3 * Copyright (C) 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
4 * 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, by Larry Wall and others
6 * You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
7 * License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
12 * 'Mercy!' cried Gandalf. 'If the giving of information is to be the cure
13 * of your inquisitiveness, I shall spend all the rest of my days answering
14 * you. What more do you want to know?'
15 * 'The names of all the stars, and of all living things, and the whole
16 * history of Middle-earth and Over-heaven and of the Sundering Seas,'
23 A GV is a structure which corresponds to to a Perl typeglob, ie *foo.
24 It is a structure that holds a pointer to a scalar, an array, a hash etc,
25 corresponding to $foo, @foo, %foo.
27 GVs are usually found as values in stashes (symbol table hashes) where
28 Perl stores its global variables.
37 static const char S_autoload[] = "AUTOLOAD";
38 static const STRLEN S_autolen = sizeof(S_autoload)-1;
41 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
43 Perl_gv_SVadd(pTHX_ GV *gv)
45 if (!gv || SvTYPE((SV*)gv) != SVt_PVGV)
46 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for scalar");
54 Perl_gv_AVadd(pTHX_ register GV *gv)
56 if (!gv || SvTYPE((SV*)gv) != SVt_PVGV)
57 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for array");
64 Perl_gv_HVadd(pTHX_ register GV *gv)
66 if (!gv || SvTYPE((SV*)gv) != SVt_PVGV)
67 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for hash");
74 Perl_gv_IOadd(pTHX_ register GV *gv)
77 if (!gv || SvTYPE((SV*)gv) != SVt_PVGV) {
80 * if it walks like a dirhandle, then let's assume that
81 * this is a dirhandle.
83 const char * const fh =
84 PL_op->op_type == OP_READDIR ||
85 PL_op->op_type == OP_TELLDIR ||
86 PL_op->op_type == OP_SEEKDIR ||
87 PL_op->op_type == OP_REWINDDIR ||
88 PL_op->op_type == OP_CLOSEDIR ?
89 "dirhandle" : "filehandle";
90 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for %s", fh);
94 #ifdef GV_UNIQUE_CHECK
96 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for filehandle (GV is unique)");
105 Perl_gv_fetchfile(pTHX_ const char *name)
116 tmplen = strlen(name) + 2;
117 if (tmplen < sizeof smallbuf)
120 Newx(tmpbuf, tmplen + 1, char);
121 /* This is where the debugger's %{"::_<$filename"} hash is created */
124 memcpy(tmpbuf + 2, name, tmplen - 1);
125 gv = *(GV**)hv_fetch(PL_defstash, tmpbuf, tmplen, TRUE);
127 gv_init(gv, PL_defstash, tmpbuf, tmplen, FALSE);
128 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
129 GvSV(gv) = newSVpvn(name, tmplen - 2);
131 sv_setpvn(GvSV(gv), name, tmplen - 2);
134 hv_magic(GvHVn(gv_AVadd(gv)), NULL, PERL_MAGIC_dbfile);
136 if (tmpbuf != smallbuf)
142 =for apidoc gv_const_sv
144 If C<gv> is a typeglob whose subroutine entry is a constant sub eligible for
145 inlining, or C<gv> is a placeholder reference that would be promoted to such
146 a typeglob, then returns the value returned by the sub. Otherwise, returns
153 Perl_gv_const_sv(pTHX_ GV *gv)
155 if (SvTYPE(gv) == SVt_PVGV)
156 return cv_const_sv(GvCVu(gv));
157 return SvROK(gv) ? SvRV(gv) : NULL;
161 Perl_newGP(pTHX_ GV *const gv)
164 const char *const file
165 = (PL_curcop && CopFILE(PL_curcop)) ? CopFILE(PL_curcop) : "";
166 STRLEN len = strlen(file);
169 PERL_HASH(hash, file, len);
173 #ifndef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
174 gp->gv_sv = newSV(0);
177 gp->gp_line = PL_curcop ? CopLINE(PL_curcop) : 0;
178 /* XXX Ideally this cast would be replaced with a change to const char*
180 gp->gp_file_hek = share_hek(file, len, hash);
188 Perl_gv_init(pTHX_ GV *gv, HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, int multi)
191 const U32 old_type = SvTYPE(gv);
192 const bool doproto = old_type > SVt_NULL;
193 const char * const proto = (doproto && SvPOK(gv)) ? SvPVX_const(gv) : NULL;
194 SV *const has_constant = doproto && SvROK(gv) ? SvRV(gv) : NULL;
195 const U32 exported_constant = has_constant ? SvPCS_IMPORTED(gv) : 0;
197 assert (!(proto && has_constant));
200 /* The constant has to be a simple scalar type. */
201 switch (SvTYPE(has_constant)) {
207 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Cannot convert a reference to %s to typeglob",
208 sv_reftype(has_constant, 0));
216 if (old_type < SVt_PVGV) {
217 if (old_type >= SVt_PV)
219 sv_upgrade((SV*)gv, SVt_PVGV);
227 Safefree(SvPVX_mutable(gv));
232 GvGP(gv) = Perl_newGP(aTHX_ gv);
235 Perl_sv_add_backref(aTHX_ (SV*)stash, (SV*)gv);
236 gv_name_set(gv, name, len, GV_ADD);
237 if (multi || doproto) /* doproto means it _was_ mentioned */
239 if (doproto) { /* Replicate part of newSUB here. */
242 /* newCONSTSUB takes ownership of the reference from us. */
243 GvCV(gv) = newCONSTSUB(stash, name, has_constant);
244 /* If this reference was a copy of another, then the subroutine
245 must have been "imported", by a Perl space assignment to a GV
246 from a reference to CV. */
247 if (exported_constant)
248 GvIMPORTED_CV_on(gv);
250 /* XXX unsafe for threads if eval_owner isn't held */
251 (void) start_subparse(0,0); /* Create empty CV in compcv. */
252 GvCV(gv) = PL_compcv;
258 CvFILE_set_from_cop(GvCV(gv), PL_curcop);
259 CvSTASH(GvCV(gv)) = PL_curstash;
261 sv_setpv((SV*)GvCV(gv), proto);
268 S_gv_init_sv(pTHX_ GV *gv, I32 sv_type)
280 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
293 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth
295 Returns the glob with the given C<name> and a defined subroutine or
296 C<NULL>. The glob lives in the given C<stash>, or in the stashes
297 accessible via @ISA and UNIVERSAL::.
299 The argument C<level> should be either 0 or -1. If C<level==0>, as a
300 side-effect creates a glob with the given C<name> in the given C<stash>
301 which in the case of success contains an alias for the subroutine, and sets
302 up caching info for this glob. Similarly for all the searched stashes.
304 This function grants C<"SUPER"> token as a postfix of the stash name. The
305 GV returned from C<gv_fetchmeth> may be a method cache entry, which is not
306 visible to Perl code. So when calling C<call_sv>, you should not use
307 the GV directly; instead, you should use the method's CV, which can be
308 obtained from the GV with the C<GvCV> macro.
314 Perl_gv_fetchmeth(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, I32 level)
323 HV* lastchance = NULL;
325 /* UNIVERSAL methods should be callable without a stash */
327 level = -1; /* probably appropriate */
328 if(!(stash = gv_stashpvs("UNIVERSAL", FALSE)))
332 hvname = HvNAME_get(stash);
335 "Can't use anonymous symbol table for method lookup");
337 if ((level > 100) || (level < -100))
338 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Recursive inheritance detected while looking for method '%s' in package '%s'",
341 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Looking for method %s in package %s\n",name,hvname) );
343 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash, name, len, (level >= 0));
348 if (SvTYPE(topgv) != SVt_PVGV)
349 gv_init(topgv, stash, name, len, TRUE);
350 if ((cv = GvCV(topgv))) {
351 /* If genuine method or valid cache entry, use it */
352 if (!GvCVGEN(topgv) || GvCVGEN(topgv) == PL_sub_generation)
354 /* Stale cached entry: junk it */
356 GvCV(topgv) = cv = NULL;
359 else if (GvCVGEN(topgv) == PL_sub_generation)
360 return 0; /* cache indicates sub doesn't exist */
363 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetchs(stash, "ISA", FALSE);
364 av = (gvp && (gv = *gvp) && gv != (GV*)&PL_sv_undef) ? GvAV(gv) : NULL;
366 /* create and re-create @.*::SUPER::ISA on demand */
367 if (!av || !SvMAGIC(av)) {
368 STRLEN packlen = HvNAMELEN_get(stash);
370 if (packlen >= 7 && strEQ(hvname + packlen - 7, "::SUPER")) {
374 basestash = gv_stashpvn(hvname, packlen, TRUE);
375 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetchs(basestash, "ISA", FALSE);
376 if (gvp && (gv = *gvp) != (GV*)&PL_sv_undef && (av = GvAV(gv))) {
377 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetchs(stash, "ISA", TRUE);
378 if (!gvp || !(gv = *gvp))
379 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Cannot create %s::ISA", hvname);
380 if (SvTYPE(gv) != SVt_PVGV)
381 gv_init(gv, stash, "ISA", 3, TRUE);
382 SvREFCNT_dec(GvAV(gv));
383 GvAV(gv) = (AV*)SvREFCNT_inc_simple(av);
389 SV** svp = AvARRAY(av);
390 /* NOTE: No support for tied ISA */
391 I32 items = AvFILLp(av) + 1;
393 SV* const sv = *svp++;
394 HV* const basestash = gv_stashsv(sv, FALSE);
396 if (ckWARN(WARN_MISC))
397 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_MISC), "Can't locate package %"SVf" for @%s::ISA",
401 gv = gv_fetchmeth(basestash, name, len,
402 (level >= 0) ? level + 1 : level - 1);
408 /* if at top level, try UNIVERSAL */
410 if (level == 0 || level == -1) {
411 lastchance = gv_stashpvs("UNIVERSAL", FALSE);
414 if ((gv = gv_fetchmeth(lastchance, name, len,
415 (level >= 0) ? level + 1 : level - 1)))
419 * Cache method in topgv if:
420 * 1. topgv has no synonyms (else inheritance crosses wires)
421 * 2. method isn't a stub (else AUTOLOAD fails spectacularly)
424 GvREFCNT(topgv) == 1 &&
426 (CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv)))
428 if ((cv = GvCV(topgv)))
430 GvCV(topgv) = (CV*)SvREFCNT_inc(GvCV(gv));
431 GvCVGEN(topgv) = PL_sub_generation;
435 else if (topgv && GvREFCNT(topgv) == 1) {
436 /* cache the fact that the method is not defined */
437 GvCVGEN(topgv) = PL_sub_generation;
446 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth_autoload
448 Same as gv_fetchmeth(), but looks for autoloaded subroutines too.
449 Returns a glob for the subroutine.
451 For an autoloaded subroutine without a GV, will create a GV even
452 if C<level < 0>. For an autoloaded subroutine without a stub, GvCV()
453 of the result may be zero.
459 Perl_gv_fetchmeth_autoload(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, I32 level)
461 GV *gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, name, len, level);
468 return NULL; /* UNIVERSAL::AUTOLOAD could cause trouble */
469 if (len == S_autolen && strnEQ(name, S_autoload, S_autolen))
471 if (!(gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, S_autoload, S_autolen, FALSE)))
474 if (!(CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv)))
476 /* Have an autoload */
477 if (level < 0) /* Cannot do without a stub */
478 gv_fetchmeth(stash, name, len, 0);
479 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash, name, len, (level >= 0));
488 =for apidoc gv_fetchmethod_autoload
490 Returns the glob which contains the subroutine to call to invoke the method
491 on the C<stash>. In fact in the presence of autoloading this may be the
492 glob for "AUTOLOAD". In this case the corresponding variable $AUTOLOAD is
495 The third parameter of C<gv_fetchmethod_autoload> determines whether
496 AUTOLOAD lookup is performed if the given method is not present: non-zero
497 means yes, look for AUTOLOAD; zero means no, don't look for AUTOLOAD.
498 Calling C<gv_fetchmethod> is equivalent to calling C<gv_fetchmethod_autoload>
499 with a non-zero C<autoload> parameter.
501 These functions grant C<"SUPER"> token as a prefix of the method name. Note
502 that if you want to keep the returned glob for a long time, you need to
503 check for it being "AUTOLOAD", since at the later time the call may load a
504 different subroutine due to $AUTOLOAD changing its value. Use the glob
505 created via a side effect to do this.
507 These functions have the same side-effects and as C<gv_fetchmeth> with
508 C<level==0>. C<name> should be writable if contains C<':'> or C<'
509 ''>. The warning against passing the GV returned by C<gv_fetchmeth> to
510 C<call_sv> apply equally to these functions.
516 Perl_gv_fetchmethod_autoload(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, I32 autoload)
519 register const char *nend;
520 const char *nsplit = NULL;
524 if (stash && SvTYPE(stash) < SVt_PVHV)
527 for (nend = name; *nend; nend++) {
530 else if (*nend == ':' && *(nend + 1) == ':')
534 const char * const origname = name;
538 if ((nsplit - origname) == 5 && strnEQ(origname, "SUPER", 5)) {
539 /* ->SUPER::method should really be looked up in original stash */
540 SV * const tmpstr = sv_2mortal(Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_ "%s::SUPER",
541 CopSTASHPV(PL_curcop)));
542 /* __PACKAGE__::SUPER stash should be autovivified */
543 stash = gv_stashpvn(SvPVX_const(tmpstr), SvCUR(tmpstr), TRUE);
544 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Treating %s as %s::%s\n",
545 origname, HvNAME_get(stash), name) );
548 /* don't autovifify if ->NoSuchStash::method */
549 stash = gv_stashpvn(origname, nsplit - origname, FALSE);
551 /* however, explicit calls to Pkg::SUPER::method may
552 happen, and may require autovivification to work */
553 if (!stash && (nsplit - origname) >= 7 &&
554 strnEQ(nsplit - 7, "::SUPER", 7) &&
555 gv_stashpvn(origname, nsplit - origname - 7, FALSE))
556 stash = gv_stashpvn(origname, nsplit - origname, TRUE);
561 gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, name, nend - name, 0);
563 if (strEQ(name,"import") || strEQ(name,"unimport"))
564 gv = (GV*)&PL_sv_yes;
566 gv = gv_autoload4(ostash, name, nend - name, TRUE);
569 CV* const cv = GvCV(gv);
570 if (!CvROOT(cv) && !CvXSUB(cv)) {
578 if (GvCV(stubgv) != cv) /* orphaned import */
581 autogv = gv_autoload4(GvSTASH(stubgv),
582 GvNAME(stubgv), GvNAMELEN(stubgv), TRUE);
592 Perl_gv_autoload4(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, I32 method)
600 const char *packname = "";
601 STRLEN packname_len = 0;
603 if (len == S_autolen && strnEQ(name, S_autoload, S_autolen))
606 if (SvTYPE(stash) < SVt_PVHV) {
607 packname = SvPV_const((SV*)stash, packname_len);
611 packname = HvNAME_get(stash);
612 packname_len = HvNAMELEN_get(stash);
615 if (!(gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, S_autoload, S_autolen, FALSE)))
619 if (!(CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv)))
623 * Inheriting AUTOLOAD for non-methods works ... for now.
625 if (!method && (GvCVGEN(gv) || GvSTASH(gv) != stash)
626 && ckWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX)
628 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX),
629 "Use of inherited AUTOLOAD for non-method %s::%.*s() is deprecated",
630 packname, (int)len, name);
633 /* rather than lookup/init $AUTOLOAD here
634 * only to have the XSUB do another lookup for $AUTOLOAD
635 * and split that value on the last '::',
636 * pass along the same data via some unused fields in the CV
639 SvPV_set(cv, (char *)name); /* cast to lose constness warning */
645 * Given &FOO::AUTOLOAD, set $FOO::AUTOLOAD to desired function name.
646 * The subroutine's original name may not be "AUTOLOAD", so we don't
647 * use that, but for lack of anything better we will use the sub's
648 * original package to look up $AUTOLOAD.
650 varstash = GvSTASH(CvGV(cv));
651 vargv = *(GV**)hv_fetch(varstash, S_autoload, S_autolen, TRUE);
655 gv_init(vargv, varstash, S_autoload, S_autolen, FALSE);
656 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
657 GvSV(vargv) = newSV(0);
661 varsv = GvSVn(vargv);
662 sv_setpvn(varsv, packname, packname_len);
663 sv_catpvs(varsv, "::");
664 sv_catpvn(varsv, name, len);
669 /* require_tie_mod() internal routine for requiring a module
670 * that implements the logic of automatical ties like %! and %-
672 * The "gv" parameter should be the glob.
673 * "varpv" holds the name of the var, used for error messages
674 * "namesv" holds the module name
675 * "methpv" holds the method name to test for to check that things
676 * are working reasonably close to as expected
677 * "flags" if flag & 1 then save the scalar before loading.
678 * For the protection of $! to work (it is set by this routine)
679 * the sv slot must already be magicalized.
682 S_require_tie_mod(pTHX_ GV *gv, const char *varpv, SV* namesv, const char *methpv,const U32 flags)
685 HV* stash = gv_stashsv(namesv, FALSE);
687 if (!stash || !(gv_fetchmethod(stash, methpv))) {
688 SV *module = newSVsv(namesv);
694 Perl_load_module(aTHX_ PERL_LOADMOD_NOIMPORT, module, NULL);
697 stash = gv_stashsv(namesv, FALSE);
699 Perl_croak( aTHX_ "panic: Can't use %%%s because %"SVf" is not available",
700 varpv, SVfARG(module));
701 else if (!gv_fetchmethod(stash, methpv))
702 Perl_croak( aTHX_ "panic: Can't use %%%s because %"SVf" does not support method %s",
703 varpv, SVfARG(module), methpv);
709 =for apidoc gv_stashpv
711 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package. C<name> should
712 be a valid UTF-8 string and must be null-terminated. If C<create> is set
713 then the package will be created if it does not already exist. If C<create>
714 is not set and the package does not exist then NULL is returned.
720 Perl_gv_stashpv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
722 return gv_stashpvn(name, strlen(name), create);
726 =for apidoc gv_stashpvn
728 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package. C<name> should
729 be a valid UTF-8 string. The C<namelen> parameter indicates the length of
730 the C<name>, in bytes. If C<create> is set then the package will be
731 created if it does not already exist. If C<create> is not set and the
732 package does not exist then NULL is returned.
738 Perl_gv_stashpvn(pTHX_ const char *name, U32 namelen, I32 create)
745 if (namelen + 3 < sizeof smallbuf)
748 Newx(tmpbuf, namelen + 3, char);
749 Copy(name,tmpbuf,namelen,char);
750 tmpbuf[namelen++] = ':';
751 tmpbuf[namelen++] = ':';
752 tmpbuf[namelen] = '\0';
753 tmpgv = gv_fetchpvn_flags(tmpbuf, namelen, create, SVt_PVHV);
754 if (tmpbuf != smallbuf)
759 GvHV(tmpgv) = newHV();
761 if (!HvNAME_get(stash))
762 hv_name_set(stash, name, namelen, 0);
767 =for apidoc gv_stashsv
769 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package, which must be a
770 valid UTF-8 string. See C<gv_stashpv>.
776 Perl_gv_stashsv(pTHX_ SV *sv, I32 create)
779 const char * const ptr = SvPV_const(sv,len);
780 return gv_stashpvn(ptr, len, create);
785 Perl_gv_fetchpv(pTHX_ const char *nambeg, I32 add, I32 sv_type) {
786 return gv_fetchpvn_flags(nambeg, strlen(nambeg), add, sv_type);
790 Perl_gv_fetchsv(pTHX_ SV *name, I32 flags, I32 sv_type) {
792 const char * const nambeg = SvPV_const(name, len);
793 return gv_fetchpvn_flags(nambeg, len, flags | SvUTF8(name), sv_type);
797 Perl_gv_fetchpvn_flags(pTHX_ const char *nambeg, STRLEN full_len, I32 flags,
801 register const char *name = nambeg;
802 register GV *gv = NULL;
805 register const char *name_cursor;
807 const I32 no_init = flags & (GV_NOADD_NOINIT | GV_NOINIT);
808 const I32 no_expand = flags & GV_NOEXPAND;
809 const I32 add = flags & ~GV_NOADD_MASK;
810 const char *const name_end = nambeg + full_len;
811 const char *const name_em1 = name_end - 1;
813 if (flags & GV_NOTQUAL) {
814 /* Caller promised that there is no stash, so we can skip the check. */
819 if (full_len > 2 && *name == '*' && isALPHA(name[1])) {
820 /* accidental stringify on a GV? */
824 for (name_cursor = name; name_cursor < name_end; name_cursor++) {
825 if ((*name_cursor == ':' && name_cursor < name_em1
826 && name_cursor[1] == ':')
827 || (*name_cursor == '\'' && name_cursor[1]))
831 if (!stash || !SvREFCNT(stash)) /* symbol table under destruction */
834 len = name_cursor - name;
839 if (len + 3 < (I32)sizeof (smallbuf))
842 Newx(tmpbuf, len+3, char);
843 Copy(name, tmpbuf, len, char);
847 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash,tmpbuf,len,add);
848 gv = gvp ? *gvp : NULL;
849 if (gv && gv != (GV*)&PL_sv_undef) {
850 if (SvTYPE(gv) != SVt_PVGV)
851 gv_init(gv, stash, tmpbuf, len, (add & GV_ADDMULTI));
855 if (tmpbuf != smallbuf)
857 if (!gv || gv == (GV*)&PL_sv_undef)
860 if (!(stash = GvHV(gv)))
861 stash = GvHV(gv) = newHV();
863 if (!HvNAME_get(stash))
864 hv_name_set(stash, nambeg, name_cursor - nambeg, 0);
867 if (*name_cursor == ':')
871 if (name == name_end)
872 return gv ? gv : (GV*)*hv_fetchs(PL_defstash, "main::", TRUE);
875 len = name_cursor - name;
877 /* No stash in name, so see how we can default */
881 if (len && isIDFIRST_lazy(name)) {
890 if ((name[0] == 'I' && name[1] == 'N' && name[2] == 'C')
891 || (name[0] == 'E' && name[1] == 'N' && name[2] == 'V')
892 || (name[0] == 'S' && name[1] == 'I' && name[2] == 'G'))
896 if (name[0] == 'A' && name[1] == 'R' && name[2] == 'G'
901 if (name[0] == 'S' && name[1] == 'T' && name[2] == 'D'
902 && name[3] == 'I' && name[4] == 'N')
906 if ((name[0] == 'S' && name[1] == 'T' && name[2] == 'D')
907 &&((name[3] == 'O' && name[4] == 'U' && name[5] == 'T')
908 ||(name[3] == 'E' && name[4] == 'R' && name[5] == 'R')))
912 if (name[0] == 'A' && name[1] == 'R' && name[2] == 'G'
913 && name[3] == 'V' && name[4] == 'O' && name[5] == 'U'
921 else if (IN_PERL_COMPILETIME) {
923 if (add && (PL_hints & HINT_STRICT_VARS) &&
924 sv_type != SVt_PVCV &&
925 sv_type != SVt_PVGV &&
926 sv_type != SVt_PVFM &&
927 sv_type != SVt_PVIO &&
928 !(len == 1 && sv_type == SVt_PV &&
929 (*name == 'a' || *name == 'b')) )
931 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash,name,len,0);
933 *gvp == (GV*)&PL_sv_undef ||
934 SvTYPE(*gvp) != SVt_PVGV)
938 else if ((sv_type == SVt_PV && !GvIMPORTED_SV(*gvp)) ||
939 (sv_type == SVt_PVAV && !GvIMPORTED_AV(*gvp)) ||
940 (sv_type == SVt_PVHV && !GvIMPORTED_HV(*gvp)) )
942 Perl_warn(aTHX_ "Variable \"%c%s\" is not imported",
943 sv_type == SVt_PVAV ? '@' :
944 sv_type == SVt_PVHV ? '%' : '$',
947 Perl_warn(aTHX_ "\t(Did you mean &%s instead?)\n", name);
953 stash = CopSTASH(PL_curcop);
959 /* By this point we should have a stash and a name */
963 SV * const err = Perl_mess(aTHX_
964 "Global symbol \"%s%s\" requires explicit package name",
965 (sv_type == SVt_PV ? "$"
966 : sv_type == SVt_PVAV ? "@"
967 : sv_type == SVt_PVHV ? "%"
970 if (USE_UTF8_IN_NAMES)
973 gv = gv_fetchpvn_flags("<none>::", 8, GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV);
975 /* symbol table under destruction */
984 if (!SvREFCNT(stash)) /* symbol table under destruction */
987 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash,name,len,add);
988 if (!gvp || *gvp == (GV*)&PL_sv_undef)
991 if (SvTYPE(gv) == SVt_PVGV) {
994 gv_init_sv(gv, sv_type);
995 if (sv_type == SVt_PVHV && len == 1 ) {
997 require_tie_mod(gv, "!", newSVpvs("Errno"), "TIEHASH", 1);
999 if (*name == '-' || *name == '+')
1000 require_tie_mod(gv, name, newSVpvs("re::Tie::Hash::NamedCapture"), "FETCH", 0);
1005 } else if (no_init) {
1007 } else if (no_expand && SvROK(gv)) {
1011 /* Adding a new symbol */
1013 if (add & GV_ADDWARN && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL))
1014 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL), "Had to create %s unexpectedly", nambeg);
1015 gv_init(gv, stash, name, len, add & GV_ADDMULTI);
1016 gv_init_sv(gv, sv_type);
1018 if (isALPHA(name[0]) && ! (isLEXWARN_on ? ckWARN(WARN_ONCE)
1019 : (PL_dowarn & G_WARN_ON ) ) )
1022 /* set up magic where warranted */
1027 /* Nothing else to do.
1028 The compiler will probably turn the switch statement into a
1029 branch table. Make sure we avoid even that small overhead for
1030 the common case of lower case variable names. */
1034 const char * const name2 = name + 1;
1037 if (strEQ(name2, "RGV")) {
1038 IoFLAGS(GvIOn(gv)) |= IOf_ARGV|IOf_START;
1040 else if (strEQ(name2, "RGVOUT")) {
1045 if (strnEQ(name2, "XPORT", 5))
1049 if (strEQ(name2, "SA")) {
1050 AV* const av = GvAVn(gv);
1052 sv_magic((SV*)av, (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_isa, NULL, 0);
1053 /* NOTE: No support for tied ISA */
1054 if ((add & GV_ADDMULTI) && strEQ(nambeg,"AnyDBM_File::ISA")
1055 && AvFILLp(av) == -1)
1058 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "NDBM_File",9));
1059 gv_stashpvn(pname, 9, TRUE);
1060 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "DB_File",7));
1061 gv_stashpvn(pname, 7, TRUE);
1062 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "GDBM_File",9));
1063 gv_stashpvn(pname, 9, TRUE);
1064 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "SDBM_File",9));
1065 gv_stashpvn(pname, 9, TRUE);
1066 av_push(av, newSVpvn(pname = "ODBM_File",9));
1067 gv_stashpvn(pname, 9, TRUE);
1072 if (strEQ(name2, "VERLOAD")) {
1073 HV* const hv = GvHVn(gv);
1075 hv_magic(hv, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_overload);
1079 if (strEQ(name2, "IG")) {
1083 Newxz(PL_psig_ptr, SIG_SIZE, SV*);
1084 Newxz(PL_psig_name, SIG_SIZE, SV*);
1085 Newxz(PL_psig_pend, SIG_SIZE, int);
1089 hv_magic(hv, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_sig);
1090 for (i = 1; i < SIG_SIZE; i++) {
1091 SV * const * const init = hv_fetch(hv, PL_sig_name[i], strlen(PL_sig_name[i]), 1);
1093 sv_setsv(*init, &PL_sv_undef);
1095 PL_psig_name[i] = 0;
1096 PL_psig_pend[i] = 0;
1101 if (strEQ(name2, "ERSION"))
1104 case '\003': /* $^CHILD_ERROR_NATIVE */
1105 if (strEQ(name2, "HILD_ERROR_NATIVE"))
1108 case '\005': /* $^ENCODING */
1109 if (strEQ(name2, "NCODING"))
1112 case '\015': /* $^MATCH */
1113 if (strEQ(name2, "ATCH"))
1115 case '\017': /* $^OPEN */
1116 if (strEQ(name2, "PEN"))
1119 case '\020': /* $^PREMATCH $^POSTMATCH */
1120 if (strEQ(name2, "REMATCH") || strEQ(name2, "OSTMATCH"))
1122 case '\024': /* ${^TAINT} */
1123 if (strEQ(name2, "AINT"))
1126 case '\025': /* ${^UNICODE}, ${^UTF8LOCALE} */
1127 if (strEQ(name2, "NICODE"))
1129 if (strEQ(name2, "TF8LOCALE"))
1131 if (strEQ(name2, "TF8CACHE"))
1134 case '\027': /* $^WARNING_BITS */
1135 if (strEQ(name2, "ARNING_BITS"))
1148 /* ensures variable is only digits */
1149 /* ${"1foo"} fails this test (and is thus writeable) */
1150 /* added by japhy, but borrowed from is_gv_magical */
1151 const char *end = name + len;
1152 while (--end > name) {
1153 if (!isDIGIT(*end)) return gv;
1160 /* Names of length 1. (Or 0. But name is NUL terminated, so that will
1161 be case '\0' in this switch statement (ie a default case) */
1167 sv_type == SVt_PVAV ||
1168 sv_type == SVt_PVHV ||
1169 sv_type == SVt_PVCV ||
1170 sv_type == SVt_PVFM ||
1173 PL_sawampersand = TRUE;
1177 sv_setpv(GvSVn(gv),PL_chopset);
1181 #ifdef COMPLEX_STATUS
1182 SvUPGRADE(GvSVn(gv), SVt_PVLV);
1188 /* If %! has been used, automatically load Errno.pm. */
1190 sv_magic(GvSVn(gv), (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, len);
1192 /* magicalization must be done before require_tie_mod is called */
1193 if (sv_type == SVt_PVHV)
1194 require_tie_mod(gv, "!", newSVpvs("Errno"), "TIEHASH", 1);
1199 GvMULTI_on(gv); /* no used once warnings here */
1201 bool plus = (*name == '+');
1202 SV *stashname = newSVpvs("re::Tie::Hash::NamedCapture");
1203 AV* const av = GvAVn(gv);
1204 HV *const hv = GvHVn(gv);
1205 HV *const hv_tie = newHV();
1206 SV *tie = newRV_noinc((SV*)hv_tie);
1208 sv_bless(tie, gv_stashsv(stashname,1));
1209 hv_magic(hv, (GV*)tie, PERL_MAGIC_tied);
1210 sv_magic((SV*)av, (plus ? (SV*)av : NULL), PERL_MAGIC_regdata, NULL, 0);
1211 sv_magic(GvSVn(gv), (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, len);
1214 SvREADONLY_on(GvSVn(gv));
1216 Perl_hv_store(aTHX_ hv_tie, STR_WITH_LEN("all"), newSViv(1), 0);
1222 if (sv_type == SVt_PVHV)
1223 require_tie_mod(gv, name, stashname, "FETCH", 0);
1229 if (sv_type == SVt_PV && ckWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX))
1230 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX),
1231 "$%c is no longer supported", *name);
1234 sv_setiv(GvSVn(gv), (IV)(IoFLAGS(GvIOp(PL_defoutgv)) & IOf_FLUSH) != 0);
1237 case '\010': /* $^H */
1239 HV *const hv = GvHVn(gv);
1240 hv_magic(hv, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_hints);
1243 case '\023': /* $^S */
1254 SvREADONLY_on(GvSVn(gv));
1269 case '\001': /* $^A */
1270 case '\003': /* $^C */
1271 case '\004': /* $^D */
1272 case '\005': /* $^E */
1273 case '\006': /* $^F */
1274 case '\011': /* $^I, NOT \t in EBCDIC */
1275 case '\016': /* $^N */
1276 case '\017': /* $^O */
1277 case '\020': /* $^P */
1278 case '\024': /* $^T */
1279 case '\027': /* $^W */
1281 sv_magic(GvSVn(gv), (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, len);
1284 case '\014': /* $^L */
1285 sv_setpvn(GvSVn(gv),"\f",1);
1286 PL_formfeed = GvSVn(gv);
1289 sv_setpvn(GvSVn(gv),"\034",1);
1293 SV * const sv = GvSVn(gv);
1294 if (!sv_derived_from(PL_patchlevel, "version"))
1295 upg_version(PL_patchlevel);
1296 GvSV(gv) = vnumify(PL_patchlevel);
1297 SvREADONLY_on(GvSV(gv));
1301 case '\026': /* $^V */
1303 SV * const sv = GvSVn(gv);
1304 GvSV(gv) = new_version(PL_patchlevel);
1305 SvREADONLY_on(GvSV(gv));
1315 Perl_gv_fullname4(pTHX_ SV *sv, const GV *gv, const char *prefix, bool keepmain)
1319 const HV * const hv = GvSTASH(gv);
1324 sv_setpv(sv, prefix ? prefix : "");
1326 name = HvNAME_get(hv);
1328 namelen = HvNAMELEN_get(hv);
1334 if (keepmain || strNE(name, "main")) {
1335 sv_catpvn(sv,name,namelen);
1338 sv_catpvn(sv,GvNAME(gv),GvNAMELEN(gv));
1342 Perl_gv_efullname4(pTHX_ SV *sv, const GV *gv, const char *prefix, bool keepmain)
1344 const GV * const egv = GvEGV(gv);
1345 gv_fullname4(sv, egv ? egv : gv, prefix, keepmain);
1353 IO * const io = (IO*)newSV(0);
1355 sv_upgrade((SV *)io,SVt_PVIO);
1356 /* This used to read SvREFCNT(io) = 1;
1357 It's not clear why the reference count needed an explicit reset. NWC
1359 assert (SvREFCNT(io) == 1);
1361 /* Clear the stashcache because a new IO could overrule a package name */
1362 hv_clear(PL_stashcache);
1363 iogv = gv_fetchpvs("FileHandle::", 0, SVt_PVHV);
1364 /* unless exists($main::{FileHandle}) and defined(%main::FileHandle::) */
1365 if (!(iogv && GvHV(iogv) && HvARRAY(GvHV(iogv))))
1366 iogv = gv_fetchpvs("IO::Handle::", GV_ADD, SVt_PVHV);
1367 SvSTASH_set(io, (HV*)SvREFCNT_inc(GvHV(iogv)));
1372 Perl_gv_check(pTHX_ const HV *stash)
1377 if (!HvARRAY(stash))
1379 for (i = 0; i <= (I32) HvMAX(stash); i++) {
1381 for (entry = HvARRAY(stash)[i]; entry; entry = HeNEXT(entry)) {
1384 if (HeKEY(entry)[HeKLEN(entry)-1] == ':' &&
1385 (gv = (GV*)HeVAL(entry)) && isGV(gv) && (hv = GvHV(gv)))
1387 if (hv != PL_defstash && hv != stash)
1388 gv_check(hv); /* nested package */
1390 else if (isALPHA(*HeKEY(entry))) {
1392 gv = (GV*)HeVAL(entry);
1393 if (SvTYPE(gv) != SVt_PVGV || GvMULTI(gv))
1396 /* performance hack: if filename is absolute and it's a standard
1397 * module, don't bother warning */
1398 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
1399 # define LIB_COMPONENT ":lib:"
1401 # define LIB_COMPONENT "/lib/"
1404 && PERL_FILE_IS_ABSOLUTE(file)
1405 && (instr(file, LIB_COMPONENT) || instr(file, ".pm")))
1409 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, GvLINE(gv));
1411 CopFILE(PL_curcop) = (char *)file; /* set for warning */
1413 CopFILEGV(PL_curcop) = gv_fetchfile(file);
1415 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_ONCE),
1416 "Name \"%s::%s\" used only once: possible typo",
1417 HvNAME_get(stash), GvNAME(gv));
1424 Perl_newGVgen(pTHX_ const char *pack)
1427 return gv_fetchpv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "%s::_GEN_%ld", pack, (long)PL_gensym++),
1431 /* hopefully this is only called on local symbol table entries */
1434 Perl_gp_ref(pTHX_ GP *gp)
1442 /* multi-named GPs cannot be used for method cache */
1443 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_cv);
1448 /* Adding a new name to a subroutine invalidates method cache */
1449 PL_sub_generation++;
1456 Perl_gp_free(pTHX_ GV *gv)
1461 if (!gv || !isGV_with_GP(gv) || !(gp = GvGP(gv)))
1463 if (gp->gp_refcnt == 0) {
1464 if (ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL))
1465 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
1466 "Attempt to free unreferenced glob pointers"
1467 pTHX__FORMAT pTHX__VALUE);
1471 /* Deleting the name of a subroutine invalidates method cache */
1472 PL_sub_generation++;
1474 if (--gp->gp_refcnt > 0) {
1475 if (gp->gp_egv == gv)
1481 if (gp->gp_file_hek)
1482 unshare_hek(gp->gp_file_hek);
1483 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_sv);
1484 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_av);
1485 /* FIXME - another reference loop GV -> symtab -> GV ?
1486 Somehow gp->gp_hv can end up pointing at freed garbage. */
1487 if (gp->gp_hv && SvTYPE(gp->gp_hv) == SVt_PVHV) {
1488 const char *hvname = HvNAME_get(gp->gp_hv);
1489 if (PL_stashcache && hvname)
1490 hv_delete(PL_stashcache, hvname, HvNAMELEN_get(gp->gp_hv),
1492 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_hv);
1494 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_io);
1495 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_cv);
1496 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_form);
1503 Perl_magic_freeovrld(pTHX_ SV *sv, MAGIC *mg)
1505 AMT * const amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr;
1506 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(sv);
1508 if (amtp && AMT_AMAGIC(amtp)) {
1510 for (i = 1; i < NofAMmeth; i++) {
1511 CV * const cv = amtp->table[i];
1513 SvREFCNT_dec((SV *) cv);
1514 amtp->table[i] = NULL;
1521 /* Updates and caches the CV's */
1524 Perl_Gv_AMupdate(pTHX_ HV *stash)
1527 MAGIC* const mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1531 const AMT * const amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr;
1532 if (amtp->was_ok_am == PL_amagic_generation
1533 && amtp->was_ok_sub == PL_sub_generation) {
1534 return (bool)AMT_OVERLOADED(amtp);
1536 sv_unmagic((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1539 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Recalcing overload magic in package %s\n",HvNAME_get(stash)) );
1542 amt.was_ok_am = PL_amagic_generation;
1543 amt.was_ok_sub = PL_sub_generation;
1544 amt.fallback = AMGfallNO;
1548 int filled = 0, have_ovl = 0;
1551 /* Work with "fallback" key, which we assume to be first in PL_AMG_names */
1553 /* Try to find via inheritance. */
1554 GV *gv = gv_fetchmeth(stash, PL_AMG_names[0], 2, -1);
1555 SV * const sv = gv ? GvSV(gv) : NULL;
1559 lim = DESTROY_amg; /* Skip overloading entries. */
1560 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
1562 NOOP; /* Equivalent to !SvTRUE and !SvOK */
1565 else if (SvTRUE(sv))
1566 amt.fallback=AMGfallYES;
1568 amt.fallback=AMGfallNEVER;
1570 for (i = 1; i < lim; i++)
1571 amt.table[i] = NULL;
1572 for (; i < NofAMmeth; i++) {
1573 const char * const cooky = PL_AMG_names[i];
1574 /* Human-readable form, for debugging: */
1575 const char * const cp = (i >= DESTROY_amg ? cooky : AMG_id2name(i));
1576 const STRLEN l = strlen(cooky);
1578 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Checking overloading of \"%s\" in package \"%.256s\"\n",
1579 cp, HvNAME_get(stash)) );
1580 /* don't fill the cache while looking up!
1581 Creation of inheritance stubs in intermediate packages may
1582 conflict with the logic of runtime method substitution.
1583 Indeed, for inheritance A -> B -> C, if C overloads "+0",
1584 then we could have created stubs for "(+0" in A and C too.
1585 But if B overloads "bool", we may want to use it for
1586 numifying instead of C's "+0". */
1587 if (i >= DESTROY_amg)
1588 gv = Perl_gv_fetchmeth_autoload(aTHX_ stash, cooky, l, 0);
1589 else /* Autoload taken care of below */
1590 gv = Perl_gv_fetchmeth(aTHX_ stash, cooky, l, -1);
1592 if (gv && (cv = GvCV(gv))) {
1594 if (GvNAMELEN(CvGV(cv)) == 3 && strEQ(GvNAME(CvGV(cv)), "nil")
1595 && strEQ(hvname = HvNAME_get(GvSTASH(CvGV(cv))), "overload")) {
1596 /* This is a hack to support autoloading..., while
1597 knowing *which* methods were declared as overloaded. */
1598 /* GvSV contains the name of the method. */
1600 SV *gvsv = GvSV(gv);
1602 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Resolving method \"%"SVf256\
1603 "\" for overloaded \"%s\" in package \"%.256s\"\n",
1604 (void*)GvSV(gv), cp, hvname) );
1605 if (!gvsv || !SvPOK(gvsv)
1606 || !(ngv = gv_fetchmethod_autoload(stash, SvPVX_const(gvsv),
1609 /* Can be an import stub (created by "can"). */
1610 const char * const name = (gvsv && SvPOK(gvsv)) ? SvPVX_const(gvsv) : "???";
1611 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s method \"%.256s\" overloading \"%s\" "\
1612 "in package \"%.256s\"",
1613 (GvCVGEN(gv) ? "Stub found while resolving"
1617 cv = GvCV(gv = ngv);
1619 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Overloading \"%s\" in package \"%.256s\" via \"%.256s::%.256s\"\n",
1620 cp, HvNAME_get(stash), HvNAME_get(GvSTASH(CvGV(cv))),
1621 GvNAME(CvGV(cv))) );
1623 if (i < DESTROY_amg)
1625 } else if (gv) { /* Autoloaded... */
1629 amt.table[i]=(CV*)SvREFCNT_inc_simple(cv);
1632 AMT_AMAGIC_on(&amt);
1634 AMT_OVERLOADED_on(&amt);
1635 sv_magic((SV*)stash, 0, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table,
1636 (char*)&amt, sizeof(AMT));
1640 /* Here we have no table: */
1642 AMT_AMAGIC_off(&amt);
1643 sv_magic((SV*)stash, 0, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table,
1644 (char*)&amt, sizeof(AMTS));
1650 Perl_gv_handler(pTHX_ HV *stash, I32 id)
1656 if (!stash || !HvNAME_get(stash))
1658 mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1662 mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
1665 amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr;
1666 if ( amtp->was_ok_am != PL_amagic_generation
1667 || amtp->was_ok_sub != PL_sub_generation )
1669 if (AMT_AMAGIC(amtp)) {
1670 CV * const ret = amtp->table[id];
1671 if (ret && isGV(ret)) { /* Autoloading stab */
1672 /* Passing it through may have resulted in a warning
1673 "Inherited AUTOLOAD for a non-method deprecated", since
1674 our caller is going through a function call, not a method call.
1675 So return the CV for AUTOLOAD, setting $AUTOLOAD. */
1676 GV * const gv = gv_fetchmethod(stash, PL_AMG_names[id]);
1689 Perl_amagic_call(pTHX_ SV *left, SV *right, int method, int flags)
1694 CV **cvp=NULL, **ocvp=NULL;
1695 AMT *amtp=NULL, *oamtp=NULL;
1696 int off = 0, off1, lr = 0, notfound = 0;
1697 int postpr = 0, force_cpy = 0;
1698 int assign = AMGf_assign & flags;
1699 const int assignshift = assign ? 1 : 0;
1704 if (!(AMGf_noleft & flags) && SvAMAGIC(left)
1705 && (stash = SvSTASH(SvRV(left)))
1706 && (mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table))
1707 && (ocvp = cvp = (AMT_AMAGIC((AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)
1708 ? (oamtp = amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)->table
1710 && ((cv = cvp[off=method+assignshift])
1711 || (assign && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER && /* fallback to
1717 cv = cvp[off=method])))) {
1718 lr = -1; /* Call method for left argument */
1720 if (cvp && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER && flags & AMGf_unary) {
1723 /* look for substituted methods */
1724 /* In all the covered cases we should be called with assign==0. */
1728 if ((cv = cvp[off=add_ass_amg])
1729 || ((cv = cvp[off = add_amg]) && (force_cpy = 0, postpr = 1))) {
1730 right = &PL_sv_yes; lr = -1; assign = 1;
1735 if ((cv = cvp[off = subtr_ass_amg])
1736 || ((cv = cvp[off = subtr_amg]) && (force_cpy = 0, postpr=1))) {
1737 right = &PL_sv_yes; lr = -1; assign = 1;
1741 (void)((cv = cvp[off=numer_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=string_amg]));
1744 (void)((cv = cvp[off=string_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=bool__amg]));
1747 (void)((cv = cvp[off=numer_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=bool__amg]));
1750 (void)((cv = cvp[off=bool__amg])
1751 || (cv = cvp[off=numer_amg])
1752 || (cv = cvp[off=string_amg]));
1758 * SV* ref causes confusion with the interpreter variable of
1761 SV* const tmpRef=SvRV(left);
1762 if (!SvROK(tmpRef) && SvTYPE(tmpRef) <= SVt_PVMG) {
1764 * Just to be extra cautious. Maybe in some
1765 * additional cases sv_setsv is safe, too.
1767 SV* const newref = newSVsv(tmpRef);
1768 SvOBJECT_on(newref);
1769 /* As a bit of a source compatibility hack, SvAMAGIC() and
1770 friends dereference an RV, to behave the same was as when
1771 overloading was stored on the reference, not the referant.
1772 Hence we can't use SvAMAGIC_on()
1774 SvFLAGS(newref) |= SVf_AMAGIC;
1775 SvSTASH_set(newref, (HV*)SvREFCNT_inc(SvSTASH(tmpRef)));
1781 if ((cvp[off1=lt_amg] || cvp[off1=ncmp_amg])
1782 && ((cv = cvp[off=neg_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=subtr_amg]))) {
1783 SV* const nullsv=sv_2mortal(newSViv(0));
1785 SV* const lessp = amagic_call(left,nullsv,
1786 lt_amg,AMGf_noright);
1787 logic = SvTRUE(lessp);
1789 SV* const lessp = amagic_call(left,nullsv,
1790 ncmp_amg,AMGf_noright);
1791 logic = (SvNV(lessp) < 0);
1794 if (off==subtr_amg) {
1805 if ((cv = cvp[off=subtr_amg])) {
1807 left = sv_2mortal(newSViv(0));
1812 case iter_amg: /* XXXX Eventually should do to_gv. */
1814 return NULL; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
1822 return left; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
1827 if (!cv) goto not_found;
1828 } else if (!(AMGf_noright & flags) && SvAMAGIC(right)
1829 && (stash = SvSTASH(SvRV(right)))
1830 && (mg = mg_find((SV*)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table))
1831 && (cvp = (AMT_AMAGIC((AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)
1832 ? (amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)->table
1834 && (cv = cvp[off=method])) { /* Method for right
1837 } else if (((ocvp && oamtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER
1838 && (cvp=ocvp) && (lr = -1))
1839 || (cvp && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER && (lr=1)))
1840 && !(flags & AMGf_unary)) {
1841 /* We look for substitution for
1842 * comparison operations and
1844 if (method==concat_amg || method==concat_ass_amg
1845 || method==repeat_amg || method==repeat_ass_amg) {
1846 return NULL; /* Delegate operation to string conversion */
1856 postpr = 1; off=ncmp_amg; break;
1863 postpr = 1; off=scmp_amg; break;
1865 if (off != -1) cv = cvp[off];
1870 not_found: /* No method found, either report or croak */
1878 return left; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
1881 if (ocvp && (cv=ocvp[nomethod_amg])) { /* Call report method */
1882 notfound = 1; lr = -1;
1883 } else if (cvp && (cv=cvp[nomethod_amg])) {
1884 notfound = 1; lr = 1;
1885 } else if ((amtp && amtp->fallback >= AMGfallYES) && !DEBUG_o_TEST) {
1886 /* Skip generating the "no method found" message. */
1890 if (off==-1) off=method;
1891 msg = sv_2mortal(Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_
1892 "Operation \"%s\": no method found,%sargument %s%s%s%s",
1893 AMG_id2name(method + assignshift),
1894 (flags & AMGf_unary ? " " : "\n\tleft "),
1896 "in overloaded package ":
1897 "has no overloaded magic",
1899 HvNAME_get(SvSTASH(SvRV(left))):
1902 ",\n\tright argument in overloaded package ":
1905 : ",\n\tright argument has no overloaded magic"),
1907 HvNAME_get(SvSTASH(SvRV(right))):
1909 if (amtp && amtp->fallback >= AMGfallYES) {
1910 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "%s", SvPVX_const(msg)) );
1912 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%"SVf, SVfARG(msg));
1916 force_cpy = force_cpy || assign;
1921 DEBUG_o(Perl_deb(aTHX_
1922 "Overloaded operator \"%s\"%s%s%s:\n\tmethod%s found%s in package %s%s\n",
1924 method+assignshift==off? "" :
1926 method+assignshift==off? "" :
1927 AMG_id2name(method+assignshift),
1928 method+assignshift==off? "" : "\")",
1929 flags & AMGf_unary? "" :
1930 lr==1 ? " for right argument": " for left argument",
1931 flags & AMGf_unary? " for argument" : "",
1932 stash ? HvNAME_get(stash) : "null",
1933 fl? ",\n\tassignment variant used": "") );
1936 /* Since we use shallow copy during assignment, we need
1937 * to dublicate the contents, probably calling user-supplied
1938 * version of copy operator
1940 /* We need to copy in following cases:
1941 * a) Assignment form was called.
1942 * assignshift==1, assign==T, method + 1 == off
1943 * b) Increment or decrement, called directly.
1944 * assignshift==0, assign==0, method + 0 == off
1945 * c) Increment or decrement, translated to assignment add/subtr.
1946 * assignshift==0, assign==T,
1948 * d) Increment or decrement, translated to nomethod.
1949 * assignshift==0, assign==0,
1951 * e) Assignment form translated to nomethod.
1952 * assignshift==1, assign==T, method + 1 != off
1955 /* off is method, method+assignshift, or a result of opcode substitution.
1956 * In the latter case assignshift==0, so only notfound case is important.
1958 if (( (method + assignshift == off)
1959 && (assign || (method == inc_amg) || (method == dec_amg)))
1966 const bool oldcatch = CATCH_GET;
1969 Zero(&myop, 1, BINOP);
1970 myop.op_last = (OP *) &myop;
1971 myop.op_next = NULL;
1972 myop.op_flags = OPf_WANT_SCALAR | OPf_STACKED;
1974 PUSHSTACKi(PERLSI_OVERLOAD);
1977 PL_op = (OP *) &myop;
1978 if (PERLDB_SUB && PL_curstash != PL_debstash)
1979 PL_op->op_private |= OPpENTERSUB_DB;
1983 EXTEND(SP, notfound + 5);
1984 PUSHs(lr>0? right: left);
1985 PUSHs(lr>0? left: right);
1986 PUSHs( lr > 0 ? &PL_sv_yes : ( assign ? &PL_sv_undef : &PL_sv_no ));
1988 PUSHs( sv_2mortal(newSVpv(AMG_id2name(method + assignshift),0)));
1993 if ((PL_op = Perl_pp_entersub(aTHX)))
2001 CATCH_SET(oldcatch);
2008 ans=SvIV(res)<=0; break;
2011 ans=SvIV(res)<0; break;
2014 ans=SvIV(res)>=0; break;
2017 ans=SvIV(res)>0; break;
2020 ans=SvIV(res)==0; break;
2023 ans=SvIV(res)!=0; break;
2026 SvSetSV(left,res); return left;
2028 ans=!SvTRUE(res); break;
2033 } else if (method==copy_amg) {
2035 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Copy method did not return a reference");
2037 return SvREFCNT_inc(SvRV(res));
2045 =for apidoc is_gv_magical_sv
2047 Returns C<TRUE> if given the name of a magical GV. Calls is_gv_magical.
2053 Perl_is_gv_magical_sv(pTHX_ SV *name, U32 flags)
2056 const char * const temp = SvPV_const(name, len);
2057 return is_gv_magical(temp, len, flags);
2061 =for apidoc is_gv_magical
2063 Returns C<TRUE> if given the name of a magical GV.
2065 Currently only useful internally when determining if a GV should be
2066 created even in rvalue contexts.
2068 C<flags> is not used at present but available for future extension to
2069 allow selecting particular classes of magical variable.
2071 Currently assumes that C<name> is NUL terminated (as well as len being valid).
2072 This assumption is met by all callers within the perl core, which all pass
2073 pointers returned by SvPV.
2078 Perl_is_gv_magical(pTHX_ const char *name, STRLEN len, U32 flags)
2080 PERL_UNUSED_CONTEXT;
2081 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(flags);
2084 const char * const name1 = name + 1;
2087 if (len == 3 && name1[1] == 'S' && name[2] == 'A')
2091 if (len == 8 && strEQ(name1, "VERLOAD"))
2095 if (len == 3 && name[1] == 'I' && name[2] == 'G')
2098 /* Using ${^...} variables is likely to be sufficiently rare that
2099 it seems sensible to avoid the space hit of also checking the
2101 case '\017': /* ${^OPEN} */
2102 if (strEQ(name1, "PEN"))
2105 case '\024': /* ${^TAINT} */
2106 if (strEQ(name1, "AINT"))
2109 case '\025': /* ${^UNICODE} */
2110 if (strEQ(name1, "NICODE"))
2112 if (strEQ(name1, "TF8LOCALE"))
2115 case '\027': /* ${^WARNING_BITS} */
2116 if (strEQ(name1, "ARNING_BITS"))
2129 const char *end = name + len;
2130 while (--end > name) {
2138 /* Because we're already assuming that name is NUL terminated
2139 below, we can treat an empty name as "\0" */
2166 case '\001': /* $^A */
2167 case '\003': /* $^C */
2168 case '\004': /* $^D */
2169 case '\005': /* $^E */
2170 case '\006': /* $^F */
2171 case '\010': /* $^H */
2172 case '\011': /* $^I, NOT \t in EBCDIC */
2173 case '\014': /* $^L */
2174 case '\016': /* $^N */
2175 case '\017': /* $^O */
2176 case '\020': /* $^P */
2177 case '\023': /* $^S */
2178 case '\024': /* $^T */
2179 case '\026': /* $^V */
2180 case '\027': /* $^W */
2200 Perl_gv_name_set(pTHX_ GV *gv, const char *name, U32 len, U32 flags)
2206 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(flags);
2209 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: gv name too long (%"UVuf")", (UV) len);
2211 if (!(flags & GV_ADD) && GvNAME_HEK(gv)) {
2212 unshare_hek(GvNAME_HEK(gv));
2215 PERL_HASH(hash, name, len);
2216 GvNAME_HEK(gv) = share_hek(name, len, hash);
2221 * c-indentation-style: bsd
2223 * indent-tabs-mode: t
2226 * ex: set ts=8 sts=4 sw=4 noet: