3 * Copyright (C) 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
4 * 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, by Larry Wall and others
6 * You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
7 * License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
12 * 'Mercy!' cried Gandalf. 'If the giving of information is to be the cure
13 * of your inquisitiveness, I shall spend all the rest of my days answering
14 * you. What more do you want to know?'
15 * 'The names of all the stars, and of all living things, and the whole
16 * history of Middle-earth and Over-heaven and of the Sundering Seas,'
23 A GV is a structure which corresponds to to a Perl typeglob, ie *foo.
24 It is a structure that holds a pointer to a scalar, an array, a hash etc,
25 corresponding to $foo, @foo, %foo.
27 GVs are usually found as values in stashes (symbol table hashes) where
28 Perl stores its global variables.
38 static const char S_autoload[] = "AUTOLOAD";
39 static const STRLEN S_autolen = sizeof(S_autoload)-1;
42 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
44 Perl_gv_SVadd(pTHX_ GV *gv)
46 if (!gv || SvTYPE((SV*)gv) != SVt_PVGV)
47 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for scalar");
55 Perl_gv_AVadd(pTHX_ register GV *gv)
57 if (!gv || SvTYPE((SV*)gv) != SVt_PVGV)
58 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for array");
65 Perl_gv_HVadd(pTHX_ register GV *gv)
67 if (!gv || SvTYPE((SV*)gv) != SVt_PVGV)
68 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for hash");
75 Perl_gv_IOadd(pTHX_ register GV *gv)
78 if (!gv || SvTYPE((SV*)gv) != SVt_PVGV) {
81 * if it walks like a dirhandle, then let's assume that
82 * this is a dirhandle.
84 const char * const fh =
85 PL_op->op_type == OP_READDIR ||
86 PL_op->op_type == OP_TELLDIR ||
87 PL_op->op_type == OP_SEEKDIR ||
88 PL_op->op_type == OP_REWINDDIR ||
89 PL_op->op_type == OP_CLOSEDIR ?
90 "dirhandle" : "filehandle";
91 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for %s", fh);
95 #ifdef GV_UNIQUE_CHECK
97 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for filehandle (GV is unique)");
106 Perl_gv_fetchfile(pTHX_ const char *name)
108 return gv_fetchfile_flags(name, strlen(name), 0);
112 Perl_gv_fetchfile_flags(pTHX_ const char *const name, const STRLEN namelen,
118 const STRLEN tmplen = namelen + 2;
121 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(flags);
126 if (tmplen <= sizeof smallbuf)
129 Newx(tmpbuf, tmplen, char);
130 /* This is where the debugger's %{"::_<$filename"} hash is created */
133 memcpy(tmpbuf + 2, name, namelen);
134 gv = *(GV**)hv_fetch(PL_defstash, tmpbuf, tmplen, TRUE);
136 gv_init(gv, PL_defstash, tmpbuf, tmplen, FALSE);
137 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
138 GvSV(gv) = newSVpvn(name, namelen);
140 sv_setpvn(GvSV(gv), name, namelen);
143 hv_magic(GvHVn(gv_AVadd(gv)), NULL, PERL_MAGIC_dbfile);
145 if (tmpbuf != smallbuf)
151 =for apidoc gv_const_sv
153 If C<gv> is a typeglob whose subroutine entry is a constant sub eligible for
154 inlining, or C<gv> is a placeholder reference that would be promoted to such
155 a typeglob, then returns the value returned by the sub. Otherwise, returns
162 Perl_gv_const_sv(pTHX_ GV *gv)
164 if (SvTYPE(gv) == SVt_PVGV)
165 return cv_const_sv(GvCVu(gv));
166 return SvROK(gv) ? SvRV(gv) : NULL;
170 Perl_newGP(pTHX_ GV *const gv)
173 const char *const file
174 = (PL_curcop && CopFILE(PL_curcop)) ? CopFILE(PL_curcop) : "";
175 STRLEN len = strlen(file);
178 PERL_HASH(hash, file, len);
182 #ifndef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
183 gp->gp_sv = newSV(0);
186 gp->gp_line = PL_curcop ? CopLINE(PL_curcop) : 0;
187 /* XXX Ideally this cast would be replaced with a change to const char*
189 gp->gp_file_hek = share_hek(file, len, hash);
197 Perl_gv_init(pTHX_ GV *gv, HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, int multi)
200 const U32 old_type = SvTYPE(gv);
201 const bool doproto = old_type > SVt_NULL;
202 const char * const proto = (doproto && SvPOK(gv)) ? SvPVX_const(gv) : NULL;
203 SV *const has_constant = doproto && SvROK(gv) ? SvRV(gv) : NULL;
204 const U32 exported_constant = has_constant ? SvPCS_IMPORTED(gv) : 0;
206 assert (!(proto && has_constant));
209 /* The constant has to be a simple scalar type. */
210 switch (SvTYPE(has_constant)) {
216 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Cannot convert a reference to %s to typeglob",
217 sv_reftype(has_constant, 0));
225 if (old_type < SVt_PVGV) {
226 if (old_type >= SVt_PV)
228 sv_upgrade((SV*)gv, SVt_PVGV);
236 Safefree(SvPVX_mutable(gv));
241 GvGP(gv) = Perl_newGP(aTHX_ gv);
244 Perl_sv_add_backref(aTHX_ (SV*)stash, (SV*)gv);
245 gv_name_set(gv, name, len, GV_ADD);
246 if (multi || doproto) /* doproto means it _was_ mentioned */
248 if (doproto) { /* Replicate part of newSUB here. */
251 /* newCONSTSUB takes ownership of the reference from us. */
252 GvCV(gv) = newCONSTSUB(stash, name, has_constant);
253 /* If this reference was a copy of another, then the subroutine
254 must have been "imported", by a Perl space assignment to a GV
255 from a reference to CV. */
256 if (exported_constant)
257 GvIMPORTED_CV_on(gv);
259 (void) start_subparse(0,0); /* Create empty CV in compcv. */
260 GvCV(gv) = PL_compcv;
264 mro_method_changed_in(GvSTASH(gv)); /* sub Foo::bar($) { (shift) } sub ASDF::baz($); *ASDF::baz = \&Foo::bar */
266 CvFILE_set_from_cop(GvCV(gv), PL_curcop);
267 CvSTASH(GvCV(gv)) = PL_curstash;
269 sv_setpv((SV*)GvCV(gv), proto);
276 S_gv_init_sv(pTHX_ GV *gv, I32 sv_type)
288 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
296 /* Work round what appears to be a bug in Sun C++ 5.8 2005/10/13
297 If we just cast GvSVn(gv) to void, it ignores evaluating it for
305 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth
307 Returns the glob with the given C<name> and a defined subroutine or
308 C<NULL>. The glob lives in the given C<stash>, or in the stashes
309 accessible via @ISA and UNIVERSAL::.
311 The argument C<level> should be either 0 or -1. If C<level==0>, as a
312 side-effect creates a glob with the given C<name> in the given C<stash>
313 which in the case of success contains an alias for the subroutine, and sets
314 up caching info for this glob.
316 This function grants C<"SUPER"> token as a postfix of the stash name. The
317 GV returned from C<gv_fetchmeth> may be a method cache entry, which is not
318 visible to Perl code. So when calling C<call_sv>, you should not use
319 the GV directly; instead, you should use the method's CV, which can be
320 obtained from the GV with the C<GvCV> macro.
325 /* NOTE: No support for tied ISA */
328 Perl_gv_fetchmeth(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, I32 level)
336 GV* candidate = NULL;
341 I32 create = (level >= 0) ? 1 : 0;
346 /* UNIVERSAL methods should be callable without a stash */
348 create = 0; /* probably appropriate */
349 if(!(stash = gv_stashpvs("UNIVERSAL", 0)))
355 hvname = HvNAME_get(stash);
357 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't use anonymous symbol table for method lookup");
362 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Looking for method %s in package %s\n",name,hvname) );
364 topgen_cmp = HvMROMETA(stash)->cache_gen + PL_sub_generation;
366 /* check locally for a real method or a cache entry */
367 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash, name, len, create);
371 if (SvTYPE(topgv) != SVt_PVGV)
372 gv_init(topgv, stash, name, len, TRUE);
373 if ((cand_cv = GvCV(topgv))) {
374 /* If genuine method or valid cache entry, use it */
375 if (!GvCVGEN(topgv) || GvCVGEN(topgv) == topgen_cmp) {
379 /* stale cache entry, junk it and move on */
380 SvREFCNT_dec(cand_cv);
381 GvCV(topgv) = cand_cv = NULL;
385 else if (GvCVGEN(topgv) == topgen_cmp) {
386 /* cache indicates no such method definitively */
391 packlen = HvNAMELEN_get(stash);
392 if (packlen >= 7 && strEQ(hvname + packlen - 7, "::SUPER")) {
395 basestash = gv_stashpvn(hvname, packlen, GV_ADD);
396 linear_av = mro_get_linear_isa(basestash);
399 linear_av = mro_get_linear_isa(stash); /* has ourselves at the top of the list */
402 linear_svp = AvARRAY(linear_av) + 1; /* skip over self */
403 items = AvFILLp(linear_av); /* no +1, to skip over self */
405 linear_sv = *linear_svp++;
407 cstash = gv_stashsv(linear_sv, 0);
410 if (ckWARN(WARN_SYNTAX))
411 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_SYNTAX), "Can't locate package %"SVf" for @%s::ISA",
412 SVfARG(linear_sv), hvname);
418 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(cstash, name, len, 0);
422 if (SvTYPE(candidate) != SVt_PVGV) gv_init(candidate, cstash, name, len, TRUE);
423 if (SvTYPE(candidate) == SVt_PVGV && (cand_cv = GvCV(candidate)) && !GvCVGEN(candidate)) {
425 * Found real method, cache method in topgv if:
426 * 1. topgv has no synonyms (else inheritance crosses wires)
427 * 2. method isn't a stub (else AUTOLOAD fails spectacularly)
429 if (topgv && (GvREFCNT(topgv) == 1) && (CvROOT(cand_cv) || CvXSUB(cand_cv))) {
430 if ((old_cv = GvCV(topgv))) SvREFCNT_dec(old_cv);
431 SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void_NN(cand_cv);
432 GvCV(topgv) = cand_cv;
433 GvCVGEN(topgv) = topgen_cmp;
439 /* Check UNIVERSAL without caching */
440 if(level == 0 || level == -1) {
441 candidate = gv_fetchmeth(NULL, name, len, 1);
443 cand_cv = GvCV(candidate);
444 if (topgv && (GvREFCNT(topgv) == 1) && (CvROOT(cand_cv) || CvXSUB(cand_cv))) {
445 if ((old_cv = GvCV(topgv))) SvREFCNT_dec(old_cv);
446 SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void_NN(cand_cv);
447 GvCV(topgv) = cand_cv;
448 GvCVGEN(topgv) = topgen_cmp;
454 if (topgv && GvREFCNT(topgv) == 1) {
455 /* cache the fact that the method is not defined */
456 GvCVGEN(topgv) = topgen_cmp;
463 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth_autoload
465 Same as gv_fetchmeth(), but looks for autoloaded subroutines too.
466 Returns a glob for the subroutine.
468 For an autoloaded subroutine without a GV, will create a GV even
469 if C<level < 0>. For an autoloaded subroutine without a stub, GvCV()
470 of the result may be zero.
476 Perl_gv_fetchmeth_autoload(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, I32 level)
478 GV *gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, name, len, level);
485 return NULL; /* UNIVERSAL::AUTOLOAD could cause trouble */
486 if (len == S_autolen && strnEQ(name, S_autoload, S_autolen))
488 if (!(gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, S_autoload, S_autolen, FALSE)))
491 if (!(CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv)))
493 /* Have an autoload */
494 if (level < 0) /* Cannot do without a stub */
495 gv_fetchmeth(stash, name, len, 0);
496 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash, name, len, (level >= 0));
505 =for apidoc gv_fetchmethod_autoload
507 Returns the glob which contains the subroutine to call to invoke the method
508 on the C<stash>. In fact in the presence of autoloading this may be the
509 glob for "AUTOLOAD". In this case the corresponding variable $AUTOLOAD is
512 The third parameter of C<gv_fetchmethod_autoload> determines whether
513 AUTOLOAD lookup is performed if the given method is not present: non-zero
514 means yes, look for AUTOLOAD; zero means no, don't look for AUTOLOAD.
515 Calling C<gv_fetchmethod> is equivalent to calling C<gv_fetchmethod_autoload>
516 with a non-zero C<autoload> parameter.
518 These functions grant C<"SUPER"> token as a prefix of the method name. Note
519 that if you want to keep the returned glob for a long time, you need to
520 check for it being "AUTOLOAD", since at the later time the call may load a
521 different subroutine due to $AUTOLOAD changing its value. Use the glob
522 created via a side effect to do this.
524 These functions have the same side-effects and as C<gv_fetchmeth> with
525 C<level==0>. C<name> should be writable if contains C<':'> or C<'
526 ''>. The warning against passing the GV returned by C<gv_fetchmeth> to
527 C<call_sv> apply equally to these functions.
533 S_gv_get_super_pkg(pTHX_ const char* name, I32 namelen)
540 stash = gv_stashpvn(name, namelen, 0);
541 if(stash) return stash;
543 /* If we must create it, give it an @ISA array containing
544 the real package this SUPER is for, so that it's tied
545 into the cache invalidation code correctly */
546 stash = gv_stashpvn(name, namelen, GV_ADD);
547 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetchs(stash, "ISA", TRUE);
549 gv_init(gv, stash, "ISA", 3, TRUE);
550 superisa = GvAVn(gv);
552 sv_magic((SV*)superisa, (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_isa, NULL, 0);
553 av_push(superisa, newSVpv(CopSTASHPV(PL_curcop), 0));
559 Perl_gv_fetchmethod_autoload(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, I32 autoload)
562 register const char *nend;
563 const char *nsplit = NULL;
567 if (stash && SvTYPE(stash) < SVt_PVHV)
570 for (nend = name; *nend; nend++) {
573 else if (*nend == ':' && *(nend + 1) == ':')
577 const char * const origname = name;
581 if ((nsplit - origname) == 5 && strnEQ(origname, "SUPER", 5)) {
582 /* ->SUPER::method should really be looked up in original stash */
583 SV * const tmpstr = sv_2mortal(Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_ "%s::SUPER",
584 CopSTASHPV(PL_curcop)));
585 /* __PACKAGE__::SUPER stash should be autovivified */
586 stash = gv_get_super_pkg(SvPVX_const(tmpstr), SvCUR(tmpstr));
587 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Treating %s as %s::%s\n",
588 origname, HvNAME_get(stash), name) );
591 /* don't autovifify if ->NoSuchStash::method */
592 stash = gv_stashpvn(origname, nsplit - origname, 0);
594 /* however, explicit calls to Pkg::SUPER::method may
595 happen, and may require autovivification to work */
596 if (!stash && (nsplit - origname) >= 7 &&
597 strnEQ(nsplit - 7, "::SUPER", 7) &&
598 gv_stashpvn(origname, nsplit - origname - 7, 0))
599 stash = gv_get_super_pkg(origname, nsplit - origname);
604 gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, name, nend - name, 0);
606 if (strEQ(name,"import") || strEQ(name,"unimport"))
607 gv = (GV*)&PL_sv_yes;
609 gv = gv_autoload4(ostash, name, nend - name, TRUE);
612 CV* const cv = GvCV(gv);
613 if (!CvROOT(cv) && !CvXSUB(cv)) {
621 if (GvCV(stubgv) != cv) /* orphaned import */
624 autogv = gv_autoload4(GvSTASH(stubgv),
625 GvNAME(stubgv), GvNAMELEN(stubgv), TRUE);
635 Perl_gv_autoload4(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, I32 method)
643 const char *packname = "";
644 STRLEN packname_len = 0;
646 if (len == S_autolen && strnEQ(name, S_autoload, S_autolen))
649 if (SvTYPE(stash) < SVt_PVHV) {
650 packname = SvPV_const((SV*)stash, packname_len);
654 packname = HvNAME_get(stash);
655 packname_len = HvNAMELEN_get(stash);
658 if (!(gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, S_autoload, S_autolen, FALSE)))
662 if (!(CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv)))
666 * Inheriting AUTOLOAD for non-methods works ... for now.
668 if (!method && (GvCVGEN(gv) || GvSTASH(gv) != stash)
669 && ckWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX)
671 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX),
672 "Use of inherited AUTOLOAD for non-method %s::%.*s() is deprecated",
673 packname, (int)len, name);
676 /* rather than lookup/init $AUTOLOAD here
677 * only to have the XSUB do another lookup for $AUTOLOAD
678 * and split that value on the last '::',
679 * pass along the same data via some unused fields in the CV
682 SvPV_set(cv, (char *)name); /* cast to lose constness warning */
688 * Given &FOO::AUTOLOAD, set $FOO::AUTOLOAD to desired function name.
689 * The subroutine's original name may not be "AUTOLOAD", so we don't
690 * use that, but for lack of anything better we will use the sub's
691 * original package to look up $AUTOLOAD.
693 varstash = GvSTASH(CvGV(cv));
694 vargv = *(GV**)hv_fetch(varstash, S_autoload, S_autolen, TRUE);
698 gv_init(vargv, varstash, S_autoload, S_autolen, FALSE);
699 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
700 GvSV(vargv) = newSV(0);
704 varsv = GvSVn(vargv);
705 sv_setpvn(varsv, packname, packname_len);
706 sv_catpvs(varsv, "::");
707 sv_catpvn(varsv, name, len);
712 /* require_tie_mod() internal routine for requiring a module
713 * that implements the logic of automatical ties like %! and %-
715 * The "gv" parameter should be the glob.
716 * "varpv" holds the name of the var, used for error messages.
717 * "namesv" holds the module name. Its refcount will be decremented.
718 * "methpv" holds the method name to test for to check that things
719 * are working reasonably close to as expected.
720 * "flags": if flag & 1 then save the scalar before loading.
721 * For the protection of $! to work (it is set by this routine)
722 * the sv slot must already be magicalized.
725 S_require_tie_mod(pTHX_ GV *gv, const char *varpv, SV* namesv, const char *methpv,const U32 flags)
728 HV* stash = gv_stashsv(namesv, 0);
730 if (!stash || !(gv_fetchmethod(stash, methpv))) {
731 SV *module = newSVsv(namesv);
732 char varname = *varpv; /* varpv might be clobbered by load_module,
733 so save it. For the moment it's always
739 PUSHSTACKi(PERLSI_MAGIC);
740 Perl_load_module(aTHX_ PERL_LOADMOD_NOIMPORT, module, NULL);
744 stash = gv_stashsv(namesv, 0);
746 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: Can't use %%%c because %"SVf" is not available",
747 varname, SVfARG(namesv));
748 else if (!gv_fetchmethod(stash, methpv))
749 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: Can't use %%%c because %"SVf" does not support method %s",
750 varname, SVfARG(namesv), methpv);
752 SvREFCNT_dec(namesv);
757 =for apidoc gv_stashpv
759 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package. Uses C<strlen> to
760 determine the length of C<name>, then calls C<gv_stashpvn()>.
766 Perl_gv_stashpv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
768 return gv_stashpvn(name, strlen(name), create);
772 =for apidoc gv_stashpvn
774 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package. The C<namelen>
775 parameter indicates the length of the C<name>, in bytes. C<flags> is passed
776 to C<gv_fetchpvn_flags()>, so if set to C<GV_ADD> then the package will be
777 created if it does not already exist. If the package does not exist and
778 C<flags> is 0 (or any other setting that does not create packages) then NULL
786 Perl_gv_stashpvn(pTHX_ const char *name, U32 namelen, I32 flags)
793 if (namelen + 2 <= sizeof smallbuf)
796 Newx(tmpbuf, namelen + 2, char);
797 Copy(name,tmpbuf,namelen,char);
798 tmpbuf[namelen++] = ':';
799 tmpbuf[namelen++] = ':';
800 tmpgv = gv_fetchpvn_flags(tmpbuf, namelen, flags, SVt_PVHV);
801 if (tmpbuf != smallbuf)
806 GvHV(tmpgv) = newHV();
808 if (!HvNAME_get(stash))
809 hv_name_set(stash, name, namelen, 0);
814 =for apidoc gv_stashsv
816 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package. See C<gv_stashpvn>.
822 Perl_gv_stashsv(pTHX_ SV *sv, I32 flags)
825 const char * const ptr = SvPV_const(sv,len);
826 return gv_stashpvn(ptr, len, flags);
831 Perl_gv_fetchpv(pTHX_ const char *nambeg, I32 add, I32 sv_type) {
832 return gv_fetchpvn_flags(nambeg, strlen(nambeg), add, sv_type);
836 Perl_gv_fetchsv(pTHX_ SV *name, I32 flags, I32 sv_type) {
838 const char * const nambeg = SvPV_const(name, len);
839 return gv_fetchpvn_flags(nambeg, len, flags | SvUTF8(name), sv_type);
843 Perl_gv_fetchpvn_flags(pTHX_ const char *nambeg, STRLEN full_len, I32 flags,
847 register const char *name = nambeg;
848 register GV *gv = NULL;
851 register const char *name_cursor;
853 const I32 no_init = flags & (GV_NOADD_NOINIT | GV_NOINIT);
854 const I32 no_expand = flags & GV_NOEXPAND;
855 const I32 add = flags & ~GV_NOADD_MASK;
856 const char *const name_end = nambeg + full_len;
857 const char *const name_em1 = name_end - 1;
859 if (flags & GV_NOTQUAL) {
860 /* Caller promised that there is no stash, so we can skip the check. */
865 if (full_len > 2 && *name == '*' && isALPHA(name[1])) {
866 /* accidental stringify on a GV? */
870 for (name_cursor = name; name_cursor < name_end; name_cursor++) {
871 if ((*name_cursor == ':' && name_cursor < name_em1
872 && name_cursor[1] == ':')
873 || (*name_cursor == '\'' && name_cursor[1]))
877 if (!stash || !SvREFCNT(stash)) /* symbol table under destruction */
880 len = name_cursor - name;
885 if (len + 2 <= (I32)sizeof (smallbuf))
888 Newx(tmpbuf, len+2, char);
889 Copy(name, tmpbuf, len, char);
892 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash,tmpbuf,len,add);
893 gv = gvp ? *gvp : NULL;
894 if (gv && gv != (GV*)&PL_sv_undef) {
895 if (SvTYPE(gv) != SVt_PVGV)
896 gv_init(gv, stash, tmpbuf, len, (add & GV_ADDMULTI));
900 if (tmpbuf != smallbuf)
902 if (!gv || gv == (GV*)&PL_sv_undef)
905 if (!(stash = GvHV(gv)))
906 stash = GvHV(gv) = newHV();
908 if (!HvNAME_get(stash))
909 hv_name_set(stash, nambeg, name_cursor - nambeg, 0);
912 if (*name_cursor == ':')
916 if (name == name_end)
917 return gv ? gv : (GV*)*hv_fetchs(PL_defstash, "main::", TRUE);
920 len = name_cursor - name;
922 /* No stash in name, so see how we can default */
926 if (len && isIDFIRST_lazy(name)) {
935 if ((name[0] == 'I' && name[1] == 'N' && name[2] == 'C')
936 || (name[0] == 'E' && name[1] == 'N' && name[2] == 'V')
937 || (name[0] == 'S' && name[1] == 'I' && name[2] == 'G'))
941 if (name[0] == 'A' && name[1] == 'R' && name[2] == 'G'
946 if (name[0] == 'S' && name[1] == 'T' && name[2] == 'D'
947 && name[3] == 'I' && name[4] == 'N')
951 if ((name[0] == 'S' && name[1] == 'T' && name[2] == 'D')
952 &&((name[3] == 'O' && name[4] == 'U' && name[5] == 'T')
953 ||(name[3] == 'E' && name[4] == 'R' && name[5] == 'R')))
957 if (name[0] == 'A' && name[1] == 'R' && name[2] == 'G'
958 && name[3] == 'V' && name[4] == 'O' && name[5] == 'U'
966 else if (IN_PERL_COMPILETIME) {
968 if (add && (PL_hints & HINT_STRICT_VARS) &&
969 sv_type != SVt_PVCV &&
970 sv_type != SVt_PVGV &&
971 sv_type != SVt_PVFM &&
972 sv_type != SVt_PVIO &&
973 !(len == 1 && sv_type == SVt_PV &&
974 (*name == 'a' || *name == 'b')) )
976 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash,name,len,0);
978 *gvp == (GV*)&PL_sv_undef ||
979 SvTYPE(*gvp) != SVt_PVGV)
983 else if ((sv_type == SVt_PV && !GvIMPORTED_SV(*gvp)) ||
984 (sv_type == SVt_PVAV && !GvIMPORTED_AV(*gvp)) ||
985 (sv_type == SVt_PVHV && !GvIMPORTED_HV(*gvp)) )
987 Perl_warn(aTHX_ "Variable \"%c%s\" is not imported",
988 sv_type == SVt_PVAV ? '@' :
989 sv_type == SVt_PVHV ? '%' : '$',
992 Perl_warn(aTHX_ "\t(Did you mean &%s instead?)\n", name);
998 stash = CopSTASH(PL_curcop);
1001 stash = PL_defstash;
1004 /* By this point we should have a stash and a name */
1008 SV * const err = Perl_mess(aTHX_
1009 "Global symbol \"%s%s\" requires explicit package name",
1010 (sv_type == SVt_PV ? "$"
1011 : sv_type == SVt_PVAV ? "@"
1012 : sv_type == SVt_PVHV ? "%"
1015 if (USE_UTF8_IN_NAMES)
1018 gv = gv_fetchpvn_flags("<none>::", 8, GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV);
1020 /* symbol table under destruction */
1029 if (!SvREFCNT(stash)) /* symbol table under destruction */
1032 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash,name,len,add);
1033 if (!gvp || *gvp == (GV*)&PL_sv_undef)
1036 if (SvTYPE(gv) == SVt_PVGV) {
1039 gv_init_sv(gv, sv_type);
1040 if (len == 1 && (sv_type == SVt_PVHV || sv_type == SVt_PVGV)) {
1042 require_tie_mod(gv, "!", newSVpvs("Errno"), "TIEHASH", 1);
1043 else if (*name == '-' || *name == '+')
1044 require_tie_mod(gv, name, newSVpvs("Tie::Hash::NamedCapture"), "TIEHASH", 0);
1048 } else if (no_init) {
1050 } else if (no_expand && SvROK(gv)) {
1054 /* Adding a new symbol */
1056 if (add & GV_ADDWARN && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL))
1057 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL), "Had to create %s unexpectedly", nambeg);
1058 gv_init(gv, stash, name, len, add & GV_ADDMULTI);
1059 gv_init_sv(gv, sv_type);
1061 if (isALPHA(name[0]) && ! (isLEXWARN_on ? ckWARN(WARN_ONCE)
1062 : (PL_dowarn & G_WARN_ON ) ) )
1065 /* set up magic where warranted */
1070 /* Nothing else to do.
1071 The compiler will probably turn the switch statement into a
1072 branch table. Make sure we avoid even that small overhead for
1073 the common case of lower case variable names. */
1077 const char * const name2 = name + 1;
1080 if (strEQ(name2, "RGV")) {
1081 IoFLAGS(GvIOn(gv)) |= IOf_ARGV|IOf_START;
1083 else if (strEQ(name2, "RGVOUT")) {
1088 if (strnEQ(name2, "XPORT", 5))
1092 if (strEQ(name2, "SA")) {
1093 AV* const av = GvAVn(gv);
1095 sv_magic((SV*)av, (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_isa, NULL, 0);
1096 /* NOTE: No support for tied ISA */
1097 if ((add & GV_ADDMULTI) && strEQ(nambeg,"AnyDBM_File::ISA")
1098 && AvFILLp(av) == -1)
1101 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "NDBM_File",9));
1102 gv_stashpvn(pname, 9, GV_ADD);
1103 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "DB_File",7));
1104 gv_stashpvn(pname, 7, GV_ADD);
1105 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "GDBM_File",9));
1106 gv_stashpvn(pname, 9, GV_ADD);
1107 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "SDBM_File",9));
1108 gv_stashpvn(pname, 9, GV_ADD);
1109 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "ODBM_File",9));
1110 gv_stashpvn(pname, 9, GV_ADD);
1115 if (strEQ(name2, "VERLOAD")) {
1116 HV* const hv = GvHVn(gv);
1118 hv_magic(hv, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_overload);
1122 if (strEQ(name2, "IG")) {
1126 Newxz(PL_psig_ptr, SIG_SIZE, SV*);
1127 Newxz(PL_psig_name, SIG_SIZE, SV*);
1128 Newxz(PL_psig_pend, SIG_SIZE, int);
1132 hv_magic(hv, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_sig);
1133 for (i = 1; i < SIG_SIZE; i++) {
1134 SV * const * const init = hv_fetch(hv, PL_sig_name[i], strlen(PL_sig_name[i]), 1);
1136 sv_setsv(*init, &PL_sv_undef);
1138 PL_psig_name[i] = 0;
1139 PL_psig_pend[i] = 0;
1144 if (strEQ(name2, "ERSION"))
1147 case '\003': /* $^CHILD_ERROR_NATIVE */
1148 if (strEQ(name2, "HILD_ERROR_NATIVE"))
1151 case '\005': /* $^ENCODING */
1152 if (strEQ(name2, "NCODING"))
1155 case '\015': /* $^MATCH */
1156 if (strEQ(name2, "ATCH"))
1158 case '\017': /* $^OPEN */
1159 if (strEQ(name2, "PEN"))
1162 case '\020': /* $^PREMATCH $^POSTMATCH */
1163 if (strEQ(name2, "REMATCH") || strEQ(name2, "OSTMATCH"))
1165 case '\024': /* ${^TAINT} */
1166 if (strEQ(name2, "AINT"))
1169 case '\025': /* ${^UNICODE}, ${^UTF8LOCALE} */
1170 if (strEQ(name2, "NICODE"))
1172 if (strEQ(name2, "TF8LOCALE"))
1174 if (strEQ(name2, "TF8CACHE"))
1177 case '\027': /* $^WARNING_BITS */
1178 if (strEQ(name2, "ARNING_BITS"))
1191 /* Ensures that we have an all-digit variable, ${"1foo"} fails
1193 /* This snippet is taken from is_gv_magical */
1194 const char *end = name + len;
1195 while (--end > name) {
1196 if (!isDIGIT(*end)) return gv;
1203 /* Names of length 1. (Or 0. But name is NUL terminated, so that will
1204 be case '\0' in this switch statement (ie a default case) */
1210 sv_type == SVt_PVAV ||
1211 sv_type == SVt_PVHV ||
1212 sv_type == SVt_PVCV ||
1213 sv_type == SVt_PVFM ||
1216 PL_sawampersand = TRUE;
1220 sv_setpv(GvSVn(gv),PL_chopset);
1224 #ifdef COMPLEX_STATUS
1225 SvUPGRADE(GvSVn(gv), SVt_PVLV);
1231 /* If %! has been used, automatically load Errno.pm. */
1233 sv_magic(GvSVn(gv), (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, len);
1235 /* magicalization must be done before require_tie_mod is called */
1236 if (sv_type == SVt_PVHV || sv_type == SVt_PVGV)
1237 require_tie_mod(gv, "!", newSVpvs("Errno"), "TIEHASH", 1);
1242 GvMULTI_on(gv); /* no used once warnings here */
1244 AV* const av = GvAVn(gv);
1245 SV* const avc = (*name == '+') ? (SV*)av : NULL;
1247 sv_magic((SV*)av, avc, PERL_MAGIC_regdata, NULL, 0);
1248 sv_magic(GvSVn(gv), (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, len);
1250 SvREADONLY_on(GvSVn(gv));
1253 if (sv_type == SVt_PVHV || sv_type == SVt_PVGV)
1254 require_tie_mod(gv, name, newSVpvs("Tie::Hash::NamedCapture"), "TIEHASH", 0);
1260 if (sv_type == SVt_PV && ckWARN2_d(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX))
1261 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX),
1262 "$%c is no longer supported", *name);
1265 sv_setiv(GvSVn(gv), (IV)(IoFLAGS(GvIOp(PL_defoutgv)) & IOf_FLUSH) != 0);
1268 case '\010': /* $^H */
1270 HV *const hv = GvHVn(gv);
1271 hv_magic(hv, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_hints);
1274 case '\023': /* $^S */
1276 SvREADONLY_on(GvSVn(gv));
1300 case '\001': /* $^A */
1301 case '\003': /* $^C */
1302 case '\004': /* $^D */
1303 case '\005': /* $^E */
1304 case '\006': /* $^F */
1305 case '\011': /* $^I, NOT \t in EBCDIC */
1306 case '\016': /* $^N */
1307 case '\017': /* $^O */
1308 case '\020': /* $^P */
1309 case '\024': /* $^T */
1310 case '\027': /* $^W */
1312 sv_magic(GvSVn(gv), (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, len);
1315 case '\014': /* $^L */
1316 sv_setpvn(GvSVn(gv),"\f",1);
1317 PL_formfeed = GvSVn(gv);
1320 sv_setpvn(GvSVn(gv),"\034",1);
1324 SV * const sv = GvSVn(gv);
1325 if (!sv_derived_from(PL_patchlevel, "version"))
1326 upg_version(PL_patchlevel, TRUE);
1327 GvSV(gv) = vnumify(PL_patchlevel);
1328 SvREADONLY_on(GvSV(gv));
1332 case '\026': /* $^V */
1334 SV * const sv = GvSVn(gv);
1335 GvSV(gv) = new_version(PL_patchlevel);
1336 SvREADONLY_on(GvSV(gv));
1346 Perl_gv_fullname4(pTHX_ SV *sv, const GV *gv, const char *prefix, bool keepmain)
1350 const HV * const hv = GvSTASH(gv);
1355 sv_setpv(sv, prefix ? prefix : "");
1357 name = HvNAME_get(hv);
1359 namelen = HvNAMELEN_get(hv);
1365 if (keepmain || strNE(name, "main")) {
1366 sv_catpvn(sv,name,namelen);
1369 sv_catpvn(sv,GvNAME(gv),GvNAMELEN(gv));
1373 Perl_gv_efullname4(pTHX_ SV *sv, const GV *gv, const char *prefix, bool keepmain)
1375 const GV * const egv = GvEGV(gv);
1376 gv_fullname4(sv, egv ? egv : gv, prefix, keepmain);
1384 IO * const io = (IO*)newSV_type(SVt_PVIO);
1385 /* This used to read SvREFCNT(io) = 1;
1386 It's not clear why the reference count needed an explicit reset. NWC
1388 assert (SvREFCNT(io) == 1);
1390 /* Clear the stashcache because a new IO could overrule a package name */
1391 hv_clear(PL_stashcache);
1392 iogv = gv_fetchpvs("FileHandle::", 0, SVt_PVHV);
1393 /* unless exists($main::{FileHandle}) and defined(%main::FileHandle::) */
1394 if (!(iogv && GvHV(iogv) && HvARRAY(GvHV(iogv))))
1395 iogv = gv_fetchpvs("IO::Handle::", GV_ADD, SVt_PVHV);
1396 SvSTASH_set(io, (HV*)SvREFCNT_inc(GvHV(iogv)));
1401 Perl_gv_check(pTHX_ const HV *stash)
1406 if (!HvARRAY(stash))
1408 for (i = 0; i <= (I32) HvMAX(stash); i++) {
1410 for (entry = HvARRAY(stash)[i]; entry; entry = HeNEXT(entry)) {
1413 if (HeKEY(entry)[HeKLEN(entry)-1] == ':' &&
1414 (gv = (GV*)HeVAL(entry)) && isGV(gv) && (hv = GvHV(gv)))
1416 if (hv != PL_defstash && hv != stash)
1417 gv_check(hv); /* nested package */
1419 else if (isALPHA(*HeKEY(entry))) {
1421 gv = (GV*)HeVAL(entry);
1422 if (SvTYPE(gv) != SVt_PVGV || GvMULTI(gv))
1425 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, GvLINE(gv));
1427 CopFILE(PL_curcop) = (char *)file; /* set for warning */
1429 CopFILEGV(PL_curcop)
1430 = gv_fetchfile_flags(file, HEK_LEN(GvFILE_HEK(gv)), 0);
1432 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_ONCE),
1433 "Name \"%s::%s\" used only once: possible typo",
1434 HvNAME_get(stash), GvNAME(gv));
1441 Perl_newGVgen(pTHX_ const char *pack)
1444 return gv_fetchpv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "%s::_GEN_%ld", pack, (long)PL_gensym++),
1448 /* hopefully this is only called on local symbol table entries */
1451 Perl_gp_ref(pTHX_ GP *gp)
1459 /* If the GP they asked for a reference to contains
1460 a method cache entry, clear it first, so that we
1461 don't infect them with our cached entry */
1462 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_cv);
1471 Perl_gp_free(pTHX_ GV *gv)
1476 if (!gv || !isGV_with_GP(gv) || !(gp = GvGP(gv)))
1478 if (gp->gp_refcnt == 0) {
1479 if (ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL))
1480 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
1481 "Attempt to free unreferenced glob pointers"
1482 pTHX__FORMAT pTHX__VALUE);
1485 if (--gp->gp_refcnt > 0) {
1486 if (gp->gp_egv == gv)
1492 if (gp->gp_file_hek)
1493 unshare_hek(gp->gp_file_hek);
1494 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_sv);
1495 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_av);
1496 /* FIXME - another reference loop GV -> symtab -> GV ?
1497 Somehow gp->gp_hv can end up pointing at freed garbage. */
1498 if (gp->gp_hv && SvTYPE(gp->gp_hv) == SVt_PVHV) {
1499 const char *hvname = HvNAME_get(gp->gp_hv);
1500 if (PL_stashcache && hvname)
1501 (void)hv_delete(PL_stashcache, hvname, HvNAMELEN_get(gp->gp_hv),
1503 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_hv);
1505 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_io);
1506 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_cv);
1507 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_form);
1514 Perl_magic_freeovrld(pTHX_ SV *sv, MAGIC *mg)
1516 AMT * const amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr;
1517 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(sv);
1519 if (amtp && AMT_AMAGIC(amtp)) {
1521 for (i = 1; i < NofAMmeth; i++) {
1522 CV * const cv = amtp->table[i];
1524 SvREFCNT_dec((SV *) cv);
1525 amtp->table[i] = NULL;
1532 /* Updates and caches the CV's */
1535 Perl_Gv_AMupdate(pTHX_ HV *stash)
1538 MAGIC* const mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1540 const struct mro_meta* stash_meta = HvMROMETA(stash);
1543 newgen = PL_sub_generation + stash_meta->pkg_gen + stash_meta->cache_gen;
1545 const AMT * const amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr;
1546 if (amtp->was_ok_am == PL_amagic_generation
1547 && amtp->was_ok_sub == newgen) {
1548 return (bool)AMT_OVERLOADED(amtp);
1550 sv_unmagic((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1553 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Recalcing overload magic in package %s\n",HvNAME_get(stash)) );
1556 amt.was_ok_am = PL_amagic_generation;
1557 amt.was_ok_sub = newgen;
1558 amt.fallback = AMGfallNO;
1562 int filled = 0, have_ovl = 0;
1565 /* Work with "fallback" key, which we assume to be first in PL_AMG_names */
1567 /* Try to find via inheritance. */
1568 GV *gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, PL_AMG_names[0], 2, -1);
1569 SV * const sv = gv ? GvSV(gv) : NULL;
1573 lim = DESTROY_amg; /* Skip overloading entries. */
1574 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
1576 NOOP; /* Equivalent to !SvTRUE and !SvOK */
1579 else if (SvTRUE(sv))
1580 amt.fallback=AMGfallYES;
1582 amt.fallback=AMGfallNEVER;
1584 for (i = 1; i < lim; i++)
1585 amt.table[i] = NULL;
1586 for (; i < NofAMmeth; i++) {
1587 const char * const cooky = PL_AMG_names[i];
1588 /* Human-readable form, for debugging: */
1589 const char * const cp = (i >= DESTROY_amg ? cooky : AMG_id2name(i));
1590 const STRLEN l = PL_AMG_namelens[i];
1592 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Checking overloading of \"%s\" in package \"%.256s\"\n",
1593 cp, HvNAME_get(stash)) );
1594 /* don't fill the cache while looking up!
1595 Creation of inheritance stubs in intermediate packages may
1596 conflict with the logic of runtime method substitution.
1597 Indeed, for inheritance A -> B -> C, if C overloads "+0",
1598 then we could have created stubs for "(+0" in A and C too.
1599 But if B overloads "bool", we may want to use it for
1600 numifying instead of C's "+0". */
1601 if (i >= DESTROY_amg)
1602 gv = Perl_gv_fetchmeth_autoload(aTHX_ stash, cooky, l, 0);
1603 else /* Autoload taken care of below */
1604 gv = Perl_gv_fetchmeth(aTHX_ stash, cooky, l, -1);
1606 if (gv && (cv = GvCV(gv))) {
1608 if (GvNAMELEN(CvGV(cv)) == 3 && strEQ(GvNAME(CvGV(cv)), "nil")
1609 && strEQ(hvname = HvNAME_get(GvSTASH(CvGV(cv))), "overload")) {
1610 /* This is a hack to support autoloading..., while
1611 knowing *which* methods were declared as overloaded. */
1612 /* GvSV contains the name of the method. */
1614 SV *gvsv = GvSV(gv);
1616 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Resolving method \"%"SVf256\
1617 "\" for overloaded \"%s\" in package \"%.256s\"\n",
1618 (void*)GvSV(gv), cp, hvname) );
1619 if (!gvsv || !SvPOK(gvsv)
1620 || !(ngv = gv_fetchmethod_autoload(stash, SvPVX_const(gvsv),
1623 /* Can be an import stub (created by "can"). */
1624 const char * const name = (gvsv && SvPOK(gvsv)) ? SvPVX_const(gvsv) : "???";
1625 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s method \"%.256s\" overloading \"%s\" "\
1626 "in package \"%.256s\"",
1627 (GvCVGEN(gv) ? "Stub found while resolving"
1631 cv = GvCV(gv = ngv);
1633 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Overloading \"%s\" in package \"%.256s\" via \"%.256s::%.256s\"\n",
1634 cp, HvNAME_get(stash), HvNAME_get(GvSTASH(CvGV(cv))),
1635 GvNAME(CvGV(cv))) );
1637 if (i < DESTROY_amg)
1639 } else if (gv) { /* Autoloaded... */
1643 amt.table[i]=(CV*)SvREFCNT_inc_simple(cv);
1646 AMT_AMAGIC_on(&amt);
1648 AMT_OVERLOADED_on(&amt);
1649 sv_magic((SV*)stash, 0, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table,
1650 (char*)&amt, sizeof(AMT));
1654 /* Here we have no table: */
1656 AMT_AMAGIC_off(&amt);
1657 sv_magic((SV*)stash, 0, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table,
1658 (char*)&amt, sizeof(AMTS));
1664 Perl_gv_handler(pTHX_ HV *stash, I32 id)
1670 struct mro_meta* stash_meta;
1672 if (!stash || !HvNAME_get(stash))
1675 stash_meta = HvMROMETA(stash);
1676 newgen = PL_sub_generation + stash_meta->pkg_gen + stash_meta->cache_gen;
1678 mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1682 mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1685 amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr;
1686 if ( amtp->was_ok_am != PL_amagic_generation
1687 || amtp->was_ok_sub != newgen )
1689 if (AMT_AMAGIC(amtp)) {
1690 CV * const ret = amtp->table[id];
1691 if (ret && isGV(ret)) { /* Autoloading stab */
1692 /* Passing it through may have resulted in a warning
1693 "Inherited AUTOLOAD for a non-method deprecated", since
1694 our caller is going through a function call, not a method call.
1695 So return the CV for AUTOLOAD, setting $AUTOLOAD. */
1696 GV * const gv = gv_fetchmethod(stash, PL_AMG_names[id]);
1709 Perl_amagic_call(pTHX_ SV *left, SV *right, int method, int flags)
1714 CV **cvp=NULL, **ocvp=NULL;
1715 AMT *amtp=NULL, *oamtp=NULL;
1716 int off = 0, off1, lr = 0, notfound = 0;
1717 int postpr = 0, force_cpy = 0;
1718 int assign = AMGf_assign & flags;
1719 const int assignshift = assign ? 1 : 0;
1724 if (!(AMGf_noleft & flags) && SvAMAGIC(left)
1725 && (stash = SvSTASH(SvRV(left)))
1726 && (mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table))
1727 && (ocvp = cvp = (AMT_AMAGIC((AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)
1728 ? (oamtp = amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)->table
1730 && ((cv = cvp[off=method+assignshift])
1731 || (assign && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER && /* fallback to
1737 cv = cvp[off=method])))) {
1738 lr = -1; /* Call method for left argument */
1740 if (cvp && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER && flags & AMGf_unary) {
1743 /* look for substituted methods */
1744 /* In all the covered cases we should be called with assign==0. */
1748 if ((cv = cvp[off=add_ass_amg])
1749 || ((cv = cvp[off = add_amg]) && (force_cpy = 0, postpr = 1))) {
1750 right = &PL_sv_yes; lr = -1; assign = 1;
1755 if ((cv = cvp[off = subtr_ass_amg])
1756 || ((cv = cvp[off = subtr_amg]) && (force_cpy = 0, postpr=1))) {
1757 right = &PL_sv_yes; lr = -1; assign = 1;
1761 (void)((cv = cvp[off=numer_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=string_amg]));
1764 (void)((cv = cvp[off=string_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=bool__amg]));
1767 (void)((cv = cvp[off=numer_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=bool__amg]));
1770 (void)((cv = cvp[off=bool__amg])
1771 || (cv = cvp[off=numer_amg])
1772 || (cv = cvp[off=string_amg]));
1778 * SV* ref causes confusion with the interpreter variable of
1781 SV* const tmpRef=SvRV(left);
1782 if (!SvROK(tmpRef) && SvTYPE(tmpRef) <= SVt_PVMG) {
1784 * Just to be extra cautious. Maybe in some
1785 * additional cases sv_setsv is safe, too.
1787 SV* const newref = newSVsv(tmpRef);
1788 SvOBJECT_on(newref);
1789 /* As a bit of a source compatibility hack, SvAMAGIC() and
1790 friends dereference an RV, to behave the same was as when
1791 overloading was stored on the reference, not the referant.
1792 Hence we can't use SvAMAGIC_on()
1794 SvFLAGS(newref) |= SVf_AMAGIC;
1795 SvSTASH_set(newref, (HV*)SvREFCNT_inc(SvSTASH(tmpRef)));
1801 if ((cvp[off1=lt_amg] || cvp[off1=ncmp_amg])
1802 && ((cv = cvp[off=neg_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=subtr_amg]))) {
1803 SV* const nullsv=sv_2mortal(newSViv(0));
1805 SV* const lessp = amagic_call(left,nullsv,
1806 lt_amg,AMGf_noright);
1807 logic = SvTRUE(lessp);
1809 SV* const lessp = amagic_call(left,nullsv,
1810 ncmp_amg,AMGf_noright);
1811 logic = (SvNV(lessp) < 0);
1814 if (off==subtr_amg) {
1825 if ((cv = cvp[off=subtr_amg])) {
1827 left = sv_2mortal(newSViv(0));
1832 case iter_amg: /* XXXX Eventually should do to_gv. */
1834 return NULL; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
1842 return left; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
1847 if (!cv) goto not_found;
1848 } else if (!(AMGf_noright & flags) && SvAMAGIC(right)
1849 && (stash = SvSTASH(SvRV(right)))
1850 && (mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table))
1851 && (cvp = (AMT_AMAGIC((AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)
1852 ? (amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)->table
1854 && (cv = cvp[off=method])) { /* Method for right
1857 } else if (((ocvp && oamtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER
1858 && (cvp=ocvp) && (lr = -1))
1859 || (cvp && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER && (lr=1)))
1860 && !(flags & AMGf_unary)) {
1861 /* We look for substitution for
1862 * comparison operations and
1864 if (method==concat_amg || method==concat_ass_amg
1865 || method==repeat_amg || method==repeat_ass_amg) {
1866 return NULL; /* Delegate operation to string conversion */
1876 postpr = 1; off=ncmp_amg; break;
1883 postpr = 1; off=scmp_amg; break;
1885 if (off != -1) cv = cvp[off];
1890 not_found: /* No method found, either report or croak */
1911 return left; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
1914 if (ocvp && (cv=ocvp[nomethod_amg])) { /* Call report method */
1915 notfound = 1; lr = -1;
1916 } else if (cvp && (cv=cvp[nomethod_amg])) {
1917 notfound = 1; lr = 1;
1918 } else if ((amtp && amtp->fallback >= AMGfallYES) && !DEBUG_o_TEST) {
1919 /* Skip generating the "no method found" message. */
1923 if (off==-1) off=method;
1924 msg = sv_2mortal(Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_
1925 "Operation \"%s\": no method found,%sargument %s%s%s%s",
1926 AMG_id2name(method + assignshift),
1927 (flags & AMGf_unary ? " " : "\n\tleft "),
1929 "in overloaded package ":
1930 "has no overloaded magic",
1932 HvNAME_get(SvSTASH(SvRV(left))):
1935 ",\n\tright argument in overloaded package ":
1938 : ",\n\tright argument has no overloaded magic"),
1940 HvNAME_get(SvSTASH(SvRV(right))):
1942 if (amtp && amtp->fallback >= AMGfallYES) {
1943 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "%s", SvPVX_const(msg)) );
1945 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%"SVf, SVfARG(msg));
1949 force_cpy = force_cpy || assign;
1954 DEBUG_o(Perl_deb(aTHX_
1955 "Overloaded operator \"%s\"%s%s%s:\n\tmethod%s found%s in package %s%s\n",
1957 method+assignshift==off? "" :
1959 method+assignshift==off? "" :
1960 AMG_id2name(method+assignshift),
1961 method+assignshift==off? "" : "\")",
1962 flags & AMGf_unary? "" :
1963 lr==1 ? " for right argument": " for left argument",
1964 flags & AMGf_unary? " for argument" : "",
1965 stash ? HvNAME_get(stash) : "null",
1966 fl? ",\n\tassignment variant used": "") );
1969 /* Since we use shallow copy during assignment, we need
1970 * to dublicate the contents, probably calling user-supplied
1971 * version of copy operator
1973 /* We need to copy in following cases:
1974 * a) Assignment form was called.
1975 * assignshift==1, assign==T, method + 1 == off
1976 * b) Increment or decrement, called directly.
1977 * assignshift==0, assign==0, method + 0 == off
1978 * c) Increment or decrement, translated to assignment add/subtr.
1979 * assignshift==0, assign==T,
1981 * d) Increment or decrement, translated to nomethod.
1982 * assignshift==0, assign==0,
1984 * e) Assignment form translated to nomethod.
1985 * assignshift==1, assign==T, method + 1 != off
1988 /* off is method, method+assignshift, or a result of opcode substitution.
1989 * In the latter case assignshift==0, so only notfound case is important.
1991 if (( (method + assignshift == off)
1992 && (assign || (method == inc_amg) || (method == dec_amg)))
1999 const bool oldcatch = CATCH_GET;
2002 Zero(&myop, 1, BINOP);
2003 myop.op_last = (OP *) &myop;
2004 myop.op_next = NULL;
2005 myop.op_flags = OPf_WANT_SCALAR | OPf_STACKED;
2007 PUSHSTACKi(PERLSI_OVERLOAD);
2010 PL_op = (OP *) &myop;
2011 if (PERLDB_SUB && PL_curstash != PL_debstash)
2012 PL_op->op_private |= OPpENTERSUB_DB;
2016 EXTEND(SP, notfound + 5);
2017 PUSHs(lr>0? right: left);
2018 PUSHs(lr>0? left: right);
2019 PUSHs( lr > 0 ? &PL_sv_yes : ( assign ? &PL_sv_undef : &PL_sv_no ));
2021 PUSHs( sv_2mortal(newSVpv(AMG_id2name(method + assignshift),0)));
2026 if ((PL_op = Perl_pp_entersub(aTHX)))
2034 CATCH_SET(oldcatch);
2041 ans=SvIV(res)<=0; break;
2044 ans=SvIV(res)<0; break;
2047 ans=SvIV(res)>=0; break;
2050 ans=SvIV(res)>0; break;
2053 ans=SvIV(res)==0; break;
2056 ans=SvIV(res)!=0; break;
2059 SvSetSV(left,res); return left;
2061 ans=!SvTRUE(res); break;
2066 } else if (method==copy_amg) {
2068 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Copy method did not return a reference");
2070 return SvREFCNT_inc(SvRV(res));
2078 =for apidoc is_gv_magical_sv
2080 Returns C<TRUE> if given the name of a magical GV. Calls is_gv_magical.
2086 Perl_is_gv_magical_sv(pTHX_ SV *name, U32 flags)
2089 const char * const temp = SvPV_const(name, len);
2090 return is_gv_magical(temp, len, flags);
2094 =for apidoc is_gv_magical
2096 Returns C<TRUE> if given the name of a magical GV.
2098 Currently only useful internally when determining if a GV should be
2099 created even in rvalue contexts.
2101 C<flags> is not used at present but available for future extension to
2102 allow selecting particular classes of magical variable.
2104 Currently assumes that C<name> is NUL terminated (as well as len being valid).
2105 This assumption is met by all callers within the perl core, which all pass
2106 pointers returned by SvPV.
2111 Perl_is_gv_magical(pTHX_ const char *name, STRLEN len, U32 flags)
2113 PERL_UNUSED_CONTEXT;
2114 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(flags);
2117 const char * const name1 = name + 1;
2120 if (len == 3 && name1[1] == 'S' && name[2] == 'A')
2124 if (len == 8 && strEQ(name1, "VERLOAD"))
2128 if (len == 3 && name[1] == 'I' && name[2] == 'G')
2131 /* Using ${^...} variables is likely to be sufficiently rare that
2132 it seems sensible to avoid the space hit of also checking the
2134 case '\017': /* ${^OPEN} */
2135 if (strEQ(name1, "PEN"))
2138 case '\024': /* ${^TAINT} */
2139 if (strEQ(name1, "AINT"))
2142 case '\025': /* ${^UNICODE} */
2143 if (strEQ(name1, "NICODE"))
2145 if (strEQ(name1, "TF8LOCALE"))
2148 case '\027': /* ${^WARNING_BITS} */
2149 if (strEQ(name1, "ARNING_BITS"))
2162 const char *end = name + len;
2163 while (--end > name) {
2171 /* Because we're already assuming that name is NUL terminated
2172 below, we can treat an empty name as "\0" */
2199 case '\001': /* $^A */
2200 case '\003': /* $^C */
2201 case '\004': /* $^D */
2202 case '\005': /* $^E */
2203 case '\006': /* $^F */
2204 case '\010': /* $^H */
2205 case '\011': /* $^I, NOT \t in EBCDIC */
2206 case '\014': /* $^L */
2207 case '\016': /* $^N */
2208 case '\017': /* $^O */
2209 case '\020': /* $^P */
2210 case '\023': /* $^S */
2211 case '\024': /* $^T */
2212 case '\026': /* $^V */
2213 case '\027': /* $^W */
2233 Perl_gv_name_set(pTHX_ GV *gv, const char *name, U32 len, U32 flags)
2239 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(flags);
2242 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: gv name too long (%"UVuf")", (UV) len);
2244 if (!(flags & GV_ADD) && GvNAME_HEK(gv)) {
2245 unshare_hek(GvNAME_HEK(gv));
2248 PERL_HASH(hash, name, len);
2249 GvNAME_HEK(gv) = share_hek(name, len, hash);
2254 * c-indentation-style: bsd
2256 * indent-tabs-mode: t
2259 * ex: set ts=8 sts=4 sw=4 noet: