV_ADDMULTI) && strEQ(nambeg,"AnyDBM_File::ISA")
997 && AvFILLp(av) == -1)
1000 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "NDBM_File",9));
1001 gv_stashpvn(pname, 9, TRUE);
1002 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "DB_File",7));
1003 gv_stashpvn(pname, 7, TRUE);
1004 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "GDBM_File",9));
1005 gv_stashpvn(pname, 9, TRUE);
1006 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "SDBM_File",9));
1007 gv_stashpvn(pname, 9, TRUE);
1008 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "ODBM_File",9));
1009 gv_stashpvn(pname, 9, TRUE);
1014 if (strEQ(name2, "VERLOAD")) {
1015 HV* const hv = GvHVn(gv);
1017 hv_magic(hv, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_overload);
1021 if (strEQ(name2, "IG")) {
1025 Newxz(PL_psig_ptr, SIG_SIZE, SV*);
1026 Newxz(PL_psig_name, SIG_SIZE, SV*);
1027 Newxz(PL_psig_pend, SIG_SIZE, int);
1031 hv_magic(hv, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_sig);
1032 for (i = 1; i < SIG_SIZE; i++) {
1033 SV * const * const init = hv_fetch(hv, PL_sig_name[i], strlen(PL_sig_name[i]), 1);
1035 sv_setsv(*init, &PL_sv_undef);
1037 PL_psig_name[i] = 0;
1038 PL_psig_pend[i] = 0;
1043 if (strEQ(name2, "ERSION"))
1046 case '\003': /* $^CHILD_ERROR_NATIVE */
1047 if (strEQ(name2, "HILD_ERROR_NATIVE"))
1050 case '\005': /* $^ENCODING */
1051 if (strEQ(name2, "NCODING"))
1054 case '\017': /* $^OPEN */
1055 if (strEQ(name2, "PEN"))
1058 case '\024': /* ${^TAINT} */
1059 if (strEQ(name2, "AINT"))
1062 case '\025': /* ${^UNICODE}, ${^UTF8LOCALE} */
1063 if (strEQ(name2, "NICODE"))
1065 if (strEQ(name2, "TF8LOCALE"))
1068 case '\027': /* $^WARNING_BITS */
1069 if (strEQ(name2, "ARNING_BITS"))
1082 /* ensures variable is only digits */
1083 /* ${"1foo"} fails this test (and is thus writeable) */
1084 /* added by japhy, but borrowed from is_gv_magical */
1085 const char *end = name + len;
1086 while (--end > name) {
1087 if (!isDIGIT(*end)) return gv;
1094 /* Names of length 1. (Or 0. But name is NUL terminated, so that will
1095 be case '\0' in this switch statement (ie a default case) */
1101 sv_type == SVt_PVAV ||
1102 sv_type == SVt_PVHV ||
1103 sv_type == SVt_PVCV ||
1104 sv_type == SVt_PVFM ||
1107 PL_sawampersand = TRUE;
1111 sv_setpv(GvSVn(gv),PL_chopset);
1115 #ifdef COMPLEX_STATUS
1116 SvUPGRADE(GvSVn(gv), SVt_PVLV);
1122 /* If %! has been used, automatically load Errno.pm.
1123 The require will itself set errno, so in order to
1124 preserve its value we have to set up the magic
1125 now (rather than going to magicalize)
1128 sv_magic(GvSVn(gv), (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, len);
1130 if (sv_type == SVt_PVHV)
1136 AV* const av = GvAVn(gv);
1137 sv_magic((SV*)av, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_regdata, NULL, 0);
1143 if (sv_type == SVt_PV && ckWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX))
1144 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX),
1145 "$%c is no longer supported", *name);
1148 sv_setiv(GvSVn(gv), (IV)(IoFLAGS(GvIOp(PL_defoutgv)) & IOf_FLUSH) != 0);
1153 AV* const av = GvAVn(gv);
1154 sv_magic((SV*)av, (SV*)av, PERL_MAGIC_regdata, NULL, 0);
1158 case '\023': /* $^S */
1169 SvREADONLY_on(GvSVn(gv));
1184 case '\001': /* $^A */
1185 case '\003': /* $^C */
1186 case '\004': /* $^D */
1187 case '\005': /* $^E */
1188 case '\006': /* $^F */
1189 case '\010': /* $^H */
1190 case '\011': /* $^I, NOT \t in EBCDIC */
1191 case '\016': /* $^N */
1192 case '\017': /* $^O */
1193 case '\020': /* $^P */
1194 case '\024': /* $^T */
1195 case '\027': /* $^W */
1197 sv_magic(GvSVn(gv), (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, len);
1200 case '\014': /* $^L */
1201 sv_setpvn(GvSVn(gv),"\f",1);
1202 PL_formfeed = GvSVn(gv);
1205 sv_setpvn(GvSVn(gv),"\034",1);
1209 SV * const sv = GvSVn(gv);
1210 if (!sv_derived_from(PL_patchlevel, "version"))
1211 upg_version(PL_patchlevel);
1212 GvSV(gv) = vnumify(PL_patchlevel);
1213 SvREADONLY_on(GvSV(gv));
1217 case '\026': /* $^V */
1219 SV * const sv = GvSVn(gv);
1220 GvSV(gv) = new_version(PL_patchlevel);
1221 SvREADONLY_on(GvSV(gv));
1231 Perl_gv_fullname4(pTHX_ SV *sv, const GV *gv, const char *prefix, bool keepmain)
1235 const HV * const hv = GvSTASH(gv);
1240 sv_setpv(sv, prefix ? prefix : "");
1242 name = HvNAME_get(hv);
1244 namelen = HvNAMELEN_get(hv);
1250 if (keepmain || strNE(name, "main")) {
1251 sv_catpvn(sv,name,namelen);
1254 sv_catpvn(sv,GvNAME(gv),GvNAMELEN(gv));
1258 Perl_gv_efullname4(pTHX_ SV *sv, const GV *gv, const char *prefix, bool keepmain)
1260 const GV * const egv = GvEGV(gv);
1261 gv_fullname4(sv, egv ? egv : gv, prefix, keepmain);
1269 IO * const io = (IO*)newSV(0);
1271 sv_upgrade((SV *)io,SVt_PVIO);
1272 /* This used to read SvREFCNT(io) = 1;
1273 It's not clear why the reference count needed an explicit reset. NWC
1275 assert (SvREFCNT(io) == 1);
1277 /* Clear the stashcache because a new IO could overrule a package name */
1278 hv_clear(PL_stashcache);
1279 iogv = gv_fetchpvs("FileHandle::", 0, SVt_PVHV);
1280 /* unless exists($main::{FileHandle}) and defined(%main::FileHandle::) */
1281 if (!(iogv && GvHV(iogv) && HvARRAY(GvHV(iogv))))
1282 iogv = gv_fetchpvs("IO::Handle::", GV_ADD, SVt_PVHV);
1283 SvSTASH_set(io, (HV*)SvREFCNT_inc(GvHV(iogv)));
1288 Perl_gv_check(pTHX_ HV *stash)
1293 if (!HvARRAY(stash))
1295 for (i = 0; i <= (I32) HvMAX(stash); i++) {
1297 for (entry = HvARRAY(stash)[i]; entry; entry = HeNEXT(entry)) {
1300 if (HeKEY(entry)[HeKLEN(entry)-1] == ':' &&
1301 (gv = (GV*)HeVAL(entry)) && isGV(gv) && (hv = GvHV(gv)))
1303 if (hv != PL_defstash && hv != stash)
1304 gv_check(hv); /* nested package */
1306 else if (isALPHA(*HeKEY(entry))) {
1308 gv = (GV*)HeVAL(entry);
1309 if (SvTYPE(gv) != SVt_PVGV || GvMULTI(gv))
1312 /* performance hack: if filename is absolute and it's a standard
1313 * module, don't bother warning */
1314 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
1315 # define LIB_COMPONENT ":lib:"
1317 # define LIB_COMPONENT "/lib/"
1320 && PERL_FILE_IS_ABSOLUTE(file)
1321 && (instr(file, LIB_COMPONENT) || instr(file, ".pm")))
1325 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, GvLINE(gv));
1327 CopFILE(PL_curcop) = (char *)file; /* set for warning */
1329 CopFILEGV(PL_curcop) = gv_fetchfile(file);
1331 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_ONCE),
1332 "Name \"%s::%s\" used only once: possible typo",
1333 HvNAME_get(stash), GvNAME(gv));
1340 Perl_newGVgen(pTHX_ const char *pack)
1343 return gv_fetchpv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "%s::_GEN_%ld", pack, (long)PL_gensym++),
1347 /* hopefully this is only called on local symbol table entries */
1350 Perl_gp_ref(pTHX_ GP *gp)
1358 /* multi-named GPs cannot be used for method cache */
1359 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_cv);
1364 /* Adding a new name to a subroutine invalidates method cache */
1365 PL_sub_generation++;
1372 Perl_gp_free(pTHX_ GV *gv)
1377 if (!gv || !isGV_with_GP(gv) || !(gp = GvGP(gv)))
1379 if (gp->gp_refcnt == 0) {
1380 if (ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL))
1381 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
1382 "Attempt to free unreferenced glob pointers"
1383 pTHX__FORMAT pTHX__VALUE);
1387 /* Deleting the name of a subroutine invalidates method cache */
1388 PL_sub_generation++;
1390 if (--gp->gp_refcnt > 0) {
1391 if (gp->gp_egv == gv)
1397 if (gp->gp_sv) SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_sv);
1398 if (gp->gp_av) SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_av);
1399 /* FIXME - another reference loop GV -> symtab -> GV ?
1400 Somehow gp->gp_hv can end up pointing at freed garbage. */
1401 if (gp->gp_hv && SvTYPE(gp->gp_hv) == SVt_PVHV) {
1402 const char *hvname = HvNAME_get(gp->gp_hv);
1403 if (PL_stashcache && hvname)
1404 hv_delete(PL_stashcache, hvname, HvNAMELEN_get(gp->gp_hv),
1406 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_hv);
1408 if (gp->gp_io) SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_io);
1409 if (gp->gp_cv) SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_cv);
1410 if (gp->gp_form) SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_form);
1417 Perl_magic_freeovrld(pTHX_ SV *sv, MAGIC *mg)
1419 AMT * const amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr;
1420 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(sv);
1422 if (amtp && AMT_AMAGIC(amtp)) {
1424 for (i = 1; i < NofAMmeth; i++) {
1425 CV * const cv = amtp->table[i];
1427 SvREFCNT_dec((SV *) cv);
1428 amtp->table[i] = NULL;
1435 /* Updates and caches the CV's */
1438 Perl_Gv_AMupdate(pTHX_ HV *stash)
1441 MAGIC* const mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1442 AMT * const amtp = (mg) ? (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr: (AMT *) NULL;
1445 if (mg && amtp->was_ok_am == PL_amagic_generation
1446 && amtp->was_ok_sub == PL_sub_generation)
1447 return (bool)AMT_OVERLOADED(amtp);
1448 sv_unmagic((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1450 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Recalcing overload magic in package %s\n",HvNAME_get(stash)) );
1453 amt.was_ok_am = PL_amagic_generation;
1454 amt.was_ok_sub = PL_sub_generation;
1455 amt.fallback = AMGfallNO;
1459 int filled = 0, have_ovl = 0;
1462 /* Work with "fallback" key, which we assume to be first in PL_AMG_names */
1464 /* Try to find via inheritance. */
1465 GV *gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, PL_AMG_names[0], 2, -1);
1466 SV * const sv = gv ? GvSV(gv) : NULL;
1470 lim = DESTROY_amg; /* Skip overloading entries. */
1471 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
1473 /*EMPTY*/; /* Equivalent to !SvTRUE and !SvOK */
1476 else if (SvTRUE(sv))
1477 amt.fallback=AMGfallYES;
1479 amt.fallback=AMGfallNEVER;
1481 for (i = 1; i < lim; i++)
1482 amt.table[i] = NULL;
1483 for (; i < NofAMmeth; i++) {
1484 const char * const cooky = PL_AMG_names[i];
1485 /* Human-readable form, for debugging: */
1486 const char * const cp = (i >= DESTROY_amg ? cooky : AMG_id2name(i));
1487 const STRLEN l = strlen(cooky);
1489 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Checking overloading of \"%s\" in package \"%.256s\"\n",
1490 cp, HvNAME_get(stash)) );
1491 /* don't fill the cache while looking up!
1492 Creation of inheritance stubs in intermediate packages may
1493 conflict with the logic of runtime method substitution.
1494 Indeed, for inheritance A -> B -> C, if C overloads "+0",
1495 then we could have created stubs for "(+0" in A and C too.
1496 But if B overloads "bool", we may want to use it for
1497 numifying instead of C's "+0". */
1498 if (i >= DESTROY_amg)
1499 gv = Perl_gv_fetchmeth_autoload(aTHX_ stash, cooky, l, 0);
1500 else /* Autoload taken care of below */
1501 gv = Perl_gv_fetchmeth(aTHX_ stash, cooky, l, -1);
1503 if (gv && (cv = GvCV(gv))) {
1505 if (GvNAMELEN(CvGV(cv)) == 3 && strEQ(GvNAME(CvGV(cv)), "nil")
1506 && strEQ(hvname = HvNAME_get(GvSTASH(CvGV(cv))), "overload")) {
1507 /* This is a hack to support autoloading..., while
1508 knowing *which* methods were declared as overloaded. */
1509 /* GvSV contains the name of the method. */
1511 SV *gvsv = GvSV(gv);
1513 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Resolving method \"%"SVf256\
1514 "\" for overloaded \"%s\" in package \"%.256s\"\n",
1515 GvSV(gv), cp, hvname) );
1516 if (!gvsv || !SvPOK(gvsv)
1517 || !(ngv = gv_fetchmethod_autoload(stash, SvPVX_const(gvsv),
1520 /* Can be an import stub (created by "can"). */
1521 const char * const name = (gvsv && SvPOK(gvsv)) ? SvPVX_const(gvsv) : "???";
1522 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s method \"%.256s\" overloading \"%s\" "\
1523 "in package \"%.256s\"",
1524 (GvCVGEN(gv) ? "Stub found while resolving"
1528 cv = GvCV(gv = ngv);
1530 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Overloading \"%s\" in package \"%.256s\" via \"%.256s::%.256s\"\n",
1531 cp, HvNAME_get(stash), HvNAME_get(GvSTASH(CvGV(cv))),
1532 GvNAME(CvGV(cv))) );
1534 if (i < DESTROY_amg)
1536 } else if (gv) { /* Autoloaded... */
1540 amt.table[i]=(CV*)SvREFCNT_inc(cv);
1543 AMT_AMAGIC_on(&amt);
1545 AMT_OVERLOADED_on(&amt);
1546 sv_magic((SV*)stash, 0, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table,
1547 (char*)&amt, sizeof(AMT));
1551 /* Here we have no table: */
1553 AMT_AMAGIC_off(&amt);
1554 sv_magic((SV*)stash, 0, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table,
1555 (char*)&amt, sizeof(AMTS));
1561 Perl_gv_handler(pTHX_ HV *stash, I32 id)
1567 if (!stash || !HvNAME_get(stash))
1569 mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1573 mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1575 amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr;
1576 if ( amtp->was_ok_am != PL_amagic_generation
1577 || amtp->was_ok_sub != PL_sub_generation )
1579 if (AMT_AMAGIC(amtp)) {
1580 CV * const ret = amtp->table[id];
1581 if (ret && isGV(ret)) { /* Autoloading stab */
1582 /* Passing it through may have resulted in a warning
1583 "Inherited AUTOLOAD for a non-method deprecated", since
1584 our caller is going through a function call, not a method call.
1585 So return the CV for AUTOLOAD, setting $AUTOLOAD. */
1586 GV * const gv = gv_fetchmethod(stash, PL_AMG_names[id]);
1599 Perl_amagic_call(pTHX_ SV *left, SV *right, int method, int flags)
1604 CV **cvp=NULL, **ocvp=NULL;
1605 AMT *amtp=NULL, *oamtp=NULL;
1606 int off = 0, off1, lr = 0, notfound = 0;
1607 int postpr = 0, force_cpy = 0;
1608 int assign = AMGf_assign & flags;
1609 const int assignshift = assign ? 1 : 0;
1614 if (!(AMGf_noleft & flags) && SvAMAGIC(left)
1615 && (stash = SvSTASH(SvRV(left)))
1616 && (mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table))
1617 && (ocvp = cvp = (AMT_AMAGIC((AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)
1618 ? (oamtp = amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)->table
1620 && ((cv = cvp[off=method+assignshift])
1621 || (assign && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER && /* fallback to
1627 cv = cvp[off=method])))) {
1628 lr = -1; /* Call method for left argument */
1630 if (cvp && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER && flags & AMGf_unary) {
1633 /* look for substituted methods */
1634 /* In all the covered cases we should be called with assign==0. */
1638 if ((cv = cvp[off=add_ass_amg])
1639 || ((cv = cvp[off = add_amg]) && (force_cpy = 0, postpr = 1))) {
1640 right = &PL_sv_yes; lr = -1; assign = 1;
1645 if ((cv = cvp[off = subtr_ass_amg])
1646 || ((cv = cvp[off = subtr_amg]) && (force_cpy = 0, postpr=1))) {
1647 right = &PL_sv_yes; lr = -1; assign = 1;
1651 (void)((cv = cvp[off=numer_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=string_amg]));
1654 (void)((cv = cvp[off=string_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=bool__amg]));
1657 (void)((cv = cvp[off=numer_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=bool__amg]));
1660 (void)((cv = cvp[off=bool__amg])
1661 || (cv = cvp[off=numer_amg])
1662 || (cv = cvp[off=string_amg]));
1668 * SV* ref causes confusion with the interpreter variable of
1671 SV* const tmpRef=SvRV(left);
1672 if (!SvROK(tmpRef) && SvTYPE(tmpRef) <= SVt_PVMG) {
1674 * Just to be extra cautious. Maybe in some
1675 * additional cases sv_setsv is safe, too.
1677 SV* const newref = newSVsv(tmpRef);
1678 SvOBJECT_on(newref);
1679 SvSTASH_set(newref, (HV*)SvREFCNT_inc(SvSTASH(tmpRef)));
1685 if ((cvp[off1=lt_amg] || cvp[off1=ncmp_amg])
1686 && ((cv = cvp[off=neg_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=subtr_amg]))) {
1687 SV* const nullsv=sv_2mortal(newSViv(0));
1689 SV* const lessp = amagic_call(left,nullsv,
1690 lt_amg,AMGf_noright);
1691 logic = SvTRUE(lessp);
1693 SV* const lessp = amagic_call(left,nullsv,
1694 ncmp_amg,AMGf_noright);
1695 logic = (SvNV(lessp) < 0);
1698 if (off==subtr_amg) {
1709 if ((cv = cvp[off=subtr_amg])) {
1711 left = sv_2mortal(newSViv(0));
1716 case iter_amg: /* XXXX Eventually should do to_gv. */
1718 return NULL; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
1726 return left; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
1731 if (!cv) goto not_found;
1732 } else if (!(AMGf_noright & flags) && SvAMAGIC(right)
1733 && (stash = SvSTASH(SvRV(right)))
1734 && (mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table))
1735 && (cvp = (AMT_AMAGIC((AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)
1736 ? (amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)->table
1738 && (cv = cvp[off=method])) { /* Method for right
1741 } else if (((ocvp && oamtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER
1742 && (cvp=ocvp) && (lr = -1))
1743 || (cvp && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER && (lr=1)))
1744 && !(flags & AMGf_unary)) {
1745 /* We look for substitution for
1746 * comparison operations and
1748 if (method==concat_amg || method==concat_ass_amg
1749 || method==repeat_amg || method==repeat_ass_amg) {
1750 return NULL; /* Delegate operation to string conversion */
1760 postpr = 1; off=ncmp_amg; break;
1767 postpr = 1; off=scmp_amg; break;
1769 if (off != -1) cv = cvp[off];
1774 not_found: /* No method found, either report or croak */
1782 return left; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
1785 if (ocvp && (cv=ocvp[nomethod_amg])) { /* Call report method */
1786 notfound = 1; lr = -1;
1787 } else if (cvp && (cv=cvp[nomethod_amg])) {
1788 notfound = 1; lr = 1;
1791 if (off==-1) off=method;
1792 msg = sv_2mortal(Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_
1793 "Operation \"%s\": no method found,%sargument %s%s%s%s",
1794 AMG_id2name(method + assignshift),
1795 (flags & AMGf_unary ? " " : "\n\tleft "),
1797 "in overloaded package ":
1798 "has no overloaded magic",
1800 HvNAME_get(SvSTASH(SvRV(left))):
1803 ",\n\tright argument in overloaded package ":
1806 : ",\n\tright argument has no overloaded magic"),
1808 HvNAME_get(SvSTASH(SvRV(right))):
1810 if (amtp && amtp->fallback >= AMGfallYES) {
1811 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "%s", SvPVX_const(msg)) );
1813 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%"SVf, msg);
1817 force_cpy = force_cpy || assign;
1822 DEBUG_o(Perl_deb(aTHX_
1823 "Overloaded operator \"%s\"%s%s%s:\n\tmethod%s found%s in package %s%s\n",
1825 method+assignshift==off? "" :
1827 method+assignshift==off? "" :
1828 AMG_id2name(method+assignshift),
1829 method+assignshift==off? "" : "\")",
1830 flags & AMGf_unary? "" :
1831 lr==1 ? " for right argument": " for left argument",
1832 flags & AMGf_unary? " for argument" : "",
1833 stash ? HvNAME_get(stash) : "null",
1834 fl? ",\n\tassignment variant used": "") );
1837 /* Since we use shallow copy during assignment, we need
1838 * to dublicate the contents, probably calling user-supplied
1839 * version of copy operator
1841 /* We need to copy in following cases:
1842 * a) Assignment form was called.
1843 * assignshift==1, assign==T, method + 1 == off
1844 * b) Increment or decrement, called directly.
1845 * assignshift==0, assign==0, method + 0 == off
1846 * c) Increment or decrement, translated to assignment add/subtr.
1847 * assignshift==0, assign==T,
1849 * d) Increment or decrement, translated to nomethod.
1850 * assignshift==0, assign==0,
1852 * e) Assignment form translated to nomethod.
1853 * assignshift==1, assign==T, method + 1 != off
1856 /* off is method, method+assignshift, or a result of opcode substitution.
1857 * In the latter case assignshift==0, so only notfound case is important.
1859 if (( (method + assignshift == off)
1860 && (assign || (method == inc_amg) || (method == dec_amg)))
1867 const bool oldcatch = CATCH_GET;
1870 Zero(&myop, 1, BINOP);
1871 myop.op_last = (OP *) &myop;
1872 myop.op_next = Nullop;
1873 myop.op_flags = OPf_WANT_SCALAR | OPf_STACKED;
1875 PUSHSTACKi(PERLSI_OVERLOAD);
1878 PL_op = (OP *) &myop;
1879 if (PERLDB_SUB && PL_curstash != PL_debstash)
1880 PL_op->op_private |= OPpENTERSUB_DB;
1884 EXTEND(SP, notfound + 5);
1885 PUSHs(lr>0? right: left);
1886 PUSHs(lr>0? left: right);
1887 PUSHs( lr > 0 ? &PL_sv_yes : ( assign ? &PL_sv_undef : &PL_sv_no ));
1889 PUSHs( sv_2mortal(newSVpv(AMG_id2name(method + assignshift),0)));
1894 if ((PL_op = Perl_pp_entersub(aTHX)))
1902 CATCH_SET(oldcatch);
1909 ans=SvIV(res)<=0; break;
1912 ans=SvIV(res)<0; break;
1915 ans=SvIV(res)>=0; break;
1918 ans=SvIV(res)>0; break;
1921 ans=SvIV(res)==0; break;
1924 ans=SvIV(res)!=0; break;
1927 SvSetSV(left,res); return left;
1929 ans=!SvTRUE(res); break;
1934 } else if (method==copy_amg) {
1936 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Copy method did not return a reference");
1938 return SvREFCNT_inc(SvRV(res));
1946 =for apidoc is_gv_magical_sv
1948 Returns C<TRUE> if given the name of a magical GV. Calls is_gv_magical.
1954 Perl_is_gv_magical_sv(pTHX_ SV *name, U32 flags)
1957 const char * const temp = SvPV_const(name, len);
1958 return is_gv_magical(temp, len, flags);
1962 =for apidoc is_gv_magical
1964 Returns C<TRUE> if given the name of a magical GV.
1966 Currently only useful internally when determining if a GV should be
1967 created even in rvalue contexts.
1969 C<flags> is not used at present but available for future extension to
1970 allow selecting particular classes of magical variable.
1972 Currently assumes that C<name> is NUL terminated (as well as len being valid).
1973 This assumption is met by all callers within the perl core, which all pass
1974 pointers returned by SvPV.
1979 Perl_is_gv_magical(pTHX_ const char *name, STRLEN len, U32 flags)
1981 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(flags);
1984 const char * const name1 = name + 1;
1987 if (len == 3 && name1[1] == 'S' && name[2] == 'A')
1991 if (len == 8 && strEQ(name1, "VERLOAD"))
1995 if (len == 3 && name[1] == 'I' && name[2] == 'G')
1998 /* Using ${^...} variables is likely to be sufficiently rare that
1999 it seems sensible to avoid the space hit of also checking the
2001 case '\017': /* ${^OPEN} */
2002 if (strEQ(name1, "PEN"))
2005 case '\024': /* ${^TAINT} */
2006 if (strEQ(name1, "AINT"))
2009 case '\025': /* ${^UNICODE} */
2010 if (strEQ(name1, "NICODE"))
2012 if (strEQ(name1, "TF8LOCALE"))
2015 case '\027': /* ${^WARNING_BITS} */
2016 if (strEQ(name1, "ARNING_BITS"))
2029 const char *end = name + len;
2030 while (--end > name) {
2038 /* Because we're already assuming that name is NUL terminated
2039 below, we can treat an empty name as "\0" */
2066 case '\001': /* $^A */
2067 case '\003': /* $^C */
2068 case '\004': /* $^D */
2069 case '\005': /* $^E */
2070 case '\006': /* $^F */
2071 case '\010': /* $^H */
2072 case '\011': /* $^I, NOT \t in EBCDIC */
2073 case '\014': /* $^L */
2074 case '\016': /* $^N */
2075 case '\017': /* $^O */
2076 case '\020': /* $^P */
2077 case '\023': /* $^S */
2078 case '\024': /* $^T */
2079 case '\026': /* $^V */
2080 case '\027': /* $^W */
2101 * c-indentation-style: bsd
2103 * indent-tabs-mode: t
2106 * ex: set ts=8 sts=4 sw=4 noet: